/fi6«ufg sf] zNolqmof

df]bgfy k|l>t

s]xL bzsb]lv …/fi6«ufgÚ sf] ¿kdf rNb} cfPsf] …>Ldfg\ uDeL/ g]kfnL===Ú @)$^ ;fnsf] hgcfGbf]ngb]lv ljjfbf:kb ePsf] 5 . @)$& ;fndf ;+ljwfg lgdf{0fsf] a]nf ;do ;'xfp“bf] 9+un] /fi6«ufg km]g'{kg]{ cfjfh p7]sf] lyof] . d}n] ;+ljwfg ;'wf/ ;'emfj cfof]unfO{ Pp6f gd'gf uLt klg ;'emfPsf] lyp“ . lqkIfLo ;dembf/Laf6 ;+ljwfg aGg nfu]sfn] ;'emfj cfof]usf sltko ;b:ox¿n] ;fob /fhfkIfsf] efjgfnfO{ Wofgdf /fvL To;sf] ljsNk gvf]Hg cfu|x u/] xf]nfg\ . t/ pgLx¿n] k|rlnt …/fi6«ufgÚ kl/jlt{t kl/l:ylt / ;du| /fi6«sf] efjgfcg'¿k 5 ls 5}g eGg] s'/flt/ Wofg lbPgg\ . Toltdfq xf]Og gj:yflkt ;+j}wflgs /fhtGq / :jo+ /fhfsf] dof{bfcg'¿k To; …ufgÚ sf] efjfy{ 5 ls 5}g eGg]lt/ klg pgLx¿n] ;f]r]gg\ . Tof] ufg k|hftflGqs o'usf hgtfsf] efjgfljk/Lt 5 eg]/ rsf]{ lj/f]w x'"bfx'"b} klg To;nfO{ …zfxL ;nfdLÚ sf] ku/L u'"yfP/ sfod /flvof] / ljBfnox¿df ufpg klg 5f]l8Pg .

d o; n]vdf To; …ufgÚ n] JoQm ug]{ cy{ s]nfP/ lxhf]sf] ;Gbe{df Tof] lsg /flvof] / cfh Tof] lsg c;fGble{s 5 clg Tof] …zfxL ;nfdLÚ eGg klg lsg pko'Qm 5}g eGg] s'/f k|:t't ug{ rfxG5' .

…>Ldfg\ uDeL/ g]kfnL
k|r08 k|tfkL e"klt
>L % dxf/fhflw/fh ;/sf/sf]
;bf /xf];\ pGglt
/fv'g\ lr/fo' O{zn]
k|hf km}lnof];\
k'sf/f}+ ho k|]dn]
xfdL g]kfnL ;f/fn] .Ú

log} x'g\ k|rlnt …/fi6«ufgÚ sf k+lQm / zAbx¿ .

d ;j{k|yd /fhgLltzf:q, ;dfhzf:q / Oltxf;sf ljåfg\ / ljBfyL{x¿;“u ;f]Wg rfxG5', o; …ufgÚ sf] s'grflx" zAb, k+lQm / cy{n] …/fi6«sf] ufgÚ eGg] cy{ of efj JoQm u5{ < dnfO{ nfU5, s'g}n] klg JoQm ub}{g . o;df ufg ul/Psf] d"nkfq sf] xf] < …>L % dxf/fhflw/fh ;/sf/Ú xf] . s] /fhf / /fi6« eGg] s'/f kof{ojfrL of ;dfgfyL{ zAb x'g\ < xf]Ogg\ . dWosfndf obfsbf /fhf / /fHo Pp6} xf] eGg] cx+sf/k"0f{ efjgf JoQm x'GYof] . k|mfG;sf ;d|f6 n'O{ rf}wf}+n] …d g} /fHo x'"Ú eGg] bk{ 5f“6]sf lyP . t/ s'g} klg /fhf jf ;d|f6n] …d g} /fHo x'"Ú eg]sf] cfh;Dd ;'lgPsf] 5}g . s]xL dflg; ;f]/;f]/}df /fHo / /fi6«nfO{ Pp6} cy{df k|of]u ug{ vf]H5g\ t/ Tof] cy{, cfzo, Jofs/0f, lj1fg cflb ;a} b[li6n] unt 5 .

/fi6« zAbn] ;femf e"ld, ;femf efiff, ;femf ;+:s[lt, ;femf dgf]lj1fg / ;femf cy{tGq ePsf] hflt jf hftLo ;d"xx¿sf] ;lDdlnt PsfTds cj:yf eGg] efj JoQm u5{ . o; …ufgÚ df st}af6 klg To:tf] efj JoQm x'"b}g . xf], o;df …xfdL g]kfnL ;f/fÚ eGg] jfSof+z 5, o;n] /fi6«sf] efj emNsfp“5, t/ of] ufg ul/g] kfq geO{ ufg ug]{ ;d"x xf] . To;}n] of] …ufgÚ /fi6«sf] ufg geO{ /fi6«åf/f ul/g] /fhfsf] ufg xf] eGg] s'/f :ki6 5 .

@)$& eGbf cufl8 dWosfnLg cjz]ifsf] ¿kdf lg/+s'z /fhtGq /x]sf] a]nf :t'ltufos slj n]vsx¿n] ;d|f6 rf}wf}+ n'O{nfO{ ;d]t pl5g]/ /fhf / /fi6« Pp6} xf] egL o;nfO{ …/fi6«ufgÚ eg] xf]nfg\ . t/ 7"nf] alnbfgL ;+3if{kl5 ;fj{ef}d ;Qf;DkGg ePsf hgtfn] /fhf / /fi6«nfO{ ;dfgfyL{ dfGg' / /fhfsf] ufgnfO{ /fi6«sf] ufg eg]/ ufpg' t nfhsf] dg'{ s'/f g} eof] lg . of] s'/f ;fj{ef}d hgtfnfO{ dfq c:jLsfo{ x'g] xf]Og, olb o; …ufgÚ sf] cy{ ulx/f]l;t a'em]df ;+j}wflgs dof{bfdf a;]sf ;'lzlIft, cfw'lgs /fhfnfO{ klg cdof{lbt, c¿lrs/ / c:jLsfo{ nfUg]5 / zfxL ;nfdLsf] ¿kdf ;'Gbf klg cK7]/f] x'g]5 .

ca o; …ufgÚ sf] zAbfy{ / efjfy{nfO{ P]ltxfl;s ;Gbe{ / jt{dfg kl/j]zdf /fv]/ ljj]rgf u/f}+ .

>Ldfg\ uDeL/ g]kfnL

olb jt{dfg /fhfs} k|z+;fsf] jf ;nfdLsf] ;Gbe{df x]g]{ xf] eg] oL tLg zAbdf s'g} c;fGble{s jf c:jfefljs cy{ 5}g . of] /fhfsf] ljnIf0fsf] ¿kdf cfPsf] 5 . …>Ldfg\Ú zAb clxn] /fhfeGbf aflx/sf kb jf gftfdf a9L k|of]u x'G5 . GofofwLzx¿sf lglDt cbfntdf cfv/}lkR5] k|of]u x'G5 eg] c8\8fsf xflsdx¿, dfGohgx¿ / nf]Ug]sf] kof{ojfrL zAbsf ¿kdf ;j{q k|of]u x'G5 . /fhfsf lglDt o;eGbf w]/} dflyNnf cfb/fyL{ …df};'kmÚ jf …;/sf/Ú h:tf zAb k|of]u ug]{ rng 5 . hgtfn] /fhfnfO{ …tkfO{+Ú t s] …xh'/Ú eGbf;d]t ckdfgaf]w x'g] afgL k/]sf] 5 . o:tf] l:yltdf /fhfnfO{ …>Ldfg\Ú eGg kfp“bf hgtfnfO{ s]xL xn'+u} x'g]5 . ;fob klxn] /fhf, dxf/fhfx¿ …xh'/Ú eGbf dfly gr9\b} of] ufg n]lvPsf] x'gfn] af]nrfndf …>Ldfg\Ú gkr] klg ufgdf kr]sf] xf]nf . …uDeL/ g]kfnLÚ eg]/ /fhfnfO{ ;Daf]wg ug{ s]xL cK7]/f] 5}g, olb /fhf ;w}+el/ ;f“Rr} g} uDeL/, eb| / ;+j}wflgs dof{bfleqs} g]kfnL eP/ al;/x]df . casf /fhfx¿df /0faxfb'/, /fh]Gb|, ;'/]Gb|sf] h:tf] cuDeL/tf cfpg] 5}g eGg] ;asf] sfdgf 5"b}5 .

k|r08 k|tfkL e"klt

k|r08 cyf{t\ hah{G8, pu| jf Hofb} rsf]{ :jefjsf] . k|tfkL– cfkm\gf lj/f]wL jf zq'nfO{ q:t agfpg / bafpg ;Sg] zlQmzfnL . e"klt– /fhf jf e"ldsf] dflns . dWosfndf /fhf g} ;Dk|e' / b]zsf] ;Dk"0f{ hldgsf] dflns dflgGYof] . /fhfn] cfkm"v'zL w]/}–w]/} hldg af“8]/ :yfgLo /fhf, ;/bf/, ljtf{jfn, lhDd'jfn, d'lvof cflb h:tf ;fdGt lgo'Qm ug]{ rng lyof] . o; ;Gbe{df /fhfsf] …e"kltÚ ljz]if0fn] b]zsf] ;aeGbf 7"nf] e"ldklt, lj/f6, hldgbf/ jf ;fdGtx¿sf] clwklt eGg] efj JoQm u5{ . of] ljz]if0f nfdf] ;do;Dd rNbfrNbf /fhfjfrs ;+1f aGg k'u]sf] xf] .

;du|df eGbf oL tLgj6} zAbn] dNnsfnLg lg/+s'z, v'+vf/, n8fs', ;anfO{ ysf{p“b} c¿sf /fHo / dof{bfx¿ ldRb} lx+8\g], ljtf{jfn, hldgbf/, ;fdGtx¿sf] dflns cflb–cflb efjfy{ JoQm u5{g\ . oL ljz]if0f cfw'lgs k|hftflGqs o'usf lzlIft, ;Eo, ;f}Do, uDeL/ / ;+j}wflgs /fhfsf] JolQmTjnfO{ k6Ss} ;'xfp“b}gg\ .

