Kathmandu, Chaitra 04, 2063.

;dfrf/

tLg nfvk6s bf]xf]¥ofOPsf] Pp6f k|ltj4tf

– s]bf/ ;'j]bL

;Demf}tfdf ;+ljwfg;ef

æ;+ljwfg;efsf] dfu{df cl3 a9\g] k|lqmof k|ltlglw;efn] cfjZostf cg';f/ lgwf{/0f ug]{5 .Æ

— k|ltlglw;ef 3f]if0ff @)^# h]7 $

æ;+ljwfg;efsf] ldlt 3f]if0ff ug]{ .Æ

– ;/sf/df dfcf]jfbL cf7 a'“b] ;xdlt )^# c;f/ @

æcfufdL @)^$ h]7leq ;+ljwfg;efsf] lgjf{rg ;DkGg ;DkGg ug]{ u/L ldlt to ug{ cGtl/d dlGqkl/ifb\nfO{ clwsf/ k|bfg ug]{ .Æ

– ;ft bn / dfcf]jfbLaLr lzv/ a}7ssf lg0f{ox? @)^# sflt{s @@

h]7 dlxgfsf nflu ;+ljwfg;efsf] lgjf{rgsf nflu ldlt tf]Sg] s'/f ;j{k|yd sflt{s @@ ut]sf] ;ft bn / dfcf]jfbLaLrsf] P]ltxfl;s elgPsf] ;Demf}tfaf6 ug{ yflnPsf] xf] . To;cl3 klg w]/}k6s ;+ljwfg;efsf] lgjf{rgsf] ldlt h]7 dlxgfleq ul/;Sg] u/L tf]lsg] eGg] s'/f cfO g} /x]sf lyP . t/ To;n] lnlvt ¿kdf cf}krfl/s dfGotf kfPsf] lbg xf] of] .

d'n'ssf] zf;gdf /x]sf oL bnx¿n] lnlvt ¿kdf JoQm u/]sf] ;+ljwfg;ef lgjf{rgsf] ldlt cem} tf]lsPsf] 5}g . lnlvt k|ltj4tf hgfOPsf oL k+lQm ;fj{Hflgs ePsf] lbg r}t $ ;Dd !#@ lbg lalt;s]sf 5g\ . t/ Tof] dlxgf r'gfj x'g ldlt tf]lsg cem} af“sL g} 5 .

/fhg]tfsf k|ltj4tf

h]7 dlxgfdf r'gfj ePg eg] zf;gdf /x]sf ;a} bnsf ;a} g]tfsf k|ltj4tf cfd gful/ssf ;fd' vf]i6f x'g] 5g\ . To;kl5 pgLx¿n] af]n]sf s'/fnfO{ cf}krfl/s txaf6} gful/sx¿n] cf:jLs[t ug'{kg]{ cj:yf cfpg] 5 .

of] Pp6f o:tf] k|ltj4tf xf] h;nfO{ s'g} klg bnsf s'g} klg g]tfn] s'g} klg e]nf, ;df/f]x, cfd;ef, cGtjf{tf{, n]v, a}7s cflb s'g} 7fp“df JoQm ug{ af“sL /fv]sf 5}gg\ . æh]7 dlxgfleq ;+ljwfg;efsf] r'gfj x'G5Æ of] jfSo k|s6 ePsf] / bf]xf]l/Psf] ;+Vof lx;fa ubf{ # nfvk6ssf] ;+Vof lg:sG5 . Pp6f cWoogcg';f/ cf7 bndWo] k|To]s bnsf sDtLdf @) hgf g]tfn] Ps lbgdf sDtLdf !) k6s h]7leq ;+ljwfg;efsf] lgjf{rg x'G5 eGg] jfSo k|s6 ub}{ cfPsf 5g\ . -* X @) = @)) x !) = @!)) x !#@ -lbg_ = @&*%@)_ pgLx¿n] bf]xf]¥ofO–t]x¥ofO{ JoQm u/]sf oL k|ltj4tf cfd;efdf k|ToIf, a}7s, ;ef, cGtjf{tf{ / jQmJo cfd ;~rf/ dfWoddfkm{t b]zJofkL e};s]sf] 5 . s'g} klg g]tfsf d'vaf6 …h]7leq ;+ljwfg;efsf] lgjf{rg x'G5Ú egL k|ltj4tf g;'g]sf hgtfsf] ;+Vof ckjfbdf dfq kfOg]5 . h]7 dlxgfleq ;+ljwfg;efsf] lgjf{rg ;DkGg ug]{ u/L ldlt tf]Sg] egL ;femf ;xdltdf x:tfIf/ ePsf] lbgkl5 JoQm ePsf k|ltj4tfnfO{ dfq oxf“ u0fgfdf /flvPsf] xf] .

s'g} klg Pp6f g]tfn] s'g} klg Ps lbg s'g} klg ljifodf olt w]/}k6s k|ltj4tf JoQm ug]{ u/]sf] of] klxnf] 36gf xf] . To:tf] k|lta4tf t sfof{Gjog ePg eg] ltgLx¿n] JolQmut ¿kdf k|s6 ug]{ cGo k|ltj4tfx¿dfly ljZjf; ug]{ cfwf/ jf:tjdf g} d]l6g] 5 . of] s'g} Ps bnsf s'g} Pp6f g]tfsf] s'/f xf]Og . nf]stGqsf kIfkftL egL lrlgPsf / h;n] cfkm"nfO{ g]t[TjbfoL e"ldsfdf /x]sf] dfg]sf 5g\, tL ;a} oxL 3fgleq kg]{ 5g\ .

