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k|rlnt /fhgLlts Joj:yfdf cfd"n kl/jt{g Nofpg gof“ ;+ljwfgsf] lgdf{0f ubf{ ckgfOg]dWo] …;+ljwfg;efÚ klg Pp6f k|lqmof xf] . ljZje/df ag]sf k|hftflGqs ;+ljwfgx¿sf] lgdf{0f k|lqmofsf] cWoog ubf{ of t …;+ljwfg ;'emfj cfof]uÚ of …;+ljwfg;efÚ of j}wflgs ;Dd]ngåf/f ;+ljwfgsf] d:of}bf eO{ nfu" ePsf b]lvPsf 5g\ . ;+ljwfg;efdf hfg] k|ltlglwx¿ klg s'g} hgtfsf] k|ToIf lgjf{rgaf6 / s'g} ck|ToIf lgjf{rg -hgk|ltlglwx¿af6 lgjf{lrt_ af6 lgjf{lrt of dgf]gLt x'g] u/]sf pbfx/0f e]l6G5g\ . ;+ljwfg /fi6«sf] /fhgLlts ;Gt'ng cleJoQm ug]{ b:tfj]h dflgG5 . ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f eO{ nfu" ePkl5 rfx] Tof] ;+ljwfg;efaf6 ag]sf] xf];\ of cfof]uåf/f agfOPsf] xf];\ of j}wflgs ;Dd]ngn] agfPsf] lsg gxf];\, To;sf] ;fj{ef}d j}wtf / dfGotf ;dfg k|sf/s} x'G5 . ;+ljwfg b]zsf] d"n sfg'g x'G5 . ;+ljwfg;efn] agfPsf]nfO{ a9L dfGotf / cGo k|lqmofaf6 ag]sf] ;+ljwfgsf] dxŒj sd x'g] x'"b}g . ;+ljwfg s;n] s:tf] k|lqmofn] agfpg]eGbf klg ;+ljwfg s:tf] aGg'kg]{ xf] eGg]tkm{ Wofg lbg' pko'Qm x'G5 . ;+ljwfgsf] lgdf{0f To:tf] /fhgLlts zlQmn] ug]{ xf], h;n] /fi6« lgdf{0fdf of]ubfg k'¥ofO;s]sf] / ;dfhdf zflGtsf] dfWodaf6 hgtfsf] ljZjf; k|fKt ul/;s]sf] x'G5 . jt{dfg o'u zflGt / k|hftGqsf] xf] . hgcfsf+Iffsf] k|ltlglwTj eou|:t / cft+s l;lh{t cj:yfaf6 ;j{yf x'g ;Sb}g . ;+ljwfg;efåf/f ;+ljwfg aGb}df To:tf] ;+ljwfgdfq /fd|f] x'g] xf]Og . c;n ;+ljwfg ToxL x'G5, h'g ;+ljwfgn] To; b]zsf hgtfsf OR5f, cfsf+IffnfO{ k|ltljlDat ug{ ;Sb5 / /fli6«o cfjZostf kl/k"lt{ ug{ u/fpg afws aGb}g .

ljZjsf] Oltxf;n] atfO/x]sf] 5, lgjf{lrt ;+ljwfg;efaf6 ag]sf ;+ljwfgx¿ w]/} ;do;Dd l6sfp x'g ;s]gg\ . o; k|sf/sf] ljZjsf] ;+j}wflgs Oltxf; xfd|f;fd' 5g\ . ¿;df hf/sf] zf;g ;dfKt eO{ ;f]leot ;+3 aGg] ;Gbe{df ;g\ !(!& df Toxf“sf] /fhgLlts Joj:yfdf g} cfd"n kl/jt{g ePaf6 gof“ ;+ljwfgsf] lgdf{0f ug{ !(!& sf] gf]e]Da/df ;+ljwfg;efsf] lgjf{rg eof] . To;df d]G;]les kf6L{n] ax'dt Nofof] . n]lggsf] af]N;]les kf6L{ cNkdtdf k¥of] . hglgjf{lrt ;f] ;+ljwfg;efn] ;+ljwfgsf] d:of}bf tof/ kf/L % hgj/L !(!* df klxnf] a}7s a:bf ax'dtn] cfkm"n] eg] adf]lhdsf] ;+ljwfg cfpg'kb{5 eGof] . To;f] ubf{ ;f] ;+ljwfg n]lggsf] l;4fGt cg';f/sf] gx'g] ePaf6 cNkdtdf k/]sf] n]lggsf] kf6L{n] ax'dtsf] ljrf/nfO{ :jLsf/ u/]g . ax'dtn] j}wflgstfsf] k|Zg hf]8bf/ ¿kdf p7fof] . To;sf] ef]lnkN6} a;]sf] a}7sdf n]lggsf nfn;]gf a}7sdf cfP/ ;+ljwfg;efsf lgjf{lrt ;b:ox¿nfO{ ws]n]/ aflx/ lgsfn]/ km]l/ o:tf] a}7s ug{ gcfpg' eGg] wDSofP/ ax'dtnfO{ 8/qf;df kf/] . To;kl5 ;f] lgjf{lrt ;+ljwfg;ef vf/]h ul/of] . sDo'lg:6 kf6L{sf] s]Gb|Lo ;ldltn] ;+ljwfg d:of}bf ;ldlt u7g u¥of] . ToxL ;ldltn] tof/ kf/]sf] ;+ljwfgsf] d:of}bfnfO{ !) h'nfO{, !(!* df …cn /l;og sf+u|]; ckm ;f]leotÚ n] :jLs[t u/L Toxf“sf] ;+ljwfg !(@$ df aGof] . tTkZrft\ ;f]leot ¿;df !(@$, !(#^ / !((& df ag]sf ;a} ;+ljwfgx¿ ;ldlt of cfof]u h:t}af6 ag]sf x'g\, lgjf{lrt ;+ljwfg;efaf6 xf]Og .

