o:tf] a]nfdf /fhfsf] oqf] lxDdt Û
/fdk|;fb vgfn
O6x/L . >L % dxf/fhflw/fh 1fg]Gb| jL/ ljqmd zfxb]j tyf >L % a8fdxf/fgL sf]dn /fHonIdL b]jL zfx ;/sf/ k"jf{~rnsf ljleGg lhNnfx? ;jf/L x'Fbf pkl:yt ePsf aL;f}+ xhf/ hgtf / pgLx?n] cfkm\gf /fhf/fgL;Fu JoQm u/]sf efj ;'Gbf, b]Vbf u0ftGqsf] /fu cnfKg]x?, /fhfsf lj?4 s'ln{g]x?sf] dg slt hn]sf] xf]nf, sf7df8f}sf] gofF jfg]Zj/ / b]zsf ljleGg zx/x?df ;ftbnsf sfo{qmddf w]/} ;do kl5 hDdf kfl/Psf / pgLx?s} zAbdf …pln{Psf] hgtfsf] dxf;fu/Ú nfO{ slt lrGtf k}bf ePsf] xf]nf, ;xh} cg'dfg nufpg ;lsG5 .
b]zdf clxn] :jLsf/ u/f}+ gu/f} Pp6f s] s'/f ;To xf] eg] /fhfsf] kIfdf / ;ftbn dWo]sf sfFu|];, Pdfn]x?;Fu hgtf 5g\ . dfcf]jfbL;Fu aGb'ssf] 8/n] dfq} xf] gq dfcf]jfbLn] dg lht]/ hgtf cfkm\gf] kIfdf Nofpg ;s]sf 5}gg\ . x]l//xg'; h'g lbg dfcf]jfbL lgz:q x'G5 Tof] lbg p;Fu aGb's] afx]s sf]xL klg x'g] 5}gg\ .
bnx?sf] kIfdf aLrdf s]jn sfo{stf{ dfq lyP, t/ ;/sf/df a;]sf s'n+uf/ s]xL dGqLx?sf] sfd sfjf{xL, tf}/ tl/sfsf sf/0f / /fhfsf] ;lbR5f cg'?k sfd x'g g;Sbf, @! a'Fb] sfo{qmd ynf kbf{ s'Des0f{ h:t} lgbfPsf hgtfnfO{ ;ftbnn] aLrdf emsemsfpg, p7fpg df}sf kfP Tof] w'|j{ ;To xf] .
/fhfsf] cbDo ;fx;, /fi6« / hgtfk|ltsf] k|lta4tfdf s'g} vf]+6 nufpg] 7fpF 5}g tyflk /fhfs} ;xof]uLx?, /fhfs} cWoIftfdf ag]sf] dlGqkl/ifbsf ;b:ox?sf] cg'xf/ b]lv lqmofsnfk;Dd x]bf{, b]Vbf …b'lgofFsf] xfF;f]Ú ePsf] eGg] /fhfjfbLs} ts{df s'g} km/sdt /fVg] 7fpF klg 5}g .
æcfkm\gf] sf] xf] < k/fof sf] xf] < s;sf] s] of]ubfg 5 < s;n] s'g If]qdf of]ubfg lbg ;S5 < s'g dfG5]nfO{ s'g 7fpFdf /fv]/ sfd u/fpg ;lsG5 < s'g gSsnL xf] < s'g ;SsnL xf] < otflt/ ;/sf/sf] Wofg hfg ;s]g . rfs8Ljfhx?, gSsnL / cj;/jfbL hdftx? klg jt{dfg ;/sf/sf] kfnfdf ljut !@÷!# jif{df em} af/Daf/ k'/:s[t e}/x]sf 5g\ . /fhfsf kIfdf b]zsf k|f]km];/, 8fS6/, OlGhlgo/, kqsf/, a'l4hLjL, jsLn, ljleGg If]qsf ljz]if1x?, sfd ug]{ v'aL ePsfx? k|z:t} eP klg ltgLx?nfO{ lrGg, klxrfg ug{, sfd nufpg ;s]sf] b]lvPg xfn ;Dd klg .Æ k|f=8f= /fds'df/ kfF8]sf] lrGtf 5 .
/fhfsf] c;f]h !* / df3 !( sf] b'j} sbd zt k|ltzt ;xL eP klg sfof{Gjog kIf cln lkmtnf] eOlb+bf, /fhfsf] ;lbR5f cg'?k sfd sfjf{xL Jojxf/df nfu" geO{lb+bf, ljutdf h:t} rfs8Ljfh, cj;/jfbL hdft xfjL eOlb+bf cfh /fi6«jfbL hdft b'vL x'g] dfq xf]Og ;ft bn;Fu l/;fP/, cf; df/]/ ;'t]sf hgtf klg s]xL xb;Dd p7]sf] ;TonfO{ s;}n] gsfg{ ;lsb}g .
æ/fhfn] dfG5] g} sf]xL gkfP em}+, sf]xL cfkm\gf] kIfdf gePem} Jojxf/df b]lvG5, Pp6} dfG5] af/Daf/ k'/:s[t x'g], l7s 7fpFdf JolQm rog x'g g;Sg] k|j[lQn] /fhfsf kIfdf ePsf Ps ;] Ps xhf/f}sf] dg s'Fl8Psf] 5Æ Ps csf{ k|f1sf] ts{ lyof] .
æ/fhfsf] lgs6 x'g]x?n] /fhfnfO{ ;xof]u ug'{k5{, plrt ;Nnfx lbg'k5{, >L % nfO{ ;a} s'/f dl;gf] ul/ yfxf gx'g ;S5, ;a} s'/f a'emfpg ;Sg' k5{Æ k|f=8f= kfF8]sf] ;Nnfx lyof] .
…cf]+7] elQm b]vfpg]x?sf] af]njfnf clxn] b]lvPsf] 5, gSsnLx? km]l/ k'/:s[t x'Fb}5g o;n] /fhfsf] ;lbR5f k'/f ug{ ufx|f] x'G5Ú k|f]km];/ 8f= pk]Gb| b]jsf]6fsf] egfO5 .
…/fhfsf] lxDdt ;fx; slt 5, slt /x]5 < Tof] ;a}n] b]lvof], t/ klg o:tf ;fx;L, lxDdtL /fhfnfO{ PSnf] kfg]{, c;kmn agfpg] sfd e}/x]sf] 5, xfdL /fhfnfO{ c;kmn kfg]{, PSnfpg] k|j[lQ;Fu h'Wg' k5{, gSsnL, cj;/jfbL, /fi6«jfbLx?nfO{, /fhfsf ;xof]uLsf gfddf c;xof]uL e"ldsf lgjf{x ug]{x?nfO{ tx nufpg nfUg'k5{Ú k|fWofks hoaxfb'/ vqL o;} eGg'x'G5 .
b]z cToGt sl7g kl/l:yltdf /x]sf a]nfdf klg, /fHoåf/f cft+ssf/L 3f]lift dfcf]jfbLn] o'4lj/fd eË ul/ xTof, lx+;f z'? u/]sf a]nfdf klg km]l/ aL;f} xhf/ hgtf dfem cfkm\gf] hLp Hofgsf] s'g} k/jfx gu/L lhNnf lhNnf k'Ug], hgtfsf] ;'v b'v oyfy{ a'em\g] ;fx;L /fhf, lagf s'g} hfgsf/L :ofG6«f] uf8L xfFs]/ lagf ;'/Iff sf]zL Jof/]h lg/LIf0fdf k'Ug] /fhf, /fi6« / hgtf k|lt k"0f{ ;dlk{t, k|lta4 /fhfnfO{ k|ofKt ;xof]u x'g ;s], /fhfsf ;lbR5f k"/f ug{ ;a}n] ;fy lbP s:tf] x'GYof] xf]nf Û
;ftbn / dfcf]jfbLaLrsf] lbNnLsf] lgb]{zgdf ePsf] nugufF7f] ca k'mSg} k5{, k'msfpg} k5{, ;ft bnn] xTof lx+;f ug]{, aGb'ss} e/df /fHo sAhf ug{ vf]Hg] dfcf]jfbL;Fu ;xsfo{ tf]8\g} k5{, olb o;f] ePg eg] dfcf]jfbLn] ;ftbnnfO{ r'n'{Dd 8'afpg] 5g, ;dod} r]tgf eof .
otf /fhf/fgL hfg] :yfgdf Jofks ;'/Iff kl/rfng, ;f]xLcg';f/sf] s8f ;'/Iff hfFr, To;sf cnjf bfofFafFof, cuf8L k5f8L ;'/IffsdL{sf] 3]/fdf lxF8\g] /fhf cfkm}+n] ;jf/L xfFs]/ /fgL;lxt ;'6'Ss sf]zL Jof/]h k'u]sf] va/n] k"jf{~rnjf;LnfO{ dfq xf]Og ;a}nfO{ cfZro{rlst agfPsf] 5 . k"jf{~rn e|d0fsf qmddf /lxaS;]sf /fhf/fgLsf] sf]zL Jof/]h e|d0f af/] ;'/Iff lgsfo;d]t a]va/ /Xof] eg] c?sf s'/} 5fl8lbpFm .
O6x/Ll:yt ;}lgs Jof/]saf6 cfkm}+n] ;jf/L xfFSb} w/fgl:yt hL/f] KjfOG6 k'u]/ ToxfFaf6 l;w}+ df};"kmx? sf]zL Jof/]htkm{ nfu]sf] ;|f]tn] atfof] . df};"kmn] xfFs]sf] ;jf/L ;fwg ;fdfGo ePsfn] klg s;}n] cQf]kQf] kfPgg\ . ;dfrf/ ;|f]tsf cg';f/ /fhf/fgL lgnf] /+usf] :ofG6«f] sf/df ;jf/L xf]OaS;]sf] lyof] . /fhdfu{sf ;'/IffsdL{ ;d]t /fhf/fgLsf] ;jf/L af/] cgle1 lyP . df};"kmx? sf]zL Jof/]h k'u]sf] w]/}a]/kl5 dfq ToxfF ;'/Iffsf ;a} c+ux? k'u]sf] a'lemPsf] 5 . dfcf]jfbLsf] o'4lj/fd e+u x'g' cl3Nnf] lbg k"j{ If]qsf] nfdf] e|d0fdf ;jf/L xf]OaS;]sf /fhf/fgLn]
dfcf]jfbLn] o'4lj/fd e+u u/]kl5sf lbgdf lbgbfxf8} 7fpF7fpFdf cfqmd0f / lj:kmf]6gsf 36gf 36fO/x]sf] cj:yfdf s;}nfO{ cQf]kQf] glbOsg} ;fx; / axfb'/Lsf ;fy To;/L 58\s] lg/LIf0f ul/aS;]sf] va/n] /fhfsf] /fi6« / hgtfk|ltsf] ;fx;nfO{ dfkg ub{5 eGb} /fhfn] oqf] axfb'/Lsf ;fy sfo{ ug]{ t/ ;/sf/df a:g] dGqLx? / /fhfsf lgs6 ;xof]uLx?n] /fhfsf] ;lbR5f cg'?k rNg g;Sg', /fhf lgs6 JolQmx?n] zfxL 3f]if0ffsf] dd{ cg'?k cl3 a9\g g;Sg'nfO{ /fi6«jfbLx?n] lrGtfsf] ljifo dfg]sf 5g\ .
