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/fhf ePsf] d'n's c/fhsem}+ 5 . To:t} k|hftGq ePsf] zf;g ;}lgs 5 . ;+ljwfg s'g 5]pdf k'lu/fv]sf] 5, o;eGbf a9L s'/f ug'{ g} Joy{ 5 . /fhgLlts cl:y/tfsf] xfnt ;Qfleq g} b}lgsh:tf] ss{nfsf] kftsf] kfgL a/fa/ 5 . 5]kf/fsf] lk;fan] 5f]Olbof] eg] cf"vf aGb x'G5 eG5g\ . /fhg]tfx¿sf cf"vf o;n] km]nf kf/]h:tf] 5 . d'n'sdf s] eO/fv]sf] 5 . ToxL l:ylt /lx/x"bf ef]ln cs:dft s] x'G5, s;}n] eGg ;Sg] cj:yf 5}g . clxn] lhDd]jf/Ldf b]lvPsfx¿sf] af]nL / Jojxf/sf] 5]p6'Kkf] gldNg] / 5rlNsO/fVg] a]7]ufgsf] eOlb"bf s;n] s] eGg vf]h]sf] xf] / ug{ rfx]sf] xf], Tof] a'em\g / To;df ljZjf; /fVg a8f] sl7g ePsf] 5 . eo km}nfO/xg] / e/f];f lglDt pleg] b'O{ kIfsf aLrsf] n8fO" cfuf] / kfgL eP kf] x'GYof] . cfu}–cfuf] hf]l8Pkl5 cfufsf] Hjfnf blGs/x]sf] 5 . Psflt/ kfgL klg ePsf] eP pn{+bf] cfufsf] HjfnfnfO{ lgefpg kfgLsf] kmf]xf]/f slt prfOdf pl7/fv]sf] 5, x]g{ ;lsg] x'GYof] . ;+s6sfn 3f]lift ePkl5 / ;]gf d}bfgdf k'u]kl5 klg lx+;f, k|ltlx+;f a/fa/ eO/fv]sf] b]lvG5 . bf]xf]/} xltof/ Pj+ ;+uLgsf] 6s/fjdfq x'"bf cfuf]df cfuf]n] em6f/f] xfGg] sfddfq ePsf] 5 . cfuf]df xf]ldPsf dflg;sf hLpsf hLp l3psf l6g a/fa/ aGg k'u]sf 5g\ . l:ylt k|ltkn Hjfnfd'vL x'"b} uO/x]5 . ptf cfkm\g} 3/w'/Ldf aln/x]sf] cfuf]df lklN;O/x]sf dflg;x¿nfO{ arfpg g;Sg] cfkm\g} 89]nf] lgefpg c;dy{ ePsf ldqx¿n] kf] s] d2t ug{ ;Snfg\ / < Ogf/af6 ufu|L tfg]/ xfd|f] 89]nf]df kfgL vGofOb]nfg\ < Tof] Tolt cf;nfUbf] / e/kbf]{ s'/f xf]Og . o:tf]df of] klg ;f]Rg afWo x'g'k5{, of] ld;fj6sf] o'u xf], st} kfgLsf] ufu|Ldf dl§t]n / k]6«f]n gk/f];\ . t;y{ afx\o ;xof]usf] s'/f klg To:t} xf] .

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hf] eP klg xfdL g]kfnL xf}+ . h;sf] kIfdf xltof/ p7fP klg xltof/ p7fpg], dg]{ / dfg]{x¿hlt ;a} g]kfn dftfsf g} ul/a ;Gtfg x'g\ . s;nfO{ k/fO{ eGg] < km]l/ cg'xf/af6 vf;} kIf 5'l§"b}g, dfG5] lrlg"b}g klg . sltko ;f]emf, ;Lwf / cgfyx¿ of] lsrf3fgdf To;} k/]sf 5g\, xtfxt ePsf 5g\ . cflv/ kIf 5'l§g] xf] eg] Psflt/ hgo'4sf/L 5 / csf{lt/ :yflkt ;Qf 5 . t/ dflg; ltg} x'g\, pg} x'g\ / p:t} 5g\ . clxn] kf]zfs klg Pp6} x'g yfn]sf] 5 eGg] ;'lgG5 . To;}n] cfk;df em'lSsg] / em'Sofpg] klg p:t}df kb{5g\ . efOaGw' gftfsf g} xf]nfg\ . hgo'4 xf]– hgtfsf lxtsf lglDt ePsf] eP To;sf] p2]Zo :ki6 x'GYof], :ki6tf b]lvGYof] . ;'?df h:tf] eP klg Tof] qmdzM cft+ssf] cfuf]df kl/0ft x'"b} uof] . :yflkt kIfaf6 n8\g] ;}lgs zlQm klg lj:yflkt u/fpg'kg]{ uGxfPsf] e|i6 ;Qfs]Gb|sf] dfq sf"w] b]lvg] kl/l:yltdf kbf{ c;lhnf] / c:ki6tf gb]lvPsf] xf]Og . To;}n] bf]xf]/} ;+uLg 7Ls 7fp"lt/ ;f]lemO/x]sf 5}gg\ . o;n] vf;–vf; hgtf dsf{df k/]sf 5g\ . cGt/df lylrg] / lylng]df 5g\ . o;/L d'n'ssf] df6f] plwlgg] / kftlng]df kbf{ ;Ldf aflx/ s6\g] vt/f x'G5 . d'n's cToGt ;+j]bgzLn cj:yfdf 5 .

cln cufl8sf] s'/f . o; kl/k|]Iodf 5fkfdf lg:s]sf] Pshgf sf+u|];L g]tf h;nfO{ d 7Ls÷a]7Ls eGg rfxGg / Tolt ;fx|} lrg]sf] klg 5}g . hf] xf];\, h:tf];'s} xf];\, k'/f0fjfrs sf] xf] eg]/ x]l/g] s'/f x'"b}g . k'/f0faf6 s] s'/f lgl:s/x]5, To;nfO{ ;'Gg'k5{ / u|x0f ug'{k5{ . o; lx;fadf pgLaf6 cfPsf] s'/f o:tf] 5– …k|To]s lbg ;+s6sfnn] ;/sf/ zlQmzfnL eP klg p;n] clwsf/ yk]sf] 5}g . 7fp" a9fpg ;s]sf] 5}g . dfcf]jfbLsf] clwsf/ al9/x]sf] 5 . of] ;aeGbf 7"nf] r'gf}tL xf] . dfcf]jfbLsf] 7fp" t a9]sf] 5, ;/sf/sf] 36]sf] 5, sd 5 . Tof] 7fp" lng ;Sg] Ifdtf dfcf]jfbLdf klg 5}g . To; a]nfdf b]zleq pTkGg vfnL 7fp"df b]znfO{ ljv08g ug]{ ljb]zL k|efj cfpg] 7"nf] vt/f x'g ;S5 . To;n] xfdLnfO{ lrlGtt u/fp"5 .Ú

s'/f t of] ;f"rf] xf] t/ of] vfnL 7fp" eg] lhDdf lng] s;n] xf] < ;]gfn] ls ;/sf/n] ls kf6L{x¿n] cyjf ls ;+;b\n] of t :jfQ} ;fDojfbLn] < ljb]zL k|efjnfO{ 5]Sg] s;n] t < o;/L p7\g] o:tf k|Zgx¿sf] k|To'Q/df Pp6} s'/f cl3 ;b{5, Tof] xf] l3gnfUbf] ;Qfsf] v]n . hf] clxn];Dd h:tfsf] t:t} 5 . h;n] Joj:yfnfO{ vfO/x]5, d'n'ssf] df6f] plwlg/fv]sf] 5 . ;dfhnfO{ l5GgleGg agfP/ oftgf lbg] sfd ul//fv]sf] 5 . ;Qfleq k'u]sf kf6L{x¿ / ;f+;bx¿sf] s]Gb|ljGb' g} s]jn ;Qf / ;DklQsf] w'g ePsf] sf/0f oL tdfd ljs[ltx¿ b]zdf km}lnPsf x'g\ . clxn]sf] of] -lj3l6t_ ;+;b\n] wf"wnLaf6 hGd lnPsf] xf] / km]l/ wf"wnLs} ue{af6 k'gh{Gd lngsf lglDt 56\k6fO/x]sf] 5 . ;+;bLo Joj:yfsf] r'/f] ax'dtsf] ;/sf/ / To:t} k|ltkIfsf] 5fof ;/sf/ xf] . To;nfO{ g} ckmfk agfpg] lqmofsnfk !@ jif{;Dd rln/fv]sf 5g\ . To;nfO{ df]xf]/ nufpg / ;+o'Qm ;/sf/ jf /fli6«o ;/sf/df a;]/ ;a}n] ;Qfdf g} /fO"bfO" ug]{ dg;fon] clxn] a]df};ddf tyfslyt ¿kdf ;+ljwfg ;+zf]wg;DaGwL s'/f klg p7fOPsf x'g\ . ;j{bnLo r'gfjL ;/sf/ v8f u/fP/ km]l/ wf"wnLaf6 g} ;+;b\nfO{ hGdfpg] b'/fzfsf] l:ylt b]vfkb}{5 . o:tf cg]sg b'/fzox¿sf] l;nl;nfaf6 u'lh|Psf] /fhgLltl;t k|r'/ dfqfdf g}lts b'a{ntf 5 . To;}n] o;sf uf]8f un]sf 5g\ . kfOnf cufl8 ;b}{g . clg vfnL 7fp" el/G5 s;/L < eg]{ s]n] / el/lbG5 s;n] < ;w}+ t/ dfl//fVg] :jKgfdf k/]sf] /fhgLlts cEof;n] d'n's t/ nfUb}g . ca of] c;Dej 5 . o:tf] a]nfdf klg s]jn ;/sf/sf] tfO x]g{ sf]vfaf6 ;dfnf]rgfTds af6f] lnG5' jf lnG5f}+ eGg] /fhgLlts g]tf / kf6L{ 5 eg] To;n] oltv]/ cfnf]rgfsf] af6f] kqmg'k5{ / cl3 a9\g'k5{ . of t kl5 x6\g'k5{ . vf]r] yfKg] a]nf xf]Og . ;a}eGbf 7"nf] sdhf]/L of] xf] . ;j{bnLo ;xdltdf ;+s6sfnsf] 3f]if0ff ePkl5 / ;]gf d}bfgdf pq]kl5 ;a} kf6L{x¿n] Ps} 7fp"df a;]/ klxn] Ps;"qLo sfo{qmd agfpg'kb{Yof] . g]tfx¿ cufl8 nfUg] / sfo{stf{x¿÷:jo+;]jsx¿hlt k+lQma4 eP/ ;]tf] ¿dfn xNnfp"b} ufp"lt/ kms{g'kb{Yof] . )$^ sf] ;xofqL dfcf]jfbLnfO{ klg cfx\jfg ub}{ ;fy} ltgnfO{ lgMz:q agfpg] k|0fsf] ;]gfsf lglDt ;d'lrt jftfj/0f lbg'kb{Yof] . hgtfnfO{ c:j:y agfpg] cleef/f af]s]/ o:tf] cleofg ;j{bnLo ;xdltn] ug{ ;Sg'kb{Yof] . Tof] vf]O < clg vfnL 7fp" s;/L el/G5 / d'n's ljefhgsf] vt/f 65{ < ;+s6sfn ;lsPsf] rf/ dlxgf lalt;Sbf klg kf6L{x¿sf] s'g} 5f"6sf"6 b]lvPg . To;}n] o:tf] ;+;b\sf] / kf6L{x¿sf] egf}+ o:tf] k|sf/sf] kf6L{ Joj:yfsf] g} cl:tTj / cf}lrTo n'Ktk|foM eO;s]sf] b]vfk5{ . of] a]nfdf cem Tof] hgcfGbf]ngsf cu'jf ePsf tL hLljt g]tfx¿n] of] Hjfnfd'vLnfO{ lgefpg] k|of;df eb|sfnLdf lg:s]/ cfd/0f cgzgdf pqg'kYof]{ . clx+;fsf] c:q p7fpg ;Sg'kb{Yof] . ufGwLjfbsf r]nfrk]6f / efO5f]/f ;Gtfg xf}+ eGg]x¿n] kf7 lal;{P/ ljk/Lt af6f]lt/ nflu/x]5g\ eGg] b]v]/ g} xf]nf :juL{o /fhf jL/]Gb|n] ;r]t u/fpgsf lglDt ufGwLhLsf & j6f cd/ plQmx¿sf] pkxf/ tTsfnLg k|d lul/hfk|;fbhLsf] xftdf /flvaS;]sf] lyof] . t/ pxf"n] cfkm\gf lktfhLsf] h8d"lt{sf cufl8 pleP/ pxf"nfO{ / hgtfnfO{ kf] ;'gfOlbg'eof] . To;sf] nuQ} To;dfly @)$^ sf] cfGbf]ngdf xfd|f] s'g} lehg -b[li6 jf cGt/b[li6_ lyPg eg]/ 7f]s'jf ;t\jf0fL af]lnlbg'eof] . clg t 5n{+u g} 5, ca Joj:yf sxf" 5 . eGg'k¥of]– vfnL 7fp" htftt} 5, pN6} sf"8fx¿ e/etL{ lg:sg] e"ld kf] tof/ eP5 . To;}n] of] Joj:yf o;} lbzfljxLg eO;Sof] / ljn'Kt x'"b}5 . vfnL eg]{ sfddf hf"u/ gnfu]kl5 / uf]8f grn]kl5 Toxf" sf"8f 6';fpg' :jfefljs xf] . ;]gfsf a'6nfO{ df6f] arfP/ s'Nrg] 7fp" kQf nufpg cK7\of/f] 5 . of] a]nf ;Demg'kg]{ s'/f s] 5 eg] k|ltsf/sf] /f"sf] jf cu'N6f] cl3 a9fpg] xf] cyjf hgo'4sf/Lx¿nfO{ kmsf{pg jf kl/jt{gsf] lglDt 6r{nfO6 b]vfpg] xf], ;f]Rg] a]nf 5 . ;]gf cfkm\g} ;xdltn] d}bfgdf pq]sf] xf] egf}+ dfcf]jfbLx¿ klg )$^ sf] cfGbf]ngsf ;xofqL g} x'g\ . kl5 srlN6P/ Pp6} uf]nfaf6 km'6]sf df}/L lyP ls clxn] cl/+ufn eP/ jgkfvfel/ 5l/P . ufp" / b]zel/ km}lnPsf 5g\ . aLr arfpdf plegkg]{ gpleO{ gx'g] zlQmx¿ :jTjxLg / gfdb{ eOlbPsf] sf/0f d'n's clxn] u[xo'4lt/ cf]/fnf] nfUg] vt/fdf k'u]sf] 5 . eo km}nfpg] hgo'4sf/Lx¿ / e/f];f lbg vf]Hg] ;/sf/L ;}lgsx¿sf] b"/L sfdn] eP klg eosf] lx;fadf b'j} zlQmsf] Ps ¿k b]Vg'kbf{ eo}eo ldl;Psf] eLdsfo 8/nfUbf] e"tn] ;a}nfO{ P]7g u/fPsf] 5 . e"ld o'4ft+sn] 5fPsf] 5, ;GtKt 5 . dg]{ / dfl/g]x¿sf] ptf s] xfnt 5, Tof] s;}nfO{ yfxf x'g] s'/f ePg . t/ af"Rg]hlt ;a} d"lR5{t eP/ d[tjt\ x'g'kg]{ cj:yfdf 5g\ . lx"8\g ;Sg]hlt ;a} sxf" hfpm" / stf cf]ltcf}+–ldlNscf}+ eg]/ 56\k6fp"b} ufp" 5f]8\b}5g\ eg] dg p8]sf czQmx¿ 7fp"df a:g afWo eP klg pv]lnPsf] d"nfem}+ nlqP/ cf]OlnO{ nDk;f/ kl//fv]sf 5g\ . o:tf] l67nfUbf] / 6'x'l/Psf] b]z / ;dfhnfO{ 9f8; lbg / cfZjf;g lbg ufp"–ufp" / a:tL–a:tLdf k'Ug'kg]{ kf6L{ / g]tfx¿, hgk|ltlglwx¿, ;f+;bx¿ cfkm\g} ;'v;'ljwfsf] rf"hf]kf"hf] ldnfpg /fhwfgLsf] rf/ e~Hofªleq a;] . ;Qfs} ;u|f]au|f]df v]ln/fv] . Joj:yfsf] d"nu|Gy ;+ljwfgsf] lstfadf of] !@ jif{leq cfkm}+ wld/f] eP/ df6f] cf];fg]{ klg log} x'g\ . hgtfsf] cu'jfO u5'{ eGg] kf6L{x¿ / hgk|ltlglwx¿sf] of] s/fdt hgtfnfO{ yfxf gePsf] 5}g, 5n{+u 5 . lsGt' clxn] hgtf 6fpsf] p7fpg ;Sg] xfntdf 5}g . o; kl/k|]Iodf s]jn zflGt;'/Iff / 7f8f] OG;fkm ;/n Gofosf] dfq k|tLIff u/]/ a;]sf] hgtfnfO{ ;+ljwfgsf s'/f ;'Gg] rfx klg k6Ss} 5}g . km]l/ hf] lhDd]jf/ 5f}+ eg]/ To:tf s'/f ul//fv]sf 5g\, ltgsf k5fl8 clxn] Pshgf klg 5}g . g oL cfkm\gf] lgjf{rg If]qdf k'Ug ;S5g\ g t hgtfn] g} logsf] pkl:ylt rflx/x]sf] 5 . ;+ljwfgleq %& sf] v]n v]Ng] 5'6n] cGwf] agfPsf ;f+;bx¿ st} s]xL b]Vg]jfnf 5}gg\ . olb ;+ljwfgdf /fhfnfO{ lbO/fv]sf] ;'emfj lbg] / ;r]t u/fpg] wf/fdf cr]tx¿nfO{ lrdf]6]/ Ao'"emfpg ;Sg] clwsf/ ePsf] eP ;fy} dtbftfx¿nfO{ sd;]sd $), %) k|ltztsf] lx;fadf k|Tofx\jfg ug{ ;Sg] clwsf/ /flvlbPsf] eP klg of] bf]xf]/f] l;+u]8f]/Ln] aflw"bf o:tf ax/ uf]? jf h?jfx¿n] d]nf] kqm]/ lx"8\g] lyP . of] b"/b[li6 ;+ljwfg lgdf{tfx¿df klg b]Vg kfOPg . clxn] hgtfnfO{ kl5 ws]n]/ cfkm" ;bgleq eP klg tL ;f+;bx¿ :jo+ aGbLh:tf] eO{ 56\k6fO/xg'kg]{ sxfnLnfUbf] cg'ejdf t k/]sf g} xf]nfg\ . o:tf] kl/l:yltsf] l;h{gf s;/L eof] clxn]sf lhDd]jf/hlt ;a}n] k5fl8 kms]{/ cfTdfnf]rgf ug'{ g} kg]{ x'G5 . h] xf];\, cfkm\g} lqmofsnfkn] of] d'n'snfO{ o:tf] ultdf k'¥ofOof] eg]/ /fhgLltsdL{x¿ hltn] lhDd]jf/L cfkm\gf] yfKnf]df yfKg'kb{5 . cGoyf cfkm\gf] cf}lrTo ;dfKt ePsf] 3f]if0ff ul/lbg' :jwd{ xf] . oL ;a} elgg] s'/f eP cfzf ug{ ;lsG5, ljZjf; /fVg ;lsGg . t/ ca k|tLIff ug]{ a]nf klg 5}g .

