cfkm\gf] klxrfg vf]Hg aflx/ x]g{' gk/f];\ †

dl0f/fh pkfWofo

xL ;do eof], b]zsf] ko{6g pBf]udf v8]/L g} k/]h:tf] ePsf] 5 . b]zdf dfcf]jfbLx¿sf] rsf{] lx+;fsf jf/bftx¿n] kftln"b} uPsf] ko{6g Joj;fonfO{ otfsf] cGt/f{li6«o 36gfqmdn] lemgf] g} agfP/ 5f]8]sf] 5 . g]kfnsf] lglDt ljb]zL d'b|f cfh{gsf] Pp6f /fd|} Joj;fosf] ¿kdf cfO;s]sf] ko{6g pBF]usf] v:s"bf] l:yltn] cfly{s IF]qdf lgs} lrGtf a9]sf] 5 . oxL l:yltnfO{ lnP/ g]kfn r]Da/ ckm sd;{sf] ;lqmotfdf /fhwfgLdf Pp6f 5nkmn sfo{qmd ePsf] lyof] . 5nkmndf ;d'b|kf/sf ko{6sx¿ sd x'g yfn]sf] cfhsf] l:yltdf g]kfnn] ef/tsf wfld{s ko{6sx¿nfO{ cfs[i6 ug{] k|of; ug{'kb{5, g]kfn cfpg] ko{6sx¿sf] ;+Vofdf PsltxfO ef/tLo ko{6s g} x'G5g\ eg] g]kfnsf wfld{s :ynx¿df ef/taf6 c¿ a9L wfld{s ko{6sx¿nfO{ leœofpg ;lsG5 eGg] lgisif{ lgsflnof] . o;sf nflu 5nkmnn] ko{6g dGqfnosf] Wofg cfs[i6 ub{} g]kfnsf wfld{s IF]qx¿sf] l:yltdf ;'wf/ / ;xL k|rf/sf] cfjZos b]vfof] . x'g klg g]kfnsf wfld{s :ynx¿sf] ;+/If0f / ;+j4{gdf ko{6g dGqfnon] plrt Wofg lbg] xf] / o;sf wfld{s Pj+ P]ltxfl;s dxŒjsf ;DaGwdf vf]hk"0f{ tYox¿nfO{ k|rf/df NofP/ ef/tLo ko{6sx¿nfO{ cfslz{t ug{] xf] eg] g]kfndf ko{6sx¿sf] slxNo} clgsfn kb}{g . o;sf lglDt ko{6g dGqfnon] cfkm\gf wfld{s Pj+ /fli6«o ;Dkbfx¿nfO{ Jojl:yt / ;+/If0f ug{ klxn] c7f]6 ug{'kb{5 . o; IF]qnfO{ IF'b| /fhg}lts :jfy{af6 cnu pleP/ x]g{'kb{5 / cfkm\gf wfld{s ;Dkbfsf] oy]i6 1fg lng'sf ;fy} /]l8of], 6]lnlehg, kqklqsf, l;g]df cflbaf6 g]kfn / ef/tsf ljleGg ;x/x¿df Jofks k|rf/ x'g'kb{5 . wfld{s ko{6ssf] sdL x'"b}g .

lxdfnosf] sfvdf k|s[ltn] g} /flvlbPsf] o; b]zsf k|To]s ;x/, k|To]s ufp", h+un / kx/fn] ;d]t s'g} g s'g} wfld{s Pj+ kf}/fl0fs ;TotfnfO{ af]s]sf] kfOG5 . sf];L, s0ff{nL, u08sL, jfUdtLx¿sf cfkm\g} wfld{s dxŒj 5g\ eg] dfR5fk'R5]«, wf}nflu/L, cGgk"0f{, uf}l/z+s/ cflb k|To]s lxdfnsf] ;u/dfyfkl5sf] cfkm\g} Oltxf; 5  . k[YjLsf] p4f/ u/]/ bfx|fdf k[YjLnfO{ lnP/ hndo cj:yfdf lg:sg] cflba/fx eujfgsf] oxL+ sf];L c~rnsf] a/fx IF]qdf bz{g kfOG5 . of] lxGb"x¿sf nflu clt dxŒjk"0f{ wfld{s :yn xf] . eujfg /fdn] jgjf;sf ;do ;Ltf / nId0f;lxt af; a:bf w'gL hufpg'ePsf] h+un /fdw'gL oxL" 5 . /fdn] hufpg'ePsf] w'gL cBfjlw ;NsL g} /x]sf] 5, lge]sf] 5}g . Tolta]nfsf] of] w'gLdf ;ldwf sf6\g]x¿n] sf6]/ NofOlbP k'Ub5, cfjZostfg';f/ ;ldwf w'gLdf cfkm}+ ;b{} hfG5g\ . ljb]x/fh hgssf] /fhwfgL oxL" 5, eujtL ;Ltfsf] dfOtL . /fdn] q]tfo'udf tf"bf] r9fp"bf ef"lRrPsf] lzjwg'ifsf] 6'qmf cem} oxf" bz{g ug{ kfOG5 wg'iffdf . lxGb" wd{df k|ofusf] clt dxŒj 5 . oxL" 5– cflbk|ofu u08sL / lqz"nLsf] ;+ud . ;ft kxf8L gbLx¿ ;d]6]/ cfPsL sfnLu08sL / eujfg lzjn] ;d'b|dGygdf lg:s]sf] ljif kfg u/]/ ljifn] kfg{ yfn]sf] c;/n] ubf{ zLtn vf]Hb} pQ/frnlt/ a9\bf uf];fO{ :yfgdf k'u]/ ToxL" lqz"nn] kx/f kmf]/]/ hnwf/ lgsfn]/ kN6g'ePsf] :yfg s'08 g} aGg uPsf] 5 . eQmhgx¿ cem;Dd klg To; s'08df eujfgsf] bz{g kfp"b}5g\ . ToxL"af6 lg:s]sL lqz"nLsf] wf/ ;ft c¿ gbLx¿nfO{ ;d]6]/ gf/fo0fL c~rnsf] b]j3f6df k'u]/ s[i0fu08sL;"u ldn]/ cflbk|ofu s[i0fu08sL / lqz"nLsf] ;+ud agfP/ oxf"af6 gf/fo0fLsf] ¿kn] cl3 al9\5g\ . of] cflbk|ofu tLg c~rnsf] tLg lhNnfsf] klg ;+udh:tf] 5 . lqs"6 eGg x'g] ¿kdf aLrdf ;+ud tLglt/ tLg c~rnsf tLg lhNnfsf 8f"8f 5g\ . sNke]bsf] s'/f xf], u|fx uh]Gb|sf] df]If klg oxL" ePsf] lyof] egL ljåfg\x¿n] atfPsf 5g\ . k|df0fsf] ¿kdf Toxf" xfQLsf kfOnfsf lrGxx¿ gbL lsgf/df 7fp"7fp"df kfOG5g\ . k'n:t Clifsf] tk:of:yn k'nfO{ cf>d oxL" 5 . lxGb"x¿sf] wfld{s u|Gy efujt\n] ls6fgsf ;fy eg]sf] 5, eujfg lbgsf] Psk6s oxf" gcfO{ 5f8\g'x'Gg . oxL /fhf e/tn] tk:of ug{'ePsf] tkf]e"ld xf] / d[u aGbf …gf/fo0fÚ sf] gfd lnP/ k|F0f 5f8\g'ePsf] sfn~h/ jg klg oxL sfnLsf] lsgf/df 5 . …s[i0fsf] t6sf] 9'Ëf] b]jtf sxnfp"5Ú eg]/ sljlz/f]dl0f n]vgfyn] n]Vg' g} ePsf] 5 . bfdf]b/ s'08af6 cfkm\gf] ue{df eujfg lji0f'nfO{ lnP/ au]sL oL gbLsf] wfld{s aofg hlt u/] klg sd x'G5 . ljZjnfO{ zflGt / clx+;fsf] ;Gb]z lbg'x'g] uF}td a'4sf] hGd:yn n'lDagL oxL" 5 . dflg;n] rfx\of] eg] cfkm" eujfg klg aGg ;Sb5 eGg] uf}td a'4nfO{ cfh x/;+k|bfo / x/wd{n] >4fsf] b[li6 /fVb} cfPsf] kfOG5 . bfdf]b/s'08, d'lQmgfy, kz'kltgfysf ;DaGwdf oxf" s]xL n]Vgvf]Hg' ;"o{nfO{ bLk b]vfP/ pHofnf] kfg{ vf]Hg'h:tf] x'G5 . lsgeg] lxGb"x¿sf] dfq xf]Og, k|To]s ;Dk|bfodf ljVoft 5g\ oL :ynx¿ . logsf] wfld{s dxŒjsf ;DaGwdf xhf/f}" lhe|f ePsf z]ifn] klg ufP/ kf/ kfpg ;Sg'ePsf] 5}g . o;/L g]kfnsf wfld{s :ynx¿sf] ;DaGwdf pNn]v g} ub{} hfg] xf] eg] slt ;Dej xf]nf / < lsgeg] dfly ;'?d} elgof], oxf"sf k|To]s kxf8, 8f"8f, y'Dsf, gbL, vf]nf / ufp"sf cfkm\g} lsl;dsf t/ Pssf] eGbf csf{]sf] a9]/ wfld{s Pj+ ;f+:s[lts dxŒj b]vfkb{5 . cyf{t\ wd{nfO{ To;/L af]s]/ a;]sf 5g\ . h'g b]zsf] gbLsf] ue{df eujfg lji0f' zflnu|fdsf] ¿kdf /xg'ePsf] 5 To; b]zsf] wfld{s dxŒjsf] j0f{g g} s;/L ug{] †

t/, b]zdf o:tf tLy{x¿ x'g' g} kof{Kt xf] t < of] k|Zg p7\of] ls dnfO{ rf/}lt/af6 s;}n] tLvftLvf gª\u|fx¿n] 6fpsfb]lv g} lry/]sf] h:tf] nfUb5 . k|Zg ug{ dg nfUb5, xfdL g]kfnL cfkm\gf b]zsf o:tf cdfgtx¿sf ;DaGwdf slt ;hu 5f}" < otfsf] ;dodf xfdLn] ctLtsf o:tf w/f]x/nfO{ ;'/lIFt /fVg] Pj+ ljsf; ug{] lbzfdf slt / s] s] sfo{ u¥of}" < tL k'Vof{}nL w/f}6Lx¿nfO{ tt\tt\ :yfgd} klg cfsif{s agfpg slt slt of]ubfg u¥of}" < xfdLn] ;+ljwfgdf b]znfO{ lxGb"wdf{jnDaL eGg] t 3f]lift u¥of}", o:tf] 3f]if0ff u/]/ xfdLn] ljZjsf cf"vfdf t lxGb"wdL{ eg]/ cfkm"nfO{ lrgfof}" t/ To;afx]s lxGb" wd{sf] ;+/If0f, k|jt{gsf lglDt s] u¥of}", s] ul//fv]sf 5f}" < k"/f klZrd / k"j{sf ufp"x¿ s[lZrog / O:nfd aGbf klg xfdLn] 6'n'6'nL x]l//xg] eGbf a9L s] u¥of}" lxGb" wd{sf nflu <