k|mfG;df /fHoqmflGtkl5 !&*( df cGtl/d ;+ljwfg / !&(! df lnlvt ;+ljwfg tyf kl5 u0ftGqfTds ;+ljwfg aGof] . tL ;a} lgjf{lrt ;+ljwfg;efaf6 agfOPsf eP klg /fhgLlts ;Gt'ng gldn]sf sf/0fn] b]zdf Hofb} cl:y/tf a9\b} uof] . tL ;+ljwfgn] Toxf“ /fhgLlts l:y/tf Nofpg ;s]gg\ . To;kl5 qmdzM ag]sf t];|f], rf}yf] / kf“rf}+dWo] @* ;]K6]Da/ !(%* df ag]sf] kf“rf}+ u0ftGqfTds ;+ljwfg xfn k|rngdf /x]sf] 5 . kl5 ag]sf oL ;+ljwfgx¿ lgjf{lrt ;+ljwfg;efaf6 lgdf{0f ePsf xf]Ogg\ .

hd{gLdf ( gf]e]Da/, !(!* df /fhtGq pGd"ng ePkl5 klZrdL k|hftGqsf] 9f“rfsf] ;+ljwfg agfpg hgj/L !(!( df ;+ljwfg;efsf] lgjf{rg u/fO{ tL lgjf{lrt ;b:ox¿n] cu:t !(!( df gof“ ;+ljwfg hf/L u/] . of] ;+ljwfg cNk;do;Dd sfod /x\of] . sl/a !$ jif{sf] cjlwdf @! j6f ;/sf/ ag] . w]/}k6s ;+;b\ lj36g ul/of] . o;} ;+ljwfg cGtu{t lx6n/sf] pbo eof] . jfOd/ l/klAnsg ;+ljwfgsf gfdn] k|l;4 ;f] ;+ljwfg w]/} lbg l6Sg ;s]g . låtLo ljZjo'4kl5 hd{gL b'O{ efudf ljeflht eof] . klZrdL hd{gL kfln{od]G6/L sfplG;nn] !($( df d:of}bf u/L agfPsf] ;+3Lo hd{gLsf] u0ftGqfTds ;+ljwfg …a]l;s nÚ sf] !((% ;Dddf $# ;f}+k6s ;+zf]wg eP klg clxn];Dd sfod} 5 .

xfdLnfO{ ;fdfGotM yfxf ePcg';f/ aflnu dtflwsf/sf] cfwf/df hgtfåf/f k|ToIftM r'lgPsf k|ltlglwsf] ;+ljwfg;efåf/f agfOPsf] ;+ljwfg ljZjsf] s'g} b]zdf hLljt} /lx/x]sf] sxL+ st} xf]nfh:tf] nfUb}g . h] hlt ag] tL s'g} klg lr/:yfoL x'g ;s]gg\ . ;+ljwfg;ef g} rflxG5 eGg] xfd|f ;+ljwfgljb\, k|fWofks, /fhgLlts bnsf g]tf / ;r]t gful/s ;d]tsf ljåfg\x¿nfO{ hfgsf/L 5 eg] /fli6«o ax;sf] 5nkmndf cfpg' cfjZostf 5 . ;fwf/0ftM ;+ljwfgsf] d:of}bf ug{ u/fpg lhDd]jf/L lbOPsf] lgsfonfO{ ;+ljwfg;ef -slG:6ro'PG6 P;]DAnL_ eGg] k|rng /x]sf] 5 . k|ToIftM hgtfaf6 lgjf{lrt ePsfnfO{ dfq …;+ljwfg;efÚ elgg] geO{ b]zdf /fhgLlts Joj:yfsf] cfd"n kl/jt{g ePkl5 kl/jlt{t /fhgLlts Joj:yfnfO{ ;fsf/ ¿k lbg /fhgLlts hgzlQmsf] k|ltlglwTj ug]{sf k|ltlglwx¿ a;L Pscfk;df 5nkmn u/L ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f ePsf b]lvPsf 5g\ . cd]l/sfsf] ;+ljwfg cd]l/sg jf/ ckm Ogl8k]G8]G; cyjf cd]l/sL qmflGtsf] k|ltkmn:j¿k la|l6z ;fd|fHoaf6 cnu x'g rfxg] Go'of]s{ ;d]tsf !# /fHox¿sf k|ltlglwx¿ lkmnf8]lNkmofdf a;]sf] sGe]G;gn] !& ;]K6]Da/ !&!& df d:of}bf u/L dfr{ !&*( b]lv nfu" ePsf] xf] . clxn] Tof] sGe]G;gdf efu} glnPsf #( cd]l/sL /fHox¿n] To;} ;+ljwfgnfO{ dfg]/ ;a} cd]l/sL /fHox¿sf] ;+ljwfg aGg k'u]sf] 5 . cd]l/sfsf] of] ;+ljwfg k|hftflGqs b]zsf] cfbz{ ag]sf] 5 . o;nfO{ lr/:yfoL / ax't sd ;+zf]lwt ePsf] eg]/ ;a}n] dflgcfPsf klg 5g\ .