>L % dxf/fhflw/fh ;/sf/sf] ;bf /xf];\ pGglt

>L %– g]kfnsf /fhfnfO{ ;Ddfg JoQm ug]{ >L >L >L >L >L . dxf/fhflw/fh– w]/} /fhfx¿eGbf dfly a;]sf cyf{t\ w]/} /fhfx¿dfly x}sd rnfpg ;Sg] . ;/sf/sf]– /fHosf dflnssf], ;bf;j{bf pGglt–k|ult eO/xf];\ .

g]kfnsf /fhfnfO{ …w]/} /fhfx¿ dflysf dxf/fhflw/fhÚ eGg] ljz]if0f k[YjLgf/fo0fb]lv dx]Gb|;Ddsf /fhfx¿sf] xsdf ;fob l7s} x'GYof] xf]nf . t/ clxn] t s]jn aemfª / ddfª b'O{ 7fp“df dfq dfgfy{ /fhf af“sL /x]sf 5g\, c¿ /fhf–/hf}6f t pGd"ng eO;s] . o:tf] l:yltdf s]jn b'O6f dfgfy{ /fhfeGbf dfly …dxf/fhflw/fhÚ h:tf] ef/L e/sd zAb slt xb;Dd ;fy{s / ;Ddfgaf]ws x'g ;S5 <

/fv'g\ lr/fo' O{zn]

To:tf dxf/fhflw/fh ;/sf/nfO{ O{zn] -O{Zj/n]_ bL3f{o' agfOlbpg\ .

k|hf km}lnof];\

k|hf– cyf{t\ /fhfåF/F zfl;t b]zsf hgtf -/}tLx¿_ sf] ;+Vof, zfvf–;Gtfg km}ln+b} hfcf];\ . JolQmnfO{ z'esfdgf lb+bf …;Gtfgn] 8f“8fsf“8f 9fs'g\Ú eg]h:t} .

k'sf/f}+ ho k|]dn]
xfdL g]kfnL ;f/fn] .

pko'{Qm u'0f / ljz]iftf ePsf >L % dxf/fhflw/fhsf] hohosf/ xfdL ;Dk"0f{ g]kfnLx¿n] a8f] k|]dk"j{s u/f}+, cyf{t\ s/sfkn] xf]Og .

o; …ufgÚ n] l;+uf] /fi6« of ;Dk"0f{ g]kfnL hgtfsf] pGglt / k|ultsf] sfdgf u/]sf] 5}g . o;n] t >L % dxf/fhflw/fh ;/sf/sf] dfq ;bf pGglt eO/xf];\– /lx/xf];\ eg]sf] 5 . s] …k|r08 k|tfkL e"kltÚ h:tf] dWosfnLg rl/qsf /fhfsf] …;bf /xf];\ pGgltÚ eGg] ufg k|hftGq / ;+j}wflgs /fhtGqsf] r/0fsf ;f/f g]kfnL hgtfn] ufpg ldN5 < clg To:tf /fhfsf] u'0fufgnfO{ g} cfhsf] o'udf /fi6«ufg eGg ldN5 <

o;df /fhfnfO{ bL3f{o'sf] z'esfdgf lb+bf …/fv'g\ lr/fo' O{zn]Ú elgPsf] 5 . o;df Vofn ug'{kg]{ b'O{j6f s'/f 5g\ . klxnf] g]kfn ax'hftLo, ax'wfld{s cflb eg]h:t} ax'bfz{lgs d'n's klg xf] . o; d'n'sdf O{Zj/jfbL bz{g dfGg] dfG5]dfq 5}gg\ . o;} d'n'sdf k|s[ltjfbL ;f+Vobz{g slknd'lgn] k|ltkfbg u/]sf x'g\ . ;f+Vosf] ;d]t k|efjaf6 uf}td a'4n] j]blj/f]wL clgZj/jfbL bz{g cl3 ;f/]sf x'g\ . ;anfO{ yfxf 5, g]kfndf af}4x¿sf] 7"nf] ;+Vof 5 . clgZj/jfbL h}g wd{ dfGg] klg oxf“ y'k|} 5g\ . clgZj/jfbL åGåfTds ef}ltsjfbL sDo'lg:6x¿sf] oxf“ ljzfn ;+Vof 5 . tGqjfbL cg]sf}+ hghfltx¿df O{Zj/sf] cl:tTj 5}g . sfNklgs O{Zj/sf] cl:tTj gdfGg] oqf] ljzfn hg;+Vof ePsf] d'n'sdf …O{Zj/n] /fhfsf] lr/fo' /fv'g\Ú eGg] z'esfdgfsf] houfg …;f/f g]kfnLÚ af6, cem Tof] klg k|]dk"j{s s;/L x'g ;S5 < of] c¿sf] ljrf/ / bz{gsf] :jtGqtfdfly hah{:tL O{Zj/jfb nfb\g] s'/f ePg <

csf]{ s'/f, cfhsf] j}1flgs o'udf dfG5]n] bL3f{o' k|fKt ug]{ klg j}1flgs k4lt g} 5g\ . To;}n] :jf:Yosf] z'esfdgfdf klg O{Zj/ u'xfg'{kg]{ cfjZostf 5}g . g]kfnsf] ;Gbe{df eGbf t …of]u / Wofgsf] lzj k/Dk/f / lxdfnsf d"Nojfg\ cf}iflwx¿n] ltdLnfO{ bL3f{o' k|bfg u¿g\Ú eGg' kf] plrt xf]nf t . To;f] u/] hgtfdf /fli6«o efjgfsf] ljsf;df klg yk ;xof]u k'Ug]5 .

…k|hf km}lnof];\Ú eGg] z'esfdgf ca t b]zsf] nflu j/bfg xf]Og clezfk g} x'g]5 . Psflt/ b]zn] kl/jf/ lgof]hg / sd ;Gtfgsf] nflu s/f]8f}+s/f]8 vr{ ug]{, csf{lt/ …k|hf km}lnof];\Ú eGg] ufg ;a} g]kfnLn] ufp“b} lx+8\g] . xf“;f] nfUbf] s'/f ePg / < To;} t blIf0fsf dfG5] cf]Ol/P/ cfkt 5 . dfG5]sf] a]/f]huf/L k/fsfi7fdf k'lu;Sof] . ca klg k|hfsf] ;+Vof slt a9fO/xg] <

oL ;a} s'/fnfO{ Wofgdf /fVbf of] …ufgÚ ljBfnosf ljBfyL{x¿n] klg ufpg pko'Qm 5}g / …zfxL ;nfdLÚ sf] ¿kdf ;}lgs, k|x/L cflbn] ufpg klg 7Ls 5}g . cflv/ ljBfyL{h:tf] ;+j]bgzLn / efjL s0f{wf/ ;d'bfon] o; …ufgÚ sf] cfzonfO{ cfkm\gf] lrGtg / cfr/0fdf uf“:of] eg] Tof] s:tf] gful/s aGnf < ;}lgs / k|x/Lx¿ klg gful/s x'g\ / /fi6«sf] zflGt;'/Iffk|lt k|lta4 ePsfn] pgLx¿n] klg ;fj{ef}d ;Qf;DkGg hgtfsf] efjgf cg'¿ksf] /fi6«ufg ufpg kfpg'k5{ .

olb /fhfsf] ;Ddfgdf zfxL ;nfdL lglDt s'g} ufgsf] cfjZostf 5 eg] cfhsf ;+j}wflgs /fhtGqsf /fhfsf] ljz]iftf cg'¿ksf] ufg x'g'k5{ . /fhfsf ljz]if0fx¿df …ljåfg\, a'l4dfg, ;f}Do, ljj]sL / ;+ljwfg, k|hftGq / hgtfsf] sb/ ug]{, cfkm"nfO{ alnof] xf]Og, /fi6«nfO{ zlQmzfnL agfpg rfxg], cfkm\gf] kl/jf/leqsf s'g} klg ;b:onfO{ p208 eO{ hgtfdfly cft+s dRrfpg glbg], @)!& ;fn bf]xf]¥ofpg grfxg]Ú cflbh:tf s'/f /fv]/ agfP x'G5 .

t/ jf:tljs /fi6«ufgrflx" o:tf] x'g'k5{ h'g ufg hgtf / /fhkl/jf/;“u} pleP/ ufpg ;s'g\ . To;df b]zsf], b]zsf uf}/jzfnL Oltxf;sf], kl/>dL / a'l4dfg hgtfsf], /fi6«, k|hftGq / ;dfhjfbsf] lglDt cfTdalnbfg ug]{ zxLbx¿sf], /fi6«sf lje"lt, qmflGtsf/L of]4f, ljleGg If]qsf pRr k|ltef / kf}/vL k"j{hx¿sf], ;u/dfyf, n'lDagL / hgsk'/ cflbsf] uf}/jufyfo'Qm j0f{g xf];\ / ;Dk"0f{ g]kfnLnfO{ ;fdGtjfb / ;fd|fHojfbnfO{ k/f:t u/]/ jf:tljs hgtGq / ;dfhjfblt/ cl3 a9\g k|]l/t ug]{ vfnsf] xf];\ . h'g ufg ufp“bf lz/ em'Sg] / dgdf v]b x'g] gxf];\ . /fi6«ufg lz/ 7f8f] kf/]/, dg k|km'Nn x";fP/ b]z / hgtfsf] ;d[l4 / uf}/j a9fpg] sfdgf;lxt k|]dk"j{s ufpg kfOof];\ .

