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/fhgLlts k|0ffnL M 6'+lu;s]sf] ljjfb

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k|hftflGqs k|lqmof vnalnPsf] kf"r dlxgf eof] . ;ft jÈ{ nfdf] /Stkftdf lj/fd nfu]sf] kf"r ;ftf eof] . k|hftflGqs zf;glt/ hfg] ;'/;f/ 5}g . zflGtjftf{ ug]{ ;/sf/L 6f]nLsf] 6'+uf] 5}g . dfcf]jfbLx¿ lj/f]wdf 5"b}lyP . hgk|ltlglw kf6L{x¿, gful/s ;dfh / cfd hgcledtaf6 ;d]t ;/sf/ PlSnPsf] 5 . o:tf] ;/sf/n] d'n'snfO{ g lbuf] zflGt lbg ;Sb5 g k|hftGq . To;}n] d'n'sdf k|hftGqsf] eljioaf/] lrGtf 5 / o'4lj/fd s'g a]nf e+u eOlbg] xf] eGg] qf; 5 . l:yltnfO{ ;DxfNb}–;'wfb}{ n}hfg] jf lau|g lbg] < cfhsf] cfjZostfaf6 lgb]{lzt x'g] jf lxhf]sf l/;af6 < /f]hfO xfd|f] xf] .

o'4lj/fd 3f]È0ff ePkl5 zflGt k|lqmof cufl8 a9fpg] / c;f]hotf /fhf / k|d'v kf6L{aLr a9\b} uPsf] b"/L ;dfKt kfg]{ sfo{ hf]l8g k'u]sf 5g\ . b'j} sfo{sf nflu k|efjsf/L, k|ltlglwTjk"0f{ / k|hftflGqs ;/sf/ x'g' cfjZos 5 . lxhf]sf u'gf;fx¿eGbf cfhsf cfjZostfnfO{ x]/]/ /fhf / hgk|ltlglw kf6L{x¿ -g]kfnL sf+u|];, Pdfn] / cGo_ aLr ;+jfb / ;xdltaf6 Jofks ;dy{gsf] alnof] ;/sf/ lgdf{0f ePdf dfcf]jfbLl;t jftf{ k|efjsf/L ¿kn] ;~RFfng ug{ / zflGt k|lqmofdf Jofks ;xeflutf / ;dy{g h'6fpg ;lhnf] x'g]5 . /fhf, hgk|ltlglw kf6L{x¿ / hgcledt Pp6} lbzfdf Ps;fy cufl8 a9fpg ;+ljwfgsf clxn] lgliqmo /x]sf k|fjwfgx¿nfO{ ;lqmo kfg{] ;/sf/ cfpg'kb{5 . d'n'ssf] d"n k|hftflGqs k|jfxnfO{ k|ltlglwTj ug]{ ;/sf/ gx'"bf zflGt k|lqmof;d]t /fd|/L ;'¿ x'g / tfls{s lgisÈ{df k'Ug ;Sg] 5}g eGg] s'/f ljut kf"r ;ftfn] klg b]vfPsf 5g\ .

jftf{ s;n] ug]{ jf sf]l;t ug]{ eGg] ljÈodf ;d]t ljjfb b]lvg' /fd|f] xf]Og . gf/fo0fl;+x k'g dfcf]jfbL ;d:of tyf /fli6«o ;d:of ;dfwfg pRr:t/Lo cfof]usf ;+of]hs cyjf jftf{6f]nLsf ;+of]hs x'g\ jf /fhfsf k|ltlglw x'g\ jf dlGqkl/Èb\sf ;b:o x'g\ h:tf s'/f p7]sf 5g\ . jftf{ x'g] ;/sf/ / dfcf]jfbLaLr xf] . o;df e|d gx'g'kg]{ xf] . t/ ;/sf/ g} ;/sf/h:tf] gx'"bf e|d a9\b5 . dfcf]jfbLnfO{ ;/sf/l;t jftf{ u/] c;f]h k|ltudgnfO{ dfGotf lbPsf] bf]if nfUg] / /fhfl;t jftf{ u/] ;+j}wflgs /fhfnfO{ ;lqmo t'Nofpg vf]h]sf] cf/f]k nfUg] l:ylt t 5"b}5 . ;fy} To:tf] jftf{nfO{ Jofks ;dy{g k|fKt gx'g] ;Defjgf klg 5 . dfcf]jfbLsf] ljjfb jt{dfg ;+j}wflgs kl/kf6Ll;t xf] / To;nfO{ k|ltlglwTj ug]{ ;/sf/ gx'"bf hl6ntf ylkPsf] xf] .

