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sf]l/ofsf] ;kmntf g]kfnsf] nflu k|]/0ffbfoL uf]/vfkq ;dfrf/bftf sfo{qmddf af]Nb} dxf;+3sf
cWoB|f >]i7n] gjf}+ k~rjifL{o of]hgfdf >L % sf] ;/sf/n] u/LaL lgjf/0fsf nflu k|d'v
¿kdf 3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]usf] ljsf;df hf]8 lbPsf] atfpg'eof] . cfh klg g]kfnsf] cy{tGqsf]
k|d'v cfwf/ ;fgf tyf ;emf}nf pBf]ux¿ g} /x]sf] rrf{ ub}{ cWoB|f >]i7n] b]zsf] s'n
lgof{tsf] *) k|ltzt c+z ;fgf tyf demf}nf pBf]ux¿s} /x]sf] atfpg'eof] . ;fgf, demf}nf / 3/]n'
pBf]usf] ljsf;df sf]l/ofn] k|fKt u/]sf] ;kmntf g]kfnsf nflu cToGt} k|]/0ffbfoL ePsf] s'/f
klg cWoB|f >]i7n] pNn]v ug'{eof] . sfo{qmddf cltly jQmf cf]pmn]
;fgf tyf demf}nf pBf]usf] ljsf;af6} sf]l/of cfhsf] cj:yfdf cfOk'u]sf] atfpg'eof] . ;fgf tyf ;emf}nf pBf]usf]
of]ubfg b]zsf] cfly{s ljsf;sf nflu cToGt} dxTjk"0f{ /x]sf] oyfy{tf sf]l/ofsf] xfnsf]
cj:yfaf6 k|i6 x'G5 eGb} oL pBf]ux¿sf] ;+/B|f0fsf] nflu ;/sf/L k|lta4tf, bx|f] P]g lgod /
ltgLx¿sf] sfof{Gjog cfjZos ePsf] / To;sf] nflu sf]l/of ;/sf/ ;b}j nflu/x]sf]
atfpg'eof] . clxn] klg sf]l/ofsf]
cf}Bf]lus B|f]qaf6 s'n /f]huf/Ldf ^) k|ltzt / s'n lgof{tdf $) k|ltzt c+z ;fgf tyf demf}nf
pBf]ux¿sf] g} /x]sf] pxfFn] :ki6 kfg'{eof] . ;/n Pj+ nfdf] cjlwsf] shf{
;'ljwf, pko'Qm jftfj/0f, cfjZos ahf/ / afFo pTkfbgsf] cfqmd0faf6 :jb]zL pTkfbgnfO{ arfpg]
;/sf/sf] :ki6 gLlts} sf/0f sf]l/ofsf] ;fgf tyf demf}nf pBf]ux¿n] nlB|ot p2]Zo xfl;n
ug{;s]sf x'g\ eGb} cWoB|f cf]pmn] cfkm" ;Da4 ljBfnon] klg b]zsf] cf}Bf]lus ljsf;df
dxTjk"0f{ sfo{x¿ ub}{ cfPsf] atfpg'eof] . dxf;+3sf /f]huf/bftf
kl/ifb\sf ;efklt Pj+ kb]g pkfWoB|f /fh]Gb|s'df/ v]tfgsf] ;xeflutf ePsf] ;f] sfo{qmddf
dxf;+3sf 3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]u ;ldltsf ;efklt /fh]Gb|axfb'/ k|wfgn] cltly jQmfsf] :jfut
ug'{sf ;fy} sfo{qmdaf/] k|sfz kfg'{ePsf] lyof] . dxf;+3sf dxf;lrj ab|Lk|;fb
cf]emf tyf dxf;+3;Fu ;Da4 kl/of]hgfsf k|d'v ;d]tsf] pkl:ylt /x]sf] ;f] sfo{qmddf ;xefuL
