Kathmandu, Bhadra 16, 2064.

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lqe'jg cGt/f{li6«o ljdfg:yn eG;f/df s;/L /fh:j r'xfj6 x'G5 eGg] s]xL gd'gfx¿ M

cufl8 k'u]sf] gDa/ kmls{P/ l;nl;n]af/ gldn]sf k|1fkg kqx¿ M

ldlt @)%$÷(÷!# df !$)$( df Snf]lhª ePsf] / ldlt )%$÷(÷!$ df !$#%) af6 ;'? ePsf] 5 .

ldlt @)%$÷(÷!$ df !$#&# -s_ kl5 !#)&$ gDa/af6 ;'? ePsf] 5 .

ldlt @)%$÷(÷!% df !$!** kl5 !$!(# af6 ;'? ePsf] 5 .

ldlt @)%$÷(÷!& df !$#)% df Snf]lhª ePsf] / ldlt @)%$÷(÷!* df !$$)@ af6 ;'? ePsf] 5 .

ldlt @)%$÷(÷@# df !$(%& df Snf]lhª ePsf] / ldlt %$÷(÷@$ df !$(%! af6 ;'? ePsf] 5 .

ldlt @)%$÷(÷@% df !%!(* df Snf]lhª ePsf] / ldlt )$%÷(÷@^ df !%!^( af6 ;'? ePsf] 5 .

ldlt @)%$÷(÷@& df !$$)@ df Snf]lhª ePsf] / ldlt @)%$÷(÷@( df !%$)! af6 ;'? ePsf] 5 .

ldlt @)%$÷!)÷ !! df !^(( kl5 !^^)) af6 k'gM ;'? ePsf] .

ldlt @)%$÷!)÷@# df !&^#* af6 !&#$) gDa/af6 ;'? ul/Psf] .

ldlt @)%$÷!)÷@% df !&$(* af6 !&$$( gDa/af6 ;'? ul/Psf] .

ldlt @)%$÷!)÷@% df !&$%* kl5 !& $%( gDa/b]lv kl5 !&%!! af6 k'gM csf]{ gDa/ ;'? ul/Psf] .

ldlt @)%$÷!)÷@* df !&*%# k'u]kl5 !&*#* af6 ;'? e} !&*$) ;Dd k'u]sf] / ;f] kl5 k'gM !&*%$ af6 ;'? ePsf] 5 . ;f]xL ldltdf !&*&) kl5 !&*&* af6 gDa/ ;'? ePsf] 5 .

ldlt @)%$÷!)÷#) df !&(@* kl5 !&(@@ af6 k'gM ;'? ePsf] 5 .

ldlt @)%$÷!)÷!!÷& df !**&^ df Snf]lhª ePsf] ldlt @)%$ k'u]sf] / ldlt )%$÷!!÷* df !***^ af6 ;'? ePsf] 5 .

ldlt @)%$÷!!÷( df !()(* kl5 !()&@ af6 ;'? ePsf] / !()&* k'u]kl5 k'gM !()(( af6 ;'? ePsf] 5 .

ldlt @)%$÷!!÷!^ df @)@)$ k'u]sf] / ldlt @)%$÷!!÷@! cf]klgªdf @)@)# / @)@)$ s]/d]6 u/L gDa/ ldnfP/ bf]xf]/f] gDa/ kf/L ;'? ul/Psf] .

ldlt @)%$÷!!÷@@ df @)$^^ k'u]sf] / kl5 ;RofP/ @)&^& af6 #)) c+ssf] km/s kf/L gDal/ª ePsf] .

ldlt @)%$÷!!÷@# df @)*&@ df Snf]lhª ePsf] / ldlt @)%$÷!!÷@$ df @)*&! af6 ;'? ePsf] .

ldlt @)%$÷!@÷@) df @#)!) kl5 @#!! e"nn] ;'? u/]sf] / @##$ kl5 @#)#$ -v_ n]vL k'gM gDa/ ;RofPsf] .

cGo cfofltt ;fdfg;DaGwL kIf M

cWoogsf] o; kIfdf lqe'jg ljdfg:yn eG;f/ sfof{nosf] clwsf+z ultljlw :ki6 b]lvG5 . o; cWoogaf6 b]lvPsf d'Vod'Vo s'/fx¿ lgDg 5g\ M

u'06f lem6L ef/L cfb]z;DaGwL Joj:yfsf] clwstd b'¿kof]u M ljb]zdf a;]/ kmls{Psf] g]kfnL gful/sn] ;f] 7fp“df a:bf k|of]u u/]sf ;fdfgafx]s @÷$ j:t'x¿ yk u/]/ Nofp“5 eg] yk /fh:j lt/]/ Nofpg kfcf];\ eGg] p2]Zon] u'06f, lem6L, ef/L cfb]zsf] Joj:yf ePsf] b]lvG5, t/ To:tf] ;'ljwfsf] Joj:yfnfO{ Jofkf/Lx¿n] Joj;fo ;Grfngdf k|of]u u/L /fh:j 5Ng] ;Sbf] k|of; ePsf] 5, lsgls nfUg] eG;f/ dx;'ndf !) k|ltzt eG;f/ dx;'n lt/]/ ;fdfg 5'6fpg Joj;foLx¿ cfslif{t x'g'af6 o; s'/fs]f :ki6 k'li6 x'G5 . u'06f, lem6L, ef/L cfb]zdf leq\ofPsf ;fdfgsf] b'¿kof]u;DaGwL s]xL pbfx/0f o;k|sf/ 5g\ M Pp6} JolQmsf] gfp“df cg]sf}+k6s ;fdfg 5f8\g] ul/Psf] M u0f]zk|;fb >]i7 -kf;kf]6{ g+= &@^#((_ n] @)%$ ;fn df3 dlxgfleq cfkm\gf] kf;kf]6{sf] k|d'v k[i7sf] kmf]6f]skL dfq /fv]/ ! g+= uf]bfdaf6 5'6fPsf] ;fdfgsf] ljj/0f lgDgadf]lhdsf] b]lvG5 M

