gjf}+ ;fkm v]ns'bsf nflu aGb lzlj/ ;'?

lxd]z jh|frfo{

sf7df8f}+, !( kmfu'g– kfls:tfgsf] O:nfdfjfbdf r}tsf] !% b]lv @$ ut];Dd x'g] gjf}+ blIf0f Pl;ofnL dxf;+3Lo v]ns'bsf nflu aGb lzlj/ cfOtaf/ ;'? ePsf] 5 .

gjf}+ ;fkm v]ns'bdf g]kfnn] !$ v]ndf ! ;o $@ v]nf8Lsf] ;xeflutf hgfpg]5 . /fli6«o v]ns'b kl/ifb\sf ;b:o–;lrj lszf]/axfb'/ l;+xsf] g]t[Tjdf hfg] g]kfnL 6f]nLdf kbflwsf/L, k|lzIfs;lxt ! ;o *^ ;b:oLo 6f]nL x'g]5 . g]kfnL l6dsf] cfsf/nfO{ lnP/ clGtd lg0f{o Ps ;ftfleqdf x'g]5 .

…clGtd lg0f{o eg] eO;s]sf] 5}g, g]kfnL 6f]nLsf] cfsf/df ;fdfGo x]/k]m/ x'g] ;Defjgf 5Ú ;b:o–;lrj l;+xn] ;f]daf/ sflGtk'/;"u s'/fsfgL ub}{ eGg'eof] . pxf"n] gjf}+ ;fkm v]ns'bdf ;xefuL hgfpg tLg s/f]8 ah]6 cfjZos /x]sf] atfp"b} Ps ;ftfleq cy{ dGqfnoaf6 ah]6 kf; x'g] ljZjf; kf]Vg'eof] . g]kfnn] gjf}+ ;fkm v]ns'bdf ;xefuL hgfpg] v]ndf Pyn]l6S;, Aof8ldG6g, skbL{, kf}8L, elnan, ef/f]Qf]ng, s':tL, ;'l6ª, :Sjf;, 6]an6]lg;, t]SjfGbf], alS;ª, s/f"t] / k'm6an 5g\ .

…aGb lzlj/ cfOtaf/af6 ;'? eP klg ljif]z k|lzIf0f eg] d+l;/ @% b]lv ;'? ePsf] xf] . o;kN6 k|ltof]lutfdf ef/tsf] cg'kl:ylt /xg] x'"bf xfd|f] ;Defjgf /fd|f] 5Ú ;b:o–;lrj l;+xn] eGg'eof] . ef/tn] ;'/Iff sf/0f b]vfP/ kfls:tfgdf cfÎgf v]nf8L gk7fpg] eP klg gjf}+ ;fkm v]ns'b 3f]lift ;dodf g} x'g] lglZrt eO;s]sf] 5 . ;b:o–;lrj l;+xsf cg';f/ blIf0f Pl;ofsf cGo /fi6«n] ef/tsf] alxisf/ afah'b k|ltof]lutfdf efu lng] lglZrt /x]sf] atfO;s]sf] 5 .

s/f"t] / k'm6anafx]s cGo !@ v]ndf ;xefuL x'g] v]nf8L eg] 5gf]6 eO;s]sf 5g\ . g];gn OlG:6Ro'6 ckm :kf]6{;sf lgb]{zs xl/x/ >]i7sf cg';f/ alS;ª, s/f"t] / k'm6ansf] 5gf]6 klg rf"8} ;DkGg x'g]5 . s/f"t]tkm{ @$ / @% ut] clGtd 5gf]6 x'g] sfo{qmd 5 . To; 5gf]6df c~rnaf6 o;cl3 g} 5gf]6 eO;s]sf v]nf8Ln] dfq k|lt:kwf{ ug]{5g\ . k'm6antkm{ eg] Pl;ofnL k'm6an dxf;+3sf] gof" lgodcGtu{t @# jif{d'lgsf v]nf8Ln] dfq ;xeflutf hgfpg ;Sg]5g\ . lgb]{zs >]i7sf cg';f/ sl/a Ps dlxgf nfdf] aGb lzlj/n] k|ltof]lutfdf ;xeflutf hgfpg v]nf8LnfO{ dfgl;s¿kn] tof/ ug]{5 .

