c5fdsf ;f/yL
d'n'sdf lbuf] zflGt / /fhgLlts l:y/tf sfod ug]{ k|d'v p2]Zosf ;fy cfufdL r}t @* ut] ;DkGg x'g uO/x]sf] ;+ljwfg;efsf] lgjf{rgdf g]skf -Pdfn]_sf tkm{af6 kf6L{ ;lrj c5fdsf] If]q g+= ! df z]/axfb'/ s'“j/ pDd]bjf/ aGg'ePsf] 5 . o'jf pDd]bjf/ s'“j/ kf6L{leq s'zn ;ª\u7s / h'emf? JolQmTjsf ¿kdf ;d]t dflgg'x'G5 .
c5fd lhNnfsf] kfon uflj; j8f g+= # df @)@# efb| ^ ut] hGdg'ePsf pDd]bjf/ s'“j/ ljBfyL{ cj:yfb]lv g} /fhgLlts ultljlwdf ;lqmo x'g'ePsf] xf] . /fhgLlt / ;dfh;]jfk|ltsf] ?lrsf sf/0f pxf“ )#( ;fndf tTsfnLg cg]/f:jljo' -kf“rf}“_df cfa4 x'g'eof] / )$@ ;fndf lj/f6gu/l:yt dx]Gb| df]/ª ax'd'vL SofDk;sf] ;xk|f/lDes sld6Lsf] ;b:osf ¿kdf sfo{/t /xg'eof] .
To;kl5 pRrlzIff cWoogsf qmddf pxf“ sf7df8f}“ cfpg'eof] . sf7df8f}“sf] zª\s/b]j SofDk;df )$$–)$^ ;fn;Dd cg]/f:jljo'sf pxf“ ljleGg lhDd]jf/Lx¿df ;lqmo /xg'eof] . )$^ ;fnsf] ;+o'Qm hgcfGbf]ngtfsf ;ª\u7gsf] lhDd]jf/L k"/f ug]{ ;Gbe{df kqmfp;d]t kg'{ePsf] lyof] .
)$^ ;fnsf] ;kmn hgcfGbf]ngkl5 pxf“ u[xlhNnf c5fd kmls{g'eof] / lhNnfdf klg cg]/f:jljo'sf] ultljlwnfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbg'eof] . o;qmddf )$& c;f]hdf dª\un;]gdf ;DkGg cg]/f:jljo'sf] bf];|f] lhNnf ;Dd]ngaf6 cWoIf kbdf lgjf{lrt x'g'eof] .
)$& ;fndf g]skf -Pdfn]_sf] ;ª\ul7t ;b:otf k|fKt ug'{ePsf pDd]bjf/ s'“j/n] To;otf kf6L{ lhNnf sld6Lsf ljleGg kbdf /x]/ lhDd]jf/L lgjf{x ub}{ cfpg'ePsf] 5 . )$&–)%$ ;fndf g]skf -Pdfn]_ c5fd lhNnf sld6Lsf] ;b:o /xg'ePsf s'“j/nfO{ )$( ;fnsf] :yfgLo lgjf{rgdf kf6L{n] pk;efkltsf] pDd]bjf/;d]t agfPsf] lyof] . ;fy}, )$( ;fndf ;DkGg kf6L{sf] kf“rf}“ /fli6«o dxflwj]zgdf pxf“ k|ltlglwsf ¿kdf ;xefuL x'g'ePsf] lyof] .
kf6L{df lg/Gt/ lqmofzLntf / lhDd]jf/Lk|ltsf] ;dk{0fefjsf sf/0f )%$ ;fndf pxf“nfO{ kf6L{n] pk;lrjsf] sfo{ef/ k|bfg u¥of] . pxf“n] o; e"ldsfnfO{ )^@ ;fn;Dd lg/Gt/tf lb“b} cfpg'eof] . )^@ ;fndf ;DkGg g]skf -Pdfn]_ c5fdsf] kf“rf}“ lhNnf clwj]zgaf6 pxf“ ;lrjsf] lhDd]jf/Ldf xfn;Dd lqmofzLn x'g'x'G5 . o;aLr, )^@÷)^# sf] bf];|f] hgcfGbf]ngdf pxf“n] kf6L{ k|d'vsf] x}l;otn] c5fddf g]t[Tj k|bfg ug'{eof] . o;qmddf pxf“ lu/km\tf/Ldf ;d]t kg'{ePsf] lyof] .
