Kathmandu, Falgun 09 2064.

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t/fO{ ljv08g x'g] cfwf/ aGb}5

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d}n] oL x/kmx¿ n]Vg a:bf t/fO{ gof“ hf]zsf ;fy tft]sf] cf7f}+ lbg ePsf] 5 . lat]sf cf7 lbg t/fO{sf ljleGg lhNnfx¿df sºo'{ cfb]z hf/L u/]/ :yfgLo k|zf;gn] …zflGtÚ sf] cg'e"lt ul//x]sf] 5 . ;ftf}+ lbg;Dd kmf§km'§ /fhwfgLsf ;8sdf ;jf/L ;fwg u'8]sf] b]lvPsf eP klg cf7f}+ lbgb]lv /fhwfgLsf] ;8s klg nueu 7Kk x'g k'u]sf] 5 . )^@÷^# sf] ;ftbnsf] cfGbf]ngnfO{ pl5Gg] vfnsf] o;k6ssf] t/fO{jf;Lx¿sf] cfGbf]ngn] ;ftbnsf] ;Qf ;fem]bf/LnfO{ r'gf}tL lbPsf] cg'ej ;a}nfO{ ePsf] 5 .

t/fO{ s]Gb|Lt elgPsf] o; k6ssf] cfGbf]ngn] )^@÷^# sf] cfGbf]ngsf andf ;Qfdf k'u]sf ;ftbnnfO{ ;Qfdf al;/xg nHhfjf]w ug'{ kg]{ ;Gb]z lbPsf] 5 . t/fO{sf] cfGbf]ngn] ;ftbnLo u7aGwgsf x/]s lqmofsnfknfO{ r]tfjgL lb+b} ;+ljwfg;efsf] r'gfj;d]t ;kmn x'g glbg] r'gf}tL lbO{;s]sf] 5 . t/fO{df cfGbf]ng/t kf6L{x¿n] lgjf{rg cfof]udf aGb ;"rL;d]t k|:t't gu/]sf sf/0faf6 ;+ljwfg;efsf] r'gfjdf t/fO{df cfGbf]ng/t kf6L{x¿ ;xefuL gx'g] lglZrt ePsf] 5 eg] t/fO{sf] ;xeflutf lagf ;+ljwfg;efsf] r'gfjn] k"0f{tf gkfpg] klg lglZrt} 5 . To;sf/0f klg ;ftbnn] ;Qfdf al;/xg] g}lts cfwf/ ca u'dfPsf] 5 .

)^@÷^# sf] !( lbg] cfGbf]ngn] /fhfnfO{ ;Qf 5f]8\g afWo kf/]sf] xf] . 3f]lift¿kd} tLg jif{sf nflu ;Qfsf] afu8f]/ ;Dxfn]sf /fhfn] !% dlxgfd} ;ftbn / dfcf]jfbLnfO{ ;Qf ;'lDkg' k/]sf] lyof] . /fhfsf] g]t[Tjsf] ;/sf/n] !( lbgdf @! hgf cfGbf]ngsf/Lsf] Hofg lnPsf] cf/f]k nufPsf] ;ftbnLo u7aGwgn] ;Qfsf] afu8f]/ ;Dxfn]sf] b'O{ jif{ k"/f x'g ca b'O{ dlxgf klg af“sL 5}g . o;aLr Ps;o eGbf a9L dflg; dfl/Psf 5g\ . Ps jif{leq} ;+ljwfg;efsf] r'gfj ;DkGg u/fpg] jfrf aGwgsf ;fy ;Qfl;g x'g k'u]sf] ;ftbnLo u7aGwgsf ;fd' t/fO{sf] cfGbf]ng afws aGg k'u]sf] 5 . /fhfsf] tLg jif]{ k|lta4tfnfO{ k"/f x'g glbg ;ftbnn] lx+;fTds o'4/t g]skf dfcf]jfbLl;t ;xsfo{ u/L cfGbf]ngnfO{ pTsif{df k'¥ofPh:t} t/fO{jf;Lx¿n] klg t/fO{ If]qdf lx+;fTds o'4/t kIfx¿nfO{ ;xofqL agfP/ cfGbf]ngnfO{ vt/gfs df]8df k'¥ofpg] ;Defjgf a9]/ u}/x]sf] 5 . t/fO{ :jfoQtfsf lglDt t/fO{ If]qsf] hgdt a'‰g t/fO{jf;Ln] dfu u/] eg] Tof] l:ylt ;aeGbf 3fts x'g]5 . To:tf] l:ylt ljsl;t gx'“b} ;d:ofnfO{ ;Daf]wg ug{ ;lsPg / l:yltnfO{ lgoGq0fdf lnOPg eg] Tof] l:ylt klg gcfpnf eGg ;ls+b}g .

;ftbnLo u7aGwg ;/sf/sf u[xdGqL klg zfxL ;/sf/sf u[xdGqL sdn yfkfs} z}nLdf cfGbf]ng/t kIfnfO{ pQ]lht kfg]{ sfd ul//x]sf 5g\ . cfGbf]ng/t kIfsf] cad"Nog ug]{ / pgLx¿sf dfuk|lt gsf/fTds aGg] zfxL ;/sf/sf u[xdGqLsf] z}nL xf] . ToxL z}nL u7aGwg ;/sf/n] canDag ul//x]sf] 5 . :jod\ k|wfgdGqLn] g} cfGbf]ng/t kIfnfO{ pQ]lht kfg]{ cleJolQm lbPsf 5g\ . cfGbf]lnt kIfnfO{ jftf{sf] 6]a'ndf gaf]nfp“b} dfux¿ k"/f gul/g] eg]/ hjfkm kmsf{pg'n] k|wfgdGqLsf] lgotnfO{ z+sfsf] 3]/fdf kf/]sf] 5 .

)^@÷^# sf] cfGbf]ngdf p7\b} gp7]sf ;+3Lo / hftLo :jfoQtfsf s'/fx¿n] cGtl/d ;+ljwfgdf :yfg kfPkl5 d'n's cfGbf]lnt aGg k'u]sf] b]lvG5 . ;'Gbf s0f{lk|o nfUg] :jfoQtf / cfTdlg0f{osf s'/fnfO{ Jojxf/df nfu" ug{ slt s7Lg 5 eGg] s'/f t/fO{ cfGbf]ngn] :ki6 kfl//x]sf] 5 .

bz jif]{ hgo'4sf bf}/fgdf g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ n] ;+u7g lj:tf/sf lglDt nf]slk|o gf/fsf ¿kdf p7fPsf] dw];Lx¿sf] cfTdlg0f{o / :jfoQtfsf] s'/fn] cfh h'g /fi6« ljv08gsf] cfwf/ tof/ ul//x]sf] 5, o;}n] g} dfcf]jfbLsf] bz jif]{ hgo'4sf] ;a}eGbf gsf/fTds kIfnfO{ k|blz{t ul//x]sf] 5 . ;lbcf}+b]lv bljPsf :j/x¿nfO{ cfTdlg0f{o / :jfoQtfsf lglDt bz jif]{ hgo'4n] hfu?s u/fPsf] eg]/ dfcf]jfbLsf tkm{af6 bDe JoQm ul/Psf cleJolQm klg k9\g / ;'Gg kfOG5 . k/Gt', slyt …hfu?stfÚ n] /fi6« ljv08gsf] ljhf/f]k0f ul//x]sf] tYok|lt dfcf]jfbLsf] g]t[Tj ;r]t aGg ;ls/x]sf] 5}g .

t/fO{ If]qdf dfcf]jfbLn] bz jif]{ hgo'4sf anaf6 Psflt/ lx+;fTds hTyf pTkfbg u/]sf] 5 eg] csf]{lt/ ;LdfjtL{ d'n'saf6 t/fO{df a;f]af; ub}{ cfPsf cfk/flws dflg;x¿nfO{ gful/stf lbnfP/ ;d:of yf]kg]{ sfd u/]sf] 5 . bz jif]{ hgo'4sf pTkflbt lx+;fTds hTyfn] g} t/fO{ If]qsf hgtfnfO{ ljv08gsf nflu k|lzlIft ul//x]sf 5g\ . of] ljv08gsf] cfjfhn] cfTdlg0f{osf] clwsf/ eGb} t/fO{ If]qnfO{ g]kfnaf6 cnu ub}{ dw]; /fi6« 3f]if0ff ug{ t/fO{jf;Lx¿aLr hgdt ;+u|xsf] dfu ug{ k'Uof] eg] Tof] dfunfO{ Gofof]lrt dfGg] ls gdfGg] < ;ftbnLo u7aGwgn] ;ftbnsf lglDt dfq ug{ u}/x]sf] ;+ljwfg;efsf] r'gfjsf] lj/f]w ;j{q e}/x]sf a]nf of] ;Dj]bgzLn k|Zgtkm{ Wofg lbg' h?/L 5 . c?nfO{ lgif]w ubf{ cfkm" klg lgif]w x'g' knf{ eGg] r]tgf ;ftbnsf g]tfx¿nfO{ x'g' h?/L 5 .

‘nf]stGq’ kLl8t b]z, hgtfsf] ;Gb]z

– alb|g/l;+x s]=;L=

sDo'lgi6 / dw];L kf6L{sf tkm{af6 o;kfnLsf] k|hftGq lbj; -kmfu'g ;ft_df z'esfdgf ;Gb]z cfPg . …k|hftGqjfbLÚ kf6L{x¿sf z'esfdgf ;Gb]zeGbf /fhfsf] z'esfdgfn] a9L hgrf;f] kfof], t/ hg:t/df ck]Iffs[t /fhfsf] ;Gb]z hlt …s8fÚ cfpnf eGg] lyof], Tolt ePg . /fhfn] af]n]sf] ljifodf cl3cl3sf t'n]uf“8fsf] h:tf] k|ltlqmof klg ;'lgPg . /fhfn] of] eGbf …s8fÚ af]n] klg hgtfn] To;nfO{ ;xh ¿kdf lng] lyP, t/ To;f] gx'g'nfO{ /fhfsf] ;+od elg“b}5 . cfjZostf / kl/l:yltn] /fhfnfO{ /fhgLlts af]nLsf ;fy cem} s8f efiff af]Ng 3R3RofO/x]sf] 5 .