clxn];Dd 5gf]6 ePsf v]nf8LdWo] Pyn]l6S;tkm{ ch'{gs'df/ a:g]t, ofdaxfb'/ k'8f;}gL, b]jLaxfb'/ a:g]t, nLnfs'df/ >]i7, gGbnfn dxtf], k|]daxfb'/ dxt, /fh]Gb| e08f/L, 1fgaxfb'/ af]x/f, plh/l;+x lai6, wL/]Gb|hª zfx, dbg/fh lu/L, ;ld1f zfSo, rGb| yfkf, lgd{n ef/tL / sfG5Ldfof sf]h' 5g\ . Aof8ldG6gtkm{ 5gf]6 v]nf8Ldf kz'klt kg]¿, an/fd yfkf, OGb| dxtf, k+sh rGb, /hgL >]i7, ;'ldgf tfdfª, sNkgf /f0ff / ;'hgf >]i7 tyf skbL{tkm{ ;/f]hs'df/ l;+x, df]tLnfn dxtf], ;~ho >]i7, ;'lw/ l3ld/], bLlnk v8\sf, 8Da/ a9'jfn, nIdLwg clwsf/L, ljsf; >]i7, hubLz gflkt, dgf]hs'df/ d08n, s]jn /fpt / gj/fh clwsf/L 5g\ .

o:t} kf}8Ltkm{ lrqaxfb'/ u'?ª, Pln; >]i7, k'ik/fh zfxL, rGbl;+x dxtf], gogf zfSo, ljljwf l/dfn, z}nf /f0ff / ;'hgf zfSo tyf ;'l6ªtkm{ 6Lsf/fd >]i7, rfg; /fO{, cl;d ofbj, pk]Gb| yfkf, v':a' rf}w/L / ;+lugf sfsL{ 5gf]6 ePsf 5g\ . :Sjf;tkm{ xL/faxfb'/ yfkf, ;'/]z u'?ª, ;Togf/fo0f >]i7 / lgdf{0f rf}w/L tyf 6]an6]lg;tkm{ ;'zLn kf}8\ofn, /fh]Gb| skfnL, uf]kfn dxh{g, lzj;'Gb/ uf]y], /jLGb| zfSo, uLtf yfkf, d'gf af;'snf, ;GWof >]i7, ;l/tf >]i7 / k'hg >]i7n] k|ltlglwTj ug]{5g\ .

t]SjfGbf]sf nflu 5gf]6 v]nf8Ldf s'df/ dfgGw/, k"0f{s'df/ of]~hg, /fdz/0f rf}w/L, bLks lai6, lg/~hg >]i7, /fdhLk|;fb bfxfn, ab|Lgfy a:g]t, eLd /fgfef6, kb\df u'?ª, ;+lugf j}B / dlgtf dfgGw/ 5g\ eg] elnandf uf]kfn uf]b/, ;/f]h >]i7, tf/fsfGt rf}w/L, /fhs'df/, /lj af]u6L, anaxfb'/ >]i7, /fdrGb| s'dfn, 5ljnfn jnL, e/t zfx, bLks yfkf, kz'klt rf}w/L / /fdgGbl;+x yf¿ 5gf]6 ePsf 5g\ .

o:t} ef/f]Qf]ngdf /fs]z /l~ht, sdn clwsf/L, /fh' /fgf, zDe' ;'g'jf/, 1fgaxfb'/ >]i7, a[h]Gb|ljqmd zfx / uf]kfn >]i7 tyf s':tLdf a;Gtaxfb'/ yfkf, dbgk|;fb ofbj, /fh]Gb| clx/, k|Nxfb ofbj, a|Dxb]j ofbj / /fhLz/0f ofbjn] k|ltlglwTj ug]{5g\ .