s'“j/ /fhgLlts ;lqmotf;“u} ;fdflhs If]qdf klg ;lqmo x'g'x'G5 . lhNnfl:yt g]kfn /]8qm; ;f];fO6Lsf cfhLjg ;b:o /xg'ePsf pxf“n] lhNnf afnsNof0f ;ldlt, j}hgfy dflj Joj:yfkg ;ldlt / hgtf SofDk; ;~rfns ;ldltsf] k"j{;b:osf ¿kdf lhDd]jf/L;d]t lgjf{x ul/;Sg'ePsf] 5 . xfn pxf“ j}hgfy pdfljsf] ;Nnfxsf/ ;ldltsf] ;+of]hssf ¿kdf sfo{/t x'g'x'G5 .
lg/Gt/ /fhgLlts ;lqmotf, ;ª\u7g kl/rfng / Joj:yfkgsf] cg'ej, hgtf;“usf] 3lgi6 / hLjGt ;DaGw /fVg;Sg] s'“j/nfO{ kf6L{k|ltsf] k|lta4tf, cf:yf, ;Ddfg / nufjs} sf/0fn] kf6L{n] ;+ljwfg;ef ;b:osf] pDd]bjf/sf ¿kdf gof“ lhDd]jf/L k|bfg u/]sf] 5 . c5fdL hgtfsf] ljZjf; / cledtsf cfwf/df s'“j/n] cfufdL lbgdf cfkm\gf] lhDd]jf/L ;Dkfbg ug{ ;Sg] s'/fdf kf6L{ kª\lQm / cfdhgtfn] pxf“;“u ck]Iff u/]sf 5g\ .
jfl0fHozf:qdf :gfts ug'{ePsf s'“j/n] ;+ljwfg;ef lgjf{rgdf ;"o{Wjhfjfxs pDd]bjf/sf x}l;otn] hgtfsf] aLrdf lgjf{rg kl/rfngsf] g]t[Tj;d]t ug'{ePsf] 5 . c5fdL hgtfn] ;"o{ lrGxdf dtbfg u/L hgtfn] cfkm\gf] ;+ljwfg;ef cfkm}“ agfpg]h:tf] P]ltxfl;s dxŒjsf] r'gfjdf pxf“nfO{ cTolws ax'dtn] ljhoL agfpg] k|jn ;Defjgf 5 . ;z:q åGåsf qmddf klg cfwf/e"t txsf hgtfsf] aLrdf /x]/ ;ª\u7g lgdf{0fdf ;lqmo s'“j/ ljkIfL kf6L{sf pDd]bjf/eGbf alnof] / e/f];fof]Uo pDd]bjf/sf ¿kdf ;d]t /xg'ePsf] 5 .
***
cfufdL ;+ljwfg;ef lgjf{rgdf g]skf -Pdfn]_sf tkm{af6 c5fdsf] lgjf{rg If]q g+= @ af6 pDd]bjf/ x'g'x'G5, lzjk|;fb pkfWofo . ;dfh;]jf / /fhgLltnfO{ cfkm\gf] hLjgsf] sd{If]q agfpg'ePsf pkfWofon] pRr lzIff cWoogsf qmddf g]kfnuGhl:yt dx]Gb| ax'd'vL SofDk;af6 cf}krfl/s /fhgLlts ofqfsf] yfngL ug'{ePsf] xf] .
lj=;+= @)@) c;f]h ( ut] a'af gGbs[i0f pkfWofo / cfdf OGb|;/f pkfWofosf] ;Gtfgsf ¿kdf dª\un;]g uflj; j8f g+= ^ df ljzk|;fbsf] hGd ePsf] xf] . /fhgLlts hLjgsf] k|f/De;“u} lzjk|;fbn] )#^ ;fndf cg]/f:jljo' c5fd lhNnf sld6Lsf] sf]iffWoIfsf] lhDd]jf/L jxg ug'{eof] eg] g]kfnuGhdf cfO{P cWoogsf qmddf dx]Gb| ax'd'vL SofDk;sf] k|f/lDes sld6Lsf] ;b:odf )#(÷)$@ ;fn;Dd sfo{/t /xg'ePsf] lyof] .
