gof“ ljZj kl/j]zdf cd]l/sfsf] g]kfn gLlt

8f= gf/fo0f v8\sf

sl/a Ps jif{ klxn] la|l6z sf]nf]lDaof ljZjljBfnoaf6 k|sflzt cg';Gwfgd'vL klqsf -hg{n_ …k];lkmsL PkmP/;Ú df k|sflzt …g]kfndf zLto'4sfnLg cd]l/sL ;xof]u gLlt M eljiosf] nflu s]xL lzIffÚ gfds d]/f] n]vsf] nflu jt{dfg cd]l/sL /fhb"t k|mfGs / tTsfnLg ;xfos -8L;LPd_ n] kmf]g u/]/ awfO{ lbP . pgLx¿n] awfO{ lbPsf] o; sf/0f pNn]v ug'{k¥of] ls pQm n]vdf g]kfndf zLto'4sfnLg cd]l/sL k//fi6« / j}b]lzs ;xof]u gLlt ;kmn /x]gg\ eGg] ljZn]if0fnfO{ pgLx¿n] …tkfO{+n] ug'{ePsf] ljZn]if0fnfO{ xfdLn] ;sf/fTds ¿kdf lnPsf 5f}+Ú eg]/ v'nf ;dfhsf] pbf/jfbL b[li6sf]0fsf] pbfx/0f k|:t't u/] . pQm n]vdf cd]l/sL j}b]lzs ;xof]u s;/L o;sf cfkm\gf] k//fi6« gLltsf] p2]Zox¿ k|flKtsf] nflu k|of]u ul/P / tL p2]Zox¿ xfl;n eof]–ePg eGg] ljZn]if0f lyof] . ;f/f+zdf To; n]vdf jt{dfg ljZj kl/l:ylt zLto'4sf] kl/l:ylteGbf km/s ePaf6 g]kfnk|lt cd]l/sL rf;f] sd x'"b} hfg]5 / ca g]kfnn] cd]l/sfdfly klxn]h:tf] e/f];f gu/] klg x'G5 eGg] ljZn]if0fnfO{ b'j}hgfn] To;f]rflx+ x'"b}g eGg] l6Kk0fL u/] . tL l6Kk0fLx¿ pgLx¿sf] s"6gLlts ;f}xfb{tf lyof] .

cd]l/sf–g]kfn ;DaGw …kmnfd] kbf{Ú nfUb} u/]sf] zLto'4sf] k|yd r/0fdf :yflkt ePsf] xf] . g]kfn, ef/t :jtGqtf;"u} a]nfotL ;dy{g k|efjsf/L gx'g] tYonfO{ b[li6ut u/L /f0ff k|wfgdGqL kß zdz]/n] ;g\ !($& df cd]l/sf;"u s"6gLlts ;DaGw :yfkgf u/] . cd]l/sfsf] nflu klg blIf0f Pl;ofsf ul/a d'n'sx¿df tTsfnLg ;f]leot ¿;sf] ;}4flGts r'gf}tL / a9\bf] ;fDojfbL k|efj /f]Sg g]kfn dxŒjk"0f{ b]z lyof] . To:t} bf];|f] ljZjo'4kZrft\ rLgdf ;fDojfbLx¿sf] zf;g nfu" x'g] lglZrt k|foM lyof] . rLgsf] k|ToIf ¿kdf g]kfnnfO{ / g]kfnsf] ;Ldfaf6 ef/tnufot cGo b]zx¿df ;fDojfbL k|efj kg]{ ePaf6 ;}4flGts o'4sf] b[li6n] g]kfn cd]l/sfsf] b[li6df c;'/lIft b]z lyof] . oBlk cd]l/sfsf] cfkm\gf] ;'/Iffsf] nflu g]kfn ;fdl/s dxŒjsf] b]z lyPg . cd]l/sfnfO{ cfkm\gf] k//fi6« gLltsf] p2]Zox¿ k|fKt ug{ g;s] ;f]leot ¿; / cGo ;fDojfbLx¿sf] r'gf}tL ;fdgf ug{ cToGt} sl7g x'g] lyof] . o;}n] zLto'4sf] ;'¿jft;"u} k//fi6« gLlt ;kmntfk"j{s sfof{Gjog ug{ cfly{s c:q cyf{t\ j}b]lzs ;xof]usf] gLlt ckgfpg cfjZos eof] . pklgj]zaf6 d'Qm ePsf clk|msf, Pl;of / Nofl6g cd]l/sfsf ul/a d'n'sx¿df :jtGqtf;"u} cfly{s ljsf;sf] ult cufl8 ga9] ;fDojfbL cfGbf]ngn] ;kmntf kfpg] cd]l/sL wf/0ff lyof] . bf];|f] ljZjo'4af6 cfly{s ¿kdf Wj:t ePsf klZrd o'/f]k]nL b]zx¿df nfu" ul/Psf] …dfz{n of]hgfÚ sf] ;kmntfn] klg cd]l/sfnfO{ j}b]lzs ;xof]udfkm{t\ t];|f] ljZjdf :jtGqtf / ljsf; cufl8 a9fpg yk k|]/0ff ldNof] .

ef/t :jtGq ePkl5sf ;'¿sf jif{x¿df cd]l/sf–ef/t ;DaGw lalu|Psf] lyof] eg] cGo blIf0f Pl;ofnL b]zx¿eGbf ;fDojfbL k|efjsf] vt/fsf] b[li6sf]0fn] g]kfn a9L ;+j]bgzLn ePsf] cd]l/sL 7x/ x'"bf ;g\ !(%! b]lv g} /fi6«klt 6«'dfgsf] …KjfOG6 kmf]/Ú cGtu{t g]kfnn] cd]l/sfsf] j}b]lzs ;xof]u k|fKt ug{ yfNof] . rLg / ¿; klg g]kfnsf] e"–/fhgLlt / cd]l/sL ;xof]usf] sf/0f j}b]lzs ;xof]usf] k|lt:kwf{df pq] . oxL sf/0f cd]l/sfn] g]kfnnfO{ lbg] ;xof]usf] /sddf t'ngfTds lx;fan] 7"nf] j[l4 u¥of] . !(^) sf] bzs;Dd cd]l/sf g]kfndf ;a}eGbf a9L ;xof]u ug]{ b]z lyof] . !(&) sf] bzssf] ;'¿lt/ cd]l/sf–rLg ;DaGwdf ;'wf/ x'g' / g]kfndf ;f]leot ;xof]usf] /sddf Jofks s6f}tL ePaf6 ;fDojfbL k|efj sd x'g] b]vL cd]l/sfsf] g]kfnk|ltsf] rf;f]df klg qmlds x|f; b]vfkg{ yfNof] . !(*) sf] bzsdf cd]l/sfsf] g]kfn gLltsf] p2]Zox¿ ;fDojfbL / ;'/Ifflxtx¿eGbf qmlds k|hftfGqLs/0f / cfGtl/s :yfloTjdf k|d'v lyP .

zLto'4sfndf cd]l/sfn] g]kfndf t'¿Gt} ax'bnLo Joj:yf k'g:yf{kgf u/fpg] gLlt cjnDag u/]sf] lyPg . t/ klg k~rfotsf] cToGt bdgsf/L ;dodf cd]l/sfsf] /fi6«kltx¿ / k//fi6« ljefun] -:6]6 l8kf6{d]G6_ k|hftGqsf af/]df JoQm u/]sf s]xL l6Kk0fLx¿n] klg vf;u/L g]kfnL sf+u|];j[Qdf cd]l/sfn] g]kfndf /fhfnfO{ ca s]xL bafj lbg]5 eg]/ cfzfjfbL agfp"Yof] . pbfx/0fsf nflu !(&) sf] bzssf] dWolt/ /fi6«klt sf6{/sf] dfgj clwsf/ pNn+3g ePsf b]zx¿nfO{ cd]l/sL ;xof]u s6f}tL ug]{ gLltnfO{ To;a]nf g]kfnL sf+u|];sf xfdL ;a} sfo{stf{n] g]kfndf k|hftGq k'ga{xfnL u/fpg] Pp6f /fd|f] sbdsf] ¿kdf x]g]{ ub{Yof}+ . t/ g]kfndf cd]l/sL gLlt k|hftGqsf] k'g:yf{kgfsf] nflueGbf klg sDo'lgi6x¿sf] k|efj /f]Sg] lbzfkl§ a9L pGd'v lyof] . To;a]nf cd]l/sfsf] wf/0ff g]kfn ax'bnLo Joj:yfsf] nflu k"0f{tof kl/kSj gePsf]n] Pp6f alnof] /fh;+:yfn] dfq} sDo'lgi6sf] k|efj /f]Sg ;S5 eGg] lyof] . g]kfndf lgo'lQm kfPsf /fhb"tnufot w]/} s"6gLlt1x¿sf] p7–a; b/af/s} dflg;;"u x'g] / k|hftGq ;dy{sx¿k|ltsf] pgLx¿sf] ;xfg'e"lt vfln Pp6f cf}krfl/stfdfq} lyof] .

g]kfnh:tf] ul/a d'n'sdf k|hftGqsf] qmlds ljsf; pko'{Qm x'G5 / !(*) sf] bzs;Dd ax'bnLo Joj:yfn] ;fDojfbsf] cfGbf]ng /f]Sg sl7g x'g;S5 eGg] cd]l/sL dfGotf lyof] . rLgdf !(*) sf] z;¿lt/ / ¿;df uf]jf{rf]esf] cfudgkl5 dfq} cd]l/sfn] k|hftGq / :jtGq cy{tGqsf] kIfdf 7f]; gLltx¿ cjnDag u¥of] . zLto'4sfndf cd]l/sfn] k|hftGq / :jtGq ;dfhsf] kIfdf ljrf/ JoQm u/] klg ;fDojfbsf] lj/f]wdf tfgfzfxL ;/sf/x¿nfO{ a9L ;+/If0f k|bfg u¥of] . kfls:tfg, lrnL, lkmlnlkG;, kfgfdf, x}6L, O/fg, OlhK6, tfOjfgh:tf b]zx¿nfO{ k|ToIf ¿kdf ;}lgs / cfly{s ;xof]u k|bfg u/]/ tL b]zsf zf;sx¿nfO{ ;fDojfb cfGbf]ngsf] lj¿4df ;xof]u lbof] . g]kfndf eg] xfdLn] cd]l/sfnfO{ ;w}+ k|hftGqsf] ;a}eGbf 7"nf] lxdfotLsf] ¿kdf x]¥of}+ .