plNnlvt b[i6fGt lem6L, u'06f, ef/L cfb]zcGtu{tsf] ;'ljwfsf] b'¿kof]usf] gd'gf xf] . o:t} b'¿kof]u ePsf cGo b[i6fGt rGb|dfg dxh{g -kf=kf]=g+= &)*%!@_ . o;n] @)%$ df3 dlxgfsf] s]xL lbgx¿df ! g+= uf]bfdaf6 k|1fkgkq g+= $#&&, $#&*, $&&^, $$#@, $$^&, $%**, $^(@, $&$(, $&(&, $(*# cflbaf6 / sfp06/tk{msf] k|1fkgkq g+= !%*)!, !^)#*, \!^)#^, !^#^&, !^#^^, !^$(&, !^(&% cflbaf6 ;fdfg lgsfn]sf] b]lvG5 eg] aL= sfsL{ -kf=kf]=g+= &!%!^_ n] !%(!&, -s_, !%(&* -s_ !%*)^, !^)#*, !^%)(, !^&*^, !^&*%, !^*!& -s_ !^(&*, !&)@*, !&$*$ sfp06/tk{msf k|1fkgkqaf6 / $#@!, $#@^, $$%), $$%! cflb ! g+= uf]bfdtk{maf6 ;fdfg 5'6fO{ nu]sf] 5 . To:t} dw's/ nfld5fg]n] -kf=kf]=g+= ^$)#$%_ n] sfp06/tk{msf] k|1fkgkq g+= !^#*), !^$(^, !^&*#, !^&*@, !^&*!, !^(&$, !&$(^, !&^!! af6 / ! g+= uf]bfdtk{m $##), $#((, %)#$ cflb af6 ;fdfg 5'6fPsf] b]lvG5 eg] afO{Pg 9'+ufgf -kf=kf]=g+= *#%(%, *#)^@^, &$&&(! / &!&%!% cflbn] ! gDa/ uf]bfdtk{maf6 k|1fkgkq g+= $$)@, $$)!, $%*$, $&%@, $*%@, $(%@, $(%&, %)** af6 / sfp06/tk{msf] !&%##, !&#&%, !&^!), !&*(& gDa/sf k|1fkgkqaf6 ;fdfg 5'6fPsf] 5 . oL JolQmx¿sf] gfp“df ;f]xL dlxgfdf cGo uf]bfd, sfp06/af6 klg ;fdfg 5'6]sf] 5 .

lghx¿sf] ;fdfg 5'6fpg] Joj:yfnfO{ x]bf{ sfp06/sf] uf]bfdsf] cTolws b'¿kof]u u/]sf] b]lvG5 . k|lqmofut ¿kdf x]bf{ Kn]gaf6 cfPsf] ;fdfg sfp06/sf] uf]bfddf /fVg] / k|To]s lbgsf] laxfg h'g a]nf Kn]gsf] eL8 /x“b}g ;f] avt cfkm\gf] OR5fcg';f/ ;fdfg 3f]lift u/L ;fdfg 5'6fpg] u/]sf] b]lvG5 . ctM o; b'¿kof]unfO{ lgoGq0f ug{ dfq k|s/0f @=! cGtu{tsf] ;'emfj gDa/ $ sf] Joj:yfnfO{ k"0f{ ¿kdf cjnDag ug'{k5{ .

;DalGwt sfuhft g/fvL ;fdfg 5f8\g] ul/Psf] M ;/sf/L sfof{no, s"6gLlts lgof]u, cfof]hgf cflbsf ;fdfgafx]s cGo JolQm, kmd{, sDkgLsf gfp“df cfPsf ;fdfgsf] sfp06/tk{m zt–k|ltzt / uf]bfdtk{m (( k|ltzt 5f]l8Psf ;fdfgdf ;kf]l6{ª 8s'd]G6;\ x'g] u/]sf 5}gg\ . o;;DaGwdf s'g} dlxgfsf] s'g} klg lbgsf k|1fkgkqx¿ x]bf{ plNnlvt Joxf]/f 5n{Ë x'G5 . Pp6f JolQmsf ljleGg gDa/sf kf;kf]6{af6 ;fdfg 5'6fpg] u/]sf]M

ob'gfy 9'+ufgf -jfO{ Pg 9'+ufgf_ eGg] JolQmn] kf;kf]6{ g+= *#)%(% af6 ldlt )%$÷!)÷# / )%$÷!)÷@( df qmdzM k|=k=g+= $$)! / %)*( af6 ;fdfg 5'6fPsf] 5 eg] ;f]xL JolQmn] kf;kf]6{ g+= *#)^@^ af6 )%$÷!)÷# df k|=k=g+= $$)@ af6, kf;kf]6{ g+= &$&&(! af6 )%$÷!)÷!& df k|=k=g+= $&%@ af6, kf;kf]6{ g+= &!&%!% af6 )%$÷!)÷@$ df k|=k=g+= $(%@ af6 ;fdfg 5'6fO{ nu]sf] 5 . lghn] o:t} kf;kf]6{ sltj6f k|of]u ug]{ u/]sf] 5, 5'§} cg';Gwfgsf] ljifo x'g cfp“5 . ;fy}, Pp6} JolQmsf olt w]/} kf;kf]6{sf] k|of]u x'g' / ;f] kf;kf]6{af6 ;fdfg hf“rkf; x'“bf dflg; uPsf] cfPsf] Aoxf]/f gx]g'{ b[i6fGts} ¿kdf eG;f/ k|zf;gnfO{ x]g'{ kg]{ x'G5 .