rLgdf sDo'lg:6 kf6L{n] !($( df ;Qf u|x0f u/]kl5 cGtl/d ;+ljwfgh:tf] ;fgf] b:tfj]h rfOlgh lkk'N; kf]lnl6sn sGkm/]G;sf] lg0f{on] agfof] . ;g\ !(%# df dfcf]T;]t'ªsf] cWoIftfdf ag]sf] ;ldltn] 5nkmn u/L d:of}bf u/]sf] ;+ljwfg !(%$ df sDo'lg:6 kf6L{n] kfl/t u/L hf/L ul/of] . To;kl5 !(&% / !(&*, !(*@ df ;d]t ;+ljwfgx¿ km]l/"b} cfPsf 5g\ . Toxf“ slxNo} klg lgjf{lrt ;+ljwfg;efaf6 ;+ljwfg ag]sf] 5}g .

ef/tsf] …;+ljwfgÚ ;+ljwfg;efaf6 agfOPsf] eP klg ;f] …;+ljwfg;efÚ aflnu dtflwsf/åf/f k|ToIf lgjf{lrt k|ltlglwx¿af6 ag]sf] xf]Og . ef/tn] :jtGqtf k|fKt ug'{eGbf cufj}sf] …Soflag]6 ld;g KnfgÚ cGtu{t ;+ljwfg;efsf nflu hDdf #*( sf] ;b:o ;+Vof to ul/of] . h;dWo] (# ef/tLo /fhfx¿af6 zfl;t k|b]zaf6 / af“sL @(@ la|l6z zfl;t k|b]zaf6 k|ltlglwTj x'g'kg]{ u/fOof] . To;df la|l6z zfl;t k|b]zaf6 &* l;6 d'l:nd, $ l;6 l;v hfltnfO{ cf/If0f / af“sL @!) hg/ndf /flvPsf] lyof] . oL b'j}tkm{sf] lgjf{rg k|fGtLo ljwfg;efaf6 ePsf] xf] . ck|ToIf lgjf{rgaf6 lgjf{lrt ;+ljwfg;efsf] klxnf] a}7s af]nfOPsf]df …d'l:nd lnuÚ n] klxnf] a}7s g} alxisf/ u¥of] . o; k|sf/ ef/tsf] ;ljwfg klg ;+ljwfg;efsf] k|ToIf lgjf{rgaf6 lgjf{lrt k|ltlglwx¿åf/f lgdf{0f ul/Psf] xf]Og .

ef/t ljeflht eP/ kfls:tfg ag]kl5 !($& df kfls:tfgdf klxn] …sfdrnfp cGtl/d ;+ljwfgÚ agfOof] . ;+ljwfg lgdf{0fsf] nflu cljeflht ef/tdf ;DkGg ck|ToIf lgjf{rgaf6 lgjf{lrt ;b:ox¿ g} ljefhgdf kfls:tfgsf] If]qdf kg{ cfpg] k|ltlglwx¿s} ;+ljwfg;ef aGof] . To;df df}nfgf cAb'n snfd cfhfb nufotsf d'l:nd ;b:ox¿ ef/tdf g} /x]af6 ltgLx¿sf] ;b:otf sfod /xg ;s]g . o;}df k'gu{7g u/L sfd rnfpg yflnof] . o;sf] klxnf] d:of}bf !(%), bf];|f] !(%@ / !(%# df k|:t't ul/of] . cGTodf !(%$ df ;+ljwfgsf] d:of}bf kfl/t u/L @% l8;]Da/ !(%$ df 3f]if0ff ug]{ elgPsf]df ;f] ;+ljwfg;ef g} lj36g u/]/ csf]{ gof“ ;+ljwfg;ef !(%% df u7g ul/of] . o; k|sf/ nuftf/ ( jif{sf] 5nkmn / lg0f{okl5 @# dfu{ !(%^ df dfq kfls:tfgsf] klxnf] ;+ljwfg cfof] . o;/L gf} jif{ nufP/ agfPsf] ;+ljwfg @ jif{ klg k"/f x'g gkfp"b} !(%* df g} hg/n co'j vf“n] vf/]h u/] . To;kl5 k6s–k6s ;+ljwfg km]l/"b} cfPsf klg lgjf{lrt ;+ljwfg;efaf6 ag]sf b]lv"b}gg\ .

kfls:tfg ljeflhtkl5 ag]sf] a+unfb]zsf] ;+ljwfg klg hglgjf{lrt ;+ljwfg;efaf6 lgdf{0f ePsf] xf]Og . ;+ljwfg d:of}bf ;ldlt k|f]lehgn slG:6Ro';gn cl8{g]G; cGtu{t u7g u/L tof/ ul/Psf] d:of}bfnfO{ cfwf/ dfgL !(&@ sflt{sdf Toxf“sf] ;+ljwfg ag]sf] xf] .

