Pd;L;Llj?4 g]kfnsf] :t/Lo k|bz{g

sf7df8f}+, % r}t -sf;_– klxnf]kN6 g]kfn e|d0fdf /x]sf] d]l/lnaf]g lqms]6 Sna -Pd;L;L_ ;"u Ps ljs]6n] k/flht eP klg lk|l;8]G6 P3f/n] a'waf/ pTs[i6 k|bz{g ub}{ ljb]zL v]nf8LnfO{ ;d]t df]lxt kf/]sf] 5 . Pd;L;L ljZjs} klxnf] lqms]6 Sna xf] .

clGtd andf ljhosf nflu b'O{ /g rflxPsf]df a]g OGu|]n] sKtfg /fh' v8\sfsf] alnªdf rf}sf k|xf/ u/]kl5 d}qLk"0f{ v]ndf Pd;L;L;"u g]kfnL l6d k/flht ePsf] xf] .

lgwf{l/t $% cf]e/sf] v]ndf Pd;L;Ln] klxn] Aofl6ªsf nflu lgDTofPkl5 g]kfnL l6dn] $)=# cf]e/df ;a} ljs]6 u'dfP/ Ps ;o ^& /g agfPsf] lyof] .

k|To'Q/df Pd;L;Ln] gf} ljs]6 u'dfp"b} Ps ;o &) hf]8]/ ljhoL /x\of] . …g]kfnL l6dsf] :t/ o:tf] /xg]5 eg]/ xfdLn] ljZjf; lnPsf lyPgf}+, t/ xfd|f] ;f]rfO{ unt ;fljt eof] . cfh g]kfnL l6d k/flht eof] t/ pgLx¿sf] k|bz{gn] xfdL ;a}nfO{ df]lxt kf¥of]Ú Pd;L;Lsf sKtfg kpn c6\lsG;sf] :jLsf/f]lQm lyof] .

…cfhsf] v]nn] g]kfnL lqms]6sf] pHHjn eljiosf] ;+s]t u5{ t/ oxf"af6 to ug'{kg]{ ofqf ce}m w]/} 5Ú c6\lsG;n] cufl8 eg] . g]kfnL l6dsf >Ln+sfnL k|lzIfs /f]o 8fo;n] klg v]nf8Lx¿sf] k|bz{gaf6 cfk"m v';L ePsf] atfP . …Pd;L;L lqms]6 Oltxf;sf] Ps sfnv08f xf], pgLx¿lj?4 klg xfd|f] l6d ljhosf] olt glhs k'Ug' sd pknlAw xf]Og . xfd|f] l6dn] cfhs} h:tf] v]nsf] tgfjaf6 u'lh|g'k5,{Ú 8fo;n] eg] .

cGt/f{li6«o lqms]6sf @) 6]:6 tyf @! Pslbj;Lodf cDkfo/ /lx;s]sf hf]g x\ofDk;fo/n] a'waf/sf] v]ndf klg lg0ff{ossf] e"ldsf lgefP . pgn] g]kfnL lqms]6sf] k|z+;f ug{ sGHo';fO{ u/]gg\ . …cfhsf] lqms]6 /fd|f], oxf"sf] jftfj/0f, df};d / lkr ;a} /fd|f]Ú x\ofDk;fo/sf] egFO{ lyof] .

Pd;L;Lsf nflu k|f/lDes ;'?jft /fd|F] geP klg dWoqmdsf Aof6\;Dofgn] pRr of]ubfg u/]kl5 l6d ;xh ljhotkm{ nDs]sf] lyof] .

g]kfnL v]nf8Lsf] pTs[i6 If]q/If0fn] clGtd cf]e/;Dd k|lt:kwf{ /f]df~rs ag]sf] lyof] . clGtd cf]e/sf] klxnf] andf sKtfg /fh'sf] andf /f]lag hf]G;nfO{ rf]6u|:t ljgf]b bf;sf] :yfgdf cfPsf kf/; n'lgofn] ;dft]kl5 Pd;L;L ;+s6df k/]sf] lyof] . To;kl5sf] rf/ andf /fh'n] Ps /gdfq vr]{ klg clGtd andf OGh]/Ln] ;'Gb/ se/–8«fOe ub}{ annfO{ ;Ldf/]vf;Dd k'¥ofP .

;g\ !((@ sf] ljZjskdf kfls:tfgsf] k|ltlglwTj u/]sf Osjfn l;sGb/n] Pd;L;Lsf nflu $$ /gsf] dxŒjk"0f{ of]ubfg u/] . l6dsf] Ps ;o @* /gsf] l:yltdf OsjfnnfO{ /fh' v8\sfsf] andf dgf]h s6'jfnn] ;dft] . To:t} Pd;L;Lsf tkm{af6 t];|F] ljs]6sf nflu rfN;{ kmjf8{ / /f]a cl:6gn] %$ /gsf] ;fem]bf/L lgefP .