@) cf}+ ztfAbLsf] clGtd bzsdf k|hftGqsf] ljZjnx/;"u} cfPsf] ;"rgf qmflGtsf] kl/k|]Iodf cfly{s pbf/Ls/0f / :jtGq cy{tGqsf] k|a4{g / ljsf; u/fp"b} cfkm\gf] cfly{s lxt k"/f ug]{ cd]l/sfsf] k//fi6« gLlt /x]sf] 5 . o;}n] ljZj Jofkf/ ;+3, :jtGq Jofkf/ ;+3, Pk]sh:tf ;+:yfsf] ljsf;df cd]l/sfsf] rf;f] /lxcfPsf] 5 . O/fs, lnlaof / O/fgsf] t]n e08f/sf] dxŒjnfO{ cd]l/sfsf] gfsfaGbLsf] c:qaf6 k'g/fjnf]sg ul/g'kg]{ ;f]rfO cd]l/sfsf] gLlt lgdf{0fx¿ cufl8 ;fb}{5g\ . t/ cd]l/sfsf] cfly{s gLlt cGt/f{li6«o ;'/Iff sfod gu/L ;Dej 5}g . clxn]sf] ljZj kl/j]z zflGtk"0f{ 5}g . cd]l/sfnfO{ o'/f]kdf /l;ofsf] k/df0f' lgz:qLs/0f / gf6f]sf] lj:tf/, dWok"j{df Oh/fon–Kofn]l:6lgog–c/a ;d:of, Pl;ofdf rLg–tfOjfg ;d:of, pQ/ sf]l/of, blIf0f sf]l/ofsf] ;d:ofx¿ ;dfwfg ug]{ r'gf}tLx¿ 5g\ . To:t} Pl;of / clk|msfsf wfld{s k/Dk/fjfbLx¿af6 cft+ssf/L ultljlw / blIf0f cd]l/sf / Pl;ofs} sltko b]zx¿af6 nfu" cf}ifwLsf] cf];f/–k;f/, jftfj/0f k|b"if0f / 7"nf] ;+Vofdf u}/sfg'gL k|jf; clxn]sf] gof" kl/j]zdf cd]l/sfsf k//fi6« gLltsf r'gf}tLx¿ x'g\ . t];|f] ljZjsf ul/a b]zx¿ cfkm}+ klg cd]l/sfsf] nflu r'gf}tL ePsf 5g\ . wgL–ul/a b]zsf] aLrsf] vf8n a9]sf] 5 eg] t];|f] ljZj cft+ssf/L ultljlwsf] nflu dflg; egf{ ug]{ dlnnf] If]q ePsf] 5 / jftfj/0f k|b"if0f / nfu"kbfy{ cf];f/–k;f/ / u}/sfg'gL cfk|jf; w]/} xb;Dd t];|f] ljZjo'4af6} plAhPsf ;d:of x'g\ .

g]kfnh:tf] ul/a / ljZj ;DaGwsf] dfglrqdf vf;} dxŒj g/fVg] b]zx¿df eg] cd]l/sL rf;f] 36\b}5 . ;fg} eP klg cd]l/sfdf So'jf of dWok"j{sf] Oh/fon of o'/f]ksf] sf];f]ef] / af];lgof of klZrd Pl;ofsf] ckmuflg:tfgsf] h:tf] ;'/Iff / If]qLo tgfjsf] s]Gb|ljGb' elgg] h:tf] b]z g]kfn kb}{g . Pl;ofdf k/df0f' vt/f / If]qLo ;'/Iffsf] lx;fan] cd]l/sfsf] rf;f] a9L dfqfdf c/a–Oh/fon, kfls:tfg–ef/t / rLg–tfOjfgdf s]lGb|t 5 . cd]l/sL /fi6«klt a';sf] /IffdGqL /d;km]N8n] eg]sf 5g\– …cd]l/sfn] eljiodf ¿;;"u eGbf rLg;"u g} n8\g'kg]{ ;Defjgf a9L 5 .Ú g]kfnsf b'O{ 7"nf l5d]sL b]zx¿ rLg / ef/t Jofkf/ nufgL / /f]huf/sf] b[li6sf]0faf6 klg cd]l/sfsf] nflu a9L dxŒj /"V5g\ . g]kfndf cd]l/sL Jofkf/ / nufgL cToGt} Go"g 5 . ;g\ @))) df s'n cd]l/sL lgof{t # !÷@ s/f]8 8n/ lyof] eg] g]kfnaf6 cfoft hDdf nueu @# s/f]8hlt . of] cToGt} Go"g /sd xf]– cd]l/sfsf] ljZj Jofkf/sf] s'n /sddf . j}b]lzs nufgL klg ko{6g -xf]6n_ / hn;|f]tdf Psbd} ;Lldt dfqfdf 5 . cfly{s s"6gLltaf6 ;~rflnt cd]l/sL j}b]lzs gLltsf] nflu g]kfnn] vf;} dxŒj /fVb}g . oxL sf/0f klg ljZj ;'Gb/ lxdfnsf] b]z g]kfneGbf ljZj ;'Gb/Lx¿sf] b]z ef/tdf cd]l/sfsf] k"j{/fi6«klt lSnG6g /fi6«klt x'"bf / x6]kl5 u/L b'O{k6s e|d0f ul/;s] / kmsL{–kmsL{ cfp"5' eg]/ elg/fv]sf 5g\ .

jt{dfg cj:yfdf cd]l/sf–g]kfnsf] cfwf ztfAbLeGbf k'/fgf] ;DaGwnfO{ dxŒj lbg / g]kfnn] cd]l/sfsf] rf;f]sf] cGt/f{li6«o d'2fx¿df lbPsf] s"6gLlts ;dy{gnfO{ cfTd;ft ub}{ g]kfnsf] ljsf;df cd]l/sfn] lg/Gt/ ;xof]u ub}{ hfg] b]lvPsf] 5 . cd]l/sfn] g]kfnsf] s[lif / jg, :jf:Yo, kl/jf/ lgof]hg / dlxnf ;zQmLs/0fh:tf If]qx¿df lb+b} cfPsf] cf};t sl/a jflif{s @ s/f]8 8n/ hltsf] j}b]lzs ;xof]u eljiodf klg pknAw u/fO/fVg]5 .

abln"bf] ljZj kl/j]zdf cd]l/sfsf] g]kfn gLltsf k|d'v p2]Zo xf] ;+j}wflgs /fhtGq / ax'bnLo Joj:yfnfO{ ;dy{g lbg' b]lvPsf] 5 . g]kfndf k|hftGqsf] ljsf; cd]l/sfsf] ljZj gLltcg'¿k ePaf6 s"6gLlts / cfly{s ;xof]u u/]/ k|hftGqsf] ultnfO{ lbuf] agfpg rfxG5 . oxL sf/0f u}/k|hftflGqs zlQmx¿af6 k|hftGqdf cfpg] vt/fsf] lj/f]wdf g}lts ;dy{g lbg' p;sf] wd{ xf] . t/ g]kfnaf6 k|hftGq / /fh;+:yf g} ;dfKt x'g] cj:yfdf g]kfnn] afx\o k|e'Tj /f]Sg ;Sb}g eGg] cd]l/sL ;f]rfO b]lvPsf] 5, To;f] eP g]kfn If]qLo tgfjsf] af6f]:yn aGg ;S5 . oxL kl/k|]Iodf g} clk|nsf] dWodf hf/L cd]l/sL /fhb"tsf] jQmJonfO{ x]g'{k5{ . s'g} ;/sf/sf] kIfdf eGbf klg lgjf{lrt ;/sf/ u}/k|hftflGqs k|lqmofaf6 x6\g'x'Gg eGg] pQm l6Kk0fLnfO{ ut clk|n @! tfl/vdf cd]l/sfsf blIf0f Pl;ofnL dfldnf;DaGwL ;xfos k//fi6«dGqL Pnfg O:yfdn] h;n] h;/L a'em] klg of] cd]l/sfsf] k|hftGq;DaGwL ljZjJofkL wf/0ffsf] cleJolQm xf] eg] . o:tf jQmJox¿ kmf6km'6 cfOg} /xG5g\ c¿ b]zsf] kl/k|]Iodf klg . t/ o; cj:yfdf cd]l/sfsf] g]kfn gLlt nfu" ug{ Psbd} ;Lldt c:q 5g\, tL x'g\ cd]l/sfnufot ljsl;t /fi6«x¿sf] ;xof]u aGb ug'{ / bf];|f] xf] cfly{s gfsfaGbL nufpg' .

cd]l/sfsf] g]kfn gLltsf] csf]{ p2]Zo xf]– g]kfnsf] If]qLo cv08tfnfO{ cIf'00f /fVg g]kfnnfO{ ;xof]u ul//fVg' . 6f9fs} ;Defjgf eP klg g]kfnsf] l5d]sL d'n'sx¿af6 o;nfO{ vt/f k'Ug glbg cd]l/sL s"6gLlts k|of; /lx/xg]5 . g]kfnsf] ;'/Iffdf vt/f cfpg] cj:yf Pl;ofs} If]qLo c;Gt'ng / tgfj lgDTofpg] csf]{ k|d'v sf/0f aGg ;Sg] ePsf]n] cd]l/sfn] g]kfnsf] ;DaGwnfO{ lg/Gt/tf k|bfg ug'{kg]{ afWotf 5 . cd]l/sfsf] ef/t;"u ldqtf a9\b} uPsf] / rLg;"u hf;';L hxfhb]lv tfOjfgsf] ljifonfO{ lnP/ cd]l/sf–rLg ;DaGwdf lr;f]kgf cfP klg o;af6 g]kfnk|lt cd]l/sL b[li6sf]0fdf vf;} km/s cfpg] 5}g . rLg sf/stŒj aGg ;Sg] Pp6f cj:yf eg]sf] cd]l/sL pRrtxsf k|zf;sx¿ / l;g] snfsf/x¿df ltAatk|lt a9\b} uPsf] rf;f] . ltAatdf dfgj clwsf/sf] xgg / ltAatsf] eljionfO{ lnP/ ljjfb a9\g uP To;af6 g]kfndf cd]l/sL rf;f] a9\g ;S5 . cd]l/sf–rLg ;DaGwdf cfPsf] jt{dfg tgfj /fi6«klt a';sf] cNnf/]kgf / c1fgtfsf] pkh egL s]xL cfnf]rs eGb}5g\ . ;DejtM a';n] cfkm\gf] lktfsf] cg';/0f u/L rLg;"u ;DaGw ;fdfGoLs/0f ug]{5g\ . o;f] x'"bf rLg klg g]kfndf cd]l/sfsf] yk rf;f]sf] sf/0f aGg] 5}g .

abln"bf] ljZj kl/j]zdf cd]l/sfsf] g]kfn gLltsf] xfdLn] oyfy{k/s d"Nof+sg ug{ h¿/L 5 . c;fdfGo cj:yfafx]s cGo ;fdfGo / xfd|f l5d]sL d'n's / cGt/f{li6«o d'2fx¿df p7\g ;Sg] xfd|f ;d:ofnfO{ cd]l/sfn] 7"nf] rf;f] b]vfP/ g]kfnnfO{ ;dy{g ug]{5 eGg' xfdL a9L cfzfjfbL x'g' xf] . xfdLn] xfd|f k//fi6« dfldnfsf ljifox¿df cfkm\gf] cfGtl/s Ifdtf / s"6gLlts sf}znnfO{ a9fp"b} ;dfwfg ub}{ hfg'k5{ . g]kfn ca cd]l/sfsf] nflu zLto'4sfnLg dxŒj /fVb}g . gof" ljZj kl/j]zdf g]kfnn] klg cd]l/sfsf] s"6gLlts pkl:yltnfO{ k|of]u u/]/ kmfObf lng] ;do ca 5}g .

af}4 wd{ bz{gdf z"Gojfb

leIf' ljdnfgGb

;+;f/df hlt klg wfld{s ;Dk|bfox¿ Pj+ k4ltx¿ k|rlnt 5g\, ltgLx¿ ;a}sf] cf–cfkm\gf] ;}4flGts wf/0ff /x]sf] x'G5 . ToxL lglb{i6 l;4fGtnfO{ k|rf/ u/L cufl8 a9fpg x/]s wd{sf ;}4flGts cfwf/ v8f ePsf 5g\ . o:t} s¿0f cyjf bof¿kL :g]x jfT;No ;Dk"0f{ dfgj nufotsf k|f0fLx¿df ;]jf¿kL k/d wd{sf] cfwf/ :tDe v8f u/L sNof0fsf ;fwgfaf6 af}4 bz{gdf z"Gojfbsf] l;4fGt cfPsf] xf] . z"Gojfbsf] l;4fGt k|ltkfbg ePkl5 dfq af}4 wd{ ;+;f/df km}lnPsf] xf] / o;sf k|0f]tf l;4fy{ uf}td a'4nfO{ hutn] b]jk'¿if dfg]/ cf–cfkm\g} k4ltn] ;Ddfg u/]sf 5g\ . eujfg\ a'4n] k|rf/ u/]sf] af}4 1fgsf] nf]ssNof0fsf] wf/0ff cGtu{tsf] z"Gojfbsf l;4fGtnfO{ 7f]; ¿kdf k|rf/fy{ lnlka4 u/]/ a'4sf k|d'v cg'ofoL lziodWo]sf clt k|sf08 ljåfg\ cfo'j]{b lj1fgsf lz/f]dl0f leIf' gfufh'{gn] eujfg\ a'4nfO{ ;+;f/el/ kl/lrt u/fOlbg'ePsf] xf] .