lzIfs 5gf}6 k|lqmofdf b]vfk/]sf lj;+ult

dfwjk|;fb d/x¶f

;fj{hlgs ljBfnosf] z}lIfs :t/ vl:sPsf]df cleefjs, lzIfs / ljBfyL{ lrlGtt 5g\ . lzIff gLlt, kf7\oqmd, kf7\ok':ts, ljBfno, k|zf;g / Joj:yfkg, ljBfnosf] sdhf]/ cfly{s Joj:yf, lg/LIf0f d"Nof+sgdf b]vfk/]sf lj;+ult lzIffsf] d'Vo ;d:of xf] . :t/ vl:sg'df cGo s'/fsf] cltl/Qm lzIFs klg xf] . of]Uo / k|lta4 lzIfs lzIff ljsf;sf] nflu ckl/xfo{ 5 . lagf s'g} k"jf{u|x of]Uo lzIfssf] 5gf}6 x'g ;s]df :t/ prfNg 6]jf ldNg]5 . bnLo /fhgLltaf6 lzIff If]qnfO{ cnu /fVg'k5{ . t/ g]kfnsf] kl/k|]Iodf o:tf] x'g ;s]g . kf6L{sf] emf]nf af]Sg]sf] pRr d"Nof+sg x'g] ;w}+ k7gkf7gdf Odfgbf/Lk"j{s sfd ug]{sf] cjd"Nog x'g] x'"bf of]Uo, Odfgbf/ / k|lta4 lzIfs kfvf nfUg] sfd ePsfn] of]Uo lzIfssf] ;+Vof Go"g x'"b} uPsf] 5 . k~rfotsfnb]lv g} cf:yfsf] cfwf/df lzIfs 5gf}6 ul/g] sfdn] ax'bnLo Joj:yfkZrft\ lg/Gt/tf kfof] . /fhgLlts elt{s]Gb|sf] ¿kdf lzIff If]qnfO{ hah{:t ljsf; ul/of] . nfdf] ;do;Dd c:yfoL ¿kdf sfd ug]{ lzIfs lg¿T;flxt eP . Ps z}lIfs ;q k"/f ug]{ lzIfsnfO{ k|lqmof k"/f u/L :yfoL ug]{ @)$* sf] lg0f{o g]kfn /fli6«o lzIfs ;+u7gsf] bafjdf eof] . ax'bnLo Joj:yfkZrft\ lzIfsx¿sf] pn{+bf] cfsf+Iff, ljZjljBfnosf ! jif{ k"/f ug]{ ;a} lzIfsnfO{ :yfoL ug]{ lg0f{okl5 ;fj{hlgs ljBfnodf Ps z}lIfs jif{ k"/f ug]{ lzIfsnfO{ :yfoL ul/of] . of] lg0f{o ;DaGwdf ljleGg If]qaf6 l6sfl6Kk0fL eP tfklg tTsfnLg ;dodf ;f] lg0f{osf] ljsNk lyPg . s'g} klg lzIfs ^ dlxgfeGbf a9L ;do c:yfoL ¿kdf sfd ug'{kg]{ l:ylt l;h{gf ul/g'x'Gg / lzIfs :yfoL ug{sf] nflu ^÷^ dlxgfdf lj1fkg ul/g'k5{ / 5gf}6sf] nflu nf]s;]jf cfof]u k|s[ltsf] ;+j}wflgs /fli6«o lzIfs ;]jf cfof]usf] u7g ul/g'k5{ eGg] dfu g]/flz;+n] cfkm\gf] :yfkgfsfn @)#^ b]lv g} eGb} cfPsf] xf] . t/ o;f] x'g ;s]g . xfn ;/sf/n] u7g u/]sf], ;/sf/n] k"0f{ lgoGq0f ug{ ;Sg] lg/Lx /fli6«o lzIfs ;]jf cfof]usf] u7g ePsf] 5 . cfof]u u7g ugf{;fy o;sf] sfdaf/] cg]sf}+ z+sf–pkz+sf hlGdP . of] cfof]usf] u7g ;fy} ljutsf] 5gf}6 ;ldltn] u/]sf] sfdnfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbg]u/L cfkm\gf] ljj]s k|of]u ug{ gkfpg] u/L sfo{If]q tf]lsof] . ;f]xLcg';f/ cfof]un] df3 $ ut]b]lv If]qLo :t/df cGtjf{tf{sf] sfo{ ;DkGg ug]{ 3f]if0ff u¥of] . pQm k"j{5gf}6 ;ldltn] dflj÷lgdflj txdf &^^) l/Qm kbdf #!,@&( k/LIffyL{nfO{ cGtjf{tf{sf] nflu 5gf}6 u/]sf] 5 . ;a} lhNnfsf nflu cfjZos kg]{ !@ xhf/ kbsf] nflu sl/a ! nfv pDd]bjf/sf] 5gf}6 k|flj :t/df ul/Psf] 5 . ljjflbt 5gf}6 ;ldltn] () k|ltzt sfd l;WofO;s]sf] cj:yfdf xfnsf] /fli6«o lzIfs ;]jf cfof]un] s] lgikIf 5gf}6 ug{ ;Snf < kf; ug'{kg]{ pDd]bjf/nfO{ k"j{5gf}6 ;ldltn] cfjZos c+s lbO;s]sf] 5 . wf“wnLsf k|z:t pbfx/0f x'"bfx'"b} lg/Lx cfof]un] lsg of] lg0f{o u¥of] < ;/sf/L x:tIf]ksf] k|df0f o;}nfO{ dfGg ;lsG5 .

xfd|f cufl8 wf“wnLsf k|z:t k|df0fx¿ 5g\ . /ftf/ft lzIff lgodfjnL ;+zf]wg u/L #% c+s Nofpg] ;a} k/LIffyL{nfO{ cGtjf{tf{sf] nflu 5gf}6 ug'{sf] cfzo s] xf] < cfjZos ;+VofeGbf @) k|ltzt a9L k/LIffyL{nfO{ dfq 5gf}6 ul/g'kg]{df #% c+ssf] k|fjwfg lsg /flvof] < lgot k|i6 5 . km]l/ Ps lgodcg';f/ lj1fkg / k/LIff lng] csf]{ lgodcg';f/ 5gf}6 ug]{ sf/0f s] xf] < :d/0f /xf];\, lagf /fhgLlts k"jf{u|x lzIfs lgo'lQm ug'{k5{ egL lhls/ ug]{ tTsfnLg lzIff ;lrjnfO{ ;¿jf u/L lzIff lgodfjnLdf kl/jt{g ul/of] . o; ;DaGwdf tTsfnLg lzIff ;lrj v]d/fh /]UdLn] Pp6f ;fKtflxsdf ldlt )%^ ;fpg !) ut] lbg'ePsf] cGtjf{tf{df eGg'eP cg';f/ …/fhgLlts k"jf{u|x /fVg]df ;a}eGbf a9L uf]ljGb/fh hf]zL kg'{ x'G5 . /]UdLsf cg';f/ hf]zL >L # dxf/fh rGb|zdz]/ g} x'g'kg]{ dfG5] xf] . Tolta]nf s'/f gldn]sf] sf/0f cfh;Dd l/hN6 lgSn]sf] 5}g . lzIfs eg]sf] o:tf] dflg; xf], hf] Psk6s hflu/df lgo'lQm eO;s]kl5 t];|f] k':tfsf] eljio lgdf{0f ug{ ;S5 eGb} lzIfssf] l/hN6 lgsfNbf lg/k]If aGg'k5{, jfb / /fhgLltnfO{ k5\ofpg' x'"b}g eGg] s'/f d}n] /fv]+ . sDo'lg:6 eP klg @ u'0ff % eGb}g $ g} x'G5 eg]/ k7fp“5 eg]/ d}n] eg] / kl5 l/hN6 /f]lsg uof] . /fhgLlts :jfy{ k"/f gePkl5 pxf“n] dnfO{ ;¿jf ug'{eof] . ;+;f/df g} gePsf] Pp6f sfg'gn] k/LIff lng] csf]{ sfg'gn] l/hN6 lgsfNg] sfd g]kfndf ePsf] 5 . pQm egfO wf“wnLsf] Ps alnof] k|df0f xf] .

@)%# kmfu'g #) df ;/sf/sf] km]/abn eof] . :yfgLo lgjf{rgsf] sf/0f b]vfO{ ;/sf/n] k/LIFf;DaGwL ;a} sfd :ylut ug]{ lg0f{o u¥of] . )%$ j}zfvdf 5gf}6 ;ldltsf] km]/abn eof] . pQm ;ldltnfO{ k"j{ ;ldltsf] sfdsf] l;+xfjnf]sg ug]{ lhDdf lbOof] . )%$ ebf} !@ df ;/sf/n] hf“ra'em cfof]ucGtu{t lzIfs 5gf}6 cfof]u u7g u¥of] . ;f] cfof]unfO{ @)%# ;fndf lnPsf] k/LIffdf s]–s:tf q'l6 5g\ < s;sf] ablgotaf6 of] sfd eof] < ablgot ug]{nfO{ s]–s:tf] sf/jfxL ug'{k5{ < s;/L lzIfs 5gf}6sf] sf/jfxL cufl8 a9fpg'k5{ < cflb 7x/;lxt k|ltk]bg k]z ug{ ;jf]{Rr cbfntsf e"k" GofofwLz dx]Zj/eQm dfy]df, k|f= ljb'/ pkfWofo, clwjQmf gGbs'df/ yfkf /x]sf] cfof]unfO{ lhDdf nufOof] . pQm cfof]un] cfkm\gf] sfo{ ;Dkfbg u/L k|ltj]bg k]z u/]sf] lyof] . t/ ;/sf/n] ;f];DaGwL s'g} klg hfgsf/L k|sfzdf NofPsf] 5}g .

@)%$ kmfu'gdf af“sL sfd ;DkGg ug]]{ u/L ;"rgf k|sfzg eO{ s]xL lhNnfdf cGtjf{tf{;d]t ;'¿ eof], t/ s]xL lbgdf g} ;/sf/n] k'gM sfd :ylut u¥of] . ;+;b\sf] rf}yf] clwj]zgdf @)%% sf] lzIff P]g 5}7f}+ ;+zf]wg u/L o;eGbf cl3 5gf}6 ;ldltn] eP÷u/]sf] sfdsf/jfxLx¿ cfof]uaf6 eP÷u/]sf] dflgg] u/L pQm 5gf}6 ;ldltsf] ;§fdf …/fli6«o lzIfs ;]jf cfof]uÚ u7g ug]{ Joj:yf ul/of] . wf“wnLsf] cg]sf}+ k|df0f x'"bfx'"b} of] lg0f{o ug'{n] ablgot k'li6 ug{ yk 6]jf ldn]sf] 5 .

lnlvtsf] glthfkl5 k'gof]{usf] k|fjwfg /flvof], h;cg';f/ klZrdf~rn ljsf; If]qdf dfq} k'gof]{usf] b/vf:t lbg] @* hgf lgj]bsdWo] !* hgfnfO{ pQL0f{ ul/of] . ljZj:t ;"qsf cg';f/ 5fglagsf] l;nl;nfdf pQ/ k'l:tsf k/LIf0f eO;s]kl5 s]/d]6 u/]/ #)÷#% c+s;Dd yk u/]sf] kfOof] . sltko 7fp“df j:t'ut k|Zg g} kl/jt{g ePsf], s]xL pQ/ k'l:tsfx¿ 5gf}6 u/L 5'§} kf]sf agfO{ k/LIf0f u/fPsf], s'g} pQ/ k'l:tsfdf sf]8 g+= g} gnufO{ dGqfnodf pQ/ k'l:tsf dufOPsf] / sxL"–sxL" sf]8 g+= g} lzIffdGqLnfO{ a'emfpg' eGg] bafj lbPsf] kfOof] .

o;} ;DaGwdf clVtof/ b'¿kof]u lgjf/0f cfof]un] cGtjf{tf{sf] sfd cl3 ga9fpg /f]s nufof] . b'O{ lbgkl5 cGtjf{tf{ lng] t/ glthf k|sfzg gug]{ pQm cfof]un] bf];|f] lg0f{o u¥of] . :ki6 5, ;/sf/n] pQm cfof]unfO{ ;d]t x:tIf]k u/]sf] 5 . glthf glgsfNg] t/ cGtjf{tf{ lng] of] s:tf] lg0f{o xf] < kl5 clVtof/n] 5fglag u/L clgoldttf ePsf] k|i6 kf¥of] eg] cGtjf{tf{ ln+bf ePsf] Iflt Joxf]g]{ s;n] xf] < ;fy} utdf3 $ ut]b]lv ;~rflnt cGtjf{tf{sf ;dodf cfof]usf] sfof{no sn+sLdf hf“bf cGtjf{tf{ lbg cfpg] lzIfsx¿ lgj]bg n]Vb} /x]sf] kfOof] . cGtjf{tf{sf] ;dodf lgj]bg kmf/d e/fpg'n] klg wf“wnLsf] ;+s]t ldN5 .