;+ljwfg;efsf] r'gfj x'g]df z+s} 5, t/ klg ;+ljwfg n]Vg hDhdfpg] l6s6fyL{x¿sf] eL8 zlQm s]Gb|x¿df afSn} b]lv“b}5 . ^)! hgfsf] kN6g 5fGg] 6]08/ hf] v'n]sf] 5, 6]08/df kg]{ xf]8afhL rs]{/ cfPsf] 5 . kf6L{x¿ To:tf l6s63/ dfq ePsf 5g\, hxf“af6 l6s6 lnPkl5 l;g]df xnleq l5/]sf] jf uGtJodf k'Ug lx“8]sf] a6'jfnfO{ l6s63/sf] dfof df]nflxhf slt xf];\ <

kl/l:yltn] ;r]t ;j{;fwf/0fnfO{ of] ;"qjfSosf] r]tgf lbg yfn]sf] 5– k|hftGq ;l8Pkl5 nf]stGq x'G5 . 5f8ftGqsf] k/fsfi6fdf u0ftGq x'G5 . d'n'ssf] ;a}eGbf lhDd]jf/ / hjfkmb]xL x'g'kg]{ k|wfgdGqL h:tf] kbflwsf/L g} oltv]/ nf]stGqsf gfddf ;8]sf] k|hftGq b]vfO/x]sf 5g\, u0ftGqsf] ofqfdf 5f8ftGqsf ofjt\ lqmofsnfk lgn{Hh 9Ën] cdn ul//x]sf 5g\ eg] nf]stGq / u0ftGqdf x'g'kg]{ s:tf] t † of] eGbf cwd / vtd x'g;lsg] 7fp“ g} 5}g .

d'n'ssf] ;j{zlQmdfg kbflwsf/Lsf ¿kdf lul/hfafa" lj/fhdfg 5g\ . pgsf] …nf]stflGqs zf;gÚsf xfdL zfl;t hgtf zf]lift klg ePsf 5f}“ . pgn] ljutdf u0f]zdfg l;+x jf s[i0fk|;fb e§/fO{ h:tf cfkm"eGbf Ho]i7 g]tfx¿nfO{ ;x]gg\, z]/axfb'/ b]pjfnfO{ ;d]t af“sL /fv]gg\ . /fhfb]lv cfºg} kf6L{sf g]tf / ;xsdL{;d]t pgsf] :jfy{df lkl;P . of] lk;fO axfb'/Lsf] xf]Og, cf;'/L k|j[lQsf] Bf]ts lyof] . cfh pgL Oltxf; / g]kfnL sf“u|];nfO{ lk;]/ Wj:t agfpg nfluk/]sf 5g\ . zlQmsf] ;b'kof]u u/] dflg; axfb'/ x'G5, b'¿kof]u u/] c;'/ x'G5 . lul/hfafa"n] zlQm b'¿kof]uåf/f b]vfpg] h'g ¿k xf], ToxL ¿k j/0f u/]sf 5g\ . pgnfO{ …xfdLÚ eGg slxNo} cfPg, …dÚ eGg] dkfO“jfbn] ajf{bLlt/ l3;fl//x]sf] 5, h'g ajf{bL ;“u;“u} /fi6«sf] ajf{bL eO/x]sf] 5 . t/ ca jjf{bL v]Kg] kfnf] pgs} xf] . …nf]stGqÚsf] cfj/0fdf tfgfzfxL s'rqm rnfpg]x¿sf] sxL“ klg ;'vfGt ePsf] 5}g eg] lul/hfafa" To;sf] ckjfb xf]nfg\ eGg] ;+efjgf klg 5}g .

;b\efjgf kf6L{ -cfgGbLb]jL_n] ;ftbnsf] u7aGwg 5f]8]sf] 3f]if0ff ul/;s]sf] 5 . …/fhgLlts ;xdltÚsf cfwf/df ag]sf] ;ftbnLo u7aGwg g} elTsPkl5 ;f] ;xdltsf cfwf/df ag]sf cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, cGtl/d ;/sf/ / cGtl/d ;+;b s'g j}wflgstfsf cfwf/df l6Sg] < cGtl/d ;+ljwfgsf] ;|f]t g} …;ftbnsf] /fhgLlts ;xdltÚ xf] . of] tYo cGtl/d ;+ljwfgdf g} …ANofs P08 XjfO6Ú dflgPsf] 5 . cGtl/d ;+ljwfgsf] k|:tfjgf;lxt tLg 7fp“df /fhgLlts ;xdlt g} cGtl/d Joj:yfsf] cfwf/ dflgPsf] 5 eg] cfwf/ g} elTsPsf] l:yltdf ;ftbnsf] ;/sf/ s;/L j}wflgs x'g;S5 < o;k|sf/ ;+j}wflgs ;+s6 pTkGg ePsf] 5 . OHhtsf] kjf{x 5 eg] lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnfn] g}ltstfsf cfwf/df t'?Gt /flhgfdf lbg' kg]{ xf] . OHhtsf] kjf{x gePkl5, nf]stGq eg]sf] dgkl/ ug]{ nfO;]G; ePsf] cj:yfdf h;n] h] u/] klg eof] .

;+ljwfg;efsf] r'gfj x'G5 jf x'“b}g eGg] ljjfblt/ ghfcf}“, Tof] r'gfj x'g ;s] klg s] k|of]hg 5 < o; ;jfndf Wofg lbcf}“ . ;+ljwfg;efsf] cfsf/ / cfotg x/]s k6s r'gfj :yug;“u} a9fp“b} nu]/ ^)! sf] pb]s nfUbf], af}n¶Lk"0f{, ctfls{s / e2f ;+/rgf v8f ug{' eg]sf] r'gfj u/fpg] dg;fo gePs} xf] . ;+efjgf k|jn 5, ca klg r'gfjsf] ldlt ;fl/of] eg] of] ;+Vof cem} a9\g]5 . lgjf{lrt eP/ aGg] ;+ljwfgk|lt cfh s;}nfO{ klg cf:yf jf ljZjf; 5}g . cf:yf / ljZjf; eP /fhgLlts j[Qaf6} o:tf] t“5f8d5f8, pl5gfpl5g\, xfgfxfg\ / tfgftfg\ x'g] g} lyPg . ;+ljwfg;efn] cgltqmDo ¿kdf kfpg'kg]{ ljz]ifflwsf/ vf];]/ clxn] g} ;a} lg0f{o ul/;Sg] xf] eg] lsg rflxof] l/Qf] sfuhL aS;f h:tf] Tof] ;+ljwfg;ef † ;+ljwfg;efnfO{ ;ftbnLo zf;gsf] ljjz aGbL / lghL{j /a/5fk agfpg] sfd lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnfnfO{ d'Vo ;fIfL agfP/ pgs} /f]xj/df c¿ ^ g]tfx¿n] ul/;s] .

hf];“u e]6 x'“bf klg dnfO{ b'O6} k|Zg ;f]Wg] ul/G5– …ca s] x'G5 <Ú / …/fhfn] s] unf{g\ -ub}{5g\_<Ú . h] gx'g' lyof] e};Sof] eg] ca x'g af“sL g} s] 5 / ca s] xf]nf egL ;f]Wg'x'G5 < g]kfnL hgtf nf]stflGqs zf;gsf] kf}/vdf lklN;/x]sf 5g\ . …nf]stGqÚ kLl8t hgtfn] ;8sdf pq]/, …of] b]z /fhfsf] klg xf], r"k gnfu cufl8 a9Ú eg]5g\ eg] /fhfn] klg eGnfg\ …ltdLx¿ g} eg hgtf hgfb{g\ † d}n] s] ug{'k¥of] .Ú clxn] /fhf …df}g ko{j]Ifs lqmofzLn ;|f]tfÚ (Silent Observer Active Listener) eP/ sf] slt k|hftGqjfbL eGg] hgtfsf] ;jfndf ;Rrf k|hftGqjfbL k|dfl0ft eO/x]sf 5g\ .

kl/l:yltn] Ps kmGsf nufPkl5 clxn] km]l/ hgtfn] /fhfsf] vf]hL ug{ yfn]sf] pb\3f]if0f x'gyfNof] . afuahf/ -sf7df8f}“_ sf] leQfdf s'g} k]G6/n] afSnf] sfuhdf n]v]/ 6f“;]sf] k9]sf] lyP“– …/fhf xf]Og, ;ftbnsf] zf;g rf]/ xf], of] g]kfnL hgtfsf] :j/ xf] .Ú nflhDkf6sf] leQfdf sfnf] sk8fdf ;]tf cIf/n] n]v]sf] klg kl9of]–

…Uof“; 5}g, dl§t]n 5}g, lah'nL 5}g
zflGt ;'/Iff 5}g y'Ss ;/sf/ † t“nfO{ nfh 5 ls 5}g <Ú

‘PDk/;{ Go" Snf]Y;\ syfsf afns rGb|z]v/

– 8f= afa'/fd e§/fO{{+

@)$^ ;fn df3 % ut] u0f]zdfg l;+xsf] 3/sDkfp08df cfof]lht k|=g]=sf“= sf] ;Dd]ngdf rGb|z]v/ nufotsf ef/tLo g]tfx¿n] af]n]sf s'/f ca Oltxf; alg;s]sf] 5 . rGb|z]v/n] s] af]n] t < Tof] s'/f] oxf“ n]Vg] :jtGqtf e}lbPsf] eP g t rGb|z]v/n] Tolt s'/f af]Ng] 7fp“ x'GYof] g t )!& ;fnb]lv ulx{t elgb} cfPsf] s'/f Pp6f ljb]zLn] cfkm\g} b]zleq cfP/ af]Nbf pkl:yt bzf}+ xhf/sf] hg;d'bfon] s/tn WjgLsf ;fy :jfut ub{Yof] . t}klg clxn] b]zdf k~rx¿sf] jQmJosf] af9L rn]sf] 5–rGb|z]v/sf] af]lnn] g]kfnL …;fj{ef}ldstfÚ df vnn k'Uof] /] † k~rx¿sf] …e§];/fkÚ n] of] ;fj{ef}ldstf hf]luG5 /] †

;f“Rr} g} s';L{sf] lnnf ck/Dkf/ x'“bf] /x]5 † cl3Nnf] lbg ;/sf/L d'vkq …uf]/vfkqÚ n] lgs} uf}/jsf ;fy 5fKof]– rGb|z]v/n] …g]kfndf k|hftGq 5}g eg]sf] 5}gÚ -cyf{t k|hftGq 5 †_ eg] eg]/ . cyf{t\ rGb|z]v/n] lqe'jg ljdfg:yn leq}af6 g]kfnsf] ljBdfg Joj:yfsf] k|z+;f ubf{ g]kfnsf] cfGtl/s dfldnfdf x:tIf]k x'“bf] /x]g5, t/ ef]lnkN6 u0f]zdfg l;+xsf] 3/ sDkfp08af6 Joj:yfsf] lj/f]w ubf{ …g]kfnsf] ;fj{ef}ldstfdf g} cf“rÚ k'Ubf] /x]5 .