z"Gojfbsf bz{gn] ;+;f/sf] ;[li6 cyjf pTklQ ePsf] klg 5}g / h]hlt pTklQ ePsf 5g\, ltgLx¿ s'g} klg l:y/ /xg] xf]Ogg\ . ltgLx¿sf] ljgfz clgjfo{ 5 eg]sf] 5 . af}4 bz{gs} zAbdf …hxf" k|tLTo ;d'Tkfb cyjf k|ToIf cufl8 b]lvPsf] pkh 5, Toxf" z"Gotf cjZo b]vfk5{ . ;a} kbfy{ gfzjfg 5g\ . k|tLTo ;d'Tkfbn] klg hutsf] pTklQ ePsf] s'/f :jLsf/ u/]sf] 5}g . s'g} j:t'sf] ;Qf dfGg' cyjf To;sf] cl:tTj :jLsf/ ug'{sf] tfTko{ To; j:t'nfO{ ldYof dfGg' xf] .Ú af}4 1fgdf ;aeGbf klxn] z"Gojfbsf wf/0ffdf hLj tyf hutsf] cl:tTj 5}g eGg] 3f]if0ff u/]sf] 5 . cfu|x tyf b[li6nfO{ lgif]w ug'{ g} z"Gotf xf] . j:t'sf ;QfnfO{ :jLsf/ gu/L ;Dos\ cyjf -z"Go_ cl:tTj/lxt lg/fsf/sf] b[li6 cfr/0f ug{ ;s] ej;fu/¿kL of] ;+;f/af6 efUg'kg]{ l:ylt kb}{g . knfogjfb ;a} ldYof b[li6af6 g} pTklQ x'G5 . ;+;f/df b]lvg] ldYof b[li6af6 /lxt x'g;s]df lgjf{0f jf d'lQm cjZo x'G5 . ldYof b[li6 cljBfsf] sf/0fn] ubf{ ;+j[lQ cyjf cljBf ;To eof] . csf]{tkm{ j:t'sf] ;Qf :jLsf/ gug]{ ;Dos\ b[li6 jf:tljs k/dfy{ ;To xf] . o;/L x]bf{ ;+j[lQ ;To / ;Dos\ b[li6 b'O{ ;To b]lvPsf 5g\ . Ps l;4fGtcg';f/ jf:tjdf Psdfq k/dfy{ ;To jf lg:jefjtf x'G5 . lg:jefjtfsf] ;To b'O{ k|sf/sf] x'Gg eGg] csf]{ l;4fVtcg';f/ ldYof b[li6lagf ;Dos\ b[li6 klg x'g ;Sb}g . lsgls :ki6 5 jf b]lvG5 eg]dfq jf:tjdf eP klg /xg] xf]Og eGg ldN5 . To:t} k|sf/n] lg:jefjtf jf k/dfy{ ;To geP ;+j[lQ klg ;To x'"b}g . lsgeg] s'g} j:t' 5}g cyjf xf]Og eg]/ dfGbfdfq cljBfsf] sf/0fn] o;f] ePsf] xf] eGg ldN5 . olb k/dfy{ ;To;"u ;+j[lQ cnu ePdf ;+;f/sf] lg:jefjtfsf] 1fg x'Gg . ;+j[lQ;"u k/dfy{ ;To klg cleGg 5}g . olb cleGg eP ;+j[lQ x6]/ uof] eg] k/dfy{ ;To klg x6]/ hfg] x'G5 . t/ ;+j[lQ geOsg k/dfy{sf] rrf{ gx'g] x'"bf b'O{ ;To lglZrt ¿kn] ;fljt eP .

O{Zj/ tyf cfTdfsf] efjgf ldYof b[li6af6 dfq pTklQ ePsf] xf] . ldYof b[li6n] ;Dos\ b[li6nfO{ bafO/fv]sf] 5 . To:t} Sn]zaf6 b'Mv clg cl:tTjaf6 ldYof pTklQ eof] . slNkt ;+;f/ tyf lgjf{0f ;Demg' g} z"Gotf xf] . ;+;f/df /xg' v/fa xf]Og . t/ jf:tljstfsf] c1fgtfdfq v/fa eg]/ yfxf kfOg'k5{ . jf:tljs c1fgtfsf] sf/0f :jfy{ / t[i0ff xf] . ah|ofg dxfofgeGbf klg a9L dxfg\ qmflGtsf/L ofg xf] . o;sf] rof{ / cfr/0f kfng ug{ ;s] lrQnfO{ ah|;dfg dha't ug{ ;lsG5 . eujfg\ a'4sf kfnfdf d"lt{k"hf lyPg . gfufh'{gkl5 dfq ;aeGbf klxn] ufGwf/ cyjf dxf/fi6« ef/tdf d"lt{ :yfkgf ePsf] xf] . of]eGbf klxn] lg/fsf/ :j¿k z"Gotfsf] vfln dfnfhk …ç dl0f kb\d] x'"d\Ú cflb dGqn] pkf;gf x'g] u/]sf] lyof] . kTy/df s'"lbPsf] d"lt{ kl5 uP/ lg:jefjtfdf kl/0ft eof] . lrQ z'l4 ug]{ dg;fon] u[xTofu u/L leIf' dfu{df bLlIft x'g] k|rng cfof] . olb Xbo z'4 ePdf leIf' alg/xg'kg]{ 5}g eGg] af}4 dtdf w]/} pbfx/0fx¿ 5g\ .

;dfhdf a;]/ g} z"Gotfsf] jf:tljs ;To k|of]u ug{ ;lsG5 . ;+;f/df a;]/ g} dfgjsf] k/LI"f x'G5 . j}/fUo pTkGg eP klg cyjf geP klg j}/fuL g} x'g'k5{ eGg] s'g} afWotf 5}g . ;dfhdf a;]/ g} nf]ssNof0fsf] z"Gotf¿kL ;]jf wd{n] lgjf{0f k|fKt ug{ ;lsG5 . o; hutdf b'MvL x'g] ;+:sf/ g} eO/x]sf] 5 . ef}lts pGgltaf6 Ifl0fs cfgGb ldn] klg b'Mv x6\b}g . cflTds lrGtgsf ljsf;n] dfq dfgj ;d:of :yfoL ¿kn] xn ug{ ;dy{ eO{ lr/zflGt ldNg]5 . lj1fgjfb klg dxfofg bz{gleq ;dfj]z eO/fv]sf] 5 . cjnf]sg ug'{ g} o;sf] sf/0f xf] . cfwf/ geP;Dd e|d pTklQ x'"b}g . lrQ g} lj1fg xf] . lj1fgaf6 hLj, hut pTklQ eof] . t/ Ifl0fsdfq x'G5 . ;w}+ u|fx\o x'"b}g . lj1fgsf] cfljisf/df lrQsf] k|efjaf6 g} ¿k b]lvg cfof] . lrQeGbf cnu lj1fgsf] cl:tTj 5}g . lrQaf6 g} lgjf{0f k|fKt x'G5 clg af]wL lrQaf6 dxfofg bz{g a'em\g ;lsG5 . lrQ cfkm}+ sf/0f xf]Og . sn'lift lrQdf ldYof b[li6sf] sf/0fn] ubf{ lgjf{0f k|fKt x'Gg eg] lgikfk lrQ lgjf{0fsf] sf/0f eGg] s'/f :ki6 5 . oxL af}4 bz{gsf] z"Gojfb eof] .

gd:sf/ †

ljb'/ s]= ;L=

;x;lrj laxfg gf} ah] dGqfno k'Ug'eof] . ;lrjsf] sf]7fdf l5g'{eof] . zfgbf/ s';L{lt/ b[li6 km\of"Sb} eGg'eof]– gd:sf/ †

sf]7f ;kmf ug{ cfOk'u]sf] lkogn] ;x;lrjsf] of] pb\uf/ ;'Gof] . …xh'/n] t l/Qf] s';L{nfO{ gd:sf/ ul/alS;of] lg †Ú lj:do k|s6 u¥of] .

…;Ddfg ug'{k¥of] lg Tof] ul/dfdo cf;gnfO{ nf6f † cfh axfnL ug{ cfpg'x'g] ljlzi6 JolQmTj, s'zn, ;'of]Uo >Ldfg\ ;lrjHo" lj/fhdfg x'g] s';L{ ToxL xf] .Ú

lkogn] ufDeLo{tf a'em]g .

;x;lrj cfkm\gf] sf]7fdf kms]{/ ylRrg'eof] . lj:tf/} c¿ sd{rf/Lx¿ Toxf" em'lDdP . rlr{t ukm ;'¿ eof] .

…xh'/sf] kSs} x'g'kg]{ . b'Mv nfUof] . a'lemof] sfo{;Dkfbg Ifdtf, d"Nof+sgsf] cfwf/ . o:tf] lgn{Hh klg x'"bf]/x]5 .Ú lgs6td clws[tn] ;fGTjgf k|s6 u¥of] .

…gof" cfpg] ;lrj t xh'/eGbf cf7 jif{ h'lgo/===Ú Pp6fn] clen]v k|:t't ug{ yfNof] .

…Tof] dGqfnodf slxNo} sfd gu/]sf], cg'ej} gePsf]nfO{ lsg k7fPsf] xf]nf <Ú csf{n] k|ltlqmof lbof] .

…afkm /] afkm Tof]h:tf] rt'/ sd{rf/L sf] xf]nf † of] dGqfnosf] ah]6 slt 5, s:tf–s:tf sfo{qmdx¿ 5g\, sld;g s;/L n'"8\ofpg ;lsG5, Ps–Ps a'em]/–/f]h]/ oxf" cfPsf] . To;n] ;lrj x'g s:tf] lts8d nufof], slt vr{ u¥of], ;a dnfO{ yfxf 5 . ;/nfO{ lsr]g Soflag]6df kx'"r k'¥ofOlbG5', nufgL ug'{xf];\ eg]sf] dfGg'ePg . gq===Ú

;Qfsf] lgs6 /x]sf] bfaL ug]{ clws[tn] uf]Kotf e+u ug{ tlD;of] .

…Tof] gfd'b e|i6 xf] . To;n] klxn] sfd u/]sf 7fp"df klg e|i6frf/ u/]/ k|z:t s'DNofPsf] 5 . bl08t ul/g'kg]{nfO{ k'/:sf/ †Ú cfGb|fe'"8L s]nfpg cf"6] .

…Toxf"dfq xf]Og cGoq klg o:t} :jR5 5lj gePsf, uGxfPsfx¿ w]/}nfO{ 5flgP5 .Ú cGj]ifs b]vfk¥of] .

…o:tf] lksck k|yfdf 8f]h/ nufpg hfGg'k5{ .Ú a'emSs8 lgSNof] .

…;/nfO{ cGofo k¥of] . d'2f xfNg'k¥of] .Ú ;'emfj cfof] .

…d eP ljbf 7f]s]/ a:y]+ . dsf{ ljrf/ gul/lbP /fhLgfdf lbGy]+ . o;/L nlHht eP/ klg sfd ug'{ †Ú dfld{s s'/f kf]lvof] .