dlGqkl/ifb\sf] cfsl:ds a}7s a:of]
/fhf k"jf{~rnaf6 cs:dft /fhwfgLdf
sf7df8f} . k"jf{~rn e|d0fdf ;jf/L xf]OaS;]sf >L % dxf/fhflw/fh 1fg]Gb| jL/ ljqmd zfxb]j lxhf] cs:dft /fhwfgL lkmlt{ ;jf/L ePsf], cfsl:ds ?kdf dlGqkl/ifbsf] a}7s a;l/x]sf], /fhgLlts ?kdf dxTjk"0f{ lg0f{o Pj+ kl/jt{g x'g yfn]sf] xNnfn] lxhf] lbge/ dfq xf]Og /flt;Dd pkTosfdf rrf{ kl/rrf{ rln/x] .
s;}n] d'n'sdf ;}lgs zf;g z'? ug{ yflnof] /] Û ca t emg aaf{b} x'g] eof] eGb} em\ofnL lk6fP t s;}n] lgjf{rg ;fg{ nfluPsf] xNnf rnfP . sltkon] /fhf k"jf{~rn ;jf/L ePsf a]nf dfcf]jfbL;Fu jftf{ ul/ dlGqkl/ifb;Fu 5nkmn ug{ df};'km /fhwfgL lkmlt{ ;jf/L ePsf] eGg];Ddsf xNnf rnfP . ;ftbn / h+unL dfcf]jfbLsf] klg lxhf] lbge/L 6fpsf] b'v]5–dlGqkl/ifbsf] cfsl:ds a}7s a:of] eg]/ . t/ jf:tjdf lxhf] To:tf] s]xL lyPg dfq cfly{s cWofb]z kf; ug{ / s]xL lgoldt sfo{ Pj+ Ph]08fdf 5nkmn Pj+ lg0f{osf nflu a}7s a;]sf] lyof] .
lxhf]sf] a}7sn] cfly{s cWofb]z kf; u/]sf] 5 eg] s]xL cGo lg0f{o klg u/]sf] 5 t/ xNnf eP cg';f/, rrf{ eP cg';f/ s'g} klg dxTjk"0f{ lg0f{o gePsf] dGqLx?n] lgikIfnfO{ atfP . >L % lxhf] dlGqkl/ifbsf] a}7s kl5 k"jf{~rn ;jf/L ;jf/L xf]OaS:of] .
o;}u/L lxh} >L % s} ;d'kl:yltdf /fli6«o of]hgf cfof]usf] ;d]t a}7s a;]sf] yfxf nfu]sf] 5 .
z/brGb| zfx c:ktfn egf{
sf7df8f} . g]kfnsf] /fhgLltdf cufl8 slxNo} gb]lvg] t/ kbf{ k5fl8af6 cToGt dxTjk"0f{ e"ldsf lgjf{x ug]{ elg lrlgg'x'g] z/brGb| zfx s]xL ;dootf cln a9L cZj:y x'g'ePsf] 5 . ;"rgf k|ljlw pRr:t/Lo cfof]usf pkfWoIf ;d]t /xg'ePsf >L zfx cGt/f{li6«o ;Dd]ngx?sf qmddf ljb]z hfFbf klg :j:y x'g'x'GgYof] t/ Totfaf6 kmls{;s]kl5 cfkm\gf] 5f]/fsf] z'eljjfxdf cln a9L vl6g' eof] . ljjfx nuQ} >L zfx la/fdL k/]/ c:ktfng} egf{ x'g'eof] . pxfF la/fdL k/]sf] ;a}nfO{ yfxf ePklg sxfF, s;/L pkrf/ ul/b}5 eGg] s'/f uf]Ko /fVg ;Nnfx lbFb} lrlsT;sx?n] uf]Ko g/fVbf dfG5]x?sf] e]6\g] qmd a9L x'g] / OGkm]S;g x'g] 8/n] To;/L uf]Ko /flvPsf] kfl/jfl/s ;'qaf6 yfxf nfu]sf] 5 .
pxfFsf] nlntk'/l:yt aL=P08 aL= c:ktfndf :jf:Yo pkrf/ eO/x]sf] t/ s;};Fu klg e]6\g lrlsT;sx?sf] ;Nnfx cg';f/ k"0f{ ?kdf dgfxL ul/Psf] 5 . pxfFnfO{ kmf]S;f] ;DaGwL nufot cGo s]xL ;d:of /x]sf] lrlsT;sx?n] lgikIfnfO{ atfP . lgikIf /fli6«o ;fKtflxs ;d:t kl/jf/ >L zfxsf] zL3| :jf:Yo nfesf] sfdgf ub{5 .
o;}aLr g]kfndf /x]sf] ;"rgf k|ljlw ;DjGwL hgzlQmsf] tYofÍnfO{ Jojl:yt ?kdf ;+sng ug{ ;"rgf k|ljlw pRr:t/Lo cfof]un] cgnfOg k|f]kmfOn 8f6f /lh:6«]zg z'? u/]sf] 5 . b]zdf /x]sf] ;"rgf k|ljlw If]qsf] bIf hgzlQm s'g s] s:tf] dfqfdf 5 eGg] kQf nufpg / ljb]zaf6 dfu e} cfPsf] hgzlQm cfk"tL{ ug{ ;lhnf]
xf]; eGg] p2]Zon] ;f] JolQmut ljj/0f ;+sng ul/Psf] cfof]un] hgfPsf] 5 . cfof]usf ;b:o ;lrj cfTdf/fd l3ld/]sf cg';f/ cfˆgf] JolQmut ljj/0f btf{ ug{ rfxg]x?sf nflu www.hlcit.gov.np df jf Od]n 7]ufgf info@hlcit.gov.np ˆofS;af6 ;d]t ljj/0f k7fpg ;lsg] Joj:yf ldnfO{Psf] 5 .
g]tfsf] x}g snfsf/x?sf] efif0f x]g'{{; Û
sf7df8f} . >L % sf] ;/sf/n] cfufdL df3 @^ ut] ;DkGg ug]{ 3f]if0ff u/]sf] gu/kflnsfsf] lgjf{rgsf af/]df snfsf/x? Pj+ rnlrqsdL{x?df tLa| dte]b b]vfk/]sf] 5 . rnlrqsdL{x? dWo] sf]xL r'gfj x'g'k5{ eGg] kIfdf b]vf k/] t sf]xLn] rflxF r'gfjsf] tLa| lj/f]w u/] .
l/kf]6{;{ Snadf ;f]daf/ cfof]lht ;fIffTsf/ sfo{qmddf af]Nb} rnlrq ljsf; af]8{sf gj lgo'Qm sfo{sf/L cWoIf s[i0f dNnn] ;/sf/sf] x/]s 3f]if0ffdf d]/f] ;dy{g /xG5 . d r'gfj x'g'k5{ eGg] kIfdf 5' . of] r'gfjn] d'n'sdf :yfoL zflGt :yfkgf ug{df d2t ug]{5 eGg'eof] .
cfk'm ;+j}wflgs /fhtGq / ax'bnLo k|hftGqdf ljZjf; /fVg] gful/s ePsf]n] lgjf{rgsf] ljkIfdf s'/f ug{ g;Sg] / k|hftGqsf] cfwf/:tDeg} lgjf{rg ePsf]n] lgjf{rg x'g'kg]{ jl/i7 nf]sufos /fdk|;fb vgfnn] atfpg'eof] . pxfFn] eGg'eof] …clxn] x'g nfu]sf] r'gfj layf]Ng s]xL /fhgLlts bnx?n] cfkm}n] cft+ssf/L 3f]if0ff u/]sf dfcf]jfbLx?;Fu lbNnLsf] lgb]{zgdf lbNnLd} afx| a'Fb] ;dembf/L sfod u/L cg]sf} xys08f z'? u/]sf 5g, k|hftGqjfbL xf} eGg] bnx? / logsf g]tfx?n] k|hftGqs} lvnfkm x'g]u/L lgjf{rg layf]N5f} eGg', s'g} xfntdf lgjf{rg x'g lbb}gf} eGg' unt xf], r'gfj u/fp5' eGg] /fhf / ;/sf/ lg/+s'z ls r'gfj layf]N5f} eGg]x? lg/+s'z < of] k|Zgsf] hjfkm g]tfx?n] lbg'k5{ .Ú pxfFn] cufl8 eGg'eof] ;a} bn, kIfx?nfO{ of] r'gfjdf efu lng / hgtfn] cfkm\gf] k|ltlglw cfkm} 5fGg] clwsf/nfO{ al~rt gug{ d cfu|x ub{5' . lagf lgjf{rg k|hftGqdf s;/L lgsf; lgl:sG5 < eGg] k|Zg ub}{ >L vgfnn] df3 @^ ut] x'guO{/x]sf] lgjf{rgdf ;a}n] ;xeflu eP/ zflGtk"0f{ 9+un] lgikIf lgjf{rg ;DkGg u/L :yfgLo lgsfosf] l/Qmtf k"/f u/]df b]z / hgtfsf nflu dfq xf]Og lns 5f]8]sf] k|hftGqsf] nflu klg pko'Qm x'g] atfpg'eof] .
To;}u/L gfos >Ls[i0f >]i7 eg] r'gfjsf] kIfdf b]lvP . gfos >]i7n] ;a} g]kfnLdf Pstf x'g'kg]{df hf]8 lbFb} r'gfj ;DkGg u/]/ b]zdf zflGt :yfkgf ug'{ kg]{ atfP . >]i7n] hgtfn] k|hftGqdf kfpg] :jtGqtf r'gfjdf ef]6 xfn]/ pkof]u ug'{kg]{ s'/f atfP . b]zsf] cl:y/ /fhgLlts} sf/0fn] ubf{ g]kfnL rnlrqsf] Jofkf/df clxn] o:tf] x|f; cfPsf] / r'gfj eP/ b]zdf zflGt ePdf ;a} s'/f cfkm;]cfkm l7s x'g] s'/f pgn] atfP .
