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>L % ;dIf gjlgo'Qm /fhb"tx¿åf/f k|df0fkq k|:t't sf7df8f]}+, df3 &
ut] . >L % dxf/fhflw/fh jL/]Gb| jL/ ljqmd zfxb]jsf h'gfkmdf cfh ck/fGx gf/fo0flx6L
/fhb/jf/df cfof]lht ljz]if ;df/f]xdf g]kfnsf nflu gjlgo'Qm :jL; dxf;+3sf /fhb"t jfN6/
luu/, cf]dfgsf /fhb"t vlnkmf jLg cnLjLg O;f cnxyL{ / a|flhnsf /fhb"t >LdtL
j]/f jf/f]Og dfrfbf]n] cf–cfkm\gf] cf]xbfsf] k|df0fkq r9fpg'eof] . >L % dxf/fhflw/fhaf6
g]kfnsf nflu :jL; dxf;+3sf gjlgo'Qm /fhb"t jfN6/ luu/n] r9fpg'ePsf] cf]xbfsf]
k|df0fkq u|x0f ul/aS;+Fb} g]kfn / :jL6h/Nof08aLr ut rf/ bzsb]lv ;f}xfb|k"0f{ låkIfLo
;DaGw /lxcfPsf] / xfd|f ;DaGwx¿ cfk;L ;dembf/L, ;b\efj / ;xof]udf cfwfl/t /x]sf] x's'd
eof] . >L % dxf/fhflw/fhaf6 b'O{
b]zaLr /x]sf ;dfgtfx¿ h:t} k|fs[lts ;f}Gbo{, kxf8L e"–agf]6, e"–kl/j]li7t
cj:yf / Oltxf;df ;w}+ :jtGq /xg] tLj| c7f]6n] klg cem ;'b[9 agfPsf] 5 x's'd x'Fb} ljleGg
txdf ePsf e|d0fx¿ / hg:t/df /x]sf] ;DaGwn] klg xfd|f] ldqtfnfO{ cem ;'b[9 agfpg of]ubfg
k'¥ofPsf] 5 x's'd eof] . :jL; dxf;+3sf tTsfnLg
/fi6«klt cfgf]{N8 sf]n/n] ;g\ !((& df ug'{ePsf] g]kfnsf] /fhsLo e|d0fsf] ;'vb ;+:d/0f
ul/aS;+b} df};"kmaf6 To; e|d0fn] b'O{ b]zsf] ;DaGwnfO{ cem k|uf9 agfpgdf d2t k'–ofPsf]
5 x's'd eof] . df};"kmaf6 x's'd eof]–
g]kfn / :jL6h/Nof08 b'j} zflGtk"0f{ d'n'ssf] x}l;otn] ljZj zflGt / ;f]}xfb{|tfsf]
k|jWb{gsf nflu k"0f{¿kn] sl6j4 5g\ . g]kfndf ;g\ !(%) sf] bzssf]
z'¿df ljsf; ;xof]u sfo{qmdx¿ ;+rfng ug]{ o"/f]ksf] k|yd d'n'sx¿dWo] :jL6h/Nof08
klg Ps xf] x's'd x'Fb} df};"kmaf6 vf;u/L u|fdL0f oftfoft / ljsf;, lzIff / u/LaL
lgjf/0fsf If]qx¿df k|fKt lg/Gt/ ;xof]usf nflu :jL; hgtf / ;/sf/k|lt ;/fxgf JoQm
ul/aS:of] . >L % dxf/fhflw/fhaf6
x's'd eof]– xfdL g]kfndf k|hftflGqs k|0ffnL cGtu{t k"0f{ ;fdflhs lx;fan]
Gofof]lrt ljsf;nfO{ dxTj lb+b} cfly{s j[lb xfl;n ug{ v'nf / pbf/ cfly{s gLltsf] cg'z/0f
ub}{ cfPsf 5f}+ . df};"kmaf6 u|fdL0f If]q
/ ;dfhdf lk5l8Psf ju{nfO{ nlIot u/L ljz]if u/LaL lgjf/0fsf sfo{qmdx¿ klg z'¿ ul/Psf]
pNn]v ul/aS;F+b} xfd|f] ljsf; sfo{n] ;dfhsf ;a} ju{x¿nfO{ ;d]6]df dfq lbuf] / Gofof]lrt
x'g;Sg] s'/fdf xfdL ljZj:t 5f}+ x's'd eof] . >L % dxf/fhflw/fhsf
h'gfkmdf o;cl3 cfˆgf] cf]xbfsf] k|df0fkq r9fpg' x'Fb} :jL; dxf;+3sf gjlgo'Qm
/fhb"t jfN6/ uLu/n] kl/jlt{t ljZjl;t tfbfTDo ldnfpg] u/L df};"kmsf] g]t[Tjdf
g]kfnsf] cfw'lgsLs/0fsf nflu rflnPsf ;fx;L sbdx¿ :jL6h/Nof08df cle?lrsf ;fy x]l/Psf]
hfgsf/L u/fpg'eof] . :jL6h/Nof08 g]kfnsf] ljsf;
k|of;df bzsf}+b]lv ;+nUg x'Fb} cfO/x]sf] :d/0f ub}{ pxfFn] :jL; ljsf; ;xof]u ;+:yfn] ;g\
!((* b]lv ;g\ @))$ ;Ddsf] ;xof]u sfo{qmdsf] klxrfg u/]sf] atfpg'eof] . o;}u/L, >L %