Tof] sf]7fdf b]vf gk/]sf] cd"s sd{rf/Lk|lt ;+s]t ub}{ Pp6fn] kf]n vf]Nof]– …pxf" oxf"sf] ;lrj aGg] ;'O"sf] kfpgf;fy Tof] w'kf}/]rflx" ;lrjsf] 3/df k'u]/ otfsf] ;a s'/f nufO;s]5 . xg'dfg aGg vf]Hg], rDr] .Ú

…sd{rf/L o'lgog p7fP/ l5g}{ glbp" < s;/L sfd ug'{x'"bf]/x]5, b]vfOlbp" <Ú gfoj ;'Aaf uHof]{ .

o:tf jftf{nfk ;'g]/ ;x;lrj d':s'/fO/xg'eof] . P3f/ ah]lt/ lrNnf] sf/ dGqfnosf] kl/;/df k|j]z u¥of] .

…nf}, ;lrjHo"sf] ;jf/L eof] .Ú s;}n] pb\3f]if u¥of] .

…:jfut ug{ hfg'k¥of] . ;'kl/6]G8]G6 ;'Aafn] 38f–dfnf 7Ls u¥of]–u/]g s'lGg †Ú cfjfh 5tf5'Nn eof] .

sd{rf/Lx¿ h¥ofsh'¿s p7]/ lgl:sP . ;x;lrj cGodg:s 6f]nfO/xg'eof] . v'a ;f]Rg'eof] . ;Ifd k|zf;g, ;'zf;g, e|i6frf/ lgoGq0fsf gf/f ;lDemg'eof] . kf"r aHg nfUbf ;lrjsf] sf]7flt/ kfOnf rfNg'eof] . g]d Kn]6df …aflx/Ú ul/Psf] lyof] .

…;lrjHo" stf ldl6ª 5 eg]/ cl3 g} lglSnalS;of] .Ú kLPn] atfof] . 9f]s}af6 s';L{nfO{ k'gM gd:sf/ u/]/ pxf" ljbf x'g'eof] .

/fli6«o ;xdlt, /fli6«o k|lta4tf / ;]gf kl/rfng

k|wfg ;]gfklt k|Hjn zdz]/ /f0ff sflGtk'/ -b}lgs_ ;"u s"lkt x'g'x'G5 . ut ;ftf /fhwfgLsf] ofs PG8 olt xf]6ndf Oh/fonL /fhb"tåf/f cfof]lht Pp6f cf}krfl/s sfo{qmddf pxf"n] To;nfO{ ;fj{hlgs ug'{eof] . pxf"sf] lj/f]w sflGtk'/ b}lgsdf s]xL lbgklxn] pxf"nfO{ p4[t ub{} 5flkPsf] Pp6f ;dfrf/ …x]8nfOgÚ k|lt lyof] . dfcf]jfbL If]qdf hfgsf nflu pxf"n] /fli6«o ;xdlt vf]Hg'ePsf] 5 eGg] k|:t'lt k|lt pxf"sf] cfklQ lyof] . jf:tjdf …/fli6«o ;xdltÚ sf] ;§f pxf"n] …/fli6«o k|lta4tfÚ sf] zt{ /fVg'ePsf] lyof] sl/a b'O{ ;ftfk"j{ ePsf] zfxL ;}lgs clws[tx¿sf] bLIFFGt ;df/f]xnfO{ ug{'ePsf] ;Daf]wgdf . cf}krfl/s klx/gdf pkl:yt b]zsf k|wfg ;]gfkltåf/f JoQm cfklQ l;+xuh{gh:t} lyof] . ;fob Tof] pxf"sf b[li6df c:jfefljs s'/f xf]Og xf]nf .

Ps jif{eGbf a9L ;dob]lv dfcf]jfbL IF]qdf ;]gf kl/rfng x'g'k5{ of kb{}g egL of] b]zdf rn]sf] ljjfbdf zfxL ;]gfn] s'g} g s'g} tl/sfn] cfkm\gf] /fo k|:t't ub{} cfPsf] 5 . ;]gf kl/rfngh:tf] hl6n ljifodf /fli6«o ;xdlt x'g' of dflug' cfkm}+df gfhfoh s'/f xf]Og . s;n], s'g ¿kn] cyjf s'g kmf]/d / p2]Zoaf6 dfu]sf] xf] To;sf] ljZn]if0f Hofbf dxŒjk"0f{ s'/f xf] . ;]gf kl/rfng, rfx] Tof] PSnf] lg0f{o xf];\, rfx] PsLs[t ljsf; tyf cfGtl/s ;'/Iffsf gfddf xf];\ To;af/] /fhgLlts g]t[Tj / ;}lgs g]t[Tj aLrsf] dte]b ;fj{hlgs gePsf] klg xf]Og . dlGqd08ns} ;b:ox¿n] ;]gfsf] cfnf]rgf gu/]sf klg xf]Ogg\ . /, d+l;/ dlxgfdf k7fPsf] PsLs[t cfGtl/s ljsf; tyf ;'/Iff cjwf/0ffdfly /fhfaf6 rf/ dlxgfkl5 dfq :jLs[lt ePsf] ;dfrf/ klg /fhgLlts If]qaf6 ;fj{hlgs ePsf] 5 . JofVof klg ljleGg lsl;dn] ePs} 5 .

;]gfkl/rfngsf] ;d]t of]hgf /x]sf] pQm cjwf/0ffdf /fhb/af/sf] :jLs[lt l9nf] u/L cfpg'df ;]gfn] ljleGg ;dodf rfx]sf] /fli6«o ;xdlt aGg g;Sg' klg Pp6f sf/0f dflgPsf] 5 .

t/, pQm cjwf/0ffn] :jLs[lt kfPkl5sf] cj:yfdf k|wfg ;]gfkltn] lbg'ePsf] bLIFFGt efif0fdf /fli6«o ;xdltsf] ;f6f] /fli6«o k|lta4tf lsg vf]lhof] t < cfkm}+df ljjfbsf] ljifo aGg k'u]sf] 5 . /fli6«o k|lta4tfnfO{ pQm bLIFFGt efif0fdf kl/eflift of JofVof ul/Psf] 5}g . t/, /fli6«o k|lta4tf ;DejtM jt{dfg ;/sf/sf] k|lta4tfdf ;Lldt 5 eGg vf]lhPsf] lgZro klg xf]Og xf]nf .

jt{dfg ;/sf/sf] g}lts cflwsfl/stf, /fhgLlts / hg–;dy{g 36\bf] 5 . k|wfgdGqL lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnf e|i6frf/;DaGwL 5fglagsf] ljlwjt\ ¿kdf Pp6f k|d'v kfq aGg'ePsf] 5 . pxf"sf] cflwsfl/stfdfly d'Vo k|ltkIF bnx¿n] k|Zg p7fPsf 5g\ . ;]gfsf] kl/rfng ;DaGwdf pgLx¿n] cfklQ hgfPsf 5g\ . clg ;]gf kl/rfng clxn]sf] /fhgLlts ;+s6af6 sf]O/fnf pDsg] k|of;sf ¿kdf x'g'x'"b}g eGg] klg pgLx¿sf] dfGotf 5 .

…;xdltÚ / …k|lta4tfÚ df k|wfg ;]gfkltn] h] h:tf] cGt/ b]vfpg] sf]lzz u/] tfklg ;]gfn] zfxL ;]gf kl/rfngaf/] ljleGg ;dodf p7fPsf k|Zgx¿ ;fwf/0f¿kdf k|:t't ubf{ lgDgk|sf/sf 5g\–

-s_ s] dfcf]jfbL ;d:of /fli6«o ;d:of xf] <

-v_ xf] eg] To;df /fli6«o ;xdlt -ca /fli6«o k|lta4tf_ jf~5gLo 5}g <

-u_ k|zf;gdf bnut /fhgLltsf] u|x0f nfu]sf] 5 . ;]gfsf] kl/rfngdf /fhgLlt k|]l/t lhNnf k|zf;gsf] s:tf] e"ldsf x'g'k5{ <

-3_ s'g cj:yfdf ;]gfn] g]kfnLx¿dfly xltof/ p7fpg'k5{ <

-ª_ hf;';L ;+:yf -OG6]lnh]G; g]6js{_ sdhf]/ ePsfn] ;]gfkl/rfng x'"bf /fhgLlts bnsf sfo{stf{x¿ xtfxt ePdf ;DalGwt /fhgLlts bnx¿n] s;/L k|ltlqmof JoQm unf{g\ <

;DejtM oL s'/fx¿nfO{{ Wofgdf /fv]/ g} /fli6«o ;xdlt vf]lhPsf] lyof] / lgZro g} /fli6«o k|lta4tf vf]lh+bf klg oL k|Zgx¿sf] pQ/ vf]lhg' c;fGble{s x'g]5}g .

g]kfndf ;]gf ;w}+ /fhfsf] cfb]zdf kl/rflnt ePsf] k/Dk/fnFO{ s]nfp"bf clxn]sf] ax;nfO{ c:jfefljs eGg ldNb}g . k|hftflGqs ;+ljwfgkl5 Tof] clwsf/ ;'/Iff kl/ifb\df uPsf] 5 . ;+ljwfgsf] k|fjwfgcg';f/ ;]gf kl/rfng ug{] cfb]z glbO{ To;af/] ax; ;'? u/]/ ;/sf/n] To;af/]sf] ljjfb rs{gdf c¿ d2t k'¥ofPsf] 5 eGg'df cTo'lQm gxf]nf . t/, k/Dk/f;"u ;+ljwfg afem]df lgZro g} lht ;+ljwfgsf] x'G5 .

;]gf Pp6f n8fs" ;+:yf xf] . n8\g'kg{] cj:yfsf] k[i7e"lddf p;n] cfkm\gf] / zq'kIfsf] t'ngfTds tfut / sdhf]/Lsf] n]vfhf]vf ub{} /0fgLlt tof/ u/]sf] x'G5 . g]kfndf …k|hftflGqs bnx¿Ú leq dxŒjk"0f{ ljifox¿df 5nkmn / jfbljjfb x'g] k/Dk/f gag] tfklg ;DejtM ;]gfleq jfbljjfb / ax;nfO{ k|f]T;fxg ul/G5 Pp6f ;Ldfleq / vf; p2]Zosf nflu . l;4fGttM ;]gfsf] sdfG8 …s]Gb|Ls[tÚ x'G5 / k|hftflGqs /fhgLlts ;+:yfsf] …ljs]Gb|Ls[tÚ . t/, s]Gb|Ls[t g]t[Tj eP klg ;]gf kl/rfng x'g'k"j{ k"0f{ ljZjf;sf ;fy ;}lgsx¿ n8"g\ eGg] l:ylt l;h{gf ug{ / pgLx¿df cfTdljZjf; a9fpg ;+:yfleq jfbljjfb, ax; / k|Zgf]Q/sf >[+vnf rNg] u5{g\ . To; qmddf zfxL ;]gfleq /fli6«o ;xdlt / /fli6«o k|lta4tfsf] k|Zg, To;sf] cf}lrTo / ;fGble{stfaf/] k|Zgx¿ p7]gg\ eGg ;ls+b}g . t/, Tof] r/0fkl5 cyf{t\ ;]gfnfO{ cfb]z cfPkl5 k"j{df ePsf jfbljjfb lg/y{s x'g hfG5g\ . …sdfG8Ú ;jf]{kl/ x'ghfG5, /fli6«o ;xdlt xf];\ of gxf];\, /fli6«o k|lta4tf xf];\ of gxf];\ .

dfcf]jfbL If]qx¿df ;]gf kl/rfngsf] k|lqmof ;'? eO;s]sf] 5 . ;Qfwf/L kf6L{df klg To;sf] cf}lrToaf/] dte]b 5 . k|d'v k|ltkIFL bnn] ;]gf kl/rfngsf] lj/F]w u/]sf] 5 . /fli6«o ;xdlt / /fli6«o k|lta4tfsf dd{ / cy{ a]Unfa]Un} x'g;S5g\ t/ s] clxn] ;]gf kl/rfng;DaGwdf /fli6«o k|lta4tf b]lvPsf] 5 t <

uf}td a'4sf pkb]zx¿sf] k|F;ª\lustf

s[i0f afp;]