To;}u/L sfo{qmddf xf:o snfsf/ lht' g]kfnn] b]zdf zflGt rflxPsf] / r'gfj dxTjk"0f{ ljifo ePsf] atfpFb} /fhf, bn / dfcf]jfbL ldn]/ b]zdf lbuf] zflGtkgf ug'{kg]{df hf]8 lbPsf lyP .
csf{ jl/i7 nf]s ufos gGbs[i0f hf]zLn] eg] clxn]sf] lg/+s'z zf;gdf bnx?n] r'gfjdf efu glng] 3f]if0ff u/]sf] l:yltdf s'g} klg xfntdf r'gfj x'g g;Sg] / olb r'gfj eOxfn] klg Tof] lgikIf gx'g] s'/f JoQm u/] .
sfo{qmddf nf]stflGqs rnlrqsdL{ ;+3sf ;lrj tyf rnlrq lgb]{zs gLnx/L sfkm\n]n] /fhf lg/+s'z ePsf] a]nfdf clxn] s'g} klg xfntdf r'gfj x'g gx'g] s'/f JoQm ub}{ eg] …clxn] d'n'sdf k|hftGq 5}g . )$& sf] ;+lwjfg lqmoflzn 5}g . /fhfn] cfkm\gf] dgv'zL /fHo rnfO/x]sf 5g\ . bnx?n] r'gfjdf efu glng] ePsf 5g . o:tf] cj:yfdf aGb'ssf] ann] dfq} of] ;/sf/n] r'gfj u/fpg ;S5 < of] r'gfj lgof]hLg gf6s dfq xf] . of] g]kfnL hgtfsf] lxtdf 5}g .
To;}u/L xfF:osnfsf/ bLks/fh lu/Ln] clxn] k|hftGq Kof/fnfOl;; ePsf] cj:yfdf /x]sf] s'/f atfpFb} cfk'mn] ;DejtM r'gfjdf ef]6 gxfNg] s'/f JoQm u/] . ;a} bnx? ldn]/ k|hftflGqs k4ltn] r'gfjdf efu lnP dfq Tof] ;fy{s x'g] s'/f klg pgn] atfP .
sfo{qmddf gflos hn zfxn] ;a} ldn]/ d'n'sdf zflGt :yfkgf ug'{kg]{ s'/fdf hf]8 lbFb} elgg r'gfj x'g'kb{5 . r'gfj x'g' g} zflGtsf] af6f]lt/ nDsg' xf] . r'gfjdf ef]6 xfNg kfpg' kg]{ xfdL ;Dk"0f{ g]kfnLx?s]f clwsf/sf] s'/f xf] . pgn] r'gfj ;kmn kfg{ ;a}nfO{ cfJxfg klg ul/g\ .
To:t}, csL{ rlr{t gflos em/gf yfkn] klg r'gfj x'g'kg]{ s'/fdf hf]8 lbFb} r'gfjn] zflGt :yfkgf ug{ ;Sg] cfzf /x]s]f s'/f atfOg .
;+uLtsf/ dx]z v8\sf rflxF r'gfjsf] lj/f]wdf v/f] ?kdf k|:t't eP . clxn]sf] lg/+s'z /fHo ;Qfn] ug{ nfu]sf] of] r'gfj s'g} lglxt :jfy{l;l4sf nflu dfq ug{ nfluPsf] csf]{ gf6s xf] eGb} pgLn] cufl8 yk] s;sf nflu r'gfj ug]{ < hasL k|d'v /fhgLlts bnx?n] r'gfjdf efu glng] 3f]if0ff u/]sf 5g\ . clg, r'gfj ePdf /Qmkft dRrfpg] s'/f ljb|f]xL kIfx?n] ul//x]sf 5g\ . hgtf dfg{sf nflu r'gfj ug]{ < olb r'gfj ug]{ g} xf] eg] To;df ;a} /fhgLlts bnx? ;+nUg x'g'k5{ clg clxn]sf] lg/+s'z ;Qfsf] klg kl/Iff x'g'kb{5 . d of] lg/+s'z r'gfjsf] lj/f]wdf 5' . lj/f]w u5'{ rfx] d}n] uf]nL vfg g} lsg gk/f]; .
l/kf]6{;{ Snasf cWoIf Clif wdnfsf] ;efkltTjdf ;DkGg pQm sfo{qmddf ag]kf gu/kflnsfsf k"j{ d]o/ tyf nf]slk|o gfos /ljGb| v8\sfn] clxn]sf] r'gfj ckl/xfo{ ePsf] s'/f JoQm ub}{ cfk'm d]o/ x'Fbfv]l/ ef]u]sf cg'ejx?sf] cfwf/df klg of] r'gfj lgs} g} ckl/xfo{ ePsf] / ;a} g]kfnL ldn]/ of] r'gfj wfFwnL/lxt ?kdf ;DkGg ug{sf nflu cfJxfg klg u/] . pgn] eg] /fhgLlts bnx?n] ;fFRr} g} hgtfsf] enf] rfxG5g eg] r'gfjdf efu lng'kb{5 .
sfo{qmddf rnlrq lgb]{zs tyf nf]stflGqs rnlrqsdL{ tLy{ yfkfn] r'gfjsf] tLa| lj/f]w u/] . pgsf] syg lyof] of] ;/sf/n] r'gfj ug{ ;S5 eg] lsg gu/kflnsfsf] dfq} ug]{ < :yfgLo lgsfosf] lgjf{rg ug{ lsg g;Sg] < lst gu/kflnsfdf hgtf dfq} g]kfnL x'g < r'gfj ug]{ eP ;a} bnx?n] efu lng'kb{5 . k'/} 7fpFdf r'gfj x'g'kb{5 . To;sf/0f clxn]sf] of] ;/sf/n] ug{ nfu]sf] r'gfjsf] s'g} cf}lrTo 5}g . o;af6 b]zdf zflGt xf]Og cem /Qmkft dfGb5 . xfdL snfsf/x?n] k'/} ;fF9] b'O{ s/f]8 g]kfnLx?sf] lxtsf vflt/ af]Ng'k5{ . lg/+s'ztfsf] dltof/ aGg' x'Fb}g . To;}n] d of] r'gfjsf] s'g}cy{ b]lVbgF .
rnlrq lgb]{zs tyf lgdf{tf o'j/fh nfdfn] clxn] g]kfnL hgtfn] b]zdf zflGt dfq} rflx/x]sf] tyf g]kfnL hgtfnfO{ r'gfj;Fu s'g} ;/f]sf/ gePsf] s'/f atfpFb} r'gfj bnx?sf nflu xf] t/ bnx?n] g] efu lnb}gf} egL/x]sf] a]nfdf r'gfj eP klg geP klg kl/0ffd vl08t cfpg] / Tof] kl/0ffdn] lxt gug]{ s'/f JoQm u/] . pgn] /fli6«o ;xdltdf guP;Dd r'gfjsf] dxTj 5}g eGb} df3 !( cl3;Dd bnx? r'gfjsf] kIfdf eP klg clxn] pgLx? g} r'gfjsf] ljkIfdf /x]sf] s'/f atfpFb} /fli6«o ;xdlt u/]/ dfq lgjf{rg alxisf/df plqPsf 5g\ . dfcf]jfbLx?n] klg r'gfj ljyf]N5f} eg]sf 5g\ . o:tf] cj:yfdf r'gfj u/]/ s]xL kmfObf 5}g . –wd{/fh clwsf/Laf6
…;lRrtzdz]/n] h] af]n] klg ljjfbÚ
sf7df8f} . /fhkl/ifb\ :yfoL ;ldltsf ;b:o ;lRrtzDz]/ /f0ffn] clxn] hxfF h] afn] klg e|flGtk'/x?n] To;nfO{ ljjfbf:kb agfpg] s'r]i6f ub}{ cfPsf 5g\ . /f0ffn] af]n]sf x/]s s'/fnfO{ tf]8df]8 ub}{ /f0ffnfO{ ljjfbdf kfg{ vf]Hg' pgLx?sf] lbgrof{ g} ePsf] 5 . o;}qmddf /f0ffn] ;/sf/n] s'g} klg xfntdf r'gfj ;DkGg ug'{kg]{ atfpFb} r'gfj alxisf/df nfUg] bnx?nfO{ cft+ssf/Lsf] dltof/sf ?kdf ;hfoF x'g'kg]{ atfpg'ePsf] 5 . pxfFn] hgtfs} cfu|xcg';f/ >L % af6 r'gfj ;DkGg ug]{ x's'd ul/aS;]sf] atfpFb} r'gfjsf nflu ;'/Iffsf] l:ylt ;'b[9 ePsf] atfpg'eof] .