Psdtsf] ljifo

h]7 dlxgfleq ;+ljwfg;efsf] lgjf{rg ug]{ k|ltj4tf ;DejtM To:tf] k|ltj4tf xf], hxf“ s;}sf] ljdlt 5}g . ;DalGwt bn / g]tfsf l9nf;':tLhGo sfdn] z+sf k|s6 x'g' cnu s'/f xf] . Psn] csf{dfly o:tf] z+sf k|s6 ug]{ u/]sf 5g\ . t/ Tof] z+sf of] k|ltj4tflj¿4 geP/ k|ltj4tf sfof{Gjogtkm{ ;r]t u/fpg] ;Gbe{df x'g] u/]sf] a'lemPsf] a'emfOg] u/]sf] 5 . To:tf] z+sfafx]s h]7leq ;+ljwfg;efsf] lgjf{rg ug'{x'“b}g eGg] cf7 bn dfq xf]Og, tLafx]ssf Tof] lgjf{rgn] k|ToIf Iflt k'¥ofpg] 7flgPsf /fhf / /fhfjfbLx¿n] klg k|s6 u/]sf 5}gg\ . h]7 dlxgfleq ;DkGg x'g] elgPsf] of] r'gfjn] /fhfsf] 7fp“ /xg] jf g/xg] eGg] lgwf{/0f ub{5 . w]/}h;f] dt gx/g] kIfdf x'g] cg'dfg w]/}lt/af6 ug{ ;lsG5 . /fhfjfbL x“' eGbf dfq} r}t ! ut] latf{df]8df Pp6f bnn] lk6fO vfg'k/]sf] kl5Nnf] pbfx/0f xfdL;“u 5 . To:tf /fhfn] klg æhglgjf{lrt lgsfox¿sf] :yfkgf ug'{k/]sf] 5Æ eGg] ;Gb]z lbP/ of] r'gfjs} kIfdf af]Ng'k/]sf] cj:yf 5 . ;+ljwfg;efsf] of] lgjf{rg hgtfsf] w/f]x/sf ¿kdf kl/lrt 5 . of] r'gfjn] g} hgtfnfO{ jf:tljs b]zsf dflns agfpg] 5 . To;sf/0f klg of] ;j{;Ddt aGg k'u]sf] xf] . vf;u/L hgcfGbf]ngdf ;l/s ePsf ;a} bnn] cf}krfl/s ¿kdf h]7 dlxgfleq ;+ljwfg;efsf] lgjf{rg ;DkGg ul/;Sg] ;+emf}tfnfO{ cfkm\gf] s]Gb|Lo ;ldltsf] a}7sdfkm{t bnut ¿kdf cg'df]bg u/fO;s]sf 5g\ . Tolt dfq xf]Og, …of] ldltdf r'gfj x'g glbg vf]Hg] tŒj k|ltufdL xf], To;sf lj¿4 ;hu /xg egL cfkm\gf] bn / ;xof]uLx¿;d]t ;dIf cfx\jfg gu/]sf lyP . o;n] k|i6 kf5{ . of] ;femf ljifo / k|ltj4tf xf] . o;nfO{ k"/f ubf{ ;a} bn / g]tfsf af]nLargsf] dfg;Ddfg x'g yfNb5 . ;a} bn / ;a} g]tfsf] Pp6} af]nL ePsf] ljifo Oltxf;d} of] klxnf] xf] . hgcfGbf]ngdf ;d]t o:tf] lyPg . cfGbf]ng rln/x]sf a]nf ;8s 5f8]/ s]xL kf6L{ ;/sf/df uPsf s'/fn] klg ToxL atfp“5 .

gf]S;fg s;}nfO{ 5}g

b[Zo ¿kdf ;+ljwfg;efsf] lgjf{rgn] gf]S;fg s;}nfO{ kfb}{g . g]kfnL sf+u|]; hgcfGbf]ngsf] g]t[TjbfoL kf6L{ xf] . Tof] cfGbf]ngn] ;a}eGbf a9L ;Ddfg u/]sf] kf6L{ klg oxL xf] . o;sf ;efklt ;a{;Ddt / af“r'~h]nsf nflu lglj{sNk k|wfgdGqLsf] kb ;DxfNg] JolQmsf ¿kdf kl/lrt x'g'ePsf] 5 . hgtfsf] 5f]/fsf tkm{af6 /fi6«fWoIfsf] sfo{ef/ ;DxfNg'kg]{ bfloTj Oltxf;n] pxf“dfly g} ;'lDkPsf] cj:yf 5 . ;+ljwfg;ef hgcfGbf]ngsf] k|d'v dfu xf] . Tof] ;DkGg x'“bf hgcfGbf]ngsf] g]t[Tjstf{ bn / ltgsf g]tf emg\ ;Ddflgt x'G5g\ .

dfcf]jfbL To:tf] bn xf], h;n] !) jif{sf] hgo'4df !% xhf/ dfG5] dfg]{ sfd u¥of] . ;+ljwfg;efsf] lgjf{rg p;sf] d'Vo Ph]08f lyof] . ;+ljwfg;efsf] r'gfj x'“bf dfcf]jfbLsf] k|d'v dfu cfkm}+ ;Daf]lwt x'G5 . hgcfGbf]ng ;kmn kfg{ dfcf]jfbLsf] e"ldsf cGo bnsf] eGbf sd 5}g . ToxL r'gfj ;DkGg ug{ egL o;n] s'g} lgjf{rg g} ge} cGtl/d Joj:yflksfdf g]kfnL sf+u|];eGbf kl5 bf];|f] 7fp“ kfPsf] 5 . cGtl/d ljwflosf ;+ljwfg;efsf] lgjf{rg u/fpg g} u7g ePsf] eGg] k|i6} 5 . of] ljwflosf ;+ljwfg;efsf] lgjf{rg ;DkGg x'gf;fy cfkm} lj36g x'G5 . k|fjwfg g} To:t} 5 .

g]skf Pdfn] t g]kfnL sf+u|]; / dfcf]jfbLeGbf klg a9L qmflGtsf/L 5 . o;n] ;ft bnsf] sflt{s @@ df ;DkGg ;Demf}tfdf km/s dt hgfP/ g} To:tf] qmflGtsfl/tf b]vfO;s]sf] 5 . sflt{s @@ ut]sf] ;Demf}tfdf Pdfn]n] km/s dt n]Vb} eg]sf] 5– æ/fh;+:yf /fVg] jf g/fVg] eGg] af/]df ;+ljwfg;efsf] lgjf{rg;“u;“u} hgdt ;+u|x ug'{k5{ eGg] g]skf Pdfn]sf] leGg dt /x]sf] 5 .Æ

5'§} hgdt ;+u|x ug'{k5{ eGg] bnnfO{ k|ltj4tf JoQm ePsf] ;dodf ;+ljwfg;efsf] r'gfj x'g' Pp6f cj;/ g} xf] . To;sf/0f klg of] ;dodf r'gfj x'g' Pdfn]sf] dfu k"/f x'g' g} xf] .

csf{tkm{ of] r'gfjn] nfdf] ;dob]lv x}l;ot k/LIf0f x'g af“sL /x]sf] cj:yfnfO{ d]6\g] 5 . @)%^ ;fn a}zfvkl5 b]zdf bnsf] x}l;ot sfod x'g] s'g} r'gfj ePsf 5}gg\ . /fhfjfbL egL lrlgg] ;d]tn] hgcfGbf]ngkl5 :yflkt ePsf cGtl/d ljwflosfdf ;b:otf k|fKt u/]sf 5g\ . clnx]sf] Joj:yflksfdf To:tf bnx¿ klg 5g\, hf] @)%^ sf] lgjf{rgdf k"/} k/fhLt ePsf lyP .

oL ;a}sf] hgfwf/sf] x}l;ot of] r'gfjn] b]vfpg] 5 . of] r'gfj s'g} kIf–ljkIfeGbf klg /fi6«sf nflu xf] . kIfdf h;n] lht] klg cGttM hgtfsf] dfq} hLt x'g]5 . ;/sf/ lgdf{0f ug{sf nflu gePsf] x'“bf bnx¿n] klg ;xeflutf kfp“5g\ . o;}sf/0f w]/}k6s k|ltj4tf JoQm ePsf] of] r'gfjsf af/] hgtf tLj| k|tLIffdf 5g\ . t/ r'gfj u/fpg]x¿sf] l9nfOn] lbg k|ltlbg z+sf pAHofO/x]sf] 5 .