dx]Gb| k'ln;n] pkflw lhTof]
k'is/Wjh zfxL :d[ltsk alS;ª

sf7df8f}+, !( kmfu'g -sf;_– tLg :j0f{ kbs;lxt dx]Gb| k'ln; Snan] k'is/Wjh zfxL :d[ltsk alS;ª k|ltof]lutfsf] pkflw xft kf/]sf] 5 .

k|yd ;fkmsf :j0f{ kbs ljh]tf k'is/Wjh zfxLsf] ;Demgfdf cfof]lht k|ltof]lutfcGtu{t ;f]daf/ clGtd lbgsf] kmfOgndf $* s]hLtkm{ g]kfn o'jf alS;ª Snasf /f]zg uf]kfnL k|yd eP .

To:t} %! s]hLtkm{ bfªsf 1fg]Gb|axfb'/ zfx, aemfªsf xl/ vltj8f / vf]lk|ªsf /fdk|;fb nf]dfnn] cl3Nnf tLg :yfg cf]u6] eg] %$ s]hLtkm{ dx]Gb| k'ln; Snasf lgdaxfb'/ /]pnL, n'lDagL v's'/L Snasf uf]kfn >]i7 / k|HHjn Snasf e"k]z zfSon] k|yd, låtLo tyf t[tLo :yfg xft kf/] .

kf"r lbg;Dd bz/y /+uzfnf se8{xndf ;~rflnt k|ltof]lutfcGtu{t %& s]hLtkm{ k;f{sf lbg]z >]i7 klxnf, vf]lk|ªsf Zofd;'Gb/ b'jfn bf];|f tyf lrtjgsf s[i0faxfb'/ s'dfn t];|f eP . ^) s]hL tf}n ;d"xdf k;f{sf ;'zLn l3ld/] :j0f{ xfl;n u/] .

To;}u/L ^$ s]hLtkm{ dx]Gb| k'ln;sf sfdLnfn df]Qmfgn] :j0f{ kbs xft kf/] . To:t} ^( s]hLtkm{ dx]Gb| k'ln; Snasf /f]lx0fL lwtfn klxnf] eP eg] &% s]hLtkm{ eQmk'/ alS;ª Snasf lg/h cdfTon] :j0f{ lht] .

dx]Gb| k'ln; Snasf lgdaxfb'/ pTs[i6 aS;/ 3f]lift eP eg] g]kfn alS;ª u|'k krnL e}/jsf b]j]Gb| dxh{gnfO{ gj k|ltefzfnL v]nf8L 3f]lift ub}{ s[i0fdf]xg :d[ltsk k|bfg ul/of] .

lIflthsk @))#
lIflth, o'jf Sna / ;+ud ;]ldkmfOgndf

bdf}nL, !( kmfu'g -sf;_– lhNnf:t/Lo …lIflthsk @))#Ú cGtu{t ;f]daf/ ePsf] v]ndf ljho k|fKt ub}{ cfof]hs lIflth, o'jf Sna ledfb / ;+ud o'jf Sna ;]ldkmfOgndf k|j]z u/]sf 5g\ .

lIflth :kf]l6{ª Snasf] cfof]hgfdf ;b/d'sfd bdf}nLl:yt v'Nnf d}bfgdf ePsf] Sjf6/kmfOgnsf] klxnf] v]ndf cfof]hs lIflth :kf]l6{ªn] gjk|eft o'jf SnanfO{ #–@ n] x/fp"b} ;]ldkmfOgndf k|j]z u/]sf] xf] .

lIflthsf tkm{af6 ;Gtf]if >]i7n] Ps / dbg kGyn] b'O{ uf]n u/]sf lyP eg] k|ltpQ/df gjk|eftsf lk|td yfkf / O{Zj/ cfn]n] Ps–Ps uf]n kmsf{Psf lyP .