/fhwfgLdf cfof]lht Ps sfo{qmddf af]Nb} /f0ffn] k|hftGqsf] d'6'g} lgjf{rg ePsfn] bnx?n] lgjf{rgaf6 efUg gx'g] atfpg'eof] . pxfFn] eGg'eof] >L % af6 k|hftGqsf nflu lgjf{rgsf] 3f]if0ff ul/aS;]sf] xf] eg] bnx? lsg lgjf{rgaf6 efUg] < r'gfjsf] tof/L /xFb} ubf{ ePsf ljikmf]6gsf 36gfnfO{ l56k'm6 eGb} pxfFn] 7"nf 7"nf 36gf ePklg lgjf{rg :ylut gx'g] atfpg'eof] . pxfFsf] c8fg lyof] r'gfj h'g;'s} xfntdf klg ;DkGg ug'{k5{ . g]kfndf k|hftGq ePsf] atfpFb} pxfFn] s'6gLlts cIfdtfsf sf/0f g]kfnsf] jf:tljstfaf/] ljb]zdf hfgsf/L u/fpg g;lsPsf] atfpg'eof] . pxfFn] eGg'eof] xfd|f] s'6gLlts s]xL sdhf]/ ePsf] 5 . >L % sf] sbdk|lt ?;, kfls:tfgnufotsf ldq/fi6«x?n] eO/x]sf] klg pxfFsf] syg lyof] . ef/tnufotsf s]xL d'n'sn] g]kfndf k|hftGq 5}g eGg' /fi6«k|lt O+lst ub}{ eGg'eof] s] pxfFx? kfls:tfg, jdf{ / e'6fg h:tf d'n'sdf k|hftGq 5}g ef/tLo g]tfx?n] xfn} g]kfndf nf]stGqsf] axfnLsf af/]df /fv]sf wf/0ffk|lt O+lst ub}{ ef/tn] cfGtl/s :jfy{sf nflu g]kfndf uf]ndfn agfO/xg rfx]sf] cf/f]k nufpg'eof] . pxfFn] eGg'eof] ef/tLo g]tfx? g]kfndf uf]nfdf eO/xf]; eGg] rfxFbf/x]5g, dfcf]jfbL g]tfx? ef/td} 5g / dfcf]jfbLn] ad / af?b klg ef/taf6} leq\fpg] u/]sf 5g\ . ljutdf g]kfnnfO{ !!^ /fi6«n] zflGtIf]qsf] k|:tfj kfl/t ePsf] eP cfh d'n'sdf of] l:yltg} cfpFb}gYof] . dfcf]jfbLn] xltof/ Tofu]dfq jftf{ x'g;Sg] klg pxfFn] atfpg'eof] . l/kf]6{;{ Snasf cWoIf Clif wdnfsf] ;efkltTjdf ;DkGg ;fIffTsf/ sfo{qmddf af]Nb} jg tyf e" ;+/If0f dGqL ;lndldof cG;f/Ln] dfG5] dg]{ / afFRg] k|lqmof hf/L /x]klg lgjf{rg :ylut gx'g] atfpg'eof] . pxfFn] s;}n] 8/ qf; k}bf u/]/ r'gfj /f]Sg g;Sg] atfpg'eof] . r'gfjdf efu glng] bnx?sf] cfsf/ 36\g] atfpFb} dGqL cG;f/Ln] ;/sf/sf] bfloTj r'gfjsf nflu zflGt;'/Iffsf :yflkt ug]{ ePsfn] ;/sf/ h'g;'s} xfntdf klg zflGt;'/Iff :yflkt ug{ ;Ifd /x]sf] atfpg'eof] . d'n'sdf ljb]zLsf] k};fsf] af9L cfPsf] atfpFb} pxfFn] eGg'eof] cfGbf]ngsf/L bnx?nfO{ ljb]zLsf] k};f cfPsf] 5 / pgLx? ljb]zLsf] Ozf/fdf sfo{ ul//x]sf 5g\ . ;Qfdf hfgsf nflu ;ft bn / dfcf]jfbLaLr ckljq u7aGwg ePsf] cf/f]k nufpFb} pxfFn] pQm u7aGwg cfkm} tf]l8g] atfpg'eof] . pxfFn] eGg'eof] ha{h:tL / ank"j{s ;Qfdf hfg] lrGtg d'n'sdf JofKt 5 . d'n'sdf u[xo'4 /x]sf] :jLsf/ ub}{ pxfFn] jf:tljstfnfO{ tf]8df]8 u/L a9fOg] ul/Psf] klg atfpg'eof] . sfo{qmddf af]Nb} hn;|f]t ;xfosdGqL ljgf]bs'df/ zfxn] lgjf{rgnfO{ :jtGq, lgikIf / wfFwln/lxt ?kdf ;DkGg ug{ ;/sf/n] Uof/]G6L lng] atfpg'eof] . pxfFn] d'n'sdf h'g;'s} xfntdf klg lgjf{rg ;DkGg ul/5f8\g ;/sf/ k|lta4 /x]sf] klg atfpg'eof] . pxfFn] eGg'eof] lgjf{rg s;n] 3f]if0ff u/\of] eGg] d'nljifo xf]Og, s;/L ;DkGg ug]{ eGg] d'n ljifo xf] . lx+;f x'Fbf klg lgjf{rg x'g] atfpFb} dfcf]jfbLn] lx+;f / xTofnfO{ cfkm\gf] rl/qg} agfPsf] cf/f]k nufpg'eof] . gu/ lgjf{rgn] /fli6«o /fhgLltnfO{ k|efj kfg]{ atfpFb} pxfFn] dfcf]jfbLn] s'g}klg xfntdf lgjf{rg efF8\g g;Sg] bfjL ug'{eof] . pxfFn] g]kfnsf] Oltxf;d} klxnf]k6s lgikIf lgjf{rg x'g uO/x]sf] atfpg'eof] . g]kfn ;b\efjgf kf6L{sf dxf;lrj b]j]Gb| ld>n] gu/ lgjf{rgsf nflu ;/sf/n] ;'/Iff lbg]df cfk'mx? ljZj:t ePsfn] lgjf{rgdf efu lng] atfpg'eof] . hgtf lgjf{rgdf efu lngsf nflu nfnflot eO/x]sf] atfpFb} pxfFn] eGg'eof] jt{dfg ;/sf/n] zflGt ;'/Iff lbg ;Sg]df hgtf cfZj:t eO;s]sf 5g\ . pxfFn] h'g;'s} cj:yfdf klg r'gfj ;DkGg u/L k|hftflGqs k|lqmofnfO{ cufl8 a9fpg'kg]{ atfpg'eof] . pxfFn] lgjf{rg alxisf/ ug]{ bnx?nfO{ hgtfn] 7]ufg nufpg] klg atfpg'eof] . pxfFn] eGg'eof] dfcf]jfbL;Fu ldn]/ lgjf{rg alxisf/ ug{ p4t bnx?nfO{ hgtfn] 7]ufg nufpg]5g . cfkm\gf] bnsf] cfufdL k'; @^ ut] s]Gb|Lo sld6Lsf] a}7s a:g] atfpFb} pxfFn] gu/ lgjf{rgsf pDd]bjf/x?sf] gfdfjnL af/] klg Jofks 5nkmn ul/g] atfpg'eof] .
k|hftflGqs g]kfnsf dxf;lrj an/fd yfkfn] lgjf{rgdf ;xefuL x'g'sf] ljsNk gePsf] atfpFb} lgjf{rgsf nflu ;/sf/n] jftfj/0f ;xh agfpg'kg]{ atfpg'eof] . pxfFn] lgjf{rgdf ;a} bn ;xefuL x'g;Sg] jftfj/0fsf] lgdf{0f ug'{kg]{ atfpFb} /fhgLlts oyfy{nfO{ dxz'; gu/]df l:ylt emg hl6n aGg] r]tfjgL lbg'eof] . pxfFn] eGg'eof] ;QfkIfn] lgjf{rgdf ;a}sf] ;xeflutfsf nflu kxn u/f];\ . ;/sf/n] bnx?;Fu cljnDa ;+jfbsf] yfngL ug'{kg]{df pxfFsf] hf]8 lyof] . ;a}n] Psf]xf]/f] x7 TofUg'kg]{ atfpFb} pxfFn] pbf/tf b]vfP/ jftf{sf] 6]a'ndf cfpg'kg]{ atfpg'eof] .
ca g]kfnu~hdf lgb]{zg lbghfg] kfnf]
:yfgLo ljsf;dGqL 9sfnsf] bf}8w'k a9\bf]
hgsk'/ . ;"rgf tyf ;~rf/ dGqL x'Fbf klg ;a}eGbf a9L v6\g] dGqL eg]/ lrlgg] / xfn :yfgLo ljsf; dGqL 6+s 9sfnn] cfufdL gu/ lgjf{rgdf Jojwfg pTkGg u/fpg vf]Hg] lj?4 s7f]/ sf/jfxL ul/g] r]tfjgL lbg' ePsf] 5 .
hgsk'/df cfof]lht kqsf/ e]63f6 sfo{qmddf af]Nb} dGqL 9sfnn] &@ btf{ /fhgLlts bn lgjf{rgdf efu lng tof/ ePsf], dtbftf dtbfg ug{ tof/ /x]sf], lgjf{rg cfof]u :jtGq / lgikIf ?kdf lgjf{rg u/fpg / ;/sf/ zflGt ;'/Iffsf] Joj:yf ug{ tof/ eO;s]sf] cj:yfdf r'gfj gx'g] k|Zg g} cfpFb}g eGg'eof] .
dGqL 9sfnn] cfkm\gf] cl:tTj arfpg rfxg] ;j} /fhgLlts bnn] lgjf{rgdf efu lng' kg]{ atfpg' eof] . pxfFn] ;/sf/n] ufpF ljsf; ;ldltdf klg hgk|ltlglwsf] Joj:yf ug]{ tof/L ul//x]sf] hfgsf/L lb+b} ;j} :yfgLo lgsfodf hgk|ltlglwsf] Joj:yf kl5 ljsf; lgdf{0f sfo{df ltj|tf cfpg] ljZjf; JoQm ug'{ eof] . /fli6«o ljsf; hghfu/0f ;ldltåf/f hgsk'/wfddf cfof]lht cfd;ef Pj+ ;Ddfg
sfo{qmddf af]Nb} :yfgLo ljsf;dGqL 6+s 9sfnn] cfufdL df3 @^ ut] x'g] gu/ lgjf{rgdf efu lngsf nflu cfu|x ug'{ eof] .
dGqL 9sfnn] r'gfj :jtGq, lgikIf / wf+wnL /lxt lsl;dn] ;DkGg u/fpgsf nflu ;/sf/n] lgjf{rg cfof]unfO{ x/]s k|sf/sf] ;xof]u ug]{ atfpg' eof] .
>d tyf oftfoft Joj:yf /fHodGqL /ljGb| vgfnn] k|hftGq tyf ;++j}wflgs ult/f]wnfO{ cGTo ug{sf nflu df3 @^ ut] x'g] lgjf{rgdf s;}n] afwf Jojwfg u5{ eg] ;/sf/n] r'k nfu]/ ga:g] atfpg' eof] .
u[x ;xfosdGqL ;f]g]nfn ofbjn] k|hftGqdf ljZjf; /fVg] k|hftflGqs bn r'gfjaf6 efUg' gx'g] atfpg' eof] .
o;}aLr :yfgLo ljsf;dGqL 6ª\s 9sfnn] k|hftflGqs cEof;sf] dxTjk"0f{ sfo{ lgjf{rgnfO{ ;kmn kfg{ o'jfzlQmsf] 7"nf] e"ldsf /x]sf] atfpg'ePsf] 5 .
>L % o'j/fhflw/fhsf] #%cf}F z'ehGdf]T;jsf] cj;/df g]kfn o'jf ;dfhåf/f sf7df8f}+df cfof]lht …jt{dfg cj:yfdf r'gfjsf] ckl/xfo{tfÚ ljifos 5nkmn sfo{qmddf dGqL 9sfnn] ;/sf/n] r'gfj zflGtk"0f{ / lgikIf¿kdf ;DkGg u/fpg] b[9tf JoQm ug'{eof] .
;f] cj;/df pxfFn] c~rn k|zf;s k|f=8f=z]v/ u'?ª, >d tyf oftfoft Joj:yf dGqfnosf ;lrj bLk]Gb|ljqmd yfkf, ;dfh;]jL dy'/f s]=;L=nufot !& dxfg'efjnfO{ ;Ddfg ug'{sf ;fy} tLg ckfª\unfO{ lXjnlro/ ljt/0f ug'{eof] .
sfo{qmddf ;dfhsf cWoIf ;Ltf/fd sfsL{n] b]zsf o'jfhut\nfO{ l;h{gfTds sfo{df nfUg k|]l/t ug'{sf ;fy} ;dfhn] zflGt / /fli6«o Pstf hfu/0fsf sfo{qmd ub}{ cfPsf] atfpg'eof] .
o;}qmddf dGqL 9sfn kf}if @( / df3 ! ut] g]kfnu~hdf cfof]hgf x'g] dWoklZrdf~rn / ;'b'/ klZrdf~rnsf If]qLo k|zf;s, c~rn k|zf;s, lhlj; ;efklt, pk;efklt ;lxt cGo ;/sf/L lgsfosf k|d'vx?sf] If]qLo ;Dd]ngdf To;tkm{ hfg'x'g] ePsf] 5 . k|d'v cltlysf ?kdf >L 9sfnn] ToxfF lgb]{zg lbg'x'g] sfo{qmd 5 .
bnx?nfO{ ;xof]u k'¥ofpg sl:;P/ nfUgf]; M :yfgLo ljsf;dGqL
>L % lj?4sf] lqmofsnfk d'n'ss} nflu b'ef{Uok"0f{M u[xdGqL
sf7df8f} . /fk|kfsf jl/i7 g]tf t/ kz'klt zDz]/ ha/fsf] cfFvf nfu]/ c? bzhgf;Fu} /fk|kfaf6 lgisfl;t;Ddsf] lxhf] sf/jfxLsf] 3f]if0ff ul/Psf u[xdGqL sdn yfkfn] >L % dxf/fhflw/fhsf] g]t[Tjdf ag]sf] jt{dfg ;/sf/sf] sfo{sfndf /fhgLlts bnx? gful/s ;dfh ;+~rf/ hutn] ;j}eGbf a9L k|hftflGqs xs / clwsf/sf] pkef]u ul//x]sf]] atfpg' ePsf] 5 .