k|To]s ;fdfgnfO{ u'06f, lem6L, ef/L cfb]zcGtu{t kfg]{ ul/Psf] M Pn;L n]6/ ckm q]ml86kqsf] dfn j:t'sf] ljj/0fdf lghL k|of]usf ;fdfgx¿ egL n]vL tn cGo ;fdfgsf] ljj/0f n]Vg] u/]sf] kfOG5 . o:tf] ljj/0fcGtu{t k|1fkgkq g+= $*@* af6 8f]h/sf] :k]o/ kf6{;\;d]t 5f]l8Psf] 5 eg] /]l8of], l6eL, 8]s, lk|mh, sDKo'6/, 38L, /]l8d]8 ufd]{G6 cflb j:t'x¿;d]t o;}cGtu{t kf/L ^÷& 6g ;fdfg;d]t 5f]l8Psf 5g\ . pbfx/0fsf] nflu $&)^ ldlt )%$÷!)÷! sf] k|1fkgkq / !%@!# ldlt )%%÷#÷@@ sf b'O{ a]Unfa]Un} ;dosf k|zf;gcGtu{tsf k|1fkgkqnfO{ lng ;lsG5 .

Po/ jOh lansf] tf}n ldnfg ug]{ ul/Psf] M

k|1fkgkqdf 3f]lift ;fdfgsf] tf}n Po/ jOh lan cyjf sfuf]{ lansf] tf}n;“u gldNg] x'“bf To:tf k|To]s k|1fkgkqdf lghL k|of]usf n'ufkmf6f;d]t vf]nL x]/L hf“h kf; egL 5f8\g] u/]sf] kfOG5 . dfly a'“bf @=@=!=! df plNnlvt u0f]zk|;fb >]i7nufotsf JolQmx¿sf] k|To]s k|1fkgkqdf dlxgfdf krf;f}+k6s;Dd To:t} k'/fgf n'ufkmf6f;d]t eg]/ tf}n ldnfpg n]lvPsf] b]lvG5 . of] kIf Hofb} uDeL/ b]lvof] . pbfx/0fsf nflu k|=k=g+= $%&^ / $%(( af6 5f]l8Psf] /]l8of] Sof;]6 ;fwf/0f !)) yfg / Sofn]08/ %)) egL 5f]l8Psf] ;fdfgsf] Po/ landf !)** s]=hL= 5 .

-l/d]s g]kfnsf] ljifout 5nkmnsf nflu tof/L ;fdu|Laf6_

;Demf}tf lj/f]wL ;+ljwfg;ef lj/f]wL –kmf]/d ;+of]hs ofbj

sf7df8f}+ . dw];L hgclwsf/ kmf]/dsf ;+of]hs pk]Gb| ofbjn] ;/sf/ / kmf]/daLr ePsf] ;Demf}tf lj/f]wL hf]sf]xL ;+ljwfg;ef lj/f]wLsf ¿kdf lrlqt x'g] atfPsf 5g\ . pgn] ;Demf}tfsf] lj/f]w ug]{ g]skf dfcf]jfbLsf cWoIf k|r08 / cfkmgf ;xsdL{x¿ ;+ljwfg;ef lj/f]wLsf ¿kdf bh{ x'g] r]tfjgL lbP .

l/kf]6{;{ Sna g]kfnsf] ;fIffTsf/ sfo{qmddf af]Nb} ofbjn] ;/sf/sf] 36s eP/ k|r08af6 ;Demf}tfsf] lj/f]w x'g'n] cfZro{rlst ePsf] atfP . pgn] eg], …;Demf}tf sfof{Gjog ug]{ bfloTj af]Sg'ePsf k|r08hL cfkm} lj/f]w ub}{ x'g'x'G5, ;/sf/af6 :ki6Ls/0f cfcf];\ .Ú ;Demf}tfsf] lj/f]w ug]{x¿nfO{ g]kfnL hgtfn] ;fDk|fbflos ;b\efjdf vnn k'¥ofP/ /fli6«o Pstf x'g glbg] tŒjsf ¿kdf lng] atfP . …;dfgtf / Gofodf cfk\mgf] eljio gb]Vg]x¿ ddf{xt eP/ aa{/fpg yfn]sf 5g\,Ú pgn] eg], …;Demf}tf lj/f]wLnfO{ hgtfn] ;+ljwfg;ef lj/f]wL eg]sf 5g\ .Ú

sfo{qmddf af]Nb} pgn] cfk\mgf ;xsdL{x¿ lbUe|ldt kfl/Psf] atfP . s]xL ;fyLx¿ lbUe|ldt kfl/g'nfO{ :jfefljs eGb} pgLx¿af6 ;r]t x'g cfu|x u/] . …lszf]/hLx¿n] ab|L d08nx¿;“u sfd u/]sf] cg'ej ;“ufNg'ePsf] 5, xfdLnfO{ nfU5– pxf“x¿ Tot}af6 lbUe|ldt x'g'eof] .Ú kmf]/d s]Gb|Lo sld6Lsf] a}7s a;L kl5Nnf] 36gfaf/] lr/kmf/ u/L ;Demf}tf lj/f]wLdfly 7f]; gLlt lng] atfP . k|ltufdLaf6 lbUe|ldt gx'g cfu|x ub}{ pgn] lgjf{rgsf lbzfdf cl3 a9\g cfu|x u/] .