Sofgf8fsf] k|yd ;+ljwfg gy{ cd]l/sf PS6, !**& la|l6zsf] ;+;b\n] agfPsf] xf] . o;nfO{ Sofgf8]nLx¿n] ;+zf]wg ug{ klg kfp"b}gy] . o;sf w]/} ;+zf]wgx¿ eP . cflv/ !(*@ df Sofgf8fsf] ;+;b\n] :jLs[t u/L ag]sf] ;+ljwfgcg';f/ Sofgf8f xfn ;fj{ef}d / :jtGq 5 . o;n] /fli6«o cfjZostfcg';f/ cfkm\gf] ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f tyf ;+zf]wg ug{ ;S5 . oxf“ klg ;+ljwfg;efaf6 ;+ljwfg ag]sf] xf]Og .

ci6«]lnof, hfkfg, :jL6\h/NofG8, blIf0f clk|msf, :k]g / hfkfgsf ;ljwfg klg k|ToIftM hglgjf{lrt k|ltlglwx¿sf] ;+ljwfg;efåf/f agfOPsf xf]Ogg\ . ci6«]lnofsf] ;+ljwfg la|l6z ;+;b\n] / xfnsf] hfkfgsf] ;+ljwfg cd]l/sg hg/n Dofsfy{/sf] lgb]{zgdf d:of}bf tof/ kf/L Toxf“sf] ;+;b\n] kfl/t u/]sf] xf] . :jL6\h/NofG8sf !# s}G6gsf] ;Demf}tfaf6 !*!% / To;kl5 :jL; dxf;+3sf] nflu !(&$ df ag]sf] ;+ljwfg xfn k|rngdf 5 . To:t} blIf0f clk|msfsf] ;+ljwfg Toxf“sf sfnf / uf]/f hfltsf] jiff}{+b]lvsf] jftf{ / Toxf“sf] ;+;b\sf] nflu ;DkGg k|yd cfdlgjf{rgdf lgjf{lrt ;b:ox¿ dWo]af6 u7g ul/Psf] ;ldltaf6 d:of}bf tof/ kfg{ nufO{ ;+;b\n] cg'df]bg u/]/ ;g\ !((^ df ag]sf] xf] . :k]gsf] ;+ljwfg Toxf“sf] ;+;b\n] !(&# df agfPsf] xf] . xfd|f] b]zsf] jt{dfg ;+ljwfg, @)$& klg g]kfnL hgtfn] tLg k6ssf] cfdlgjf{rgdf ;xif{ :jLsf/L dtbfg u/]/ o; ;+ljwfgnfO{ dfGotf lbO{ tTsfn cj:yfsf] g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfg, @)!( wf/f @) -@_ cg';f/ g]kfnsf] ;fj{ef}d;Qf lglxt /lxaS;]sf >L % af6 g]kfn clw/fHosf] ;+ljwfg, @)$& k|f/De ePkl5 g]kfn clw/fHosf] /fhsLo ;Qf / ;fj{ef}d clwsf/ o;} ;+ljwfg adf]lhd k|of]u x'g]u/L g]kfnL hgtfnfO{ ;fj{ef}d ;Qf;DkGg u/fP/ hf/L ePsf] xf] . tL ;fj{ef}d ;Qf;DkGg g]kfnL hgtfn] o;} ;+ljwfgnfO{ :jLsfl/;s]sf 5g\ .

o; k|sf/ k|hftflGqs Pj+ hgjfbL b]zsf ;+ljwfgx¿ klg k|ToIf hglgjf{lrt ;+ljwfg;efaf6 ag]sf b]lv"b}gg\ . k|ToIf lgjf{lrt ;+ljwfgx¿af6 lgdf{0f ePsf h] hlt lyP, tL ;a} vf/]h x'g k'u] . ;+ljwfg;efn] lgdf{0f u/]sf] ;+ljwfg cflwsfl/s tyf k|hftflGqs x'g] cfof]u jf ;ldlt jf sGe]G;gn] agfPsf] k|hftflGqs tyf cflwsfl/s gx'g] eGg] ts{ o'lQm;+ut b]lv"b}g . ;+ljwfg /fhgLlts b:tfj]h x'G5 . /fhgLlts zlQmx¿sf] ;Gt'ng ldnfpg cf–cfkm\gf b]zsf /fhgLlts zlQm cfk;df a;]/ 5nkmn u/]/ ;+ljwfgsf] lgdf{0f x'g ;S5 . ;+ljwfg;ef klg ;+ljwfg agfpg] Ps k|sf/sf] k|lqmof;Dd xf] .