b'u{d :ynsf tLy{:yn Pj+ dlGb/, d7sf s'/f 5f8f}", kz'kltgfys} dlGb/nfO{ Pp6f cfl:ts lxGb"sf] gh/n] x]/f}" / egf}", t s] o; IF]qnfO{ xfdLn] Pp6f lxGb" dlGb/sf] IF]qsf] ¿kdf /fVg ;s]sf 5f}" < o;sf j/k/sf] jftfj/0f wd{nfO{ k"7 lbg] vfnsf] 5 < c¿ s'/f 5f8f}", kz'kltgfysf] Hoyfsf] ;Dd klg Joj:yf, ;'/Iff ug{ b]zn] /fhgLltaf6 k'm;{t kfpg;s]sf] 5}g . h'g jfUdtLnfO{ eujfgsf jf0fLaf6 k|jflxt elgG5 ltgsf] jxfjdf ;'j0f{sf /];fx¿sf] bz{g kfpg] j[4 Psfw cem} 5"b}5g\, To;nfO{ s'g bzfdf k'¥ofof}" xfdLn] < n'lDagLs} ;DaGwdf egf}", cGt/f{li6«o Toqf] ;xof]u kfp"bf klg xfdLn] To;af6 lghL :jfy{ k"/f ug{ vf]h]/ ljZjdf ab\gfd x'g vf]Hof}" . s] u¥of}" cfkm"n] n'lDagLdf < o;}n] a'4 hGdg'ePsf] n'lDagL Tof] xf]Og, ToxL ;fljt ug{] k|oTgdf nfu]sf 5g\ . Tof] df}sf xfdLn] lbPsf] xf]Og / < cfh, cflbk|ofu elgg] b]j3f6s} s'/f u/f}", Toxf"sf] wfld{s dxŒj, tLy{ Pj+ wfld{s jftfj/0faf6 To;nfO{ x/k|sf/n] la6'NofO"b} 5 . eujfg z+s/sf] lqz"naf6 lg:s]sL lqz"nL sf7df8f}"df jfUdtLsf] eGbf klg g/fd|f] cj:yflt/ a9\b} uO/lx5g\ . ;'?af6} Tolt b"lift agfO"b}l5g\ . s;n] Wofg lbg] < ;/sf/n] b]j3f6 ljsf; ;ldlt u7g u/]/ b]j3f6sf] ljsf; k"0f{ eO;s]sf] 7fg]sf] 5 . ha ls b]j3f6 ljsf; ;ldltn] sd{rf/L kfNg] sfdl;jfo To; tLy{sf] ljsf;sf] IF]qdf l;Gsf] ef"r]sf] 5}g . xf], h+un kmf"8]sf] 5, h+unleq cfkm\gf] ljsf; of]hgf rnfPsf] 5, lkslgs :yn ag]sf] 5 . ;ldlt u7g ug{', sld;g u7g ug{', /fhg}lts c;Gtf]ifnfO{ d'v 6fNg] ;fwg cjZo xf]nfg\ t/ wd{ / wd{sfo{sf] If]qdf o:tf sld;g, hf"r cfof]u, ;ldltn] d'va'hf] nufP/ r'k a:g' cfkm}+nfO{ 7Ug'h:tf] x'G5 lsgeg] of] wd{sf] s'/f xf], /fhgLlt xf]Og, a'em\g'kb{5 .

b]j3f6 ljsf; ;ldlt h'g p2]Zon] ag]sf] 5 To; p2]Zok|lt OdfGbf/ ag]/ To;nfO{ tLy{:ynsf] ¿kdf ljsf; u/]/ lxGb" wdf{jnDaLx¿nfO{ cfs[i6 ug{vf]Hg] xf] eg] ef/tsf] k|ofu, uËfhd'gfsf] ;+udeGbf oxf" ofq'x¿sf] sdL x'g] 5}g . cfjZos wd{zfnfx¿ lj>fdu[xx¿, gbLsf au/df sNkjf;Lx¿nfO{ sNkjf; a:g cfjZos ;/;'ljwfx¿sf] Joj:yf ug{;Sg' cfjZos 5 . k'nx cf>ds} s'/f u/f}", Toxf" ;a} df};ddf rNg] af6f], wd{zfnfx¿sf], cltlyu[xx¿sf] aGbf]a:t ul/lbg ;lsof] eg] wfld{s ofq'x¿sf] cltl/Qm ef/taf6 u/d df};ddf udL{ 5Ng cfpg]sf] klg eL"8 nfUg ;Sb5 . oL ;a s'/fsf nflu ;aeGbf klxn] cfjZos 5, xfdLn] cfkm\gf] b]zkl§ kms{]/ cfkm\gf k'Vof}{nL wfld{s ;f+:s[lts Pj+ P]ltxfl;s w/f]x/nfO{ Pp6f g]kfnLsf] b[li6n] lrGg vf]Hg' / To;df uj{ ug{ l;Sg' . …b'j} xftdf n8\8'Ú eGg] pvfg rl/tfy{ x'G5 . olb >L % sf] ;/sf/ ko{6g dGqfnon] oL wd{:ynx¿sf] Joj:yf ug{;Sof] eg] /fi6«sf tLy{:ynsf] ljsf; Pslt/, csf{]lt/ ko{6g Joj;fo pBf]usf] ljsf; . t/, o;df /fhgLltsf] uGw;Dd klg l5g{ lbg' x'Gg . /fhgLlt x'g yfNof] eg] oL IF]qsf] ljsf;sf 7fp"df ljgfz ;'? x'G5 . o;}n] ko{6g dGqfnon] s]xL ug{] xf] / ko{6g pBf]unfO{ jf:tjdf cl3 a9fpg] xf] eg] ljz'4 Joj;fosf] ¿kdf o;sf] ljsf;sf nflu of]hgf agfcf];\ / To;}df bQlrQ xf]cf];\ . s]xL t u/]/ b]vfcf];\, o;} IF]qdf eP klg . of] gug{] xf] eg] h;/L l6lesf ljb]zL Rofgnx¿sf] /ftlbg k|;f/0faf6 cfh oxf"sf] ;+:s[lt ;dfKt x'"b}5, hGdf]T;jdf s]s sfl6G5g\ / aQL km's]/ c"Wof/f] kfl/G5, dlGb/x¿df bz{g ubf{ em's]/ gd:sf/sf] ;§f Psxftsf] b'O{ cf}"nfn] 5ftL 5'g] / lgwf/ 5'g] ug{ yfn]sf] b]lvG5, ef]ln wfld{s IF]qdf klg oxL /f]u ;b{}g < g;nf{ eGg ;lsGg . o:t} x'"b} uPdf xfdLn] la:tf/} Pslbg cfkm\gf] klxrfg ;a} la;f{}+nf / cfkm"nfO{ c¿sf] ;xf/f lng' gknf{ eGg ;lsGg . o;}n] klg ko{6g dGqfnon] o; IF]qdf cfkm"nfO{ cu|;/ ug{ l9nf] gu/f];\h:tf] nfUb5 .

æxfp; x;a]G8Æ eGg] rng lsg gefÆsf] <

sdnf k/fh'nL

kl/rosf] qmddf eGg'x'G5, …s] ug{], cfkm\gL t >LdtL klg …xfp; jfOkmÚ, cfkm" klg /fhgLlt ug{] 3/ rnfpg ax't d'l:sn 5 .Ú csf{ dxfzo eGg'x'G5, …of] s'/f t ;dod} ljrf/ ug{'k5{, To;}n] d}n] rflx" hflu/] g} lax] u/]sf] x'gfn] 9'Ss 5 .Ú :jf:gLsf] sdfO vfg] nf5L klg dfG5] xf] < eGg] lrGtgn] u|:t k'?ifx¿sf d'vaf6 o:tf s'/f ;'Gbf lgSs} v';L nfU5 . c¿ a]nf h] eP klg o:tf a]nfdf pxf"x¿sf] k'?ifTjsf] bDe rsgfr'/ x'G5 . ;fob, ;dosf] dfu xf]nf, cfhef]ln cln cln n]vk9 u/]sf o'jfx¿ cfk"m xNn]/} lbg latfP klg >LdtL rflx" hflu/] vf]Hg yfn]sf 5g\ . sd ;] sd ;x/L If]qdf / dWodjuL{o kl/jf/df o:tf] kl/l:ylt l;h{gf x'g'n] yf]/} eP klg dlxnfx¿n] 3/aflx/ lg:sg / cfkm\gf] IFdtfsf] klxrfg lbg] cj;/ kfpg yfn]sf 5g\ .

x'g t cem} klg cfly{s ¿kn] ;DkGg geP klg lrGtgsf] lx;fan] ;fdGtL dfgl;stf af]s]sf dflg;x¿ k|z:t} 5g\ . pgLx¿ pTkfbgdf dlxnfx¿ ;xefuL ePsf] dfGb}gg\ . dlxnfn] u/]sf ;Dk"0f{ sfo{nfO{ Pp6} zAbdf ;d]l6G5 …u[xsfo{Ú . tL dlxnfsf] kb x'G5 …u[lx0fLÚ . Pp6L dlxnfn] u/]sf] sfo{nfO{ pTkfbgdf u0fgf u/]/ x]l/"b}g . dlxnfx¿ klg pTkfbgzLn sfo{df ;xefuL eO/x]sf 5g\ . pgLx¿ klg k'?if;/x jf To;eGbf Hofbf bfloTj jxg ug{ ;S5g\ . To;}n] pgLx¿nfO{ klg k'?if;/x cfly{s ;fdflhs / /fhgLlts IF]qdf ;xefuL eP/ cufl8 a9\g] cj;/ lbg'k5{ eGg] s'/fnfO{ :jLsf/ ul/"b}g . o:tf] eGbf csf]{ cy{df eGg] ul/G5– dlxnfx¿ k|lt:kwf{df cfpg ;Sb}gg\ / cf/IF0fsf] vf]hL u5{g\ . t/ jf:tljstf To:tf] xf]Og, a/fa/L of]Uotf, IFdtf ePsf cyjf cem Hofbf IFdtf ePsf dlxnf ;fdg] x'"bfx'"b} klg To:tf] ;fdGtL lkt[;QfTds lrGtg u|:t ePsf sltko 7fp"x¿df ;IFd dlxnfnfO{ ;xfos / cof]Uo k'?ifnfO{ xflsd agfPsf pbfx/0fx¿ klg k|z:t} 5g\ . dlxnf k'?ifsf] ;xof]uL dfq xf] eGg] dfGotf /fVg] dflg;n] gf/Lsf] :jtGq klxrfg / cl:tTjnfO{ lrGg klg ;Sb}g . t/, klg lbglbg} dflg;sf] hLjg:t/ ;Gt'ng ug{ w]/} sl7g aGb} uO/x]sf] 5, h;n] ubf{ kl/jf/sf pd]/ k'u]sf x/]s ;b:ox¿n] s'g} g s'g} lsl;dn] pTkfbgdf ;xefuL aGg}kg{] afWotf l;h{gf ePsf] 5 .