h]7df ;+ljwfg;efsf] r'gfj ug{ x'g'kg]{ k"j{ tof/Lx¿ / ;do;Ldf

!= P]g, lgod lgdf{0f tyf :jLs[lt df3 klxnf] – kmfu'g klxnf

@= lgb]{lzsf / cfrf/ ;+lxtf tof/L tyf pTkfbg df3 t];|f] – kmfu'g clGtd

#=!= dtbftf gfd ;+sng / cBfjlws ug]{ df3 t];|f] – kmfu'g bf];|f]

#=@= lhNnfdf k|zf]wg -gfdfjnL_ kmfu'g t];|f] – r}t klxnf]

#=#= dtbftf gfdfjnL PsLs[t u/L clGtd ¿k lbg] kmfu'g rf}yf] – j}zfv bf];|f]

#=$= dtbftf gfdfjnL lhNnfdf k7fpg] r}t t];|f] – j}zfv bf];|f]

$= /fhg}lts bn btf{ sfo{qmd kmfu'g t];|f] – r}t rf}yf]

%= dtbftf ;r]tgf sfo{qmd df3 klxnf] – h]7 t];|f]

^= lgjf{rg ;fdu|L cfk"lt{ Joj:yf df3 klxnf] – h]7 t];|f]

&= lgjf{rg clws[tsf] lgo'lQm / sfof{no :yfkgf r}t t];|f] – j}zfv klxnf]

*= lgjf{rg sfo{qmd k|sfzg — j}zfv bf];|f]

(= pDd]bjf/L btf{ / k|zf]wg — j}zfv t];|f]

!)= lgjf{rg ;fdu|L Koflsª tyf 9'jfgL j}zfv klxnf] – h]7 t];|f]

!!= dtkq 5fKg] tyf 9'jfgL j}zfv rf}yf] – h]7 t];|f]

!@= lgjf{rgsf nflu sd{rf/L Joj:yfkg / tflnd j}zfv rf}yf] – h]7 t];|f]

!#= lgjf{rg cg'udg tyf ko{j]If0f kmfu'g klxnf] – h]7 rf}yf]

!$= dtbfg – h]7 rf}yf]

!%= dtu0fgf – h]7 rf}yf]

!^= lgjf{rg;DaGwL sfo{sf nflu ;'/Iff Joj:yf df3 t];|f] – h]7 rf}yf]

8f= sf]O/fnfåf/f ljkGg ;d'bfosf] ;dfj]zLdf hf]8

– ceos'df/ /fO{

lj/f6gu/ . ;+ljwfgsf] lgdf{0f ubf{ cflbd, blnt, jft/, d';x/h:tf ljkGg ;d'bfosf] ;d]t ;dfj]zL x'g'kg]{ s'/fdf g]kfnL sf+u|];sf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o 8f= z]v/ sf]O/fnfn] ljif]z hf]8 lbg'kg]{ atfpg'ePsf] 5 . pxf“n] ;a} If]qaf6 lk5l8Psf o:tf ju{nfO{ plrt lzIff lbP/ lzlIft agfO{ pGglttkm{ pGd'v u/fpg ;Sg' cfhsf] cfjZostf ePsf] pNn]v ug'{eof] .

df]/+usf] xfQLd'9fl:yt sd{jL/ dfWolds ljBfnodf ;lj+wfg;efdf …cflbjf;L–hghflt ;dfj]zLÚ ljifofTds 5nkmn sfo{s|ddf af]Ng'x“'b} 8f= sf]O/fnfn] lk5l8Psf dlxnf ju{nfO{ klg lzlIft agfO{ cufl8 Nofpg ;lsPsf] v08df pgLx¿sf] pTyfg / hfu/0f ug{ ;lsg] atfp“b} To:tf s'/fdf ;a}n] Wofg lbg'kg]{ atfpg'eof] . pxf“n] d'n's ;+s|d0fsfnLg l:yltaf6 pDsg gkfPsf] atfp“b} ;a}df hftLo lje]b km}nfO{ d'n's 6's|\ofpg] lsl;dsf v]naf6 ;r]t /xg;d]t cfu|x ug'{eof] . xfn ljleGg bnn] p7fPsf hftLotfsf cfwf/df, cfTdlg0f{osf cfwf/df d'n's ljefhg u/L k|b]z agfpg vf]Hg]x¿k|lt nlIft x'“b} sf]O/fnfn] o:tf s'/fx¿n] dfq d'n'snfO{ ljefhgtkm{ pTk|]l/t ug]{ / d'n's g} 6's|\ofpg ;Sg] atfpg'eof] . pxf“n] hftLotfsf gf/f glbO{ k]|d, ;b\efj, efOrf/fs} ¿kdf ;a} hgtf Ps eP/ cfufl8 a9\bf d'n's ljsf;sf] af6f]df nDsg] atfpg'eof] .

aGb, x8\tfnh:tf ls|ofsnfkn] ;a}lt/ xflg–gf]S;fgL dfq k'/\ofpg] ePsfn] ;lj+wfg;efsf] lgjfr{g h]7 dlxgfdf ;DkGg u/fpg ;a}n] plrt jftfj/0f tof/ ug'{kg]{ wf/0ff JoQm ug'{eof] .

;f]xL cj;/df g]kfn ljBfyL{ ;+3sf ;efklt s]bf/ sfsL{n] k5fl8 k/]sf o:tf ;d'bfosf] ljsf;sf nflu g]kfn ;/sf/n] plrt lzIff gLlt cjnDag ug'{kg]{ atfP . lzIff If]qdf klg ;xL Gofo x'g g;s]s]f atfp“b} sfsL{n] x'g]–vfg]sf 5f]/f5f/Ln] g} ljkGg ;d'bfosf] lzIff sf]6fdf cWoog ul//x]sf] atfpg'eof] . To;}n] o; ;d'bfosf dlxnf k'?ifn] klg lzIffsf] If]qdf cufl8 cfpg'kg]{df hf]8 lbPsf lyP .

cflbd jft/ d';x/ ;sf/fTds ljsf; s]Gb| df]/+un] cfof]hgf u/]sf] ;f] 5nkmn sfo{s|ddf g/u|fd df= lj=, hglk|o df= lj= / sd{jL/ df=lj=df cWoog/t ;oeGbf a9L ljBffyL{x¿nfO{ nQfsk8f klg af“l8Psf] lyof] . sfo{s|d ljsf; s]Gb|sf cWoIf u'?rGb Clifb]jsf] ;efkltTjdf ePsf] lyof] . sfo{s|ddf :jljo' ;efklt eLd k/fh'nL, k|wfgfWofks zDe' vltj8f, ;fdflhs sfo{stf{ bz{g Gof}kfg], ;f] ljBfnosf cWoIf aneb| ;bf{/n] klg cf–cfkmgf] wf/0ff JoQm ug'{ePsf] lyof] .

emfkfdf d08n]x¿dfly cfqmd0f zfxL dGqL;lxt ^ 3fOt]

– o'j/fh l3ld/]

latf{df]8, emfkf . /fhf 1fg]Gb|sf] lgb]{zgdf ;+ljwfg;efsf] lgjf{rg ljyf]Ng] of]hgf agfpg a;]sf] eGb} /fhfjfbLx¿sf] uf]Ko e]nfdf ljxLaf/ cfqmd0f ubf{ g]tf tyf sfo{stf{x¿ uDeL/ 3fOt] ePsf 5g\ .

dfcf]jfbLlgs6 o'y sDo'lgi6 lnusf] cu'jfOdf cf7 ljBfyL{ ;+u7gsf o'jf ljBfyL{x¿n] /fhfjfbLx¿sf] e]nf:yn :yfgLo xf]6n x]jgnfO{ 3]/f ub}{ cfqmd0f u/]sf x'g\ . cfqmd0fdf k/L ^ hgf 3fOt] ePsf 5g\ eg] # sf] cj:yf uDeL/ 5 .