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g]skf Pdfn]df k|hftGq 5 jf 5}g <

dx]zdl0f bLlIft

g]skf -Pdfn]_ n] cfkm\gf] ;ftf}+ clwj]zg df3 !*–@@ df ub}{5 . h;n] ubf{ k|d'v ljkIfL kf6L{ x'"b} p;sf] sDo'lg:6 kf6L{df ax'bnLo ;+;bLo k|hftGqsf] cg's"n k|hftGq slt 5 jf 5}g eGg] k|Zg p7\g' Psbd} :jfefljs xf] . k|hftflGqs geO{ s'g} klg bnn] ax'bnLo k|hftGqsf] k'gM:yfkgf / ;+/If0f ug{ ;Sb}g eGg] cfd ;xdlt ePsfn] klg Pdfn]df k|hftGq slt 5 eGg] ;jfn p7\5 . /fHo g]t[Tjsf] clwgfosjfbL rl/qn] /fHosf] ;+/rgfnfO{ s]lGb|t ug]{ u/]sf] ;xkf6L{ g]t[Tjsf] clwgfosjfbL rl/qn] klg ;fgf] u'6sf] cfwf/df 7"nf] cfsf/sf] bnsf] ;~rfng ug{ vf]Hb5 . clxn] c;f]h !* kl5 ;fgf] u'6n] Jofks k|zf;g / hgtfnfO{ ;~rfng ug{ vf]Hb}5 .

/fhgLlts kf6L{df k|hftGqsf] ofqf To;sf] /fhgLlts k|lta4tfx¿ / ;+u7gfTds ;+/rgfsf] agf]6df lge{/ ub{5 . g]skf -Pdfn]_ sf] @)$& kl5 /fhgLlts k|lta4tfsf] ¿kdf ax'bnLo k|hftGq, df}lns clwsf/sf] ;+/If0f, :jtGq Gofofno, sfg'gsf] /fHo, cfjlws lgjf{rg, zf;s / ljkIfL kf6L{x¿sf] pkl:yltsf] :jLs[lt 5g\ . oL k|lta4tfx¿sf] csf]{ kIf ljs]Gb|Ls/0f, :jtGq k|zf;g, ;fdflhs Gofosf] :yfkgf, e|i6frf/sf] lj/f]w OToflb 5g\ . k|hftGqsf oL ;a} kIfx¿nfO{ hgtfsf] ax'bnLo hgjfbL l;4fGt elgPsf] 5 . Pdfn]sf] dfGotf 5, hgtfsf] ax'bnLo hgjfb -hah_ sf oL kIfx¿ ;dfhjfb jf cfly{s zf]if0f/lxt ;dfhdf klg x'g]5g\ . oL kIfx¿sf] pkl:ylt hgtf jf ;j{xf/fsf] clwgfosTjsf] cleGg c+u xf] . t;y{ hah dfS;{jfb–n]lggjfbsf] l;h{gfTds ljsf; xf] . Pdfn] ax'bnLo ;+;bLo k|hftGqdfkm{t\ hgkIfLo /fHo / ;dfhjfbdf k'Ug ;lsG5 eGg] dfGotfdf 5 .

Pdfn]sf] ;+u7gdf cGtlg{lxt k|hftGq To;sf ;ldltx¿sf] lg0ff{os e"ldsf, JolQm ;fd"lxssf] cGtu{t a:g}kg]{ Joj:yf, cNkdt ax'dtsf] cwLg x'g'kg]{ l:ylt Pj+ ;a} kbflwsf/Lx¿ lgjf{lrt x'g' g} kg]{ Joj:yf xf] . ;+u7gfTds k|hftGqsf] csf]{ kIf cfkm\gf ;ldltx¿df cfkm\gf ljrf/x¿sf] lglDt ;+3if{ ug]{ 5'6 / dxflwj]zgsf] ;dodf kf6L{sf] /0fgLlt, sfo{gLlt, sfof{Gjog kIf / sfo{qmdaf/] cfkm\gf] ljrf/nfO{ lgjf{w ¿kdf kf6L{leq k|:t't ug{ kfpg] clwsf/ xf] .

of] kf6L{df lhNnf ;Dd]ngn] lhNnf sfo{sfl/0fL tyf lhNnf sfo{sfl/0fLn] lhNnf ;lrjsf] lgjf{rg ub{5 . To;}u/L s]Gb|Lo dxflwj]zgn] s]Gb|Lo ;ldltsf] tyf s]Gb|Lo ;ldltn] dxf;lrj / :yfoL ;ldlt -s]Gb|Lo sfo{sfl/0fL_ nfO{ lgjf{lrt ub{5 / ltgLsf] lhDd]jf/LnfO{ lglZrt ub{5 . s]Gb|Lo ;ldltn] s'g} klg a]nfdf dxf;lrj / :yfoL ;ldltsf ;b:ox¿nfO{ kbaf6 x6fpg ;Sb5 . o; cy{df Pdfn]df g]tf s]Gb|Lo ;ldlt x'G5 / dxf;lrj ;+of]hgstf{ dfq x'G5 . dxf;lrj / :yfoL ;ldltsf ;b:ox¿ s]Gb|Lo ;ldltk|lt lhDd]jf/ x'G5g\ .

Pdfn]df dxf;lrjnfO{ s'g} klg ljz]ifflwsf/ k|fKt 5}g . p;nfO{ Ps JolQmnfO{ klg s]xL klg lgo'Qm ug]{ clwsf/ x'Gg . dxf;lrj s]Gb|Lo ;ldltdf :yfoL ;ldltdfkm{t\ cfpg'kb{5 . s]Gb|Lo ;ldltsf ;b:ox¿nfO{ lgb]{zg s]Gb|Lo ;ldlt of :yfoL ;ldltn] dfq lbG5g\ Pj+ ltgLx¿n] cfkm\gf] sfo{qmdsf] k|ltj]bg :yfoL ;ldltdfkm{t\ jf ;f]em} s]Gb|Lo ;ldltdf k]; ub{5g\ . dxf;lrjn] cfkm\gf] k|To]s lg0f{onfO{ :yfoL ;ldltdf cg'df]bg u/fpg'k5{ .

c¿ kf6L{x¿df s]Gb|Lo ;efklt;/x Pdfn]df dxf;lrj kbdf To:tf] JolQm 5flgG5, h;df dxflwj]zgsf /fhgLlts, ;+u7gfTds, k//fi6«, g}lts Pj+ cfWoflTds lg0f{ox¿nfO{ :yfoL ;ldlt / s]Gb|Lo ;ldltsf ;b:ox¿aLr ;dGjo u/]/ ltgLx¿af6 sfof{Gjog u/fpg] Ifdtf x'G5 . o:tf] Ifdtfn] ldqtf, ldng;fl/tf, gd|tf, ;xof]u lng] / lbg] kIfx¿sf] dfu ub{5 . h;df cfkm"df jf p;df /x]sf sdhf]/Lx¿sf] klxrfg ug]{ / ltgLx¿nfO{ qmdzM x6fp"b} hfg] Ifdtf x'G5 . cyf{t\ dxf;lrjdf s'g} ljz]ifflwsf/ geP tfklg pk/f]Qm Ifdtf / u'0fn] ubf{ Tof] JolQm ;j{dfGo eP/ ;Dk"0f{ kf6L{sf] g]tf x'g k'Ub5 . h;n] ubf{ dxf;lrj kf6L{ xf"Sg] dgf]j}1flgs s]Gb| x'g k'Ub5 .

o;f] eGg'sf] cy{ :yfoL ;ldlt jf s]Gb|Lo ;ldltsf c¿ ;b:ox¿df oL Ifdtfx¿ x'"b}gg\ eGg' xf]Og . t/ dxf;lrjdf a9L dfqf x'G5 eGg' xf] .