ufp"3/df x/]s dlxnfx¿ …xfp;jfOkmÚ g} x'G5g\ . tL dlxnfx¿sf >Ldfg\ sf]xL ;dfh;]jL x'G5g\, sf]xL /fhgLlt ug{], sf]xL s[ifs . t/ dlxnfsf] kl/ro dfq u[lx0fL cyjf kmnfgfsL >LdtL, l9:sfgfsL cfdf, ltnfgfsL 5f]/L, o:t} o:t} . dlxnfsf] kl/rodf ;fdfGotof /fhg}lts, ;fdflhs kb / k|;+u uf";]/ lrlg"b}g . 3/aflx/ dlxnfsf] h];'s} lhDd]jf/L xf];\ t/ klg 3/leqsf ;Dk"0f{ sfo{x¿ pgLx¿n] g} ;DkGg ug{'kg{] x'G5 . laxfg ;a]/} p7]/ 3/sf] cj:yfcg';f/ lrof, rd]gf, j:t'efp, eftefG;f, 3f";kft, s]6fs]6L / a"9fkfsfsf] /]vb]v wf]OkvfnL, ;/;kmfO / v]taf/Lsf] sfd ;a} s'/f EofPsf] x'G5 . s/];faf/Ldf kmn]sf] t/sf/L vfP/ a9L ePsf] a]lrG5, Tof] k};fn] 3/ rnfpg ;xof]u eO/x]sf] x'G5 . u[lx0fLn] kfn]sf] e}+;Lsf] b"w 3/df vfOG5, a9L ePsf] a]r]/ 5f]/f5f]/Lsf] ljBFnosf] z'Ns ltl/G5 . v]tLdf kmn]sf] wfg, ds}, ux'" OToflbaf6 kl/jf/ rN5 . a9L ePsf] a]lrG5 / 3/Jojxf/ rnfpg ;xof]u x'G5 . cfk\mgf] af/Laf6 hLjg lgjf{x x'g] cj:yf 5}g eg] 3/sf ;a} sfd EofP/ Tof] dlxnf cGoq dhb'/L ug{;d]t hfG5] . sf/0f, ef]s / ul/aLsf] rsf{ kL8f 3/sf] afa'n] eGbf cfdfn] w]/} vKg'k5{ . o;/L x]bf{ cfDbfgLsf] x/]s kIF;"u dlxnfsf] hlt ;+nUgtf x'G5 k'?ifsf] To;sf] cfwf klg x'"b}g . laxfg pHofnf] x'"bf lrof lkP/ ufp"df lgl:sPsf] klt vfgf vfg 3/ cfp"5 . cem slxn] t ljgf ;"rgf cfp"bf klg cfp"b}g . Ps}k6s /ftL 3/df cfp"bf 5f]/f5f]/L lgbfO;s]sf x'G5g\ . w]/}h;f] t lbgel/ 3/df sfd ul//x]sL kTgLnfO{ cfkm\gf] nf]Ug] sxf" hfG5 < s] u5{ < s]xL yfxf x'"b}g . ;f]Wof] eg] klg xKsfO / bKsfO x'G5 . cem hf"8kfgL g} wf]Sg] nf]Ug] 5 eg] t :jf:gL hfaf]n] ;f]wvf]h u/L eg]/ s'6lk6 ;d]t ug{ kl5 kb{}g . clg 3/sf] dflns / ;DklQsf] xsbf/ sxlnPsf o:t} nf]Ug]x¿ km]l/ klg c¿;"u s'/f ubf{ eGg] u5{g\, d 3/d"nL x'", ;dfh;]jL x'", /fhgLlt u5{', d]/L >LdtL rflx" s]xL ulb{g pm dfq …xfp; jfOkmÚ xf] cyjf u[lx0fL xf] .

o:tf] cleJolQm ufp"3/df dfq xf]Og, ;x/ahf/sf cfk"mnfO{ slyt k9]n]v]sf] / a'emSs8 eGg] o'jfx¿af6 ;d]t ;'Gg] ul/G5 . cfkm";/x cyjf cem Hofbf bfloTj jxg ul//x]sf dlxnf ;xsdL{x¿nfO{ xf]Rofpg'k¥of] eg] pgLx¿ u[lx0fLsf] ;+1f lbP/ dlxnfx¿n] jxg u/]sf] c;+Vo lhDd]jf/LnfO{ v'DRofpg] k|oTg u5{g\ . pgLx¿ cfkm"nfO{ /fhgLlt1 / ;dfh;]jL 7fG5g\ . 3/fo;L Jojxf/ rnfpg pTkfbgsf] sfddf a? pgLx¿sf >LdtLsf] ;xeflutf x'G5 . o;f] x'"bfx'"b} klg sf]xL dlxnfnfO{ u[lx0fL eg]/ xf]Rofpg' cyjf cjd"Nog ug{ vf]Hg' jf:tjdf d"v{tf g} xf] . h;/L Pp6f s'zn rfnsn] ;kmntfk"j{s hxfh rnfp"5 To;}u/L Pp6L s'zn u[lx0fLn] cfkm\gf rf}tkmL{ JolQmTjx¿nfO{ klxrfg lb+b} ;kmntfk"j{s kl/jf/ ;+rfng ul//x]sL x'lG5g\ . t/, dlxnfn] jxg u/]sf] lhDd]jf/LnfO{ pk]Iff ug{] ;fdGtL lrGtgsf] sf/0f a]nfavtdf ;r]t jf c;r]t ¿kdf cfkm"nfO{ kl/jt{gsfdL eGg] k'?ifx¿af6 klg o:tf cleJolQmx¿ ;'Gg] ul/G5 . cGtdf Pp6f k|Zg hflu/ gvfg] dlxnfnfO{ xfp;jfOkm elgG5 eg] hflu/ gvfg] k'?ifnfO{ xfp; x;a]G8 eGg] rng lsg gefÚsf] <

6]Sg] klg v'§f, ;dfpg] klg v'§f

gj/fh e§/fO{

pgsf b'j} xft 5}gg\ eGg] yfxf kfPkl5 w]/} dfG5]x¿ eGg k'U5g\– …s7}a/L † lar/f ††Ú t/ log} dfG5]x¿ pgnfO{ s'g} sfd jf lhDd]jf/L lbg'kg{] s'/f cfp"bf Psd'v nfu]/ o:tf] k|ltlqmof JoQm ug{ clnslt klg lxlRsrfp"b}gg\– …xft gx'g]n] s;/L kmnfgf] jf l9:sfgf] yf]s ug{ ;S5] <Ú pgnfO{ dfG5]x¿sf] of] uf]xL k|j[lQ dg kb{}g . …s7}a/L ljr/fÚ leq oxL cljZjf; / vf]qmf] ;xfg'e"lt n's]sf] x'g] ePsfn] pgnfO{ of] ;Daf]wgk|lt klg tLj| ljt[i0ff 5 / pgL o:tf] bof b]vfpg] vf]qmf] cleJolQmnfO{ Ps sfgn] ;'g]/ csf{] sfgn] p8fOlblG5g\ .

:ofª\hf k'tnLahf/– * 7"nf] k"w]/fsL ;'zLnf 9sfnsf hGd}b]lv b'O6} xft lyPgg\ . pgn] yfxf kfPb]lv g} cfkm"n] ug{'kg{] sfd v'§fn] ub{} cfPsL l5g\ . b'O{ v'§fsf e/df pgL clxn] bf"t dfem\g], d'v w'g], k9\g], n]Vg], kmf]g ug{], skL, lstfa emf]nfdf af]s]/ lx"8\g] dfq ulb{gg\, eljiodf v'§fs} e/df Pp6f cfTdlge{/ hLjg af"Rg] bx|F] cfTdljZjf;sf ;fy pRr lzIff xfl;n ug{ ;+3if{ klg ul5{g\, ul//x]sL l5g\ . sGof SofDk; l8NnLahf/df cy{zf:q / /fhgLltzf:q lnP/ cfO{=P= k9\b} u/]sL ;'zLnf clxn] v'§}n] sDKo'6/ klg l;ls/x]sL l5g\ . ljb]zlt/ xft gx'g] cyjf grNg]x¿sf nflu ljz]if ;'ljwfo'Qm v'§fn] rnfpg ldNg] sDKo'6/ pknAw 5g\ . t/, pgL c¿n] rnfpg] ;fwf/0f sDKo'6/ ls af]8{, 6L– 6]a'ndfly /fv]/ cfkm" s';L{df a;L v'§}n] rnfp"l5g\ . bflxg] v'§fn] …dfp;Ú ;dfp"l5g\ / v'§fsf] a'9Lcf}+nfn] …lSnsÚ ul5{g\ . cyF{t\ Pp6f ;fdfGo dfG5]sf] bflxg] xft sDKo'6/sf nflu hlt ;lqmo x'G5, pgsf] bflxg] v'§f] klg Tof] eGbf sd ;lqmo x'"b}g . xftn] ug{] ;a} sfd v'§fn] ug{] pgsf] :jfefljs lbgrof{ xf] . pgnfO{ xftsf] cefj Tolt dx;'; x'"b}g . pgsf nflu xftsf] pkof]lutf g'xfpg' / n'uf km]g{' dfq xf] . Tolt b'O{ sfdsf nflu rflx" pgnfO{ cfkm\gL alxgLsf xftsf] h?/t x'G5 . To;afx]s ofjt sfdx¿ pgL v'§fs} dfWodn] ul5{g\ .