;d:of rsf]{ 5 . ;dfwfgsf pkfo klg 5g\ . @)%^.$.@& ut]sf] ;/sf/sf] lg0f{ocg';f/ @)%^ c;f/ d;fGt;Dd Ps z}lIfs ;q k"/f u/]sf c:yfoL / ;§f lzIfsnfO{ :yfoL ug]{ lg0f{ocg';f/ ;a} lzIfsnfO{ :yfoL ug'{ hfoh / plrt ;dfwfg xf] . ljleGg txdf u/L !(,^^) lzIfs 5gf}6 ug{ Ps nfv PstL; xhf/ b'O{ ;o pgf;L k/LIFfyL{ cGtjf{tf{ lb+b}5g\ . oqf] 7"nf] ;+Vofdf x'g uPsf] cGtjf{tf{n] ;xL lzIfssf] 5gf}6 x'g ;Sb}g . t;y{ cGtjf{tf{ glnO{ cfof]un] gfd lgsfn]sf pDd]bjf/x¿sf] k'gM k/LIff lng] / cfjZos ;+VofeGbf @) k|ltzt yk pDd]bjf/sf] gfd cGtjf{tf{sf] nflu 5gf}6 ug]{ ;dfwfgsf] pkfo aGg ;S5 . t];|f] ljsNk b/vf:t lbg] ;a} k/LIffyL{sf] lnlvt k/LIff k'gM lnO{ @) k|ltzt yk pDd]bjf/sf] gfd cGtjf{tf{sf] nflu 5gf}6 ug{ ;lsG5 . o;sf] nflu k"j{5gf}6 ;ldltn] eP÷u/]sf ;Dk"0f{ sfo{ /2 ug'{kg]{ x'G5 . t/ xfnsf] Psdfq ljsNk ;/sf/n] @)%^.$.@& sf] lg0f{onfO{ sfof{Gjog ug'{ xf] .

b'Mvsi6 Joxf]/L cGtjf{tf{df ;fd]n x'g] lzIfsx¿n] s] a'‰g cfjZos 5 eg] of]Uotfsf] cfwf/df lzIfs 5gf}6 x'"b} x'"b}g . () k|ltzt sfd k"j{5gf}6 ;ldltn] ul/;s]sf] 5 . lg0f{o of] !) k|ltztsf] cGtjf{tf{af6 x'"b}g . cGtjf{tf{ t Ps gf6sdfq} xf] .

hf]ufcf}+ ;+:s[lt

c?0ff pk|]tL

…dlxnf ePsf] gftfn] tkfO{+nfO{ ;+;f/df ;aeGbf dgkg]{ b]z s'g xf]Ú eg]/ ;f]Wof] eg] d]/f] d'vaf6 :jtM lg:sG5 ckmuflg:tfg . tkfO{+ crDd dfGg'xf]nf tflnjfgsf] b]z, To:tf] ¿vf];'vf] sf]xL cfpghfg gkfpg] b]z klg s] dgkg]{ † xf] tflnjfgsf] b]z ePs}n] dgk/]sf] xf] . ljz]if u/L tflnjfgn] h;/L dlxnfx¿nfO{ ;'/Iff, dfg, OHht lbPsf 5g\ . wd{sf kf7 k9fPsf 5g\ . Tof] ;+;f/df sd} b]zdf ePsf] 5 . Toxf“ dlxnfnfO{ slt cfgGb 5 x]g'{;\ t . g :s"ndf uP/ cIf/ k9\g] emGem6 ug'{kg]{, g t kl5 sdfP/ vfg'kg]{ kL/ . ;a} nf]Ug]dflg;n] sdfP/ Nofp“5g\ . a;L–a;L pk/v'§L nufof], vfof] . Sof df]h † kL/ gePsfn], b'Mv ug'{ gk/]sfn] Toxf“sf dlxnfx¿ la/fdL x'"b}gg\ . To;}n] pgLx¿sf] nflu c:ktfn klg grflxg] ePsfn] c:ktfn aGb ul/Psf 5g\ . :qL/f]u c:ktfn aGb ul/Pkl5 dlxnf 8fS6/ lsg rflxof] < pgLx¿nfO{ klg 3/ a;L–a;L cf/fd u/, vfp eg]/ ;/sf/n] ljbf lbPsf] 5 . o;n] ubf{ :jf:Yodf vr{ x'g] wg klg hf]luPsf] 5 . /fli6«o art a9\g uPsf] 5 . pgLx¿sf] wd{n] dlxnfnfO{ o;/L ;'/Iff lbP/ cf/fd ug]{ df}sf lbP/ cToGt} dxŒjk"0f{ pknlAw u/]sf] 5 . oxf“ x'g t xfd|f] b]z g]kfndf klg wd{n] / ;+ljwfgn] dlxnfx¿nfO{ o:tf] /fd|f];“u /fv]sf] 5 ls ;a} g]kfnL dlxnfx¿ cToGt v'zL, :j:y, cf/fdbfoL cj:yfdf 5g\ . wd{n] eg]sf] klg 5 .

…9f]n u"jf/ z'4 kz' gf/L
ox ;a tf8gs] clwsf/L .Ú

o;/L dlxnfx¿nfO{ lkl6g] clwsf/ lbPsf] 5 . of] clwsf/sf] dlxnfx¿n] cToGt ;'Gb/ pkof]u klg u/]sf 5g\ . s'g}–s'g} nf]Ug]dfG5]x¿n] rflx" dlxnfx¿sf] lkl6g] clwsf/af6 jl~rt /fv]sf 5g\ . o;af6 tL dlxnfx¿ Hofb} b'MvL 5g\ . o:tf dlxnfx¿ ldn]/ cbfntdf rf“8} g} …xfd|f] lk6fO vfg] clwsf/ kfp“Ú eg]/ d'2f xfNg]jfnf 5g\ . dnfO{ k"0f{ljZjf; 5 ls cbfnt ;w}+em}+ wd{, xfd|f] ;+:sf/sf] / lxGb" wd{sf] dfGotfsf] kfngf ub}{ ljj]sk"0f{ 9+un] eGg]5– …dlxnfx¿ k|tfl8t gx'"bf xfd|f] b]zsf] ;fdflhs ;+/rgf lau|g hfg] / kfl/jfl/s dof{bf e+u x'g ;Sg] ;Defjgf ePsfn] ;Dk"0f{ g]kfnL dlxnfx¿nfO{ xftv'§f / n7\7Ln] 3/kl/jf/sf ;b:ox¿n] k|tfl8t ug'{, xftv'§f rnfpg sl7gfO eO{ n7\7L / ;fª\nf] k|of]u ubf{ klg plrt g} x'g]5 .Ú t/ oxf“ Pp6f 8/ s] nfu]sf] 5 eg] cbfntn] o:tf] ;'Gb/ lg0f{o lb+bf klg xfd|f] ;f+;b\Ho"x¿n] km]l/ sfg'g agfpg] st} l9nf] ul/lbg'x'g] xf] ls < st} dlxnfx¿nfO{ lk6\bf 7fp“–s'7fp“ nfu]/ 3/ ;kmf ug]{, n'uf w'g], eft ksfpg] wGbf Ps}l5gsf] nflu eP klg c8\lsg] xf] ls eGg] eon] o:tf] sfg'g agfpg] ufx|f] dfGg'xf]nf lg . t/ d dlxnf ePs} gftfn] ;f+;b\Ho"x¿nfO{ gd| lgj]bg s] ug{ rfxG5' ls tkfO{+x¿n] dlxnfnfO{ 7fp“–s'7fp“ nfUnf / tkfO{+sf] 3/fo;L sfd xflg xf]nf eGg] s'/f lrGtf g} glng' eP klg x'G5 . lsgeg] tkfO{+nfO{ ;d:of gk/f];\ eg]/ pgLx¿n] tkfO{+af6 lk6fO vfg'cl3 g} tkfO{+sf nflu bfneft ksfP/, n'uf wf]P/ /flvlbg' x'g]5 . km]l/ cln–cln rf]6 nfUb}df la/fdL eOxfNg] t g]kfnL dlxnfx¿ g} 5}gg\ lg . dlxnfx¿ w]/} sd la/fdL x'G5g\ eGg] t xfd|f ljleGg tYof+sx¿n] b]vfOxfn]sf 5g\ . c:ktfn, :jf:Yorf}sL, gl;{ªxf]d cflb 7fp“df tkfO{+n] la/fdLx¿df k'¿if g} a9L b]Vg'x'G5 . dlxnfx¿ t lg/f]uL eP/ cfgGb;“u sfd u5{g\ .

To;}u/L ckmuflg:tfgdf em}+ xfd|f] dlxnfx¿nfO{ :s"n gk7fpgsf] nflu sfo{qmd agfpg'k5{ . lsgeg] cIf/ lrGg] / a'‰g] ePkl5 dlxnfx¿sf] lbdfudf sL/fx¿ ;Nanfpg yfN5g\ . o:tf sL/fx¿n] klZrdL ;dfhsf] cg}lts d"No / dfGotfx¿ k|ltkflbt u5{g\ . o:tf sL/fn] xfd|f gf/Lsf ;'Gb/, ;'sf]dn kfl/jfl/s efjgf, Tofu / tk:ofsf k|lte"lt cfTdalnbfg ug{ ;Sg] dlxnfx¿sf] zlQmdf Jojwfg k'¥ofp“5 . xfd|f dlxnfx¿ t ;Ltfem}+ af/Daf/ clUgk/LIff lbg rfxg], ufGwf/Lem}+ nf]Ug] cGwf] eP cGwL x'g], n+u8f] eP n+u8L x'g], nf6f] eP nf6L x'g], n'nf] eP n'nL x'g] / nf]Ug] d/] ;tL g} x'g] ;+:sf/ sfod /fVg rfxG5g\ . emg\ kl5Nnf] ;dodf t lxGb" wd{nfO{ xfdL ;a} ldn]/ arfpg'kg]{ cleofgdf nfUg'kg]{ ljrf/n] dlxnfx¿n] …;tL wd{sf] clwsf/ kfpg'k5{Ú eGg] gf/f klg nufp“b}5g\ . ;'lg+b}5, gf/L wd{ / dlxnf clwsf/nfO{ pRrtd :yfgdf k'¥ofpg …;tL k|yf sfod ul/kfp“Ú egL b]zJofkL cleofg rnfpg] / cbfntdf ;tL k|yf axfnLsf] nflu l/6 lgj]bg lbOg]5 . olb ;tL k|yfn] o'u df}nfof] eg] lxGb" wd{n] cfkm\gf] lz/ 7f8f] ug]{ Pp6f ;'j0f{ df}sf kfpg]5 . o;n] s] b]vfpg]5 eg] lxGb" wd{n] h:tf] ;fdflhs ;+:sf/ / gf/Lsf] dfgdof{bf kfng u/fpg] wd{ cGo s'g} b]zdf 5}g . o;n] dlxnfx¿nfO{ slxn] PSn} kfb}{g . lsgeg] lxGb" wd{nfO{ yfxf 5 ls dlxnfx¿ canf x'g\ . pgLx¿ PSn} a:bf 8/fp“5g\ . hLjge/ s;}sf] ;+/If0fdf a:g'k5{ . To;}n] ;+/If0f ug]{ dfG5] ePg eg] pgLx¿sf] hLjg Joy{ 5 . To;}n] nf]Ug] dbf{ ;“u} hn] eg] Tof] pgLx¿sf] nflu pQd x'g]5 . o;n] ubf{ k[YjLdf klg pgLx¿sf] hLjg ;'lw|g]5, pgLx¿ :ju{df klg cfkm\gf klt b]jtfsf ;]jf ug]{ df}sf kfpg]5g\ . ;]jf ug{ rfxg] / ;]jf g} hLjgsf] d'Vo wd{ dfGg] xfd|f] g]kfnL gf/Lx¿ ;+;f/df ;a}eGbf ;'vL 5g\ . v'zL 5g\ . t/ cfhsfn xfd|f dlxnfx¿sf] ;'Gb/ hLjgdf cfuf] nufpg] sfd s]xL jlsNgL–kmlsNgLx¿n] ul//x]sf 5g\ .