dxf/fhflw/fhaf6 g]kfnsf nflu cf]dfgsf gjlgo'Qm /fhb"t vlnkmf jLg cnLjLg O;f cnxyL{n]
r9fpg'ePsf] cf]xbfsf] k|df0fkq u|x0f ul/aS;Fb} g]kfn / cf]dfgaLrsf ;DaGwx¿ cfk;L
;dembf/L, ;b\efj / ;f}xfb|{ ePsf] kfpFbf xfdLnfO{ ;Gtf]if nfu]sf] 5 x's'd eof] . df};"kmaf6 b'j} b]zx¿
c;+nUg cleofgsf ;b:o x'g'sf ;fy} ;+o'Qm /fi6« ;+3sf] j8fkqdf cGt/lgxLt l;WbfGt /
p2]Zox¿df c6"6 cf:yf /fVb5g\ x's'd x'Fb} w]/}h;f] ljifox¿df xfd|f b'j} d'n'sx¿sf]
;dfg b[li6sf]0f 5 x's'd eof] . xfdLx¿ xfd|f hgtfsf nflu
zflGt / ;d'Gglt k|fKt u/fpg] ;femf OR5fåf/f k|]l/t 5f]+} x's'd x'Fb} df};"kmaf6
xfd|f b'O{ /fi6«aLrsf ;DaGwx¿ cfufdL lbgx¿df a9\b} hfg]5g\ eGg]df xfdL ljZj:t 5f}+
x's'd eof] . >L % dxf/fhflw/fhsf
h'gfkmdf o;cl3 cfˆgf] cf]xbfsf] k|df0fkq r9fpg' x'Fb} g]kfnsf nflu cf]dfgsf gjlgo'Qm
/fhb"t vlnkmf jLg cnLjLg O;f cnxyL{n] cf]dfg / g]kfnaLr cfk;L ;Ddfg / lxtdf cfwfl/t
;DaGw ;'b[9 ug{ cfkm" s[t;+slNkt /x]sf] atfpg'eof] . o;}u/L, >L %
dxf/fhflw/fhaf6 g]kfnsf nflu a|flhnsf gjlgo'Qm /fhb"t >LdtL j]/f jf/f]Og dfrfbf]n]
r9fpg'ePsf] cf]xbfsf] k|df0fkq u|x0f ul/aS;F+b} g]kfn / a|flhnaLr ;g\ !(&^ df
s"6gLlts ;DaGw :yfkgf ePb]lv otf xfd|f ;DaGwx¿ kf/:kl/s ;dembf/L, d}qL /
;f}xfb|{tfdf cfwfl/t 5g\ x's'd eof] . >L % dxf/fhflw/fhaf6
;+o'Qm /fi6«;+3sf] a8fkqdf cGtlg{lxt p2]Zo / l;WbfGtx¿sf cfwf/df xfd|f b'j} d'n'sx¿
cGt/f{li6«o zflGt, k|ult / ;d[lWb k|jWb{g ug{ ljleGg ax'kIfLo d+rx¿df ;xof]uLsf]
e"ldsf lgjf{x ul/cfPsf 5g\ x's'd eof] . ef}uf]lns¿kn] 6f9f ePklg
Gofof]lrt / ;dtfd"ns gofF cGt/f{li6«o Joj:yfsf] nIo k|fKt ug{ / ljsf;f]Gd'v
d'n'sx¿sf] lxt ug{ xfd|f b'j} d'n's k|oTg/t 5g\ x's'd x'Fb} df};"kmaf6 o;} ;Gbe{df
lau|Fbf] ljZj jftfj/0faf/] ljZjJofkL ¿kdf r]tgf hufpg] p2]Zon] ;g\ !((@ df a|flhnn] l/of]
b h]gl/of]df cfof]hgf u/]sf] k[YjL lzv/ ;Dd]ngsf] xfdL ljz]if ¿kdf pNn]v ug{ rfxG5f}+
x's'd eof] . >L % dxf/fhflw/fhaf6
x's'd eof]– xfdLn] g]kfndf zflGt, k|hftGq / dfgj clwsf/sf] j[xt kl/lwleq /xL v'nf /
pbf/ cfly{s gLltsf] dfWodaf6 hgtfsf] hLjg:t/df ;'wf/ ug{ ljleGg sfo{qmdx¿ ;+rfng u/]sf
5f}+ x's'd eof] . cfly{s ljsf;sf] qmddf
jftfj/0fsf] ;+/If0f / lbuf]kgnfO{ klg plrt Wofg lbg'k5{ eGg] xfd|f] wf/0ff 5 x's'd x'Fb}
df};"kmaf6 xfd|f ;dfg lxtsf If]qx¿df lJbkIfLo cfly{s ;DaGwnfO{ cfufdL lbgx¿df cem
lj:tf/ ug]{ k|z:t ;Defjgf 5 eGg] xfdLnfO{ nfu]sf] 5 x's'd eof] . >L % dxf/fhflw/fhsf
h'gfkmdf o;cl3 cfˆgf] cf]xbfsf] k|df0fkq r9fpg' x'Fb} g]kfnsf nflu a|flhnsf gjlgo'Qm
/fhb"t >LdtL j]/f jf/f]Og dfrfbf]n] a|flhn / g]kfnn] s[lif, s[lifhGo Joj;fo,
Jofkf/, hnljB't\ kl/of]hgf / jftfj/0f ;+/If0fsf If]qdf cfk;L ;xof]u a9fpg ;Sg] ;Defjgftkm{