dfcf]jfbLx¿ jt{dfg ax'bnLo k|hftflGqs ;+;bLo /fhgLlts kl/kf6LnfO{ dfGb}gg\ . To;nfO{ pgLx¿ k'/fgf] ;Qf eGb5g\ / cfkm"n] gof" ;Qfsf] k|ltlglwTj u/]sf] atfp"b5g\ . To;}n] pgLx¿n] lx+;fTds cfGbf]ng ;'¿ u/]sf x'g\ . of] cfGbf]ng d"n¿kdf /fhgLlts cfGbf]ng xf], ;fdflhs jf cfly{s cfGbf]ng xf]Og . /fhgLlts kl/kf6Ln] ef]Ug'k/]sf cK7]/fx¿nfO{, o;leqsf cGt/lj/f]w / o;sf sdL–sdhf]/LnfO{ ltgn] pkof]u u/]sf x'g\ . ;fdflhs–cfly{s ¿kfGt/0f ug{ g;s]sf] tyf k|hftGqnfO{ ;dfj]zL k|hftGqsf] ¿kdf geO{ k|fljlws ax'dtsf] kl/kf6Lsf] ¿kdf dfq x]l/Psf] l:yltaf6 ltgLx¿n] kmfObf lng vf]h]sf x'g\ . t/ ltgLx¿n] s] klg a'em]sf 5g\ eg] ltgsf] ;f]rsf] gof" hgjfbL qmflGt / hgtfsf] hgjfbL clwgfosTj ;Defjgfleqsf] ;fWo xf]Og . clxn] ltgLx¿n] s'g} la;f}gL vf]lh/x]sf] b]vfkb{5, h;sf] rl/qaf/] ltgLx¿ cfkm}+ cem} :ki6 x'g ;ls/x]sf 5}gg\ .

dfcf]jfbLx¿sf lglDt jftf{ To:tf] la;f}gLsf] vf]hL xf] eg] ;+ljwfgjfbLx¿sf lglDt jftf{ ax'bnLo k|hftflGqs /fhgLlts kl/kf6Ldf s] s:tf ;'wf/ ubf{ dfcf]jfbLx¿nfO{ cfslÈ{t ug{ ;lsG5 / ltgsf] k|efjdf /x]sf dflg;x¿nfO{ k|hftGqsf] kÔdf Nofpg ;lsG5 eGg] pkfosf] vf]hL xf] . clxn]sf] sfo{ hgtfdf lglxt k|e';Qf k|of]usf] k|0ffnLdf s] s:tf] ljsf; ubf{ of] a9L lrQa'em\bf], ;dfj]zL / k|efjsf/L x'g]5 eGg] klxNofpg] xf] . dfcf]jfbLx¿n] k|:tfljt u/]sf uf]nd]r ;Dd]ng, cGtl/d ;/sf/ / ;+ljwfg;ef cfkm}+df /fhgLlts ;'wf/ sfo{qmd xf]Ogg\ . tL To:tf] ;'wf/ sfo{qmd s] x'g ;Sb5 egL klxNofpg] k|lqmof, ;fwg jf sfo{ljlw x'g ;Sb5g\ . tL tLgj6} cfkm}+df /fhgLlts kl/kf6L xf]Ogg\ / ;fWo klg xf]Ogg\ . ltgsf] JofVof / nIo s] xf] eGg] s'/f dfcf]jfbL kÔaf6 k|:t't ePkl5 ltgdf ljrf/ ug{ ;lsg] s'/f x'g\ .

c;f]hsf] zfxL ;Qfu|x0fn] ;+ljwfgjfbLx¿df km'6 NofOlbof] . jt{dfg ;/sf/ ToxL km'6sf] k|tLs ag]sf] 5 / /fhgLlts kl/kf6Lsf] ;DaGwdf 6'+luPsf] ljjfbnfO{ k'/fg} 7fp"df kmsf{P/ k'gM vf]Ng] k|of;sf] cleJolSt ag]sf] 5 . /fhf, sf+u|]; / u}/dfcf]jfbL sDo'lg:6aLr /fhgLlts kl/kf6L;DaGwL ljjfb @)$& ;fndf jt{dfg ;+ljwfg nfu" ul/Pkl5 6'+luPsf] xf] ls xf]Og < dfcf]jfbLl;t jftf{ ;'¿ x'g'cl3 of] s'/fdf k|i6 x'g'kb{5 . ljjfb d"ne"t ¿kdf 6'+luPsf] :jLsf/ ug]{ xf] eg] Pp6f /0fgLlt x'g ;Sb5, ljjfb af"sL g} 5 eGg] xf] eg] csf]{ /0fgLlt .