o:tf jlsNgLx¿ t c/fli6«o tŒj eg]/ 3f]if0ff u/]/ s8f ;] s8f ;hfo lbnfpg'k5{ . tL jlsNgLx¿nfO{ xfdL ;a} ldn]/ ckmuflg:tfgsf] …6'/Ú ug{ k7fpg'k5{ TFfls ltgn] cfkm\g} cf“vfn] b]v'g\ ls dlxnfx¿n] cIf/ glrGbf, 3/df cf/fd u/]/ a:bf, lk6fO vf“bf b]zdf slt zflGt / cdgr}g sfod x'G5 . o;n] ubf{ b]z ljsf;sf] sfd /s]6sf] ultn] a9\g]5 . dnfO{ kSsf ljZjf; 5 ls of] 6'/n] xfd|f] jlsNgLx¿sf] cf“vf vf]Ng]5 / pgLx¿n] /fd|f]–/fd|f] ljrf/ / efjgf k}bf ug]{5g\ . Tof] ljrf/ / efjgf eg]sf] t dlxnfx¿nfO{ klRr;L cIf/, klZrdL 1fgsf] sL/faf6 6f9f /fVg' xf] . o;n] ubf{ xfd|f dlxnfx¿ hlxn] klg kljq, lgisn+s /xg]5g\ / kl/jf/nfO{ :ju{ agfpg] ul//x]sf sfdnfO{ emg\ a9L lk6fO vfP/ /fd|f] kfg]{5g\ .

To;}n] ;s];Dd wd{n] eg]cg';f/ dlxnfx¿sf] lk6fO vfg] clwsf/sf] /Iff ug]{ sfg'g kf; ug{tkm{ dlxnf–k'¿if Ps eP/ sf“wdf sf“w ldnfP/ nfUg'k5{ / cfzf 5 ls ;Dk"0f{ kqklqsf, /]l8of], ;~rf/ dfWodn] o;df ;xof]u ug'{ x'g]5 . o;f] ePdf b]z ljsf;df 7"nf] ;3fp k'Ug]5 .

/flugLsf] dg /fhgLltdfly /fhgLlt ug]{x¿sf] dg <

otf aa/dxn l/lelh6]8df jl/i7 snfsf/ /flugL pkfWofosf] snf k|bz{gLdf …r]g ckm s/K;gÚ cyf{t\ e|i6frf/sf] dfv];fª\nf] k|bz{g eO/x]sf] 5 . ptf afn'jf6f/df k|wfgdGqL lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnf ToxL dfv];fª\nf]df k/]/ 56k6fp“b} x'g'x'G5 . ;a} ljkIfLx¿n] ;+;bdf Ps}d'v nfu]/ e|i6frf/df pxf“sf] ;+nUgtfsf] cfz+sf ub}{ kbaf6 /fhLgfdf dflu/x]sf 5g\ . ljkIfLx¿ pxf“nfO{ P:6]«8f agfpg tDtof/ 5g\ . km]l/ klg pxf“ efif0f ul//xg'ePsf] 5, e|i6frf/ t cb[Zo zq' kf] /x]5 . ToxL cb[Zo zq'n] sf]O/fnfnfO{ cK7\of/f] kfl//x]sf] 5 . pxf“ cb[Zo eGg'x'G5 . snfsf/sf l;h{gfdf klg ToxL e|i6frf/sf] lrq0f x'g yfn]sf] 5 . lrofk;n, rf}tf/L / 3/3/df To;}sf] rrf{ x'g yfn]sf] 5 . o:tf] l:yltdf s;/L eGg] of] cb[Zo zq' xf] eg]/ <

…kvfnfÚ n] ;':t kf/]sf] lgx'"df 8f= /fdz/0f dxtn] kb tyf uf]kgLotfsf] ;ky glnOlb+bf k|wfgdGqL lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnfåf/f k'gul7{t dlGqd08nn] k"0f{tf kfpg ;s]g . xfd|f k|wfgdGqL e|i6frf/sf cb[Zo ls6f0f'lj?4 n8\g] k|lt/f]w Ifdtfsf] ljsf; u/fpg cfx\jfg ub}{ lx+8\g'x'G5 .

t/, pxf“s} gjlgo'Qm dGqLnfO{ kvfnfsf cb[Zo dl;gf ls6f0f'n] kbef/ u|x0f ug{ cj/f]w pkGg u/] . e|i6frf/sf ls6f0f'n] eg] /f]uLnfO{ emg\ zlQmzfnL agfp“5 . h:t} g;lsg] sfdsf nflu klg ;Ifd agfp“5 . dl;gf hLjf0f'af6 x'g] /f]un] klg slxn]sfxL+ /fd|f] ug]{/x]5 . 8f= dxtnfO{ nfu]sf] kvfnfsf] k'i6L ub}{ k|wfgdGqLn] u[xgu/ lj/f6gu/df efif0f g} ug'{k¥of], …/fdz/0fnfO{ ;f“Rr} kvfnf nfu]sf] /x]5 . pgL dsxf“ cfPkl5 g} tLgk6s ;f}rfno uP .Ú

k|wfgdGqL zlQmzfnL x'g] /fhgLlts k|0ffnLnfO{ cjnDag u/] klg sf]O/fnf slt;Dd lg/Lx x'g'x'G5 eg] ;ky u|x0f ulb{g eg]/ wDSofpg] dGqLx¿k|lt s7f]/ x'g ;Sg'x'Gg . a? pgLx¿nfO{ nfu]sf] kvfnfsf] ;xf/f lnP/ ;fj{hlgs :yndf efif0f g} ug'{k5{ . gjlgo'Qm dGqLn] cfkm"nfO{ ckdflgt u/]sf] xf]Og eGg] b]vfpg kvfnfsf] ;xf/f lng}kg]{ x'G5 . cfkm}nfO{ ;Qfaf6 x6fpg kxn ug]{ v'daxfb'/ v8\sfh:tfnfO{ pxf“ k6s–k6s dGqL kb lbg afWo x'g'x'G5 . cfºgf eg]hlt ;fyLx¿n] dGqL gkfPkl5 b+Uofp“b} ;ky gubf{ klg k|wfgdGqLn] r'krfk ;xg'k5{ . ckdfgsf 3'6\sf lkpg'k5{ . s7}a/f, k|hftGqkl5 hgtfsf] 5f]/fn] kfpg] ;jf]{Rr kbdf ;a}eGbf a9L ;do / k6s k'u]sf lul/hfk|;fb slt sdhf]/ x'g'eP5 . o:tf sdhf]/ k|wfgdGqLn] s;/L b]zsf] efUo/]vf sf]g'{xf]nf <

sDLtdf 8f= dxtn] ;ky vfP/ cfkm"nfO{ ;f“lRrs} kvfnf nfu]sf] k'i6L ug'{ePsf] 5 . cfºgf k|wfgdGqLsf] OHht hf]ufOlbg'ePsf] 5 . kfN6]g u'?ªn] laxfg ;ky gvfg] jQmJo lbP/ klg a]n'sf ;ky lnO{ hgtfnfO{ j]js"km agfpg] /fd|} cEof; u/]/} eP klg k|wfgdGqLsf] OHht wfg]sf]df pxf“nfO{ awfO † t/, olt w]/} d"No dfGotfsf] lj36g eO/x]sf] a]nfdf :6«]r/df r9]/ eP klg ;ky vfg'kg]{df 8f= dxtn] …kvfnfÚ nfO{ lgx'" kf/]/ ;ky gvfg'rflx+ plrt ePg . kb kfp“bf cfo{3f6df k'u]kl5 t Ao'"emg] k|j[lQ kmi6fO/x]sf a]nfdf 8f= dxtsf] gfslgsnfO{ vf]O s;/L lng] xf] <

oL ;a}sf k5fl8 km]l/ klg k|wfgdGqLh:tf] ;Ddflgt kbsf] d"No lj36gnfO{ g} sf/s dfGg'kg]{x'G5 . k|wfgdGqLsf] e|i6frf/ cb[Zo zlQm /x]5 eGg] efif0fk|lt Jo+Uo ub}{ k|d'v ljkIfL g]tf dfwjs'df/ g]kfnn] ;+;bd} eGg' ePsf] 5, …e|i6frf/ b[Zo zq' xf] . o;nfO{ b[Zo zq' eg]sf] v08df cfkm}nfO{ b]lvg] ePkl5 cb[Zo eg]/ k|wfgdGqL efif0f ub}{ x'g'x'G5 .Ú o:tf] a]nfdf k|wfgdGqL sf]O/fnfn] k|ltjfb ug{ ;Sg] l:ylt g} ;+;bdf /x]g . e|i6frf/sf] d'2fdf ljkIfLnfO{ ;3fpg cfºg} kf6L{sf ;+:yfks g]tf s[i0fk|;fb e§/fO{n] jrg lbO;Sg'ePsf] 5 . sf]O/fnfnfO{ sdhf]/ kfg]{ tTj e|i6frf/ g} xf] . @)$* ;fnsf zlQmzfnL lul/hfk|;fb clxn] olt sdhf]/ x'g'ePsf] 5 ls h;n] xNnfP klg xlNng'x'G5 .

pxf“ e|i6frf/df g/fd|f];“u h]lng'ePsf] 5 . t}klg e|i6frf/ eg]sf] cb[Zo zq' /x]5 eGg] efif0f ug'{x'G5 . e|i6frf/ slt w]/} b[Zo zlQm xf] eGg] yfxf kfpg Ps k6s k|wfgdGqL sf]O/fnfn] /flugL pkfWofosf] snf k|bz{gL x]g{}kg]{ ePsf] 5 . b]z s;/L h]lnPsf] 5 e|i6frf/¿kL dxfzq'af6 . /flugL cfkm}nfO{ klg /fd|f] nfu]sf] of] s[lt Go"of]s{l:yt ljZj a}+ssf] d'Vo sfof{nodf klg k'lu;s]sf] 5 . ljZj a}+ssf sf7df8f}+l:yt k|d'v xfG; ?yga'n/n] g]kfnsf] of] ;xL t:jL/nfO{ Toxf“ pkxf/sf ?kdf k'¥ofpg'ePsf] xf] .