Wofgfsif{0f ug'{eof] . /f;; dfgGw/ /fhkl/ifb\sf] ;lrj lgo'Qm sf7df8f}+, df3 &
ut] . >L % dxf/fhflw/fhaf6 l/Qm x'g cfPsf] /fhkl/ifb\sf] ;lrj kbdf g]kfn
clw/fHosf] ;+ljwfg, @)$& adf]lhd hLtaxfb'/ dfgGw/nfO{ lgo'Qm ul/aS;]sf] 5 . ;fy}
;lrjsf] sfof{jlw rf/ jif{ tf]lsaS;]sf] 5 . pQm s'/f >L %
dxf/fhflw/fhsf k|d'v ;+jfb ;lrjfnoaf6 cfh k|sflzt ;"rgfdf hgfOPsf] 5 . /f;; :jR5 cfnf]rgfn] k|hftGqnfO{ alnof] agfpF5 M ;efklt sf]O/fnf sf7df8f}+, df3 &
ut] . g]kfnL sf+u|];sf ;efklt lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnfn] k|hftGqsf] k'g:yf{kgf kZrft
g]kfnL hgtfn] /fHodf cfkm\gf] :yfg, dxTj / e"ldsfsf] vf]hL u/]sf] atfpg'ePsf]
5 . >L sf]O/fnfn] pQm s'/f
g]kfn z]kf{ ;+3sf] bf];|f] dxflwjz]gsf] cfh oxfF pb\3f6g ubf{ atfpg'ePsf] xf] . ljs[lt, lj;+ult, e|i6frf/ /
cft+sn] b]z hsl8Psf] 5, cg'zf;g x/fPsf] 5, g]tfx¿df g}ltstf 5}g, zflGt ;'/Iffsf] l:ylt
gfh's 5, d'n'ssf] of] cj:yfk|lt k|hftGqjfbLx¿n] lrGtf lnP/ ;/sf/ / kf6L{sf] cfnf]rgf u/]
eg] To;nfO{ xfdLn] b'/fu|x eGg x'+b}g eGb} >L sf]O/fnfn] :jR5 cfnf]rgfn] k|hftGqnfO{
alnof] agfpF5, ;/sf/nfO{ hgrfxgf cg';f/ sfd ug{ 3r3RofpF5 . pxfFn] d'n'sdf cfkm\gf] xs,
clwsf/ / ;fdflhs pTyfgsf nflu ljleGg ;+3 ;+:yf v'n]sf 5g\, cfkm\gf nflu s]xL eOxfN5 ls
eGg] hgtfdf cfzf 5, hgtf l56f] pGglt / k|ult rfxG5g\ eGb} /fHon] ;Lldt ;fwg / ;|f]taf6
d'n's / hgtfsf] clwstd ljsf; s;/L x'g;S5 eGg] ljifodf /fHon] uDeL/ lrGtf lng'kb{5
eGg'eof] . >L sf]O/fnfn] eGg'eof]–
z]kf{x¿df ePsf] cfF6, ;fx;, k|ltaWbtf / cfTdljZjf;n] g]kfnsf] uf}/j a9fpg / b]znfO{
lrgfpg 7"nf] of]ubfg k'u]sf] 5 . >L sf]O/fnfn] g]kfndf
k|hftGq k'g:yf{kgfsf nflu @)$^ / To;eGbf cl3 ePsf k|hftflGqs cfGbf]ngdf z]kf{ hfltn]
7"nf] ;xof]u u/]sf] rrf{ ug'{eof] . g]skf -Pdfn]_sf emngfy
vgfnn] pu|jfdkGyL / pu|blIf0fkGyLaf6 g]kfnsf] k|hftGqdfly vt/f /x]sf] atfpg'eof] . pxfFn] jt{dfg ;/sf/sf]
c;Ifdtfn] b]zdf cGt/lj/f]wsf] l:ylt >[hgf ePsf], /fli6«otfdfly vt/f pTkGg ePsf] /
ljsf; lgdf{0fsf sfd 7Kk ePsf] cf/f]k nufpg'eof] . >L vgfnn] hghfltsf]
pTyfgsf nflu b]zdf hghflt k|lti7fg / pgLx¿sf] efiff, ;+:s[lt / d"No dfGotfsf]
;+/If0f ug{ hghflt ;+u|xfno aGg'kb{5 eGg] kIfdf g]skf -Pdfn]_ /x]sf] atfpg'eof] . g]skf -dfn]_sf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o
/fh]Gb| >]i7n] hftLo :jzf;gsf] kIfdf /x]sf] dfn] /fHon] hghfltnfO{ cfTd lg0f{osf]
clwsf/ lbg'kb{5 eGg] kIfdf 5 eGg'eof] . g]kfnL sf+u|];sf s]Gb|Lo
;b:o nId0f l3ld/]n] hflt, hghflt, blnt / lk5l8Psf ;d"bfosf] pTyfgsf nflu g]kfnL
sf+u|]; lqmofzLn /x]sf] atfpg'eof] . ;+3sf cWoIf lhk l5l/ª
nfdfsf] ;efkltTjdf ;DkGg pQm sfo{qmddf /fk|kf -rGb_ sf cWoIf /fh]Zj/ b]jsf]6f, /fli6«o