8f=;'a|Df0od\ :jfdL / /fhLa ufGwLsf lgs6d\ ldq Pd=h]= csa/n] klg To; lbg leQ} 5]8]/ af]Ng af“sL /fv]gg\ . oL b'a};“u ljutdf g]kfnsf Joj:yfjfbLx¿sf] lgs6td\ ;DaGw /lxcfPsf] 5 . b'a}n] k|i6;“u To; lbg ljutdf oxf“sf ;Qf;Lgx¿;“u 3lgi6 ;DaGw /x“b} cfPsf] / pgLx¿nfO{ /fhgLlts ;dy{g lb+b} cfPsf] pNn]v u/] . 8f= =;'a|d0od\ :jfdL ef/tsf ;a} ;fgf l5d]sL b]zx¿nfO{ ef/tdf ufe]/ Pp6} …ef/tjif{Ú agfOg'k5{ eGg] ljrf/ /fVb5g\ . t/ pgn] To;}lbg eg] cg';f/ OlGb/f ufGwLsf] Od/h]G;L zf;gsfndf pgL g]kfndf zfxL cltly eP/ a;]sf lyP . To:t} g]kfnnfO{ ;d]t ufe]/ Pp6} …lxGb"/fHoÚ cyjf …cv08 ef/tÚ agfOg'k5{ eGg] ef/tsf k'/fgf /fhf /hf}6fx¿n] el/Psf] kf6L{ …ef/tLo hgtf kf6L{Ú -klxn]sf] ef/tLo hg;+3_ ;“u g]kfnsf ;Qf;Lgx¿sf] ;aeGbf glhssf] ;DaGw 5 . -To;}n] ;DejtM efhkf k|ltlglw sf+u|];L ;Dd]ngdf cfPgg\_ . ltg} k'/fgf ef/tLo /fhf /hf}6fx¿sf] kl/jf/;“u g]kfnsf /f0ff tyf clehft kl/jf/x¿ clxn] klg j}jflxs ;DaGw uf“:g' OHhtsf] s'/f 7fGb5g\ . Ujflno/sf] l;+lwof kl/jf/ / sflZd/sf] s0f{ l;+x kl/jf/;“usf] j}jflxs ;DaGw o;sf s]xL pbfx/0f x'g\ . t}klg k~rx¿ cem} 3f]+qmf] ;'sfP/ kmnfls/x]5g\ g]kfnL ;fj{ef}ldstf / /fli6«o :jfwLgtfsf] /Iff pgLx¿n] dfq ul//x]5g\ / pgLx¿n] dfq ug{ ;S5g\ .

cflv/ k~rx¿sf] cfklQ s]df xf] <– rGb|z]v/n] g]kfnleq cfP/ af]n]sf]df ls ljBdfg lg/+s'z Joj:yfsf] lj/f]w u/]sf]df < ljb]zL ljwfosx¿ g]kfnleq cfP/ af]n]sf]df dfq} cfklQ xf] eg] ut xKtfdfq} k|mfG;sf] / s]xL xKtf klxn] hd{gLsf] ljwflosfsf k|ltlglwx¿ oxf“ s;/L …zfxL cltlyÚ aGg ;s] / oxf“ #) jif{df ePsf] k|ultsf] k|;+zf u/]/ kms]{ < If]qkf6Ldf Tof] ;Dd]ng rln/x]s} a]nf cy{dGqL e/taxfb'/ k|wfg ;a} ljb]zL s'6gLlts lgof]u / ldzgsf k|ltlglwx¿sf] cufl8 leIffsf] emf]nL yfk]/ s'g rfxL+ /fli6«o :jfledfgsf] /Iff ub}{ x'g'x'GYof] < ef/tLo lj:tf/jfbLx¿;“u xfd|f Joj:yfjfbLx¿sf] ;f“Rr} g} Toqf] ljt[i0ff / cnufj xf] eg] ef/tLo d"nsf / cBfjlw ef/tLo gful/s /x]sf df/jf8L Jofkf/Lx¿ df]6f] y}nL e]6 r9fPs} e/df oxf“ af/Daf/ eO/xg] pRr:t/Lo ;/sf/L tyf cw{ ;/sf/L ;ef ;df/f]xsf ;DdfgLo cltly s;/L e}/x]5g\ < cyjf a]nf a]vtdf ;/sf/L kbs / cfe"if0fn] s;/L lje"lift e}/xG5g\ <

s'/f] k|i6} 5–k~rx¿sf] cf8Da/L /fi6«jfb g]kfnL hgtfsf hgtflGqs cfsf+Iffdfly lgn{Hh anfTsf/ ug]{ ;lhnf] xts08f ePsf] 5 . clxn];Ddsf] Oltxf;n] l;4 ul/;s]sf] 5– g]kfnsf ;aeGbf 7"nf c/fli6«o tTj k+rx¿ x'g\ . of] cjZo} xf] oxf“ ;w} ljb]zLsf] d'v tfSg] / ljb]zLs} cflzjf{bn] ;Qfdf k'Ug] cyjf k|hftGq Nofpg] ;kgf b]Vg]x¿sf] sdL oxf“ 5}g . t/ clxn] #) jif{;Dd lg/+s'z zf;g rnfP/ b]znfO{ hh{/ kfg]{ / ;a} vfn] ljb]zL n'6]/fx¿nfO{ b]zdf lgjf{w n'6kf6 dRrfpg lbg] k+rx¿ g} 5§' :ofnsf] syfdfem}+ h'g k|sf/n] …lrn cfof], lrn cfof]Ú eg]/ s/fp“b} k'gM …s'v'/f rf]g]{Ú bfp ub}{5g\, To;af6 ;a} ;r]t g]kfnL cjZo} ;ts{ x'g'k5{ .

hxf“;Dd rGb|z]v/x¿n] af]n]sf] ljifoj:t'sf] s'/f] 5– xfdL ;a} ;r]t g]kfnL vf;u/L cfkm"nfO{ a'l4hLjL 7fGg]x¿n] cfkm"nfO{ lwSsfg'{ k5{ ls xfdLn] cfkm\gf] a|Dxn] b]v]sf] s'/f] af]Ng] cf“6 slxNo} u/]gf}+ . …PDk/;{ Go" Snf]Y;\Ú syfsf] afnsn] em}+ rGb|z]vx¿n] g]kfnsf] jf:tljsl:yltaf/] xfdLnfO{ atfO lbg'k¥of] . Tof] gf+uf] ;TonfO{ k+rx¿n] km]l/ 9fs5f]k ug]{ h'g ldYof k|of; ub}{5g\ cyjf …emf]nfaf6 plDs;s]sf] lj/fnf]Ú nfO{ km]l/ ef]n}df kmsf{pg] h'g s;/t ul//x]5g\ To;nfO{ ;kmn x'g\ lbof}+ eg] xfdLn] cfkm"nfO{ ;r]t dfgj eGg] clwsf/af6 ;w}sf lglDt a+lrt u/]sf x'g]5f}+ .

xf], g]kfnsf] hl6n e"–/fhgLlts kl/k|]Ifo / jt{dfg cltdxfzlQm ;fd|fHojfbsf] o'udf /fli6«o / hgtGqaLrsf] ;Gt'ng clnslt klg lalu|of] eg] eo+s/ cgy{ cfOnfUg ;S5 . To;} lglDt b]zsf ;Rrf b]zeQm / hgtflGqs zlQmx¿ cufl8 a9]/ k+rx¿sf] vf]qmf] /fi6«jfbsf] gf/f / ljb]zL vt/fnfO{ sd cf“Sg] …k|hftGqjfbLÚ x¿sf] d'Vof{“O{nfO{ k/f/:t ug'{ k/]sf] 5 . t/ Pp6f s'/f k|i6 5– ef]ln cfpg] s'g} klg Joj:yf /fli6«otf / hgtGqsf] lxtsf] b[li6n] jt{dfg Joj:yfeGbf g/fd|f] x'g ;Sb}g .

-;fKtflxs o'u;Gb]z, c+s !& jif{ &, @)$^ df3 !@_

b]zsf zf]ifs ;fdGtx¿nfO{ kmfNg ;Sg'k5{

– s[i0fk|;fb b'jfn
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d]/f] hGd lj=;+ !((^ ;fn efb| !% ut] ePsf] xf] . d]/f] lktfsf] gfd u0f]zaxfb'/ b'jfn / dftf lvns'df/L b'jfn xf] . d]/f] hGd :yfg ag]kf xf] . clxn] d dxsfn rf]ssf] cf]/fnf] skgdf Pp6f sf]7f lnP/ al;/x]sf] 5' . /f0ffsfnLg c“Wof/f]df hGd]sf]n] d lzIffsf] pHofnf] af6f]lt/ 3'Dg kfOg . To;a]nf d]/f] ag]kfdf ljBfno lyPgg\ . k9\g] 7fp“ geP klg v]Ng] 7fp“x¿ lyP . slxn] rp/df, slxn] rf]sdf, slxn] sfxL+ af6f]df v] Ny+ ] . v]Ng] ;fwg u'R5f, 8l08ljof], sk8L / kmnfd] 5ftfsf] ;fOsn u'8fpg] a; o:t}df v]n]/ /dfpy]“ . lxhf]sf s]6fs]6L dWo] d klg Pshgf k|d'v g} x'“nf . k9\g' k5{ eGg] 1fg lyPg . v]Ng kfP, vfg kfP k'UYof] . of] ;a} /f0ffx¿sf] s'zf;gsf] kmn xf] .