:yfgLo ljsf; dGqfnoåf/f xfn} nlntk'/df cfof]lht dWodf~rn ljsf; If]qsf lhNnf ljsf; ;ldltsf ;efklt Pj+ pk;efkltx?sf] Pslbg] If]qLo cled'vLs/0f sfo{qmdnfO{ ;Daf]wg ub}{ u[xdGqL yfkfn] clxn] b]zdf k|hftGq 5}g eg]/ cfGbf]ng ul//x]sf /fhgLlts kf6L{x? :jo+n] k|hftflGqs xs –clwsf/sf] pkof]u ul//x]sf 5g\ , h'g s'/f hgtfn] b]lv/x]sf 5g\ eGg' eof] .
b]zdf tLa|ultn] al9/x]sf] cft+s lgoGq0f ug]{ zflGt :yfkgf ug]{ / k|hftGqnfO{ ;'b[9 ug]{ k|d'v p2]Zosf ;fy >L % dxf/fhflw/fhaf6 afWoeP/ df3 !( ut] sbd rflnaS;]sf] pNn]v ub}{ u[xdGqL yfkfn] df};"kmsf] pbf/tf / ;bf;otfnfO{ e|d k}bf u/]/ c;kmn kfg]{ ls|ofsnfkdf nfUg' d'n'ss} nfuL b'ef{Uok"0f{ ePsf] atfpg' eof] .
clxn] hgtfn] zflGt rflx/x]sf 5g\ / ;/sf/ klg zflGt :yfkgf ug]{ k|of;df nflu/x]sf] 5 eGb} u[xdGqL yfkfn] To;nfO{ ljyf]Ng] k|of; ;ft /fhgLlts kf6L{af6 e}/x]sf] s'/f hgtfn] a'em]sf sf/0fn] g} pgLx?sf] cfGbf]ngnfO{ zflGt rfxg] hgtfn] ;fy glbPsf x'g eGg' eof] .
u[xdGqL yfkfn] clxn] b]zdf k|ltgLlt ;efsf] cefj 5 Tof] afx]s ;a} k|hftflGqs k|lqmof oyfjt lqmoflzn
5g\ / k|hftflGqs ;+ljwfg klg k"0f{?kdf lqmoflzn 5 eGb} b]zdf e}/x]sf] k|hftGqnfO{ ;ft kf6L{n] :yfkgf u5f}{ eGg'sf] s'g} cy{ /x+b}g eGg' eof] .
b]zsf ;ljwfg / k|hftGq dfly cfqmd0f ul//x]sf dfcf]jfbL cft+ssf/L;+u xft]dfnf] u/]/ ;ft /fhgLlts kf6L{ lx+l8/x]sf] hgtfn] b]lv/x]sf 5g\ eGb} u[xdGqL yfkfn] ljrlnt dgfl:ylt / afx\o k|efjsf cfwf/df dfcf]jfbL / ;ft /fhgLlts kf6L{aLr ePsf] ck|fs[lts u7aGwgn] b]z / k|hftGqnfO{ kmfObf gug]{ Tof] nfdf] ;do;Dd l6Sg g;Sg] klg atfpg' eof] .
b]zdf ljBdfg ;+a}wflgs ;+s6sf] lgaf/0f ug{ / ljtub]lv cj?4 ePsf] @ s/f]8 %) nfv hgtfsf] lg0f{o ug]{ clwsf/nfO{ km]l/ lqmoflzn t'Nofpg lgjf{rg g} pko'Qm dfWod xf] eGb} u[xdGqL yfkfn] cfufdL df3 @^ ut] x'gnfu]sf] gu/kflnsf lgjf{rg / csf]{ jif{ x'g] k|ltgLlw;efsf] lgjf{rgnfO{ ;kmntfk"j{s ;DkGg ug]{tkm{ nfUg lhNnf ljsf; ;ldltsf ;efklt Pj+ pk;efkltx?nfO{ cfu|x ug'{eof] .
sfo{qmddf :yfgLo ljsf; dGqL 6+s 9sfnn] gu/kflnsf lgjf{rgsf nfuL 6f]n 6f]n / j8f–j8fdf jftfj/0f agfpg],dtbftfsf] dgf]an pRr kfg]{ / lgjf{rgdf efulng] ;a} /fhgLlts kf6L{nfO{ ;xof]u k'¥ofpg] sfddf sl:;P/ nfUg lhNnf ljsf; ;ldltsf ;efklt, pk;efklt Pj+ /fi6«;]jsx?nfO{ cfu|x ug'{eof] .
dGqL 9sfnn] lgjf{rg cfrf/ ;+lxtfnfO{ Wofgdf /fv]/ lhNnf lhNnfdf ;+rfng x'g] ljsf;– lgdf{0fsf sfo{qmdx?nfO{ OdfGbf/Lk"j{s s'zntfsf;fy ;DkGg ug{ klg cfu|x ug'{ eof] .
:yfgLo ljsf; ;xfos dGqL /f]zg sfsL{n] cfufdL gu/ lgjf{rgdf a9L eGbf a9L hgtfnfO{ ;xefuL u/fpg / hgrfxgf cg'?ksf ljsf; lgdf{0fsf sfo{nfO{ clwa9fpg lhNnf ljsf; ;ldltsf ;efklt Pj+ pk;efkltx?nfO{ cfu|x ug'{ eof] .
nlntk'/ lhNnf ljsf; ;ldltsf ;efklt alb| axfb'/ s]=;L =sf] ;efkltTjdf ePsf] ;f] sfo{qmddf gf/fo0fL c+rn k|zf;s k|hfklt sf]O/fnf tyf :yfgLo ljsf; dGqfnosf ;lrj o'j/fh kf08]n] klg dGtJo JoQm ug'{ ePsf] lyof] .
o;}aLr ;'/Iffsf] l:yltnfO{ ;'b[9 t'Nofpg]qmddf ;'/IffsdL{x¿af6 s8fO{sf ;fy ;r{ tyf ;'/Iff hfFr ug{ nufOPsf] x'Fbf ;hutf ckgfpg / cfk\mgf] 3/, 5/l5d]s tyf ;fj{hlgs :yndf s'g} klg lsl;dsf] zª\sf:kb ultljlw b]lvPdf / ;'/Iff ;xof]usf] cfjZostf k/]df tTsfn} u[xdGqfnosf] lgoGq0f sIfdf ;Dks{ /fVg ;f] dGqfnon] xflb{s cg'/f]w u/]sf] 5 .
;Dks{sf nflu lgoGq0f sIfsf] 6]lnkmf]g g+=$–@!!@)* tyf $–@!!@!$, pkTosf k|x/L lgoGq0f sIfsf] kmf]g g+=!)) / $–@@^*%# tyf pkTosf k[tgf x]8Sjf6/sf] 6]lnkmf]g g+=$–@@)))) / !)% sf] Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5 .
s]xL lbg cufl8 sf7df8f}+sf] ;fj{hlgs :ynx¿df n'sfO/fv]sf] cj:yfdf xltof/ / uf]nLu6\7f k]mnf k/]sf] tyf xTof, lx+;f / cftª\ssf] af6f] lnPsf ;d"xn] pkTosfaflx/sf s]xL lhNnfdf lj:kmf]6gsf 36gfx¿ u/fPsf / o;lsl;dsf] cjf~5gLo sfo{ sf7df8f}+df klg ug{;Sg] vj/x¿ k|fKt x'g cfPsf]n] ;'/Iff Joj:yfnfO{ ;'b[9 t'Nofpg pQm sbd rfNg'k/]sf] ;f] dGqfnon] :ki6 u/]sf] 5 .
dGqfnon] ;'/Iff sfo{df hg;xof]usf] ;b}j ck]Iff /fv]sf] hgfpFb} ;r{ tyf ;'/Iff hfFraf6 s'g} lsl;dsf] c;'ljwf kg{ uPdf o;nfO{ ;xh¿kdf lnOlbg;d]t cfu|x u/]sf] 5 .
dGqfnon] sf7df8f}F pkTosfdf zflGt ;'/Iffsf] l:ylt ;fdfGo t'NofO/fVg, ;j{;fwf/0fsf] hLpwgsf] ;'/Iff ug{ / ;'/Iff ;xof]u pknAw u/fpg]h:tf dxTjk"0f{ Pj+ ;+j]bgzLn sfo{df kl/rflnt ;'/IffsdL{x¿nfO{ cfkm\gf] sfo{;Dkfbg ug{ k|fKt hg;xof]usf nflu s[t1tf klg 1fkg u/]sf] 5 .
g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3 ;ftbnsf] Sna gagf];
sf7df8f} . g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3n] cl3Nnf] ;f]daf/ !$ hgf jl/i7 kqsf/nfO{ cg'zf;gsf] sfo{jfxL ug]{ axfgfdf kqsf/ dxf;+3df hË z}nL k|bz{g u/]sf]df ;j{q To;sf] lj/f]wsf :j/x? pl7/x]sf 5g\ .
Joj;foL xslxtsf nflu vf]lnPsf] g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3 ;'?df :jtGq ;+:yfsf ?kdf b]lvPtf klg tTsflng dxf;+3sf ;efklt tf/fgfy bfxfnsf] ;do b]lv dxf;+3nfO{ sfFu|]; Pdfn]sf] eft[ ;+u7gsf] ?kdf cufl8 a9fO{ o;nfO{ abgfd ub}{ /fhgLlts cf:yfsf] s]Gb|sf ?kdf cufl8 a9fO{/x]sf] / To;n] Joj;flos xslxtdf eGbf klg kf6L{ut kqsfl/tf tkm{ 9Ns]kl5 s]xL dlxgf cufl8 Joj;flos xslxtsf nflu /fli6«o kqsf/ dxf;+3 kqsf/x?n] vf]ln;s]sf 5g\ . t/ ;f] b]Vg g;s]kl5 / lhNnflhNnfaf6 ;d]t g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3sf] /j}ofsf] lj/f]wsf :j/x? 3lGsg yfn]kl5 ut ;f]daf/ dxf;+3sf] s]Gb|Lo g]t[Tjn] s]xL kqsf/nfO{ cg'zf;gsf] gfddf :kli6s/0f dfu]/ cem} dxf;+3 leq tfgfzfxL k|j[lQ nfb\g vf]h]sf] 5 .