/fhfjfbL kf6L{ /fk|kf g]kfnsf cWoIf /jLGb|gfy zdf{, kTgL ;/f]hf zdf{sf ;fy emfkf cfO{ sfo{stf{sf ;fy 5nkmndf Jo:t ePsf pgL e]nf pQ]hs ;d"xsf] sf/afxLdf k/]sf x'g\ . ;f“emflt/ k|x/Ln] Jofks ;'/Iffsf ;fy lhNnf k|x/L sfo{nodf nuL zdf{nfO{ arfPsf lyP . /fhfjfbL dGqL 6]sgf/fo0f /fhj+zL, k"j{ dgf]lgt lhlj; ;efklt /fh]Gb| lnª\b]g, /f]lxt /fhj+zL, d]rLgu/sf dgf]lgt d]o/ sNof0f v8\sf, kqsf/ tyf /fhfjfbL g]tf kb\d;'Gb/ nfjtLsf 5f]/f ;u'g nfjtLsf 5f]/f e'k]Gb| lnª\b]gnfO{ h'Qfsf] dfnf, sfnf]df];f] bnL ljtf{df]8 gu/ 3'dfOPsf] lyof] . cfqmd0fdf kbf{ kqsf/ nfjtL tyf lnª\b]g aGw'x¿sf] cj:yf lrGtfhgs 5 . pgLx¿ ;a}nfO{ w/fgl:yt aLkL sf]O/fnf :jf:Yo lj1fg k|lti7fgdf egf{ ul/Psf] k|x/L ;|f]tn] atfof] .

cfqmd0f ;'? ePkl5 s]xL d08n]x¿ xf]6nsf] kvf{n gf3L efUg EofPsf lyP eg] g]tf /jLGb|gfy zdf{ tyf kTgL;lxt s]xL cGon] xf]6nsf] :6f]/df n'sL Hofg arfPsf lyP . tTsfn} k|x/Ln] pgLx¿sf] ;'/Iff ug'{k/]sf] lyof] .

/fhfjfbLx¿sf] uf]Ko e]nfsf] ;'O“sf] kfPsf cf7 ljBfyL{ ;+u7gsf o'jfx¿Nf] ljxfg}b]lv ljtf{df]8df lgu/fgL u/]/ a;]sf lyP . /fhfjfbLx¿ xf]6ndf k'u]nuQ} xf]6n sAhf ub}{ ;of}+sf] ;+Vofdf cfPsf o'jfx¿n] cfqmd0f ;'? u/]sf lyP . /ut nTkltPsf 3fOt]x¿nfO{ 306f}+ ;8sdf /fvL ljBfyL{x¿n] sf]0f;ef u/]sf lyP . jQmfx¿n] ;+ljwfg;efsf] r'gfj ljyf]Ng d08n]x¿ ;lqmo e]l6Psfn] pgLx¿nfO{ hgsf/jfxL ul/Psf] atfPsf lyP . ;fy}, emfkfnfO{ d08n] d'QmIf]q agfOg] wf/0ff;d]t JoQm u/] . sf]0f;ef ;dfKt ePkl5 k|x/Ln] 3fOt]nfO{ lgoGq0fdf lnO{ pkrf/ ug{ nu]sf lyP .

tf]8kmf]8df hgflwsf/ kmf]/d

lj/f6gu/ . Dfw];L hgclwsf/ kmf]/dsf sfo{stf{x¿n] lj/f6gu/eGbf #) lsnf]ld6/ k"j{df cjl:yt k'/fgf] ;b/d'sfd /+u]nLdf Jofks tf]8kmf]8sf ;fy} nfvf}+sf] ;DklQ hnfPsf 5g\ . zflGtk"0f{ cfGbf]ng ug]{ 9/f{ lb“b} kmf]/dsf sfo{stf{x¿n] /+u]nLdf /x]sf ufp“ ljsf; ;ldlt, Onfsf k|zf;g sfo{no, x'nfs sfof{no, s[lif ljsf; a+}s, u|fdL0f ljsf; a}+ssf sfof{nox¿df ;d]t cfuhgL u/L 7"nf] dfqfdf Iflt k'/\ofPsf lyP .

Uft a'wjf/ laxfg} /+u]nLsf ;/sf/L sfo{nox¿df tfnfaGbL ug{ k'u]sf kmf]/dsf sfo{stf{nfO{ :yfgLo k|zf;gn] ;j{;fwf/0fx¿nfO{ tfnfaGbLaf6 b}lgs sfo{df cj/f]w x'g] atfp“b} ;f] sfo{ gug{ ;d]t cfu|x u/]sf] lyof] . kmf]/dsf sfo{stf{x¿n] tfnfaGbL u/L x"nb+uf ug{ yfn]kl5 k|x/Ln] /f]Sg] k|of; u/]sf lyP . ljB't k|flws/0fdf Ps ;ftfcl3b]lv kmf]/dsf sfo{stf{x¿n] aGb u/fPsf] tfnf vf]Ng] s|ddf k|x/L / sfo{stf{x¿aLr em8k ePsf] lyof] . em8kkZrft ;f] lbgel/ /+u]nL ahf/ aGb x'g'sf ;fy} tgfju|:t /x]sf] lyof] .

kmf]/dsf sfo{stf{x¿n] s[lif ljsf; a}+ssf tLgj6f df]6/;fOsn, rf/j6f sDKo'6/ / gf}j6f ;fOsn hnfPsf] lyof] . To;}u/L kmf]/dsf] pkb|f] hTyfn] u|fdL0f ljsf; a}+ssf cfly{s sf/f]af/sf ;Dk"0f{ vftfkftf hnfOlbPsf lyP . ;f]xL s|ddf Onfsf x'nfs sfof{no /+u]nLdf sfo{/t sd{rf/Lx¿sf nflu NofOPsf] tna rf}aL; xhf/ klg kmf]/dsf sfo{stf{x¿n] n'6]sf lyP .