s'g ;fn xf] yfxf ePg . aGf]kfdf tLgwf/f dflysf] Pp6f kf6L{df ;+:s[t kf7zfnf v'Nof] / Toxf“ klg d k9\g uP“ . Toxf“ d}n] lxtf]kb]z / k~rtGq k9]“ . x'g t d ;fIf/ ePsf] d]/f] lktfhLsf] k|of;sf] kmn xf] . ljBfnodf geP klg lktfhL ePsfn] dnfO{ k9\g ;lhnf] eof] . pxf“ :jod\ lzlIft x'g'x'GYof] . pxf“af6} d}n] c+u|]hL klg l;s] .

xfd|f] sk8f k;n klg lyof] . sk8f lsGg lktfhL a/fa/ sf7df8f}+df cfpg' x'GYof] . kms{bf sk8fsf;fy} s]xL lstfa / kqklqsf klg Nofpg' x'GYof] . c4}t ;+:yfsf ;+:yfks l5ljz rGb|sf] lstfjx¿ t k|fo k|sflzt ;a} Nofpg' x'GYof] . hlt kqklqsf / lstfax¿ Nofpg' x'GYof] hDd} d}n] k9\y]+ . /ljGb|gfy 6}uf]/sf] uLtf~hnL t d}n] s]6fs]6Ld} k9]sf] lyP“ . kqklqsfdf yf}“sxL, g]kfn, l;s, wdf]{bo, -g]jf/L efiffsf_ / d}ynLdf k/f]ksf/, cfo'j]{b / pbo klg k9“] . agf/;af6 …pboÚsf sfzLaxfb'/ >]i7 lktfhLnfO{ e]6\g xfd|f] 3/df cfpg' ePsf] lyof] . lktfhL g]kfnL sf+u|}; sfe|] lhNnfsf sf]iffWoIf x'g'x'GYof] . pxf“n] u/]/ g} d g]kfnL sf+u|]; * g+= lgjf{rg If]qsf] ;lrj x'g k'u]“ .

!& ;fndf /fhf dx]Gb|sf] k+rfotL kfOnfn] g]kfnL sf+u|]; lgjf{rg ;/sf/sf] la36g u/L wdfwd g]tfx¿nfO{ ;dft]/ h]n xfn] . lhNnf lhNnfdf klg lhNnf:t/Lo g]tfx¿ wdfwd ;dfltP . d rfxL+ efu]/ kf“r dlxgf;Dd e"ldut eP/ lx8+] . kl5 eQmk'/df ;dfltP“ .

;fyLx¿sf] nxnx}df d sfe|] lhNnfsf] g]kfn o'js ;+u7gsf] lglj{/f]w lhNnf ;efklt klg x'g k'u]“ . afudtL c+rn ;efkltsf] lgjf{rgdf klg d pd]bjf/ eP“ . t/ 7"nfa8fsf] rfs8L ug{ g;s]sfn] d}n] r'gfj xf/]sf] lyP“ .

)#^ ;fnsf] hgdt ;+u|x kl5sf] /fk;sf] lgjf{rgdf klg pd]bjf/ x'g k'u]“– sfe|]af6 . t/ Toxf“ klg xf/ eof] . s]6fs]6L a]nfb]lv g} ;flxTo n]Vg dg k/fpg] JolQmnfO{ /fhgLltdf s;n] 7fp“ lbG5 < O{Zj/n] g} dnfO{ ltd|f] If]q /fhgLlts xf]Og, ;flxTodf klg afn ;flxTo Toxf“, o;}df nflu/xg' k5{ eg]] h:t} nfu]/ clxn] sf7df8f}+df a;]/ afn ;flxTosf] pGgtLlt/ nflu/x]sf] 5' . clxn];Dd !# j6f afn ;flxTo sljtf / afasyf ;+u|xx¿ k|sflzt eO;s]sf 5g\ . k|sfzgpGd'v y'k|} syf / sljtfsf lstfjx¿ 5g\ .

;'gsf]zL ;flxTo k|lti7fgn] dnfO{ b'O{ jif{ dlxgfsf] b'O{ xhf/ afn ;flxTos n]vgs[lt eg]/ ;xof]u u/]sf] lyof] . ;'gsf]zL ;flxTos k|lti7fgn] g} w':jf“;fodLn] :yflkt u/]sf] lbn dfof k'/:sf/ bz xhf/ gub lbP/ ;d]t ;Ddfg u¥of] . sfe|] lhNnf ljsf; ;ldltn] klg ;flxTodf pTs[i6 sfd u/]] jfkt bz xhf/ lbO{ ;Ddfg u/]sf] lyof] . afn ;flxTo ;dfhn] d]/f] …afd k'8\s]Ú gfds k':tssf] nflu kf“r xhf/ gub lbO{ e}/xjfdf ;Ddflgt u/]sf] lyof] . kgf}tLn] gf} /Tg dWo] d klg Ps /Tg dfgL ;Ddfg u¥of] .

@)!$ ;fndf d klg sf+u|]; g} lyP“ . xfdLn] e/kfO{ cfGbf]ng u/]sf lyof}+ . To;a]nf Toxf“sf zf]ifs v/]nx¿ lyP“ . ltgLx¿n] Toxf“sf u/Lj, ls;fgx¿nfO{ Hofb} ;tfO /x]sf] kfP“ . xfdLn] To;sf] lj/f]w cleofg ;'? u¥of}{+ . xfdLnfO{ tL v/]nx¿n] 8f“sfsf] ;+1f lbO{ cfkm\gf] ;'/Iffsf nflu :yfgLo a8fxflsdl;t l;kfxL dfuL 3/df kfn] h:tf] /fv] . Jojxfl/s lqmofsnfkdf klg pgLx¿s} af]njfnf rNYof] . ls;fgx¿sf] htL klg v]t, afnL / xfQL hDd} v/]nx¿sf gfddf x'Gy] . pgLx¿sf] lj/f]w u¥of] eg] tL u/Lj, ls;fgx¿sf] p7Laf; x'GYof] .

@)#^ ;fnsf] hgdt ;+u|x kl5sf] /fk;sf] lgjf{rgdf tL v/]nx¿n] ufp“df cfkm\g} cufl8 dtbftfx¿nfO{ 5fk nufpg lbO{ aS;fdf dt v;fNg nufP . To;a]nfb]lv dnfO{ lgjf{rgk|lt >4f 36\of] . lsgls hgtf g} lzlIft / ;hu geP kl5 r'gfjsf] dxŒj x'bf] /x]g5 eGg] dnfO{ nfUof] .

xfn u0ftGqsf] s'/f p7]sf] 5, u0ftGq dfq eP/ x'“b}g, s:tf] vfnsf] u0ftGq xf] < d'Vo k|Zg xf] . ef/tdf klg u0ftGq 5 . snsQfsf] Kn]6 kmfd{df 3/af/ljxLg b'O{ nfv JolQmx¿ ;'T5g\ . To:t} u0ftGq xf] ls < kfls:tfgdf klg u0ftGq 5\, dlxnfx¿n] a'sf{ nufP/ lx8\g' kg]{ s:tf] u0ftGq xf] < xfd|f] g]kfndf d}n] :jo+ cWoog u/]sf] 5'– af}4 u'Dafsf] jl/kl/ ?dfn 5f]]k]/ dfuL /x]sf duGt]x¿ @&% hgf /x]5g\ . kz'klt / 306f3/lg/ ;d]t k|;:t dfqfdf u/Lax¿ b]lvG5g\ . htftt} ;8ssf] k]6Ldf u/Lax¿, c;Qm klN6/x]sf ofq'x¿l;t xft yflk/x]sf cglulGt ¿kdf /x]sf 5g\ . o:t} k|sf/n] ul/aL ;d:ofx¿ b]zdf /xL/xg] eP Tof] u0ftGqsf] s] sfd /xG5 <

cfhsn g]kfn dhb'/ ls;fg kf6L{sf cWoIf gf/fo0fdfg ljh'S5]sf] ;dfhjfbL u0ftGqsf] cjwf/0ff g} b]zsf] nflu cTofjZos b]v]sf] 5' . pgsf] ;dfhjfbL u0ftGqn] g} b]zsf] ;Dk"0f{ ;d:of ;dfwfg x'G5, b]zsf] ;d:of eg]sf] g} ul/aL, a]sf/L ;d:of xf] . /fhfnfO{ t clxn] kmfln;lsPsf] 5 t/ b]zsf zf]ifs, ;fdGtLx¿ 5“b}5g\, pgLx¿nfO{ klg kmfNg' kb{5 . kz'klt zdz]/ /f0ff h:tf] JolQm %% k|ltzt tfdfª hflt ePsf] l;Gw'kfNrf]s lhNnfaf6 ;w} lgjf{lrt x'G5g\ . of] t ePg, u0ftGqdf klg o:t} x'g] xf] ls < kz'klt zdz]/ h:tf c? ;of}+ ;fdGtL zf]ifsx¿ 5g\, ltgLx¿nfO{ klg kmfNg' kb{5 .

gof“ g]kfnsf] cjwf/0ff lnP/ bzjif{ hgo'4 u/L k|j]z ePsf k|r08 h:tf JolQm klg cfh c;kmn x'g] xf] ls eGg] dnfO{ z+sf nfu]sf] 5 . b]z agfpg ;aeGbf klxnf g]tfx¿ Odfgbf/ x'g' k¥of] .