pBf]uL Joj;foL / 3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]u;Fu ;DalGwt ;/sf/L lgsfosf jl/i7 clws[tx¿n]
sf]l/ofn] 3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]usf] ljsf;df u/]sf] ;kmntf / xfnsf] sf]l/ofsf] cfly{s gLltsf
af/]df ljleGg lsl;dsf lh1f;fx¿ /fv]sf lyP . s[lifsf] Joj;foLs/0fsf nflu C0f sfo{qmd uf]/vfkq ;dfrf/bftf >L % sf] ;/sf/sf]
bL3{sfnLg s[lif ljsf; of]hgfn] cjnDag u/]sf] sfo{gLltcg'¿k Jofj;flos v]ltkftL tyf
kz'kB|fLkfng ug{ / s[lif pkh k|zf]wg pBf]u ;~rfng ug{sf nflu ;f] C0f k|jfx ul/Psf]
xf] . d'Vo zfvf k|aGws /fd]Zj/
sf]O/fnfsfcg';f/ pQm sfof{noaf6 k|bfg ul/Psf] shf{sf] ;a}eGbf 7"nf] c+z s'v'/fkfng
ug{ / o; Joj;fonfO{ 6]jf k'¥ofpg], Xofr/L :yfkgf ug{, bfgf pTkfbg ug{, …Pu 6«]Ú
agfpg, e]6]g/L cf}iflw k;n ;~rfng ug{ / s'v'/fsf] km'n / df;' a]rlavg sfo{df nufgL ePsf]
5 . o;af6 lrtjg lhNnf
clw/fHoe/s} ;a}eGbf 7"nf] …kf]N6«L ;]G6/Ú sf] ¿kdf ljsl;t eO/x]sf]n] ;DalGwt
pBdLx¿ lhNnfnfO{ …Pu af:s]6Ú sf] ;+1f lbg yfn]sf] atfOG5 . o;afx]s ;f] sfof{non]
Jofj;flos :s]ndf pGgt hftsf ufO{ tyf e}+;Lkfng / cfw'lgs 9Ën] df}/Lkfng ug{ tyf
uf]a/UofF; KnfG6 :yfkgf ug{sf cltl/Qm a+u'/ Pj+ afv|fkfng ug{, 7"nf] :s]ndf cfn' Pj+
t/sf/L v]tL ug{, 3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]u ;~rfng ug{, s'6fgL, lk;fgL Pj+ knfgLsf ldn rnfpg,
6\ofS6/ v/Lb ug{ / l;+rfO sfo{sf nflu ;d]t C0f pknAw u/fpFb} cfPsf] 5 . k|aGws sf]O/fnfsf cg';f/,
rfn' cfly{s jif{ @)%^.)%& sf] k|yd cw{jflif{s cjlwleqdf ?= cf7 s/f]8 5 nfv nufgL / ?=
;ft s/f]8 ^! nfv c;'nL ug{ a}+s ;B|fd ePsf] 5 . k"j{ lgwf{l/t nB|osf] t'ngfdf
nufgLtkm{ !!$Ü / c;'nLtkm{ *%Ü k|ult ePsf] 5 . @)%^ k'; d;fGt;Dddf nufgLdf /x]sf]
C0f ?= ## s/f]8 *! nfv k'u]sf] / To;dWo] !@ k|ltzt efvf gfl3;s]sf] 5 . o; cf=j=sf] k|yd 5 dlxgfsf]
cjlwdf ut cf=j=sf] o;} cjlwsf] t'ngfdf efvf gf3]sf] C0f /sd ^Ü n] sdL cfPsf] tyf ut
jif{sf] o;} cjlwsf] $#Ü c;'nL b/df b'O{ k|ltztn] j[l4 u/L $%Ü c;'nL b/ k'¥ofOPsf]