clxn] ;+ljwfg;efsf] dfu dfcf]jfbL kIfaf6 hf]8bf/ ¿kdf cfO/x]sf] 5 . ax'bnLo k|hftGqdf s'g} lj/f]w pgLx¿sf] b]lv"b}g, clkt' o;nfO{ ;xif{ dfGb5f}+ eg]sf] cvaf/x¿df k9\g kfOPsf] 5 . g]kfnsf] /fli6«otf / g]kfnL hgtfsf Pstfsf k|tLs /fhfsf k|ltlglw;“u jftf{ ub}{5g\ . To; jftf{df u0ftGqsf ljifodf cjZo g} 5nkmn x'g]5}g xf]nf . g]kfnsf] e"–/fhgLlts cj:yf, wfld{s, ;f+:s[lts / ;fdflhs k/Dk/f / g]kfnsf] PsLs/0fdf /fh;+:yfs} clåtLo g]t[Tj / xfd|f k'vf{n] k|f0fsf] afhL nufO{ u/]sf] cys\ k|of;af6 lgdf{0f ePsf] of] ;femf km"naf/L g]kfnnfO{ ;w}+ ;+/IfsTj lb"b} cfPsf] /fh;+:yfsf] 7fp"df u0ftGq Nofpg] eg]/ ul/g] sNkgf lbjf:jKgdfq xf] . b]zeQm g]kfnLx¿n] cfkm\gf] Kof/f] dft[e"ldnfO{ ckmuflg:tfg / sDaf]l8of aGg agfpg x/xfntdf lbg] 5}gg\ . of] Ps oyfy{ xf] . To;}n] b]zsf] :jfwLgtf, cIf'00ftf / :jtGqtf hf]ufpg tyf ;d[4 g]kfn agfpg g]kfnL hgtf / /fh;+:yf b'j}sf] ;+o'Qm k|of;sf] cfjZostf 5 . oxf“ u0ftGq x'g} ;Sb}g . lg/+s'z /fhtGq rNg} ;Sb}g . ;+j}wflgs /fhtGq of] b]zsf] ckl/xfo{ cfjZostf xf] . o; k|sf/ o; b]zdf ax'bnLo k|hftGq / ;+j}wflgs /fhtGq xfd|f] b]zdf d"ne"t :j¿kdf /lx/xg] xf] eg] /fhgLlts Joj:yf t k'/fg} /lx/xg] eof] . dfcf]jfbLn] eg]h:tf] hgu0ftGqfTds Joj:yfsf] :yfkgf t jftf{af6 ;Dej cjZo x'g] ePg eg] s]sf] nflu ;+ljwfg;ef rflxPsf] xf] < ;fljssf] /fhgLlts Joj:yfdf cfd"n kl/jt{g gx'g] cj:yfdf gof“ ;+ljwfgsf] lgdf{0f lsg ug'{k/]sf] xf] < ;+;f/sf] s'g d'n'sdf /fhgLlts Joj:yf kl/jt{g geO{ ;+ljwfg;efåf/f ;+ljwfg ag]sf 5g\ < s'g} Pp6f;Dd eP klg pbfx/0f ;+ljwfg;ef rflxG5 eGg]x¿n] b]vfpg ;Sg'k¥of] . gqeg] …sxL+ gePsf] hfqf xf“8Lufp"dfÚ eGg] pvfg lsg rl/tfy{ ug]{ xf] < s]xL a'em\g ;lsPsf] 5}g . jt{dfg ;+ljwfgdf dfcf]jfbLnfO{ lrQ ga'em\g] s]xL 5 eg] k|ltlglw;efsf] lgjf{rg ug{ u/fpg ;a} ldnL zflGt sfod u/f}+ . dfcf]jfbLn] klg lgjf{rgdf efu lnP/ k|ltlglw;efdf ax'dt NofO{ oxL ;+ljwfgs} wf/f !!^ sf] l/t k'¥ofP/ ;+zf]wg u/] k'Ug] ljifodf ;+ljwfg;ef lsg / s]sf nflu rflxPsf] xf] < ;+j}wflgs /fhtGq / ax'bnLo k|hftGqdf ljZjf; /fVg] g]kfnsf cTolws clwsf+z hgtfn] hjfkm vf]h]sf 5g\ .