–k|:t'tL cf/s] /f}lgof/

zlQmsf bnfn g]tfx¿ /fi6« aaf{b kfb}{5g\

– u0f]z vqL

/fhgLlts bnx¿nfO{ ltgsf] uR5] cg';f/ bfdfzfxL ¿kn] ef/tn] /;b kfgLsf] aGbf]j:t ul/lbPkl5 /fhfsf] ;Qf 9n]sf] xf] Ps yl/sf] dfGotf 5 . @)$^ ;fndf klg ef/tn] o:t} sLt]{ sfd u/fP/ Joj:yf kl/jt{g u/fPsf] xf] eGg] klg pgLx¿sf] bfjL 5 . kl5Nnf] Joj:yf kl/jt{gdf o'/f]k]nL o'lgog / klZrdfx¿n] gful/s ;dfh, sfg'g Joj;foL / clwsf/sdL{dfly nufgL u/] . h;sf] k|d'v sf/0f ysf{p“bf yls{g] / xsfbf{ xlRsg] ;/sf/ pgLx¿nfO{ rflxPsf] lyof] . rLg lj/f]wL cleofgdf klZrdf, o'/f]k]nL / ef/tLox¿ ;dfg ¿kdf ;lqmo 5g\ eGg] oxf“ a'em\g h?/L 5 .

jf:tjdf xfdL g]kfnL hgtf hltsf] k6d'v{ b'lgof“df sf]xL klg 5}g xf]nf . /fi6«sf] jt{dfg cj:yf, /fli6«otfk|ltsf] vt/f, g]tfx¿sf] dgk/L tGq / /hf“O{ x]bf{ nfU5 xfdL hgfj/eGbf klg Go"g dfgl;s lrGtgsf eO;s]sf 5f}+ . ;Dk"0f{ s'/fx¿ u'dfp“b} ca yf]/} /x]sf] j+zfg'ut rl/q / ;f]Rg] zlQm klg u'dfO ;s]sf 5f}+ . ca t xfdL kmut e'“l8 ge?Gh]n d'vaf6 a'hf] xfNg] rkL{df …uf]Ao|fpg]Ú afx]s c? Ifdtfsf /x]gf}+ .

g]kfnL hgtfn] :jfledfgL b]zeQm gful/s xf}+ eGg] k'Vof}{nL zfg )$^ ;fnb]lv qmlds ¿kdf u'dfp“b} cfPsf x'g\ . clxn] t z"Godf lu/]5 . s;}n] ;u/dfyf n'lDagL jf kz'klt If]qnfO{ oltdf lsG5' eGof] / ;ftbnn] a]lrlbP eg] hgtfsf] tkm{af6 k|ltsf/sf] cfjfh p7\g] 5}g . b}lgs @$ ;}+ 306f ljB"t cfk"lt{, aGb eP klg 6f“u]sf] tf/ x]/]s} e/df /fhLv';Lsf ;fy dx;'n ltg{ hgtf cu|;/ x'g]5g\ . Uof“;, l8h]n, k]6«f]n, dl§t]n 7\ofKk} aGb eP klg pgLx¿ af]Ng] 5}gg\ . lsgeg] z'l4 x/fPsf hgtfsf] k5fl8 ;ftbn 5g\ / ;ftbnsf] k5fl8 ef/t 5 .

g]kfnL hgtfnfO{ s'g k+5L, hgfj/ / peor/;“u t'ngf ug]{ / † wtL{df To:tf hLjsf] cfh;Dd ljsf; ePsf] 5}g . s's'/x¿ dWo] klg lvRrf] -e':ofxf_ s's'/;“u t'ngf u/f}+ eg] p;s} ckdfg x'G5 . slDtdf klg e':ofxf s's'/n] cfkm\gf] If]q / Toxf“ /x]sf] kmf]xf]/ s;}n] rnfPdf ;s] hfOnfU5 g;s] e's]/ klg ;zQm lj/f]w hgfp“5 . kmf]xf]/af6 Knfli6s a6'Ng]x¿nfO{ lsg e':ofxf s's'/n] v]bf] u5{g\ / /ftdf k|To]s 6f]ndf lsg pgLx¿ ldn]/ a:5g\ / sf]xL cfP ;fd'lxs k|ltsf/ u5{g eGg] ;a}n] b]v]s} x'g'kg]{ xf] .

ynfdf af“lwPsf /f“uf, uf]?, ufO{, e}+;Ln] cfkm\g} hftsf] k/fO cfPdf wkfpg yfN5g\ jf k|ltsf/ u5{g\ . ;a} k+5Ldf klg of] lgod nfu" x'G5 . s'jfsf] Eofu'tf]n] csf]{ cfPdf k|ltsf/ u5{ . Pp6f 3f/sf] df}/L csf]{df uP To:t} x'G5 . t/, b'Mvsf] s'/f dfG5]sf] ¿kdf d}dQ e} lx8]sf g]kfnL hgtfdf Pp6f e':ofxf s's'/sf] hlt klg :jfledfg /x]g . 3/sf] r'nf] an] anf];\, pHofnf] lge] lgef];\, zflGt / ;'Joj:yfn] ult 5f]8] 5f]8f];\ nf]stflGqs u0ftGqsf] /fuxLg ;+uLtdf e'Ng kfP eof] . zf]nf], em\ofp/], Sofa|] jf ;FDef g[Todf /dfpg kfP eof] .

clxn]sf] h'g k':tfn] g]kfnL ;dfhdf /hf“O{ ub}{5, k'vf{sf] jL/ufyf / :jfledfgsf] ukm 5f“6\g] p;“u j+zfg'ut clwsf/ 5}g . hgtfs} tfnL / pS;fx6df g]tf eO{ 6f]kn]sfx¿n] b]z ljqmL ubf{ / b}lgs pkef]usf j:t' qmdzM s6f}tL ubf{ ltg} hgtfnfO{ jf:tf 5}g . o:tfnfO{ cfw'lgs efiff lj1fgn] hf]Ol6+u|] eGbf ultnf] pkdf kSs} klg lb+b}g xf]nf . :jtGq b]zsf gful/s xf}+ eGg] ul/dfdfly cfkm\g} cf“vf cufl8 sfnf] Wjf“;f] kf]lt+bf df}g /xg] / a]t'ssf] nf]stflGqs u0ftGqsf] /fudf e'Ng]nfO{ s;/L :jfledfgL eGg] <

olb clxn] hgtf ;f“Rr}s} ;r]t, kl/jt{gsfdL / b]zeQm x'Gy] t dfcf]jfbLsf an]/f] / sf+u|]; Pdfn]sf kh]/f]x¿ ;8sd} hnfOg] lyP . >lds / ljkGgx¿ dfq xf]Og pRr dWod s'g} klg ju{sf] d/]t'No r]tsf] sf/0f Psftkm{ g]tfx¿ lrNnf uf8Ldf x'O{lsb}5g\ eg] csf]{nfO{ t]neg{ nfd nfu]sf hgtf g]tfsf] avfg ub}{ d:t 5g\ . b}lgs pkef]Uo j:t'sf] 7fp“ / ;do cg';f/ d"No km/s 5 . 3'dfO lkm/fO{ ef?sf] uGw Ps kN6 ;'“Wg kfPsf g]tfsf lk5nUu' hf]Ol6+u|] hgtfnfO{ s] sf] dtnj < gq kf6L{ sfof{nox¿ tf]l8g] lyP . ljb]zLsf] rfs/Ldf b'tfjf; wfpg] g]tfx¿ uf]lbg] lyP . c?0f t];|f] / dflyNnf] s0ff{nL NofKr] nufP/ ef/tLox¿nfO{ ;'Dkg] xft lu“l8g] lyP . /, hgtfsf] ;d:ofnfO{ phfu/ ug'{sf] ;f6f] slyt gof“ g]kfnsf] k6\of/nfUbf] ;dfrf/ km'Sg] PkmPdx¿ kmf]l/g] lyP, klqsfx¿ hnfOg] lyP . Tolt dfq sxf“ xf] / † /fhwfgLdf 7l8Psf g]tfsf dxnx¿ eid kfl/g] lyP . ;fy} ljv08gsf/L ;f]ru|:t t/fO{sf g]tfx¿ 6'“l8v]ndf hgtfåf/f l;:g' kfgLn] g'xfOg] lyP . t/, ckm;f]r † clxn] d'n'sdf h] e}/x]sf] 5 hf]Ol6+u|] hgtfsf] sf/0f pN6f] eO/x]sf] 5 . /fhgLlts bnsf g]tfx¿ o:t} dfsf{sf hgtf / b]zsf] b'xfO{ lbP/ :ofnsf] e"ldsf lgefO/x]sf 5g\ .

oxf“ nfvf}+ hgtfnfO{ e]+8f / 3f]8f;/L tx nufpg ;Sg] g]tfnfO{ lsg 5§' cyf{t\ rf]/ :ofn;“u t'ngf ul/of] eGg] k|Zg p7\nf . lhp8fn / vfGsL x]/]/ t'ngf ul/Psf] xf]Og . cfr/0f / jt{dfg cj:yfsf] jf:tljstfnfO{ bf“lhPsf] dfq} xf] . jg h+un5]pdf a;f]af; ePsfx¿nfO{ yfxf x'g'kg]{ xf] ls ha rf/}lt/ c“Wof/f] 5fp“5 h+un / cf;kf;sf ufp“ ysf{pg] u/L s/fp“5 . To;a]nf p;sf] jf:tljs xfnt eg] b'nf]leq z/L/ / aflx/ 6fpsf] /x]sf] cj:yfdf x'G5 . p;sf] x'O{of“ ;'Gbf o:tf] nfU5 ls l;+uf] h+un ljho u/L v'l;ofnL dgfp“b}5 . t/, p;sf] clwgdf d'lZsnn] Pp6f c“Wof/f] b"nf] dfq} x'G5 . o;/L dfG5]nfO{ ;d]t cTofpg] :ofnsf] rl/q xfd|f g]tfx¿df nfu" x'G5–;+ljwfg;efsf] lgjf{rg / nf]stflGqs u0ftGqsf] ;jfndf .

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;+ljwfg;efsf] lgjf{rg ldlt hlt glhls+b} 5, Tolt /fhgLlts If]qdf cGof]n / clglZrtf a9\b}5 . ;ftbnLo u7aGwgleqaf6 / ;/sf/af6 leGgfleGg} cledt / cleJolQm cfO/x]sf 5g\ . :yfgLo:t/df ;ft bnleqs} s]xL bnx¿af6 cj/f]w Pj+ Jojwfg v8f ug]{ sfd ePsf] 5 . of] l:ylt x]bf{ k|Zg p7\5– lgjf{rg x'G5 of x'“b}g < ePdf s:tf] lgjf{rg x'G5 < dw];sf] ;d:of ;Daf]wg geO{ lgjf{rg ;Dej xf]nf / < bnx¿sf] Jojxf/, ultljlw / k|:t'tL o:t} /x]df lgjf{rg :jtGq, lgikIf / eo/lxt jftfj/0fdf ;DkGg x'g ;Sb}g .