;Rrf kqsf/x?nfO{ kfvf nufO{ dxf;+3nfO{ Joj;flos ynf] agfpgsf] ;§f ;ftbnsf] Sna3/ h:tf] agfpg vf]h]sf] cf/f]k kqsf/x?n] nufO{/x]sf 5g . o;/L g} lj/f]wL / cfkm\gf] cf:yf / /fhg}lts ljrf/ gldNg] kqsf/nfO{ olb dxf;+3n] cg'zf;gsf gfddf kfvf nufpFb} hfg] vt/gfs rfn rNb} hfg] xf] eg] dxf;+3 s'g} kf6L{sf] e|ft[ ;+u7g eGbf km/s b]lvb}g / 7"nf] ;+3if{ / n8fO{ kl5 :jtGq ag]sf] ;a} cf:yf / ljrf/sf kqsf/x? clxn];Dd c6]sf] kqsf/ dxf;+3 s]jn sfFu|]; / Pdfn]sf ehg d08nL kf6L{ kqsf/x?sf] dfq ;+u7g gxf]nf eGg ;lsb}g o;} eGb}5g kqsf/x? .
o;/L cf:yf / ljrf/sf e/df dxf;+3n] sfo{jfxL ug]{ vt/gfs rfn /Rg'sf] k5fl8 dxf;+3nfO{ e|ft[ ;+u7g agfpg]x?s} rfn /x]sf] l6Kk0fL :jtGq kqsf/x?n] u/L/x]sf 5g . o;af/]df xfdLn] jl/i7 kqsf/ tyf :kli6s/0f ;f]lwPsf kqsf/x?;Fu k|ltlqmof dfUbf ;f]af/]df jl/i7 kqsf/ k|]d s}bL eGg'x'G5 …g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3 a9L /fhgLlts/0f ePsf] 5 . Joj;flos ;+u7gnfO{ /fhgLlts/0f ug'{ / /fhg}lts cv8f agfpg vf]Hg' sbflk /fd|+f] xf]Og . h'g :ki6Ls/0fsf] s'/f 5 Tof] kqsf/x?sf] nflu nfhdbf]{ s'/f 5 . Joj;foL ;+u7gdf s;}n] klg /fhgLlts/0f ug{ vf]Hg' ePg . km/s dt/fVg]n] klg dxf;+3nfO{ /fhgLlt ynf]sf] ?kdf k|of]u ug'{ ePg hf] sf]xL klg /fhgLlt ug]{ eP kf6L{df uP x'G5 . km/s dt /fVb}df sfo{jfbL ul/g' ;/f;/ unt xf] . g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3sf] ljBfg d}n] g} n]v]sf] x'F of] sfo{jfxL ljwfg ljkl/t ePsf] 5 . o:tf] sfo{n] kqsf/sf] Joj;flos xslxt xf]Og åGb ;[hgf u/L Joj;flos ynf]s} abgfd u5{ .Ú
To;}u/L jl/i7 kqsf/ hgwf/0ff ;fKtflxssf ;Dkfbs lgdsfGt kf08]nfO{ ;f] af/]df k|Zg ubf{ pxfF eGg'x'G5 …kqsf/ dxf;+3n] ;a}nfO{ ;d]6\g ;s]sf] 5}g, ljrf/ dfG5]n] h:tf] ;'s} lng;S5g cf:yfs}] cfwf/df :kli6s/0f lng vf]Hg' l7s xf]Og cf:yf h'g;'s} x'g;S5 sf]xL Pdfn] xf]nfg sf]xL sfFu|]; t sf]xL dfcf]jfbL, sf]xL /fhfjfbL o;df :kli6s/0f lng' /fd|f] xf]Og :ki6Ls/0f dfu]/ dxf;+3n] ulNt ul//x]sf]5 .Ú
To;}u/L /fli6«o kqsf/ dxf;+3sf sf=af= cWoIf h;'bf k|wfg eGg'x'G5 …xfn cfP/ g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3 kqsf/x?sf] 5ftf ;+u7g xf]Og eGg] s'/fsf] yk k'li6 kl5Nnf] k6s !$ hgf kqsf/x?nfO{ :ki6Ls/0f ;f]Wg] elgPsf]af6 g} :ki6 x'G5 . lxhf] Clif wdnfnfO{ ;fIfL /fv]/ d;Fu dt dfUg cfpFbf pxfF -aflgofFn]_ dxf;+3df /x]/ s] s] u5'{ eGg' ePsf] lyof] / cfh s] ub}{ x'g'x'G5 < ljho k|fKtL kl5sf] pxfFsf] of]ubfg dxf;+3nfO{ h'6fpg] eGbf k'm6fpg] afx]s s]xL klg /x]g . xfd|f] uNtL lyof] jf lyPg o;sf] n]vf hf]vf Joj;flos kqsfl/tf ug]{ jl/i7 kqsf/x?n] lgZro klg ug'{ x'g]5 eGg] dnfO{ nfu]sf] 5 d 7f]s]/ eG5' of] kqsf/ dxf;+3nfO{ ;kmntfsf ;fy cufl8 a9fpgdf d nufPt d]/f ;fyLx?sf] 7"nf] of]ubfg 5 t/ k|hftGq / dfgj clwsf/sf] ukm 5fF6\g]x?n] csf{sf] k|hftGq / dfgjclwsf/sf] 7f8f] pNn+3g u/]sf 5g\ . g]=k=dxf;+3nfO{ ;kmn agfpg cx+d e"ldsf v]Ng] cu|hx?n] 8n/sf] v]lt u/L kqsfl/tf h:tf] dof{lbt k]zf / dxf;+3nfO{ tx;gx; ug]{x?sf] /fd|f] klxrfg ug'{ kb{5 .Ú
To:t} /fli6«o kqsf/ dxf;+3sf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o Pj+ jl/i7 kqsf/ /fdk|;fb vgfn o;af/]df eGg'x'G5 æg]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3 ;a} kqsf/x?sf] 5ftf ;+u7g aGg' kb{Yof] xfdLn] o;nfO{ 5ftf ;+u7g agfpg lgs} k|of; u¥of} t/ jt{dfg g]t[Tjn] ;a}nfO{ ;d]6\g ;s]g / ;a}nfO{ c6fpg xfNg ;s]g . sfFu|];sf] k|]; o"lgog, Pdfn]sf] k|]; rf}tf/L, ;Dkfbs / k|sfzs dxf;+3 b]lv lnP/ cGo ;+3;+:yf c6fpg ;Sg] g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3df /fli6«o kqsf/ dxf;+3 c6fpg g;Sg' g]t[Tjsf] u}/ lhDd]jf/ kg xf] . xfdLn] cem} klg /fhLgfdf lbPsf 5}gf} . g]kfn kqsf/dxf;+3 lgdf{0f b]lv oxfF;Dd Nofpg'df xfd|f] klg v'g kl;gf sd k/]sf] 5}g t/ :ki6Ls/0f dfUg], sf/jfxL ug]{ wDsL lbg' g]t[Tjsf] k"jf{u|xL lrGtg xf] . olb xfdLnfO{ ;fFRr} lh:sfOG5 eg] b]zJofkL?kdf g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3 w/f;foL aGg] l:ylt cfpg ;S5 t;y{ g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3n] ;dod} a'l4 k'¥ofP/ cf:yfsf cfwf/df sf/jfxL ug]{, wDsfpg] sfd tTsfn aGb u/f]; eGg] d]/f] egfO 5 .Æ
To:t} csf{ s]Gb|Lo ;b:o Pj+ jl/i7 kqsf/ hLj/fd e08f/L eGg'x'G5–æg]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3 ;ftbnsf] kfOvfgf xf] eg]/ cf/f]k ljutdf aflx/ cfpg] u/]sf] lyof] . t/ xfdLnfO{ s] nfu]sf] lyof] eg] g]t[Tjtx bnfn 5 t/ g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3 To:tf] 5}g eGg] lyof] . t/ 36gfqmdn] s] b]vfof] eg] g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3nfO{ ;ftbnsf] kfO{vfgf agfpg] of]hgf /x]5 eGg] cf/f]ksf] k'li6 ePsf] 5 . csf]{s'/f g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3nfO{ xfdL;Fu :ki6Ls/0f ;f]Wg] / lgsfNg] x}l;ot 5}g . xfdL pgLx?af6 lgjf{lrt ePsf xf]Ogf} dgf]lgt ePsf klg xf]Ogf} . sfFu|]; / Pdfn]sf] eft[;+u7g k|]; o"lgog, / k|]; rf}tf/LnfO{ s]xL gug]{ xfdL :jtGq kqsf/nfO{ dxf;+3df s'g} :yfg glbg] if8oGqsf] k'li6 of] 36gfn] u/]sf] 5 . g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3 5ftf ;+u7g / cf:yf s]Gb| x'g ;s]g ;ftbnsf] kfOvfgfdf kl/0ft eof] / xfdLnfO{ g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3n] s]xL lbPsf] 5}g . lg:sg kbf{ xfdL cfkm} cfkm\g} 9+un] 5f]8\5f} p;n] lgsfNg] / /fVg] x}l;ot 5}g .Æ To;}u/L csf{ s]Gb|Lo ;b:o eujfg lqkf7L eGg'x'G5 æb]z e/sf] kqsf/x?sf] Jofj;flos 5ftf ;+u7g kqsf/ dxf;+3 s'g} kf6L{ ljz]ifsf] eft[ ;+u7g h:tf] eO{ lxF8]sf] sf/0f Jofj;flos lxtsf nflu xfdLn] /fli6«o kqsf/ dxf;+3 vf]n]sf xf} t/ cfh xfdLdfly s'g} g]tfsf lgb]{zgdf sfo{jfxL ug{ :ki6Ls/0f dfu u/L 7"nf] uNtL u/L cfkm\gf] ;Ssln?k dxf;+3sf] g]t[Tj txn] kqsf/ ;fd' b]vfO{ cfkm\gf] tfgfzfxL ?k k|:t't u/]sf]df cfZro{ rlst 5f} . olb kqsf/ dxf;+3 ;fFlRrs} Joj;foLs xslxtdf cufl8 a9\g] xf] eg] cfkm\gf] uNtL ;Rrfpg' g} /fd|f] x'G5 .Æ To;}u/L /fli6«o hgd~r ;fKtflxssf k|wfg ;DKffbs tyf /fli6«o kqsf/ dxf;+3sf sf]iffWoIf OGb| l/hfn eGg'x'G5 æg]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3n] ;a} cf:yf / ljrf/ ;d]6\g kg]{df !* c;f]h / df3 !( kl5 dxf;+3nfO{ sfFu|]; / Pdfn]sf] eft[;+u7g jf kf6L{ kqsfl/tf ug]{x?sf] Snadf ?kfGt/0f ug{ nflu k/]sf sf/0f /fli6«o kqsf/ dxf;+3 hGd]sf] xf] /fli6«o kqsf/ dxf;+3df ;a} cf:yf / ljrf/sf kqsf/x? c6]sf 5g / c6\g] 5g of] kqsf/x?sf] ;femf d~r ePsf] 5 . kqsf/ dxf;+3n] xfdLnfO{ :ki6Ls/0f dfUg'sf] s'g} cf}lrTo 5}g xfdL :ki6Ls/0f lbg]jfnf klg 5}gf} ha;Dd kqsf/x?sf] ul/dfdo ;+:yfnfO{ kf6L{ kqsf/x?n] ef6 kqsfl/tfsf] ultljlw ul/ Sna agfO{ /xG5g . ef6 kqsf/nfO{ :ki6L s/0f lbg'sf] cfjZostf klg 5}g / lbg'sf] cf}lrToklg /xb}g . /f=k=d=;+= ;a} cf:yf / ljrf/sf] ;femf d~rsf] ?kdf :yflkt ug]{df xfdL cufl8 al9;s]sf 5f} . o;df s;}sf] 8/ wDsL / sfo{jfxLn] 8/fpg]jfnf 5}gf} . of] gf}6+sL sfo/tfsf] kl/0ffd xf] / ca g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3sf] zlQm sdhf]/ eO;s]sf] 5 . kqsf/x?sf] ljZjf; dxf;+3 k|lt 36\b} uPsf] csf]{ k|df0f klg oxL xf] .Æ To;}u/L csf{ jl/i7 kqsf/ Pj+ /f=k=dxf;+3sf ;lrj s'df/ ofq' eGg'x'G5 æxfdLnfO{ dxf;+3n] dfu]sf] :ki6Ls/0f kq ev{/} k|fKt ePsf] 5 . xfdLnfO{ :ki6Ls/0f dfUg] clwsf/ s]Gb|nfO{ 5}g . dxflwj]zg dxf;+3sf] ;jf]{Rr c+u xf] . ;jf]{Rr c+unfO{ :ki6Ls/0f ;f]Wg] clwsf/ s]Gb|nfO{ s;n] lbof] . xfdL s]Gb|;Fu tkfO{sf] klqsf dfkm{t :ki6Ls/0f dfU5f} . xfd|f] n]jL, z'Nsn] rn]sf] dxf;+3sf] o:tf] vfnsf] /j}of k'R5/sf] k'R5/ aGg] tfgfzfxL /j}of k|j[lQk|lt xfd|f] 3f]/ cfklQ 5 xfdL hlxn] klg j}rfl/s cleJolQm :jtGqtfsf] kIfkflt xf} .Æ
;~rf/ /fHodGqLsf k|Zg} k|Zg Û
sf7df8f} . ;"rgf tyf ;~rf/ /fHodGqL >LzzDz]/ ha/fn] k|hftGqdf s;}n] klg hgtfsf gfddf hgtfsf clwsf/ vf]:g gkfpg] atfpg'ePsf] 5 .