cGTodf :jo+ dfcf]jfbLx¿n] klg @)$^ ;fnsf] hgcfGbf]ngaf6 k|fKt /fhgLlts clwsf/sf] pknlAwnfO{ ;Lldt pknlAw t xf] eGb} :jLsf/ ub}{ cfPsf 5g\ . Tof] @)$^ ;fnsf] pknlAw eg]sf] g} g]kfn clw/fHosf] ;+ljwfg, @)$& xf] . o;nfO{ :juL{o u0f]zdfg l;+xn] hgtfsf] clwsf/sf] …nfnk'hf{Ú xf] eg]/ t'ngf ug'{x'GYof] . dfcf]jfbLx¿ o;} pknlAwnfO{ vf/]h u/]/ csf]{ gof“ ;+ljwfg agfpg] eGb5g\ . hgtfnfO{ k|fKt eO;s]sf pknlAwnfO{ klxn] ;dfKt kf/L kmfNg] clg clwsf/ vf]Hg lgjf{lrt ;+ljwfg;efdf hfg], To;sf] kl/0ffd cu|ufdL x'G5 eg]/ 7f]s'jf ug{ vf]Hg] of] s]sf cfwf/n] xf], pgLx¿;“u ePsf cj}w xftxltof/n] xf] of :jR5 lgikIf hgdtsf] cfwf/ xf] < s]xL klg a'em\g ;lsPsf] 5}g . xfd|f] b]z oxL xf] hgtf log} x'g\ . h;n] @)#^ ;fndf hgdt ;+u|x x'"bf xfdLnfO{ ax'bnLo k|hftGq rflx"b}g, lgb{n eP k'U5 eg]/ ax';+Vosn] dtbfg u/] . s] dfcf]jfbLn] eg]h:tf] ;f]r]h:tf] cu|ufdL kl/0ffd cfp"nf / < o;tkm{ dfcf]jfbLsf] Wofg hfg' h?/L 5 . dfcf]jfbL afx]ssf ;+j}wflgs /fhtGq / ax'bnLo k|hftGqjfbLn] clxn] ;lqmo /fhtGqjfbL / dfcf]jfbLsf] :j/ ;+ljwfg;efsf] af/]df Pp6} 5, of] lsg ePsf] xf]nf uDeL/ eP/ ;f]Rof] eg] s]sf] nflu ;+ljwfg;ef rflxPsf] xf] < lsg b'j}sf] Ps} :j/ eof] < b]zeQm g]kfnLn], k|hftGqdf cf:yf /fVg] g]kfnLn] ;f]Rg] cj:yf cfPsf] 5 . t;y{ ;+ljwfg;efsf] dfu lsg eO/x]sf] 5, o; ljifodf ulxl/P/ ;f]rf}+ . ;+j}wflgs /fhtGq / ax'bnLo k|hftGqnfO{ ;'b[9 kf/f}+ . o;}df g]kfnL hgtf / g]kfnL /fhtGqsf] klg sNof0f 5 .

jftf{ bL3{sfnLg ;dfwfgsf nflu ls cNksfnLg <

eQmaxfb'/ /f]sfof

…xfd|f] clGtd nIo ;dfhjfb xf] . ;+;bLo lgjf{rg k|of]u ;Lldt ;dosf] nfludfq xf] . cyf{t\ lgjf{rg pkof]u qmflGtsf] jftfj/0f tof/ geP;Ddsf nflu xf] .Ú oL egfO dfcf]jfbL nufot xfd|f] b]zdf /x]sf ;a} sDo'lg:6 kf6L{x¿sf] xf] .

…qmflGt aGb'ssf] gfnaf6 lglSnG5 . cfd"n kl/jt{g qmflGtaf6 dfq ;Dej 5 .Ú oL egfO sfd/]8 dfcf]T;]t'ªsf x'g\ .

;g\ !($( kl5sf] rLg / pQ/ sf]l/ofsf] kl/jt{gkl5 ljZjdf ;dfhjfbsf] nx/ cfpg yfNof] . To;sf] k|efj lj=;+= @))!÷@))@ ;fnb]lv hlGdPsf g]kfnsf sDo'lg:6 kf6L{x¿df k/]sf] b]lvG5 . Tolt a]nf g]tfx¿ ef/tsf] e"lddf lgjf{;gdf /x] tfklg ;Dk"0f{ ultljlw e"ldut z}nLaf6 b]zleq tLj|¿kdf ljsf; eO/x]sf] lyof] .

g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{ e"ldut cj:yfd} ljefhg ePsf] lyof] . o;sf] sf/0f g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{leq b/af/sf] 3';k}7 g} d'Vo sf/0f /x]sf] lyof] . g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{sf dxf;lrj 8fS6/ s]z/h+u /fodfemL o;cl3 /fh;ef :yfoL ;ldltsf ;efklt g} ePsf] k|i6 5 .

g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{df @)@) ;fnb]lv 6'6\g], km'6\g] qmd hf/L /x\of] / oL 6'6]km'6]sf kf6L{n] h;sf] h'g If]qdf k|efj /x]sf] lyof], p;} If]qdf ;+u7g ljsf; ug'{sf ;fy} Pscsf{af6 cfkm\gf sfo{stf{ ;'/lIft /fVg ljkIfL jfd 36snfO{ ;+zf]wgjfbL, /fhfjfbL, pu|jfbL, u'Ktr/h:tf cf/f]k–k|Tof/f]k nufpg] u/]sf lyP . v'nf ultljlw ug{ g;Sg] Tof] cj:yfdf kf6L{leq ;a} sfdx¿ pkgfdaf6 x'g] / e]nf, a}7s, ;Dd]ng cflbdf g]t[Tj ju{sf] dfq} e]63f6 x'g] ePsfn] Pscsf{aLr kl/ro x'g ufx|f] lyof] .