…=== d tkFO{+x¿nfO{ Pshgf o:tf JolQmsf af/]df s]xL s'/f eGg rfxG5', h;n] sd{of]usf pkb]zx¿nfO{ jf:tjd} Jojxf/df ptf/] . tL JolQm a'4 x'g\ . pgL o;s'/fnfO{ k"0f{¿kn] Jojxf/df ptfg{] Psdfq k'?if x'g\ . a'4afx]s ;+;f/df b]vfk/]sf ;a} k}uDa/x¿ aflx/L sf/0faf6 k|]l/t eP/ lgisfd sd{lt/ a9] === . t/ a'4 sf/0flag} sfd ug{] cfbz{ sd{of]uL x'g\ / dfgjtfsf] Oltxf;n] pgnfO{ clåtLo dxfk'?ifsf] ¿kdf k|:t't u/]sf] 5 . pgL ct'ngLo 5g\ . x[bo / dl:tisnfO{ ;dGjo ug{;Sg] pgL ;dfgsf] csf{] JolQm cfh;Dd hGd]sf] 5}g . pgdf cfTdzlQmsf] k|sfzg h'g dfqfdf ePsf] lyof], To; dfqfdf c¿ s;}df slxNo} klg ePsf] 5}g .Ú

uf}tda'4sf nflu JoQm ePsf] of] pb\uf/ xf], ljZj ljVoft of]uL :jfdL ljj]sfgGbsf] .

cfheGbf @%$$ jif{cl3 jt{dfg g]kfnsf] slknj:t' lhNnfdf kg{] n'lDagLdf j}zfvk"l0f{dfsf] lbp";f] ! 38Lsf] ;FOtdf /fhf z'4f]wgsf h]i7 k'qsf ¿kdf hGd lnPsf l;4fy{ cfh uf}tda'4sf] gfdn] ;+;f/e/ o;/L g} k|z+l;t / k"lht 5g\ . pgn] ue{k|j]z ug{'cl3 dftf dfofb]jLn] cfkm\gf] ue{df ;]tf] xfQLn] k|j]z u/]sf] ;kgf b]v]sf] / dfOtlt/ lx+l8/x]sL dfofb]jLnfO{ s'g} si6 geO{ n'lDagL au}+rfdf l;4fy{sf] hGd x'gf;fy pgL s]xL kfOnf lx+8]sf] h:tf cfVofgx¿sf] ;Totf h] eP klg afns l;4fy{ dxfk'?ifdf x'g] hGdhft nIf0fx¿af6 ;';DkGg lyP eGg] s'/f ;j{:jLsfo{ eO;s]sf] 5 .

l;4fy{ hGd]sf] ;ftf}+ lbgd} dftf dxfdfofb]jLsf] k/nf]s ePsf] lyof] . ;fgLcfdf uf}tdsf] x]/rfxsf sf/0f pgnfO{ dft[:g]xsf] cefj ePg . ;'v;onsf ;fy o'jf x'"b} uPsf /fhs'df/ l;4fy{ !^ jif{sf x'gf;fy Pp6} ;fOtdf hGd]sL ozf]w/f;"u ljjfxaGwgdf af"lwg k'u] . l;4fy{sf] hGd x'"bf Hof]ltifLx¿n] /f]uL, j[4 / zj b]v]df afnsdf j}/fUo cfpg;Sg] eljiojf0fL u/]sfn] /fhf z'4f]wgn] ;'?b]lv g} /fhs'df/sf] ;'v;onsf] clwstd Joj:yf ul/lbPsf lyP . km]l/ ;'Gb/ / zLnjtL /fhs'df/L;"u hf]8f af"lwPkl5 dg e8\lsg ;Sg] s]xL ;Defjgf klg af"sL g/x]sf] ljZjf; /fhfn] lnPsf x'"bfx'g\ . geGb} ljjfxf]k/fGtsf !# j;Gtx¿ /fhs'df/n] cfgGbk"j{s JotLt klg u/] . t/ rf/rf/ dlxgfdf cfgGbk"j{s pBFgdf ljr/0f ug{] ;do tflnsf cg';f/ e|d0fdf lg:s]sf a]nf o;k6s eg] l;4fy{sf] gh/df Pp6f /f]uL JolQm, Pp6f j[4 / Pp6f nf;sf] b[Zo kg{ cfof] . o; b[ZonfO{ b]Vg' s] lyof], pgsf] dgdf dfgjsf oL b'/j:yfk|lt tLj| lh1f;f eof] / ha c¿x¿af6 pgn] …;a} dfG5]n] Pslbg o:tf] cj:yf ef]Ug'k5{Ú eGg] hjfkm kfP, ta pgL cToGt b'MvL eP/ b/af/ kms{] .

;+of]u klg s:tf] † otf b/af/df eg] ToxL lbg pgnfO{ k'qk|FKt ePsf] /x]5 . t/, Tof] s'/f yfxf kfp"bf pgL v';L x'g'sf] ;§f cem b'MvL / lj/Qm eP . k'q k|FlKtsf] 36gfnfO{ pgn] b'Mvsf] ;fu/af6 cfkm"nfO{ pDsg glbg] csf{] Jojwfgsf] ¿kdf lnP . pgsf cufl8 dfgjhfltnfO{ b'Mvaf6 d'lQm lbg] af6f] kQf nufpg] si6s/ dfu{df nfUg] ls k'q, kTgL / /fh;'vsf] ef]u ub{} cfgGbk"j{s hLjg JotLt ug{] eGg] k|Zg v8f lyof] . lg:jfy{ nf]ssNof0fsf k|ltd"lt{ ePsfn] pgnfO{ bf];|F] ljsNkn] cfs[i6 ug{;s]g . ToxLlbg dfq hGd]sf k'q /fx'nsf] d'v Psk6s x]/]/ dWo/ftdf cfkm\gf ldq 5q;f/yLnfO{ ;fydf lnO{ @( jifL{o l;4fy{ /fhdxnaf6 aflxl/P . o; 36gfnfO{ af}4 ;flxTodf dxflelgiqmd0f eGg] ul/G5 .

jf:tjdf of] 36gf /fhs'df/ l;4fy{ eujfg\ uf}tda'4 aGg] dfu{sf] k|:yfgljGb' lyof] . b/af/ 5f8]kl5 cgf]df gbLsf] lsgf/df k'u]/ pgn] skfn d'08g u/fO{ leIf'sf] ¿k wf/0ff ug{] lqmof ;DkGg u/] . To;kl5 cfkm" r9]/ cfPsf] 3f]8f / ;f/yL 5qnfO{ b/af/ kmsf{P/ pgL PSn} h+unlt/ nfu] . ;ftlbgkl5 leIFf6g ug{ egL h+unaf6 lg:s"bf pgL /fhf lalDa;f/sf] b/af/df k'u], hxf" pgnfO{ cfwf /fHo lbg] k|:tfj;d]t eof], t/ /fhfsf] pQm k|:tfjnfO{ a]jf:tf u/]/ pgL km]l/ h+unlt/} nfu] . Toxf" pgn] ^ jif{;Dd sl7g tk:of u/] . To;n] pgnfO{ 1fg t k|FKt ePg t/ zf/Ll/s¿kdf sdhf]/ agfO d"5f{ kg{] cj:yfdf eg] k'¥ofof] . ca si6s/ dfu{af6 a'4Tj k|FKt x'g g;s]sf] 7x/ u/L pgL cfxf/ ;]jg ug{ yfn] . olQs}df pgL #% jif{sf] pd]/df k'u] / j}zfv k"l0f{dfsf] ;f"em ;j{1a'4 geP;Dd cf;g g5f8\g] ;+sNksf ;fy pgL af]lwj[IF ;fd' k§n s:g k'u] . ;f"Rg} g} To;kl5 ;+sNkcg'¿k pgnfO{ a'4Tj k|FKt eof] . Sn]z/lxt / ;j{1ftfsf] x}l;otdf k'u]kl5 b'O{ dlxgf otfptf ljxf/ u/L cGTodf cfiff9 k"l0f{dfsf lbg pgn] cfkm\gf] hLjgsf] k|yd pkb]z u/] .

eujfg\ uf}tda'4sf] pkb]znfO{ wd{rqm–b]zgf elgG5 . pgn] $% jif{;Dd ljleGg 7fp"sf] e|d0f u/L pkb]zx¿ ul//x] . cGttM s'zLgu/sf] ;fnsf] h+undf pgsf] b]xfj;fg eof], h;nfO{ af}4;flxTodf dxfkl/lgjf{0f elgG5 .

l;4fy{ uf}td k/f]ksf/L, s?0ffzLn / TofuL dxfk'?if ePsfn] pgn] dflg;x¿nfO{ b'Mvaf6 d'lQm lbg] k~rzLnsf l;4fGtsf] k|ltkfbg u/] . xTof ug{], rf]/L ug{], Jolerf/ ug{], em'6f] af]Ng]h:tf s'sd{x¿ s'g} xfntdf klg ug{' x'"b}g / dfG5]sf] dlt e|i6 ug{] vfglkgaf6 cjZo g} aRg'k5{ eGg] g} k~rzLnsf] cfzo xf] . o;sf ;fy} ss{ztf, lgGbf, 3[0ff, nf]e / jsjf; dfG5]n] TofUg'kg{] cju'0fx¿ x'g\ eg]/ pgn] cfkm\gf pkb]zx¿df eg]sf 5g\ . ;Dos\¿kaf6 ljrf/ u/]/ dfq sfd ug"{ eGg] s'/fdf klg pgsf] hf]8 5 . jf:tjdf o;f] x'g ;s]df ;+;f/df htftt} zflGt g} x'g]5 . zflGt ePkl5 g} dfgjtf df}nfp"5 . zflGts} cfnf]sdf dfgjdfqn] of] nf]s / k/nf]s ;kfg{ ;S5 . ctM a'4hoGtLsf] o; kfjg cj;/df ;a}nfO{ a'4sf pkb]zx¿n] ;b\1fg\, ;b\ljrf/ / ;b\dfu{ k|bfg u¿g\ .

l;Gw'kfNrf]ssf bg'jf/ M k9fO l9nf], lax] l56f]

/]jtL ;fksf]6f

km6\s]Zj/ k|fylds ljBfno km6slznfdf Ps jif{cl3 …/fd|F] k9\g]Ú ljBFyL{sf] ¿kdf lrlgg] /Tgnfn bg'jf/ clxn] sf7df8f}+df cfkm"nfO{ …s'NnLÚ sf] ¿kdf lrgfp"5g\ . rf/ sIffdf …;]s]G8 AjfO{Ú /Tgnfnn] uPsf] d+l;/df ljBfnosf] k/LIFF lbPgg\ . wfg sf6]/ k};f sdfpg eQmk'/ uP . pgnfO{ k9fpg] lzlIFsf a'Gg' ljBFw/ …/Fd|f] ljBfyL{Ú n] k9fO 5f8]sf]df lvGgtf k|s6 ub{} elG5g\– …Tolt /fd|F] k9\g] ljBfyL{ hf"r lbg} cfPg .Ú !& jifL{o /TgnfnnfO{ ca sf7df8f}+df …s'NnLÚ / ufp"df …xnLÚ sf] ¿kdf dfq} lrGg ;lsG5 .