/fli6«o kqsf/ dxf;ª\3 g]kfnåf/f zlgjf/ sf7df08f}df cfof]lht :jfut ;df/f]xdf pxfFn] ax'bnLo Joj:yf cFufN5' eGg]x¿n] cfkm\gf] cg's"n ;+ljwfgsf] JofVof ug{ gldNg] :ki6 ug{'eof] .
/fHodGqL /f0ffn] slxn] /fhfaf6 r'gfj g} gx'g] / slxn] r'gfj g} x'g g;Sg] egL s'n{g] /fhgLlts bnx¿ clxn] cfP/ r'gfj g} x'g lbGgf+} elg/x]sfn] kqsf/x¿n] ltgnfO{ k|Zg ;f]Wg] a]nf cfPsf] 5 eGb} hgtf dtbfg ug{ cft'/ ePsf a]nf dtbfg ug{ lbGgf+} eGg' k|hftflGqstf / ;+j}wflgs gePsf] atfpg'eof] . >L % sf] ;/sf/sf k|jQmf /fHodGqL /f0ffn] kqsf/x¿n] ;f]w]sf k|Zgsf] hjfkmdf dfcf]jfbLn] ;/sf/tkm{ kms{]/ s'/f u/] jftf{sf nflu ljrf/ ul/g] :ki6 ug{'eof] .
dfcf]jfbLn] ;/sf/nfO{ ;Daf]wg u/]/ o'4lj/fd gu/]sfn] pgLx¿n] ;/sf/nfO{ zflGt k|flKtsf nflu df}sf lbPsf] xf]Og eGb} pxfFn] /fHon] /fHoleq o'4lj/fd ug{ gldNg] / o'4lj/fd u/]/ dfcf]jfbLnfO{ h] ug{ klg 5'6 lbg gldNg] pNn]v ug'{eof] . ;"rgf tyf ;~rf/ /fHodGqLn] ljB'tLodfWod k|;f/0f k|fwLs/0f u7g ug{ k|lqmof ;'? eO;s]sf] hfgsf/L lb+b} kqsf/x¿ Jofj;flos x'g'kg{], hgtfnfO{ ;';"lrt
ug{'kg{] / /fhgLlts bnsf] emG8f af]Sg gx'g] ;'emfj klg lbg'eof] .
;f] cj;/df /fli6«o ;dfrf/ ;ldltsf cWoIf kL= v/]nn] kqsf/x¿n] /fi6«lxtsf nflu pNn]Vo of]ubfg lbg'kg{] atfpFb} /fi6«jfbL kqsf/x¿ lgw{Ssk"j{s cl3 a9\g'kg]{df hf]8 lbg'eof] .
dxf;ª\3sf sfo{jfxs cWoIf h;'bf k|wfgn] cfkm\gf] ;+:yf /fli6«otf, k|hftGq / Jofj;flos kqsfl/tfsf nflu ;dlk{t 5 eGg'eof] .
o;cl3 >L % sf] ;/sf/sf k|jQmf ;"rgf tyf ;~rf/ /fHodGqL >LzzDz]/ /f0ffn] cftª\ssf/L dfcf]jfbLåf/f slyt o'4lj/fd eª\u u/]sf ;dfrf/k|lt >L % sf] ;/sf/sf] Wofg cfslif{t ePsf] atfpg'ePsf] 5 .
pxfFn] Ps jQmJo hf/L u/L /fhg}lts bnx¿, gful/s ;dfh tyf cGt/f{li6«o ;d'bfoåf/f af/Daf/ ul/Psf] cfu|xsf afah'b ax'bnLo k|hftGqnfO{ ;'b[9 t'Nofpg] nIocg'¿k lgs6 eljiodf g} x'g nflu/x]sf] gu/kflnsfx¿sf] lgjf{rgnfO{ ljyf]Ng];d]t lgot /fv]/ dfcf]jfbLx¿n] slyt o'4lj/fd eª\u u/]sf] pNn]v ug'{ePsf] 5 .
o;af6 :ki6 x'G5 ls rf/ dlxgf cufl8 ul/Psf] o'4lj/fd /fhg}lts bn, gful/s ;dfh jf cGt/f{li6«o ;d''bfosf] cg'/f]wdf zflGt :yfkgfsf] p2]Zoaf6 clek]|l/t lyPg, jQmJodf pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
Tof] o'4lj/fd s]jn cftª\ssf/Lx¿sf] /0fgLlts rfn dfq lyof] eGb} >L % sf] ;/sf/sf k|jQmf ;"rgf tyf ;~rf/ /fHodGqL /f0ffn] jQmJodf …ut rf/ dlxgfsf] cjlwdf lx+;fTds ultljlwdf sdL cfpg'n] klg b]zdf sfod /x]sf] xTof, lx+;f / cftª\ssf] sf/s dfcf]jfbL g} x'g\ eGg] k|dfl0ft ub{5Ú eGg'ePsf] 5 .
pxfFn] cftª\sjfbnfO{ k/f:t u/L g]kfnL hgtfsf] rfxgfcg'¿k d'n'ssf] lbuf] / e/kbf]{ zflGt :yfkgf ug]{ sfo{df >L % sf] ;/sf/ ;bfe}m+ lqmofzLn / k|ltj4 /xg] :ki6 kfb}{ cl:y/tf / c/fhstf l;h{gf u/L d'n'snfO{ ljv08gtk{m ws]Ng rfxg] cftª\ssf/Lx¿sf] b'ik|of; sbflk ;kmn x'g] 5}g egL b[9tf JoQm ug'{ePsf] 5 .
>L % sf] ;/sf/sf tk{maf6 k|jQmf /f0ffn] cftª\sjfblj?4sf] ;ª\3if{df ;xof]u ug{ /fhg}lts bn, gful/s ;dfh, cfd;~rf/ dfWod, cGt/f{li6«o ;d'bfo tyf ;Dk"0f{ hgtf;Fu xflb{s cg'/f]w klg ug'{ePsf] 5 .
;fy} jQmJodf af6f] la/fPsfx¿nfO{ klg lx+;f, xTof / cftª\s kl/Tofu u/]/ b]zelQmnfO{ ldngljGb'sf ¿kdf :jLsf/ u/L /fli6«o d"nwf/df ;dflxt x'g cfXjfg ul/Psf] 5 .
ef/tLox?sf] csf]{ bafa
sf7df8f} . ef/t slxNo} klg Jojxf/df g]kfnsf] ldq aGg rfxFb}g . ef/tLo g]tfx? wldnf] kfgLdf df5f dfb}{ g]kfndf k}bf x'g] u/]sf hl6n kl/l:yltx?df ;w} bafa lbg], x:tIf]k ug]{, wDsL lbg] / cfkm\gf] :jfy{ k"/f ug]{ e"ldsf lgjf{x ub}{ cfO/x]sf 5g\ . o;}qmddf km]l/ ef/tLo g]tfx?n] g]kfndf zflGt / nf]stGqsf nflu ef/tsf] ;xof]u / ;b\efj /xg] atfpg'ePsf] 5 . pxfFx?n] xTof, lx+;fsf] cGTo u/L bLuf] zflGtsf] :yfkgfsf nflu bn / /fhfaLr ;+jfb x'g'kg]{df hf]8 lbg'ePsf] 5 .