ef/tsf] gS;nfO6sf] k|efjsf sf/0f e"ldutsfndf g} g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{ dfn]sf] hGd eof] . emfkf lhNnfdf ljz]if k|efj /x]sf] dfn]n] ju{ ;kmfOsf] cfGbf]ngnfO{ cl3 a9fof] . wd{k|;fb 9sfn nufot s]xL hldgbf/x¿sf] xTof u/]kl5 ;/sf/n] dfn]sf g]tf–sfo{stf{ kqmfp ug]{ cleofgnfO{ tLj| kf¥of] . To;kl5 dfn]sf g]tf tyf sfo{stf{x¿ k"0f{¿kn] e"ldut eP . ;LkL d}gfnL nufotsf g]tfx¿ gSv' h]n tf]8]/ efu]kl5 dfn]sf] ;+u7g lj:tf/df cem tLj|tf cfof] . To; a]nf ;a}eGbf qmflGtsf/L dfn] g} b]lvPsf] / c¿ jfd kf6L{x¿ ljeflht x'"b} uPsfn] sfo{stf{x¿ dfn]k|lt cfslif{t ePsfn] of] kf6L{sf] ;+u7g ljsf; tLj|ultn] x'g yfNof] . ptf rf}yf] dxflwj]zgaf6 leGg ePsf] df]xgljqmd ;d"xn] g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{ -rf}yf] dxflwj]zg_ gfds/0f u/L ;+u7g lj:tf/df nfUof] eg] csf]{ k'iknfnsf] g]t[Tjdf /x]sf] ;d"xaf6 sfd/]8 /f]lxt km'6]/ dhb'/ ls;fg ;+u7gsf] gfdaf6 kf6L{ ;~rfng u/] . To;kl5 df]xgljqmd ;d"xaf6 klg lgd{n nfdf km'6]/ uP . o;/L cGo jfd kf6L{x¿ km'6\g] qmd tLj| x'g' / dfn] qmflGtsf/L b]lvPsfn] of] ;d"xnfO{ ;+u7g lj:tf/ ug{ ;lhnf] eof] / kf6L{ klg lj:tf/ eof] .

lj=;+= @)$^ ;fnsf] hgcfGbf]ngdf g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{x¿ vf; u/]/ b'O{ efudf ljeflht eP . k'iknfnn] g]t[Tj u/]sf] dfS;{jfbL, dfn], dhb'/ ls;fg ;+u7g cflb g]kfnL sf+u|];;“usf] ;+o'Qm cfGbf]ngdf ;fd]n eP eg] df]xgljqmd, lgd{n nfdf cflbn] g]t[Tj u/]sf kf6L{x¿n] 5'§} cfGbf]ng ug]{ 3f]if0ff u/] . t/ pgLx¿sf] cfGbf]ngdf ;xefuL k|efjsfl/tf b]lvPg . Tof]eGbf klxn] @)#^ ;fnsf] hgdt ;+u|xdf g]skf -dfS;{jfbL_ nufot s]xL jfd 36sx¿ hgdt ;+u|xsf kIfdf lyP eg] rf}yf] dxflwj]zg, dfn] nufotsf s]xL jfd 36sx¿ k|rf/ cjlwe/ ax'bnsf] ljkIfdf /x] . cGTodf ;dy{g u/] tfklg o;n] lgb{njfbLx¿nfO{ g} ;xof]u k'Ug uPsf] lyof] .

lj=;+= @)$^ ;fnsf] ;kmn hgcfGbf]ngaf6 k|hftGq k|flKt ePkl5 ;+;b\ pkof]usf] axfgfdf df]xgljqmd l;+xn] g]t[Tj u/]sf] kf6L{afx]s cGo ;a}n] @)$( ;fnsf] ;+;bLo lgjf{rgdf efu lnP . To;kl5 @)%! sf] dWofjlw x'g'cufj} lgd{n nfdf / 8f= afa'/fd e§/fO{ PsLs[t kf6L{ ;+o'Qm hgdf]rf{ km'6]/ cnu ePkl5 r'gfj lrGx xl;of–xyf}8fsf nflu cbfnt k'u]sf] k|i6 g} 5 . @)%! sf] dWofjlw ;+;bLo lgjf{rgdf afa'/fd ;d"xn] alxisf/ u/] eg] df]xgljqmdn] efu lnPsf lyP .

g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ kf6L{sf] gfdn] afa'/fd / k|r08n] e"ldut ¿kaf6 pgLx¿s} zAbdf hgcfGbf]ng cl3 a9fpg] qmddf s]xL k|x/L rf}sLx¿af6 xftxltof/ k|fKt ug'{ / JolQmxTofsf] k|rf/n] ;Dk"0f{ g]kfnLx¿df qf;k"0f{ jftfj/0f km}lng', rGbf ;+sng ug{df ;kmn x'g'sf ;fy} a]/f]huf/, hghflt, blnt o'jfo'jtLx¿nfO{ dfcf]jfbLtkm{ cfsif{0f a9fp"b} uof] / s]xL k|x/L rf}sLx¿ Wj:t kf/]kl5 lhNnfleqsf ;a} ;'/Iff lgsfox¿ lhNnf ;b/d'sfddf PsLs[t u/]kl5 ufp"x¿df dfcf]jfbLs} rnv]n a9\b} uof] . o;n] ubf{ ;+u7g lj:tf/nfO{ emg} ;lhnf] kfl/lbof] . @$ ;} 3G6f ufp"n]x¿sf] bfof“afof“ dfcf]jfbL 3'ld/xg] ePkl5 cfd hgtfnfO{ dfcf]jfbLs} zf;g rn]sf] ;f]rfO x'g yfNof] .