36gfkZrft df]/+u lhNnf k|d'v df]b/fh 8f]6]nn] To; lsl;dsf] 36gf k'gM gbf]xl/of];\ eGgsf nflu uf]nL xfGg ;d]t k|x/LnfO{ lgb]{zg lbg'ePsf] 5 . ;fy} pxf“n] ;se/ ;+odtfsf ;fy k|x/Ln] cfk\mgf] sfo{ ug]{ / To:tf 36gf k'gM gx'g]df cfk"m klg ljZj:t /x]sf] atfpg'ePsf] 5 .

kf7]3/;DaGwL a[xt\ :jf:Yo lzlj/

– ljho;Gtf]ifL /fO{

wgs'6f . wgs'6f lhNnfdf r}q ^ ut]b]lv kf7]3/ em/]sf lj/fdLx¿sf] ;ft lbg] a[xt\ :jf:Yo lzlj/ ;+rfng x'g] ePsf] 5 . k"jf{~rn If]qLo :jf:Yo lgb]{zgfno wgs'6fn] r}q ^ ut]b]lv wgs'6fdf kf7]3/;DaGwL a[xt\ :jf:Yo lzlj/ ;+rfng ug]{ cfof]lht e]nfdf hfgsf/L lbOPsf] 5 .

kf7]3/ v;]sf dlxnfx¿nfO{ lgMz'Ns ck|]zg ul/g] ePsfn] kf7]3/ v;]sf lj/fdLx¿nfO{ To; lzlj/ cjlwdf cfO{ ck|]zg ug{sf nflu lgb]{zgfno wgs'6fsf If]qLo lgb]{zs efg' of]Ëb]gn] ;j}df cg'/f]w ub}{ lzlj/ ;kmntfk"j{s ;DkGg ug{ ;j}nfO{ ;xof]usf nflu cfu|x klg ug{'ePsf] 5 .

ljleGg ;+3;+:yf, sfof{no k|d'vx¿, gful/s ;dfh, dfgjclwsf/sdL{, kqsf/, /fhg}lts kf6L{sf k|ltlglwx¿sf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] e]nfn] lzlj/nfO{ k|efjsf/L ¿kdf ;+rfng u/L nlIft ;d'bfonfO{ ;]jf k|bfg ug{sf nflu k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L gj/fh pkfWofo cWoIf / ;b:o–;lrj lhNnf :jf:Yo sfof{nosf k|d'v lbg]z rfkfufO{ /xg'ePsf] lzlj/ Joj:yfkg ;ldlt u7g u/]sf] 5 .

o;}u/L ;f] e]nfn] k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L gj/fh pkfWofo ;+of]hs /xg'ePsf] ;'/Iff ;ldlt, kqsf/ dxf;+3 wgs'6f zfvfsf ;efklt ljho;Gtf]ifL /fO{sf] ;+of]hsTjdf k|rf/–k|;f/ ;ldlt, /]8qm; ;f];fO6L wgs'6f zfvfsf cWoIf hLjnfn >]i7sf] ;+of]hsTjdf /Qm ;+rf/, Joj:yfkg tyf PDa'n]G; Joj:yfkg ;ldlt, pBf]u jfl0fHo ;+3 wgs'6fsf sf]iffWoIf z}n];dfg >]i7sf] ;+of]hsTjdf vfBfGg ;ldlt, wgs'6f SofDk;sf :jljo' ;efklt 6Lsf/fd l3ld/]sf] ;+of]hsTjdf :jod\ ;]js kl/rfng ;ldlt u7g ul/Psf] 5 . kf7]3/ em/]sf lj/fdLx¿sf] pkrf/sf nflu ;+rflnt :jf:Yo lzlj/sf nflu clxn] wgs'6fdf Jofks tof/L e}/x]sf] 5 .

lzlj/ ;+rfng x'g] vj/n] kf7]3/ v;L 7"nf] ;d:ofdf k/]sf o; If]qsf dlxnfx¿df lgMz'Ns ck|z]g x'g] vj/n] gof“ pT;fx ylkPsf] 5 .

kmf]/dsf] c/fhstf a9\of]

sf7df8f}+ . ;/sf/L jftf{ k|:tfj / k|wfgdGqL lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnfsf] k6sk6ssf] cx\jfgnfO{ nTofP/ t/fO{ kmf]/dn] ul//x]sf] cfGbf]ngn] yk ;d:of pTkGg u/fPsf] 5 . /fhlglts Gofosf nflu u/LPsf] of] cfGbf]ngn] lj:tf/} c/fhstfsf] ?k lnPsf] 5 . pgLx?n] nf]stGq kIfw/sf g]tf tyf sfo{stf{x?nfO{ ;d]t tf/f] agfpg nfu]sf 5g\ . kmf]/dn] ;+rfng ul//x]sf] cfGbf]ngs} cf8df t/fO{df ljleGg u'6 tyf pk–u'6x¿ v8f eO{ cfGbf]ng ul//x]sf 5g\ . cfGbf]ngsf sf/0f sf7df8f}+ pkTosfsf] cfk"lt{sf ;fy} t/fO{df uDeL/ ;d:ofx¿ pTkGg eO/x]sf 5g\ .

dw];L hgclwsf/ kmf]/dn] cfGbf]ngsf gfddf /fhg}lts bn / ltgsf g]tfx¿dfly cfqmd0f ug]{, ;/sf/L sfof{nodf tfnfaGbL ug]{h:tf sfdx¿ u/]sf sf/0f kmf]/dsf] lgotdfly k|Zg pl7/x]sf] a]nf z'qmaf/ aL/u~hdf g]kfnL sf+u|];sf] sfof{no tyf lhNnf ;efklt /fh]Gb|axfb'/ cdfTodfly cfqmd0f u/]sf] 5 . z'qmaf/ lbp;f] sl/a $ ah]lt/ kmf]/dsf !)–!@ hgfsf] ;d"xn] jL/u~hsf] dfO:yfgl:yt g]kfnL sf+u|]; k;f{ lhNnf sfof{nodf cfqmd0f u/]sf] lyof] . cfqmd0fsf] ;dodf sfof{nodf /x]sf ;efklt cdfTo klg cfqmd0fsf] l;sf/ ag]sf lyP . sfof{nodf 9'+ufd'9f ePkl5 ;efklt cdfTo tn cf]ln{Psf lyP . pgLdfly ;d]t cfqmd0f ePsf] lyof] . kmf]/dsf sfo{stf{x¿n] k|xf/ u/]sf] 9+uf nfu]/ cdfTo 9n]sf lyP . 9'+uf k|xf/af6 cdfTonfO{ arfpg vf]Hbf k|x/L hjfg 1fg]Gb| /fO{dfly ;d]t cfqmd0f ePsf] lyof] . cfqmd0faf6 /fO{ klg uDeL/ 3fOt] ePsf 5g\ .