;'zLnfn] sIff # ;Dd cfkm\g} 3/glhssf] sflnsf k|f=lj= df kl9g\ . sIff $ b]lv 3/af6 c9fO{ 306f lx"8\g'kg{] /fh:yn df=lj= df k9]/ ToxL+af6 P;=Pn=;L= låtLo >]0fLdf pQL0f{ ul/g\ . (.!) sIffdf k9\bf HofdLsf lrqx¿ agfpg'kYof{] . pgsf nflu eg]/ :s'ndf Pp6f 5'§} vl6of a]Rgsf] ¿kdf agfOPsf] lyof] . pgL To;}dfly a;]/ k9\g] n]Vg] / HofdLsf lrqx¿ agfpg] uly{g\ .

g]qk|;fb 9sfn / nfns'df/L 9sfnsL h]7L 5f]/L ;'zLnf b'O{ bfh'x¿sL alxgL / b'O{ alxgLx¿sL lbbL x'g\ . pgsf bfh' / alxgLx¿ eg] ckf+u 5}gg\ .

pgn] v'§fsf] e/df df=lj= :t/sf] k9fO cufl8 a9fO/x]sf] va/ :ofª\hfl:yt sflGtk'/ ;+jfbbftfn] s]xL jif{cl3 kfPkl5 sflGtk'/df pgsf] ljifodf ;dfrf/ 5flkof] . Tof] ;dfrf/ k9]/ lj/f6gu/ lgjf;L lr/~hLjL bfxfnn] dlxgfsf] Ps xhf/sf b/n] k9fO vr{ xflnlbPsf lyP eg] k'tnLahf/ gu/kflnsfn] klg dfl;s kf"r ;o ¿k}of" lbGYof] . pgsf] nugzLntfnfO{ k|F]T;flxt ug{ ckf+u ;xfotf sf]if, sf7df8f}"n] jflif{s tLg xhf/ ¿k}of"sf] 5fqj[lQ lbO/x]sf] 5 . To:t} o;=cf]=o;= hf]/kf6Laf6 klg pgn] dfl;s ¿kdf s]xL ¿k}of" kfp"b} cfPsL l5g\ . sflGtk'/df k|sflzt ;dfrf/s} sf/0f c:6]«lnofdf a;f]af; ug{] g]kfnL xl/ /fDhfnLn] lghL ¿kdf / cd]l/sfdf a:g] pd]z lu/Ln] cfkm"nufot ;fyLefO ;d]taf6 ;+sng u/L pgsf] k9fOsf nflu eg]/ s]xL cfly{s ;xfotf pknAw u/fPsf lyP .

pgnfO{ ;aeGbf 7"nf] u'g rflx" 8f= u0f]zdfg u'?ªn] u/fPsf 5g\ . lqe'jg cfbz{ SofDk; :ofª\hfdf k9\b} ubf{ sflGtk'/df pgsf af/]df csf{] n]v 5flkof] . pQm n]vaf6 ;"of{]bo dlxnf 5fqfjf;, l8NnLahf/sL jf8{]g lji0f' s]=;L=n] pgsf] ljifodf yfxf kfP/ pgnfO{ sf7df8f}" af]nfOg\ . 5fqfjf;d} a;]/ k9\g] u/L pgL Ps jif{cl3 alxgL ljdnfnfO{ klg lnP/ sf7df8f}" cfOg\ / l8NnLahf/ sGof SofDk;df gfd n]vfOg\ . 5fqfjf;df a;]/ kl9/x]s} a]nf 8f= u0f]zdfg u'?ªl;t pgsf] e]6 eof] . 8f= u'?ªn] …l;U?g d]df]l/on kmG8Ú gj]{af6 pgsf nflu 5fqfjf;sf] vr{ a]xf]g{] Joj:yf ldnfOlbP . pQm kmG8 csfnd} d/]sL gj{]sL Ps dlxnfsf] :d[ltdf o:t} afnaflnsfnfO{ ;xof]u ug{sf nflu pgs} OR5fadf]lhd afa'cfdfn] :yfkgf ul/lbPsf] sf]if xf] . xfn pQm kmG8n] pgL / clxn] sIff ^ k9\b} u/]sL pgsL alxgLsf nflu k9FO vr{ pknAw u/fO/x]sf] 5 .

pgsf] k|ltefaf6 k|efljt eP/ sf7df8f}"sf /fd;'Gb/ dNnn] klg pgnfO{ ^ xhf/ ¿k}of" / Ps jif{sf nflu rflxg] :6];g/L Psd'i7 k|bfg u/]sf lyP .

;'zLnfn] v'§fn] g} n]vk9 ug{] wgs'6fsL emdss'df/L l3ld/]nfO{ e]6]sL l5g\ . t/, pgnfO{ ;flxTo l;h{gf ug{ gcfpg] x'gfn] emdsl;tsf] e]6 ;fwf/0f s'/fsfgLd} ;Lldt /x\of] .

;'zLnfn] k9fOdf c;fwf/0f glthf t Nofpg ;lsgg\ t/ :s'n k9'Gh]n pgL slxNo} km]n eOgg\ . P;=Pn=;L=df eg] v'§fn] n]Vtf :jefj}n] l9nf] x'g] eP/ ;a} k|Zgsf] pQ/ n]Vg gEofp"bf pgL Oltxf;df km]n eOg\ . ;do gk'Ug] b]v]/ yk ;dosf nflu cg'/f]w ubf{ lg/LIF0fdf vl6Psf lzIff clwsf/Ln] ;do yKg gldNg] hjfkm pgnfO{ lbPsf lyP . kf7\oqmd v'§fn] k9\gsf nflu agfOPsf] lyPg eGg] tL lg/LIFsn] a'em\g g;s]sf] b]v]/ pgnfO{ p;sf] d"v{tfdfly bof nfu]sf] lyof] . o:t} cfO{=P= k|dy jif{sf] cy{zf:qsf] hf"rsf a]nf la/fdL eP/ pgL k/LIffdf pkl:yt x'g ;lsgg\ / hf"r 5'6\of] . o;sf] k/LIff klg pgn] bf]xf]¥ofP/ lbg'k¥of] .

pRr lzIffsf] 6'Kk};Dd k'u]/ cfkm" :jfjnDaL ag]kl5 pgL cfkm"h:t} ckf+u efOalxgLx¿nfO{ k9\g] Joj:yfsf] lglDt s]xL ug{] ;f]rfOdf l5g\ . pgL elG5g\– …dfgl;s ckf+ukg eGbf zf/Ll/s ckf+ukg w]/} pQd † zf/Ll/s ckf+ukgnfO{ xLgtfaf]wsf] sf/s xf]Og, ;+3if{k"0f{ hLjgsf nflu r'gf}tL 7fg]/ cfkm"nfO{ x/bd ;lqmo /fVg'k5{ . ;lqmotf / sd{7tf g} ;kmntd hLjgsf] Pdfq lglj{sNk zt{ xf] . ckf+ux¿nfO{ ;+3if{ ug{] k|]/0ff lbg'k5{ . pgLx¿df ;a} sfd ug{;Sg] IFdtfsf] cfkm}+ ljsf; eP/ cfp"5 . o;sf] lglDt lzIff klxnf] cfjZostf xf] .

;+j}wflgs kl/ifb\ / ;+j}wflgs kbflwsf/Lsf] lgo'lQm

lji0f'k|tfk zfx

s]xL ;do klxn] Pp6f u}/;/sf/L ;+:yfn] kqklqsfdf lj1fkg k|sflzt u/]/ k|d'v lgjf{rg cfo'Qmsf] kbdf s:tf] JolQmnfO{ lgo'lQm ug{ pko'Qm x'G5 eGg]af/] ;fj{hlgs /fo dfu u/]sf] k9\g kfOPsf] lyof] . k|d'v lgjf{rg cfo'Qmh:tf] ;+j}wflgs kbdf pko'Qm JolQmsf] lgo'lQm xf];\ eGg] /fo ;+:yfsf] dg;fo b]lvG5 . t/ pQm ;+:yfsf] dg;foaf/] k|Zg gubf{–gub}{ klg ;+j}wflgs kbsf] lgo'lQmaf/] ckgfpg vf]lhPsf] k|lqmofsf] cf}lrToaf/] k|Zg ug{ ;lsG5 .

g]kfn clw/fHosf] ;+ljwfg, @)$& sf lgdf{tfx¿n] ljwflosf jf sfo{sfl/0fLnfO{ kTofpg g;lsg] sfo{ ;';DkGg ug{ jf p;sf] zlQmdf c+s'z nufpg jf p;dfly lgu/fgL /fVg ;+j}wflgs c+ux¿sf] Joj:yf u/]sf 5g\ . ljwflosf / sfo{sfl/0fL c+usf ;b:ox¿ :jo+ g} lgjf{lrt JolQmx¿ x'g] ;+j}wflgs Joj:yf ul/Psfn] pgLx¿sf] lgjf{rg ug]{ sfo{ pgLx¿nfO{ g} ;'lDkg ;lsg] s'/f ePg . t;y{ ;+ljwfgdf lgjf{rg cfof]usf] Joj:yf ul/Psf] xf] . To:t} hgtfsf] vNtL s6fP/ p7fOPsf] s/af6 k|fKt /sd ljlgof]lht If]qdf lgodfg';f/ / c;n dg;fon] vr{ ePsf] 5 jf 5}g eGg]af/] lgu/fgL /fVg] sfo{ ug{ dxfn]vfk/LIfssf] ljefu / clVtof/sf] b'¿kof]udf lgoGq0f ug{ clVtof/ b'¿kof]u cg';Gwfg cfof]usf] klg Joj:yf 5 . ;/sf/ rnfpg] lgjf{lrt hgk|ltlglwx¿nfO{ ljz]if1tf, sfo{bIftf / cg'ejåf/f ;3fpg lghfdtL ;]jfsf] klg ;+ljwfgdf Joj:yf 5 . ljz]if1tf, sfo{bIftf / cg'ejnfO{ kG5fP/ cfkm\gf dflg; dgk/L ¿kdf Tof] ;]jfdf ;/sf/n] lgo'lQm / a9'jf ug{ gkfcf];\ eg]/ To:tf] JolQmx¿sf] lgikIf 9+un] vf]hL ug{ / tT;DaGwL /]vb]v k'¥ofpg nf]s;]jf cfof]usf] klg Joj:yf 5 . ;+j}wflgs c+ux¿nfO{ ;+ljwfgn] lglb{i6 u/]sf] lhDd]jf/LcGtu{t pgLx¿n] ;Dkfbg ug'{kg]{ sfd–st{Jo tf]Sg] nufot clwsf/, sfo{k|lqmof / ;'lwjfx¿ olsg ug{ sfg'g agfpg] tyf ;+j}wflgs k|lqmofåf/f x6fpg] sfo{afx]s cGo ;a} s'/fdf ;+ljwfgn] pQm lgsfox¿ / To;sf kbflwsf/Lx¿nfO{ ljwflosf / sfo{sfl/0fLsf] lgoGq0faf6 pGd'lQm lbPsf] 5 . oxL kl/k|]Iodf g} pQm lgsfox¿nfO{ :jtGq lgsfox¿ elgg] ul/Psf] xf] . pk/f]Qm k|fjwfgx¿af6 tL lgsfox¿sf] ul/df / lhDd]jf/Lsf] dxŒj af]w x'G5 . o:tf] dxŒjk"0f{ lgsfox¿df NofOg] kbflwsf/Lx¿sf] 5gf}6 k|lqmof klg xn'sf x'g'x'"b}g eGg] s'/f :ki6 5 . To;tkm{ klg xfd|f] ;+ljwfgsf lgdf{tfx¿sf] Wofg uPsf] 5 .