;ftbnLo u7aGwg 3f]lift ldltdf ;+ljwfg;efsf] lgjf{rg ;DkGg ug{ rfxG5 t/ bnx¿sf] Jojxf/, ultljlw / cleJolQm x]bf{ lgjf{rg x'g] ;+s]t b]lv+b}g . lgjf{rg ePg eg] ljb|f]x u/L ;Qf sAhfsf] pb\3f]if ug]{ bn klg ;/sf/d} 5 clg lgjf{rg :jtGq / lgikIf ¿kdf x'g] jftfj/0f alg;s]sf] b]Vg] bn klg ;/sf/d} 5 . csf]{ k|Zg p7\5– lgjf{rg x'g glbg] sf] xf] < lgjf{rg lj/f]wL ultljlwdf ;+nUg klg x'g], lgjf{rg geP ljb|f]x u/L ;Qf sAhf ug]{ wDsL klg lbg], lgjf{rg ;DkGg ug]{ lhDd]jf/L klg lng] of] s:tf] /fhgLlts Jojxf/ xf] < o:tf] rl/q / Jojxf/ b]vfpg] bnx¿sf] u7aGwgdf ag]sf] ;/sf/n] lgjf{rg u/fpg ;S5 < ;ftbnLo u7aGwg g} lgjf{rgsf] kIfdf Ps l9Ssf eP/ nfu]sf] 5}g . Toxf“ bnLo :jfy{cg'¿k cj;/sf] vf]hL ePsf] 5 . Odfgbfl/tfsf ;fy cfkm\gf] lhDd]jf/L k"/f ug]{ lsl;dn] s'g} klg bn k|:t't ePsf 5}gg\ .

jf:tjdf ;ftbnLo u7aGwg Eofu'tfsf] wfgL{sf] syf;“u} ldNbf]h'Nbf] 5 . ;+ljwfg;efsf] lgjf{rg ;DkGg ug{ wfgL{ k'¥ofpg ;Sg] cj:yf b]lv+b}g . wfgL{ k'Ug yfN5, Tolta]nf s]xL Eofu'tf plk|mG5g\ . ;+ljwfg;efsf] lgjf{rg ;5{, c;Dej b]lvG5 . s'/f :ki6 5–;ftbnleq :ki6 b[li6sf]0f / k|lta4tf cfjZos 5 . To;n] dfq cGo c;Gt'i6 kIfx¿;“u ;fy{s ;+jfb ug{;S5 . lgjf{rg :jtGq / lgikIf klg u/fpg cfjZos 5, dfcf]jfbL kIfnfO{ klg ;“u} lnP/ hfg h?/L 5 . :jtGq / lgikIf lgjf{rg dfcf]jfbLsf nflu cg's"n 5}g / To:tf] lgjf{rg ug{ dfcf]jfbL rfx“b}g . dfcf]jfbLnfO{ Psnf}l6 5f]l8lbg] dgl:yltdf cGo bnx¿ klg 5}gg\ . oxL cj:yfnfO{ a'em]/ dfcf]jfbLn] r}q @* ut] lgjf{rg gePdf ljb|f]xdfkm{t ;Qf sAhf ug]{ wDsLk"0f{ cleJolQm lbO/x]sf] 5 .

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dfcf]jfbLnfO{ ;ftbnLo u7aGwgsf] ;femf / ;fd"lxs k|lta4tfleq ;xdt u/fpg ;ls+b}g jf dfcf]jfbLn] To;cg'¿ksf] Jojxf/ ug{ ;Sb}g eg] Tof] s'/f hgtfdf :ki6;“u /fVg'kb{5 . u7aGwgleqs} bnx¿sf] sfo{qmd layf]Ng], lgjf{rg ePg eg] ;Qf sAhf u5f}}}{+ eGg] 5'6 dfcf]jfbLnfO{ 5}g . o:t} Jojxf/, ultljlw / k|:t'tL sfod /fv]/ ;+ljwfg;efsf] lgjf{rg r}q @* df klg ;Dej 5}g . ;+ljwfg;efsf] lgjf{rg ug{ g;Sg] /fhgLlts bnx¿nfO{ ;/sf/df a:g klg 5'6 5}g . ;ft bnleq To:tf bn klg 5g\, h;n] /fli6«o cGt/f{li6«o j}wflgstf / dfGotf k|fKt u/]sf 5}gg\ . ltgLx¿ cGo bnsf] j}wflgstf ;dfKt u/]/ z"Go cj:yfdf k'¥ofpg rfxG5g\ . o:tf] kl/l:yltdf cfkm\gf] cg's"n x'G5 eGg] ljZn]if0fsf ;fy dfcf]jfbL j}wflgstf k|fKt bnx¿;“u 6f“l;/x]sf] 5 t/ j}wflgstf k|fKt bnx¿ t/ntf a'em\g] / lrg]{ 9+un] cufl8 al9/x]sf 5}gg\, h;n] ;+s6 Nofp“5, lsgeg] j}wflgs ;+:yfx¿ e+u x'g] / j}wflgstf ;dfKt x'g] l:yltdf d'n'ssf] ;fj{ef}ldstf b'3{6gfdf kg{;S5 . lgjf{rg x'g glbg] / grfxg]x¿sf] ;Defljt ldng / c;fGble{s rrf{kl/rrf{ tyf k|rf/n] ;sf/fTds ;+s]t lbPsf] 5}g . of] tYo g]kfnL hgtfnfO{ a'emfpg cfjZos 5 .

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;f]leot;+3 sDo'lgi6 kf6L{df ldvfO{n uf]jf{rf]e / d:sf] d]o/df jf]l/; olNT;g k'u]kl5 klZrdf /fi6«x¿df v';Lsf] pGdfb / ?;L b]zeQmx¿df b'Mv / lj:dft 5fof] . clxn] ?;sf] pQm xfntdf xfdL 5f}+ . nf]stflGqs elgg] ;ftbnsf] ;Qf/f]x0fkl5 h;/L ef/tLo pGdfb r'lnof] / r'lnb}5 b]zeQmx¿n] lj:dftk"0f{ ;do ljtfpg' kl//x]sf] 5 . uf]jf{rf]en] kf6L{sf] dxf;lrj kbdf 5“b} klZrdf gLlt nfu' ug{ yfn]sf lyP . otf k|wfgdGqL kbsf] ;ky vfPsf lul/hf ef/tLo ;Nnfxdf /fi6«fWoIfsf] ehg ufpg nufp“b} lx8\g yfn]sf 5g\ .

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clxn] xfdLsxf“ If]qLotfjfbL g]tfsf] ;+sL0f{ ljrf/, ;/sf/sf] ef/telQm / kl/l:ylt x]bf{ nfU5 lul/hf uf]jf{rf]e x'g ;S5g\ uf]jf{rf]en] ?;L lj;+ultsf] bf]if cfkm} dxf;lrj /x]sf] sDo'lgi6 kf6L{dfly nufP/ b]znfO{ ljefhg u/] . otf /fhfaf6 uf]klgotfsf] ;ky vfPsf lul/hf lj;+ultsf] bf]if /fh;+:yfnfO{ nufP/ /fi6« ljefhgsf] vfsf sf]b}{5g\ . ?;df tLglbg] …s"Ú uf]jf{rf]enfO{ klZrdf gLlt x'ax' kfngf ug]{ sf/0f alglbof] . oxf“ ;+ljwfg;efsf] r'gfj ljkmn eP ef/tLo gLlt lgb]{lzt cg'z/0f ug]{ lul/hfsf] leqL bfp x'g;S5 .

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?;, yfONof08, lkmhL / g]kfns} 36gfx¿ cWoog u/L s] ljZn]if0f ug{ ;lsG5 eg] hgtfsf] x'nåf/f kl/jlt{t ;a} Joj:yf /fi6«sf] lglDt kmnbfoL x'“b}gg\ . hgtfsf] x'nn] /fi6«, /fli6«otfsf] hu]gf{ xf]Og pkb|f] / ljWj+z g} ?rfpg] u/]sf] b]lvG5 . zflGt, ;'zf;g / cdgr}gsf] gf/f cl3 ;f/]/ ul/g] /fhgLlts sfo{qmddf cfof]hs / ;xefuL a/fa/ x'g] t/ k|ltsf/, qmflGt, aGb / x8\tfnsf sfo{qmdf g;f]r]sf] eL8 hDdf x'g] u/]sf] xfdL ;a}n] b]v]sf 5f}+ . o; cy{df /fi6« /Iffy{ zflGtsf] leqL sfdgf dgn] u/]klg ljb]zL bfgfkfgLsf] pS;fx6df k|lt/f]w hgfpg]x¿dfly an k|of]u ug}{kg]{ x'G5 . xfdL b]zeQmx¿n] slxNo} klg la;{g' x'“b}g ls u'nfkmsf] km"n l6Kg] xft;“u sf“8fnfO{ 5Ng] Ifdtf rflxG5 .

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;a} If]qdf b]zeQmx¿ 5g\ . t/ clwsf+z If]qdf ef/tkGyLx¿sf] af]njfnf 5 . g]kfn k|x/L, ;z:q k|x/L / /fli6«o cg';Gwfg ljefu h:tf u[xdGqfnosf dxTjk"0f{ lgsfodf lbNnLs} cfb]z rN5 . akmfbf/ b]zeQm /fi6«;]jsx¿ ls t slgi6sf] slgi6 kbd} 5g\ ls st} hu]8fdf yGsfOPsf 5g\ . lghfdlt ;]jfsf] s'/} gu/f}+ . sfg'g tyf Gofo If]qn] d[uf}nf t:s/sf] ;'k'b{uLnfO{ cf“vf lrDn]/ x]/]sf]n] p;sf] xljut n]lv/xg' kb}{g . /fi6«eQm hgtfn] dgsf] leqL s'gfdf e/f];f ;+ufn]sf 5g\ g]kfnL ;]gfk|lt . ca e/f];fsf] k|tLs ;]gf klg xfjf g sfjfsf /IffdGqLsf] cfb]z x'ax' dfGg] cj:yfdf k'Uof] eg] b]zeQmx¿;“u cfTd;Gt'li6sf] nflu klg lhjLt /fli6«o lgsfo /xg] 5}g . t;y{ /fi6«3ftL, s'n+uf/ / ef/tkGyLx¿nfO{ t;f{pgs} nflu ePklg b]zeQmx¿n] df]rf{a4 ljb|f]x ug'{ h?/L 5 . b]zeQmsf] gfp“df k+rfotsfn pkof]u u/]/ ax'bndf bn rxfg]{x¿, b/jfl/of uLtdf /Dg] r'SnLjfh tyf hL xh'/Ljfnfx¿nfO{ ;d]6\g yflnof] eg] /fi6« lju|xsf] ult c? cl3 a9\g]5 . hf], hxf“, h'g;'s} xfntdf /x] klg zf/Ll/s ¿kdf g;s] klg dfgl;s ¿kdf ljb|f]x ug{ hfUbf x'G5 . /fli6«o Pstf / cv08tfsf lglDt 5]l8g] ljb|f]x kljq sfo{ xf], h;df df/sf6sf] aft gnfUg] gLlt zf:qx¿n] pNn]v u/]sf 5g\ . /fi6«sf] s';L{df k'u]/ 9nLdnL ug]{ sk6k"0f{ nIo af]s]/ xhf/f}+ lgbf]{if hgtfnfO{ t8\kfO{ t8\kfO{ dfg]{ k/fO{ kf]ifssf] cl3 b]zeQmx¿ xftdf bxL hdfP/ a:g] xf] eg] of] ;'Gb/ /fi6« xfdLn] u'dfpg] lglZrt 5 .