k|hftGq kf6L{sf afa'/fd kf}8]n, /fk|kf -rGb_ sf ;f]gfd l5l/ª z]kf{ / /fk|kfsf cfªl5l/ª
z]kf{nufotsf jQmfx¿n] cf–cfkm\gf] dGtJo JoQm ug'{eof]. ;df/f]xdf >L %
dxf/fhflw/fhaf6 dxflwj]zgsf] ;kmntfsf] sfdgf u/L k7fOaS;]sf] z'esfdgf ;Gb]z k9]/ ;'gfOPsf]
lyof] . sfo{qmddf g]sf+ ;efklt
sf]O/fnfn] ;+3Jbf/f k|sflzt :dfl/sfsf] ljdf]rg klg ug'{eof] . /f;; d"No, dfGotfsf] /fhgLlts cfr/0faf6 ;+;bLo Joj:yf ;'b[9 x'g]
ljZjf; JoQm g]kfnu+h, df3 &
ut] . ;efd'v tf/fgfy /fgfef6n] ;+;bLo Joj:yf dGqfnoåf/f cfh oxfF cfof]lht b'O{ lbg]
;+;bLo Joj:yf ;'b[9Ls/0f dWoklZrdfGrn If]qLo e]nfsf] pb\3f6g ub}{ d'n'ssf /fhgLlts bnx¿n]
d"No, dfGotf / ;xof]usf] /fhgLlts cfr/0f ug{ ;s] /fli6«o ;jfndf /fli6«o ;xdlt sfod
x'g'sf ;fy} ;+;bLo Joj:yf ;'b[9 x'g] ljZjf; JoQm ug'{eof] . ;efd'v /fgfef6n] zflGt
;'/Iff clxn] d'n'ssf] k|d'v cfjZostf ePsf] atfpFb} eGg'eof]– cft+ssf/L ultljlw
ug]{x¿ /fhgLlts ;d"x xf] jf xf]Og 5'6\ofpg'k5{ / lgsfzsf] af6f]
vf]Hg'k5{ . pxfFn] ;d;fdlos /fhgLlt tyf
ax'bnLo Joj:yfdf cfk;L cg'ej cfbfgk|bfg u/L k|hftflGqs d"No, dfGotf / ;+:s[ltnfO{
ufpF tx;Dd k'¥ofpg ;xefuL hgk|ltlglwx¿nfO{ e]nfn] :ki6 lbzf lgb]{z ug]{ ljZjf; JoQm
ug'{eof] . sfg'g tyf Gofo / ;+;bLo
Joj:yfdGqL tfl/0fLbQ r6f}tn] ;efkltsf] cf;gaf6 ljsf; lgdf{0f sfo{df ;f+;beGbf :yfgLo
hgk|ltlglwx¿sf] e"ldsf ;zQm x'g] atfpg'eof] . pxfFn] lhNnfsf] ljsf;
lgdf{0fdf cfjZos ah]6 ljlgof]hgsf nflu ;f+;b / :yfgLo hgk|ltlglwx¿ aLr ;dGjo x'g'k5{
eGg'eof] . dGqL r6f}tn] k|hftGq
k'gj{xfnLsf] !) jif{sf] cEof;af6 :yfgLo :jfoQ zf;g P]g kfl/t eO{ lgodfjnL klg ag]sf]
atfpFb} hgk|ltlglwx¿nfO{ cfˆgf] lhDd]jf/L af]w u/fpg / cK7\of/f l:yltsf] ;dfwfg
vf]Hg e]nf ;fy{s x'g] ljZjf; JoQm ug'{eof] . g]kfnL sf+u|];sf dxfdGqL
;'lzn sf]O/fnfn] ;+;bLo Joj:yfnfO{ ;'b[9 / zlQmzfnL agfpg] xf] eg] d'n'sdf zflGt ;'/Iff
tyf cdgr}g sfod x'g'k5{ eGg'eof] . pxfFn] d'n'snfO{ ljs[lt /
lj;+ultaf6 d'Qm ug{ ;a} kIf Psh"6 x'g'k5{ eGb} ;+;bLo Joj:yfnfO{ ;'b[9 agfpg lrGtgzLn
x'g'kg]{ cfjZostf 5 eGg'eof] . k"j{ ;efd'v bdggfy
9'+ufgfn] hgtfsf] xs ;'lglZrt ug{, ;+:yfut d"No / dfGotfsf] ljsf; ug{ tyf ;+;bLo
Joj:yfnfO{ cem alnof] agfpg ljutsf lbgdf hgk|ltlglwx¿af6 ePsf sfdsf] d"Nof+sg u/L
sdL sdhf]/LnfO{ ;Rofpg e]nfsf ;xefuLx¿n] v'nf ax; / 5nkmn ug'{k5{ eGg'eof] . csf{ k"j{ ;efd'v Pj+
;f+;b /fdrGb| kf}8]nn] ;+;bLo Joj:yf ;'b[9 ug{ k|hftflGqs d"No / dfGotfsf] cfwf/df
/fi6«sf] ljsf;df hgk|ltlglwx¿ OdfGbf/Lk"j{s ;dlk{t x'g'k5{ eGg'eof] . ;df/f]xdf k"j{ dGqL Pj+
g]kfnL sf+u|];sf k|jQmf g/xl/ cfrfo{n] hgtfnfO{ clws ;'ljwf, ;DkGgtf / :jtGqtf lbg ;s]sf]
v08df ;+;bLo Joj:yf ;'b[9 x'G5 eGb} :yfgLo hgk|ltlglw / ;f+;bx¿ hgtfsf] kIfdf ;Fw}