Pdfn]df dxf;lrj s]Gb|Lo ;ldlt jf :yfoL ;ldltdf ;+of]hgstf{, sf]cl8{g]6/ dfq} ePsf]n] of] kf6L{df dxflwj]zgaf6 g} /f]lhg] jf s]Gb|Lo ;ldltaf6 /f]lhg] csf]{ s'g} ;+of]hgstf{, ;efklt, pk;efklt OToflbsf] cfjZostf kb}{g . Pdfn]df ;+u7g, lg0f{o ug]{ ljz]ifflwsf/ s]Gb|Lo ;ldltdf dfq} x'g] x'gfn] dxf;lrjsf] ¿kdf Pp6f ;+of]hgstf{n] Tof] cfjZostfsf] k"lt{ ub{5 . ;efklt, pk;efklt, pkdxf;lrj jf sf]iffWoIfnfO{ ha s'g} ljz]ifflwsf/ x'Gg eg] gfdsf] lglDt kbx¿sf] l;h{gf ug'{sf] s'g} cy{ x'"b}g . sfo{ lhDdf / To;sf] sfof{Gjog g} dxŒjk"0f{ xf] / :yfoL ;ldltsf ;a} ;b:ox¿sf] ;dfg lhDd]jf/L / kb 5 eg] gof" kbx¿sf] l;h{gf u/]/ ax's]Gb| lsg v8f ug]{ k|Zg :jfefljs ¿kdf p7\b5 . ax's]Gb|n] :jfefljs ¿kdf åGå v8f ub{5 .

Pdfn]sf] dxflwj]zgn] s]Gb|Lo ;ldltsf] lgjf{rg u/]sf] 5 . To;n] ;efklt, pk;efklt OToflb lgjf{lrt u¥of] eg] oL kbx¿ :jfefljs ¿kdf s]Gb|Lo ;ldltsf] k|lt:kwf{df k'Ub5g\ / ltgLx¿n] ljz]ifflwsf/ dfUg]5g\ . cyf{t\ s]Gb|Lo ;ldltsf] clwsf/sf] ljefhg ug'{kg]{ x'G5 . s]Gb|Lo ;ldltn] g} ljz]ifflwsf/ gePsf gof" kbx¿ v8f ug'{df s'g} cf}lrTo x'g} ;Sb}g .

g]kfnL sf+u|];df ;efkltdf ofjt\ clwsf/ x'G5 . Tof] clwsf/sf] k|of]u u/]/ ;efkltn] sfo{;ldltdf !% ;b:ox¿nfO{ dgf]gLt ub{5 / sfo{;ldltsf dgf]gLt / lgjf{lrt !) ;b:ox¿aLr kbx¿sf] l;h{gf u/]/ cfkm"df lglxt clwsf/x¿sf] k|Tofof]hg ub{5 . t/ Pdfn]df s]Gb|Lo ;ldltsf] lgjf{rg dxf;ldltn] ub{5 . t;y{ kbx¿sf] ;+Vofsf] cfwf/df s'g} klg kf6L{nfO{ a9L jf 36L k|hftflGqs ePsf] eGg ;lsGg .

sDo'lg:6 kf6L{df dxf;lrjsf] lg/+s'ztf -:6flng_ jf cWoIfsf] lg/+s'ztfsf] -dfcf]T;]t'ª_ hGd zflGtsfndf jf :yfoL ;ldltsf] ax'dtn] s]Gb|Lo ;ldltsf] pk]Iff ubf{ub}{ jf u[xo'4sfndf cWoIfdf ;}lgs zlQm s]lGb|t ePsfn] ePsf] xf] . t/ ha–ha /fhgLlts jf :yfoL ;ldltn] cfkm\gf] lhDd]jf/L k"/f ub}{g jf /fhgLlts ;ldltn] s]Gb|Lo ;ldltdf cfkm\gf] sfo{x¿sf] k"0f{ l/kf]l6{ª / d"Nof+sg ug]{ ljlwsf] pNn+3g ug]{ ub{5, ta–ta dxf;lrj kb ;j]{;jf{ x'g yfNb5 . s]Gb|Lo ljefux¿, s]Gb|Lo k|mofS;gx¿sf k|d'vx¿n] cfkm\gf] cof]Uotf, cIfdtf jf nfk/afxLn] ubf{ cfkm"n] lnPsf] sfo{lhDdfsf] l/kf]l6{ª s]Gb|Lo ;ldltdf ug{ 5f]8\b5g\, ta dxf;lrjdfly sfo{af]em a9\b} hfG5, h;n] p;nfO{ dgv';L lg0f{o ug{ nufp"b5 / cfkm\gf] ax'dt u'6 -5nkmn / lg0f{o ug{sf] lglDt_ v8f ug]{lt/ 3r3Rofp"b5 . h;n] ubf{ ltg} cof]Uo–cIfdx¿ dxf;lrjsf] lg/+s'ztfaf/] rsf]{ s'/f ug{ yfNb5g\ .

g]skf -Pdfn]_ sf] ;f+u7lgs ;d:of cWoIf, pkfWoIf, dxf;lrj jf sf]iffWoIf kbx¿sf] cefj eP/ dxf;lrj lg/+s'z x'g uPsf]af6 xf]Og . ;d:ofsf] s]Gb|ljGb' s]b|Lo ljefu jf s]Gb|Lo k|mofS;gx¿sf s]xL k|d'vx¿nfO{ s]Gb|Lo ;ldlt jf :yfoL ;ldltdf cfkm\gf] sfo{lhDdf / To;sf] sfof{Gjogaf/] l/kf]l6{ª ug{af6 5'6 x'g' xf] . cfkm\gf] ljefu jf k|mofS;gsf] lgoldt a}7s gu/fpg', cfkm\gf] sfo{sf] s8f d"Nof+sg gug'{ / To;sf] hfgsf/L s]Gb|Lo ;ldltdf glbg] k/Dk/f jf 5'6n] ubf{ To:tf] g]tfdf …cfkm"n] h] u/] klg x'G5 / cfkm" ;aeGbf of]UoÚ eGg] cx+ hfUg k'Ub5 . of] afgLa]xf]/f @)!@ ;fnkl5 sDo'lg:6 cfGbf]ngdf a/fa/ /x\of], h;n] ubf{ sDo'lg:6 kf6L{ af/Daf/ km'6\b} uof] . cfTdk/LIff jf cfTdd"Nof+sgsf] cefj pm dflyNnf] ;ldltk|lt pQ/bfloTjsf] cefjn] ubf{ JolQmdf cfkm\gf] /fhgLlts, g}lts / ;+u7gfTds Ifdtfaf/] Hofb} a9L d"Nof+sg ug]{ afgL a:b5 . k|To]s ;L;LPd jf kLaLPd cfkm"nfO{ kLaLPd jf ljBdfg dxf;lrj ;/xsf] eGbf k'Ub5 . Pdfn]sf] d"n ;d:of dxf;lrj :yfoL jf s]Gb|Lo ;ldltn] ;+of]hgstf{sf] ¿kdf -lg/+s'ztf_ s8fO gug'{df lglxt 5 .

;ftf}+ dxflwj]zgsf] ;Gbe{df Pdfn]sf] ;+u7gfTds ;+/rgfaf/] pTkGg ljjfbaf/] 5nkmn ubf{ s] j:t'ut l:yltlt/ Wofg lbg'k5{ eg] dxf;lrj g]kfn / jt{dfg s]Gb|Lo ;ldltsf] g]t[Tjdf g} g]skf -Pdfn]_ n] @)%! / @)%^ ;fndf r'gfjdf ce"tk"j{ ;kmntf k|fKt u/]sf] xf], @)%* ;fndf Pdfn] / dfn]sf] PsLs/0f eof], sflQs @&, @)%( df ;+;bLo lgjf{rg ePsf] eP ax'dt cfpg] ;Defjgf lyof] . Pdfn]df ! nfv @) xhf/ ;lqmo ;b:o, @ nfv ;fwf/0f ;b:o, To;sf hgjuL{o ;+u7gx¿df %–^ nfv yk ;b:ox¿ eP/ Tof] /fi6«JofkL kf6L{df ablng k'u]sf] xf] . Tof] kf6L{sf] s]Gb|Lo ;ldltn] cfkm\gf] /0fgLlt / sfo{gLltsf] ;kmn sfof{Gjog ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . of] kf6L{ k|hftGq, /fli6«otf / hghLljsfsf] /Iffsf] k|Zgdf cu|0fL 7fp"df 5 . ljut kf"r jif{x¿df of] kf6L{sf] :yfoL ;ldlt / s]Gb|Lo ;ldltdf s'g} ljz]if dte]b ePg . clxn] of] kf6L{ c;f]h !* sf] zfxL 3f]if0ffnfO{ lkmtf{ u/fpg Jofks k|hftflGqs / jfddf]rf{sf] lgdf{0f ug{ / lg0ff{os ;+3if{ ug]{lt/ a9\b}5 . tyfslyt ;f+u7lgs ;+/rgfsf] sdLn] ubf{ clxn];Dd of] kf6L{sf] ljsf;df s'g} afwf lbPsf] kfOPsf] 5}g . s]Gb|Lo ;ldltsf] ;fd"lxs g]t[TjcGtu{t dxf;lrj k4ltsf] sfof{Gjogn] kf6L{sf] ljsf;df s'g} afwf lbPsf] 5}g .

efjL hg;+3if{x¿sf] c;Defjgflagfsf] k[i7e"lddf s'g} sf/0f g} geO{, cd"t{ k|hftGqsf] sdL 5 eGb}, ljBdfg ;+/rgfnfO{ eTsfP/ ax's]Gb| cfwfl/t s]Gb|Lo ;ldltsf] lgdf{0fn] efjL ;+3if{x¿ / ;+u7gdf k|lts"n k|efj kg'{ lglZrt 5 . hgcfGbf]ngx¿sf] e'd/Lx¿ v8f ug'{kg]{ l:yltdf k/LlIft ;+/rgfnfO{ eTsfP/ ck/LlIft ;+/rgfsf] :yfkgf ug'{k5{ eGg] dfu a'em\g g;lsg] ePsf] 5 .

clxn] Pdfn]sf] s]Gb|Lo ;ldltdf %^ / ! sf] cg'kft 5 . oxL s]Gb|Lo ;ldlt s]xL yk36;fy km]l/ lgjf{lrt x'g' lglZrt 5 . of] cj:yfdf dxflwj]zgn] cWoIf OToflb /f]h] klg -h'g s'/fsf] ;'lglZrttf Ps k|ltzt klg 5}g_ Tof] cWoIfsf] s]Gb|Lo ;ldltl;t af/Daf/ 6Ss/ x'g' lglZrt x'g]5 .

cWoIf jf dxf;lrj kb cfkm}+df k|ultzLn jf k|ltlqmofjfbL x'Gg . d'Vo s'/f xf], Tof] ;fd"lxs lg0f{o cGtu{t sfd ub{5 ls ub}{g . s]Gb|Lo ;ldltnfO{ lg/+s'z clwsf/ k|fKt 5 jf 5}g . of] k[i7e"lddf Pdfn]df dxf;lrj kb lg/+s'ztflt/ a9\g] s'g} cfwf/ 5}g . lsgeg] To;f] ugf{;fy Tof] kbd'Qm x'g ;Sb5 . of] cy{df clxn] g]skf -Pdfn]_ sf] s]Gb|Lo g]t[Tjdf gof" kbx¿sf] l;h{gf ug'{ ;+u7gsf] lglDt k|To'Tkfbs x'g k'Ug]5 . clxn] Pdfn]df hlt k|hftGq 5, Tof] kof{Kt 5 .