g]skf dfcf]jfbL;“u lrl;Psf] ;DaGw ;'wfg{ tof/ ePsf] atfP . …ljutsf] ltQmtf la;f}{+ / ;+ljwfg;ef lgjf{rgnfO{ :jtGq, lgikIf / wf“wnL/lxt ¿kdf ;DkGg ug]{ cleofgdf nfuf}+Ú, pgn] dfcf]jfbLnfO{ cfu|x ub}{ eg], …d]/f] k|r08hLx¿;“u ljgd| cg'/f]w 5 ls ltQmtf lal;{P/ xflb{s ;DaGw ;'wfg]{lt/ nfuf}+ .Ú ofbjn] t/fO{df ;z:q ;+3if{/tx¿nfO{ jftf{df Nofpg kxn ug]{ atfP . t/fO{df ;z:q ;+3if{/t ;a} jftf{sf nflu tof/ /x]sf] pgsf] egfO lyof] . jftf{af6} ;d:of ;dfwfg x'g] ePsfn] ;/sf/nfO{ To;tkm{ uDeL/ x'g cfu|x u/] . ;/sf/ lhDd]jf/ ¿kdf k|:t't eP uf]Ot, Hjfnfnufot ;a} jftf{df cfpg]df cfkm" ljZj:t /x]sf] pgsf] egfO lyof] . …tkfO{+ jftf{sf nflu kxn ug'{x'G5 <Ú eGg] k|Zgdf pgn] eg], …cfjZos k/] d kl5 x6\lbg, jftf{sf nflu kxn ug{ tof/ 5' .Ú

;+ljwfg;ef hftLo, If]qLo, eflifsnufot ;Dk"0f{ lje]b cGTo u/L ;d'Ggt g]kfn lgdf{0fsf nflu dxfg\ cj;/ ePsfn] To;nfO{ s'g} xfntdf u'dfpg gx'g] pgsf] egfO lyof] . lgjf{rg ;dodf geP d'n's c;kmn /fi6« aGg] vt/f cf}+Nofp“b} pgn] eg], …/fli6«o cv08tf;lxtsf] :jfoQ ;+3Lo nf]stflGqs u0ftGqfTds g]kfn agfpg r'Sg'x“'b}g .Ú ;+ljwfg;efsf] cj;/ u'Dg glbg cfkm"x¿n] km/s dt;lxt ;Demf}tf u/]sf] atfP .

cfkm"dfly g]kfnL sf+u|];sf] lk5nUu' ePsf] cf/f]ksf] v08g ub}{ pgn] eg], …@@ a'“b] ;Demf}tfsf] Pp6f a'“bf b]vfOlbg'xf];\, hxf“ g]kfnL sf+u|];n] p7fPsf] d'2f 5 . kmf]/d sf+u|];sf] kl5 nfu]sf] x}g, a¿ sf+u|]; dw];sf] kl5 nfu]sf] xf] .Ú

sfdsf cfwf/df lhlj;nfO{ b08 / k'/is[t ul/g]

– w'|js'df/ b·fn

l;Gw'kfNrf]s . :yfgLo ljsf; dGqfnon] rfn' cfly{s jif{b]lv &% j6} lhNnfdf :yfgLo lgsfox¿sf] Go"gtd ;t{ tyf sfo{;Dkfbg dfkg sfo{ljlw -@)^$_ nfu" ug]{ ePsf] 5 . sfo{ljlw nfu" ePkl5 Go"gtd ;t{ k"/f gug]{ lhNnf ljsf; ;ldltsf] cg'bfg s6f}tL ul/g] ePsf] 5  .

;+o'Qm /fi6«;+3sf] ;xof]udf tLg jif{cl3b]lv @) lhNnfdf nfu" ul/Psf] of] sfo{ljlw o; jif{b]lv ;a} lhNnfdf lj:tf/ ug{ nfluPsf] xf] . :yfgLo :jfoQ zf;g lgodfjnL @)%^ sf] lgod @&# …3Ú cg';f/ :yfgLo lgsfo ljQLo cfof]usf] l;kmfl/;df sfo{ljlw nfu" ug{ nfluPsf] a'waf/ oxf“ cfof]lht Ps sfo{qmddf :yfgLo ljsf; dGqfonsf ;lrj /fds'df/ >]i7n] hfgsf/L lbP .

lhlj;sf] Go"gtd ;t{ k/LIf0fsf nflu of]hgf÷ah]6, ljQLo Joj:yfkg, ;ldltx¿sf] u7g÷lqmofzLntf / kf/blz{tf u/L rf/j6f sfo{If]q to ul/Psf] 5 . ;f] sfo{If]qcGtu{t !% j6f ;"rs sfo{ljlwdf ;dfj]z 5g\ . oL] ;"rsnfO{ ;a} lhNnf ljsf; ;ldltn] k"/f ug'{kg]{5 . ;"rssf cfwf/df ;o c+s;Dd lbg] Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5 . Go"gtd #% c+s gNofpg] lhlj;nfO{ dGqfnon] ljlgof]hg u/]sf] /sddf pkef]u / sfof{no vr{afx]s cGo /sd lbg] 5}g . ;fy}, lgsf;f /f]Ssf lhDd]jf/ :yfgLo ljsf; clwsf/Lnufot lhDd]jf/ kbflwsf/LnfO{ sfaf{xL;d]t ug{ ;lsg] ;lrj >]i7n] hfgsf/L lbP .