kmf]/dsf] ;+ljwfg;ef lgjf{rg ef“8\n] if8\oGqd'tfljs ;+rfng eO/x]sf] cfGbf]ngsf sf/0f z'qmaf/ lbge/ jL/u~h tgfau|:t ePsf] 5 . k|bz{gsf/L / k|x/LaLr lbge/ em8k eO/x]sf 5g\ . em8ksf sf/0f 306f3/, dfO:yfg / cfbz{gu/ If]q lbge/ tgfju|:t /x\of] . 306f3/df t}gfy ;'/IffsdL{x¿dfly 9'+uf k|xf/ ePkl5 em8k ;'? ePsf] lyof] . eG;f/gfsf cj¿4 ug{ l/n] cg;gdf al;/x]sfx¿nfO{ k|x/Ln] kqmfp u/]kl5 jL/u~hdf em8ksf 36gfx¿ 3l6/x]sf 5g\ .

kmf]/dsf sltko hfoh dfux¿ ;+ljwfg ;+zf]wg u/L ;/sf/n] k"/f ul/;s]sf] 5 / kmf]/dnfO{ jftf{df cfpg ;/sf/n] k6sk6s cfu|x ul//x]sf] 5 t/ klg kmf]/d ljleGg axfgf agfO{ jftf{df cfpg cfgfsfgL ul//x]sf] 5 . cfGbf]ngsf gfddf ;+ljwfg;ef lgjf{rg x'g glbg] vfnsf 36gfx¿ 36fO/x]sf] 5 . kmf]/dsf o:tf ultljlwn] p;sf] lgotdfly g} uDeL/ cfz+sfx¿ plAh/x]sf 5g\ .

n'lDagLsf] cleefjs lbj; ;DkGg

sf7df8f}+ . n'lDagL Ps]8]dLsf] rf}wf}+ jflif{s lbj; tyf cleefjs lbj; Ps ;d/f]xaLr ;DkGg eof] . ;"rgf tyf ;~rf/ Pj+ jg tyf e"–;+/If0f /fHodGqL Pj+ g]kfn ;/sf/sf k|jQmf lbn]Gb| a8"n] ;df/f]xsf] ;d'b\3f6g ug'{ePsf] lyof] .

sfo{qmddf /fHodGqL a8"n] n'lDagL Ps]8]lds kmfp08];gåf/f k|sflzt Ps cfsif{s :dfl/sf n'lDagL @))& sf] ljdf]rg ub}{ lzIff If]qdf bL3{ ;]jf ug'{x'g] ;flxTosf/ kml0fGb|/fh v/]nnfO{ ljz]if ;Ddfgsf ;fy clegGbg ug'{ePsf] lyof] .

;df/f]xnfO{ ;Daf]wg ub}{ k|d'v cltly /fHodGqL a8"n] lzIffsf] ljsf; s'g} Ps kIfsf] k|oTgn] dfq ;+ej x'“b}g, ;/sf/ lghL If]qsf] ;+o''Qm k|of;n] dfq lzIffsf] ljsf; x'G5 . To;}u/L ljBfyL{sf] z}lIfs :t/ /fd|f] agfpg ljBfnosf] PSnf] k|of;n] dfq x'“b}g, lzIfs, cleefjs / ljBfyL{sf] ;+o'Qm k|of;n] dfq ljBfnon] /fd|f] lzIff lbg'k5{ eGb} n'lDagL Ps]8]dLsf] ;kmntfsf] sfdgf ug'{eof] .

;f] ;df/f]xdf k"j{ k|wfg–GofofwLz s]zjk|;fb pkfWofo, k|fljlws lzIff tyf Jofj;flos tflnd kl/ifb\ / z}lIfs hgzlQm ljsf; s]Gb|sf sfo{sf/L lgb]{zs /fd:j¿k l;Gxf, n'lDagL Ps]8]dLsf ;Nnfxsf/, g]kfn ;/sf/sf k"j{–;lrj Pj+ /fli6«o jfl0fHo a}+ssf cWoIf 8f= ef]nfgfy rfln;], n'lDagL Ps]8]lds kmfpG8];gsf cWoIf Pj+ g]kfn ;/sf/sf ;x;lrj ;flxTosf/ h}g]Gb|hLjg zdf{, n'lDagL Ps]8]dLsf ;Nnfxsf/ Pj+ cleefjs k|fWofks d'/f/L cof{nn] lzIff If]qsf ljljw ljifodf k|sfz kfg'{ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf Ps]8]dLsf lk|lG;kn /ljgrGb| sf]O/fnfn] :jfut dGtJo JoQm ug'{ePsf] lyof] .

sfo{qmddf ;efkltsf] cf;gaf6 nlDagL Ps]8]dL Joj:yfkg ;ldltsf cWoIf nf]s]z 9sfnn] Ps]8]dLn] lgs6 eljiodf g} pRr dflj ;~rfng ug{ uO/x]sf] atfp“b} n'lDagL Ps]8]lds kmfpG8];gn] o;} z}lIfs ;qb]lv ;fd'bflos If]qsf ljBfnosf ljkGg ju{sf 5fq–5fqfx¿nfO{ ljz]if 5fqj[lQ sfo{qmd ;'? ug{ nfu]sf] hfgsf/L u/fpg'eof] .

j;Gtsf] ‘ltd|f] gfddf’ ;fj{hlgs

j;Gt rf}w/Låf/f /lrt cf7j6f uLtx¿sf] PNad …ltd|f] gfddfÚ z'qmaf/ ;fj{hlgs ul/Psf] 5 . …dfof aNe]m5Ú kl5 j;Gt rf}w/Lsf] bf];|f] PNad …ltd|f] gfddfÚ czflGtaf6 d'lQm vf]Hb} zflGtsf nflu /lrPsf uLtx¿sf] ;“ufnf] xf] . …ltd|f] gfddfÚ cf:yfsf] gf}nf] cfofd lddf{0f ug{ l;h]{sf uLtx¿sf] PNad xf] cyf{t\ j;Gt rf}w/Lsf] cGt/cfTdfaf6 cfTdzflGtsf nflu k|:k'ml6t uLtx¿sf] ;L8L xf]  .