lqmofzLn x'g'k5{ eGg'eof] . ;f] cj;/df /fli6«o ;efsf
;f+;b uf}/f k|;fO{, ;Nofg lhNnf ljsf; ;ldltsf ;efklt pbo af]x/f, afFs] lhNnf ljsf; ;ldltsf
;efklt cf]dhË /f0ff / ;+;bLo Joj:yf dGqfnosf ;lrj >Ls[i0f uf}tdn] dGtJo JoQm ug'{ePsf]
lyof] . ;f] e]nfdf k"j{ ;efd'v
/fdrGb| kf}8]nn] ;+;bLo k|hftflGqs k|0ffnLdf :yfgLo :jfoQ zf;gsf] cjwf/0ff / o;sf Jojxfl/s
kIfx¿, g]kfnL sf+u|];sf k|jQmf g/xl/ cfrfo{n] ljsf; lgdf{0f sfo{df :yfgLo lgsfo /
;f+;bx¿sf] cGt/;DaGw / csf{ k"j{ ;efd'v bdggfy 9'+ufgfn] ljlw lgdf{0fdf ;+;b /
:yfgLo lgsfosf] e"ldsf ljifodf sfo{kq k|:t't ug'{ x'g] sfo{qmd 5 . ef]ln;Dd ;+rfng x'g] ;f]
e]nfdf dWoklZrdfGrn If]qsf lhNnfsf :yfgLo k|ltlglw / ;f+;bx¿sf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] 5 . /f;; ljdfg:yndf k|j]zkf;sf] ljjfb cGt/f{li6«o p8fgsf ofq' cnkq uf]/vfkq ;dfrf/bftf laxfg s/La !! ah]
ljdfg:ynsf] cfudg sIfdf sfo{/t eG;f/sf s]xL sd{rf/L ljdfg:yn k|j]zkf; glnO{ / s]xL Dofb
;lsPsf] k|j]zkf; lnO{ 8\o"6Ldf k|j]z ug{ vf]Hbf k|x/Ln] pgLx¿nfO{ sfo{sIf leq
l5g{ lbPgg\ . ljdfg:yndf sfo{/t
sd{rf/Lsf] Dofb ;lsPsf] klg kfFr ÷5 dlxgf eO;s]sf] k'/fgf] kl/rokq af]s]/ ljdfg:yn k'u]sf
sd{rf/LnfO{ k|x/Ln] /f]s]kl5 ToxfF lgs} a]/ xf]xNnf ePsf] lyof] . To;a]nf yfO{ Po/nfOG; /
l;+ufk'/ Po/nfOG;af6 cfPsf ofq'x¿n] eG;f/ hfFr kf; u/fpg gkfP/ cnkq kg'{ k/]sf] s'/f
ljdfg:yndf 6\ofS;L ;]jf ;~rfng ub}{ cfPsf k|ToIfbzL{ 6\ofS;L rfnsx¿n] atfP . ;f] ;DaGwdf eG;f/sf
sd{rf/Lx¿n] ljdfg:ynsf clwsf/Lx¿n] ;dodf k|j]zkf; gagfPsf] cf/f]k nufPsf 5g\ eg] k|x/Ln]
k|j]zkf; gePsfx¿nfO{ k|j]z ug{ glbg] cfb]z ljdfg:yn sfof{noaf6 cfPsf]n] To; lsl;dsf]
;d:of cfPsf] atfP . xfn lqe'jg cGt/f{li6«o
ljdfg:yndf !%÷!^ j6f ;/sf/L lgsfosf sd{rf/Lx¿ sfo{/t /x]sf] / To;df !^) hgf eG;f/sf
sd{rf/L sfo{/t 5g\ . ToxfF sfo{/t sd{rf/Lx¿df
ljdfg ckx/0f sf08kl5 ^% hgf hltnfO{ s]xL ;?jf / s]xL lgnDag ul/Psf] / ltgsf] 7fpFdf %% hgf
sd{rf/L ljleGg lhNnfaf6 NofOPsf] 5 . xfn aflx/af6 ;?jf eP/ cfPsf tL sd{rf/L;Fu
ljdfg:yn o;cl3 k|j]zkf; g} gePsf
sd{rf/LnfO{ klg eG;f/ sfof{nosf] kqsf] cfwf/df k|j]z ug{ lbg] u/]sf]df cfh PsfPs k|x/Ln]
k|j]zkf; gePsf / Dofb ;lsPsf] k|j]zkf; af]s]sf sd{rf/LnfO{ k|j]z ug{ glbPsf] / laxfg k|j]z
u/]sfnfO{ klg aflx/ lgsfn]kl5 ToxfF ;d:of ePsf] s'/f gfd atfpg grfxg] tL clws[t sd{rf/Ln]
kqsf/x¿nfO{ atfP . ;f] ;dodf leq kf;{n PS;/]
d]l;g rnfpg] sd{rf/L ;d]t aflx/ /x]/ eG;f/ hfFr x'g gkfO{ ofq'x¿ /f]lsPsf] :jLsfb}{ tL
cfudgdf sfo{/t sd{rf/Lx¿n] cfkm"x¿n] lqe'jg cGt/f{li6«o ljdfg:yn sfof{nonfO{
kl/rokq agfpg af/Daf/ cg'/f]w ubf{ klg ;f] gagfPsf sf/0f o; lsl;dsf] ;d:of cfPsf] atfOPsf]