l;Gw'kfNrf]s lhNnfsf] eLd6f/, km6slznf, Hofld/], d]nDrLsf] ;]Nn] / ef]6]gfDnfªsf] ltk]gL nufotsf ufp"sf clwsf+z bg'jf/ s]6fs]6L ljBfno guP/ /f]huf/Lsf] vf]hLdf ;x/ ahf/df ef}tfl/G5g\ . Toxf"sf cleefjs cfkm\gf 5f]/f5f]/LnFO{ k9fpg'k5{ eGg] r]tgf klg 5}g . pgLx¿sf] egfO 5– …xfdLn] gk9\bf eof], 5f]/f5f]/Ln] lsg k9\g'k¥of] <Ú

eljiok|lt pbf;Lg b]lvg] oxf"sf cleefjsx¿n] cfkm\gf 5f]/f5f]/LnfO{ /f]huf/Lsf] vf]hLdf ;x/ k7fpg], rf"8f] ljjfx ul/lbg] / 3/fo;L sfddf nufpg] u5{g\ . ljBfno k7fpg]nfO{ klg l9nf] egf{ ul/lbg], ljBFno k7fp"bf efOalxgLnfO{ ;"u} af]sfP/ k7fOlbg] / ;dodf vfgfsf] Joj:yf gldnfOlbgfn] Toxf"sf afnaflnsfn] ljBFno uP/ k9\g ;ls/x]sf 5}gg\ . s]xL 7fp"df eg] efiffsf] ;d:ofn] klg ljBfno uPsf afnaflnsf lar}df k9fO 5f]8\g] u/]sf 5g\ . eLd6f/ uflj;sf k"j{ cWoIF lbnaxfb'/ bg'jf/sf] egfOdf cleefjsn] rf;f] gb]vfPsf sf/0f Toxf"sf afnaflnsf ljBfno guPsf x'g\ .

cljefjsdf b]lvPsf] ul/aLsf] kL8f afnaflnsfn] k|ToIf ¿kdf ef]lu/x]sf] kFOG5 eLd6f/df . uflj; cWoIf s[i0fk|;fb e§/fO{ o;nfO{ yk k|:6\ofp"b} eG5g\– …afx| dlxgf vfg k'Ug] kf"r k|ltzt dfq} 5g\, (% k|ltzt bg'jf/nfO{ cfkm\gf] v]taf/Ldf pTkflbt cGgn] vfg k'Ub}g .Ú o:tf bg'jf/x¿ w]/} hUuf x'g] ufp"n]x¿sf] v]taf/Ldf sfd ug{ uOlbPafkt\ kfpg] Hofnfaf6 hLljsf]kfh{g u5{g\ .

cljefjsdf r]tgfsf] sdL, cfly{s sdhf]/L / vfgf vfg] ;dofsf] k|lts"ntf g} k9\g rfxg] afnaflnsfsf] nflu afws alg/x]sf] 5– tLg xhf/eGbf a9L bg'jf/ hfltsf] a;f]af; /x]sf] eLd6f/df . To; ufp"sf dflg;x¿ laxfg;a]/} cf–cfkm\gf] sfddf hfg] / lbp";f] !@ ah] vfgf ksfP/ vfg] ub{5g\ . laxfg vfhf vfP/ ljBfno hfg] ljBfyL{x¿ dWofGt/df vfgf vfg 3/ uPkl5 ljBfno kms{g]sf] ;+Vof lgs} sd x'g] s'/f eLd]Zj/ lgdfljsf k|wfgfWofks OGb|axfb'/ zfxLsf] egfO 5 .

l9n} eP klg ljBfno egf{ x'g] bg'jf/ afnaflnsfsf] ;+Vof a9]sf] 5 t/ cfkm\g} pd]/n] cfkm}+nfO{ lbSs t'NofP/ ljBfno 5f]8\g]x¿sf] ;+Vof Tof] eGbf a9L 5 . !@ jif{df ljBfno egf{ ePsf] ljBFyL{n] lgoldt k|fylds lzIff k"/f ubf{ p;sf] pd]/ !& gfl3;S5 . ^ sIffdf csf{] ljBfno :yfgfGt/0f x'"bf p;n] sd pd]/sf ;fyL;"u k9\bf cK7\of/f] dfGg] x'gfn] bg'jf/ ljBfyL{n] aLr}df k9fO 5f]8\g] u/]sf] lzIfs s[i0feQm bg'jf/ atfp"5g\ .

egF{ x'g l9nfO ug{] t 5"b}5, !% jif{ k'u]kl5 ljjfx ul/lbg] rng klg bg'jf/ hfltdf 5 . tf/f, k|]d, /]zd / kfj{tLn] km6slznf dfWolds ljBFno 9f8vf]nfdf ;ft cf7 sIffdf k9\bfk9\b} lax] u/]/ ljBfno hfg 5f]8] . tf/f bg'jf/n] lax] u/]sf] Ps jif{kl5 cf7 sIFfsf] k9fO klg k"/f gu/L k9\g 5f]8]sL x'g\ . kfj{tL, k|]d / /]zd bg'jf/n] ;ft sIffsf] k9fO klg k"/f gu/L lax] u/]kl5 k9\g 5f]8\sf x'g\ . pgLx¿ ;a} km6slznfsf] bg'jf/ hfltdf …wgLÚ eg]/ lrlgg] v8\uaxfb'/ bg'jf/sf 5f]/f5f]/L x'g\ . v8\uaxfb'/n] cfkm\gf 5f]/f5f]/Lsf] lax] ul/lbP/ k9\gaf6 jl~rt u/fPsf] lzIfs s[i0feQmsf] egfO 5 .

To;f] t lzIfs s[i0f eQmn] klg cf7 sIFfdf k9\bfk9\b} )$^ ;fndf lax] u/]sf x'g\ . ^ dlxgf;Dd z+s/b]j SofDk;df k9]/ k/LIff 5f]8]sf s[i0feQm eG5g\– …lax] u/]kl5 k9\g ufx|f] x'"bf]/x]5 .Ú

5f]/f5f]/LnfO{ ljBfno egf{ u/fOlbP/ k9\g] k|]/0ff lbg] eGbf …af]emÚ af]sfP/ lg/fz t'NofOlbg] cljefjs klg bg'jf/ hfltdf k|z:t 5g\ . efOalxgL x]/]/ 3/df a:g'kg{] bg'jf/ / cGo hfltsf afnaflnsfsf] xft ca sf]qmf]af6 lstfasfkLdf nfUg yfn]sf 5g\ efOalxgLnfO{ lk7\o'"df af]s]/ . km6\s]Zj/ k|fljsf] tLg sIffdf cWoog/t s[i0fs'df/ bg'jf/ rf/ jif{sL alxgL af]s]/ ljBfno k'U5g\ eg] ;'ldqf 9sfn / cgLtf 3f]/;fOg] klg tLg rf/ jif{sf efOalxgL af]s]/ ljBfno hfG5g\ .

cljefjsnfO{ ;lhnf] agfOlbP/ cfkm\gf] k9fOdf cj/f]w v]Kg] oL ljBfyL{x¿n] g t cfkm"n] /fd|f];"u k9\g ;s]sf 5g\ g ljBfnonfO{ g} ;xh t'NofOlbPsf 5g\ . km6\s]Zj/ k|fljdf egf{ x'g] ljBfyL{sf] ;+Vof Ps;o @% dfq} eP klg ljBFyL{n] efOalxgL af]s]/ cfp"bf sIff sf]7fdf a:g]sf] ;+Vof Ps;o ^) ;Dd k'Ug] u/]sf] lzIfsx¿ atfp"5g\ . l9nf] egf{ x'g] ljBfyL{x¿ g} o;/L efOalxgL af]s]/ ljBfno hfG5g\ .

ljBfnosf sIffsf]7fdf ljBFyL{ /fVg] ;d:of eP klg k9\g hfg] …/x/Ú afnaflnsfdf / k9\g k7fpg] …cleofgÚ cljefjsdf a9\b} uPsf] 5 . km6\s]Zj/ k|fljdf kf"r jif{cl3 lgoldt k9\g cfpg] ljBfyL{sf] ;+Vof tLghgf /xg] u/]sf] lzlIfsf a'Gg' ljBfw/ atfp"l5g\ . pgL elG5g\– …c¿n] egf{ u/]sf] b]v]kl5 bg'jf/x¿n] 5f]/f5f]/L ljBfno egf{ u/fpg yfn]sf 5g\ .Ú tLghgf lzIfsn] kf"rj6f sIff tLgj6f sf]7fdf ;~rfng ug{'kg{] afWotf To; ljBfnosf lzIfsx¿nfO{ 5 . ut jif{ eLd]Zj/ lgdfljsf] Ps sIffdf egf{ ePsf Ps;o %! hgf ljBfyL{df kf"r hgf afx]s ;a} bg'jf/ hflts} lyP . t/, of] ;+Vof ;ft sIffdf k'Ubf b'O{ hgfdf ;Lldt x'g k'Ug] s'/f ljutsf cg'ej ;'gfp"b} To; ljBfnosf lzIfsx¿ eG5g\, ljutdf ljBfno egf{ ePsf clwsf+z ljBfyL{x¿n] 3/fo;L sfddf Jo:t eP/ k9\g 5f]8]sf lyP .

…;'?df ljBFyL{nfO{ kf7\ok':tssf] ljifoj:t'eGbf efiff l;sfp"5f}+Ú lzlIfsf a'Gg' ljBfw/ atfp"l5g\– …bg'jf/ efiff ga'em\g] / gaf]Ng] lzIfsn] t oxf" k9fpg} ;Qm}gg\ .Ú lzlIfsf a'Gg' ljBFw/ g]jf/ kl/jf/sL eP klg bg'jf/ efiffdf /fd|F];"u s'/f ug{ ;lS5g\ . km6\s]Zj/ k|fljsf lzIfsx¿sf cg';f/ ljBfnodf k9\g cfpg] ljBfyL{dWo] @) k|ltztn] dfq} g]kfnL efiff a'em\5g\ . g]kfnL efiff ga'em\g] ljBfyL{x¿nfO{ bg'jf/ efiffdf k9fp"bf pgLx¿ cfkm}+n] n]v]sf] g]kfnL cIf/ g]kfnL efiffd} pRrf/0f ug{ hfGb}gg\ . lzlIfsf ljBfw/ ljBfyL{x¿nfO{ b]vfp"b} elG5g\– …tLg rf/ jif{ t logLx¿nfO{ efiff l;sfp"b}df laT5 .Ú

OR5fzlQm eP pkfo lg:sG5 eGg] s'/fnfO{ km6slznfsf sfnLaxfb'/ bg'jf/n] rl/tfy{ u/]/ b]vfO/x]sf 5g\ . cfkm\gf] v]tjf/Ldf pTkflbt cGgn] rf/ dlxgf vfg gk'Ug] sfnLaxfb'/ km6\s]Zj/ k|fljdf tLg sIffdf kl9/x]sf 5g\ . …Hofnfbf/L u/]/ hLljsf]kfh{g ug{]sf 5f]/f5f]/L klg k9\g cfPsf 5g\, wgL kl/jf/sf 5f]/f5f]/Ln] k9\g 5f]8]sf 5g\ .Ú lzIfs s[i0feQm bg'jf/ tf/f / sfnLaxfb'/sf] km/s o;/L g} 5'6\ofp"5g\ . km6slznf uflj;sf] bg'jf/ hfltdf ;a}eGbf klxnf P;=Pn=;L= kf; ug{] s[i0feQmsf efO /fDhL / alxgL wgdfofn] klg P;=Pn=;L kf; ul/;s]sf 5g\ . To; uflj;df clxn];Dd P;=Pn=;L kf; ug{] rf/ hgf bg'jf/dWo] nIdL bg'jf/ dfq} s[i0feQmsf] kl/jf/eGbf aflx/sL l5g\ . km6slznfdf Ps;o ^) 3/kl/jf/ bg'jf/ hflt a;f]af; u5{g\ .