;+j}wflgs c+usf kbflwsf/Lx¿sf] lgo'Qm >L % af6 x'G5 . ;f] lgo'lQmsf] lglDt pko'Qm JolQmx¿sf] l;kmfl/; ;+j}wflgs kl/ifb\n] ug]{ / ;f] kl/ifb\sf] cWoIfdf k|wfgdGqL tyf ;b:ox¿df k|wfgGofofwLz, k|ltlglw;efsf ;efd'v, /fli6«o;efsf cWoIf tyf ;+;b\df k|d'v ljkIfL bnsf g]tf ;b:o /xg] k|fjwfg ;+ljwfgdf 5 . ;+;f/sf sltko b]zsf ljz]if u/]/ blIf0f Pl;ofsf] ;+ljwfgx¿sf] t'ngfdf xfd|f] ;+ljwfgnfO{ ljlzi6 :yfg lbnfpg of] k|fjwfgsf] klg of]ubfg /x]sf] 5 . sltko k|hftflGqs b]zx¿sf] ;+ljwfgdf k|wfgdGqL jf dlGqkl/ifb\sf] l;kmfl/;df /fi6«fWoIfaf6 ;+j}wflgs c+usf kbflwsf/Lx¿sf] lgo'lQm ul/g] k|fjwfg /x]sf] kfOG5 eg] s]xL b]zx¿df ;+;b\n] lgjf{rg ug]{ klg Joj:yf kfOG5 . g]kfn clw/fHosf] ;+ljwfgn] oL b'j} k|0ffnLnfO{ c+uLsf/ u/]g . k|wfgdGqL jf dlGqkl/ifb\sf] l;kmfl/;af6 lgo'lQm ul/g] k|0ffnLn] ;/sf/sf] cg's"n JolQmx¿ NofOg] jf NofOPsf] cf/f]k nfUg] ;Defjgf x'G5 . ;+;b\af6 lgjf{lrt x'g] Joj:yfn] ;+;b\sf] ax'dt cfkm\gf] kIfdf Nofpg ;Sg] /fhgLlts rt'¥ofO" ePsf] JolQm g} lgjf{lrt x'g] ;Defjgf k|an x'G5 . km]l/ o:tf] lgjf{rgdf bnut b[li6sf]0fn] klg dxŒjk"0f{ e"ldsf v]Ng ;S5 . blIf0f Pl;ofnL b]zx¿df dlGqkl/ifb\sf] l;kmfl/;df lgo'lQm ul/g] kl/kf6L 5 . of] cGttf]uTjf k|wfgdGqLs} l;kmfl/; x'g k'U5 . pQm ;a} tYox¿sf] ljZn]if0f u/]/ g} xfd|f ;+ljwfg lgdf{tfx¿n] dfly pNn]v ePh:t} ;+j}wflgs kl/ifb\sf] Joj:yf u/]sf x'g ;S5g\ . b]zsf] /fhsfhL sfo{sf] lglDt Joj:yf ul/Psf] cg]sg ;+j}wflgs Joj:yfx¿dWo] of] Ps pRr, dxŒjk"0f{ / gf}nf] Joj:yf xf] eg]df cTo'lQm x'g]5}g . o; Joj:yfnfO{ b]z aflx/sf] ;+ljwfgljb\x¿n] klg k|z+;f u/]sf 5g\ . of] n]vsn] efu lnPsf] cGt/f{li6«o ;Dd]ng / uf]i7Lx¿df xfd|f] ;+ljwfgsf] of] kIf ;'gfp"bf ;b}j uf}/j g} cg'ej ePsf] 5 / k|z+;f kfPsf] 5 .

t/ xfd|f] cfkm\g} b]zdf eg] ;+ljwfg nfu" ePsf] s]xL jif{leq}df of] Joj:yfsf] ljsNksf] s'/f ug{ yflnPsf] 5 . ;+j}wflgs kbflwsf/Lx¿sf] lgo'lQmsf] jt{dfg k|lqmofsf] :yfgdf d'Votof @ ljsNk k|:t't ug]{ ul/Psf] 5 . klxnf] ljsNk xf]– ;+;b\ jf ;+;bLo ;ldltaf6 gfd l;kmfl/; ug]{ . ;+;b\af6 lgjf{rg ul/g] xf] eg] ;+j}wflgs c+ux¿df bnut ;dy{g kfPsf pDd]bjf/ Nofpg ;lsg] af/] ;}4flGts ;xdlt x'g'k5{ . t/ jt{dfg cj:yfdf :jo+ /fhgLlts bnx¿nfO{ g} -ljz]if u/]/ ;fgf bnx¿_ of] dfGo x'g]5}g xf]nf . hxf";Dd ;+;bLo ;ldltaf6 gfd l;kmfl/; ug]{ s'/f 5, To; ;DaGwdf cd]l/sL k|0ffnLsf] pbfx/0f lbg] ul/G5 . t/ cd]l/sL k|0ffnLdf l;g]6sf] ;ldltn] gfd l;kmfl/; ug]{ xf]Og ls /fi6«kltaf6 s'g} kbdf s;}sf] lgo'lQmsf] lg0f{o / 3f]if0ff eO;s]kl5 pQm ;ldltn] cg'df]bgdfq ug]{ xf] . JolQmsf] k"j{rl/q kbLo bfloTj cg's"n 5–5}g eGg] hf"r ul/G5 / To;}sf] cfwf/df lgo'lQm cg'df]bg ug]{ jf gug]{ lg0f{o ul/G5 . of] k/LIf0fsf] cfwf/ ljns'n j:t'ut x'G5 . :jLsf/ ug{ g;lsg] ePdf klg ;ldltn] csf]{ gfd l;kmfl/; ub}{g . Tof] lg0f{o k'gM /fi6«kltn] g} ug]{ u5{ . oxf"lg/ csf]{ ljrf/0fLo kIf s] klg 5 eg] cd]l/sL k|hftGq w]/} kl/kSj 5 . s'g} klg lg0f{odf k|lqmof / /fi6«k|ltsf] pRrlgi7fn] cx+ e"ldsf /fV5 . gjf]lbt k|hftGqdf ljBdfg x'g] /fhgLlt1x¿sf] k|hftflGqs k|0ffnLk|lt sdhf]/ k|lta4tf, lgDg g}lts w/ftn / lg0f{odf k|lqmofsf] sdhf]/ e"ldsfaf6 -cyf{t\ plrt k|lqmofsf] lgdf{0f eOg;s]sf] cj:yf jf ePsf] k|lqmofnfO{ klg kG5fpg] jf a+Uofpg] dfgl;stf_ xfd|f] k|hftGq klg ckjfb 5}g . pQm sf/0fx¿af6 pk/f]Qm ljsNkx¿ ckgfOPdf To;sf] k|ltkmn ljs[t x'g] cjZo+efjL 5 . ;+;bLo ;ldltdf lg0f{osf] cfwf/ bnut /fhgLlt klg x'g] u5{ . csf]{lt/ ;+;bLo ;ldltsf ;b:ox¿ v'b :jfy{df km:g] 5}gg\ egL 9'Ss x'g] cj:yf klg 5}g . ;+j}wflgs kl/ifb\sf ;DdfggLo ;b:ox¿dfly ljZjf; ug{ ;lsg] cj:yf 5}g eg] bnut cfwf/df dt lbg] dfggLox¿nfO{ dfq s;/L kTofpg] < cToGt pRr kbflwsf/Lsf] ;xeflutf ePsf] ;+j}wflgs kl/ifb\sf] lg0f{onfO{ k'gM ;+;bLo ;ldltsf] cg'df]bg u/fO{ 8an l;kmfl/; ug]{ Joj:yfdf s'g} t's b]lv"b}g .

bf];|f] ljsNksf] ¿kdf ljleGg uf]i7L jf cGo dfWodaf6 pko'Qm JolQmx¿af/] cledt a'em\g] k|lqmofsf] ;'emfjx¿ klg cfPsf 5g\ . ljleGg dfWodx¿af6 pko'Qm JolQmx¿af/] cledt a'em\g] ljsNkn] sf] ;Ifd 5 egL lj:t[t vf]h ug]{ xf]Og ls d ;Ifd 5' egL k|ToIf jf ck|ToIf ¿kdf pDd]bjf/L lbg] k|yfnfO{ k|f]T;flxt ug]{5, h'g ;+ljwfgsf] dg;fo ljk/Lt x'g]5 . s'g} JolQmdf kb pko'Qm Ifdtf cg'ej km]nf kfg]{ uxg sfo{ ;/;tL{ lnOPsf] cledtn] ug{ ;Sb}g . cledt a'em\g] k|lqmof ckgfpg] xf] eg] k};f / /fhgLlts rt'¥ofO"sf] dxŒjk"0f{ e"ldsf x'g]5 . g]kfnsf] kl/k|]Iodf dxŒjfsf+IfL JolQmn] k};fsf] e/df cledt lng] k|lqmofsf] kl/0ffdnfO{ cfkm\gf] cg's"n agfpg ;Sg] a9L ;Defjgf 5 . cledtnfO{ k|ltåGåLsf] kIfdf hfg glbg ;~rf/ dfWodx¿df rl/qxTofsf ;dfrf/x¿ k|]lift ul/g]5 . lghfdtL ;]jfsf] dxŒjk"0f{ kbdf lgo'lQm, ;¿jf / kbf]Ggltsf] ;dodf o:tf] k9\g kfOPs} klg 5 . cyf{t\ lgjf{rgsf ljs[ltx¿ o; k|lqmofdf b]vfkg{ yfNg]5g\ . ljZj;gLo u}/;/sf/L ;+:yf tyf ;~rf/ dfWodx¿ klg 5g\ . t/ tL cNkdt jf cf]em]ndf x'g]5g\ .

;+j}wflgs kbflwsf/Lx¿sf] lgo'lQmsf] ljBdfg k|fjwfgx¿ ;}4flGts b[li6n] cg'lrt 5}gg\ eg] Jofjxfl/s ¿kn] s]xL sdhf]/Lx¿ b]lvP eGb}df To;sf] ljsNk vf]lhxfNg' pko'Qm xf]Og . t/ xfdLx¿ s]xL q'l6x¿ b]lvgf;fy To;nfO{ ;RofP/ sfof{Gjog k|lqmofnfO{ ;'b[9 ug'{sf] ;§f ljBdfg Joj:yfsf] ljsNksf] ;'emfj lbg s'lbxfNg] ub{5f}+ . o;sf] sf/0f lg0f{o cfkm\gf] kIfsf] cg's"n gx'g' jf cfkm\gf] a'h|'UofO" k|bz{g ug'{ klg Ps x'g] u/]sf] 5 .