/flugLsf] ofqfdf w]/} s'/fsf] ;+of]u 5 . /fhgLlts Do"lhsn r]o/ klg 5 . 5÷5 dlxgfdf kl/jt{g eO/xg] ;/sf/sf k|j[lQdfly k|xf/ 5 . Do"lhsn r]o/ lhTg Tolt ufx|f] 5}g . clnsltdfq} …lrl6ªÚ ug{ ;s] k'U5 . ;a}eGbf cfsif{s t …;'"u'/sf] d'vdf :ofpÚ g} 5 . :ofpn] OdfGbf/Lsf] k|ltlglwTj u5{ . g]tfx¿ e|i6frf/ lgof]hgsf] efif0f u5{g\ . t/, Tof] Pp6f gf6safx]s s]xL xf]Og . ;'"u'/n] OdfGbf/Ltfsf] k|tLs :ofpsf] ;§fdf s] dg k/fp“5 Tof] oxf“ elg/xg' kb}{g . /flugLsf] pQm ;'"u'/sf] 6fpsf]df s]xL lbgcl3 6f]kL lyPg . xfn} Pshgf cd]l/sL ldqsf] cfu|xdf To;nfO{ ;fgf] g]kfnL 6f]kL klg nufOPsf] 5 . :jb]zLx¿n] dfq xf]Og ljb]zLn] ;d]t yfxf kfpg] u/L gvfg'kg]{ s'/f vfO/x]sf 5g\ g]tfx¿ . To;}n] t ;'"u'/h:t} df]6fPsf 5g\ cfwf kz' / cfwf dflg;sf] hLjg lnP/ .

To;}n], afn'jf6f/df dfv];fª\nf]df h]lnPsf k|wfgdGqL lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnf / pxf“sf /fhLlts ldq / ljkIfL ;a}nfO{ pgLx¿s} ;SsnL cg'xf/ x]g{ /flugLsf] v'nf lgDtf 5, …Ps k6s cjZo of] k|bz{gL x]g{ kfNg'xf]nf .Ú x]g'{kg]{n] g} x]l/lbPkl5 aNn k|bz{gLsf] ;fy{stf emlNsG5 lg .

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df3] ;+qmflGt 6'Kn'Ss cfOk'Ubf– P uf“7\7], lqj]0fL d]nf eg{ k"j{lt/ nfu] t /dfOn} xf]nf lg eGg] nfUof] . /fhwfgLsf] hf8f] 5f]8]/ /flqa;df pbok'/sf] s6f/L hfg] lg0f{o ul/of] . ofqf gf}nf] lyPg, 3/} cf]vn9'+uf, sDtLdf klg jif{sf] b'O{–rf/rf]l6 cfphfp eO/xG5 .

cfkm\gf] eg] uf8Ldf r9\g]lalQs} km':; lgbfpg'kg]{ afgL kQ} ePg . s'l/G6f/df ;f“emsf] vfgfkl5 rsf]{ cfjfhdf uLt ahfOgfn] lgb|fn] 7fp“ 5f8\of] . af6fel/ lqj]0fL d]nfsf] ;Demgfn] ;tfO/x\of] . ulx/f] dggsf ;fy d ca l;Gw'nL sdnfdfO{df nfUg] lqj]0fL d]nf e5'{ . clg s6f/Laf6 dxfef/t kj{t >[ª\vnf gf3\b} ;'gsf]zL / b"wsf]zLsf] ;+ud:ynsf] d]nf klg Eofp“5' / b"wsf]zL u8lt/} lt/ uP/ /Da'jf d]nf k'U5' eGg] lg0f{odf k'u]+ . / o;} ljifodf s]xL n]Vg] k|of; u/]sf] 5' .

l;Gw'nL / pbok'/ lhNnfsf l;dfgf sdnf dfO{, tfjf>L / ss'/7fs'/sf] ;+ud :yndf nfUg] d}gL -lqj]0fL_ ahf/ g} ;a}eGbf 7"nf] xf] . k/fk"j{sfnb]lv g} x/]s jif{ k'; @% b]lv df3 kGw|;Dd d]nf nfUg] u5{ . oxf“ ;f]n'v'Da', cf]vn9'+uf, vf]6fª, l;Gw'nL, pbok'/ ;fy} t/fO{sf lhNnfx¿nufot ef/tsf] ljleGg efuaf6 >4fn' eQmhgx¿sf] cfudg x'g]ub{5 . klxn]–klxn] ;f]n'af6 3f]8f, ef]6] s's'/, /f8LkfvL, h8La'6Lnufotsf Jofkf/sf ;fdfgx¿ Nofpg] ub{y] . d]nf au/sf] kfl/kl§ l;Gw'nLsf] lhtk'/df ;f]n'v'Da'af6 a]Rg NofOPsf 3f]8f bf}8 k|ltof]lutf x'GYof] . abdf; hVv' 3f]8fnfO{ tx nufpg ;Sg]sf] gfd axfb'/ g} sxlnGYof] .  d]nfdf s/f]8f}+sf] h'jftf;n] slQsf] 3/af/ p8\Yof] .

laxfg s6f/L gk'Ub} lqj]0fL glhs vf]S;fdf k'u]/ cf]ln{of}+ . k|ftsfnLg u+uf:gfg ug]{x¿sf] eL8 dgUu] lyof] . aln r9fpg]x¿sf] rxnkxn klg b]lvGYof] . l;g]df xnsf] dfOsn] bz{s af]nfO/x]sf] lyof] . Jofkf/Lx¿sf] k|z:tdfqfdf ;fdfgx¿ c:yfoL 6x/f]df s'l//x]sf b]lvGy] .

s'/f] a'em\bf klxn]sf 3f]8f, s's'/, /f8LkfvL cflb OToflb Nofpg] n]sfnL Jofkf/Lx¿ cfpg} 5fl8;s] 5g\ . ;fob ca t ;f]n'v'Da'sf] ta]nfx¿df 3f]8fsf ;+Vof 36] xf]nfg\ . s's'/ dfl;P xf]nfg\ . clg cGo /f8LkfvL rf}+/Lsf b"waf6 aGg] vfBfGgx¿ 8n/df ;fl6+b} xf]nfg\ . g]kfnL ahf/ lj:yflkt u/]/ cGt/f{li6o ahf/ rDsfO/x]sf xf]nfg\ . 

ljut kf“r jif{b]lv dfcf]jfbL ultljlwsf] k|efjn] ca t d]nfdf >4fn'x¿sf] ;+Vof;d]t 36]sf] s'/f :yfgLo JolQmx¿ atfp“y] . o;f] t h'jftf;, rf]/x¿sf] ljuljuL, x'nx'Hh ug]{x¿sf] rsrsL klg 36]sf] 5 .

d clxn] s6f/L ahf/af6 psfln+b} 5' . ;f]n', cf]vn9'+uf, vf]6fªsf nflu s6f/L ahf/ vfBfGg, nQfsk8f, ef“8fs'8f cflbsf lglDt plxNo}b]lvsf] s]Gb|ljGb' xf] . clxn] s6f/L–cf]vn9'+uf ;8s ag]kl5 $& lsnf]ld6/ ;'\gsf]zL jfl/k§;Dd ;fj{hlgs uf8L v'nf ul/Psf] 5 . klxn]sf] h:tf] s6f/Lb]lv g"g, rfdn, dl§t]n cflb–cflb 8f]sf]df af]s]/ ;';]Nb} v]Kg' -af]Sg'_ kb}{g . t/} klg gfgLb]lv nfu]sf] afgL 5f8\g g;s]/ :yfgLo JolQmx¿ b]z klg x]g]{ d'v klg km]g]{ lx;fan] 9fs/ af]s]/ sRrL ;8ssf] w"nf] lkp“b} psfnL–cf]/fnL ul//x]sf e]l6G5g\ .

dxfef/t kj{t gf3]kl5 cSs/sf] af6f] eP/ l56f] k'lug] ;'gsf]zL / b"wsf]zLsf] ;+ud:yn hf]tL{3f6 xf] . of] ;d'b|L ;txb]lv $ ;o () ld6/sf] prfOdf cjl:yt 5 . hf]tL{3f6 k"j{df vf]6fª, pQ/df cf]vn9'+uf clg blIf0f–klZrddf pbok'/ lhNnfsf] ;Ldf:yn klg xf] . hf]tL{sf] 7Ls klZrdkl§ /x]sf] y'Dsf]nfO{ g]kfn]eGHofª eGb5g\ . oBlk of] rf/}lt/af6 ;;fgf a'6\ofg h+unn] 3]l/Psf] 5 . o; y'Dsf]df /x]sf] tfdfvfgL lj=;+= @)$) :FFn;Dd cfw'lgs k|ljlwaf6 tfdf lemlsof] . Toltv]/ h+undf v'a lah'nL aflnGYof] .

g]kfn]eGHofªsf] k"j{–blIf0f ;'gsf]zL–b"wsf]zL kfl/ s'n]{6f/ au/df xjfO{ d}bfg lyof] . pltv]/ 6'Ogc6/ ljdfg / x]lnsK6/ klg v'a a;fOGYof] . @)$% ;fnsf] af9Ln] pQm d}bfg aufPkl5 afn'jfdf kl/0ftdfq u/]g :yfgLo afl;Gbfx?sf] pl7af; eP/} 5f8\of] . Toxf“sf a"9fkfsfx¿ eG5g\, …vfgL lems]/ tfdfdfq nu]gg\ xfd|f] dl0f g} nu]5g\ . ;a}yf]s ;Tofgf; eof] .Ú oltv]/ j/k/sf afl;Gbfx¿ af“b/ wkfpg], cfsf;] v]tLsf e/df ls;fgL ug]{ clg af“sL lbg ef/L af]s]/ hLljsf]kfh{g ug]{ ub{5g\ .

o;f] t @)!& ;fndf v'n]sf] hf]tL{3f6 af6f] 8'+ufsf] e/df af6f] uf“:y] t/ cfh s6f/L–cf]vn9'+uf ;8s v'n]kl5 kxf8L hLjg wfGg] 9fqm]x“sf] 3'O“rf] 36]sf] 5 . :yfgLo JolQmafx]s v]jf -dfemLnfO{ b:t'/_ ltg]{ sd} lx+8\5g\ . 7]Ssf lnP/ 8'+uf rnfpg] kGw| 3/kl/jf/sf] cfo;|f]tdfq 36]g 7]Ssf;d]t aGb ug]{ l:yltdf 5g\ .  oxL hf]tL{3f6df k'n aGg] of]hgfsf nflu ;/sf/n] jif]{gL ;j]{If0fsf nflu /sd 5'6\ofp“b} cfPs} 5 t/ ;a ]{eg] slxNo} ePsf] 5}}g . t}klg k'n algxfn]df k}bn ofq'x¿sf] ;d:of ;dfwfg gx'g] s'/} 5}g .

p;f] t hf]tL{3f6 bf]efg Ps tLy{:yn klg xf] . df3];+qmflGt d]nf eg{ j/k/sf lhNnf l;Gw'nL, ;f]n'af6;d]t >4fn' eQmhgx¿ cfpg] ub{5g\ . :yfgLo /fO{x¿ sfs;fdf -kfgLk"hf_ ug{ af]sf, kf7f, k/]jf, xf“;, s'v'/f cflb lnP/ k"hf ug]{ ub{5g\ . df3] u+uf:gfgkl5 7"nf] af]xf]tfdf cf:yfsf w"k, bLk, cIf]tf, kftL, e]6L cflb b'O{ gbLsf] aLrdf ;]nfP/ -aufP/_ zflGt k|fKt ub{5g\ . jfl/kfl/sf jox? dfofk|]dsf uLtdfq ufp“b}gg\ Ps hfltn] csf]{ hfltsf ;djol;t cfhLjg ldqtf af“wL …ldtÚ, …ldltgLÚ aGb5g\ . of] k/Dk/f cfh ;]nfp“b} uPsf] 5 .