cTofw'lgs k|hftGq g]kfndf dfq 5

cgGtofqL >Lw/ vgfn

tkfO{+n] ljZjdf w]/} lsl;dsf k|hftGq b]Vg'ePsf] 5 . st} u0ftGqfTds k|hftGq t st}–st} /fhtGqfTds k|hftGq / st} t ;}lgs k|hftGq;d]t b]Vg] ;f}efUo tkfO{+n] k|fKt ug'{ePsf] 5 . b'ef{Uo Pp6} s] 5 eg] cfkm\g} b]zdf ljBdfg cTofw'lgs k|hftGqsf] rflx" tkfO{+n] e]p kfpg ;Sg'ePsf] 5}g . o:tf] of] k|hftGqsf] clwsf/ If]q Hofb} km}lnPsf] 5 . ;+ljwfgsf] Ps–Ps zAb s07 kf/]/ klg To;df tkfO{+sf] b[li6 k'Ug} ;Sb}g . Pp6f ;fdfGo gful/sb]lv lnP/ sd{rf/L, k|zf;s, Jofkf/L, pBf]uklt, jlsn, GofofwLz, k|x/L, ;]gf x'"b} b/af/;Dd klg EofPsf] 5 Tof] cTofw'lgs k|hftGqn] lbPsf clwsf/x¿n] . ;aeGbf b'MvnfUbf] s'/f t s] 5 eg] xfd|f s]xL jl/i7 egfp"bf g]tfx¿ …xfd|f] ax'bnLo k|hftGqsf] lj?4 if8\oGq eO/fv]sf] 5 / To;df ljb]zL tŒjsf] klg xft x'g ;S5Ú eg]/ af/Daf/ hgtfnfO{ /ge'Nndf kfb}{5g\ . lagf b;Lk|df0f k|hftGqsf] lj?4 7"nf] if8\oGq eO/x]sf] cf/f]k nufpg] g]tfx¿nfO{ ;/sf/n], sfg'gn] / ;fwf/0f hgtfn] ;d]t 6]/k'R5/ nfPsf 5}gg\ . cTofw'lgs k|hftGqsf] dof{bf sfod u/]/ …ltdLn] k|hftGq vQd kfg]{ if8\oGqdf xft x'g ;Sg] eg]sf ljb]zL tŒj sf] x'g\ < ef/t, e'6fg, a+unfb]z, kfls:tfg, rLg, ¿;, cd]l/sf sf] x'g\ t <Ú xfd|f g]tfx¿nfO{ o:tf k|Zg ;f]Wg] ck|hftflGqs tŒjx¿ cfh b]zdf 5}gg\ . o;/L g]tfx¿ cGo k|hftflGqs b]zsf g]tfx¿n] gkfPsf ;d:t clwsf/x¿sf] :jR5Gb pkef]u ub}{ cfPsf 5g\ . / klg aLr–aLrdf ax'bnLo k|hftGqsf] kIfaf6 ;+3if{, cfGbf]ng / hgkl/rfng ug]{ wDsL lbO/x]sf 5g\ .

cfkm" ))& ;fnb]lv g} …u|fG8 l8hfOgÚ ub}{ cfPsf s]xL g]tf )%* ;fndf b/af/ sf08 ePkl5 To;nfO{ …u|fG8 l8hfOgÚ sf] pkh eg]/ cfkm" klg ck|ToIf ¿kn] Tof] jLeT; sf08df ;+nUg ePsf] :jLsf/ ub}{5g\ . ut !( ut] lj/f6gu/df k"jf{~rnsf hgtfn] /fhfsf] eJo clegGbg u/] . To;df s]xL a'l4dfg g]tfx¿n] ;xif{ efu lnP . t/ s]xL kf6L{sf g]tfx¿n] /fhfnfO{ hgtfaf6 clegGbg x'g] clwsf/ 5}g eg]/ To;sf] alxisf/ u/] . pgLx¿ To; clegGbg ;df/f]xdf /fhfaf6 /fi6« / hgtfsf gfddf ;Gb]z aS;g] s'/fn] t;]{ . nf} oxL df}sf kf/]/ /fhfn] ax'bnLo k|hftGqnfO{ k|ltudgsf] lbzfdf ws]Ng] k"j{ xNnf pgLx¿n] rnfP . t/ Tof] Joy{ eof] . gful/s clegGbg ;df/f]xdf nfvf}+ hgtfn] g]kfnsf] /fhtGq / /fhf/fgLsf] eJo :jfut u/] . /fhfaf6 klg df};'kmaf6 /fHof/f]x0f ul/aS;]b]lv g} a/fa/ JoQm /fhtGqfTds k|hftGqk|lt c6n sl6a4tf k'gM bf]xf]¥ofOalS;of] . df};'kmaf6 ToxL lbzfdf sfd ug{ ;/sf/nfO{ s]xL lgb]{zg klg aS:of] . To;sf] nuQ} /fhfsf] clegGbgk|lt ljifjdg ug]{ g]tfx¿ ca To;sf] kIfdf ;sf/fTds cd[t af]nL af]Ng yfn] . g]tfn] o;/L cfkm\gf] e"n nuQ} :jLsf/]sf] 36gf obfsbf dfq kfOG5 . To;af6 g]tfx¿ /fhtGqLo k|hftGqsf] lj?4 k"jf{u|xL xf]Og /x]5g\ eGg] hgwf/0ff aG5 . t/ To;sf] b'O{ lbgkl5 u|fG8 l8hfOg/ luk|sf]n] a'6jnsf] cfd;efdf >L % af6 ;a} kf6L{ 6'qm\ofpg] sfd x'g yfn]sf] cf/f]k nufpg'eof] . g]kfnL sf+u|]; ¿kGb]xLåf/f ;f]daf/ a'6jndf cfof]lht cfd;efdf luk|sf]n] /fhfaf6 …ltdLx¿ lsg h'6\b}gf}Ú eGb} csf{lt/ kf6L{ 6'qm\ofpg] sfd eO/x]sf] pNn]v ug'{eof] . of] 7f8} em"6f] / cgkTofl/nf] egfOnfO{ k'li6 ug{ u|fG8 l8hfOg/ sf]O/fnfn] gful/s clegGbg ;df/f]xdf >L % af6 aS;]sf] 3f]if0ffaf6 …/fhfn] k|ltufdL zlQmsf] g]t[Tj lng vf]h]sf]Ú lgisif{df cfkm" k'u]sf] lg0f{o hgtfnfO{ ;'gfpg'eof] . luk|sf] o;/L cfkm\gf] s'/f cfkm}+ sf6\g'x'G5 . cTofw'lgs k|hftGqn] lbPsf] u}/sfg'gL clwsf/sf] k|of]u u/]/ /fhfb]lv /+s;Dd ;a}nfO{ ldYof cf/f]k nufP/ cfTd/ltdf r'n'{Dd 8'Ag'ePsf] 5 .

oxf" luk|sf], dfs'g], cf]nL nufotsf g]tfx¿sf] dfq cfnf]rgf ul/Psf] 5}g . of] t u|fG8 l8hfOgdf ;+nUg c¿ cfof]usf ;b:o / Gofo;]jfdf sfo{/t dxfg'efjx¿sf] klg ljZn]if0f xf] . clVtof/ b'?kof]u cg';Gwfgn] e|i6frf/ cg';Gwfg l;nl;nfdf s]xL k"j{dGqLx¿nfO{ rf}v'¥ofP/ aGbL agfpg' n/t/f] sfd xf]Og . o;af6 hgdfg;df /fhgLlts tyf k|zf;lgs e|i6frf/sf] cGTo x'g] xf};nf a9\of] . g]tfx¿ cfkm\gf k"j{dGqLx¿sf] rl/qxTof u/]/ ax'bnLo k|hftGqsf] h/f] pv]Ng] k|of; xf] of] eGg yfn] . dGqLx¿sf] d'2tL vftfdf ePsf] ;DklQ ljj/0f cvaf/df k9]/ hgtfn] 7Ls} eof] eGg] wf/0ff lnof] . t/ cfof]un] sflGtk'/ k|sfzgsf k|aGw lgb]{zs s}nfz l;/f]lxofnfO{ ;]So'l/6L a08 lkmtf{ lnPsf] cf/f]kdf y'g]kl5 To;nfO{ klg ;d:t sfg'gljb\, a'l4hLjL / cy{ljb\x¿n] k"jf{u|x eg]/ l;/f]lxofnfO{ 5'6fP . cGttf]uTjf k"j{dGqLx¿ klg 5'6] . ;'lgG5, pgLx¿n] Ps nfvb]lv b'O{ s/f]8;Ddsf] w/f}6L /fv]/ 5'6sf/f kfPsf x'g\ . clVtof/n] cTofw'lgs k|hftGqsf] clwsf/ kfP/ s]xL k"j{dGqL, ;lrj–;x;lrj :t/sf sd{rf/Lx¿nfO{ kqm]sf] lyof] . t/ s]xL g]tf / sfg'gljb\n] kof{Kt b;Lk|df0f gk'u]sf] ax; u/]/ dGqLx¿nfO{ 5'6fPsf 5g\ . To:t} s'g} klg GofofwLz ls k|wfgGofofwLzn] cfkm" kbdf /x"bf cbfntsf lj;+ultx¿df af]Ng ;Sb}gYof] . Gofo;]jfaf6 cjsfz kfPkl5 rflx" p;n] sfg'gdf ePsf] q'l6, Gofokflnsfsf k/:k/ lj/f]wL lgodx¿ / cGo klg To:t} lj;+ultx¿df lgeL{s eP/ af]Ng kfPsf] 5 . d'Vo s'/f] t s] eg] xfdLn] cTofw'lgs k|hftGqsf] dd{ ga'em]/ s'g g]tfn] s] af]Nof], clVtof/n] c¿ s;–s;nfO{ ;dfof] / sf]–sf] cfof]usf] cf"vfdf d't]/ pDs] eGg]h:tf uf}0f s'/fx¿df dfq Wofg lbg yfNof}+ eg] xfd|f] eljio /fd|f] x'g] 5}g . To;}n] g]kfndf ljBdfg cTofw'lgs k|hftGqsf ;b\u'0fx¿ dfq cfTd;ft ub}{ cl3 a9]df ;+j}wflgs /fhtGqfTds k|hftGq xfd|f nflu kmlnkmfk x'g]5 . lsgeg] ;+j}wflgs /fhtGqfTds k|hftGqafx]s xfd|f] csf]{ ljsNk 5}g .

cfdf / c;QL h]d/fhx¿

u'0f/fh n'O+6]n

;dfh / ;+:s[ltdf ljBdfg c;+Vo odb"tx¿n] hLjgnfO{ b'is/ kfl//x]sf 5g\ . tL cg]s e]if / ¿kdf /x]sf 5g\ . sf]xL /fhgLlts ¿kdf, sf]xL ;fdflhs ¿kdf / sf]xL cfºg} kl/jf/sf cgGo ;b:osf ¿kdf /x]sf x'g ;S5g\ . k|ultzLn ;flxTosf/ vu]Gb| ;+u|f}nfn] cfºgf] gof" s[lt …cfdf / odb"tx¿Ú dfkm{t o:tf odb"tx¿nfO{ gfË]emf/ kf/]sf 5g\ . lxGb' wdf{jnDaL k08fx¿n] cfºgf lzsf/x¿nfO{ ;'gfp"b} cfPsf] …u?8 k'/f0fÚ df jl0f{t vt/gfs odb"tx¿eGbf klg vt/gfs odb"tx¿sf] pkl:ylt xfd|f] ;dfhdf /x]sf] pgn] b]vfPsf 5g\ .

cfºgL ddtfdoL cfdfsf] lgwgkl5 cfdfnfO{ ;Demgf ub}{ n]lvPsf] o; s[ltnfO{ :d[lt syfsf ¿kdf cl3 ;fl/Psf] 5 . n]vsn] cfºgf] ;]/f]km]/f]nfO{ ;d;fdlos /fhgLlt;"u hf]8\b} cfkm"nfO{ eGg dg nfu]sf s'/fnfO{ ;f"Rr} ?vf] jf /l;nf] z}nLdf eg]sf 5g\ . ut jif{ dfl6{g rf}tf/Låf/f cfof]lht …/fOl6ª l/l6«6Ú sf ;xefuL ;+u|f}nfn] u?8 k'/f0fsf] zNolqmof ug]{ qmddf of] s[lt tof/ kf/]sf x'g\ . s[ltdfkm{t y'k|} nf}lss / cnf}lss odb"tx¿;"u ;fIffTsf/ u/fpg pgL ;kmn 5g\ .

cfdfsf] lgwg x'g'df k/f]If¿kdf ;/sf/sf] xft 5 eGbf sltkonfO{ cgf}7f] nfUg ;S5 . dfcf]jfbLn] …hgo'4Ú yfn]sf] Ps ;ftf k'Ubfgk'Ub} ;+u|f}nfnfO{ lu/ºtf/ u/]kl5 cfdf a9L ylng'x'G5 . of] lu/ºtf/Lkl5 lk/}lk/n] cfdfsf] cj:yf sdhf]/ x'g'df ;/sf/sf] xft geP s;sf] 5 t <

l/xf ug]{ a]nfdf ;a}eGbf 7"nf] gf6s x'G5 . vu]Gb| ;+u|f}nfh:tf s[ifsfo z/L/wf/L n]vsnfO{ …;fj{hlgs ;8sdf k|x/Lsf] Eofgdfly 9'+uf–d'9f u/]sf] / k6s–k6s ;DemfO–a'emfO{ ubf{ klg gdfgL zflGt–;'/Iffdf vnn k'¥ofPsf] x'"bf l:yltnfO{ lgoGq0fdf lng tkfO{nfO{ lu/ºtf/ ul/Psf] 5Ú eGg] Joxf]/fsf] k'hL{ lbP/ y'gfdf /flvPsf] lyof] . gful/snfO{ km";fpgsf lglDt /fHon] s;/L em"7d'6sf] v]tL u5{ eGg] of] Pp6f pbfx/0f xf] .