;+j}wflgs kl/ifb\sf] ljz]iftf s] 5 eg] o;df ;b:o x'g] JolQmljz]ifn] kl/ifb\df ;Lw} k|j]z kfp"b}g . o;sf ;b:ox¿ /fHosf k|d'v lgsfox¿sf] pRrtd txdf k'u]sf JolQmx¿ x'g\, h;nfO{ ljZjf; u/]/ /fHo k|0ffnLn] b]zsf] u'¿Q/ lhDd]jf/L ;'lDk;s]sf] 5 . o:tf ;b:ox¿ ePsf] lgsfodfly ljZjf; gu/]/ csf]{ ljsNk vf]Hg' pgLx¿sf] kbLo bfloTjdfly klg k|sf/fGt/n] ljZjf; gug'{ xf] . Pp6f ;+j}wflgs kbflwsf/Lsf] gfd l;kmfl/; ug]{ sfo{df n8\v8fpg] k|wfgGofofwLzn] ;Dk"0f{ Gofo;Dkfbg s;/L unf{ < ;efd'vn] ;+;bLo lhDd]jf/L s;/L ;DxfNg ;Snf < k|d'v k|ltkIfsf] g]tfsf] ¿kdf b]zsf] ;Dk"0f{ /fHo k|0ffnLdf p;sf] s:tf] e"ldsf /xnf < ;+j}wflgs kl/ifb\sf] d"Nof+sgsf] j:t'ut cfwf/ x'g'k5{ . cfkm\gf]–cfkm\gf] kIfdf lg0f{osf] cg's"ntf jf k|lts"ntf kl/ifb\sf] d"Nof+sgsf] cfwf/ agfOg' x'"b}g . lg0f{ox¿df sdhf]/Lx¿ ePsf] x'g ;S5 . s'g} klg lgsfo JolQmx¿af6 g} ;~rflnt x'G5 . t;y{ JolQmx¿sf] rl/q, :jefj, cfu|x / k"jf{u|xn] Tof] lgsfodf :yfg kfp"b}g eGg ;ls"b}g . t/ To; k|j[lQnfO{ lgoGq0f ug]{ tyf Go"g ug]{ lj:t[t k|lqmof / :j:y k/Dk/f g} xf] . o;tkm{ Wofg hfg'k5{ . To:t} ;+j}wflgs lgsfox¿ x'g'kg]{ hlt k|efjsf/L gePsf] x'g ;S5 . t/ /fHo k|0ffnLsf] s'g c+u o; sdhf]/Lx¿af6 d'Qm 5 < v'b k|hftGq g} ;d:of ;dfwfgsf] lglDt k|efjsf/L gePsf] cf/f]k nufpg]x¿ klg 5g\ . ;+;b\ k|efjsf/L x'g g;s]sf] eGg]x¿ klg 5g\ . hgtfaf6 lgjf{lrt ;f+;bx¿ pQ/bfoL gePsf] eGg] cfd u'gf;f] 5 . /fhgLlts bnx¿ k|hftGqk|lt k|lta4 gePsf] v'b /fhgLlts bnx¿sf g]tfx¿af6} klg ;'Gg'k/]sf] 5 . s] oL ;a}sf] ljsNk vf]Hg] < ;}4flGts tyf /fhgLlts ¿kdf pQd eg]/ dflgPsf] Joj:yf jf k|fjwfgsf] ;'b[9Ls/0fkl§ gnfuL 5'§} ljsNk vf]Hb} hfg] xf] eg] To;n] cGttf]uTjf k|hftGqsf] ljsNk vf]Hg] dfgl;stfnfO{ an k'¥ofp"5 eGg] s'/f xfd|f /fhgLlt1x¿, a'l4hLjLx¿n] a'em\g'k5{ eGg' cGoyf x'g]5}g . s'g} ;+j}wflgs lgsfo k|efjsf/L x'g g;Sg'df Ps}kN6 ;+j}wflgs kl/ifb\sf] lgo'lQm lg0f{onfO{ s;/L bf]if lbg ;lsG5 < Tof] lgsfon] cGo c+ux¿af6 kfpg'kg]{ ;xof]u / ;fwg gkfPsfn] klg t x'g'kg]{ hlt k|efjsf/L gePsf] x'g ;S5 . s'g} lg0f{odf k'Ug' cufl8 To;sf] klg ljZn]if0f x'g'k5{ . ;a} c+ux¿ k|efjsf/L 5}gg\ eGg klg ldNb}g . ljsNk vf]Hg'sf] ;§f k|lqmofsf] ;'b[9Ls/0fkl§ nfUg' k|hftGqsf] lxtdf x'g]5 .

;+j}wflgs kl/ifb\sf] lg0f{odf k|lqmofsf] ljsf; ug'{ eg] cfjZos 5 . t/ sfg'gL k|lqmofdf e/ k/]/dfq klg ;d:ofsf] k"/} ;dfwfg e]l§"b}g . :j:y k/Dk/fsf] ljsf; klg plQs} dxŒjk"0f{ 5 . g]kfndf k|d'v lgjf{rg cfo'Qmsf] kbfjlw l/Qm ePs} j/k/sf] ;dodf ef/tdf klg ;f] kb l/Qm ePsf] lyof] . t/ Toxf" ;bfem}+ l/Qm ePs} ef]lnkN6 gof" k|d'v cfo'Qmn] sfo{ef/ ;Dxfn] eg] g]kfndf @ dlxgfeGbf a9L l/Qm x'"bf klg ;f] k"lt{ x'g kfPsf] 5}g . o;sf] ljleGg sf/0fx¿ xf]nfg\ . Pp6f sf/0f k/Dk/fsf] cefj klg xf] eGg ;lsG5 . k/Dk/f sfod ePdf pko'Qm JolQm vf]Hg] emGem6 / ljjfbaf6 kl/ifb\ d'Qm eP/ zL3| lg0f{o ug{ ;S5 / cjsfz / gof" lgo'lQmsf] aLrsf] cjlw 5f]l6P/ sfddf afwf kb}{g . lgjf{rg eg]sf] jif}{el/sf] lgoldt tof/Lsf] kl/0ffd xf] . s'g} klg lg0f{o cfof]usf] a}7sn] dfq ug{ ;S5 . dtbftf gfdfjnL ;+sng lhNnfx¿af6 ;fpgkl5 dfq cfOk'U5 . o; ;DaGwL y'k|} lg0f{o lng'kg]{ x'G5 . cfof]un] lg0f{o u/]kl5 o;sf] cfjZos k|ltx¿ tof/ ug{ #÷$ dlxgf nfUg] x'G5 . To:t} lgjf{rg glhs} gePsf] df}sf kf/L dtbfg s]Gb|sf] k'g/fjnf]sg ug]{ k|oTg klxnf]k6s cfof]un] u/]sf] 5 . lgjf{rg glhs cfO;s]kl5 clw/fHoe/sf] dtbfg s]Gb|x¿af/] lg0f{o lng' b'is/ sfo{ x'G5 . csf]{lt/ lgjf{rg cufl8 g} kl/rokq ;DaGwL sfo{x¿ 6'+Uofpg'kg{] x'G5 . cfof]usf] a}7s ga;L o;df lg0f{o lng ldNb}g . t/ ut s]xL dlxgfb]lv cfof]usf] a}7s a:g ;s]sf] 5}g . lgoldt k|lqmofcg';f/ :yfgLo lgjf{rg cfufdL j}zfvlt/ x'g'k5{ . k|ltlglw;efsf] ckem{6 lgjf{rgsf] tnjf/ t cfof]usf] 6fpsf]df xd]zf em'l08Ps} x'G5 . o:tf] cj:yfdf ;+j}wflgs kl/ifb\ uDeL/ x'g'k5{ . /fhgLlt1x¿ / a'l4hLjLx¿ cfj]zk"0f{ jf xn'sf ljrf/x¿af6 d'Qm x'g'k5{ . k|hftGqsf] ;'b[9Ls/0fsf] lglDt of] cTofjZos 5 .

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z/b zdf{

lxhf]cfh km]l/ u}/;/sf/L ;+:yf -u};;_ x¿ 8n/sf] v]tL ub}{{5g\ egL ljleGg rrf{–kl/rrf{x¿ x'g yfn]sf] 5 . u}/;/sf/L ;+:yfx¿df 8n/ s;/L lelqG5g\ / 8n/sf] v]tL s;–s;n] u5{g\, ;j{;fwf/0f ;a}nfO{ hfgsf/L x'g' cfjZos eO;s]sf] 5 . k|hftGq k'gM:yfkgf cl3;Dd tTsfnLg ;fdflhs ;]jf /fli6«o ;dGjo kl/ifb\df @@@ u};; / @& cGt/f{li6«o u}/;/sf/L ;+:yf /x]sf]df cfh cfP/ ;dfh sNof0f kl/ifb\df dfq em08} !# xhf/ u};; / !)# cGt/f{li6«o u};;x¿ cfa4 5g\ . oL ljb]zL ;+:yfx¿ dfkm{t\ dfq em08} tLg c/a ¿lkof" b]z lelqG5 . oL afx]s ljleGg dGqfnox¿;"u ;Demf}tf u/L cGo bh{gf}+ cGt/f{li6«o u};; Pj+ bft[;+:yfx¿sf ;fy} ljleGg lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{nox¿df btf{ ePsf yk xhf/f}+ ;+:yfx¿n] ;Lw} ljb]zL ;xof]u k|fKt u/L sfo{ ul//x]sf 5g\ . ;dfhsf ljleGg If]qdf nlIot ;d"xx¿sf] lglDt lglZrt p2]Zo lnP/ :yfkgf ul/Psf u}/;/sf/L ;+:yfx¿sf] ;+Vofdf o:tf] ce"tk"j{ j[l4 x'"bf klg oxf" g]tfb]lv ;/sf/L sd{rf/Lx¿;Ddsf] u}/;/sf/L ;+:yfx¿nfO{ x]g]{ b[li6sf]0fdf vf;} kl/jt{g cfPsf] b]lv"b}g .

g]kfnh:tf] sl7g ef}uf]lns cj:yf / lk5l8Psf] cfly{s l:ylt tyf hgr]tgfsf] cefj ePsf] /fi6«df ;j{;fwf/0fsf] cfwf/e"t cfjZostf k"/f u/L b]znfO{ k|ultsf] af6f]df cl3 a9fpg ;/sf/L lgsfosf] dfq Ifdtf / k|of; kof{Kt x'g ;Sb}g . o; tYonfO{ Xbo+ud u/L dGqLx¿b]lv ;/sf/sf pRrkb:y clwsf/Lx¿;Ddn] u}/;/sf/L ;+:yfx¿sf] cfjZostf / dxŒjaf/] a]nf–a]nfdf cfkm\gf wf/0ff JoQm u/]sf 5g\ . g]kfnsf] oxL sl7gfO, ;Lldttf / sdhf]/L b]v]/ g} ljb]zL bft[;+:yfx¿n] o:tf u}/;/sf/L ;+:yfx¿nfO{ cfly{s, k|fljlws tyf ;+u7gfTds ;xfotf pknAw u/fO{ lgwf{l/t p2]Zo k|flKtsf nflu lglZrt lqmofsnfk ;DkGg u/fpg] u/]sf 5g\ . o; sfo{sf lglDt cfjZos ;xfotf ;/sf/dfkm{t\ ;f]em} ug{ ;Dej gb]lvPkl5 cGt/f{li6«o bft[;+:yfx¿n] hg:t/df ;]jf k'¥ofpg] sfd u};;x¿dfkm{t\ u/fpg a9L dgk/fpg] u/]sf] kfOG5 .