b/af/jfbLx¿n] /fhgLlts ljjfbnfO{ k'gM vf]Ng vf]h]sf 5g\ . t/ ltgLx¿ cfkm}+df zlSt xf]Ogg\, To;}n] ltgLx¿ /fh;+:yfsf] cf8df cfÏgf] :jfy{ k"/f ug{ vf]Hb5g\ / /fh;+:yfnfO{ ;fdGtL ;+:yfsf] ¿kdf /flv/fVg rfxG5g\ . lj=;+= @)$& ;fnkZrft\ /fh;+:yf kl/jlt{t eO;s]sf]af6 ltgsf] :jfy{df wSsf k'u]sf] 5, lsgeg] ltgLx¿ :jtGq k|lt:kwf{df ;kmn x'g ;Sb}gg\ . lsgeg] ltgLx¿sf] o'u lalt;Sof] . ltgLx¿n] /fh;+:yfnfO{ lbuf] / alnof] kfg]{ xf]Ogg\, To;nfO{ s]xL lbg] xf]Ogg\, To;af6 lng]dfq x'g\ . /fh;+:yf ltgdf c8]sf] 5}g, ltgL /fh;+:yfdf c8]sf 5g\ . ;+j}wflgs /fhtGqsf kÔw/x¿ /fh;+:yfsf cfw'lgs :tDe x'g\ . ltgnfO{ /fh;+:yfaf6 cfÏgf] :jfy{ l;4 ug'{ 5}g . ;+j}wflgs /fhtGq / ax'bnLo k|hftGq cleGg s'/f xf]Ogg\, t/ xfdLsxf" ;+j}wflgs /fhtGq ax'bnLo k|hftGql;t cleGg ¿kdf hf]l8Psf] 5 . hgtfsf] lg0f{o hgtfn] g} ug]{ / ltgsf /fhgLlts zlStx¿sf] ¿kdf /fhgLlts kf6L{x¿n] sfd ug]{ ax'bnLo k|hftGqsf] af6f]df afws aGg] xf] eg] ls t Tof] ;+j}wflgs /lx/x"b}g ls /fhtGq /lx/x"b}g . sfo{sf/L /fhtGq jf lg/+s'z /fhtGq g clxn]sf] ;d:ofsf] hjfkm xf], g jt{dfg ;dosf] cfjZostf / :jfefljstf . To;}n] lxhf]sf] ljjfbnfO{ k'gM ;'¿ ug]{ xf]Og . lxhf]sf] v'8lsnf]df cf]n{]/ k'/fg} ljjfbdf cNdlng] xf]Og, gof" v'8lsnf]df pSn]/ gof" ljjfbsf] ;dfwfg vf]Hg] xf] .

clxn] ;Dk"0f{ d'n'snfO{ s;/L ;d]6\g], hgtfsf zlStx¿df cfPsf] lx+;fTds ljefhgnfO{ s;/L ;dfKt kfg]{ / ;Dk"0f{ d'n'ssf] Wofg ljsf; sfo{df s;/L nufpg] eGg] k|Zg 5 . k'/fgf] ljjfbnfO{ k'gM pKsfpg] k|of;nfO{ k|f]T;fxg lbOg' plrt x'g] 5}g . s;}nfO{ PSNofpg] jf g;d]6\g] clek|foMn] ;dLs/0f vf]lhg' klg x'"b}g . k|To]sn] cfÏgf] ;fGble{stf cfkm}+n] k|dfl0ft ug{'kb{5 . cfÏgf] ;fGble{stf sfod ug{ c¿df km'6 Nofpg] s'/f lbuf] x'"b}g . a¿ Tof] k/flht dfgl;stf eg] x'g ;Sb5, h'g cfÏgf] ;antfdf xf]Og c¿sf] b'a{ntfdf a9L cfl>t x'g k'Ub5 . jt{dfg ;+ljwfglj¿4 dfcf]jfbLx¿ / b/af/sf] ;dembf/L agfpg]]] jf /fh;+:yf lj¿4 dfcf]jfbLx¿ / /fhgLlts kf6L{x¿sf] ;dembf/L agfpg]]] jf dfcf]jfbLlj¿4 /fhf / kf6L{sf] ;dembf/L agfpg] k|of; ;d:of ;dfwfgsf] af6f] xf]Og . sf+u|]; / Pdfn]aLr ljefhg Nofpg], /fhf / ;+;bLo kf6L{aLr kmf6f] a9fpg], dfcf]jfbL / cGo /fhgLlts kf6L{dfem a]d]nsf] kmfObf lng], PsnfO{ csf{sf lj¿4 h'wfpg] h:tf v]n v]Ng] ;do clxn] 5}g . To:tf] v]n b]zelStk"0f{ 7xl/g] 5}g . /fhf / /fhgLlts kf6L{aLr kl/kf6L;DaGwL 6'+lu;s]sf] ljjfbnfO{ k'gM vf]Ng' cfkm}+df /fi6«lxtsf] kÔdf 5}g . g]kfnL dfcf]jfb / ;+j}wflgs k|hftGqaLr pTkGg ljjfbsf] zflGtk"0f{ ;dfwfg vf]Hg] af6f]df Tof] afws;d]t 5 . d'n's hlt;Sof] l56f] ;+j}wflgs k|lqmofdf cfpg'kb{5 / k|ltlglw :j¿k / ;f/sf] zf;g x'g'kb{5 . k|hftflGqs d"nk|jfxsf] k|ltlglwTj gug]{ ;/sf/n] c¿nfO{ k|hftflGqs k|jfxdf Nofpg] sfo{ ;kmntf;fy ;Dkfbg ug{ ;Sg]5 egL ljZjf; lng ;ls"b}g .