lyof] . ;f] ;dodf cfudg sIfdf sfo{/t
$)÷%) hgf sd{rf/L aflx/ lgl:sPsf / To;a]nf k|x/L / sd{rf/LaLr tgfj ePsf] atfOPsf]
lyof] . ;f] 36gfaf/] lqe'jg
cGt/f{li6«o ljdfg:yndf sfo{/t k|x/L pk/LIfs ljgf]b l;+x;Fu ;Dks{ ubf{ pxfFn] ;DalGwt
sd{rf/Lx¿af6 ;fdfGo ;dembf/L g/fVbf To; lsl;dsf ;d:of cfPsf] / To;af6 ofq'df c;'ljwf
k'u]sf]df b'Mv JoQm ug'{eof] . pxfFn] lqe'jg cGt/f{li6«o
ljdfg:yn sfof{non] af/Daf/ lnlvt jf df}lvs ?kdf k|j]zkf; gePsf sf]xL JolQm …rfx] abL{
nUffPsf] k|x/L g} lsg gxf];\Ú nfO{ k|j]z ug{ glbg] cfb]z lbPsf] / ;'/Iffdf vl6Psf k|x/Ln]
klg ;f]xL cg';f/ /f]s nufpg vf]Hbf To; lsl;dsf] ;d:of cfPsf] atfpg'eof] . eG;f/ sd{rf/Lsf] k|j]zkf;
gePsf ljifodf cfkm"n] ljdfg:ynsf clwsf/Lx¿nfO{ hfgsf/L u/fpFbf eG;f/sf
sd{rf/Lx¿nfO{ kl/rokq agfpg af]nfpFbf klg agfpg gcfPsf] hfgsf/L lbPsf] atfpg'eof] . ;f] ;DaGwdf eG;f/ ljefusf
dxflgb]{zs a+zLw/ l3ld/]n] cfkm"n] ;f] 36gfaf/] ;'g]sf] t/ c¿ lj:t[t hfgsf/L gePsf]
atfpg'eof] . g]kfnL d"nsf ljb]zL g]kfn lelqg] qmd /f]Sg ;'emfj uf]/vfkq ;dfrf/bftf g]kfndf xfn ef/t, adf{nufot
e"6fgaf6 ;d]t 7"nf] ;+Vofdf dflg; lelqg] u/]sf] s'/f e"6fgL lkk'N; kf6L{n]
cfh oxfF cfof]lht kqsf/ ;Dd]ngdf :ki6 u¥of] . e"6fg lkk'N; kf6L{sf
cWoIf cf/=s]= a'9fyf]sLåf/f z/0ffyL{ ;d:of, e"6fgsf] jt{dfg l:ylt ljifodf hfgsf/L
u/fpg] p2]Zon] cfof]lht ;f] kqsf/ ;Dd]ngdf >L % sf] ;/sf/nfO{ Wofgfsif{0f u/fpFb} pQm
s'/f :ki6 kfg'{ePsf] xf] . cWoIf a'9fyf]sLn]
e"6fgdf ;g\ !(*& b]lv g} ax'hftLo ax'efifL d'n'ssf ¿kdf ljsl;t ax'bnLo sfg'gL
/fHosf] :yfkgf x'g'kg]{ dfu /fVb} cfPsf]df e"6fg ;/sf/n] blIf0fL efudf a:g] g]kfnL
d"nsf e"6fgLnfO{ x6fpg] gLlt lnPsf] pNn]v ug'{eof] . pxfFn] xfn e"6fgdf
/x]sf s/La #) xhf/eGbf a9L tflndk|fKt cNkmf pu|jfbL ;d"xnfO{ x6fpg ef/tLo ;}lgs k|j]z
u/]sf 5g\ . To; ;d:ofnfO{ s"6gLlts¿kn] ;dfwfg x'g'kg]{df hf]8 lbg'kg]{ / ;dfwfg
geO{ ;}lgs sf/jfxL ug'{k/]df ;j{;fwf/0fnfO{ k|efj kg{ lbg gx'g] hfgsf/L u/fpg'eof] . e"6fgsf] blIf0fL efudf
/x]sf xfn z/0ffyL{sf ¿kdf /x]sf g]kfnL hfltsf e"6fgLx¿sf] 3/hUuf e"6fg ;/sf/n]
/fli6«os/0f u/L ;'s'Daf;L /fVg yfn]sf 5g\ . /, tL /fli6«os/0f ul/Psf hldgsf] gS;f
kl/jt{gsf ;fy} gDa/ klg x6fO{ k'/fgf k|df0fx¿ n'Kt u/fpg vf]lhPsf] hfgsf/L ;f] cj;/df
lbOof] . e"6fg ;/sf/åf/f ljtl/t
k'/fgf] gful/stf k|df0fkq c+u|]hL / e"6fgL hf]ª\vf efiffdf /x]sf]df xfn e"6fgL
/fli6«o hf]ª\vf efiffdf dfq} ljt/0f u/L k|df0fxLg agfpg] gLlt nfu" ug{ vf]lhPsf]
klg atfOPsf] 5 . ;Dd]ngdf e"6fgsf dfgj
clwsf/jfbL g]tf 6]sgfy l/hfnnfO{ h]naf6 l/xfO ul/P klg e"6fg ;/sf/n] ;d:of
;dfwfg;DaGwdf 5nkmn ug]{ cfzo xfn;Dd gb]vfPsf] :ki6 ub}{ e"6fgaf6 lgsflnPsf ;a}