To:t} bf];|f] v]ndf o'jf Sna ledfbn] e"k" Sna bdf}nLnfO{ 6fOa|]s/df $–# n] x/fof] . lgwf{l/t ;do;Dd Ps–Ps uf]nn] a/fa/Ldf /x]sf b'j} l6daf6 cltl/Qm ;dodf ;d]t uf]n gePkl5 k|lt:kwf{sf] l5gf]kmfgf] 6fOa|]s/af6 ul/Psf] xf] . lgwf{l/t v]nsf] ;dodf o'jf Snasf] tkm{af6 cdg yfkf / e"k"sf] tkm{af6 dgf]h dNnn] Ps–Ps uf]n u/]sf lyP .

To:t} clGtd v]ndf ;+ud;"u !^ jif{d'lgsf ledfb l6d @–! n] xf¥of] . v]n ;dfKt x'g b'O{ ldg]6 af"sL /x"bf b'O{ uf]nn] k5fl8 /x]sf] !^ jif{d'lgsf ledfbsf tkm{af6 clGtd ;dodf lrq aflgof"n] Ps uf]n kmsf{Psf lyP . ;+udsf nflu ;f]gfd /ª8f]n / z'qm yfkfn] annfO{ hfnL r'dfPsf lyP .

lqe'jg SnanfO{ x/fPkl5 hfjnfv]nnfO{ ;efkltsk

sf7df8f}+, !( kmfu'g -sf;_– k|lt:kwf{Tds kmfOgndf cfof]hs hfjnfv]n k|lzIf0f Sna …PÚ n] lqe'jg SnanfO{ #–@ ;]6n] x/fp"b} ;efkltsk /fli6«o:t/Lo k'?if elnan k|ltof]lutfsf] pkflw xft kfg{ ;kmn ePsf] 5 .

cfof]hs l6dn] u[x sf]6{df zfxL g]kfnL ;]gfsf] lqe'jg SnanfO{ !*–@%, @%–@@, @%–@#, !&–@% / !%–!@ n] x/fp"b} js{;sk elnansf] k/fhosf] abnf lnPsf] 5 . elnandf lr/ k|ltåGåLsf] ¿kdf /x]sf] lqe'jg Snadfly cfof]hsn] b'O{ dlxgfkl5 km]l/ cfkm\gf} sf]6{df x/fPsf] 5 .

klxnf] ;]6 tyf rf}yf] ;]6df ljhoL l6dnfO{ 7"nf] cGt/n] kl5 kf/] klg lqe'jg Snan] clGtd ;]6df tLg c+skl5 k/]/ ;efkltsk u'dfof] .

kf"r lbg;Dd hfjnfv]ndf ;~rflnt k|ltof]lutfcGtu{t t];|f] :yfgsf nflu ePsf] v]ndf 9f]/kf6gn] k"jf{~rn l6dnfO{ ;f]emf] #–) ;]6n] kl5 kf¥of] . pQm v]ndf 9f]/kf6g :kf]6{; Sna @%–@@, @%–!* / @%–@# n] ljhoL eof] .

k|ltof]lutfdf klxnf] :yfg xfl;n ug]{ cfof]hs l6dn] !) xhf/ ?k}of" xft kf¥of] eg] pk–ljh]tfsf] ¿kdf lrQ a'emfPsf] lqe'jg Snan] ;ft xhf/ ?k}of" xfl;n u¥of] . To:t} t];|f] :yfgsf] le8Gtdf ljhoL 9f]/kf6gn] tLg xhf/ ?k}of" lhTof] .

AjfOhnfO{ x/fp+b} w/fg ;]ldkmfOgndf

kf]v/f, !( kmfu'g -sf;_– ;zQm dflgPsf] …PÚ l8lehgsf] AjfOh SnanfO{ x/fp"b} w/fg Sna ;]ldkmfOgndf k|j]z u/]sf] 5 . kf]v/f /+uzfnfdf eO/x]sf] v's'/Lsk k|ltof]lutfcGtu{t ;f]daf/sf] v]ndf w/fgn] AjfOh Sna sf7df8f}+nfO{ %–) n] x/fof] .

k"jf{4{;Dd s'g} klg l6dn] uf]n ug{ ;s]sf lyPgg\ . pQ/f4{kl5 ;zQm cfqmd0fdf plqPsf] w/fg Snan] AjfOh SnanfO{ Pskl5 csf]{ uf]n yKb} sf7df8f}+df x'g] clGtd k|lt:kwf{df k'Ug] AjfOh Snasf] ;kgfnfO{ w/fzoL agfOlbof] .

w/fgsf rlr{t v]nf8L ;lrg /fO{ / s]x]Gb| lnDa"sf] b'O{–b'O{ uf]n / snd a:g]tn] u/]sf] Ps uf]n;lxt kf"r uf]nsf] cGt/df AjfOh SnanfO{ nHhf:kb k/fho lbnfPsf lyP .