xfdL rfxG5f}+ b]zn] cfhsf] k|lts"ntfaf6 d'lQm kfcf];\ . gfgLx¿sf cf“vfaf6 qf;sf 5fof x6]/ ltgsf cf]7df Pp6f l:gUw xf“;f] rlDsof];\ . ;du| ljZj lgZ5n ;fu/h:t} zfGt / lglZrGt x'g ;sf];\ . To;}n] j;Gt rf}w/L cfkm\gf uLtx¿df eG5g\– …ltd|} cf:yfsf] lbof] of] dgdf an]sf] 5, ltdL hxf“ 5f}+, d]/f] ofqf Tot} rn]sf] 5 .Ú

xf], cfh ;do / kl/l:yltn] ;a}nfO{ zflGtsf] af6f] lx+8\g cfx\jfg u/]sf] 5, zflGtsf] uGtJodf k'u]/ cfkm\gf czfGt dgsf ef/L la;fpg ;a} dgx¿ uGtJo vf]lh/x]5g\ . xf], …ltd|f] gfddfÚ sf uLtx¿ ;donfO{ 5f]P/, kl/l:yltnfO{ cleJolQm u/]/ clg cGt/cfTdfnfO{ emSemSofP/ lg:s]sf 5g\ . uLtx¿df kf]lvO;s]kl5 j;Gtsf efjgfx¿ ;f/f czfGt dgx¿sf] ;fd"lxs efjgf / pTs07 x'g k'u]sf 5g\ . h] u/]“ d}n], ltdL 5f}+ ;fIfL n's]sf] s]xL 5}g, bz{g ltd|f]eGbf lg csf]{, uGtJo s]xL 5}gÆ j;Gt n]V5g\ . /, k]ml/ n]V5g\, æk'Ug'kg]{ 5}g wfd, ltdLafx]s st}, cf“vf lrDn] lg b]V5', d t ltdL htftt}Æ . g]kfnL uLt–;ª\uLtsf If]qdf o; PNadn] Pp6f cs}{ ld7f;k"0f{ :jfb lbg]5 . o; uLtsf z}nL km/s 5g\, efje"ld km/s 5g\ / o;sf] ;ª\uLt / ufosL klg km/s 5 . g]kfnL /ª\ud~rdf k[ys\ sfd ug]{ ;ª\sNksf ;fy ofqf/t cf/f]x0fsf nflu To;}n] klg of] k[ystf cfkm\gf] k|:t'ltcGtu{t k/]sf] xf] . x'g t gf6s;“u} sljtf, lrqsnf, g[To cflb snfTdstf;“u klg xft]dfnf] ub}{ cfO/x]sf] cf/f]kx/0fn] ;ª\uLtsf klg ljleGg ljwfx¿sf] k|:t'ltnfO{ ;“u;“u} lnP/ cfO/x]sf] 5 . t/, ;fª\uLlts PNadsf cy{df eg] of] g} klxnf] k|:t'lt xf] . uLtsf] agf]6, wf/f / >]0fLut k[ystfafx]s o;df Gxo" ah|frfo{sf] ;ª\uLt klg klxn]eGbf leGg} d]nf]8Ldf ;'Gg ;lsG5 . lautsf] wf/af6 pSn]/ pgL cem s0f{lk|o d]nf]8Lsf] ;+;f/df k'u]sf] cfef; u/fp“5g\, …ltd|f] gfddfÚ sf uLtx¿n] . /, afnf e§/fO{sf] :j/n] of] cfef;nfO{ ljZjf;df abN5 .

wgs'6f c:ktfndf cfof] kl/jt{g

– ljho;Gtf]ifL /fO{

wgs'6f . k"jf{~Rn ljsf; If]qsf] If]qLo ;b/d'sfdsf] ¿kdf /x]sf] c:tJo:t wgs'6f c:ktfn clxn] kl/j{tg x'“b} uPsf] 5 .

wgs'6f c:ktfndf x'g] s'/feGbf gx'g] s'/fx¿ a9L x“'b} uPsfn] lhNnfjf;Lx¿n] ;f:tL ef]Ug'k/]sf] lyP . wgs'6f c:ktfndf /x]sf ;ldlt ;fwg / ;|f]tx¿nfO{ g} clxn] Jofks ¿kdf kl/rfng ul/Psf] sf/0f c:ktfnn] d'xf/ km]b}{ uPsf sf/0f ;]jfu|xL hg;d'bfon] klg qmdzM /fd|f] 9+uaf6 plrt :jf:Yo ;]jf–;'ljwfx¿ kfpg yfn]sf 5g\ .

c:ktfndf b/jGbLcg'¿ksf sd{rf/L tyf :jf:YosdL{x¿ gePsf / ePsfx¿n] klg /fd|f] sfd ug]{ c:ktfndf jftfj/0f gePsf sf/0f wgs'6f c:ktfnaf6 wgs'6fjf;Lnufot k"jL{ kxf8L lhNnfsf hg;d'bfon] k|efjsf/L ;]jf kfpgaf6 jlGrt e}/x]sf]df clxn] c:ktfn tyf lhNnf :jf:Yo sfof{nosf sd{rf/L, gful/s ;dfh, kqsf/ /fhg}lts kf6L{x¿ / ahf/sf o'jfx¿sf] ;lqmotf / kxndf c:ktfnsf] ljutsf] eolet / czflGtk"0f{ jftfj/0fdf kl/jt{g u/L sfd ug]{ z}nL / ;+:sf/df ;d]t kl/dfh{g u/L c:ktfndf e}/x]sf ;fwg / ;|f]tx¿nfO{ g} cTolws ¿kdf k|of]u tyf kl/rflnt u/L k|efjsf/L ;]jf lbg yflnPsf] lhNnf :jf:Yo sfof{nosf k|d'v lbg]z rkfufO{ jtfpg'x'G5 .

wgs'6f lhNnf c:ktfndf tLg / lhNnfsf b'O{j6f k|fylds :jf:Yo s]Gb|x¿df Ps–Pshgf u/L hDdf kf“rhgf 8fS6/x¿sf] b/jGbL /x] tfklg ljut b'O{ dlxgfcl3 Pshgf klg 8fS6/ wgs'6f c:ktfndf gePkl5 oxf“sf :yfgLo o'jfx¿n] lhNnf :jf:Yo sfof{no / If]qLo :jf:Yo lgb]{zgfno wgs'6fdf tLg lbg;Dd tfnfjGbL u/]kl5 :jf:Yo dGqfnon] Pshgf 8fS6/ cfo'if vgfnnfO{ s/f/df lgo'Qm u/L clxn] k7fPsf] xf] .

clxn] 8fS6/ cfo'if vgfn, aLkL sf]O/fnf :jf:Yo lj1fg k|lti7fg w/fgaf6 cf]h]6Ldf cfPsf 8fS6/x¿ / wgs'6f lhNnf c:ktfndf sfo{/t :jf:YosdL{x¿af6 lhNnf c:ktfndf /fd|f] jftfj/0fdf klxn]sf] eGbf clxn] k|efjsf/L :jf:Yo ;]jf pknAw x'“b} cfPsf] ;]jfu|xL hg;d'bfox¿ jtfp“5g\ .

c:ktfndf /x]sf :jf:YosdL{x¿nfO{ sfd ug]{ plrt jftfj/0f lgdf{0f u/L lhNnf c:ktfnaf6 ;]jfu|fxL hg;d'bfox¿nfO{ l56f] 5l/tf] / k|efjsf/L 9+uaf6 ;]jf k'¥ofpg ;xof]u ug{sf nflu wgs'6fdf ;j{kIfLo tyf ;j{bnLo j}7s a;L c:knft Joj:yfkg ;xof]u ;ldlt u7g ul/Pkl5 c:ktfndf sfd ug]{ z}nL / c:ktfnsf] jftfj/0fdf kl/jt{g x“'b} cfPsf] 5 .