o;kl5 c5fd kmls{g'ePsf pkfWofon] )$& ;fndf g]skf -Pdfn]_sf] ;ª\ul7t ;b:otf k|fKt u/L kf6L{ /fhgLltnfO{ cufl8 a9fpg'eof] . ;f]xL ;fnb]lv clxn];Dd lhNnf sld6L ;b:osf ¿kdf lg/Gt/ kf6L{ ultljlw / lhDd]jf/Ldf ;+nUg /x“b} cfpg'ePsf] 5 . o;aLrsf] cjlwdf lzjk|;fbn] kf6L{ lhDd]jf/LnfO{ dfq cufl8 a9fpg'ePsf] 5}g, kf6L{ cfa4 cGo hg;ª\u7g / :yfgLo lgsfosf] lhDd]jf/L;d]t lgjf{x ul/;Sg'ePsf] 5 . o; ;Gbe{df pxf“ )$&–$* ;fndf /fli6«o hg;f+:s[lts d~r c5fd lhNnf sld6Lsf] cWoIf /xg'eof] . )$(–%$ ;Dd g]skf -Pdfn]_sf tkm{af6 lhNnf ljsf; ;ldltsf] ;b:osf] sfo{ef/ k"/f ub}{ :yfgLo lgsfosf] ;~rfngsf] cg'ej;d]t pxf“n] xfl;n ul/;Sg'ePsf] 5 . )%( ;fndf ;DkGg g]skf -Pdfn]_sf] ;ftf}“ dxflwj]zgdf pxf“ k|ltlglw x'g'x'GYof] .
/fhgLlts hLjgsf ;fy;fy} ;fdflhs If]q;“u klg cfa4 ePsf lzjk|;fb lhNnfdf Pp6f ;dfh;]jLsf ¿kdf ;d]t :yflkt x'g'x'G5 . c5fd ;b/d'sfd dª\un;]gl:yt c5fd ax'd'vL SofDk;sf] ;+:yfks cWoIfdf pxf“ )%!–^) ;Dd /xg'eof] . To;}u/L nfOG; Snasf] ;b:o / g]kfn /]8qm; ;f];fO6Lsf] cfhLjg ;b:osf ¿kdf lqmofzLn x'g'x'G5, pxf“ .
otf nfOG; Snasf] cfof]hgfdf xªsªdf ;DkGg ePsf] cGt/f{li6«o ;Dd]ngdf ;xefuL x'g''ePsf pxf“n] o; l;nl;nfdf lkmlnlkG;, l;ª\ufk'/, yfONofG8, dn]l;of / rLgsf] e|d0f ul/;Sg'ePsf] 5 .
;+ljwfg;ef lgjf{rgdf g]skf -Pdfn]_sf ;"o{Wjhfjfxs pDd]bjf/sf ¿kdf lzjk|;fbsf] k|lt:kwf{ g]kfnL sfª\u]|;sf pDd]bjf/ /fdaxfb'/ lji6;“u x'“b}5 . )$* ;fnb]lv ;f+;b /x“b} cfPsf lji6n] o; cjlwdf lhNnfsf] ljsf; lgdf{0f / ;d:ofnfO{ ;Daf]wg ug{ g;s]sf] sfª\u]|;Lx¿ g} atfp“5g\ . To;}n] pgsf] hgfwf/ / nf]slk|otf sdhf]/ eO;s]sf] / sfª\u]|;leq g} tLj| c;Gt'li6 /x]sf] k[i7e"lddf Pdfn]sf] dha'b ;ª\u7g, of]hgfa4 r'gfjL kl/rfng / k|lta4 tyf pmhf{jfg\ sfo{stf{x¿sf] v6fOn] ;"o{Wjhfjfxs lzjk|;fbsf] kIfdf Jofks hgnx/ l;h{gf ePsf] 5, c5fd If]q g+= @ df . )%! ;fnsf] ;+;bLo lgjf{rgdf g]skf -Pdfn]_n] ljho xfl;n ul/;s]sf] o; If]qdf o;k6ssf] ;+ljwfg;ef lgjf{rgdf ;d]t ;"o{Wjhf ljho x'g]df ljZj:t b]lvg'x'G5, pDd]bjf/ pkfWofo .
lg/Gt/sf] /fhgLlts lqmofzLntf / ;dfh;]jfk|ltsf] ;dk{0fefj / nufjk|lt kl/lrt c5fdL hgtfn] ljho agfO{ ;+ljwfg;ef ;b:oh:tf] ul/dfdo gof“ lhDd]jf/Ldf k'¥ofpg]df pxf“ cfzfjfbL x'g'x'G5 .