ca xfdL hf]tL{3f6af6 pQ/ b"wsf]zL lsgf/} lsgf/ b'O{ sf]; lx+8]kl5 /f]Db'vf]nfsf] bf]efg k'luG5 . oxf“ k/fk"j{b]lv g} df3];++qmflGt d]nf :yfgLo efiffdf …Kjf:;' ahf/Ú nfUg] u5{ . j/k/sf] ;dfh /fO{, du/sf] cflwSo /xg] x'“bf Ps /ft] ahf/ k|foM tLg /ft] aGg hfG5 . hf“8, /S;Lsf] ;'/df h'xf/L ufp“g} kg]{, Psn] csf{nfO{ nfg} kg]{ rng cfh klg 5 .

geGb} of] jif{ klg cfwf bh{g /fO{ l76fx¿n] l76L eufO{ nu]5g\ . dfuL ljjfxeGbf oxL ;+:sf/ /fO{x¿sf nflu Kof/f] ePsf] 5 h:tf] nfU5 . kf“r lbg] d]nf ;lsGh]n cf]vn9'+ufsf] lxn]kfgLb]lv vf]6fª ;8s lgdf{0f sfo{df Jo:t g'jfsf]6sf s'NnL ;'gaxfb'/ tfdfª b"wsf]zLdf au]/ a]kQf eP5g\ . sf]xL s;}nfO{ u'gf;f] kf]Vg] 7fp“ /x]g .

o;f] t b"wsfzL lsgf/} kR5\ofp“b} hf“bf cf]vn9'+uf / vf]6fªs} ;+ud:yn /Da'jf 3f6df df3];+qmflGt d]nf /dfOn} u/L nfUg] u5{ . k'Ug gEofP klg o;kfln eg] TolQ nfUg ;s]g 5 . Clts /f];g k|s/0fn] pAhfPsf] unt k|efjn] t/fO{af6 cfPsf Jofkf/Lx¿nfO{ s]xL JolQmn] b'Mv lbg] sfd klg u/]5g\ . tL Jofkf/Lx¿ lgGofp/f] d'vdf kmls{/x]sf lyP .

k|yd zxLb nvg yfkfk|lt n]vsx¿ k"jf{u|xL 5g\

nf]sg]z yfkf 9]+ufdu/

du/ kl/jf/df hlGdPsf nvg yfkf b]z / dfgj :jtGqtfsf lglDt n8\g] ;Rrf JolQm lyP . $@ jif{sf] cNkfo'df hgtfsf nflu k|f0f Tofu ug]{ pgL g]kfns} klxnf] zxLb x'g\ .

/f0ff zf;gk|lt hgdfg;df h'g /f]if / c;Gtf]if lyof], Tof] lgZro klg d's lyof] . To; d's c;Gt'li6nfO{ jf0fL lbg] s'g} JolQm lyP eg] nvg yfkf g} lyP .

/fHo;Qf vf];L /fhf aGg] h+uaxfb'/sf] of]hgf nvg yfkfsf] ljb|f]xn] rsgfr'/ kfl/lbof] . nvgsf] ljb|f]xsf] sf/0fn] g} h+uaxfb'/ kl5sf /f0ffx¿n] /fhf aGg] ;kgf TofuL s]xL dfqfdf eP klg hglxt sfo{ ug]{ k|of; u/] . nvg yfkfn] u/]sf] ljb|f]xsf] of] Pp6f 7"nf] pknlAw dfGg'kb{5 .

o:tf jL/x¿ Oltxf;df w]/} xf]nfg\ t/ cGwsf/df km\of“lsPsf jL/x¿sf] o:tf] eL8af6 nvg yfkf cnu /xgsf] Pp6} sf/0f xf], pgsf] r]tgfd"ns ljb|f]x . nvg yfkfaf/] hlt n]lvg'kYof]{ Tolt n]lvPg t/ klg pgsf r]tgfsf 8f]ax¿nfO{ ;don] d]6fpg ;s]g .

;g\ $ dfr{ !*!^ ;'uf}nL ;lGwkl5 nvg yfkfsf k'vf{x¿dWo] cfwf cfkm\gf] …k'/fgf] uf]/vf kN6gÚ l;t sf7df8f}+ kms]{sf lyP . af“sL /x]sf cfwf Oi6 Ol08of sDkgLsf] kmf}hdf ;]jf ug{ a;]sfx¿ t];|f] uf]vf{df gf]s/L u/L sfnfGt/df cndf]8fnfO{ cfkm\gf] ef/tLo jtg agfpg k'u]sf lyP .

nvg yfkf du/sf] hGd -sf:sLsf] c3f}{ klg eG5g\_ uf]vf{, a'Ësf]6df lj=;+= !*(! df ePsf] xf] . cfkm\gf gft]bf/ cndf]8fdf x'gfn] pxL+ uO{ k|f/lDes lzIff lnPsf lyP . To; ;do g]kfndf cfd hgtfnfO{ lzIffsf] ;'ljwf lyPg . cfkm\gf] vfgbfgsf] uf]/vf /fOkmndf -s'dfp a6flnog_ ;]jf ug]{ k/Dk/f a;fln;s]sfn] pgnfO{ klg ;f]xL kN6gdf etL{ x'g pgsf gft]bf/n] af/Daf/ cfu|x u/]f lyP . cfkm\gf] cGt/x[bon] ljb]zL ;]gfdf etL{ x'g k6Ss} :jLs[t glbPsf sf/0f /fli6«o ;]gfdf etL{ x'g sf7df8f}+ k'u] . lj=;+= !(!! df @) jif{sf] pd]/df pgL cfkm\g} k'Vof}{nL kN6g …k'/fgf] uf]/v u0fÚ du/ kN6gdf egf{ ePsf lyP . egf{ x'"bf nId0f yfkfdu/ gfdaf6 egf{ ePsf lyP . -zfxL g]kfnL ;]gfsf] Oltxf;– 6]saxfb'/ vqL–@)$!_ .

;g\ !*%& sf] ef/t :jtGqtf cfGbf]ngdf Toxf“sf ;}lgsx¿n] la|l6z x's'dtsf lj¿4 7"nf] ljb|f]x u/] . of] cfGbf]ng bafpg h+uaxfb'/ cfkm} @% g]kfnL kN6g lnP/ la|l6zsf] lxdfotL eP/ nvgpm k'u]sf lyP . æk''/fgf] uf]/vudf axfn /x]sf nvg yfkf / hol;+x r'ld/fgf ;fy} >Lkt u'¿ª …sfnLaxfb'/ u0fÚ ;“u nvgpm k'u]sf lyP .Æ -6]saxfb'/ vqL–@)$!_ logLx¿n] gjfa jlhb cnL zfxsf] b/af/sf] n'6 / ;fy} :yfgLo hgtfx¿;“u u/]sf] cGofo–cTofrf/sf b[Zo b]v]sf lyP . JolQmut¿kdf w]/} l;kfxLx¿n] kl5;Dd k5'tfp u/]sf lyP . ef/tnfO{ c+u|]hsf] bf;tfaf6 d'Qm u/fpg alnbfg x'g] ;of}+ zxLbx¿sf] ;+3if{ klg b]v]sf lyP . o;} sf/0f nvg yfkfn] pb\3f]if u/]sf lyP– æh+u]n] g]kfn Dn]R5nfO{ a]Rof] .Æ

hxflgof /f0ff zf;gdf 3l6t, sf]t kj{, e08f/vfn kj{ / c¿ 8/nfUbf 36gflj¿4 cfjfh p7fpg] ;fx; sf]xL klg ub}{gy] . lhp–wg ;/sf/s} eg]/ ;x]/ a;L 5f]/f5f]/Lx¿nfO{ æx's'dsf] hjfkm 5}g, sfnsf] cf}iflw 5}gÆ egL dftflktfn] lzIff lbGy] .

h+uaxfb'/n] c+u|]hnfO{ ljZjf;df lnO{ /fHo;Qf vf];L /fhf aGg] 7"nf] of]hgf agfPsf lyP . o;} sf/0fn] h+uaxfb'/sf vnsafx]s of]UoeGbf of]Uo JolQm klg s0f]{n;Dd x'g gkfpg] eP . oL ;a cGofo / c;dfg Jojxf/af6 If'Aw eO{ lj=;+= !(@& df Sof= nvg yfkf / Sof= hol;+x r'ld/fgfn] kN6g 5f]8L a'Ësf]6 cfO{ h+uaxfb'/sf] lj¿4df hg;]gf agfpglt/ nfu] .

lj=;+= !(!) df ljho/fh kf08] lnlvt d'n'sL P]g aGg'eGbf klxn] ;}lgs hghfltn] cfkm"nfO{ o'4 hLjLju{sf] -If]qLo_ ;dsIf 7fGb} cfPsf lyP eg] Jofkf/L hghfltn] -g]jf/_ j}Zo x'" eGg] ub{y] . pQm d'n'sL P]g ag]kl5 ;a} hghfltx¿nfO{ kfgL rNg] z'b| ju{df ;dfj]z u/fOof] . pRr kbdf lgo'lQm kfpg tfufwf/L x'g'kg]{ afWotfn] ubf{ hg} klxl//x]sf du/ / cGo hghfltx¿ ætfufwf/LÆ ju{df k/] eg], h'g hghfltn] hg} klxl/g rfx]gg\ pgLx¿nfO{ dtjfnL …z'b|Ú ju{df /flvof] . oL ;a c;Gt'i6 a|fx\d0fx¿nfO{ v'zL kfg]{ p2]Zon] / …;QfÚ u2L sAhf ubf{ lj/f]w gcfcf];\ eGg] of]hgf cg';f/ a|fx\d0fnfO{ dflyNnf] :yfg u'?–k'/f]lxtsf] ;Ddfg lbP, d[To'b08af6 klg k[ys /fv] .

;gftg lxGb" wd{df NofOPsf cGwljZjf; s'/Llt / ¿9LjfbL k|j[lQsf lj¿4df hgtfnfO{ ;r]t ug'{ klg nvg yfkfsf] p2]Zo /x]sf] kfOG5 . nvg yfkf /fhf / k|hf b'j}n] dfGg] hf];dgL ;Dk|bfolt/ cfsif{0f ePsf] kfOG5 . lgu'{0f pkf;gf / hfltkflt gdfGg] hf];dgL ;Dk|bfosf] d"n bz{g xf] . nvg yfkfn] o; ;Dk|bfodf l;l2 k|fKt u/]sf lyP .