;+u|f}nf xTof–/fhgLltsf] kIfdf 5}gg\ . ufp"df hGd]sf] ul/a aa'/f] k|x/L dfl/Psf]df klg pgL plQs} ;xfg'e"ltzLn 5g\ . emDs]emf]n / s'v'/fsf] df;' n8fpg] p;sf ;kgf tx;gx; ePsf] klg plQs} /f]rs kf/fdf rrf{ u5{g\ pgL . pgsf] odb"tdflysf] of] n]vg ;'? x'G5– tTsfnLg …rdfn] ;/sf/Ú cyf{t\ rGb / Pdfn]sf] ;fem]bf/L ;/sf/sf] kfnfdf Nofpg vf]lhPsf] cft+s lgoGq0f ljw]ossf] lj/f]wsf nflu la/fdL cfdfnfO{ 5f]8]/ To;sf] c+u|]hL cg'jfbdf ;+nUg x'g'k/]sf] cj:yfaf6 . y'k|} gf}/+uL ;/sf/sf] u7gkl5 d'n's clxn] of] ;+s6df cfOk'u]sf] 5 . ;+s6sf nIf0f b]lvg yfn]sf tL lbgnfO{ ;lDemg ;+u|f}nfn] dbt u/]sf 5g\ .

vf6af6 cfdf v:g'sf] sf/0f /fd|/L pxf"nfO{ x]g{ gkfpg' g} xf] . …o; rdfn] /fx'n] d[To'zøofdf 56\k6fO/x]sL xfd|L cfdfnfO{ h3Go qm"/tf;fy vf6af6 s8f e'O"df 8ª\/Ë v;flnlbof] .Ú

sxL+ efj'stf, sxL+ cfqmf]zn] el/Psf 5g\ k+lQmx¿ . cfdfsf] lgwgkl5 5f]/f5f]/Lsf dgdf pTkGg x'g] dgf]bzf;d]t oxf" pb\3f6g ePsf] 5 . …o; ;+;f/df cfdf x'g'x'GYof] / g} d eP" . d cem} o; ;+;f/df 5"b}5', t/ cfdf eg] ca d]/f] ;dLkdf x'g'x'Gg . ca cfdfn] af]n]sf] slxNo} ;'Gg kfO"b}g . cfdf xf";]sf] slxNo} b]lv+b}g . cfdfsf cfl;s yfKg slxNo} kfO"b}g . d]/f] 5ftLsf] eSsfgf] emg\ hf]8–hf]8n] alNsg yfNof] . ?G5', 5ftL vf]n]/ lwt d?Gh]n ca ?G5'– dgdg} d}n] sNkgf u/]+=== sf]7fsf] 9f]sfdf r's'n nufP" . Pp6f xTs]nfn] d'v 5f]k]+ / csf]{ xTs]nf] To;dfly vK6\ofP" . clg cfdfsf] 5ftLdf cg'xf/ /fv]+ / :j/ s07d} bafP/ d Sjf"–Sjf" /f]P" .Ú

;+u|f}nfn] nf}lss odb"tx¿sf] ;fIfFTsf/ cfdfsf] lsl/of gug]{ lg0f{o u/]b]lv g} ug'{k¥of] . cfkm"n] cfdfsf] lhGbuL x'"b} ;s];Dd ul/;s]sf] x'gfn] yk kfv08 gug]{ ;+u|f}nfsf] OR5f kl/jt{g ug{ cfkmGtx¿sf] hf]/h'n'd ;'? eof] . nf]snfhsf nflu b]vfpg'k5{ eGg] cg'go–ljgo / wDsL cfof] . 3f6df skfn sf6\g c:jLsf/ u/]kl5 g} xfGg] /f"uf]n] h:tf] k'/f]lxtn] x]g{ yfln;s]sf lyP . cyf{t\ pgL ;fIfft h]d/fhsf b"th:tf b]lvP .

cfdf dbf{ klg skfn gsf6\g] …gfl:tsÚ sf ¿kdf ;+u|f}nf b]lvP c¿sf b[li6df . k'/f]lxt afh] / pgsf ;dy{sx¿n] Pskl5 csf]{ cfqmd0f u5{g\ . u?8 k'/f0fsf syf ;'? ePkl5 d[tssf kl/jf/nfO{ kg]{ dfgl;s kL8fnfO{ pgL dx;'; u5{g\ . dlxnfk|lt ul/g] å]ifn] klg pgnfO{ plQs} på]lnt kf5{ . cfdfsf] clGtd ;+:sf/sf a]nfdf ;d]t pgn] ;xL gfd atfpg ;Sb}gg\ . k'?if k|wfg ;fdflhs ;+/rgfdf x'ls{Psf] 5f]/fsf lglDt cfdfsf] gfd slxNo} cfjZos kb}{g .

hgPstf ;fKtflxsdf gj{bfb]jL eg]/ cfdfsf] t:jL/;lxt ;dj]bgf k|sflzt eof] . cfdfsf] gfd eg] eflu/yf /x]5 . pgL cfo{3f6b]lv lsl/of al;/x]sf] emfkfsf] 3/;Dddf o:t} ;+s6sf] cj:yfdf /xG5g\ . …hLjgel/ xfd|L cfdfsf] gfdsf] slxNo}, sxL+, st} vf"rf] k/]sf] lyPg . cfdfnfO{ ljBfno hfg] cj;/ ldn]g . To;}n] xflh/sfkLdf jf nAwfª\skqdf jf k|df0fkqdf cfdfsf] gfd slxNo} r9]g . 3/fo;L n]gb]gsf td;'s jf cGo lnvtx¿df xfd|f lktfhLs} gfdsf] ;j{q Psflwsf/ lyof] . ltgdf xfd|L cfdfsf] gfdnfO{ slxNo} 7fp" ePg .Ú

u?8 k'/f0fsf k|To]s cWofodf bfg glbg] JolQmnfO{ x'g] oftgfsf eofgs syf ;'gfP/ nf}lss hLjgdf k'/f]lxtn] ug]{ hLljsfdfly ;+u|f}nfn] lgd{d k|xf/ u/]sf 5g\ . k'/ftg ;fdflhs ;+/rgfnfO{ r'gf}tL lbg]x¿nfO{ odb"tx¿n] lbg] oftgfnfO{ pgL clxn]sf dfgj clwsf/jfbL, dlxnf clwsf/jfbL, 5'jf5't lj/f]wL g]tfx¿nfO{ klg o:t} g/sofqf ug'{knf{ egL Joª\UofTds rrf{ u5{g\ .

cfdfsf] lsl/of gu/] klg cfdfsf] gfddf :yfgLo ljBfnodf Pp6f 5fqj[lQ /fv]/ ul/a blntsf 5f]/LnfO{ 5fqj[lQ lbg] pgsf] OR5f cw'/} /xG5 . cfdfsf] lgwgkl5 lhpgL sxf" uof] egL ;fdfGotM kl/jf/df b]lvg] snxn] pgnfO{ b'MvL agfp"5 . nf}lss / kf/nf}lss odb"tx¿;"u ;fIffTsf/ ul//x]sf ;+u|f}nf cGttM cfkm"–cfkm" g} odb"tsf] cjtf/ ePsf] lgisif{df k'U5g\ .

efiff, z}nLsf b[li6sf]0fn] ;+u|f}nfsf] of] s[lt pRrsf]6Lsf] 5 . cf/Deb]lv cGTo;Dd kf7ssf] Wofg tflg/xg ;kmn 5 . em/f{ zAbx¿ / hg>'ltsf efiffsf] k|of]usf] l;Nk klg o;df kfpg ;lsG5 . cfºgL ddtfdoL cfdfnfO{ ;Demg] qmddf of] ;+;f/df slt w]/} odb"tx¿sf] ;fdgf ug'{k5{ eGg] oyfy{ klg ;fj{hlgs u/]sf 5g\ .

k|x/Lsf] ckx/0faf6 l/xf eP/ emfkfsf] 3/df a:bf /flt ca]/;Dd kl9/x]sf] 5f]/f;"u cfdfn] /fv]sf lh1f;fnfO{ k|:t't ul/Psf] ;+jfb /f]rs 5 . ;+jfbsf s]xL k+lQmx¿ M

…x}g, t}n] cem} hf"r lbg' 5 <Ú d]/f] k9fOsf] cy{ a'em\g vf]Hb} cfdfn] ;f]Wg'eof] .

…5}g .Ú

…slt kl9/fVof t lg <Ú

…k9\g'k5{ .Ú

…cf=== slxNo} g;lsg] t]/f] k9fO klg † ef], ;'t\ . cf"vf lalu|G5g\ .Ú

Ps 3G6fkl5 cfdfsf] pxL hl6n lh1f;f bf]xf]l/of], …cf=== k9\bf–k9\b} t]/f] skfn km'ln;sf] . hf"r lbg' gkg]{ of] k9fOsf] t"nfO{ s] sfd <Ú

…cfdf d}n] h]d/fhx¿;"u n8\g' 5 . To;}n] d}n] k9\g'k5{ .Ú

…dfG5]nfO{ cfgGbn] ;'Tg klg glbg] c;QL h]d/fhx¿ †Ú

ljZj Jofkf/ ;+u7gsf] ;b:otf / s[lif cy{tGq

s]kL kGyL

s[lif cy{tGqsf] d'Vo cfwf/ eP tfklg o;sf] e/kbf]{ / :yfoL ljsf;df ;/sf/n] dxŒj lbPsf] 5}g . k|To]s jif{ s[lif cy{tGqdf xf¥; cfO/x]sf] 5 . s[lif Pp6f plrt /f]huf/sf ¿kdf klg kl/lrt 5 . o;df ul/a tyf lk5l8Psf ju{n] /f]huf/ kfPsf 5g\ . c;L k|ltzteGbf a9L hgtf s[lifdf cfwfl/t eP klg o;sf] cfw'lgsLs/0ftkm{ Wofg glbO"bf o;sf] lbuf] ljsf; x'g ;s]sf] 5}g . j}1flgs k|ljlwsf] ljsf; gx'g' klg Pp6f lrGtfsf] ljifo ag]sf] 5, h;n] ubf{ pTkfbsTjdf sdL cfO/x]sf] 5 . s[liftGq jif]{gL w/fzoL aGb} uPsf] 5 .

ljleGg b]zn] s[lifnfO{ k|fyldstf ;"rLdf /fv]/ o;sf] lbuf] ljsf;df hf]8 lbO/x]sf 5g\ . ul/aL lgjf/0fdf s[lif IF]qsf] ljsf; Pp6f dxŒjk"0f{ kIf dfg]/ o;nfO{ k|fyldstf ;"rLdf /flvPsf] 5 . t/ klg o; If]qsf] nIocg'¿k ljsf; x'g ;s]sf] 5}g . o; If]qnfO{ k|fylds ;"rLdf dfq xf]Og, k|fyldstfsf] klxnf] :yfgdf /fv]/ ljsf; ug{'k5{ . clgdfq d'n'ssf] cy{tGq ;jn x'G5 . g]kfnsf] s[lif pkhn] cGt/f{li6«o If]qdf k|lt:kwf{ ug{ g;Sg] xf]Og, ;S5 . t/ ljleGg sl7gfOsf sf/0f Tof] ;Dej x'g ;s]sf] 5}g .

ljleGg s[lif pkhsf] cGt/f{li6«o ahf/df kof{Kt dfu ePsf 5g\ . o; sf/0f klg s[lif If]qnfO{ ljz]if ;Da4{gsf] cfjZostf x'G5 . s[lifdf gof" qmflGtsf] l;h{gf ug{ ;Sg'kb{5 . g]kfndf pTkfbg x'g] s[lif pkhaf6 ljb]zL d'b|f ;xh} xfl;n ug{ ;lsG5 . g]kfndf pTkfbg x'g] :ofpnfO{ cGt/f{li6«o ahf/df k'¥ofg ;s] To; If]qdf ls;fgx¿sf] xf};nf a9\g ;SYof] . cfh b'ef{Uo 5 ef/tsf] sZdL/df pTkflbt :ofpn] g]kfndf ahf/ kfO/x]sf] 5 . :ofp pTkflbt If]qaf6 cGoq ahf/;Dd Nofpg] ;d:of oyfjt\ 5 . ljz]if cToGt b'u{d dflgg] lhNnfx¿ h'Dnf, d':tf8\\, ?s'd, x'Dnf, 8f]Nkf tyf cGo lxdfnL IF]q /x]sf 5g\ . h'Dnfdf dfq} jif]{gL #!#( d]l6«s 6g :ofp pTkfbt x'G5 . t/ Toxf" pTkflbt :ofpn] ahf/ gkfp"bf jif]{gL 7"nf] kl/df0fdf :ofp ToxL ;8]/ hfg] u/]sf] 5 . cToGt b'u{d dflgPsf lxdfnL klZrdL lhNnfdf dfq} jif]{gL !^ xhf/ @ ;o ^@ d]l6«s 6g :ofp pTkfbg x'g] u/]sf] 5 . t/ oftfoft k|aGw gx'"bf Tof] :ofp pTkfbg ynf]d} ;8]/ hfG5 .

skmL, lrof tyf cGo gub] afnLx¿sf] plrt ;Da4{g x'g ;s] jf:tfjdf s[lif cy{tGqdf j[l4 x'g] lyof] . kl:dgf pBf]uaf6 klg ljb]zL d'b|f ;xh} k|fKt ug{ ;lsG5 . ;fy} ljb]zLx¿n] cTolws dg k/fpg] kl:dgfaf6 agfOPsf ;fdfgx¿sf] cTolws dfu eO/x]sf] 5 . s[lif h}ljs ljljwtfsf] cWoog tyf k|;f/–k|;f/ cfjZos 5 . s[lif vfB tyf jg:kltx¿sf] ;+/If0fsf nflu dxŒjk"0f{ sbd rflng'k5{ .