b]zsf] cj:yf hh{/ b]Vg] 8fS6/ eG5g\ klxn] eGbf czflGt a9]sf] 5

– k|df]b lwtfn

jlni7 / :j:y z/L/, rdsbf/ d'xf/ / ;a}nfO{ df]lxt kfg]{ dGb d':sfg / ;'k/ df]8]n h:tf] JolQmTjsf wgL pxf“nfO{ em§ s;}n] b]Vbf 8fS6/ eGb}g . :jb]zL jf ljb]zL rnlrqsf] ;bfjxf/ gfos cyjf df]8n g} dfG5 . pxf“sf] z/L/df h;/L h'g;'s} sk8fn] zfg lbG5 pxf“n] xfn;Dd k|fKt ug'{ ePsf] prfO / hLjgdf ug'{ ePsf ;+3if{sf syfn] xfdL ;a}nfO{ s]xL g s]xL ug]{ pT;fx / pd+u lbG5 .

jl/i7 of}g /f]u ljz]if1 -;]S;f]nf]lhi6_ 8f= ;'jf]w kf]v|]n cf}ifwL lj1fgsf] lrlsT;s dfq x'g'x'Gg . pxf“ s'zn tyf bIf dgf]j}1flgs cyf{t\ dgf]lrlsT;s, s'zn /]l8of] pb\3f]ifs / rnlrq lgdf{tf klg x'g'x'G5 .

pxf“ h'ga]nf cf}ifwL lj1fgsf] ljBfyL{sf] lx;fan] a+unfb]zdf cWoog ul//xg' ePsf] lyof] . pxf“n] /]l8of] sfo{qmd ;+rfng u/]/ cfkm\gf] csf]{ k|ltef klg b]vfpg' eof] . 8fS6/sf] pkflw lnP/ :jb]z kms]{kl5 k]zfnfO{ lg/Gt/tf lb+b} rf/j6f ;kmn g]kfnL rnlrq agfpg' eof] . clxn] pxf“ g]kfnsf tLg 7fp“df of}g /f]u, of}g ;d:of tyf cGo dl:tis ljsf/sf /f]ux¿ pkrf/ ug]{ lSnlgs ;+rfng u/]/ a:g' ePsf] 5 . O6x/L, kmQ]k'/ / sf7df8f}+df /x]sf pxf“åf/f ;+rflnt dftf sfdgf cf/f]Uo s]Gb|df a/fa/ ;do lbg Eofpg] 8f= ;'jf]w kf]v|]n cfkm}df cfZro{hgs x'g'x'G5 . pxf“;“u ul/Psf] s'/fsfgLsf] ;+If]k oxf“ k|:t't ul/Psf] 5 .

tkfO{sf] hGd sxf“ / slxn] ePsf] xf] <

d]/f] hGd vf]6fª lhNnfsf] vfkf{ uflj; j8f g+= # df @)!# ;fn a}zfvdf ePsf] xf] .

lrlsT;f If]qsf] dfG5] tkfO{ s;/L rnlrq, /fhgLlt / ;dfh;]jfdf ;xeflutf hgfpg ;Sg' ePsf] 5 <

vf;u/L eGg'kbf{ d lrlsT;s g} x'“ . g d 7"nf] g]tf g d 7"nf] rnlrqsdL{ g} x'“ . cfkm\gf] lrlsT;f lzIff xfl;n ug]{ qmddf d]/f] rnlrq ;DalGw sfd ug]{ ljleGg JolQmx¿;“u e]6 eof], To:t} /fhgLltsdL{x¿;“u ;DaGw x'g uof] . ToxL a]nfdf g]kfn 6]lnlehgdf klg sfd uy“]{ . :jf:Yo ;DalGw sfo{qmd rnfp“y]+ . ToxL qmddf, g]kfndf ePsf] r'gf}tLk"0f{ l:yltnfO{ rnlrq dfkm{t dfu{bz{g u/]/ hgtfnfO{ phfu/ ug{ ;lsG5 ls eg]/ / ;w}e/L lxGbL rnlrqsf] dfq d'v tfSg' kg]{ l:yltnfO{ klg dWo]gh/ u/L rnlrq lgdf{0ftkm{ xft xfn]sf] 5' . t/, /fhgLlt / rnlrq lgdf{0f eGbf cfkm\g} lrlsT;f If]qaf6 hgtfsf] a9L ;]jf ug{ ;lsg] 7fgL lxhf] cfh k"0f{¿kn] lrlsT;f k]zfdf nflu k/]sf] 5' .

tkfO{nfO{ g]kfnsf] 6k ;]S;f]nf]lhi6 g} eG5g\, ;]S;df dfG5]sf s:tf s:tf ;d:of x'“bf /x]5g\ <

6k ;]S;nf]lhi6 eGbf klg, d]/f] ;]jf / sfdn] ubf{ dnfO{ To:tf] eGbf xf]nfg t/, dfG5] / kz'sf] ;]S;df km/s x'G5 . kz'nfO{ vfnL ;]S; dfq ePkl5 k'U5 eg] dfG5]nfO{ Pp6f 3/ kl/jf/ agfpg, 5f]/f5f]/L hGdfpg ;]S; h?/L x'G5 . ;d:ofx¿ eGbf v]/L dfG5]df b'O{ lsl;dsf ;d:ofx¿ x'G5g\ Pp6f dfgl;s ;d:of csf]{ zf/Ll/s ;d:of . dfgl;s ;d:of s} xf] eg] ;Nnfx ;'emfj dgf]j}1flgs tl/sfn] lbof] eg] 7Ls x'G5 / zf/Ll/s ;d:ofdf rfxL+ cf}ifwLåf/f 7Ls kfg{ ;lsG5 .

sf7df8f}+, O6x/L / kmQ]k'/sf cfkm\gf pkrf/s]Gb|df s;/L ;do lbg' ePsf] 5 <

lxhf] cfh t clwsf+z ;do d}n] sf7df8f}+d} lbO/x]sf] 5' . lsgeg] clxn] ;]S;f]nf]hL ;DaGwL w]/} ;fyLx¿ k9]/ cfO;Sg' ePsf] 5 . pxf“x¿;“u ldn]/ sf7df8f}+ aflx/ zfvfx¿ vf]n]sf] x'“ . / klg d dlxgfdf b'O{ tLg k6s zlgaf/ / cfOtaf/ kf/]/ hg;d'bfosf] rfxgfnfO{ Wofgdf /fv]/ d Toxf“ hfg] u/]sf] 5' . lsgeg] d]/f] cg'kl:yltdf klg d]/f ;xsdL{x¿n] Toxf“ sfd /fd|/L ug]{ ePsfn] lxhf] cfh cln sd hfg yfn]sf] x'“ .

zx/ / ufp“sf dfG5]df ;]S; ;DaGwL s:tf s:tf ;d:of x'“bf /x]5g\ s]xL km/s kfpg' eof] <

km/s s]xL 5}g . ufp“sf dfG5]sf ;Gtfg ePgg\ eg] klg cQflnG5g\ ;x/sf dfG5]sf ePgg eg] klg cQflnG5g\ . ufp“ / ;x/sf x/]sf dfG5]sf ;d:of Ps} vfn] x'G5g\ . ufp“n] / ;xl/of dfG5]sf ;]S; ;DaGwL dfq xf]Og, x/]s ;d:of Ps} lsl;dsf x'G5g\ . t/ clwsf+z ufp“n] dfG5]df ul/aL x'G5 / ltgLx¿sf ;d:of xtklQ pkrf/s]Gb|;Dd cfOk'Ub}gg\ . t/, ;xl/of dfG5]df To:tf] ul/aL gx'g] / pgLx¿nfO{ pkrf/ s]Gb|;Dd klg k'Ug vf;} ;do klg gnfUg] / k};f klg gnfUg] ePsf]n] pgLx¿sf ;d:of ;dod} pkrf/ s]Gb|;Dd cfOk'U5g\ . of}g ;?jf /f]u eg] ufp“df eGbf a9L ;x/df ePsf] kfOof] .

tkfO{nfO{ :jf:Yo dGqL agfOlbof] eg] s] ug'{ x'G5 <

d :jf:Yo dGqL aGb}df :jf:Yo ;DalGw of] b]zdf 7"n} kl/jt{g cfp“5 eGg] dnfO{ nfUb}g . lsgeg] Tof]a]nf b]zsf] sfn kl/l:ylt hgtfsf] r]tgf:t/ / g]tfx¿sf] k|ljlw ;a} ldNg' k¥of] . d :jf:Yo dGqL ag+] cyjf lg0ff{os :yfgdf k'u+] eg] :jf:Yo ;DalGw ;fwg ;|f]tx¿nfO{ /fd|/L kl/rfng ug]{ lyP“ . ;x/sf] t'ngfdf u|fdL0f If]qdf ;fwg ;|f]tsf] lgs} sd kl/rfng ePsf] 5 . h;sf sf/0f 8fS6/x¿ klg Toxf“ hfg ?rfp“b}gg\ . sd;]sd g]kfnLnfO{ :jf:Yosf] Uof/]G6L x'g' k5{ h:tf] dnfO{ nfU5 . ;fy} cfo"j]{lbs k4lt cg';Gwfgsf] ljsf;df klg hf]8 lbg] lyP“ . t/ dnfO{ :jf:Yo dGqL aGg] OR5f rfxL+ 5}g .