;"rssf cfwf/df pRrtd c+s k|fKt ug]{ lhlj;nfO{ k|f]T;fxg:j¿k @) k|ltzt k"“hLut cg'bfg yk ug{ ;lsg] Joj:yf 5 . …:yfgLo lgsfonfO{ a9L lhDd]jf/ / kf/bzL{ agfpg sfo{ljlw sfof{Gjog ug{ nfluPsf] xf]Ú, >]i7n] eg]– …o;n] :yfgLo :jfoQ zf;g P]g / lgodfjnLnfO{ ;d]t dha't agfpg ;xof]u u5{ .Ú cfufdL sflt{s÷d+l;/b]lv of] sfo{qmd b]zsf ;a} lhNnfdf Ps;fy nfu" x'g] pgn] hfgsf/L lbP .

o;cl3 cfj )^)÷^! b]lv ljleGg @) lhNnfdf sfo{ljlw nfu" ul/Psf] lyof] . ut cfjdf pTs[i6 c+s xfl;n u/]sfn] aemfª lhlj;n] @) k|ltzt yk cg'bfg k|fKt u/]sf] lyof] eg] Go"gtd c+s gNofPsf sf/0f !% lhlj;sf] cg'bfg s6f}tL ul/Psf] lyof] .

sfo{ljlw nfu" ePkl5 lhlj;n] clgjfo{ ¿kdf kl/ifb\ a}7s, ;dLIff a}7s, n]vfk/LIf0f u'g{sf ;fy} ;Dk"0f{ sfo{qmd / ah]6sf] ;fj{hlgs ¿kdf hfgsf/L lbg'kg]{nufotsf ;t{ k"/f ug'{kg]{5 .

:yfgLo ljsf; dGqfnoåf/f cfof]lht ;f] sfo{qmddf dGqfnosf ;x;lrj ;f]dnfn ;'j]bL, pk;lrj k"0f{rGb| e§/fO{, nlntk'/ pkdxfgu/kflnsfsf sfo{sf/L clws[t s[i0fk|;fb b]jsf]6fnufotn] sfo{ljlwsf af/]df :ki6 kf/]sf lyP .

sfo{qmddf Pdfn] ljwfos ;'efif sdf{rfo{, dfcf]jfbL lhNnf OGrfh{ w'|j k/fh'nL, hgdf]rf{ g]kfnsf cWoIf 6+s 9'+u]nnufotn] lhlj; :yfgLo ;/sf/ ePsfn] sfo{ljlwsf] cg'udg kIfdf ljz]if Wofg lbg'kg]{df hf]8 lbPsf lyP .

d"Nofª\sgsf] dfkb08 k"0f{ x'g g;s]sf] 7x/

sf7df8f+} . g]kfn ;flxlTos kqsf/ ;+3 s]Gb|Lo ;lrjfnosf] a}7s cWoIf /f]rs l3ld/]sf] cWoIftfdf ;DkGg eof] . dxf;lrj df]xg b'jfn, ;lrj r]tgfy wdnf, sf]iffWoIfdf gj/fh k'8f;}gL / ;b:ox¿df gs'n l;njfn, 1fg'jfs/ kf}8]n / /fd]Zj/ /fptsf] a}7sn] k|]; sfplG;n g]kfnsf] ljwfut kqklqsf d"Nofª\sgsf] dfkb08 ;sf/fTds eP klg k"0f{ x'g g;s]sf] 7x/ u/]sf] 5 . k|]; sfplG;n g]kfnn] ;flxlTos q}dfl;s klqsfnfO{ juL{s/0f d"Nofª\sgdf ;fd]n x'g rf/} cª\s k|sflzt ug'{kg{] dfkb08 lgwf{/0f u/]sf] 5, t/ ;flxlTos rf}dfl;s klqsfnfO{ juL{s/0f d"Nofª\sgaf6 alGrt u/]sf]df eg] c;Gtf]if JoQm u/]sf] 5 . ;+3n] ;flxlTos dfl;s / å}dfl;s klqsfnfO{ h:t} cª\s k|sfzgdf ;flxlTos q}dfl;s klqsfnfO{ ;d]t 5'6 lbg cfu|x u/]sf] 5 .