s]xLnfO{ dfcf]jfbLx¿n] g]kfnL Oltxf;df klxnf]k6s ufp"–ufp";Dd r]tgfsf] nx/ km}nfP eGg] e|d 5 . klxnf] s'/f, r]tgf eg]sf] s] ;xL / s] unt, s] plrt / s] cg'lrt, s] cfjZos / s] cgfjZos egL 5'6\ofpg] / To;cg';f/ sfo{ ug]{ g}lts Ôdtf xf] . lx+;fsf] k|of]u xf]Og . bf];|f] s'/f, /fhgLlts kf6L{x¿n] ufp"–ufp"df cfÏgf ultljlwdf nfvf}+–nfv g]kfnLx¿nfO{ ptf/]sf] tYosf] cjd"Nof+sg ug{ ldNb}g . :yfgLo lgjf{rg / kf6L{sf cGo ultljlwnfO{ 5f8]/ cfdlgjf{rgnfO{ dfq x]g]{ xf] eg] klg @)%^ ;fnsf] cfdlgjf{rgdf sl/a *( nfv dflg;x¿n] a'ydf cfP/ dtbfg u/]sf lyP . o;dWo] %( nfveGbf a9Ln] g]kfnL sf+u|]; / Pdfn]sf] kÔdf km};nf u/]sf lyP . k|ToÔ ¿kdf %( nfv dtbftfx¿nfO{ k|ltlglwTj ug]{ ePsfn] g} ltgLx¿n] hgk|ltlglw kf6L{sf] x}l;ot /fVb5g\ . of] ltgsf] /]s8{ xf] . csf]{ /]s8{n] gtf]8\bf;Dd ltgLx¿sf] klxnf] / bf];|f] hgk|ltlglw kf6L{sf] x}l;otnfO{ ltgdfly nufOg] s'g} klg ldYof jf ;xL cf/f]kn] vl08t ug{ ;Sb}g . ltgsf] ;xeflutf / ;xdltlagf d'n'ssf] k|hftflGqs ;~rfng x'g ;Sb}g .

dtkqsf] zlStnfO{ dfGotf lbg] k|0ffnLnfO{ :jLsf/ ug]{ xf] eg] ut lgjf{rgsf] kl/0ffdn] b]vfPsf zlStx¿nfO{ of t pgsf] plrt :yfg lbg'k¥of] of cljnDa gof" lgjf{rgdf hfg ;Sg'k¥of] . lj=;+= @)$& ;fnsf] /fhgLlts zlSt ;Gt'ngdf clxn] kl/jt{g cfPsfn] /fhf, ax'bnLo k|hftGqsf kÔw/x¿ / dfcf]jfbLaLr zlSt ;Gt'ngnfO{ k|ltljlDat ug]{ u/L gof" ;+ljwfg aGg'kb{5 eGg] ts{ klg ;'Gg] ul/G5 . zlSt ;Gt'ngdf cfPsf] kl/jt{gsf] gfkf] k|hftflGqs lgjf{rgsf] kl/0ffd x'g'kb{5, c¿ s'g} gfkf] x'g'x'"b}g . jt{dfg kl/kf6L cGtu{t g} klg r'gfjdf ax'dt NofP/ clt blÔ0fkGyLb]lv lnP/ clt jfdkGyL;Ddn] ;/sf/ agfpg ;Sb5g\ . k|hftGqdf ;+ljwfgn] zlSt ;Gt'ngnfO{ k|blz{t ub}{g, cfjlws lgjf{rgsf kl/0ffdx¿n] ub{5g\ .