o;cl3 Pd;L;Lsf 6d x\ofl/;g 3fts ;fljt ePkl5 g]kfnL l6d $=# cf]e/sf] v]n af"sL 5"b} ;d]l6Psf] lyof] . tLg /gsf] l:yltdf k|f/lDes Aof6\;Dofg d]xa'a cfnd x\ofl/;gsf] andf hf]G;åf/f ;dfltP . csf{ k|f/lDes Aof6\;Dofg k/]z nf]xgLn] #( /gsf] of]ubfg lbP . pgn] %@ andf ;ft rf}sf ;xof]un] pQm /g xfl;n u/] . g]kfnsf nflu clGtd ** /g kl5Nnf kf"r Aof6\;Dofgn] hf]8] .

lk|l;8]G6 P3f/

k/]z nf]xgL s= c6\lsG; af]= l;sGb/ #(

d]xa'a cfnd s= hf]G; af]= xf/ldG;g !

;GbLk >]i7 af]= xf/ldG;g )

bLk]Gb| rf}w/L PnaL8An" xf/ldG;g )

a/bfg rfln;] PnaL8An" xf/ldG;g %

/fh' v8\sf af]= hf]G; !*

ljgf]b bf; af]= OGu|] @(

dgf]h s6'jfn cljlht @$

/fh' a:g]t s= /Dg af]= xf/ldG;g @!

;~hd /]UdL af]= a|f]g %

/fhs'df/ k|wfg PnaL8An" a/bfg #

cltl/Qm M -n]uafO{ !), jFO8 (, gf]an #_ @@

s'n M -$)=# cf]e/df ;a} ljs]6 u'dfP/_ !^&

ljs]6 ktg M !–#, @–!$, #–!$, $–##, %–&(, ^–*#, &–!@$, *–@%!, (–!^@, !)–!^&

alnª M OGu|] &–@–!%–!, x\ofl/;g (–)–#*–%, a|fpg *=#–)–$@–@, l;sGb/ (–!–#$–!, hf]G; &–)–@*–!

Pd;L;L

6d x\ofl/;g s= ;GbLk af]= d]xa'a ^

kpn c6\lsG; s= dgf]h af]= /fhs'df/ #

rfN;{ kmjf{8 s= /fh' af]= /fhs'df/ #&

/f]a cl:6g s= /fh' af]= /fhs'df/ *

OSjfn l;sGb/ s= dgf]h af]= /fh' $$

l:6e qmf]nL af]= a/bfg !

8]lj8 a|fpg /gcfp6 ;~hd !)

/f]lag hf]G; s= kf/; -cltl/Qm_ af]= /fh' !)

a]g OGu|] cljlht &

x'uf] g/dg cljlht !

cltl/Qm M -afO{ @, jfO8 &, gf]an &_ !^

s'n M -$% cf]e/df gf} ljs]6 u'dfP/_ !&)

ljs]6 ktg M !–&, @–!*, #–^@, $–&(, %–!)^, ^–!@*, &–!$%, *–!%!, (–!^%

alnª M d]xa'a (–@–#)–!, /fh' (–#–!&–#, ljgf]b %–!–@$–), ;~hd $–)–!&–), /fhs'df/ (–@–@*–#, /fh' a:g]t ^–)–@$–), a/bfg #–)–@!–!

lslu{:tfglj?4 cfh g]kfnn] cfqmfds z}nL ckgfpg]

sf7df8f}+, % r}t -sf;_– g]kfnn] Pl;ofnLsk 5gf]6 km'6ansf] clGtd v]n laxLaf/ lslu{:tfg;"u v]Nb} 5 .

klxnf] v]ndf cfOtaf/ ckmuflg:tfgaf6 k/flht ePsf] lslu{:tfg;fd' eg] g]kfnlj?4 :ki6 tLg uf]nsf] ljho xfl;n ug'{kg]{ r'gf}tL 5 . bf];|F] r/0fsf] k|j]zsf nflu g]kfnn] tLg uf]nsf] sd cGt/df lslu{:tfgnfO{ /f]Sg'kg]{ 5 . ljho cleofgnfO{ hf/L /fVg g]kfnL l6dn] cfqmds v]n k|:t't ug]{5 .

g]kfnL l6d /IffTds /0fgLlt glnO{ cfqmfds¿kdf d}bfgdf pqg] l6dsf k|lzIfs s[i0f yfkfn] atfpg'eof] . …xfdLx¿ bz{snfO{ k"0f{ dgf]/~hg lbgsf nflu eP klg ljho nIo lnP/ v]Ng] 5f}+,Ú k|lzIfs yfkfn] eGg'eof] .

d+unaf/ ckmuflg:tfgnfO{ $–) n] k/flht ub}{ g]kfn c+s tflnsfsf] zLif{ :yfgdf /x]sf] 5 . c+s tflnsfdf s'g} c+s g/x] klg lslu{:tfgn] bf];|f] r/0fdf k|j]zsf nflu cfzf df/]sf] 5}g . …ckmuflg:tfg;"u k/flht eP klg bf];|f] r/0f k|j]zsf nflu xfd|f] ;Defjgf 5,Ú lslu{:tfgsf k|lzIfs g]dfThg hfls/f]en] atfP .