gful/snfO{ oyfl:yltdf ;–;Ddfg lkmtf{ af]nfpg'kg]{ wf/0ff hgfOPsf] 5 . z/0ffyL{ ;d:of g]kfnsf nflu
/fli6«o ;d:of ag]sf]n] ;/sf/n] s"6gLlts ¿kaf6 ;dfwfg ug{ e"6fg ;/sf/;Fu k6s–k6s
jftf{ u/]sf] eP klg o;sf] k|ult slt eof] eGg] ;DaGwdf z/0ffyL{x¿nfO{ hfgsf/L gePsfn]
>L % sf] ;/sf/ k//fi6« dGqfnodf z/0ffyL{ …6f:s kmf];{Ú u7g ug'{kg]{ / To;n]
e"6fgsf] l:yltsf] cWoog / ljZn]if0f u/L sfd ug{ ;/sf/nfO{ ;/n agfpg ;'emfj lbg]
Joj:yfsf nflu dfu ul/Psf] 5 . xfn ljZjdf b]lvPsf]
k|hftflGqs k|0ffnLsf] ljsf; u/L dfgj clwsf/sf] axfnL ug]{ k|0ffnL;Fu} e"6fgdf
k|hftGqsf] :yfkgf / dfgj clwsf/sf] ;+/If0fsf] dfu /flvg' s'g} gf}nf] k|;+u x}g . o;df
e"6fgL ;/sf/n] 5nkmn u/L ;dfwfg ug'{kg]{ s'/fdf hf]8;d]t ;f] cj;/df lbOof] . k|yd jif{sf] k|yd ljBfyL{ bf];|f] jif{df c;kmn k/LIff k|0ffnLaf/]
ljBfyL{ / klgsfaLr ljjfb uf]/vfkq ;dfrf/bftf cy{zf:q s]Gb|Lo ljefu
sLlt{k'/af6 k|yd jif{sf] k/LIffdf …6k6]gÚ sf] :yfg xfl;n ug{ ;kmn ljBfyL{dWo]
cfwfeGbf a9L bf];|f] jif{sf] k/LIffdf cg'QL0f{ x'g k'u]kl5 ;Da4 ljBfyL{n] klgsfsf]
pQ/k'l:tsf k/LIf0f, ;Dk/LIf0f sfo{k|lt k|Zg lrGx p7fPsf 5g\ . tL ljBfyL{x¿n] klgsfn]
k"jf{u|xL 9Ën] k/LIffsf pQ/k'l:tsfx¿ hfFr]sf] cf/f]k nufPsf 5g\ . cy{zf:q s]Gb|Lo ljefu
sLlt{k'/af6 k|yd jif{sf] k/LIffdf &@ k|ltzt c+s;lxt k|yd :yfg xfl;n ug{ ;kmn ljlkg
/]UdL nufot …6k6]gÚ cGtu{t låtLo, rf}yf], 5}7f}+, ;ftf}+ / cf7f}+ :yfg xfl;n ug{
;kmn ljBfyL{x¿ bf];|f] jif{sf] ;dli6 cy{zf:qdf cg'QL0f{ x'g k'u]kl5 klgsfsf]
sfo{k|0ffnLk|lt k|ZglrGx v8f ePsf] s'/f kLl8t ljBfyL{ ljlkg /]UdLn] atfpg'eof] .
pxfFsf cg';f/, k|yd jif{df kf; x'g] clwsf+z ljBfyL{ bf];|f] jif{df c;kmn x'g k'u]sf
5g\ . cfˆgf] sdhf]/LnfO{
klgsfsf] 6fpsf]df /fVg vf]Hg' ePsf] t xf]Og eGg] k|Zgsf] hjfkmdf ljBfyL{ /]UdLn] eGg'eof]–
To;f] xf]Og, k|sflzt glthf x]bf{ hf];'s}n] klg o;df klgsfsf] nfkjf{xL / q'l6 /x]sf] eGg
;Sg] l:ylt 5 . k|sflzt glthfn] klgsfsf]
nfkjf{xL / q'l6nfO{ phfu/ u/]sf] 5 . k"jf{u|xL 9Ën] pQ/k'l:tsf hfFr ul/Psf]
dx;'; xfdLn] u/]sf 5f}+ . o; uNtLnfO{ klgsfn] ;Rofpg} kb{5 / pQ/k'l:tsf k'gM k/LIf0f
ul/g'kb{5, ljBfyL{ /]UdLn] cfqmf]lzt d'b|fdf atfpg'eof] . pxfFsf] syg 5–
æk|sflzt glthfsf] c+s hf]8\bf klg dx]Gb| ljBfe"if0fsf] efuL 5' t/ s] ug]{< ;dli6
cy{zf:qdf hDdf @^ gDa/ cfP/ km]n ePsf] 5' .Æ pxfFsf cg';f/, cGo ljifodf eg] pxfFn]
/fd|} gDa/ Nofpg' ePsf] 5 . ljBfyL{x¿n] clxn] k/LIff
lgoGqs / ljefuLo k|d'vsf] /fhLgfdf nufot pQ/k'l:tsf k'gM k/LIf0f ug'{kg]{ dfu /fvL s]Gb|Lo
ljefudf tfnfaGbL u/]sf 5g\ . o;} ljifonfO{ lnP/ d+unjf/ s]Gb|Lo ljefudf tf]8kmf]8
ul/Psf] s'/f ;Da4 JolQmx¿n] atfPsf 5g\ . ljBfyL{x¿sf] klgsfk|ltsf]
o; cf/f]ksf] af/]df ;x lgoGqs lwtfn eGg'x'G5— k|sflzt k/LIffkmnk|lt ljBfyL{sf] lrQ