lhNnf :jf:Yo sfof{nosf s{drf/L tyf :jf:YosdL{x¿, gful/s ;dfh, jhf/sf o'jf ;dfh;]jLx¿, kqsf/, /fhg}lts kf6L{sf kbflwsf/Lx¿, clwsf/sdL{x¿sf] ;j{kIfLo ;f] e]nfn] gu]Gb|eQm >]i7, gf/fo0f hf]zL, s]zj kxf8L, ljho;Gtf]ifL /fO{, g/]Gb| kf]v/]n / wd{nfn >]i7 /xg'ePsf] ;ldlt u7g ul/Psf] xf] .

wgs'6f c:ktfn jhf/sf] jLrdf /x]sf sf/0f ljutdf c:ktfndf cgfjfZos dflg;x¿sf] cfjthfjt eO{ eL8 nfUg] xf]xNnf x'g] / c:ktfn kl/ifb\df kmf]x/d}nf lbgk|ltlbg j9\b} uPsf] / c:ktfnleqsf zf}rfnox¿ klg ;kmf gu/]sf sf/0f cTolws dfqdf b'u{lGwt x'g] u/]sf] / c:ktfnsf j]8x¿ klg RofltP/ cJojl:yt ¿kdf /x“b} cfPsf]df clxn] cfP/ lhNnf :jf:Yo sfof{no wgs'6fsf k|d'v Pj+ jl/i7 hg:jf:Yo clws[t lbg]z rfkfufO{+, k|zf;g k|d'v /fdgf/fo0f >]i7, Odh{]G;L jf8{ zfvf k|d'v chLt uhd]/sf] ;lqmotfdf Toxf“sf sd{rf/Lx¿ Jofks ¿kdf kl/rflnt ePkl5 c:ktfnleqsf] jftfj/0f PSsfl; kl/kt{g eO{ /fd|f] jftfj/0f jGb} uPsf] xf] .

wgs'6f c:ktfn kl/ifb\sf rf/}lt/ / c:ktfnleq zf}rfnob]lv x/]s jf8{x¿ / sf]7fx¿df Jofks ;/;kmfO ul/“b} cfPsf] 5 eg] c:ktfn kl/ifb\df udnfx¿df k"mnx¿ /f]lkPsf 5g\ . c:ktfnsf j]8x¿df gof“ sk8fx¿ /flvPsf 5g\ eg] :jf:YosdL{x¿n] k|of]u ub}{ cfPsf :jf:Yo cf}hf/x¿sf] ;/;kmfO ul/“b} cfPsf] / k'/fgf ;fdfgx¿sf] klg dd{t tyf ;Def/ ul/Psfn] c:ktfnsf] clxn] d'xf/ g} km]l/“b} uPsfn] cem sfd ug{sf nflu hf]; hfu/ a9\b} uPsf] c:ktfnsf Odh]{G;L zfvf k|d'v chLt uhd]/ jtfpg'x'G5 .

c:ktfnsf] jftfj/0f lbgk|ltlbg x/]s k|sf/n] :jR5, zfGt x“'b} uPsf sf/0f c:ktfnsf :jf:YosdL{x¿df klg sfd ug]{ hf]; hfu/ a9\b} uPsf sf/0f clxn] wgs'6f c:ktfnaf6 ;]jf lng cfpg] ;]jfu|fxLx¿n] cTolws kmfObf lnO/x]sf 5g\ .

wgs'6f c:ktfndf ljutdf rf/}lt/ kmf]x/d}nf ePsf sf/0f b'u{Gw x'g] / lj/fdL j]8{x¿ klg RofltPsf] n'ufkmf6fx¿ klg kmf]x/d}nf x'g] u/]sf] sf/0f lj/fdLn] pkrf/ lng] jftfj/0f / :jf:YosdL{x¿n] /fd|f];+u pkrf/ lbg] jftfj/0f klg gePsfn] k|efjsf/L :jf:Yo ;]jfaf6 jlGrt ePsf]df clxn] c:ktfdf oL ;j} s'/fx¿df PSsfl; kl/jt{g b]Vbf ;a} 5Ss k/]sf 5g\ .

wgs'6f c:ktfndf klxn] b'u{Gw uGxfP/ gfs 5f]Kb} lx8\g' kg]{ cj:yf lyof] eg] clxn] lbg k|ltlbg ;kmf ul/“b} x/]s j]8x¿df sk'/nufot cGo ;]G6x¿ /fVb} cfPsf sf/0f c:ktfndf clxn] jf;gf cfpg yfn]sfn] gfs g5f]kL lgw{Ss ;fy j:g / lx+8\g ;lsg] u/]sf] pkrf/ u/fpg cfpg] lj/fdL tyf lj/fdLsf s'¿jfx¿sf] k|ltlqmof 5 .

c:ktfndf ePsf klxn]s} ;Lldt ;fwg ;|f]t kl/rfng u/L clxn] c:ktfnsf] d'xf/ / :jf:Yo ;]jfdf /fd|f] 9+un] PSsfl; cfPsf] kl/j{tgsf] >]o eg] lhNnf :jf:Yo sfof{no wgs'6fsf k|d'v lbg]z rfkfufO{, c:ktfnsf Odh]{G;L zfvf k|d'v chLt uhd]/, k|zf;g k|d'v /fdgf/fo0f >]i7, n]vf zfvf k|d'v lr/~hLjL >]i7nufot Toxf“ sfo{/t sd{rf/L tyf :jf:YosdL{x¿nfO{ oltj]nf oxf“sf lhNnfjf;Lx¿n] lbg yfn]sf 5g\ .

:yfgLojf;Lnufot ;a} kIfsfsf] ;xof]u / lhNnf :jf:Yo sfof{no wgs'6fsf k|d'v lbg]z rfkfufO{sf] of]hgf;lxtsf] nugzLntf / c:ktfnsf Odh]{G;L zfvfsf k|d'v chLt uhd]/ / k|zf;g zfvfsf k|d'v /fdgf/fo0f >]i7nufot lhNnf :jf:Yo sfof{no tyf c:ktfnsf :jf:YosdL{x¿sf] ;lqmotfsf sf/0f clxn] wgs'6f c:ktfn qmdzM pbfx/0f jGb} uPsf] 5 eg] ubf{ s] x“'b}g /}Ú5 eGg] kf7 klg wgs'6f c:ktfndf ePsf] ;sf/fTds kl/jt{gn] ;j}nfO{ oltj]nf l;sfPsf] 5 . c:ktfnsf :jf:YosdL{x¿, lhNnf :jf:Yo sfof{nosf sd{rf/Lx¿ / ;j} gu/jf;L tyf lhNnfjf;Lx¿sf] ;lqmo ;xof]udf wgs'6f c:ktfn kl/ifb\ / c:ktfnleqsf pkrf/ sIfx¿df ;d]t :jR5 ;kmf jftj/0f jGb} uPkl5 wgs'6f c:ktfn k"jL{ kxf8L lhNnfx¿sf] c:ktfns} gd'gfsf] ¿kdf kl/0ft x“'b} uPsf] 5 .