u};;k|lt cfnf]rgf, 6Lsfl6Kk0fL ug]{x¿dWo] b'O{–rf/hgf 5f]8]/ w]/}n] t jf:tjdf xNnfsf] e/df 6f9faf6 ;txL cg'dfg u/]/ d'vsf] tLtf] kf]V5g\ . s;}n] u};;nfO{ 7uL vfg] ef"8f] eg], sltn] 8n/sf] v]tL ug]{x¿sf] ;+:yf xf] eg] . o;nfO{ wg sdfpg] ;lhnf] ;fwg klg eg] . h;nfO{ h]–h:tf] nfU5 / h] c¿af6 ;'G5g\ eg]/ lx"8]sf klg 5g\ . lhDd]jf/ 7fp"df ga;]sf, cgk9 JolQmx¿n] o;f] eGbf t pgLx¿sf] c1fg IfDo g} x'G5, t/ /fHosf] dxŒjk"0f{ kbdf /x]sf JolQmx¿n] a]nf–a]nfdf u};;sf dxŒj ga'emL o;sf] ;fvdf x|f; Nofpg] cleJolQm lbg' zf]egLo x'"b}g . s'g}–s'g} u};; vf]Ng]x¿dWo] s;}n] ;+:yfnfO{ kl/jf/jfb jf /fhgLlts bnjfbsf] dfWodaf6 ;~rfng u/]sf] klg x'g ;S5g\ . tL ckjfb x'g\ . x'g ;S5, gof"–gof" u};; vf]Ng]x¿dWo] s]xL JolQm o:t} 8n/sf] v]tL, 7uL vfg] ef"8f]sf] s'/f ;'g]/ nf]leP/ Totflt/ nfu]sf klg xf]nfg\ . t/ jf:tljstfsf] ;fdgf ug'{k/]kl5 ltgLx¿ cfkm}+ rfpl/g k'u]sf pbfx/0f k|z:t 5g\ . sltko o:tf JolQmx¿n] t o; k+lQmsf/;"u ;+:yf vf]n]sf] jiff}{+ eof], …k|f]kf]hnÚ x¿ klg w]/} 7fp"df k]z u¥of}+, t/ s;}n] klg ljZjf; g} u/]gg\ egL b'Mv];f] ug]{ u/]sf 5g\ . ;+:yfx¿ vf]Ng] lalQs} / ljb]zLnfO{ …k|f]kf]hnÚ k]z ug]{ lalQs} …8n/Ú ldNg] eP c¿ bzf}+ xhf/ ;+:yfx¿ ylkg] lyP . vf]lnPsf xhf/f}+ ;+:yfx¿ lgliqmo eP/ /xg] lyPgg\ . 8n/ v]tL ub}{ cfkm\gf 9's'6L eb}{ hfg] lyP . ;f"Rr} eGg] xf] eg] u};; vf]Ng] / kl/of]hgfsf] k|:tfj bft[;+:yfx¿nfO{ k]z ug]{ lalQs} cfly{s ;xfotf s;}n] klg lb"b}g, hf]sf]xLn] klg o;sf] k|of]u u/]/ x]/] x'G5 . tL bft[;+:yfx¿ cfkm";"u cs"t ;DklQ eP/ / sxL" /fVg] 7fp" gkfP/ g]kfnLx¿nfO{ 8n/ af"8\g cfPsf xf]Ogg\ . ltgLx¿ xfdLeGbf w]/} rnfv / Jofjxfl/s klg x'G5g\ . u};;sf ljutsf sfdsf] d"Nof+sg, To;df ;+nUg JolQmx¿ ;b:ox¿sf] k[i7e"ld, of]Uotf, Odfgbf/L, sfd ug{ u/fpg ;Sg] Ifdtf, ljZj;gLotf, kf/blz{tf, sfo{ ;ldltsf] :j¿k, sfdsf] If]q, nfeflGjt x'g] ;d'bfo ;a} x]/]/ / /Fd|/L a'em]/dfq pgLx¿ ;xfotf lbg] ¿lr k|s6 u5{g\ . To;dfly klg ah]6 adf]lhdsf] /sd Ps}k6s lgsf;f ub}{gg\, q}dfl;s ah]6sf] /sddfq 5f]8\b5g\ . bf];|f] q}dfl;s /sd lgsf;f ug'{cl3 klxnf] sfo{qmdsf] k|ult / vr{ ljj/0f dfUb5g\ . k|ult ;Gtf]ifk|b 5–5}g x]5{g\ . sfuhL k|ultsf] ;fy;fy} :ynut e|d0f u/]/ k|ult / lqmofsnfksf] lg/LIf0f u5{g\ . cfkm"dfqn] :ynut e|d0f u/]/ gk'u]/ ;do–;dodf ljb]zaf6 ;d]t cGo JolQmx¿ af]nfO{ cg'udg / d"Nof+sg u/fp"5g\ . To;kl5dfq cg'bfg /sdx¿ lgsf;f ub}{ hfG5g\ . olt ;a} zt{ k"/f ug]{ k|lqmof rNbfrNb} klg kl/of]hgfsf] sfo{;Dkfbgdf s'g} afwf–cj/F]w kg{ eg] lb"b}gg\ . oL bft[;+:yfx¿sf] klg cfkm\g} ;d"x -;+3_ 5 . olb s'g} g]kfnL u};;n] cfly{s lxgfldgf u/]sf /x]5g\ eg] logLx¿n] t'¿Gt ;a} bft[;+:yfx¿df o;;DaGwL hfgsf/L k7fO{ To; ;+:yfnfO{ sfnf] ;"rLdf /fVg ;S5g\ . olt w]/} ;ts{tf ckgfO{ cfly{s ;xof]u k|fKt u/L b]z ljsf;df nfUg'kg]{ afWotf 5"bf5"b} klg k"jf{u|xL b[li6sf]0f /fVg' cGofok"0f{ 7xg]{5 .

o; cy{df ;a} u};;x¿ kf/bzL{ 5g\ / ltgLx¿n] /fd|} sfo{ ul//x]sf 5g\ eGg] klg x]fOg . jf:tjdf eGg] xf] eg] g]kfndf slt u};; 5g\ / tLdWo] slt lqmofzLn 5g\, Tof] g} eGg ;lsg] cj:yf 5}g . slt ;+:yfx¿ Pp6} kl/jf/sf ;b:ox¿åf/f dfq ;~rflnt 5g\, slt ;+:yfx¿ /fhgLlts bnsf] 5ftf af]s]/ ;~rflnt 5g\ . lgoldt lgjf{rg tyf ;fwf/0f;ef ePsf] 5 ls 5}g, ;+:yfdf v'nf ;b:otf k|bfg ug]{ Joj:yf 5–5}g, lgoldt n]vfk/LIF0f ePsf] 5–5}g, kf/blz{tf sltsf] 5, oL ;a}sf] ;dfh sNof0f kl/ifb\af6 /fd|/L cg'udg ul/g'k5{ . ;dfh sNof0f P]g, @)$( nfu" ePkl5 :yfgLo tyf cGt/f{li6«o u}/;/sf/L ;+:yfx¿nfO{ ;3fpg], ltgsf] sfo{ k|ultsf] cg'udg tyf d"Nof+sg ug]{ e"ldsfsf] Psnf}6L lhDd]jf/L P]gdfkm{t\ ;dfh sNof0f kl/ifb\nfO{ g} ;'lDkPsf] 5 . :jb]zL Pj+ ljb]zL u};;x¿åf/f ;~rflnt kl/of]hgfx¿sf] lgoldt cg'udg Pj+ d"Nof+sg sfo{ ug{ clt g} cfjZos 5 . k/Gt' kl/ifb\åf/f ul/g] cg'udg / d"Nof+sgsf] gfddf s]xL JolQmx¿sf] cfkm\gf] :jfy{k"lt{sf lglDt ljb]zL u};;x¿;"u 7"nf] wg/flz lnO{ …sG;N6]G;L ;]jfÚ rnfpg] sfo{ klg aGb ul/g' x'"b}g . cg'udg ;/sf/sf] bfloTj xf] . o;}n] cg'udg d"Nof+sgsf] lglDt kl/ifb\;"u cfjZos ah]6 5}g eg] a¿ o; sfo{sf lglDt vr{ x'g] /sd ;/sf/n] cfkm\g} ;|f]taf6 vlr{g'k5{ . gqeg] ljb]zL u};;x¿ kl/ifb\;"u ;Demf}tf gu/L km]l/ klg cGo dGqfno;"u ;Demf}tf u/L sfo{ ug{ yfNg]5g\ . ;fy} cGt/f{li6«o If]qdf g]kfnsf] 5lj klg g/fd|f] x'g k'Ug]5 .

cljsl;t /fi6«x¿df u};;x¿ ;/sf/sf] sfddf k"/sdfq x'g\ eGg] s'/f ;a}n] a'em\g'kg]{ s'/f xf] . t/ g]kfndf o;sf] pN6f] u};;x¿nfO{ ;/sf/sf] k|ltåGåL ;Dem]/ ;f}t]gL Jojxf/ ul/Psf] kfOG5 . u}/;/sf/L ;+:yfx¿sf] sfds'/fdf s'g} q'l6 jf vf]6 e]l6Pdf ;'wf/ u/fpg] Joj:yf x'g'k5{ . u}/lhDd]jf/ jf unt sfd ug]{ ;+:yfx¿nfO{ oyf]lrt lgoGq0f, cg'udg / b08 ;hfosf] k|efjsf/L Joj:yf u/]/ ;xL af6f]df nfUg]x¿nfO{ k|F]T;fxg ug'{ ;/sf/sf] bfloTj xf] . cfhsf] cfjZostf u};;x¿nfO{ :jlge{/tflt/ nfg' xf] . t/ cfhsf] lbg;Dd clwsf+z u};;x¿ ljb]zL bft[;+:yfsf] ;xof]udf lge{/ 5g\ . oL ;+:yfx¿ 8n/lagf klg lqmofzLn x'g ;Sg'k5{, h;sf nflu logLx¿n] ;]jfd"ns / cfod"ns sfo{qmdx¿ ;~rfng ug'{k5{ . ;/sf/n] klg :jb]zL pBf]uklt / Jofkf/Lx¿nfO{ u};;x¿df ;xof]u ug]{ jftfj/0fsf] l;h{gf ug{'k5{ / o;sf] lglDt cfjZos k/] cGo /fi6«x¿df em}+ oxf" klg ;fdflhs ;]jfs/ P]g lgdf{0f ul/g'k5{ . ;dodf g} oL s'/fx¿df ;'wf/ ug{ ;s]gf}+ eg] …u};; eg]sf] 8n/ v]tL xf] / of] dfuL vfg] ef"8f] klg xf]Ú eGg] nf~5gfaf6 xfdL slxNo} d'Qm x'g ;Sg] 5}gf}+ .