ga'em]sf]n] of] l:ylt pTkGg ePsf] xf] . t/, ljBfyL{sf] cf/f]k lg/fwf/ 5 / k/LIffkmn
k"jf{u|xL 9Ën] k|sflzt ul/+b}g / ul/Psf] klg 5}g . ;x–lgoGqs lwtfnsf
cg';f/, ljBfyL{nfO{ k|sflzt glthfk|lt lrQ ga'‰b}df ;a} k|lqmof unt eof] eGg
ldNb}g . ;a} s'/f k|lqmofut ¿kdf ePsf]n] o;nfO{ k"jf{u|xL eGg gldNg] s'/f
pxfFn] :ki6 ug'{eof] . ljBfyL{sf] ph'/L klgsfdf
cfPsf] pNn]v ub}{ pxfFn] To; ;DaGwdf cfGtl/s cWoog ubf{ s'g} q'l6 gkfOPsf] s'/f klg :ki6
ug'{eof] . …ljBfyL{nfO{ lrQ ga'‰b}df
k/LIff lgoGqs / ljefuLo k|d'vsf] /fhLgfdf dfu ug{ ldNb}g . o;} ljifonfO{ lnP/
/fhLgfdf lbg'kg]{ cj:yf klg 5}g lsgsL ToxfF s'g} q'l6 g} ePsf] 5}gÚ ;x–lgoGqs
lwtfnn] eGg'eof] . k|lqmofut ¿kdf ePsf]
sfdnfO{ k"jf{u|xL 9Ën] ul/Psf] egL klgsfs} ljZj;gLotfdf k|ZglrGx v8f ug]{ h'g sfd
ePsf] 5 Tof] b'ef{Uok"0f{ xf] eGb} ;x lgoGqs lwtfn eGg'x'G5– klgsfn] s'g} klg
ljBfyL{k|lt cfu|x / k"jf{u|x /fVb}g, ljBfyL{n] cfwf/xLg s'/f ubf{ To;n] lqlj /
klgsfsf] k|lti7fdf cfFr k'¥ofpg ;S5 . ph'/Lsf] k|f/lDes cWoogaf6
o;df s'g} q'l6 ePsf] 5}g t/ klg ph'/L k/]kl5 k|lqmofut ¿kdf cl3 a9\g'kg]{ ePsf]n] o;nfO{
xfdLn] s]Gb|Lo k/LIff ;ldltdf /fVg'kb{5 eGb} ;x–lgoGqs lwtfnn] eGg'eof]– ;f]
;ldltn] klg o;df yk 5fglag ug]{5 . o;} ;DaGwdf lqljsf
pks'nklt;Fu ;Dks{ /fVbf pxfFn] o;;DaGwL ph'/L cfkm";dIf ljBfyL{n] lnP/ cfPsf] /
cfkm"n] k/LIff ;ldltnfO{ cfjZos 5fglagsf nflu lgb]{zg lbPsf] atfpg'eof] . o;};DaGwdf cy{zf:q s]Gb|Lo
ljefusf k|fWofks u'0flglw zdf{;Fu ;Dks{ /fVbf pxfFn] ;fdfGotdf gDa/df o:tf] km/s gkg'{kg]{
xf] eGg'eof] . k|yd jif{df &@ k|ltzt
c+s;lxt kf; ePsf ljBfyL{ bf];|f] jif{df km]n x'g' b'Mvsf] s'/f xf] eGb} pxfFn] eGg'eof]–
ljefudf ;dli6 cy{zf:q lgoldt k9fO x'G5, k9fpg] lzIfs klg /fd|f 5g\ / ljBfyL{ klg /fd|} 5g\
t/ v} lsg o:tf] eof] < k|yd jif{df &@
k|ltzt;lxt kf; x'g] ljBfyL{ bf];|f] jif{df km]n x'g ;Dej 5 t eGbf pxfFsf] k|ltlqmof lyof]–
s] ;Dej s] c;Dej, hxfF klg eb|uf]n 5 . ljdfg ckx/0faf/] k|ltj]bg ;f]djf/ k]z ul/g] sf7df8f+}, df3 &
ut] . Ol08og Po/nfOG;sf] ljdfg ckx/0fsf ;DaGwdf 5fgljg ug{ ul7t pRr:t/Lo 5fgljg
;ldltn] cfufdL ;f]djf/ cfˆgf] k|ltj]bg k]z ug]{ ;ldltn] hgfPsf] 5 . >L % sf] ;/sf/n] lqe'jg
cGt//fli6«o ljdfg:ynaf6 ef/tsf] gofFlbNnLsf nflu p8]sf] Ol08og Po/nfOG;sf] p8fg g+= cfO;L
*!$ sf] ut k'; * ut] ePsf] ljdfg ckx/0fsf ;DaGwdf 5fgljg u/L ko{6g tyf gful/s p88\og
dGqfno ;dIf k|ltj]bg k]z ug{ k'; ( ut] x]daxfb'/ l;x+sf] cWoIftfdf kfFr ;b:oLo pRr:t/Lo
5fgljg ;ldlt u7g u/]sf] lyof] . /f;; |
| :yfgLo ;dfrf/ | | cy{tGq | | ;DkfbsLo | | k|ltlqmof | | ljrf/÷ljZn]if0f | | v]n Jofofd |
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