sd{rf/Lsf] ldn]dtf]df t:s/nfO{===

– b]zfGt/ ;+jfbbftf

jL/u~h . eG;f/ /fh:j u:tL jL/u~h / /fh:j cg';Gwfg sfof{no kyn}ofsf k|d'v nIdL kf}8]nsf] ;+o'Qm ldlneutdf af/f / k;f{af6 t:s/x¿nfO{ …nfOgÚ pknAw u/fOPsfn] ;/sf/nfO{ b}lgs s/f]8f+}sf] 3f6f eO/x]sf] 5 eg] t:s/x¿ b}lgs nfvf}+ ?k}of“ sdfO/x]sf 5g\ . af/fsf] dl6cjf{, an/fdk'/, sjxL gfsfaf6 dnvfb, vfBfGg ef/taf6 lgjf{w lelqO/x]sf] 5 eg] g]kfnaf6 t:s/x¿n] sf7sf] s:s/Ldf tLa|tf NofPsf 5g\ . k;f{ lhNnfsf] cnf}+, >Ll;of, Ogjf{, es'jf gfsfaf6 d;nf, sk8f, On]S6«f]lgs, xf8{j]o/sf ;fdfgx¿ v'n]cfd 6«ofS6/af6 lelqO/x]sf] 5 . cTofw'lgs xftxltof/n] ;';lHht eP/ jL/u~h eG;f/ gfsfdf al;/x]sf] ;z:q /fh:j u:tLsf k|d'v Zofd sf]O/fnfn] nfvf}+ ?k}of“ dlxgfjf/L c;'n]/ t:s/x¿nfO{ ;xof]u k'¥ofO/x]sf 5g\ eg] t:s/x¿nfO{ kyn}ofsf /fh:j k|d'v nIdL kf}8]naf6 ceobfg k|fKt ePsf] 5 . t:s/x¿afx]s sf]xL;“ ;Dks{ ug{ g?fpg] nIdL kf}8]n clxn] cy{dGqL /fdz/0f dxtsf] unt cy{ gLltsf sf/0f d'n's w/fzfoL x“b} uPsf] ukm 5f6\g] ub{5g\ . k|foM s6\6' nufP/ sfof{nosf] k|fË0fdf a:g] u/]sf kf}8]n Pg6L;Lsf] Nof08nfOg kmf]gdf s'/f ug{ ?rfp“b}gg\ / df]afOndf pgn] lrg]sf] afx]s s;}sf] kmf]g l/l;e ub}{gg\ . cfk"mn] lng] u/]sf t:s/x¿af6 dlxgfaf/L /sd PSn} nfv] u/]sf sf/0fn] ubf{ kyn}of /fh:jsf sd{rf/Lx¿aLr u'6aGbL ;'? ePsf] 5 . klxnf–klxnf xflsdn] lng] u/]sf] dlxgfjf/L /sdaf6 d]; vr{ rNg] u/sf] lyof], t/ kf}8]n cfPkl5 Tof] sfo{ /f]lsPsfn] Toxf“sf tNnf] bhf{sf sd{rf/Lx¿n] sfd lnP/ hfg] hf]–sf]xLnfO{ klg ;'gfpg] u/]sf 5g\ .

g]6js{ Joj;foLsf] rl/q

sf7df8f}+ . Ps–cfk;df emu8f u/]/ yfs]kl5 leGbfleGb} rl/q / km/s–km/s p2]Zo ePsf g]6js{ Joj;foLx¿n] cfGbf]ng ug]{ ePsf 5g\ . lhNnf–lhNnfdf Jofks lj/f]w / k|ltaGw nfUg yfn]kl5 g]6js{ Joj;foLx¿ PsLs[t x'g yfn]sf 5g\ .

g]6js{ Joj;foLx¿n] k|wfgdGqLsf] Wofgfsif{0f u/fpg ;f]daf/ 1fkgkq a'emfpg] ePsf x'g\ . ljzfn zflGt ¥ofnLsf] cfof]hgf u/L afn'jf6f/ k'u]/ 1fkgkq a'emfpg] sfo{qmd /x]sf] g]kfn 8fO/]S6 ;]N; P;f]l;P;g -Pg8LP_ Pj+ Pg8LP sfplG;nsf cWoIf hLjg e08f/Låf/f hf/L lj1lKtdf pNn]v 5 . pgLx¿n] g]6]js{;DaGwL oyfzL3| sfg'g Nofpg klg dfu u/]sf 5g\ .

bnx¿sf] ufp“ s]lGb|t r'gfjL cleofg

– b]zfGt/ ;+jfbbftf

wgs'6f . ;+ljwfg;efsf] lgjf{rgsf] ldlt glhlsg] qmd;Fu} lhNnfdf /fhg}lts kf6L{x¿ / ljleGg ;+3–;+:yfx¿n] ufpF s]lGb|t eO{ lgjf{rg cleofg ;+rfng u/]sf 5g\ . ;+ljwfg;efsf] lgjf{rgsf nflu u|fdL0f If]qx¿df clxn];Dd r'gfjL jftfj/0f aGg g;s]kl5 clxn] lhNnfdf lqmofzLn ;a} /fhg}lts bn / ;fdflhs ;+3–;+:yfx¿n] lgjf{rgsf] jftfj/0f agfpg ufpF s]lGb|t sfo{s|d ;+rfng u/]sf x'g\ .

g]skf Pdfn]n] ;+ljwfg;efsf] lgjf{rgdfkm{t nf]stflGqs u0ftGqsf] :yfkgf u/f+} eGg] gf/fsf ;fy lhNnf ;b/d'sfdb]lv u|fdL0f tx;Dd r'gfjL cleofg ;+rfng u/]sf] 5 . Pdfn]n] lhNnfdf cu'jf sfo{stf{x¿sf] e]nf ;DkGg u/L ;a} g]tf tyf sfo{stf{x¿ / eft[–;+:yfx¿nfO{ lgjf{rgsf] nflu kl/rfng u/L clxn] ufpFufpFdf cleofg ;+rfng u/]sf] g]skf Pdfn]sf lhNnf ;lrj 6Lsf/fd r]Dhf]Ën] atfP .