/fhwfgLdf cfof]lht Ps sfo{qmddf af]Nb} ef/tLo sDo"lgi6 kf6L{ -dfS;{jfbL_sf kf]ln6Ao"/f] ;b:o ;Ltf/fd ofr'/Ln] ef/t g]kfndf ;+j}wflgs /fhtGqsf] kIfdf cl8u /x]sf] t/ g]kfnsf] eljiosf] lgwf{/0f g]kfnL hgtfaf6} x'g'kg]{ kIfdf /x]sf] atfpg'eof] . pxfFn] ef/tn] g]kfnsf] /fhgLltdf x:tIf]k gug]{ t/ g]kfndf ljBdfg czflGt k|lt cfk'mx? lrlGtt /x]sf] atfpg'eof] . pxfFn] eGg'eof] nf]stGqsf nflu ef/t g]kfnL hgtfsf] ;+3if{df ;xof]u ug{ tof/ 5 . g]kfndf s] s:tf] Joj:yf x'g'k5{ eGg] lg0f{o g]kfnL hgtfsf] xftdf /x]sf] klg pxfFsf] egfO lyof] . ef/t g]kfndf zflGt :yfkgfsf] nflu ;xof]u ug{ tof/ /x]sf] atfpFb} g]tf or'/Ln] dfcf]jfbLaf6 PstkmL{ o'4lj/fd e+u x'g' b'ef{Uok"0f{ ePsf] l6Kk0fL ug'{eof] . pxfFn] dfcf]jfbLnfO{ xTof, lx+;f 5f]8]/ zflGtk"0f{ ax'bnLo k|lt:kwf{df cfpg cfJxfg ug'{eof] .
pxfFn] eGg'eof] dfcf]jfbLn] lx+;fTds af6f] 5f8]/ nf]stflGqs dfu{ canDag ug'{k5{ .
l/kf]6{;{ Sna g]kfnsf cWoIf Clif wdnfsf] ;efkltTjdf ;DkGg ;fIffTsf/ sfo{qmddf af]Nb} g]tf or'/Ln] g]kfnsf] ljBdfg /fhgLlts ;+s6 ;dfwfgsf nflu g]kfnL hgtf, bn / dfcf]jfbLsf] ;+o'Qm k|of;sf] vfFrf] /x]sf] cf}Nofpg'eof] . dfcf]jfbL ;d:ofsf] ;}lgs ;d:of x'gg;Sg] atfpFb} pxfFn] /fhgLlts ;dfwfg vf]Hg'kg]{ atfpg'eof] . pxfFn] eGg'eof] xfdLn] klg gS;nfO8 ;z:q ljb|f]x ef]u]sf 5f}, To;}n] dfcf]jfbLsf] ;z:q ljb|f]xsf] ;Daf]wg gu/L ;d:of ;dfwfg c;Dej 5 . pxfFn] dfcf]jfbLnfO{ k6s k6s nf]stflGqs dfu{df cfpg clkn ug'{eof] . g]kfnL sfFu|]; k|hftflGqssf] hf/L dxflwj]zgdf cGo ef/tLo g]tfx?sf ;fydf cfpg'ePsf pxfFn] g]kfnL sfFu|];sf ;+:yfks g]tf s[i0fk|;fb e§/fO{nfO{ e]6 ubf{ pxfFn] g]kfndf Ps dlxgf leq k|hftGq k'g{:yfkgf x'g] atfpg'ePsf] v'nf;f klg ug'{eof] . g]kfndf ;ft bnsf cGo g]tfx?;Fusf] e]63f6af6 cfk'm ljutdf eGbf emg\ cfzfjfbL ePsf] pxfFsf] egfO{ lyof] . g]kfn / rLgaLrsf] ;DaGwaf/] ;f]lwPsf] k|Zgdf pxfFn] l4kIfLo ;DaGwsf] Ps ?knfO{ cGo ?kdf g;f]lrg] klg atfpg'eof] . sfo{qmddf af]Nb} ef/tLo hgtf kf6L{sf g]tf ljho hf]nLn] nf]stGqdf xTof / lx+;fsf] s'g} :yfg gx'g] atfpFb} dfcf]jfbLnfO{ lx+;fTds ultljlw TofuL zflGtsf] dfu{df cfpg cfJxfg ug'{eof] . bn / b/af/aLr ;+jfbsf] jftfj/0f aGg'kg]{df hf]8 lbFb} pxfFn] g]kfnsf] eljiosf] lg0f{o g]kfnL hgtfn] ug{ kfpg'kg]{ atfpg'eof] . pxfFn] eGg'eof] nf]stGqdf lx+;fnfO{ s'g} :yfg x'Fb}g . g]kfndf ljBdfg ax'bnLo zf;g / ;+j}wflgs /fhtGqsf] l:ylt /x]sf]df eljiosf] lg0f{ostf{ g]kfnL hgtf ePsf]n] ef/tn] To;sf x:tIf]k gug]{ pxfFsf] egfO lyof] . pxfFn] eGg'eof] xfdL oxfF s'g Joj:yf x'g'k5{ eg]/ lbzflgb]{z ug{ cfPsf xf]Ogf} . g]kfndf /fhgLlts g]tfx?sf] l/xfO{ x'g'kg]{ atfpFb} g]tf hf]nLn] zflGt g]kfn / ef/t b'j}sf] OR5f klg ePsf] atfpg'eof] . pxfFn] eGg'eof] dfcf]jfbLaf6 lx+;f Tofu]sf] ;fj{hlgs 3f]if0ff cfpg'k5{ . aGb'saf6 /fHo;Qf sAhf ug{ g;lsg] atfpFb} pxfFN] ;Qf k|fKt ug{ hgtfsf] dg lhTg'kg]{ atfpg'eof] .
ef/tLo sDo"lgi6 kf6L{sf g]tf kNna;]g u'Ktfn] bnx?n] dfcf]jfbLnfO{ zflGtk"0f{ /fhgLlts d'nwf/df Nofpg'kg]{ atfpg'eof] . g]kfn / g]kfnL hgtf zflGtsf nflu cToflws lrlGtt /x]sf] atfpFb} pxfFn] zflGt :yfkgfsf] lhDd]jf/L bnx?sf] sfFwdf cfPsf] atfpg'eof] . pxfFn] eGg'eof] bnx?n] dfcf]jfbLnfO{ /fhgLlts d"nwf/df Nofpg'k5{ h'g P]ltxfl;s sbd x'g]5 . pxfFn] nf]stGqsf nflu hf/L cfGbf]ngdf ef/tLo hgtfsf] ;dy{g / ;b\efj /xg] klg atfpg'eof] .
sGe];g/ ;f];lni6 k|mG6sf g]tf ljhok|tfk l;+xn] nf]stGqsf nflu ;+3if{ cf–cfkm\g} lsl;dsf] x'g] atfpFb} ef/tLo hgtf g]kfndf nf]stGqsf] :yfkgfsf nflu hf/L cfGbf]ngdf ;xof]u ug{ tof/ /x]sf] atfpg'eof] . g]kfndf nf]stGqsf nflu bnx?eGbf gful/s ;dfh p7]sf]df k|z+;f ub}{ pxfFn] g]kfnL e"ld
afFsL & k]hdf;dfhjfbL cfGbf]ngsf nflu k|]/0ff;|f]t aGg;Sg] atfpg'eof] . dfcf]jfbLnfO{ zflGtsf] dfu{df cfpg cfJxfg ub}{ g]tf l;+xn] bnx?n] zflGtsf nflu ljz]if kxn u/]sf]df klg k|z+;f ug'{eof] . dfcf]jfbLn] ax'bnLo /fhgLlts k|lt:kwf{ dfG5' eGg' P]ltxfl;s 36gf ePsf] atfpFb} pxfFn] bnx?sf] e"ldsfsf] klg k|z+;f ug'{eof] . pxfFn] eGg'eof] dfcf]jfbLn] nf]stflGqs ax'bnLo k|lt:kwf{df cfpF5' eGg' ;fgf] 36gf xf]Og . ef/tLo /fi6«jfbL sfFu|];sf g]tf k|f=8f= /d]z lblIftn] bn / dfcf]jfbLaLrsf] !@ a'Fb] ;dembf/LnfO{ P]ltxfl;s pknlAw ePsf] l6Kk0fL ub}{ dfcf]jfbLnfO{ zflGtk"0f{ /fhgLlts d"nwf/df cfpg cfJxfg ug'{eof] . pxfFn] o'4lj/fd e+u x'g'nfO{ b'ef{Uok"0f{ atfpFb} dfcf]jfbLn] zflGtsf nflu sbd rfNg'kg]{ atfpg'eof] . g]kfndf hf/L nf]stflGqs cfGbf]ngsf] ;dy{g ub}{ pxfFn] bn dfcf]jfbLaLrsf] ;dembf/Ln] nf]stflGqs ;+3if{df phf{ yk]sf] l6Kk0fL ug'{eof] . pxfFn] eGg'eof] bn dfcf]jfbLrsf] !@ a'Fb] ;dembf/L nf]stflGqs cfGbf]ngdf phf{ ag]sf] 5, t/ dfcf]jfbLn] xTof lx+;f TofUg}k5{ . g]kfnsf] eljiosf] lg0f{ostf{ g]kfnL hgtfg} ePsf] atfpFb} g]tf lblIftn] eGg'eof] hgtfsf] OR5fdfly /fhf / bnsf] OR5f x'Gg .
/fi6«jfbL sfFu|];sf ;lrj l8=jL= lqkf7Ln] dfcf]jfbLnfO{ xTof lx+;f TofUg cfJxfg ub}{ /fHon] dfcf]jfbLsf] o'4lj/fdnfO{ j]jf:tf u/]sf]df lj/f]w ug'{eof] . dfcf]jfbLn] o'4lj/fd e+u ug'{sf] bf]if /fHosf] cs{d0otfg} ePsf] cf/f]k nufpFb} pxfFn] eGg'eof] /fHon] k|xf/ u5{ eg] r'k nfu]/ a:g] s'/f klg cfpFb}g . dfcf]jfbLn] rf/ dlxgf l+x+;f 5f8]sf] atfpFb} pxfFn] To;nfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbg g;Sg'df g]kfndf ;/sf/nfO{ lhDd]jf/ 7x/fpg'eof] . ;ft bn / dfcf]jfbLaLr ePsf] !@ a'Fb] ;dembf/Laf6 nf]stflGqs cfGbf]ngdf ;xdlt lgdf{0f ePsf] atfpFb} lqkf7Ln] ef/tLo hgtf g]kfndf hf/L nf]stflGqs cfGbf]ngsf] ;dy{gdf /x]sf] atfpg'eof] .
l/kf]6{;{ Sna g]kfnsf cWoIf Clif wdnfn] g]kfnsf] cfGtl/s ;d:of ;dfwfg ug{ g]kfn cfkm} ;Ifd /x]sf] atfpFb} zflGt / k|hftGq k'g{:yfkgfdf ef/tsf] g}lts ;dy{g cfjZos /x]sf]df hf]8 lbg'eof] . pxfFn] eGg'eof] g]kfnsf] ;z:q 4Gb ;dfwfg ug{ ef/tsf] ;xof]u ckl/xfo{ 5 . pxfFn] b'O{ b]zaLr o'uf}b]lv /xFb} cfPsf] ;DaGwnfO{ cem k|uf9 agfpg klg ax'bnLo k|hftflGqs Joj:yf cfjZos ePsf] atfpg'eof] .
d'Vo ;dfrf/ 