hfgsf/L klg k|aGws sf]O/fnfn] lbg'eof] . s[lif Joj;foLs/0fsf nflu
cfjZos kg]{ k"jf{wf/ / :t/Lo k|fljlws ;]jfsf] sdL pRr u'0f:t/sf aLp / dn kof{Kt
dfqfdf k|fKt gx'g', kz'kB|fLsf] bfgf Pj+ cf}iflw / s'v'/f rNnfsf] Sjfln6L sG6«f]nsf]
;d'lrt Joj:yf gx'g' tyf s[lif tyf kz'hGo pTkfbgn] plrt d"No gkfpg' h:tf ;d:ofx¿n]
C0f sfo{qmdsf] k|efjsf/L sfof{Gjogdf s]xL afwf k'u]sf] atfOG5 . ld;fj6o'Qm vfBkbfy{ laqm]tfnfO{ sf/jfxLsf] dfu dsjfgk'/ ;dfrf/bftf x]6f}+8f gu/kflnsf j8f g+= #
l:yt b]jLl;g]df /f]8df /x]sf] :yfgLo rGb|bf; >]i7sf] k;naf6 hkmt ul/Psf] ;f] cldnf]
sf7df8f}+af6 NofOPsf] atfOPsf] 5 . pQm cldnf] d"ntM dlxnf / ljBfyL{x¿n] vfg]
u/]sf]n] To;af6 :jf:Yo;DaGwL ;d:of pTkGg x'g;Sg] s'/f k|of]uzfnf k|d'v u0f]z bjf8L
atfpg'x'G5 . hkmt ul/Psf] cldnf];lxt
laqm]tfnfO{ sf/jfxL ug{ lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{nodf l;kmfl/z ul/Psf] s'/f k|of]uzfnfn] hgfPsf]
5 . o;/L pkef]Qmfsf] :jf:Yodf
k|lts"n c;/ kg]{ lsl;dsf pkef]Uo j:t' jf ;]jfsf] pTkfbg jf laqmL ljt/0f u/L To;af6
HofgnfO{ vt/f k'Ug] ePdf rf}w jif{;Dd s}b jf kfFrnfv ?lkofF;Dd hl/jfgf jf b'j} ;hfoF ug]{
Joj:yf pkef]Qmf ;+/B|f0f P]g @)%$ df ul/Psf] 5 . tfklg clxn] x]6f}+8f ahf/df sd;n
vfnsf j:t' jf cvfB /Ë ld;fj6 u/L vfB kbfy{nufotsf j:t'x¿ laqmL ljt/0f ug]{ k|j[lQ a9\bf]
5 . kfFr s/f]8sf] nufgLdf lrlgofF …;;Ú sf] pTkfbg uf]/vfkq ;dfrf/bftf …/]Gaf] ;;\Ú pTkfbg
ul/Psf] 5 dlxgf;Dd klg glau|g], lk|mhdf /fVg gkg]{, ld6 k|f]l6g / e]lh6]jn k|f]l6go'Qm
ePsf]n] g]kfnsf] u|fdL0f B|f]qdf klg k|f]l6gsf] ;|f]tsf] ¿kdf pkef]u ug{ ;lsg] s'/fsf]
hfgsf/L pQm sDkgLsf dxflgb]{zs ld; ofª l;ªn] u/fpg'eof] . klxnf] pTkfbg ePsf]n] ;;sf]
:jfb g]kfnLx¿nfO{ cgf}7f] nfu] klg sf7df8f}+df w]/}n] pkef]u ub}{ cfO/x]sf s'/f klg l;ª
ofªn] atfpg'eof] . lrlgofF jfl0fHo
b"tfjf;sf k|ltlglw rfg l;ª ldgn] ;;\sf] u'0f:t/df j[l4 ub}{ nluPdf g]kfnsf] cy{
Joj:yfdf ;xof]u k'¥ofpg] s'/f atfpg'eof] . 5nkmn sfo{qmddf s[lif pBf]u