k/Dk/fut¿kdf ls;fgåf/f ul/g] v]tLdf kl/jt{g NofOg'k5{ . ls;fgnfO{ ;dofg';f/sf] v]tL tyf pTkfbgaf/] hfgsf/Ld"ns lzIff k|bfg ug{'k5{ . ls;fgnfO{ s[lif vfB;'/Iff, v]tL ug]{ gof" z}nLdf ljsf;, dnvfb tyf aLplahgsf] plrt k|of]u / afnL ;+/If0fsf ljleGg pkfox¿af/] hfgsf/L x'g' cfjZos 5 . u|FdL0f ljsf;df dlxnfsf] ;xeflutfdf j[l4 cfjZos 5 . dlxnfnfO{ ;Lkd"ns tflnd lbg' cfjZos 5 . u|fdL0f If]qdf al9/x]sf] a]/f]hf/L tyf ul/aL x6fpg ljleGg sfo{qmd NofOg'k5{ . h;sf nflu u|fdL0f If]qdf ;fd'bflos efjgfsf] ljsf; ul/g' cfjZos 5 . ls;fgnfO{ ;do–;dodf sd Aofhdf C0f pknAw u/fpg'k5{ .

g]kfn s[lifk|wfg b]z eP tfklg ef]sd/L tyf s'kf]if0fsf] ;d:of lbgfg'lbg al9/x]sf] 5 . s[lif pBf]u tyf snsf/vfgfdf j[l4 tyf ;Da4{g cfjZos 5 . ljZj Jofkf/ ;+u7g
-8An"6Lcf]_ sf] ;b:otf ln+b}df s[lifdf ljsf; x'g ;S5 eGg] 5}g . cfh ljZjdf ljZjJofkLs/0fn] 7"nf] ¿k lnO/x]sf] 5 . ljsf;zLn b]zdf ;fDojfbL rLgn] @)÷@@ jif{ klxn]b]lv g} cfkm\gf] cy{tGqsf ¿k/]vfdf qmdzM ljsf; ub}{ u/]sf] lyof] / cfh rLg :j]R5fn] ljZj Jofkf/ ;+u7gsf nflu cfjZos kg]{ ;Dk"0f{ ;t{ :jLsf/ u/L ;b:o eO;s]sf] 5 . rLgsf] pTkfbg Ifdtfdf j[l4 eO/x"bf p;sf cfsf+Iffx¿ k|jn eO;s]sf] 5 . p;sf] luGtL cfly{s b[li6n] ;DkGg b]zdf x'g] u/]sf] 5 . -/f;folgs dnvfb / sL6gfzs cf}iflwsf] k|of]u gu/L_ pTkflbt vfB kbfy{sf] dfu ljb]zdf tLj|¿kdf al9/x]sf] 5 . o:tf kbfy{x¿sf] vkt cd]l/sf tyf o'/f]k]nL d'n's / hfkfgdf cTolws /x]sf] 5 .

s[lif If]qdf cGt/f{li6«o k|lt:kwf{ tyf s[lif pTkfbsTjdf j[l4sf nflu j}1flgs tl/sf ckgfpg' cfjZos 5 . h;sf nflu s[lif h}jk|ljlwsf] ;xf/f lng'k5{ . ljsf;zLn b]zx¿ hLg ;+zf]lwt k|0ffnLåf/f s[lif aLplahgdf ;'wf/ NofO/x]sf 5g\ . t/ g]kfndf h}jk|ljlwsf] ljsf; x'g g;Sg' Pp6f b'Mvsf] s'/f /x]sf] 5 .

jf:tjdf g]kfnn] cGt/f{li6«o IF]qdf k|lt:kwf{ gug{ ;Sg] xf]Og t/ To;sf lglDt cfjZos k"jf{wf/x¿sf] hfgsf/L cfjZos 5 . u|FdL0f cf}Bf]lusLs/0fsf] cfjZos 5 . d'n'ssf] s[lifdf ;'wf/ Nofpgsf nflu cGo ljsf;zLn /fi6«df h:t} s[lifnfO{ dxŒjk"0f{ :yfg lbg'k5{ . s[lif ahf/ Joj:yfdf ;'wf/ Nofpg'k5{ .

ljZj Jofkf/ ;+u7gdf g]kfnsf] k|j]zkl5 v'Nnf k|lt:kwf{sf] ahf/n] ubf{ g]kfnsf] cy{tGq ;'wf/ gcfpnf eGg ;ls+b}g . g]kfnn] cem} klg Jofkf/;DaGwL ljleGg sl7gfO Joxf]g'{k/]sf] 5 . cfh g]kfnn] ljZj Jofkf/ ;+u7gsf] ;b:otf lng cfjZostf eO;s]sf] 5 . h;sf nflu cfjZos k"jf{wf/sf] tof/Ldf ljleGg cy{ljb\x¿ nfuL kl//x]sf 5g\ . b'O{ 7"nf l5d]sL /fi6« ef/t / rLg ljZj Jofkf/ ;+u7gsf] ;b:o eO;s]sfn] g]kfnn] cfkm\gf] Jofkf/ gLlt clej[l4 ug{ ljZj Jofkf/ ;+u7gsf] ;b:otf k|fKt ug'{ clt cfjZos /x]sf] 5 .

ljZj Jofkf/ ;+u7gsf] ;b:osf nflu g]kfnn] ;g\ !(*( b]lv kxn u/] tfklg ;g\ !((( b]lv lg/Gt/ nflukl//x]sf] 5 . j}b]lzs Jofkf/ k4ltsf] hfgsf/L tyf Jofkf/df pbf/Ls/0fsf nflu Jofkf/ tyf z'Ns;DaGwL ;fdfGo ;Demf}tf -Uof6_ df hfgsf nflu g]kfn cTolws pT;'s /x]sf] 5 . lsg eg] ljZj Jofkf/ ;+u7gn] ;+u7gsf ;b:o d'n'sx¿sf] ;'v ;'ljwfdf j[l4, eG;f/ b/, pRrtd ;Ldf lgwf{/0f tyf pBf]unfO{ ;+/If0f lbg] sfd u5{ g]kfndf ljBdfg ljleGg If]qsf ;d:ofx¿sf] ;dfwfgsf ;fy} ljZj Jofkf/ ;+u7gsf] ;b:otf cfhsf] k|d'v r'gf}tL /x]sf] 5 . t/ ljZj Jofkf/ ;+u7gsf] ;b:otf lng'eGbf klxn] xfd|f] h:tf] s[lifk|wfg b]zdf s[lif If]qnfO{ ;Da4{g ug'{ cfjZos 5 .

kj{tLo jif{ ;g\ @))@ nfO{ kms]{/ x]bf{

cRo't/fh clwsf/L

PlG8h kj{tsf] $% ;o ld6/df a;f]jf; ug]{ u|]uf]l/of] ;fdfGo ls;fg x'g\ . olb k]¿sf] Tof] ljs6 If]qdf cfn' pTkfbg gx'g] xf] eg] p;n] hLjg af"Rg] ljsNk ge]§fpg ;S5 . x/]s 5fsx¿ p;n] cfwf k]6 vfP/ klg dGb d':sfg d':sfO/x]5 .

Olyof]lkofsf] # xhf/ ld6/ prfOdf a:g] P;]nk]mssf] sxfgL a]Un} 5 . Toxf" dlxnfx¿nfO{ xnf] hf]Tg aGb]h x'gfn] pgsf] v]t hf]Tg s'g} k'?ifnfO{ u'xfg'{kg]{ 5 . 5 dlxgfsf nflu vfBfGg k'Ug] pgsf] v]tsf] cfwf afnL hf]tfxfnfO{ lbPkl5 sl/a # dlxgfsf] ar]sf] vfBfGgn] pgsL ;fgL 5f]/L x'sf{pg lgs} wf}–wf} k/]sf] 5 . æolb k"/f k]6 gv'jfpg] xf] eg] d]/f] gfgL /f]O/xG5, xfd|f nflu ef]s ;xg / 6fg{ klg s]xL lyPg t/ aRrfx¿sf nflu of] lgs} ;f¥xf] x'G5 .Æ pgsf] kL8fn] kj{tjf;LnfO{ dfq xf]Og, ;d:t dfgj hfltnfO{ Psk6s ;f]Rg afWo agfp"5 .

…k'lgvfÚ 8f]Nkfsf] ljs6 ufp" xf], hxf"sf afl;Gbfx¿ cTolws lxdkftsf sf/0f # dlxgf 3/af6 aflx/ lg:s"b}gg\ . xfdL ;f]Rg ;S5f}+ s;/L ;Dej 5 < a;]/ vfg, Tof] klg Tolt ljs6 If]qdf . d':tfª / 8f]Nkfsf] ;Ldfjlt{t ofs kmfd{df ^ dlxgf rf}/L;"usf] p7a;n] g} pgLx¿sf] af"sL lbg u'hfg{ ;Dej u/fPsf] xf] . tkfO{+–xfdLnfO{ ;f]Rbf klg sxfnL nfUg ;S5, s;/L dflg;x¿ %@ ;o ld6/sf] prfOdf cfk\mgf] hLjgofkgsf nflu ;+3if{ ul//x]sf xf]nfg\ <

;d:of rfx] cfNk, PlG8h jf lxdfnosf] g} lsg gxf];\, cflv/ ;a} kj{tx¿ Pp6} vfnsf] ;d:ofdf af"r]sf 5g\ . kj{tx¿ ljZjsf ;a} dxfb]zdf st} xf]rf t st} cUnf, km/s–km/s df};d / ljljwtfo'Qm Osf]l;:6d -kfl/l:ylts k|0ffnL_ df ;dflxt, e"–dWo] /]vfb]lv b'j} w|'j;Dd k}mlnPsf 5g\ . cem egf} lau|"bf] jftfj/0f;"u} lvOPsf 5g\ k|To]s kj{tLo ;|f]tx¿ . s'g} ;do lyof] hlta]nf kj{tx¿ s]an kj{tjf;Lx¿sf] ;d:ofsf ¿kdf lnOGYof] . t/ cfh ;dosf] kl/jt{g;"u} ljZjsf ^ ca{ dflg;sf] rf;f]sf] ljifo ag]sf] 5 kj{tLo If]q . ;g\ !((@ sf] l/of] ;Dd]ngn] An" lk|G6dfk{mt Ph]G8f– @! sf] RofK6/ !# df HjnGt ;d:ofsf ¿kdf kj{tLo ;d:ofx¿sf] ;dLIff ug]{ r]:6f u/]kl5 ljZjJofkL ¿kdf kj{tLo ljsf;sf nflu sfo{qmdx¿sf] th'{df / sfof{Gjog ug{ yflnof] . ;g\ !(^) b]lv ;+o'Qm /fi6«;+3sf] cfx\jfgdf yflnPsf] ljz]if jif{ dgfpg] k/Dk/fsf] $! cf}+ jif{df ækj{t jif{Æ dgfpg] hdsf]{ ePsf] lyof] . o;sf nflu ;g\ !((* gf]e]Da/ !) sf lbg ;+o'Qm /fi6«;+3sf] dxf;efdf cfly{s tyf ;fdflhs kl/ifb\ -Osf];f]s_ n] ;g\ @))@ nfO{ cGt/f{li6«o kj{tLo jif{sf ¿kdf dgfpg u/]sf] k|:tfjnfO{ lagfdtbfg ;j{;Ddt\ kfl/t ul/Psf] lyof] . ;+o'Qm /fi6«;+3s} ;lqmotfdf ;g\ !((% df :yflkt Unf]an dfpG6]g kmf]/d klg l/of] ;Dd]ngdf kj{tLo rf;f]sf] Pp6f HjnGt pbfx/0f lyof] . To;f] t Ol;df]8 h:tf cGt/f{li6«o ;+:yfx¿sf] kj{tLo cg';Gwfg Pj+ ljsf;df ;'?b]lv g} ljlzi6 of]ubfg /xL cfPsf] b]lvG5 .

ljZjsf] s'n hg;+Vofsf] !@ k|ltzt kj{tLo If]qdf a;f]jf; u/] tfklg sl/a cfwfh;f] dflg;x¿ k|ToIf–ck|ToIf ¿kdf kj{tLo ;|f]t Pj+ lqmofsnfksf] glhs /x]sf 5g\ . If]qkmnsf] lx;fan] ljZjsf] s'n e"–efusf] @$ k|ltzt kj{tLo If]qn] cf]u6]sf] 5 . kj{tx¿ ljZjsf] cfwf hg;+Vofsf nflu :jR5 lkpg]kfgLsf] d'xfg x'g\ eg] ljZjsf 3gfh+unsf] @* k|ltzt kj{tLo h+unn] cf]u6]sf] 5 . h}ljs ljljwtfsf] xsdf klg cGo If]qeGbf kj{tLo If]qx¿ lgs} wgL 5g\ . t/ klg czflGt, ul/aL, u[xo'4, ef]sd/L / df};dL kl/jt{gnufotsf lqmofsnfkn] kj{tLo hLjg hL0f{ x'g'sf ;fy} kj{tLo Osf]l;:6d -kfl/l:ylts k|0ffnL_ lbg k|ltlbg vt/faf6 u'lh|/x]sf] 5 . jf:tjdf kfgL, pmhf{, h}ljs ljljwtfsf] cltl/Qm vlgh, /}yfg] s[lif Pj+ jg k}bfjf/sf ;fy} dgf]/~hgsf] uGtJo x'g\ kj{tLo If]qx¿ .