AjfOh Snasf v]nf8Ln] l8–Pl/ofdf u/]sf] x\ofG8sf sf/0f /fO{n] klxnf] uf]n k]gfN6Laf6 u/]sf lyP . k]gfN6Laf6 Ps uf]nn] cu|tf lnPsf] w/fgn] pT;fxL aGb} c¿ uf]n yk]sf] lyof] . /fO{n] klxnf] uf]n % cf}+ ldg]6, bf];|f] uf]n s]x]Gb| lnDa"n] * cf}+ ldg]6, t];|f] uf]n klg lnDa"n] g} $) cf}+ ldg]6df u/]sf lyP eg] ;lrg /fO{n] rf}yf] uf]n $$ ldg]6df u/]sf lyP . sdn a:g]tn] u/]sf] kf"rf}+ uf]n clGtd Ps ldg]6sf] OGh'/L ;dodf ePsf] lyof] .

lj/f6gu/

bf];|f] r/0fsf] v's'/Lsk km'6an k|ltof]lutfcGtu{t lj/f6gu/df ;~rflnt ;f]daf/sf] v]ndf uf]vf{ AjfOh Sna ?kGb]xLnfO{ $–) n] k/flht ub}{ y|L–:6f/ Sna sf7df8f}+ ;]ldkmfOgndf k|j]z u/]sf] 5 . k"jf{4{sf] clGtd Ps ldg]6sf] ;do af"sL /x"bf y|L–:6f/sf :6«fOs/ pd]z nfdfn] cfkm\gf] l6dsf nflu uf]n u/]sf lyP .

pQ/f4{sf] klxnf] ldg]6d} y|L–:6f/n] k'gM csf]{ uf]n yk]sf] lyof] . pQm uf]n gu]Gb| lnDa"n] u/]sf lyP . v]nsf] %) cf}+ ldg]6df y|L–:6f/sf pd]z nfdfn] k'gM Ps uf]n yKb} cfkm\gf] l6dnfO{ #–) uf]nn] ;zQm t'NofPsf lyP .

%^ cf}+ ldg]6df ;'/]Gb| tfdfªn] ljkIfL kf]i6df xfg]sf] an uf]vf{ AjfOhsf bLks yfkfsf] v'§fdf nfu]/ cfTd3ftL uf]ndf kl/0ft ePsf] lyof] .

g]kfnuGh

bf];|f] r/0fcGtu{t ;f]daf/ g]kfnuGhdf ePsf] v's'/Lsk km'6an k|ltof]lutfdf 6fOa|]s/af6 emfkfn] k;f{sf] o'jf :kf]6{; SnanfO{ (–* uf]nn] x/fof] .

lgwf{l/t ;dodf b'j} kIfn] !–! uf]n u/]sf sf/0f uf]N8]g ;do x'"b} 6fOa|]s/;Dd b'j} ;d"xnfO{ v]nfOPsf] lyof] . 6fOa|]s/df emfkfsf Ps tyf k;f{sf b'O{ v]nf8Ln] uf]n ug{ ;s]gg\ . o'jf :kf]6{; k;f{nfO{ x/fpg] emfkf clGtd r/0fdf k|j]z u/]sf] 5 .

pQm v]ndf kfPsf] 6fOa|]s/nfO{ emfkfsf gL/axfb'/ sfsL{ tyf k;f{sf lg/Ghg k6]n / ;'ne /fgf uf]n ug{ c;kmn /x]sf lyP .