-n]vs afn ljsf; ;dfhsf] cWoIf x'g'x'G5 ._

cg'xf/leq slt–slt cg'xf/

efpkGyL

d}n] cg'xf/ v's{g yfn]sf] 5' . cg'xf/ v's{g' eg]sf] k|To]s laxfg bfx|L lgoldt vf}/g'nfO{ ;flxlTos efiffdf eg]sf] xf]Og . bfx|L vf}/] /f}+sf 7'6fdfq ;lDdg] x'g\ . To;n] cg'xf/ ablng] t xf]Og . d t cg'xf/ abNg ;f"RrLs} cg'xf/ v's{g'nfO{ eGb}5' . dnfO{ of] cg'xf/ k6Ss} dgk/]g . lbg–lbg}sf] pxL af;L cg'xf/ . P]gfdf x]bf{–x]bf{ lbSs nflu;Sof] . l5d]sL 7'NbfOn] sf]tbf{–sf]tbf{ b]zsf] gS;f kl/jt{g cfpg] a]nf eO;Sof] t/ of] cg'xf/ eg] kl/jt{gljxLg p:tfsf] p:t} . To;}n] of] cg'xf/nfO{ v'sL{vfsL{ kf/]/ leqsf] csf]{ cg'xf/ psf:g] OR5f 5 d]/f] .

cfw'lgs hdfgfdf Knfli6s ;h{/L u/]/ cg'xf/ abNg' ;lhnf] 5 eGg] ;'emfj klg kfOPnf . geP of] hdfgfdf df}sfcg';f/ cg'xf/ abln/xg' g} 7"nf] of]Uotf / sf}zn xf] eGg] ;Nnfx klg lbOPnf . h]h:tf ;Nnfx / ;'emfj cfP klg d"n s'/f] cg'xf/ abNg' g} xf] . of] t xf], of] ;do g} cg'xf/ abln/xg]x¿sf] cg's"n 5 eg] ePsf] ;fljssf] cg'xf/ abNg] d]/f] rfxgf klg pko'Qm g} 5 / d]/f] of] rfxgf g]tfx¿sf] ul/aL lgjf/0f / e|i6frf/ lgoGq0fh:tf] gSsnL rfxgf xf]Og .

cg'xf/ abNg'sf] ;f6f] d'v'08f] g} nufP t x'G5 lg eg]/ hfGg] x'g]x¿ klg xf]nfg\ . t/ d'v'08f] k'/fgf] j:t' eO;Sof] . ;fy} o;nfO{ cg'xf/df aflx/af6 wf/0f ug'{k5{ . cg'xf/ abNg' eg]sf] klg cj;/jfbL ag]/ d'v'08f] wf/0f ug'{h:t} xf], t/ cr]n t cg'xf/ abNg] snf g} ljsl;t ePsf] 5 . cg'xf/nfO{ g} OR5fcg';f/ kl/jt{g ug]{ clegosnf hfg]kl5 o;df d'v'08f]sf] vf"rf] /x"b}g .

d h:tfnfO{ eg] d'v'08f]n] klg sfd lb"b}g . g dh:tfx¿ cj;/jfbL ag]/ dh:tfx¿sf] d}n] uf}/jufg u/]sf] xf]Og . a¿ d}n] o;f] eg]/ o;/L ckl/jTo{ eP/ /xg] dh:tf ah| k|sf/x¿df lglxt cJofjxfl/s / cs'zn d"v{tfnfO{ ;fj{hlgs ul/lbPsf] dfq x'", cg'xf/ abNg g;Sg]x¿sf] b'Mv];f] kf]v]sf] / cIfdtf k|s6 u/]sf] dfq x'" .

t}klg cg'xf/ abNg]x¿n] vf;} hgljZjf; cfh{g ug{ ;s]sf] kfOPg . Pshgf qmflGtsf/L klxn] h]n a;] / hgcfGbf]ngkl5 ;Qfdf k'u]/ sdfP . klxn] cfuf] cf]sNg] cg'xf/ lnP/ em's]gg\, t/ ;Qfdf k'u]kl5 lgbfPsf] Hjfnfd'vLh:tf] cg'xf/n] a;] . ;Qfaf6 x6]kl5 km]l/ cfuf] cf]sNg] cg'xf/ agfpg] k|of; u5{g\, t/ Kjfn k/]sf] vnf"tLh:tf] pgsf] cg'xf/n] hgtfdf cfuf] bGsfpg} ;ls/x]sf] 5}g . o;/L cg'xf/ abNg] v]n hgtfn] rfn kfPkl5 qmflGtsf/Lx¿ bz 7fp" r'x'g] ePsf] af]/fh:tf] cg'xf/sf ePsf 5g\ .

o;/L x/]s If]qdf cr]n aflx/ b]vfkg]{ cg'xf/x¿sf] ljZjf; /x]g . aflx/ b]lvg] cg'xf/ Ps y/Lsf] / leqsf] ;SsnL cg'xf/ csf]{ y/Lsf] . t/ To;leq klg csf]{ cg'xf/ b]lv"b} cfPkl5 s'g ;SsnL s'g gSsnL cg'xf/ < klxrfg ug{ g} c;Dej / ufx|f] . o;/L Ps cg'xf/leq slt y/Lsf csf{ cg'xf/ n's]sf x'G5g\, To;sf] lx;fa 5}g . cg'xf/leq csf]{ cg'xf/ / csf]{ cg'xf/leq csf]{ cg'xf/ . cg'xf/x¿sf] kq}kq, vft}vft . dfgf}+ Kofhsf] kqkq 5f]8fP/ leqsf] tŒj yfxf kfpg] lg/y{s k|of; ul/Psf] xf];\ .

cg'xf/leq cg'xf/ eg]kl5 s;sf] s:tf] cg'xf/ eg]/ ;f]lw/xg' k/f]Og . xfd|f rf/}lt/ o:tf cg]s vfk ePsf cg'xf/x¿sf] eL8} 5 . To;leq cfkm\gf] Pp6f cg'xf/ klg ;fd]n ubf{ ckdfgsf] cg'ej ug'{ kb}{g . t/ dnfO{ of] vk6] / k/flhth:tf] cg'xf/ dg gk/]sf] dfq xf] . dnfO{ cr]nsf g]tf, dGqL, ;f+;b / ;lrjx¿sf] h:tf] vfOnfUbf], zf;sLo /f]a / b/afl/of kf}li6stfn] 9fl8Psf] el/nf]–kf]l6nf] cg'xf/ dgkg{ nfu]sf] dfq xf] .

o;f] ePsfn] d}n] cg'xf/ v's{g yfn]sf] 5' . cg'xf/ v's]{/ sfd aGg] xf]Og eGg] dnfO{ yfxf 5, t/ c¿ s'g} pkfo g/x]kl5 of] Pp6f pkfo ug{ afWo ePsf] 5' . o;/L cg'xf/ v's{g] ug{ yfn]kl5 dnfO{ cfkm\gf] ljkGg kl/j]z, ul/aL / b'O{ 5fs vfg gk'Ug] kl/jf/b]lv ljt[i0ff nfUb} cfPsf] 5 . dnfO{ 5fkfdf cfpg] tL dGqL, k|wfgdGqLsf /f]lanf / rlDsnf cg'xf/x¿sf] df]x a9\b} cfPsf] 5 .

klxn] hgtfsf] ljZjf; dfUg] logsf] Odfgbf/ cg'xf/ clxn] abn]/ logsf] ljZjf; kfpg] ;Qfsf bnfn t:s/ dflkmof wGo x'g] cg'xf/ aGg kf] k'u]sf] 5 . klxn] hgcfGbf]ngsf] tfkn] bGsg] logsf] cg'xf/ clxn] To;sf] tfkn] kUng] d}gsf] cg'xf/ aGg k'u]sf] 5 . e|i6frf/ lgoGq0f / ul/aL lgjf/0f ug]{ k|0f ug]{ kxf8h:tf] bx|f] cg'xf/ clxn] b]z dfg]{ sfd / sld;gsf] e|i6frf/n] 7fp"–7fp"df klx/f] nu]/ 6f6]kf6] ePsf] 5 . klxn] eg]sf] s'/f ul/5f8\g] c7f]6 af]s]sf] Odfgbf/ cg'xf/ clxn] eg]sf] s'/f gu/]/ u/]sf] lauf/ sfd n'sfpg] ckf/bzL{ / s'l6n cg'xf/ aGg k'u]sf] 5 .

b]zsf] cg'xf/–d'xf/ km]5f}{+ eGg]x¿ af/Daf/ cfkm}+ af]nL / cg'xf/ km]g]{ ePsfn] cg'xf/ljxLg ag]sf 5g\ . l;l/o; cg'xf/ agfP/ b]znfO{ slxn] l;+ufk'/ t slxn] :jL6\h/Nof08, slxn] ;'gsf] 6'qmf t slxn] OGb|k'/L kSs} agfO5f8\5f}+ eGbf xf] ls h:tf] nflu klg xfNYof] . t/ af";sf] g'u]sf] 6'Kkf]df a;]/ lkm:6f]n] ldth'–ldth' d}n] af";sf] 6'Kkf] km't'Ss g'ufP" eg]/ eGbf v'§f b]v]/ kTofP" eGg] eGg'kg]{ ePsf] 5 .

avfg gu/] klg u/] klg csf]{ af6f] 5}g . aNntNn cfPsf] k|hftGqdf g]tfx¿ g} hgtfsf sfG5faf ePsf 5g\ . cyf{t\ gvfp" eg] lbgel/sf] lzsf/, vfp" eg] sfG5fafsf] cg'xf/ . xfd|f k|hftflGqs g]tfx¿sf] cg'xf/sf] /fd|f] of] g} ;jf]{Qd JofVof xf] . s'/f yKg eGg ;lsG5– sfG5fafx¿n] cfkm\gfnflu eJo dxn / cs"t wg;DklQ hf]8] klg c¿sf] cyf{t\ hgtfsf] eg] x'glb"b}gg\, eTsfp"5g\ .