lrlsT;s eP/ rnlrq lgdf{0fdf s;/L xft xfNg k'Ug' eof] <

d}n] dfly klg eg], ;j{k|yd d !(*%df 9fsfdf PdjLjLP; k9\bfv]/L xf] . Toxf“ 8f= ef]nf l/hfnx¿ /]l8of] ;le{;df sfd ug'{ x'GYof] . pxf“x¿n] g]kfnL efiffdf klg k|f]u|fd lbg'x'Yof] . pxf“x¿n] 5f]8] kl5 d klg Toxf“ sfo{qmd rnfpg yfn]+ . To;kl5 g]kfndf cfPkl5 Ps 7fp“df gL/ zfxhL;“u e]6 eof] . tkfO{sf] cfjfh nufot ;a} s'/f 7Ls 5 tkfO{ g]kfn 6]lnlehgdf ;do lbg ;Sg' x'G5 eGg' eof], d}n] lbgdf b'O{ tLg 306f ;do lbg yfn+] . :jf:Yo ;DalGw sfo{qmdx¿ rnfpg yfn+] . qmlds ¿kdf To;sf] 6]lSgsn 1fg x'g yfNof] / rnlrq lgdf{0fdf OG6/]i6 klg nfUg] ePsfn] klg rnlrq lgdf{0fdf xft xfn]sf] x'“ .

cem} rnlrq lgdf{0f ug]{ ljrf/ 5 ls 5}g <

Ps k6s rnlrq lgdf{0f ul/;s]sf] dfG5]n] dg]{ a]nfdf ePklg Pp6f pTs[i6 rnlrq bz{sx¿nfO{ lbg kfP x'GYof] eGg] ;f]R5 . cfly{s nf]e gu/Lsg cfkm"df ePsf] Ifdtf b]vfpg / bz{sx¿nfO{ Pp6f cnUu} :jfb lbG5' eGg] rfxgf 5 . d]/f] rfxgf k"/f x'G5 ls x'“b}g Tof] O{Zj/sf] s[kf xf] . t/ tTsfn rnlrq lgdf{0f ug]{ s'/fdf g d;“u ;|f]t 5 g d;“u ;fwg 5 clxn] lgdf{0f ;DalGw s]xL ;f]r]sf] 5}g .

tkfO{ 8fS6/ / lgdf{tf ePsf] gftfn] b]zsf] jt{dfg cj:yfnfO{ s;/L d"Nof+sg ug'{ x'G5 <

d Pp6f lrlsT;s ePsf] gftfn] :jf:Yo ;DalGw ;fwg / ;|f]tsf] Psbd} c;dfg ljt/0f ePsf] b]lv/fv]sf] 5' . oxf“ Psbd} cfjZos dfG5]n] cf}ifwL kfO/fv]sf 5}gg\ eg] cfjZostf gePsf dfG5]x¿n] k|z:t cj;/ kfO/x]sf 5g\ . jf:tjdf eGg] xf] eg] d}n] clxn];Dd b]zsf] o:tf] r'gf}tLk"0f{ l:ylt b]v]sf] lyPg . nfdf] ;dokl5 b]zsf hgtfn] zflGt ;'/Iffsf] cg'e"lt ug{ yfn]sf lyP . t/ kl5Nnf lbgx¿df hgtfn] klxn]sf] eGbf klg clxn] w]/} czflGt ePsf] dx;'; u/]sf 5g\ . 5f]6s/Ldf eGg kbf{ b]z hh{/sf] l:yltdf 5 .

/fhgLlts tfgftfg b]v]/ To;d} cfwfl/t rnlrq agfpg] ;f]r knfPsf] 5 <

d rnlrq ;DalGw clnslt 1fg ePsf] dfG5] x'gfn] bz{snfO{ df}lns rnlrq lbpm“ eGg] ;f]r 5 . t/ clxn] tTsfn ;Defjgf sd 5 .

cGTodf hgwf/0ff dfkm{t s] eGg rfxg' x'G5 <

;a} hgtfn] r]tfjgL k"j{s d}n] s] ug{ ;S5' < d}n] b]znfO{ s] lbg ;S5' < eg]/ 5ftLdf xft /fvL OdfGbf/Lk"j{s sfd ug'{ k5{ . t/ b]z klxn]s} h:t} zflGt If]qsf] ¿kdf lrlgg' k5{ . / x/]s dfG5]n] lgjf{w ¿kdf sfd u/]/ vfg kfpg'k5{ . cGoyf b]zsf] l:ylt emg hl6n aGg] lglZrt 5 . oxL ;Gb]z hgwf/0ff dfkm{t ;a}df k'¥ofpg rfxG5' .

India - A Secret Player

Jawayria Malik

Afghanistan has a long and tumultuous history of outside powers using its rugged terrain as a chessboard for the ‘Great Game’. This “Great Game” has been revisited in Afghanistan and one of the chasing players this time is ‘ India . In recent years, Indian increased diplomatic presence and enhanced economic assistance to Afghanistan has not only threatened the security of Pakistan but also played an effective role in jeopardizing the Pak-Afghan cooperation to contain the flow of insurgency in Afghanistan .

There is no dearth of hint that India is good times friend of Afghanistan . She welcomed the communist Saur Revolution in Kabul in 1978 and sided with former Soviet Union and is equally responsible for the destruction of Afghanistan . Indian influence which started trailing in 1979 was entirely lost in Afghanistan in 1992 and during Taliban rule. The fall of Taliban regime and the return of Northern Alliance as a dominant partner in present government in Afghanistan provided India another opportunity to regain the lost influence in the country. Since then she is trying to dominate Afghanistan . In her bid to get a firm and lasting foothold in post Taliban, she is leaving no stone unturned to perpetuate her presence there. Here the point to ponder’ is why Indians are so desperate to have cordial relations with Afghanistan ?

It goes without saying that India has no legitimate role in Afghanistan but the dream to confront Pakistan . She is making all-out efforts, to prevent Pakistan from having influence in Afghanistan , by aggravating anti ¬Pakistan sentiments among Afghan people. Apparently, Indian intention could be economic gains but real objective remains destabilizing Pakistan .

Indian diplomatic missions in Afghanistan have a role in fomenting trouble in Pakistan ’s tribal areas. Indian consulates in Jalalabad, Kandahar , Herat ,’ and Mazar-e-sharif and their embassy in Kabul are indulged in clandestine activities inside Pakistan in general and FAT A and Balochistan in particular. The intelligence network in Afghanistan which is established by India is fully operational. The Marines from Multiple One ( India company) based at LashkarGah, a forward operation base, has been undertaking missions in Balochistan by supporting the Baluchistan Liberation Army (BLA). Their main targets include Chinese working in the province, particularly at Gwadar, Saindak, and Hub.

RAW operatives have established many training camps inside Afghanistan to aggravate the activities of Baloch nationalists with an objective of transforming it into a full bloom insurgency.

Recently, with its presence in Kabul , New Delhi is encircling Islamabad with high lX trained commandoes. She has deployed 143 highly trained commandoes in Afghanistan besides stationing of a full-fledged team to train Afghan and Uzbek forces. This is in addition to the already deployed 254 Indo-Tibetan Border Police Force (ITBP) soldiers to provide security to Indian construction companies. India claims that these troops are there to protect Indian workers but in reality, these workers are actively supporting the militants in Balochistan and FATA.

Besides Indian ingress into Afghanistan through its consulates to destabilize Pakistan , she has also managed to influence the political stratum of Afghanistan as well. In this context, Afghan President Hamid Karzai has been playing ‘the evil game of blaming the Pakistan government, at the behest of Indians, to hide its own weakness to establish the writ of his government beyond Kabul . It is out in open that the government of Afghanistan is in fact a ‘B’ team of Indian intelligence agencies as instead of working for the rehabilitation of the war ravaged country and betterment of people she is dancing to the tune of .its Indian masters. Ironically, Afghan government has no explanation .for mysterious spending of the millions of dollars it received in aid and no answer for the worsening situation of law and order in Afghanistan except to accuse Pakistan for their inept policies. Recently Indian Minister for External Affairs, Pranab Mukherjee, in an interview to a Television channel said that Taliban militia had established training camps along the southern Dorder of Afghanistan which are being used as launching pads to push infiltrators across the border while expressing concern over fragile security situation and the growing influence of Taliban militia in Afghanistan .

In view of Indian government’s concern over security situation in Afghanistan it becomes imperative to bring on record the network of terrorist training camps set up by Indian intelligence agency RAW inside Afghanistan, including at the Afghan military base of Qushila Jadid, in Southern Helmand province; in the Panjshir Valley and also at Khahak and Hassan Killies in western Nimroz province.

India ’s trained terrorists intrude into Pakistan ’s territory and commit serious acts of terrorism such as mass killings, bombings, torture, and intimidation of civilians. This is proved by the reports when Indian national namely Rohit Vashisht was captured by the Afghan police on 3 September 2007 in district Zarai of Kandahar province for financing Taliban militants in the region. Mr. Rohit revealed that he had been financing Taliban to convince them to carry out suicide attacks against Pakistan and NATO forces.

He further divulged that he was successful to a great extent in convincing Taliban to locate and identify their real enemy ( Pakistan ) responsible for the mess in the region. Mr. Rohit carried maps of Pakistani cities including Peshawar , Rawalpindi , and Islamabad . Police also recovered names of various Taliban leaders and their addresses with whom he possibly met or contacted during his present stay or his probable previous visit to the area in the past.

Another incident of this kind happened when an Indian doctor working as member of a medical team in Jalalabad was caught redhanded for instigating patients to work for India . These Indian nationals were repatriated quietly to India due to the considerable influence from senior officials of the Indian Embassy including the Ambassador.

New Delhi ’s intense diplomatic presence has facilitated her to be one of the main aid suppliers towards Afghanistan ’s reconstruction. Massive economic appearance of India , too, is not without reason. In the garb of development projects, India is cultivating its agents in the bordering~ areas of Afghanistan for stirring strife in areas straddling the Pak-Afghan border.

In a nutshell, Indian presence in Afghanistan whether diplomatic, military or economic has less to do with reconstruction and more to do with keeping the turf conducive for the workings of RAW against Pakistan. It is said that “ambition is the grand enemy of peace” and it is for Afghan government to realize that Indian expansionism is actually keeping Afghanistan into continuous state of turmoil. The security situation and the insurgency issue in Afghanistan are not going to be solved until the Indian influence on the Afghan government is removed. Only the closer Pak- Afghan cooperation will help contain the growing power of insurgents but since the Indians have entirely different goals, the efforts will not bear fruit. Karzai Government should better avoid acting as a henchman or a pawn for New Delhi before it is too late.