xfd|f] b]z g]kfnsf] s'n hg;+Vofsf] &=# k|ltzt afl;Gbf lxdfn / $$=@ k|ltzt afl;Gbf kxf8df /x]/ kj{tLo cflgjfgLsf] k|ToIf cg'ej ub{5g\ eg] af"sL $*=% k|ltzt t/fO{jf;L klg ck|ToIf ¿kdf kj{tLo ;d:of e]mln/x]sf 5g\ . g]kfndf lxdfno kj{tdfnfsf k|l;4 r'r'/fsf] cnfjf cf7j6f ;+/lIft If]qx¿ 5g\, h;df dfq} ^# Osf]l;:6dn] cf>o kfPsf 5g\ . h'g ljZjsf] s'g} klg kj{tLo If]qeGbf cnu klxrfg /fVg sfkmL 7xl/G5 . kj{tLo If]qsf] kof{j/0f ;+/If0f, zflGt / l:y/tfsf] k|Tofe"lt / kj{tLo hghLjgsf] ;xhkgsf nflu ;Dk"0f{ If]qaf6 kxn ug'{kg]{ gf/f 3Gsfp"b} dgfOPsf] 5 kj{tLo jif{ ;g\ @))@ .

kj{tLo jif{df p7]sf d'2fx¿

ljZje/ g} kj{tLo If]qx¿ o'4 / ljjfbsf] 3]/fdf ;a}eGbf rlr{t /x]sf 5g\ . ax';+Vos o'4 Pj+ ;z:q ;+3if{x¿ rfx] Tof] ckmuflg:tfgsf] jNsfg, ef/tsf] sf/uLn jf g]kfnsf] /f]Nkf, ?s'd lsg gxf];\, rsf]{ czflGtsf] e'"d/Ldf km;]sf 5g\ kj{tx¿ . ;g\ !((( sf @& k|d'v ;z:q ;+3if{dWo] @# j6f t kj{tLo If]qd} ePsf /x]5g\ . t/ ckm;f]r zflGtsf] k|Tofe"lt g} lbuf] ljsf;sf] klxnf] v'8\lsnf] x'g] x'"bf kj{tLo jif{n] o;sf lgldQ plrt jftfj/0fsf] ck]Iff u/]sf] 5 .

kj{tLo If]qdf b]lvPsf] jftfj/0fLo c;Gt'ngnfO{ xfdL Toxf" x'g] u/]sf] df};d kl/jt{gaf6 k|ToIf lgofNg ;S5f}+ . g]kfndf dfq sl/a b'O{ xhf/sf] ;+Vofdf /x]sf lxdtfnx¿ o;sf] kL8fdf u'lh|/x]sf 5g\ . s'g} klg a]nf lj:kmf]6 x'g ;Sg] qf;do jftfj/0fdf af"r]sf 5g\ kj{tLo afl;Gbfx¿ . ljZjJofkL tfkdfg j[l4, cDnLo jiff{h:tf ;d:ofdf sd lhDd]jf/ geP klg kj{tjf;Lx¿ efu]bf/ Hofbf x'g'k/]sf] 5 . jg ljgfzn] ljsf/fn ¿k lng yfn]kl5 kof{Kt kfgLsf nflu j}slNks ;|F]tsf] vf]hL ug{'kg{] 68\sf/f] a9]sf] 5 . a9\bf] hg;+Vofsf] rfk /f]Sgsf nflu / ltgsf] ;'ljwfsf nflu ckgfOPsf sbdx¿ ljz]ifu/L kj{tjf;Lx¿df dGb b]lvPsf 5g\ . j}slNks OGwgsf] cefjdf eO/x]sf] jgh+un km8fgL, v]tLsf nflu yk ul/g] hldg, vlgh cGj]if0fsf] kmn:j¿k x'g] e":vng, lxdkft / af9Lklx/f]nfO{ kj{tLo hLjgsf] kof{ojfrLsf ¿kdf x]g{] ul/G5 . clgolGqt vfgL vGg] / ax'd"No hLjhGt' Pj+ jg:kltsf] rf]/L–lgsf;Ln] ubf{ kj{tx¿ cGgljxLg esf/L x'g] vt/fdf k'u]sf 5g\ . ljZjd} b'n{e dflgg] hLj / jg:kltsf] jf;:yfgsf] ¿kdf kl/lrt kj{tLo If]qx¿ lbg k|ltlbg cfkm\gf] ue{af6 Pskl5 csf]{ u/L k|f0fL / jg:kltsf] cl:tTj u'dfp"b} uO/x]sf 5g\ . o;sf] ;+/If0f ug]{ bfloTj kj{tjf;Lsf] dfq geP/ ;f/f ljZjs} x'g hfG5 .

j}slNks pmhf{sf] ;Defjgfsf ¿kdf hnzlQmnfO{ lnP klg k|foM ljsf;f]Gd'v b]zx¿sf] afx'Notf /x]sf] kj{tLo If]qdf o;sf] ;d'lrt k|of]u ePsf] b]lv"b}g . ;f}o{zlQm / jfo'zlQm klg ef}uf]lns ¿kn] sl7g kj{tLo If]qx¿df j}slNks pmhf{sf] kl/k"lt{ ug]{ dfWod aGg ;S5g\ .

ef]sd/L, vfBfGg c;'/Iff / s'kf]if0f k|ToIf ¿kdf kj{tLo If]q;"u uf"l;Psf d'2fx¿ x'g\ . kxf8L If]qdf a;f]jf; ug]{ nfvf}+ afl;Gbfx¿df unuf"8sf] ;d:of b]lvg'df kj{tLo If]qdf x'g] lxdkft / ef/L jiff{n] cfof]l8gnfO{ :yfgfGt/0f ug'{nfO{ lng ;lsG5 eg] le6fldg …PÚ sf] cefjdf aRrfx¿df x'g] cGwf]kg klg kj{tLo If]qdf b]lvPsf] :jf:Yo;DaGwL HjnGt ;d:of xf] . klZrdL kxf8L lhNnfx¿df x'g] u/]sf] vfBfGg cefjn] lgs} xb;Dd To; If]qsf afl;GbfnfO{ jif]{gL lk/f]ln/x]sf] 5 . kj{tx¿ jif]{gL kf"r s/f]8eGbf a9L ko{6sx¿sf] uGtJo:yn ag]sf 5g\ . t/ klg lbuf] ko{6gn] ult gln"bf o;af6 gsf/fTds k|efjx¿ a9\b} uPsf 5g\ . ;f+:s[lts Pj+ k|fs[lts ;Dkbfx¿df a9]sf] ckrng /f]Sg ljsNksf] ¿kdf kof{j/0f ko{6gnfO{ :yflkt ug'{kg]{ cfjZostf ;j{qaf6 dx;'; ul/Psf] 5 . kj{tLo If]qdf /x]sf clwsf+z ljsf;f]Gd'v b]zsf dlxnfx¿n] b}lgs hLjgofkg ug'{k/]sf] r'gf}tLnfO{ xfdLn] a'‰g' h?/L 5 . t;y{ kj{tLo ;|f]tx¿sf] pkef]udf k|ToIf ;+nUg dlxnfx¿nfO{ ;+/If0f;DaGwL 1fg / ljsf;sf x/]s lqmofsnfkdf ;dfg'kflts ;xefuL u/fpg' g} a9L ljj]sL x'g hfG5 .

s;/L dgfOof] kj{tLo jif{ <

;+o'Qm /fi6«;+3sf] kxndf ljZjJofkL ¿kdf kj{tLo jif{ dgfpgsf nflu ;+o'Qm /fi6«;+3Lo vfB tyf s[lif sfo{qmd -PkmPcf]_ n] g]t[Tj lnPsf] lyof] . g]kfnn] klg …kj{tLo jg:klt pBfg, bfdgÚ sf] 3f]if0ff ub}{ z+v3f]if u/]sf] kj{tLo jif{sf sfo{qmdx¿df jif{el/ g} kj{t;DaGwL cGt/f{li6«o ;Dd]ng /rgfTds lqmofsnfk, hgr]tgf sfo{qmd, pT;j, d]nf / uf]i7Lx¿sf] cfof]hgf u/L dgfOof] . æxfdL rfx] hxf";'s}af6 cfPsf xf]cf}+, xfd|f] hGde"lddf rfx] hlt;'s} 7"nf] of ;fgf] kj{t g} lsg gx'g\, xfdL cflv/ kj{tsf afl;Gbf xf}+ . xfdL ;a} kj{t;"u cfl>t 5f}+, ;DalGwt 5f}+ / k|efljt 5f}+ . kj{tx¿sf ;d:ofnfO{ ;femf ;d:ofsf ¿kdf clxn] h:tf] klxn] xfdLn] slxNo} ;f]Rg] u/]sf lyPgf}+ .Æ ;+o'Qm /fi6«;+3Lo vfB sfo{qmdsf lgb]{zs HofSof]; l8of]kmsf oL egfOx¿n] kj{tLo ;d:ofdf k|i6 ¿kdf cGt/f{li6«o rf;f] emlNsPsf] 5 .

^) b]zsf ^ ;o k|ltlglwx¿n] uPsf] gf]e]Da/df lj:s]s ;Dd]ngdfk{mt b]vfPsf] k|lta4tfdf kj{tLo If]qsf] ljsf;n] rf"8} g} Toxf"sf afl;Gbfsf] hLjg:t/df kl/jt{g x'g] vfnsf sfo{qmdsf] lqmofzLntfnfO{ hf]8 lbOPsf] 5 . o:tf sfo{qmdx¿nfO{ k|f]T;fxg ug{sf nflu :jL; / O6fnLnufotsf b]zx¿n] cfp"bf lbgdf PkmPcf]dfk{mt ;xof]u ug]{ k|lta4tf klg hgfPsf 5g\ . ;g\ @))@ n] ;f/f ljZjsf] Wofg k'gM kj{tLo If]qdf k'¥ofOlbPsf] 5 . lgZro g} kj{tLo ;d:ofx¿ ljZjs} rf;f] alg;s]sf 5g\ . ca cfjZostf 5 plrt sfo{qmd, gLlt / ltgsf] ;d'lrt sfof{Gjog . h;sf] ;sf/fTds k|efj cfp"bf lbgdf kj{tLo If]qdf dfq geP/ ;dy/ e"–efudf klg b]Vg kfOof];\ . g]kfndf jif]{gL klZrdL kxf8L lhNnfx¿df vfBfGg ;+s6n] lgDTofPsf] ef]sd/L / s'kf]if0f, sdhf]/ e"–jgf]6 / k|lts"n df};dn] ubf{ ;Lldt cGgafnLdf lge{/ /xg'kg]{ afWotf / To;dfly o; If]qdf d8fl/Psf] czflGtsf] sfnf] afbn, ;f"RrL g} kL8fbfos 5 cfhsf] cj:yf . uf";, af; / skf;sf] vf]hLdf lbgx'" xhf/f}+sf] ;+Vofdf ljb]lzg] kj{tLo o'jfx¿sf] eljio / ltgsf kl/jf/hgsf] kL8fdf phfu/ x'g'kb{5 cGt/f{li6«o kj{tLo jif{– @))@ sf] k|lta4tf .