ljZj ;+:s[t ;Dd]ng @)%& M P]ltxfl;s cfof]hgf / dxQd pknlAw

8f= j]0fLdfwj 9sfn

ef/tsf bh{gf}+ ;+:s[t ljZjljBfno, xhf/f}+ ;+:s[t dxfljBfno / # ;oeGbf a9L ef/tLo cfw'lgs ljZjljBFnosf ;+:s[t ljefudf sfo{/t ;+:s[t ljåfg\ Pj+ ljb'ifLx¿sf ;fy} g]kfn, a+unfb]z, kfls:tfg, ?;, rLg, cd]l/sf, Sofg8f, a]nfot, O6fnL, k|mfG;, kf]NofG8 nufot b'O{ bh{geGbf a9L /fi6«x¿sf ;+:s[tsf dgLifLx¿ ;d]t b;f}+ xhf/sf] ;xeflutfdf ljZj ;+:s[t ;Dd]ng–@)%& cfof]lht ePsf] 5 . ef/tsf] /fhwfgL gof" lbNnLsf] lj1fg ejgdf ef/t ;/sf/sf] dfgj ;+;fwg dGqfnosf] ;xof]udf nfnaxfb'/ zf:qL ljZjljBfno gof"lbNnLåf/f @)%& r}t @# ut]b]lv @& ut];Dd cfof]lht pQm kf"r lbg] ;Dd]ng ;+:s[t jfª\dosf] ljsf;, ;d[l4 / cu|ultsf nflu ;dlk{t x'g] jfrfsf ;fy cfw'lgs lj1fg / k|ljlwsf] ;xof]u lnP/ ;+:s[t jfª\dodf lglxt lj1fgr]tgf / k|ljlwr]tgfsf] clwstd pkof]usf nflu cfhsf] ljZjnfO{ clek|]l/t u/]sf] 5 .

dfgj ;+;fwg ljsf; dGqL d'/nLdgf]x/ hf]zLsf] cWoIftfdf ;+rflnt pb\3f6g ;efdef k|d'v cltly ef/tsf k|wfgdGqL c6nljxf/L afhk]oLn] aL=P= cyjf zf:qLtx;Dd cWoog ubf{ klg ;+:s[tdf s'/fsfgL ug{ g;Sg] hgzlQm pTkfbg ug{] xfnsf] lzIFf kl/kf6Lsf] ;§f efiffsf] dfWodaf6 Jofs/0f l;sfpg] lzIF0f kl/kf6L a;fNbf s] x'G5 < o;af/] ljdz{ ug{ cfu|x ug'{ePsf] lyof] . afhk]oLn] ef/tLo ;+ljwfgsf lktf dflgg'x'g] 8f= cDa]8s/nfO{ p4[t ub{} ;g\ !($& df ;+:s[t efiff ;Dk"0f{ ef/tsf] Pstfsf] k|tLs ePsfn] of] ef/tsf] ;femf efiff x'g;Sb5 eGg'ePsf] atfpg'eof] .

pQm cj;/df cWoIFsf] cf;gaf6 dGqL d'/nLdgf]x/ hf]zLn] ;+:s[tsf] uf}/j, ;+:s[t u|Gy/flzdf lglxt ckl/ldt 1fge08f/, lj1fg Pj+ k|ljlw, ;+:s[tefiffsf] ;fj{sflns hLjGttf / ljZj ;+:s[t ;Dd]ngsf] dxŒjaf/] k|sfz kfb{} ;+:s[tsf] ;+/IF0f, ljsf; / cg';Gwfgsf nflu b]zL / ljb]zL ;xefuLx¿;dIf ljgd| cfu|x ug{'ePsf] lyof] . ljZj ;+:s[t ;Dd]ng @)%& sf] cfof]hs ;ldltsf cWoIF / ef/tsf k"j{ k|wfgGofofwLz >L /¨gfy ld>n]– …;+:s[t efiff kl5 gkf/f}+Ú eGg'eof] . pxf"sf] of] dGtJo klg Hofb} dd{:kzL{ / pTk]|/s /x\of] .

pQm sfo{qmddf ;xefuLx¿sf tkm{af6 hd{gsf jof]j[4 / 1fgj[4 k|FWofks k|m]8l/s ljnxdsf] ;+:s[tdf lglxt 1fg, lj1fg / k|ljlwaf6 ljZjn] ;d[l4 / :yfoL zflGt k|fKt ug{;Sg] af/]df JoQm ug{'ePsf] ljrf/ Hofb} dggLo 5 .

pb\3f6g ;df/f]xkl5 nuQ} lj1fg ejgsf ljleGg ;efuf/x¿df lgDnlnlvt ljifozLif{sx¿df ^ j6f ;d"xdf juL{s[t ;xefuLx¿sf] ;xeflutfdf ljleGg pkj]z ;'? ul/P . oL pkj]zx¿df hDdf ! xhf/ %# ljrf/kqx¿sf] k|:t'lt, l6Kk0fL / ;fd"lxs ljdz{ ul/of] . of] sfd @# ut] dWofx\gb]lv @& ut]dWofx\g;Dd g} hf/L /x\of] . tL zLif{s o;k|sf/ 5g\– -!_ ljZj ;Eotf / ;+:s[ltsf] ;d'Tyfgdf ;+:s[tsf] of]ubfg, -@_ ;+:s[t / 1fgsf kl/lwx¿, -#_ ;+:s[t / ;fdlos ;d:of, -$_ ;+:s[tsf gjLgtd lzIf0fljlw, -%_ ;+:s[t / cg';Gwfgsf gof" If]qx¿ / -^_ ljZjsf ;+:s[t kf08'lnlk .

pQm ljZj ;+:s[t ;Dd]ngdf g]kfnaf6 dx]Gb| ;+:s[t ljZjljBfnosf] k|ltlglwsf ¿kdf pks'nklt cfrfo{ k"0f{rGb| 9'¨]nn] efu lng'ePsf] lyof] . cfdlGqt ;xefuLsf ¿kdf afNdLls ljBfkL7sf k|F=8f= Clif/fd kf]v/]n / k|f=8f= j]0fLdfwj 9sfn u/L b'O{hgfsf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] . pQm cj;/df k|F=8f= Clif/fd kf]v/]nåf/f ;+:s[t / ;fdlos ;d:of zLif{sdf / k|F= 8f= j]0fLdfwj 9sfnåf/f g]kfnsf k|frLg Pj+ b'n{e ;+:s[t kf08'lnlk zLif{sdf ljrf/kqx¿ k|:t't ul/Psf lyP . g]kfndf ;+:s[tk|jfx / g]kfnsf cd"No ;+:s[t kf08'lnlkdf cfwfl/t pQm ljrf/kqx¿af6 ljZjsf ljleGg /fi6«sf ;xefuLx¿ / ef/tLo ;xefuLx¿n] ;xif{ k|flKtaf]w u/]sf lyP .

r}t @& ut] lbp";f] # ah]b]lv ef/tsf k"j{ /fi6«klt a]+s6/fdgsf] k|d'v cfltYo, hd{g ljåfg\ k|m]8l/s ljnxdsf] cWoIFtf / 8f= s0f{l;+xsf] ;flGgWodf ;+rflnt ;dfkg sfo{qmddf ljrf/kq k|:t'lt, ;dLIff, zf:q kl/rrf{ ljrf/ljdz{åf/f lgsflnPsf lgisif{sf] cfwf/df PSsfO; ;"qLo k|:tfj k|:t't ul/of] . k|:t't k|:tfjnfO{ ;efuf/df cjl:yt ;Dk"0f{ ;xefuL ljåfg\x¿n] Wjlgdtåf/f cg'df]bg u/] . tL k|:tfj o;k|sf/ 5g\–

-!_ ef/tLo efiffx¿sf] ;d[l4 / ljsf;df dfq geP/ Pl;of / o'/f]ksf efiffx¿sf] ljsf;df ;d]t ;+:s[tsf] ;bfjxf/ of]ubfg /x]sf] 5 eGg] s'/f ef/tLo ljBFsf cWo]tf kf}/:To Pj+ kfZrfTo dgLifLx¿n] eGb} cfPsf 5g\ . pQm kl/k|]Iodf ;+:s[t efiffn] ljZjefiffsf ¿kdf ;Ddfgk"0f{ :yfg kfpg'kb{5 .

-@_ k|fljlws / j}1flgs cfljisf/sf sf/0f jt{dfg ljZj b'|tt/ ultdf ;f"3'l/+b} Pp6f s'6'Dasf] ¿kdf kl/0ft x'g] k|lqmofdf cu|;/ 5 . ;+:s[tnfO{ pQm ljZjkl/jf/sf] kfl/jfl/s efiffsf] ¿kdf :yfg lbnfpg ;Da4 ;+:yf / ;Da4 JolQmx¿ sl6a4 eP/ nfUg'kb{5 .

-#_ sDKo'6/ k|of]usf nflu ljZje/sf ;a} efiffeGbf ;+:s[t efiff pkof]uL / pQd 5 . sDKo'6/af6 ;+:s[t efiffsf] cg'jfb cGo efiffdf ;lhn} ug{ ;lsG5 eGg] sDKo'6/ j}1flgsx¿sf] egfO /x]sf] 5 . o;y{ ;f] ;Dd]ng ;+:s[tnfO{ sDKo'6/ efiffsf] ¿kdf k|of]u ug{ cfjZos pks/0fx¿sf] tof/L ug{ ;Da4 j}1flgs Pj+ k|fljlws ;+:yfx¿;"u cg'/f]w ub{5 .

-$_ ef/t ax'eflifs /fi6« xf] . oxf" w]/} lnlk 5g\ / w]/} efiff klg . t/ oxf" Pp6f efiffsf] zflAbs ;+/rgfaf6 csf{] efiffnfO{ nfeflGjt u/fpg lnlks} sf/0f ;Dej eO/x]sf] 5}g . of] ;Dd]ng pQm ;d:ofnfO{ x[boËd u/L ;Dk"0f{ ef/tLo efiffx¿sf] Pp6} ;j{:jLsfo{ lnlk x'g'kg{] s'/fdf hf]8 lbg rfxG5 / To:tf] lnlksf] ljsf; ug{ k|fljlws Pj+ j}1flgsx¿;"u cg'/f]w klg ub{5 .

-%_ ;+:s[t efiff 1fgsf] c;Lldt e08f/sf] ¿kdf /x]sf] 5 . o; eiffnFO{ cem ;d[4 t'Nofpg o;sf] ljZjJofkL ¿kdf k|rf/k|;f/ ug{' k|To]s ef/tLo gful/s / ef/t ;/sf/sf] st{Jo xf] . pQm st{JonfO{ Jojxf/df ptfg{ tn n]lvPsf a'"bfx¿sf] kfng ug{'kg{] s'/f of] ;Dd]ng dx;'; ub{5–

-s_ ;+:s[t jfª\dodf lglxt c;Lldt 1fg/flznfO{ phfu/ u/L To;nfO{ ljZjsf k|To]s dfgjn] ;xh} u|x0f ug{;Sg] t'Nofpg], -v_ ;+o'Qm /fi6«;+3Lo lzIFf tyf ;fdflhs ljsf; sfo{qmd -o'g]:sf]_ ;"u cfa4, ;+:s[t cWoog ;+:yfgsf] :yfkgf u/L ljZjJofkL¿kdf ;+:s[t cWoog–cWofkgsf] Joj:yf ldnfpg kxn ug{], -u_ ljZjsf ;a} /fi6«x¿df ;+:s[t lzIffnfO{ :yfg lbnfpg] sfo{df ;xof]u ug{ /fli6«o Pj+ cGt/f{li6«o ;+:yfx¿nfO{ cg'/f]w ug{] .