s]Gb|sf k|ltlglw s[i0f/fh rf}w/L, pBf]u k|ltlglw l8=Pn= >]i7nufotsf Jofkf/Lx¿n] efu
lnPsf lyP . ;fs{ PS;r]Gh]h dxf;+3 u7g x'g] uf]/vfkq ;dfrf/bftf a+unfb]zsf] r6\ufpF zx/df
blB|f0f Pl;ofnL /fi6«sf :6s PS;r]~h ;Da4 ut xKtf ;DkGg Ps B|f]qLo ;Dd]ngn] ;f] dxf;+3
u7g;DaGwL ;xdltkqdf x:tfB|f/ ul/Psf] s'/f g]kfn lwtf]kq ljlgdo ahf/ lnld6]8n] hgfPsf]
5 . ;Dd]ngdf g]kfn, ef/t, kfls:tfg, a+unfb]z, >Ln+sf / e"6fgsf :6s PS;r]~hsf
;fy} cGt/f{li6«o :6s PS;r]~h dxf;+3n] efu lnPsf] atfOPsf] 5 . ;f] ;Dd]ngdf g]kfnsf]
tkm{af6 g]kfn :6s PS;r]~hsf cWoB|f njs'df/ b]jgLo / dxfk|aGws dbg/fh hf]zL ;lDdlnt
x'g'ePsf] lyof] . blB|f0f Pl;ofnL /fi6«x¿sf]
:6s PS;r]~hx¿ aLr Ps cfk;df ;xof]u cfbfg k|bfg u/L cf–cfˆgf] d'n'sdf lwtf]kq
ahf/sf] k|j4{g Pj+ ljsf; ug]{, k|To]s /fi6«df cGt/f{li6«o dfkb08cg'¿k n]vf tyf Joj;fo
;~rfng k4ltnufot lwtf]kq ahf/;DaGwL ljleGg kB|fx¿sf] ;femf dfkb08 to u/L ;f] cg'¿k sfo{
ug]{, cGt/f{li6«o kmf]/dx¿df B|f]qLo k|ltlglwTj ug]{, Ps /fi6«df hf/L ePsf lwtf]kqx¿
csf]{ /fi6«sf] :6s PS;r]~hdf ;"rLs/0f Pj+ sf/f]jf/ ug{ k|f]T;fxg ug]{, hg ;+zfwgsf]
ljsf; tyf k|ljlw x:tfGt/0fnufot ;femf :jfy{sf cGo s'/fx¿df cfk;L ;xof]u k|a4{g ug]{
dxf;+3sf] p2]Zo /x]sf] atfOPsf] 5 . uf]/vfkq ;dfrf/bftf of] ;ftfsf] z'?df @&@=%%
/x]sf] g]K;] kl/;"rs ;ftfsf] clGtd lbg kfFr OsfO{eGbf a9Ln] a9L @&*=## k'u]sf]
5 . g]kfn :6s PS;r]~haf6 k|fKt
hfgsf/Lcg';f/, jfl0fHo a}+s ;d"xsf] g]K;] kl/;"rsf] @(%=!( ;Dd k'u]sf] 5 .
k|fKt hfgsf/Lcg';f/, of] xKtf %!) j6f sf/f]jf/af6 lwtf]kq ahf/df Ps s/f]8 && nfv
&# xhf/ (!) ?lkofF a/fa/sf] z]o/ sf/f]jf/ ePsf] 5 . of] xKtf v/Lbtkm{ k|ltlbg
cf};t @( j6f / laqmLtkm{ cf};t !! j6f sf/f]jf/ /x]sf 5 . s'n sf/f]jf/sf] &#=*%
k|ltzt c+z jfl0fHo a}+s ;d"xn] lnPsf] 5 . To:t}, clwstd sf/f]jf/ g]kfn
a+unfb]z a}+ssf] sf/f]jf/ ePsf] 5 . |
| /fli6«o ;dfrf/ | | :yfgLo ;dfrf/ | | ;DkfbsLo | | k|ltlqmof | | ljrf/÷ljZn]if0f | | v]n Jofofd |
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