:jf:Yo IF]qdf v'b|f ;'wf/ / dGqLsf] cf+6

8f= s]bf/g/l;+x s]=;L=

pT;fxL :jf:YodGqLn] s]xL lbgcufl8 :jf:Yo hf"r;DaGwL s]xL lgodx¿sf] 3f]if0ff ug{'eof] . ljz]if1 / ;fdfGo lrlsT;ssf] :jf:Yo k/LIFf z'Nsb]lv cGo v'b|f dl;gf ljifodf klg lg0f{o lng'eof] . oL lg0f{ox¿n] pxf"leq s]xL u/f}+ eGg] efjgf /x]sf] tYonfO{ k|i6 kfb{5g\ . lgoltn] pxf"sf] lgotnfO{ sfof{Gjog ug{ lbof] eg] pxf"sf oL lg0f{ox¿sf] ;fy{stf /xnf eGg] cfzf ug{ ;lsG5 . t/ oL lg0f{ox¿ ljjfbd'Qmrflx" 5}gg\ . To;}n] :jf:Yo ;]jfsf kmf"6df clxn] oL lg0f{ox¿af/] k|Zg, ax; / ljjfbx¿ pl7/x]sf 5g\ .

lgZro g} g]kfnsf] :jf:Yo ;]jfsf] cj:yf lgodsf] cefjsf sf/0fn] lrGtfhgs ePsf] xf]Og . kl/0ffTds j[l4n] u'0ffTds ljsf;nfO{ ;Dej t'Nofp"5 eGg klg ;lsGg . pbfx/0fsf nflu c:ktfndf PS;/], xf]df]8fOnf]l;;, cN6«f;fpG8h:tf oGqx¿ lalu|P/ xKtf}+ / dlxgf}+ ylGsP/ a:g' lgod jf ah]6sf] ck'un] xf]Og . lgod eg]sf] sfd ug{nfO{ ;lhnf] agfpg] Joj:yfkgsf] cfwf/dfq xf] . t/ xfdLsxf" lgodx¿ sfd gug{]nfO{ sfddf nufpg] p2]Zon] eGbf sfd ug{]nfO{ aGwgdf hs8\ofpg] lgotn] aGg] u/]sf x'g\ ls eGg] efg kg{] u/]sf] 5 . To;sf/0f :jf:YodGqLsf gof" lgodx¿ cfkm}+df cfzfsf] ;|F]t x'g\ elgxfNg ;lsGg .

g]kfndf hg:jf:Yosf] cj:yfsf tYof+sx¿ x]bf{ tL tYof+sn] lrlGtt / lg/fz agfpg ;Sb5g\ . ;+j]bgzLn gful/ssf nflu tL tYof+sx¿ dfgl;s p2]ngsf sf/0f aGg ;S5g\ . afn d[To'b/ k|To]s xhf/ afnaflnsfaLr &! hgf kb{5g\ tyf kf"r jif{d'lgsf afnaflnsfx¿dWo] k|ltxhf/ ! ;o @ cNkfo'df db{5g\ eg]/ ljb]zLn] ;'Gbf pgLx¿ cfZro{n] lha|F] 6f]S5g\ . dft[ d[To'b/ k|ltnfv % ;o #( 5, To:t} emG8} !) k|ltzt afnaflnsf h?/L cfjZostfsf vf]kx¿af6 jl~rt x'"b} cfPsf 5g\, Ifo/f]u arfpg] vf]k -aL;LhL_ klg *) k|ltzteGbf a9L afnaflnsfdf k'¥ofpg ;lsPsf] 5}g . To;}u/L Eofu't] /f]u, nx/] vf]sL / wg'i6+sf/ -8LkL6L_ / kf]lnof] k|lt/f]ws vf]k Jofks cleofg rnfP klg *) k|ltztdfq k|ult x'g ;s]sf] 5 eGbf xfdL g} cfZro{ rlst x'g] u5f{}+ . g]kfndf xfn;Dd klg rf/ xhf/ lrlsT;sdfq sfo{/t /x]sf 5g\, h;df %) k|ltzteGbf a9L ;x/L IF]qdf ;Lldt /x]sf] kfOG5 . of] tYof+s blIF0f Pl;ofdf xfd|F] k5f}6]kgsf k|ltljDa ag]sf 5g\ .

d'n'ssf] o:tf] cj:yfdf Pp6f 8fS6/, kmut Joj;foL lrlsT;s x'g kfp"b}g . la/fdLsf] JoyfnfO{ cfkm\gf] ;d[l4sf] ;|F]t agfpg gx'g] g}ltstfn] xfdLnfO{ 3r3RofO/x]sf] x'G5 . t/ :jf:YodGqLsf] pk/f]Qm lg0f{on] z/L/ k/LIFF z'Nsdf x'g uPsf] j[l4n] ljjfb p7fPsf] 5 . lhNnflt/ sfo{/t 8fS6/x¿n] :jf:Yo k/LIF0f z'Nsafkt ;fljsdf Ps ;o ?k}of" lng] hg:jLsfo{ k|rng lyof] . :jf:Yo dGqLsf] xfn}sf] lg0f{on] To:tf] z'Ns b/nfO{ x\jfQ} a9fOlbP/ @ ;o $) ?k}of" k'¥ofOlbof] . ca lhNnfsf hgtfn] dGqLsf] o; lg0f{onfO{ …/fxtÚ s;/L eGg] < o; lg0f{on] ljkGg ;d'bfodf yk cfly{s ef/ a9fP/ :jf:Yof]krf/nfO{ dx"uf] agfp"b} nu]sf] 5 eg] cGof]n / hl6ntf klg pAhfPsf] 5 . h:tf], PdaLaLP; pQL0f{ eO{ hg:jf:Yo ljifodf :gftsf]Q/ -PdkLPr_ u/L !) jif{eGbf a9Lsf] cg'ej xfl;n ul/;s]sf lrlsT;sx¿n] lng] :jf:Yo k/LIF0f z'Ns slt xf] / ljleGg zNolqmofsf] z'Ns s] slt lng kfOg] xf], To;af/] of] lg0f{o k|i6 5}g .

8FS6/x¿nfO{ lhNnfsf b/aGbLdf k7fpg g;Sg', k7fP klg ;fwg, ;|F]t / pks/0fsf] cefjn] ubf{ 8fS6/x¿n] ck]Iffs[t sfd ug{ gkfpg', lgodeGbf klg cfsif{0f b08, k'/:sf/ cflb gLltsf] cjnDag, sfof{Gjogsf] cg'udg tyf d"Nof+sg x'g g;Sg' 68\sf/f] ;d:of /lxcfPsf] 5 . o:tf] cj:yfdf ePsf ;Lldt 8fS6/x¿nfO{ cGofok"j{s cJofjxfl/s juL{s/0f u/L cfdlrlsT;snfO{ xLgtfaf]w tyf xtf]T;fx u/fpg] dGqLsf] lg0f{on] cfufdL lbgdf :jf:Yo If]qdf yk cGof]n / ultxLgtf pTkGg x'g] cg'dfg ug{ ;lsG5 . jt{dfg cj:yfdf :jf:Yo dGqfnon] lrlsT;sx¿sf] juL{s/0f ug{'sf] ;§f ljb]zdf /x]sf jl/i7 lrlsT;sx¿nfO{ b]zdf ljz]if ;'ljwf lbg] of]hgf agfP/ b]zk|lt cfslif{t u/fpg ;Sg' g} j[l4dtf sfo{ x'g] lyof] . Ps hgf h'lgo/ lrlsT;sn] slt z'Ns lng] eGg] ;fwf/0f sfo{ ug{ b]zdf /x]sf k|To]s gl;¨xf]d ;Ifd g} lyP / :jo+ lrlsT;s /xg'ePsf dGqLHo"nfO{ klg 1fg ePs} x'g'kb{5 ls PdaLaLP; kf; ePsf] lbgsf] ;'vsf] cg'e"lt, t/ o; lg0f{on] ;IFd bIF hgzlQmnfO{ k'gM ljb]z knfog x'gsf nflu k|]/0ffsf] Bf]ts xf] eGg ;lsGg / < lrlsT;f ;]jf k];fut g}ltstf, dfgjLo efjgf, lhDd]jf/L, ljZjf; / ;dembf/Ldf rNg'kg{] k];f xf] . hgtfn] …8fS6/ ;fÚaÚ eg]/ xfdLpk/ h'g >4f, ;Ddfg / OHht u/]sf 5g\, To;sf] dxŒj af]w xfdL :jo+nfO{ :jtM x'g'kg{] lhDd]jf/L tyf st{Josf] ef/ klg o;df ylkPsf] 5 .

c+u|]hLsf tLg …PrÚ cyf{t\ x]8 -6fpsf]_, x6{ -x[bo_ / …x\ofG8Ú -xft_ df sf}zn x'g' g} ;kmn 8fS6/sf] nIF0f xf] . o; k];fnfO{ lgodn] eGbf g}ltstfn], dGqLsf lk|otfjfbL 3f]if0ffeGbf st{Josf] x'6x'6Ln] / dfgjLo wd{n] dxfg\ Pj+ ;fy{s agFPsf] x'G5 . To;sf/0f lrlsT;sx¿sf] juL{s/0fsf gfddf k+lQme]b ug{', ;]jfnfO{ of]Uotfsf cfwf/dfeGbf lgodsf …gf}l;ªÚ n] af"Wg vf]Hg', Psflt/ …8fS6/x¿ hyfefjL z'Ns lnO/x]sf lyP, d}n] lgod agfP/ 7Ls ul/lbP"Ú eGg] vfnsf] e|Fds ;Gb]z lbg vf]h]sf] kfOG5 eg] csf{]lt/ lgodsf] kfngf jf pNn+3g ePsf lgod agfpg]n] s] ug{] eGg] k|Zgdf dGqLsf] 3f]if0ff df}g /x]sf] 5 .

Pp6f 8fS6/n] x/]s jif{ tLg k':t] gftfafx]ssf ^) hgf la/fdLnfO{ lgMz'Ns Onfh ug{'kg{] dGqLsf] lg0f{o afn;'ne k|sf/sf] 5 . o; k+lQmsf/ h:t} c;+Vo 8fS6/x¿ xf]nfg\ h;n] jif{df ^) hgfsf] bz u'0ff a9L la/fdLnfO{ lagfz'Ns Onfh ug{] ub{5g\ . h'g 8fS6/n] o;f] ub{}g To:tf] s]xL ckjfb gxf]nfg\ eGg ;lsGg . t/ ckjfbnfO{ lgoddf Nofpg ;lsPnf / < a? gSsnL 8fS6/n] cf}ifwf]krf/ k|lqmofdf u/]sf] Hofgdf/f 7uL sfo{ /f]Sg]lt/ dGqLsf] ljz]if Wofg uPsf] eP a9L :jfutof]Uo x'g] lyof] .

xfdLn] cfzf u/]sf lyof}+, /fhwfgL jf ;x/L Onfsfdf ;/sf/L ;'ljwf / ;+/If0fdf :yflkt gl;{ª xf]dx¿nfO{ d'gfkmf/lxt ;]jf ;'ljwf k'¥ofpg sDtLdf s'g} Pp6f b'u{d tyf ljs6 lhNnfsf] lhDdf lbOg] 5, hxf" ;DalGwt gl;{ª xf]dn] jif{df Go"gtd Psk6s ljz]if1;lxtsf] :jf:Yo lzlj/ ;~rfng ug{] 5 . cfkm\gf] lhDd]jf/Lsf] lhNnfaf6 cfPsf ul/a ufp"n]x¿nfO{ ;x'lnot / Joxf]g{ ;lsg] b/df cf}ifwf]krf/ ul/g] Joj:yf x'g]5 .

of] klg cfzf lyof], 8fS6/x¿af6 p7fOPsf] d"No clej[l4 s/ -Eof6_ /sdsf] nufgL clt b'u{d If]qdf :jf:Yo :jo+;]ljsfx¿sf] tflnd tyf j[lQ ljsf;df nufOg] 5 . x/]s IF]qLo jf pkIF]qLo c:ktfndf 5ftL /f]u, x[bo /f]u, d[uf}nf /f]u / :gfo' -Go'/f]_ ;DaGwL ;h{/L o'lg6 :yflkt ug{ dGqLn] kxn ug{] cfzf lyof] . gfhfoh cfzf ug{] xfd|F] :jefj 5}g . 8FS6/ dGqL ePsf avt o:tf] cfzf ug{' xfd|f] xs xf] . b]zsf ;Dk"0f{ :jf:Yo ;+:yfx¿df hgzlQm k'¥ofpg] k|lta4tf cfpnf eGg] nfu]sf] lyof] . t/ lg0f{o s:tf x'G5g\ eGg] Pp6f 8FS6/n] Pp6f la/fdLsf] :jf:Yo hf"r ug{ Go'gtd !% ldg]6 ;do nufpg} kb{5 . of] lg0f{o x]bf{ o;cl3sf] ;/sf/sf Ps dGqLn], ;+s6sfn nfu" ePkl5 k|To]s sd{rf/Ln] laxfg ( ah] sfof{nodf cfOk'Ug} k5{ eGg] cfb]z hf/L u/]sf] h:t}–h:t} ePg / <

cfh h?/L lyof], ;/sf/L c:ktfnaf6 ;j{;fwf/0fnfO{ ;]jf ;'ljwf lbg] jftfj/0f, j:t'l:ylt / dgl:yltsf] ljsf; ug{'kg{] lhNnfsf c:ktfnx¿nfO{ k|F/lDes pkrf/ lbP/ Toxf" lgsf] gx'g] la/fdLsf nflu glhs}sf] IF]qLo jf pkIF]qLo jf s]Gb|Lo c:ktfndf pkrf/fy{ l;kmfl/; u/L k7fpg] c;n k|0ffnLsf] ljsf; ul/g'kYof{] . s'g /f]u 7"nf] jf ;fgf], s'g 8fS6/n] slt kmL lng] / slt ldg]6df hf"rL ;Sg]h:tf arsgf dfldnfdf dGqL clNemg k'Ug'eof] .

ha;Dd u|FdL0f hg:jf:Yo l:yltnfO{ gf¨f] cf"vfn] x]/]/ ;'wf/sf s7f]/ sbdx¿ rnfOg] 5}g, ta;Dd v'b|f dl;gf lg0f{ox¿sf] s'g} ;fy{stf /xg ;Qm}g . o;sf lglDt 8fS6/ dGqLnfO{ Go'/f] zNolqmofdf /f]uLsf] 6fpsf] lrbf{ cfjZos kg{] pk/f]Qm …tLg PrÚ sf] ;+of]hgåf/f pxf"n] ;/sf/L c:ktfn / gl;{ª xf]dx¿nfO{ u|fdL0f / ul/a hgtfd'vL agfpg ;Sg'eof] eg] Tof] g} ce"tk"j{ of]ubfg x'g] 5 . o;sf lglDt lgod xf]Og, s8fOsf ;fy Joj:yfkg ;'wf/ x'g' cfjZos b]lvG5 .