g]kfnL sf+u|];n] klg clxn] gofF 9+uaf6 ;+ljwfg;efsf] lgjf{rgdf cfˆgf g]tf tyf sfo{stf{x¿ / ;a} eft[–;+:yfx¿nfO{ ufpF s]lGb|t u/L kl/rfng u/]sf] g]kfnL sf+u|];sf g]tf Pj+ dxf;ldlt ;b:o cfgGb;Gtf]ifL /fO{n] atfP .

pxfFsf cg';f/ g]kfnL sf+u|];n] ;+ljwfg;efsf nflu lgjf{rg kl/rfng ;ldlt;d]t agfO{ ;a}nfO{ lhDd]jf/Lsf ;fy kl/rfng u/]sf] 5 . clxn];Dd r'gfjL jftfj/0f aGg g;s]sfn] ;+ljwfg;efsf] lgjf{rgdfkm{t u0ftGq :yfkgf ug{sf nflu r'gfjL jftfj/0f lgdf{0f ug{ g]skf dfcf]jfbLn] klg lhNnfel/ u0ftflGqs cleofg ;+rfng u/]sf] lhNnf O~rfh{ ;'bz{gn] atfP . ;+ljwfg;efsf] lgjf{rgsf nflu g]kfnL sf+u|]; k|hftflGqs, hgdf]rf{ g]kfn, /fli6«o hgdf]rf{, g]skf PsLs[tnufot ;a} /fhg}lts bnx¿n] klg clxn] ;+ljwfg;efsf] lgjf{rgnfO{ dWogh/ ub}{ ufpF s]lGb|t sfo{s|d ;+rfng u/]sf 5g\ .

o;}u/L lgjf{rg cfof]unufot ljleGg ;fdflhs ;+3–;+:yfx¿n] klg ;+ljwfg;efsf] lgjf{rgnfO{ ufpF s]lGb|t cleofgdf lqmofzLn ePsf 5g\ . lhNnfsf] If]q g+= ! sf] !& j6f uflj; / Ps gu/kflnsfdf *) j6f / lgjf{rg If]q g+= @ sf !* j6f uflj;df &( j6f u/L hDdf ! ;o %( j6f dtbfg s]Gb| /fVg] / pQm dtbfg s]Gb|sf nflu ! xhf/ & ;o ^# hgf sd{rf/Lx¿ kl/rfng ug]{ lhNnf lgjf{rg clws[t nIdL lg/f}nfn] atfP .

pgsf cg';f/ hfkfg ;/sf/af6 k|fKt ePsf cw{ kf/bzL{ Knfli6s dtk]l6sfdWo] # ;o #) j6f dtk]l6sf k|of]u x'g]5g\ .

wgs'6f lhNnfsf] lgjf{rg If]q g++ ! df ^# xhf/ * ;o ^% hgf / If]q g+= @ df ^! xhf/ * ;o ^@ hgf u/L hDdf ! nfv @% xhf/ & ;o @& hgf ;+ljwfg;efsf] lgjf{rgsf nflu dtbftfx¿ /x]sf] lhNnf lgjf{rg sfof{non] hgfPsf] 5 .

P;kL >]i7sf s'/f

– b]zfGt/ ;+jfbbftf

e}/xjf . xfn} Ps b}lgs klqsfdf e|i6frf/df ;fy glbg] ;O{ lgnlDat zLif{sdf k|sflzt ;dfrf/ ;Gbe{df o; lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no ¿kGb]xLsf] Wofgfs[i6 ePsf] k|x/L pk/LIfs /lj/fh >]i7n] atfPsf 5g\ . o;;DaGwdf pgn] eg]sf 5g– …ldlt @)^$÷%÷^ ut] cGbfhL !(M#) ah]sf] ;dodf lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no ¿kGb]xLsf] k|x/L :df/s lznf /x]sf] u|fp08df d / k|gfp ;'/]Gb|axfb'/ l;+x ;fy} /x]sf] cj:yfdf lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no ¿kGb]xL n]vf zfvfdf sfo{/t 1fgaxfb'/ vqLnfO{ c+rn k|x/L sfof{noaf6 k|x/L sd{rf/Lsf] nflu lgsf;f ePsf] eL+8 lgoGq0f kf]zfs -r':tf_ ljt/0fdf l9nfO ePsf] ;DaGwL jf:tljstf a'e\mgsf] nflu d}n] d]/f] df]afOnaf6 clkm; cfpg] cfb]z lbPsf] % ldg]6kZrft lgh l;len kf]zfsdf pkl:yt ePsf], ljt/0f ug'{kg]{ ;f]xL kf]zfssf af/]df lj:t[t ljj/0f ;f]wk'5 ug]{ ;DaGwdf ljleGg ckzAb k|of]u ub}{ lgh k|gflg 1fgaxfb'/ vqLn] ddfly PSsfl; xftkft ubf{ d]/f] cf]7sf] dflyNnf] efudf rf]6 nfUg uPsf] / d]/f] glhs} /x]sf k|gfp ;'/]Gb|axfb'/ l;+xn] /f]Sg] k|of]; ubf{ lghdfly ;d]t xftkft u/L k|gfpsf] afof“ xftsf] gf8Ldf rf]6 nfu]sf], pQm ;dodf xfdL eL+8 lgoGq0f kf]zfs -r':tf_ df lyof}+ . tTkZrft\ xfdL b'j}sf] eLd c:ktfndf d]l8sn r]sck;d]t ePsf] 5 / r]sck ePsf] s]; kmf/dsf] kmf]6f]skL;d]t o;};fy ;+nUg /flvPsf] 5 . pQm 36gf x'“bfsf] cj:yfdf cGo k|x/L clws[t tyf hjfgx¿;d]t k|ToIfbzL{sf] ¿kdf glhs} /x]sf] Joxf]/f cjut u/fp“b} pQm ;dfrf/ skf]slNkt ePsf] Aoxf]/f;d]t cjut u/fpg rfxG5' .Ú