Toltv]/sf hgtf k"0f{¿kdf clzlIft ePsf] x'"bf pgLx¿df dfgl;s r]tgf km}nfO{ hfu|t agfpgsf nflu ;do w]/} nfUg] eof] . pko'Qm ;dosf] lglDt nfdf] kvf{O u/]/ a:g] xf] eg] /f0ff zf;gn] h/f] ufl8;Sg] l:ylt ePsf] x'"bf nvg yfkfn] wd{ / b]jLsf] zlQmsf] gfdaf6 hgr]tgf hufpg] hdsf]{ u/]sf] kfOG5 . 7fp“–7fp“df ufp“n] hgtfnfO{ hDdf u/fP/ pgL eGg] ub{y]– æh+u]n] g]kfn Dn]R5nfO{ a]Rof], b'lgof“nfO{ qfxL–qfxL kfl//x]sf] 5, hftkft 5'jf5"t emg\ rsf{Psf] 5 . h+u]nfO{ x6fP/ g]kfn cfdfnfO{ kfksf] af]emaf6 xNsf kfg'{k5{ . g]kfndf ;To o'u lkm/fpm, dgsfdgf dfO{n] j/bfg lbPsL 5g\ . efO xf] t}of/ xf]cf}+ .Æ
-eLd eQmdfg l;+x– …g]kfnÚ – @))%_

hghfu/0f km}nfp“b} @))) hlt o'jsx¿sf] kmf}h agfpg ;kmn ePsf lyP / a'Ësf]6 uf]vf{df tLgtn] b/af/ klg lgdf{0f ug{ ;kmn ePsf lyP . 7Ls ;o ld6/ tnlt/ l;kfxLsf] lk6L–k/]8 v]Ng / o'4 sf}zntfsf lglDt tflnd k|fKt ug{ 6'"l8v]n agfPsf lyP . b/af/sf] rf/}lt/ sDkfp08n] 3]l/Psf] lyof] . -xfn nvg yfkf_ sf] gdfaf6 :s"n ;~rfng ePsf] 5 . w]/}yf]/} c:qz:q klg hDdf u/]sf lyP . pgsf] ;]gfdf ;a} hfthfltsf lyP .

PstGqLo /f0ff zf;gsf] lj/f]wdf g]kfnL hgtfn] ;z:q ljb|f]x u/], nvg yfkf d'lVtof/ -k|wfgdGqL_, ;]gfklt hol;+ r'dLdu/, hg/nåo ndh'ªsf z'sb]j u'¿ª, ;'klt u'¿ª / dGqLx¿df– ¿Dhf6f/sf 1fglbnbf; a|fx\d0f / sfg' nD;fn cflb lyP .

ænvg yfkf ;Gtsf] e]ifdf hgr]tgf hufpg lx+8]sf] a]nfdf pgnfO{ kqm]/ h+u];dIf k'¥ofOlbPsf lyP . pgdf ;Gt;'ne u'0f kfPkl5 h+u]n] 5fl8lbg ljjz ePsf lyP .Æ

nvg yfkfsf] a]nfotsf] h:tf] ;+;bLo k|0ffnL g]kfndf Nofpg] rfxgf lyof] . …cfkm\gf zfxL vhfgf d /fhf x'", d]/f] wg xf] egL afbzfxn] klg cfkm"v'zL ug{ kfp“b}gg\ .Ú …d]/f] bhf{ 7"nf] 5 egL k|wfgdGqLn] klg cg/Lt u¥ofdf kfln{ofd]G6 sfplG;naf6 ;hfo x'G5 .Ú t/ c+u|]hsf] ;fd|fHojfbL gLltsf lj¿4 lyP . oL ;a p2]Zo af]sL ;g\ !*&^ clk|ndf ljb|f]x u/]sf lyP .

k'¿iff]Qd zdz]/ /f0ffn] …/f0ffsfnLg lzsf/ s"6gLltÚ -;fwgf– df3 @)%^_ n]v]sf 5g\ …>L # h+u] ;g\ !*&^ km]a|'cl/df g]kfnsf] t/fO{ ;'b"/klZrd gof“ d'n's -af“s], alb{of, s}nfnL_ df a]nfotsf tTsfnLg o'j/fh, …P8j8{ cNa8{Ú -;d|f1L leS6f]l/ofsf h]7f 5f]/f_ cfp“bf lk|G;sf] :jfutfy{ k'u]sf lyP . pgsf] :jfutdf * ;o xfQLsf n:s/ lgsfn]sf lyP . lzsf/sf] bf}8fg ;of}+ hgfj/x¿ dfl/of], ;fy} lhp“bf r/fx¿ / hgfj/x¿ pkxf/ lbOPsf] lyof] . h+uaxfb'/n] …lzsf/Ú nfO{ s"6gLltsf] Ps c+usf] ¿kdf k|of]u u/]sf lyP .

nvg yfkf du/n] ;g\ !*&^ df cfkm\gf] g]t[Tjdf @))) hlt o'jfx¿sf] hg;d"x ;+u7g u/L a'¨sf]6df 7"nf] leNnf agfpg ;kmn ePsf lyP . w]/}–yf]/} c:qz:q klg hDdf u/]sf lyP . h+uaxfb'/ sf7df8f}+ kmls{g] a]nfdf cj;/ 5f]kL rGb|flu/Lsf] e~Hofªdf 3f6 nufP/ h+u]nfO{ df/L nvg yfkf cfkm\gf] p2]Zo k"/f ug{ rfxGy] . o;af/] ;'O"sf] kfpgf;fy t'¿Gt sf7df8f}+ kmsL{ Toxf“af6 …b]jLbQ u0fÚ a6flnognfO{ uf]vf{ k7fP . -k|df]bzdz]/ /f0ff /fgf OlG6«uh lnlvt uf]/vf ck|]lhË zLif{saf6_ rGb|flu/Lsf] e~Hofªdf 3f6 nufP/ h+u]nfO{ df/L nvg yfkfn] g]kfnL hgtfnfO{ /f0ffb]lv d'lQm lbg rfxGy] t/ 6LsfbQ e";fn h};Ln] kf]n vf]n]kl5 $)–%) lbgsf] lzsf/ sfo{qmdnfO{ !^ lbgdf g} 5f]8L t'¿Gt sf7df8f}+ kmsL{ b]jLbQ a6flnognfO{ -o'j/fhnfO{ >L # af6 >L % aGgsf nflu xft lnO;s]sf] a]nfdf ljb|f]x x'"bf_ qmf]lwt x'"b} ænvgnfO{ dgsfdgf af/fxL b]jLn] h+u]nfO{ dfg]{ a/bfg lbPsL 5g\ . To;nfO{ dgsfdgf af/fxLn] To:tf] a/bfg lbPsf] 5 eg] To;} 5]pdf e'm08fO{ dfg'{Æ x's'd lbP/ k7fPsf lyP .

h+uaxfb'/sf] kN6gl;t nvg yfkfsf] kmf}h a'Ësf]6df le8Gt eof] . nueu !) dlxgf;Dd rn]sf] ;+3if{df uf]nL / vfBFGg l;l4Pkl5 nvg yfkf / pgsf ;xof]uL ;lhn} efUg ;Sby] t/ To;f] u/]gg\ . lsgeg] ev{/} dfq ;'? ePsf] r}tGodo hgcfGbf]ngsf g]tf nvg yfkf k|f0f hf]ufpgsf lglDt efu]gg\, a¿ k|ToIf¿kdf d[To' j/0f u/]/ cfpg] lk+9LnfO{ alnbfgL af6f] b]vfpg plrt ;Dem] .

lj=;+= !(## kmfu'g @ ut] -;g\ !*&& km/j/L !*_ sf] lbg a'Ësf]6 cfkm\gf] b/af/sf] cufl8 lv/f{sf] ¿vdf nvg yfkf, hol;+ r'dL/fgf / cGo % hgfnfO{ em'08fOPsf] x]g{ pkl:yt hg;d"xnfO{ ;Daf]wg ub}{ æd d/]sf] ;ft lbgleq Tof] h+u] klg dg]{5 . dnfO{ em'08fOPsf] a]nf sf]xL klg g¿g' / kL/ klg gug'{Æ eGg] cfu|x u/]sf lyP . -nvg yfkfsf] egfO ;To x'G5, o;}sf/0fn] klg xf]nf dgsfdgf b]jLdf g]kfnL hgdfg;sf] cf:yf a9\b} uPsf]_ eLdeQmdfg l;+x …g]kfnÚ @))% ænId0f yfkfsf %) hgf ;xof]uLnfO{ af“;sf] lk+h8fdf /fvL sf7df8f}+ NofOof] / 6'"l8v]nsf] ¿vdf em'08fP/ df/] .Æ

k|df]bzDz]/ /f0ff– /fgf OlG6«uhÚ æpgLx¿ dfl/P t/ pgsf ;xof]uL sfg' nD;fn / 1fglbnbf;nfO{ eg] afx'g ePsf] sf/0faf6 d[To'b08 lbPgg\ .Æ z'sb]j u'¿ªnfO{ klg uf]vf{sf] h]ndf oftgfk"0f{ 9+un] df/], pgL klg zxLb eP .

nueu !) dlxgf;Dd rn]sf] o; ;z:q k|yd hgljb|f]xnfO{ bafpg :jo+ hg/n wL/zdz]/ a'Ësf]6 cfpg'k/]sf] lyof] eg] h+uaxfb'/ kTy/3§fdf lzsf/ v]Nb} lyP . ljb|F]xsf] bf}8fg j]gL3f6lg/ /x:ofTds 9+un] h+u] 3fon x'g', s]xL lbgkl5 d[To' x'g' -nvg yfkfn] zxfbt k|fKt u/]sf] ;ftf_ cfh;Dd /x:o aGg k'u]sf] 5 . h+u]kl5sf k|wfgdGqL /0f]l2k l;+xsf lj¿4df ;'klt u'¿ªn] g]t[Tj u/] t/ pgnfO{ ndh'ªdf c1ft¿kdf xTof u/fO{ df/] .

;'klt u'¿ª nufot cg]s qmflGtsf/Lx¿ wd{eQm, u+ufnfn, bz/y rGb, z'qm/fh zf:qL cflb 1ft–c1ft zxLbx¿nfO{ zxfbtsf] af6f]df 8f]¥ofpg] hgcfGbf]ngsf k|yd k|0f]tf nvg yfkf du/ g} lyP .

xfd|f s]xL Oltxf;ljb\n] yfkf / pgsf] ljb|f]xk|lt k"jf{u|xL ag]sf 5g\ . Oltxf;df st} klg nvg yfkfsf] ljb|F]xaf/] uDeL/ rrf{ ul/Psf] 5}g . olt 7"nf] r]tgfd"ns ljb|f]xnfO{ dtjfnL / hghfltsf] ljb|f]xsf] ¿kdf x]g]{ e]befj b[i6 TofuL o; ;/sf/n] ¿kGb]xL, d+unfk'/df x'g] ;flsn lgdf{0fdf ;xof]usf] ;fy} nvg yfkfsf] :d[ltdf k|lti7fg u7g u/L ;Dk"0f{ zxLbnfO{ ;dfg¿kdf x]g]{ b[li6sf]0f /fVg' k|yd zxLb nvg yfkf du/k|lt ;Rrf >4f~hnL x'g]5 .