-^_ cfhsf] o'udf ;dfh / /fi6«sf nflu 1fgsf gof" gof" If]qnfO{ cfTd;ft\ ug{] hgzlQmsf] vf"rf] 5 . k/Dk/fut ljBf / 1fgnfO{ cfhsf] lj1fg / k|ljlw;"u ;+Zn]if0f u/]kl5 dfq 1fgsf gof" gof" IF]qdf kbfk{0f ug{ ;lsG5 . o;f] ug{ lgZro g} ;+:s[tsf] cWoog / ;+:s[tk|lt ulx/f] cle?lrsf] cfjZostf x'G5 . lsgeg] k/Dk/fut 1fg ;+:s[t efiffsf] hudf g} cfwfl/t 5 . o; tYonfO{ dWogh/ /fVb} of] ;Dd]ng k|To]s lzIF0f ;+:yfgsf Ps sIffb]lv !@ sIff;Dd ;+:s[t efiffsf] clgjfo{ cWoog–cWofkgsf] Joj:yf ug{ / dflysf sIffx¿df klg ;+:s[t k9\g] rf;f] /fVg]x¿sf nflu k|F]T;fxg, 5fqj[lQ / ;'ljwfg k|bfg ug{ ;Da4 lgsfosf] Wofgfsif{0f ug{ rfxG5 .

-&_ ;+:s[t lzIffaf6 pTkflbt hgzlQmnfO{ ;Ddflgt /f]huf/sf If]q / cj;/x¿sf] kof{Kt Joj:yf ePdfq clwstd 5fq–5fqfx¿nfO{ ;+:s[t lzIfftkm{ clek|]l/t ug{ ;lsg] j:t'tYo /x]sf] 5 . t;y{ s]Gb| ;/sf/ / k|FGtLo ;/sf/x¿sf lzIff ljefu, ;+:s[lt ljefu, ko{6g ljefu, snf Pj+ k'/ftŒj ljefu / ;+u|xfno cflbdf To:tf :gftsx¿sf nflu kb:yfkgf ug{] Joj:yf ldnfpg of] ;Dd]ng cg'/f]w ub{5 .

-*_ ;–;fgf ljBFyL{x¿n] klg ;xhtfk"j{s ;+:s[t lzIffnfO{ u|x0f ug{ ;s"g\ eGg] p2]Zon] ;/n ;+:s[tdf cfw'lgs ljlwcg';f/ ;+:s[tsf kf7\ok':ts tof/ u/L cfw'lgs lzIf0fljlwcg';f/ ;+:s[t efiffsf] dfWodaf6 g} ;+:s[t k9fpg] rng rnfpg of] ;Dd]ng cg'/f]w ub{5 .

-(_ ;'b"/ ctLtsfnb]lv clxn];Dd ;+:s[t af]nrfnsf] efiff /lxcfPsf] 5 . o; k/Dk/fnfO{ cem bl/nf] agfpg Jofks¿kdf ;+:s[t ;Defif0f sfo{qmd ;~rfng ul/g'kb{5 .

-!)_ ;+:s[t jfª\do ;a} k|sf/sf ju{, ;d"x, hflt, efiff, wd{, kGy / ;Dk|bfox¿sf kvf{n / 3]/fx¿af6 6f9f /x]sf] ljZjdfgj ;d'bfosf] ;femf ;DklQ xf] . ;a} kIfsf] ;dfg'kflts ljsf; / k|ult o;sf] Wo]o xf] . ;+:s[tsf] o;} ljz]iftfsf sf/0f ef/tLo ;+ljwfgsf lktf dflgg'ePsf 8f= cDa]8s/n] ;g\ !($& sf] ;]K6]Da/df ;+:s[tnfO{ ;Dk"0f{ ef/tLo efiffx¿sf] dfWod efiff agfpg ;lsg] cfkm\gf] cjwf/0ff JoQm ug{'ePsf] lyof] . 8f= cDa]8s/åf/f JoQm ljrf/x¿ / ltgdf lglxt tYox¿sf] k|sfzg Pj+ k|rf/k|;f/ ul/g'kb{5 .

-!!_ ;+:s[tsf] ljsf;sf nflu ;fd"lxs lrGtg / k/fdz{ geO{ gx'g] s'/f x'g\ . ;+:s[tsf] ljsf;k|lqmof, jt{dfg :j¿k / efjL kl/0fltaf/] ;Dk"0f{ lh1f;' / cg';Gwftfx¿nfO{ cjut u/fpg'kg{] cfjZotf klg 68\sf/f] ¿kdf /x]sf] 5 . o;y{ pQm sfo{;Dkfbg ug{ k|To]s jif{ b]zsf lhNnf, k|FGt / s]Gb|df kfn}kfnf];"u /fli6«o ;+:s[t ;Dd]ngsf] cfof]hgf ul/g'kb{5 / k|To]s tLg jif{df cGt/f{li6«o ;+:s[t ;Dd]ngsf] cfof]hgf ul/g'kb{5 .

-!@_ lzIffsf] dxŒjk"0f{ p2]Zo k|To]s gful/ssf Xbodf g}lts d"No, dfGotf / ;Rrl/qtfsf] ;Dk|]if0f u/L k|lti7flkt ug{' xf] . pQm p2]Zosf] k"lt{sf nflu ;+:s[t lzIffsf dxQd pknlAwx¿sf] Jofks¿kdf k|rf/ Pj+ k|;f/ ul/g'kb{5 .

-!#_ ljsf;sf] ;d'lrt jftfj/0f ePdf dfq ;+:s[t jfª\donfO{ ljsf; k|lqmofdf cufl8 a9fpg ;lsG5 . of] ;Dd]ng ;+:s[tk|lt ulx/f] cle?lr /fVg] hg;d'bfo;"u ;+:s[tsf] ljsf;;"u ;';"lrt /xg / ;+:s[t jfª\dosf] ljsf;df ;dlk{t /xg;d]t xflb{s cg'/f]w ub{5 .

-!$_ /fi6«sf] lhDd]jf/ g]t[Tjkª\lQm / hfu?s dgLifLx¿n] ;+:s[t jfª\dosf] cWoog cfhsf] lj1fg / k|ljlwsf] o'udf klg plQs} cfjZos / clgjfo{ ePsf] ts{ cufl8 ;f/]sf 5g\ . pgLx¿sf pQm ts{sf] k'li6 ug{ cfhsf] lj1fg / k|ljlwnfO{ ;+:s[t jfª\dodf cGtlg{lxt lj1fgr]tgf / k|ljlwr]tgf;"u} /fvL t'ngfTds cWoog / k|df0fLs/0f ug{' Hofb} cfjZos ePsf] 5 . o;af6 cfw'lgs lj1fg Pj+ k|ljlw / ;+:s[tsf] aLrdf b]lvg] ;fdLKo ;DaGw phfu/ eO{ ;j{;fwf/0f dfgj ;d'bfo klg ;+:s[tdf lglxt lj1fg / k|ljlw;"u ;Da4 ;d[4 lrGtg/flzaf6 cjut / nfeflGjt x'g]5 . o;sf nflu b'j} kIfsf] uj]if0ff / t'ngf u/L lgisif{;d]t phfu/ ug{] pRrtd ;+:yfgx¿sf] :yfkgf ul/g'kb{5 .

-!%_ ut Ps jif{b]lv ef/tLo ljZjljBfno cg'bfg cfof]un] ;+:s[tsf] ljsf;;"u ;DalGwt s]xL dxŒjk"0f{ lqmofsnfk ub{} cfPsf] 5 . tL o;k|sf/ 5g\–

-s_ ;+:s[tsf c;n lzIfsnfO{ k|bfg ul/g] j]bJof; k'/:sf/sf] :yfkgf, -v_ ljZjljBfno cg'bfg cfof]usf] ;+/IFsTjdf ljleGg ljBfno Pj+ dxfljBfnox¿df ;+:s[t ;Defif0f k|lzIf0f sfo{qmdsf] ;+rfng, -u_ Hof]ltlj{1fgsf] k|of]uk|wfg cWoogsf] z'ef/De / -3_ ;+:s[t lzIf0f ubf{ ;+:s[t efiffnfO{ g} dfWod efiffsf] ¿kdf k|of]u ug{] kl/kf6Lsf] ;'b[9Ls/0f .

of] ;Dd]ng pQm sfo{qmdnfO{ sfof{Gjog ug{ / ;kmn t'Nofpg ;Da4 ;a};"u xflb{s cg'/f]w ub{5 .

-!^_ cfhsf] o'udf s'g} klg efiffnfO{ nf]slk|o t'Nofpg /]l8of] Pj+ l6eL h:tf ;~rf/ dfWodx¿sf] ct'ngLo e"ldsf /xg] s'/f lglj{jfb 5 . of] ;Dd]ng ;Da4 ;a};"u ;+:s[t efiffdf cfwfl/t nf]slk|o sfo{qmd Jofks¿kdf ;~rfng ug{ hf]8bf/ dfu ub{5 .

-!&_ lj1fg, ul0ft, Oltxf;, ;fdflhs lzIff h:tf ljifonfO{ cfw'lgs efiffsf] dfWodaf6 k9fOg] kl/kf6L /x]sf] jt{dfg cj:yfdf tL tL ljifox¿nfO{ ;+:s[tsf] dfWodaf6 k9fpg] lzIF0f ;+:yfx¿ vf]nL ;f] sfo{ ;~rfng ug{] sfddf kxn ug{ of] ;Dd]ng ef/t ;/sf/;"u xflb{s cg'/f]w ub{5 .

-!*_ ;+:s[lt dGqfnosf] ;j{]IF0fcg';f/ ef/tdf dfq %) nfv ;+:s[tsf ck|sflzt kf08'lnlk /x]sf 5g\ . o; cltl/Qm ljZjsf cGo /fi6«x¿df klg To:tf kf08'lnlkx¿ lgs} ;+Vofdf /x]sf] a'lemPsf] 5 . tL ;a} kf08'lnlkx¿sf] j}1flgs k|ljlw c"ufnL ;+/IF0f Pj+ ;Dkfbg ug{ / qmdzM cfsif{s ;Hhfsf ;fy k|sfzg ug{ ef/t ;/sf/nufot ;Da4 ;a};"u cg'/f]w ul/G5 .

-!(_ clwstd ;+Vofdf ;+:s[t efiffdf cfw'lgs ;flxTosf] ;+/rgf ug]{ p2]Zok"lt{sf nflu ;Da4 n]vs Pj+ sljx¿nfO{ k|f]T;flxt ul/g'kb{5 .

-@)_ ljBfnodf ;+:s[t k9fpg] lzIFsx¿ ;+:s[t ljsf; k|lqmofsf d]?b08 x'g\ . ltgn] g} 5fqx¿sf] dfg;k6ndf ;+:s[t lzIffsf] k"0f{ cfwfg ub{5g\ . tL lzIfsx¿sf] ;+nUgtf / of]ubfgsf] ck|ltd d"NojQfnfO{ s;}n] klg gsfg{ ;Qm}g . tL ;Dk"0f{ lzIfsx¿sf ;d:of / cfsfª\Iff;"u kl/lrt x'g' / ltgnfO{ /fd|/L k|F]T;flxt ug{' lgtfGt h?/L x'G5 . t;y{ k|ltjif{ ;+:s[t lzIFfsf] hu dha't agfpg] ljBfno:t/sf tL lzIfsx¿sf] lhNnf:t/df, k|FGt:t/df / /fi6«:t/df klg ;Dd]ngx¿sf] cfof]hgf ul/g'kb{5 .

…ljZj ;+:s[t ;Dd]ng– @)%&Ú nfO{ P]ltxfl;s / ;+:d/0fLo t'Nofpg ;jf{Tdgf ;xof]u ug{] ef/tsf k|wfgdGqL c6nljxf/L afhk]oL, dfgj ;+;fwg ljsf; dGqL d'/nLdgf]x/ hf]zL, lzIff ;lrj >L dxf/fh s[i0f sfjnufot ;Dk"0f{ ;xof]uLx¿k|lt ;Dd]ngn] xflb{s s[t1tf 1fkg u/]sf] lyof] .