o'4lj/fdsf] cy{ ;+j}wflgs k|lqmofdf / k|hftflGqs ultljlwdf lj/fd nfu]sf] xf]Og, /fHo ;~rfng k|lqmof /f]lsPsf] xf]Og . zflGt k|lqmof k"/f gx'"bf;Dd jt{dfg ;+ljwfg cGtu{tsf lqmofsnfkx¿ / k|ltlglw ;+:yfx¿sf] lgdf{0f sfo{ :ylut x'g] xf]Og . cfjZos k/] lgjf{rg klg x'g'kb{5 . c;f]htGqnfO{ ;dy{g u/]sf] cf/f]k a]xf]g]{ d"Nodf dfq dfcf]jfbLn] jt{dfg ;+ljwfgsf cj¿4 k|fjwfg ;lqmo kfg]{ s'/fnfO{ cfklQhgs 7fGg ;Sb5g\ . dfcf]jfbLn] uf]nd]r ;Dd]ng, cGtl/d ;/sf/ / ;+ljwfg;ef eg]/ dfq k'Ug] 5}g . ltgLx¿ ax'bnLo k|hftGqsf] kÔdf 5g\ jf 5}gg\, Tof] klg eGg' kg]{5 . ax'bnLo k|hftGqsf] kÔdf 5g\ eg] cu|ufdL lgsf;sf nflu To;sf] jt{dfg :j¿kdf s] s:tf] ;'wf/ rfxG5g\, Tof] klg ltgLx¿n] :ki6 kfg'{ kg]{5 .

xfdLn] vf]h]sf] ;dfwfg ax'bnLo k|hftflGqs kl/kf6LeGbf aflx/ jf To;sf] d"Nodf xf]Og . ax'bnLo k|hftflGqs kl/kf6Lleq xf] . s:tf] /fhgLlts kl/kf6L ckgfpg] eGg] ljjfb k'gM ;'¿ ug]{ xf]Og, ax'bnLo k|hftflGqs kl/kf6Lsf] jt{dfg :j¿kdf s] s:tf] ;'wf/ Nofpg] eGg] s'/fdf ;xdlt vf]Hg] xf] .

s] ;xL xf] eg], ljutdf s;n] s] u¥of] eGg] klg x]g'{kb{5, s]nfpg'kb{5 / d"Nof+sg ug'{kb{5 . ;sf/fTds xf];\ jf gsf/fTds cflh{t cg'ejnfO{ lj:d[ltdf ;]nfpg' x'"b}g . k|ltzf]wsf] ;+:sf/h:t} b08xLgtf klg Gofok"0f{ ;dfh lgdf{0fdf afws x'G5 . Oltxf; la;{gsf nflu x'"b}g . Oltxf;n] cfkm}+ klg cfÏgf] km};nf ug]{ ub{5 . t/ lxhf] /fhfn] s] u/], sf+u|];n] s] u¥of], Pdfn]n] s] u¥of], dfcf]jfbLn] s] u/] egL To;nfO{ x]g]{ s'/fnfO{ k|fyldstf lbg] ;do of] xf]Og . clxn]sf] cj:yfdf /fhfn] s] ug'{ plrt x'G5, g]kfnL sf+u|];n] s] ug'{kb{5, Pdfn]n] s] ug'{kb{5, dfcf]jfbLn] s] ug'{kb{5 eGg] s'/fn] k|fyldstf kfpg'kb{5 . s;n] s] ug'{kb{5 eGg]lt/ xfd|f] Wofg ;+s]lGb|t x'g'kb{5 . gful/s ;dfhn] k|To]snfO{ p;n] ug'{kg]{ sfo{ ug{ bafa lbg ;Sg'kb{5 . hxf";Dd jt{dfg ;/sf/n] s] ug'{kb{5 eGg] k|Zg 5, To;n] gof" ;/sf/sf] af6f] 5]ls/fVg' 7Ls 5}g, zflGt k|lqmofnfO{ cufl8 a9fpgsf nflu klg, /fhf / d'n'ssf hgk|ltlglw kf6L{x¿aLr a9\bf] b"/LnfO{ sd ug{sf lglDt klg . ;j{bnLo a}7ssf] s'/f ;'lgG5, t/ Tof]eGbf k/ x]g'{ / Pstfsf] alnof] cleJolStsf] ¿kdf ;j{bnLo ;/sf/ lgdf{0f ug'{ cfjZos 5, h;n] xfdLnfO{ ljefhg ug]{ s'/fdf xf]Og xfdLnfO{ hf]8\g] s'/fdf ;Dk"0f{ Wofg s]lGb|t ug{ ;sf];\ .

cGo ;dfrf/