s}bL /fVg ;d:of

– uLtf ljZjsdf{

Onfd . dfcf]jfbLn] cfqmd0f u/L Wj:t agfPsf] Onfd sf/fuf/ w]/} ;do laTbf;d]t k'gMlgdf{0f gePkl5 aGbLnfO{ /fVg ;d:of ePsf] 5 . sf/fuf/ gx'“bf cbfntn] bf]ifL k|dfl0ft u/L sf/fuf/ ;hfo ;'gfPsf aGbLx¿nfO{ klg lhNnf k|x/L sfof{nosf] lx/f;tdf /flvg] u/]sf] 5 . @)^@ kmfu'g @! ut] dfcf]jfbLn] ;b/d'sfd cfqmd0f ubf{ sf/fuf/ Wj:t agfPsf lyP . Wj:t sf/fuf/ k'gMlgdf{0f gx'“bf Onfdsf aGbL tyf y'g'jfnfO{ lx/f;tdf g} /flv“b} cfPsf] lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{no Onfdn] hgfPsf] 5 .

rf}jL;} 306f lx/f;tsf] ;fgf] sf]7fdf a:g' k/]sfn] cfk"mx¿nfO{ lbzflk;fa, ;/;kmfO / vfglkgdf ;d:of ePsf] aGbLx¿sf] u'gf;f] 5 . sf/fuf/ k'gMlgdf{0fsf nflu l9nfO ePsf] / cGo pko'Qm 7fp“ klg gePkl5 aGbLx¿nfO{ lx/f;td} /fVg'k/]sf] k|x/L gfoj pk/LIfs a'l4/fh u'?ªn] atfP . s}bLx¿nfO{ ;fgf] sf]7fdf lbg/ft sf6\g' kbf{ cK7\of/f] k/]sf] eP klg o;sf] ljsNk gePsf] klg k|gfp u'¿ªn] atfP . sf/fuf/ k'gMlgdf{0fsf nflu ;/sf/nfO{ hfgsf/L k7fO;s]sf] eP klg ;f]sf] sfd eOg;s]sf] atfOPsf] 5 .

bf]/f]xf] em8kdf Pssf] d[To', cj}w xftxltof/ a/fdb

– b]zfGt/ ;+jfbbftf

af/f . ;z:q k|x/L an ;Ldf ;'/Iff sfof{no af/f tyf lgjf{rg ;'/Iff j]z a]gf}nL / lhNnf k|x/L sfof{noaf6 vl6Psf] ;+o'Qm 6f]nLn] laxLaf/ cj}w xftxltof/ a/fdb u/]sf] 5 eg] To;a]nf ePsf] em8kdf xltof/ Nofpg] Ps hgfsf] d[To' ePsf] ;z:q k|x/Ln] hgfPsf] 5 .

af/f lhNnfsf] xlb{of uflj; j8f g+= ( r/df]xgfdf laxLaf/ laxfg sl/a tLg ah] pQm em8k ePsf] xf] . pQm em8kdf sl/a $% jlif{o hd'gf l;+xsf] 36gf:ynd} d[To' ePsf] xf] . ;z:q k|x/L an tyf g]kfn k|x/Lsf] ;+o'Qm 6f]nLdfly lgh hd'gf l;+xnufotsf] ;d"xn] kmfo/ u/]kl5 cfTd/Iffsf] nflu ;+o'Qm 6f]nLn] ;d]t hjfkmL kmfo/ u/]sf] lyof] .

To;kl5 36gf:ynaf6 ljleGg xftxltof/ tyf uf]nL a/fdb ul/Psf] 5 . a/fdb xftxltof/x¿df gns6'jf k]:tf]n b'O{ yfg, afx| af]/ aGb's tLg yfg, y|L g6 y|L dfs{ kmf]/ /fOkmn Ps yfg, l/ef]Nj/ Ps yfg, k]:tf]n Ps yfg, :6]gugsf] DoflUhg Ps yfg, k]:tf]nsf] uf]nL b'O{ /fp08, P;=Pn=cf/=sf] uf]nL $% /fp08, ;'tnL ad *& yfg 5g\ .

o;}aLr lgjf{rg ;'/Iff j]z u'nl/ofaf6 vl6Psf] ;z:q k|x/L ansf] 6f]nLn] cj}w rf]/L–k}7f/Lsf] @# af]/f dn tyf ! ;o *& ;]6 s'tf{ ;njf/ a/fdb u/]sf] 5 .

u'nl/of gu/kflnsf !$ l:yt kl;{of Onfsfaf6 ;f]x|j6f ;fOsndf /fv]/ NofpFb} u/]sf] cj:yfdf pQm j]zaf6 ;z:q k|x/L gfoa lg/LIfs hgfb{g P]/sf] sdf08df vl6Psf] ;z:q k|x/L ansf] 6f]nLn] pQm ;fdfg a/fdb u/]sf] xf] . a/fdb ul/Psf ;fdfg ;fOsn;lxt} ;z:q k|x/L ansf] 6f]nLn] cfjZos sf/afxLsf] nflu cfh} u'nl/of eG;f/ sfof{nodf a'emfPsf] ;z:q k|x/L hgfPsf] 5 .