cl3Nnf] jftf{ ljkmnkl5 bfª, c5fd x'"b} c3f{vf“rLsf] cfqmd0fdf ;kmntf kfPsf dfcf]jfbLsf] ;+u7g lj:tf/df tLj|tf cfp"bf pgLx¿sf] xf};nf cem} a9\b} uof] . ;+s6sfn 3f]if0ffkl5 k|ToIf ¿kdf ;]gf kl/rfng x'g'sf ;fy} gfO6lehg cfw'lgs xltof/ b]zleq lelqg yfNg'sf ;fy} /f]Nkf, h'Dnf nufotsf s]xL cfqmd0fdf dfcf]jfbLsf] 7"nf] Iflt x'g', ef/t ;/sf/n] ;LdfIf]q k|j]zdf s8fO agfpg', ufp"–ufp"af6 hgtf dfcf]jfbLsf] 8/n] ef/t nufot t];|f] d'n'slt/ knfog x'g' / s]xL hgtf ;b/d'sfddf lj:yflkt x'g' cflb sf/0fn] ubf{ klg dfcf]jfbLx¿n] jftf{sf] af6f] /f]Hg'k/]sf] xf] .

csf{lt/ bfª, c5fd, ;lGwvs{sf] 36gf;Dd dfcf]jfbLn] gof“–gof“ /0fgLltsf] k|of]u u/]/ ;/sf/L ;'/IffsdL{nfO{ xtf]T;fxL kfg{ ;kmn /x]sf lyP . t/ h'Dnf 36gf x'g'eGbf cufl8b]lv g} zfxL;]gfn] dfcf]jfbL cfqmd0fsf ;Dk"0f{ z}nLx¿b]lv ;fjwfg alg;s]sf lyP . To;}n] h'Dnf 36gfdf dfcf]jfbLn] ;kmntf kfpg ;s]gg\ . To;}df klg ;/sf/L ;'/Iffan kof{Kt gePsfn] rf/}lt/ gfsf 3]g{ ;s]gg\ . olb rf/}lt/sf gfsfx¿df ;}lgs k'u]sf] eP af“sL 5fkfdf/ klg plDsg ;Sg] cj:yf lyPg .

dfcf]jfbLn] ljut ;ft jif{b]lv ub}{ cfPsf] cfGbf]ngsf] ult cf]/fnf] em/]sf] / k|hftGqdf ljZjf; /fVg] ;/sf/ b]zdf g/x]sfn] b'O{ tfgfzfxL k|j[lQ aLrsf] uf]Ko e]63f6 x'g] ;xh kl/l:ylt l;h{gf ePsf] b]lvG5 .

xfn dfcf]jfbL / b/af/aLr uf]Ko jftf{, ;Demf}tf gePsf] hlt bfaL u/] tfklg o'4lj/fdsf] b'O{–tLg dlxgf cufl8b]lv k|z:t u[xsfo{ ePsf 5g\ . pbfx/0f:j¿k /fhfn] zlQm cfkm\gf] xftdf lnO;s]kl5 nf]s]Gb|axfb'/ rGbnfO{ k|wfgdGqL agfpg'cl3 tLg lbg uf]/vf b/af/df /fh x'g' / z]/axfb'/ b]pjfsf] ;/sf/n] b'O{j6f a'n]6k|'km x]lnsf]K6/ vl/b ug]{ clGtd tof/Ldf k'u]sf] k|:tfjnfO{ of] ;/sf/n] vf/]h ug'{ g} jftf{sf] leqL tof/L eO/x]sf] yk k|df0f dfGg ;lsG5 .

k|hftGqdf cf:yf /fVg] ;Dk"0f{ /fhgLlts kf6L{x¿nfO{ a]jf:tf ug'{sf] cy{ s] x'G5 < @)%( ;fn c;f]h !* ut]b]lvsf] /fhgLlts 36gfqmdnfO{ ljZn]if0f ub}{ hf“bf /fhf / dfcf]jfbLx¿aLr w]/} 5nkmn / ;Demf}tf x'g uPsf] x'g'k5{ . dfcf]jfbLx¿ PsfPs jftf{df cfpg' / ;+ljwfg;efsf] dfunfO{ g5f]8\g'sf] cy{ klg /x:ok"0f{ /x]sf] b]lvG5 .

xfd|f] clGtd nIo ;dfhjfb xf] eGg] dfcf]jfbLsf 5fkfdf/nfO{ ;/sf/n] s:tf] k|sf/sf] Joj:yf ldnfpg] xf] < of] ;fx|} hl6n sfo{ xf] . o;n] /fli6«o–cGt/f{li6«o If]qdf s:tf] k|sf/sf] k|efj kfg{ ;S5 < oL s'/f ;/sf/n] rfx]/ dfq ;Dej b]lv"b}g . oL ;a} Joj:yfkgsf nflu l5d]sL b]z ef/t, rLg / cd]l/sf, a]nfoth:tf dxfzlQm b]zx¿sf] klg ;Nnfx / ;'emfjsf] lgtfGt cfjZos 5 .

oL ljljw ;d:of xn eP/ dfcf]jfbLx¿ klg ;+;bLo lgjf{rgdf efu lng] qmddf hgtfx¿sf] dfemdf hf“bf cfhsf kLl8t hgtfaLrsf] ;DaGw s:tf] /xg] xf] < pgLx¿s} sf/0fn] lj:yflkt eP/ lhNnf, ufp" 5f8]/ bogLo hLjg lgjf{x ul//x]sf afa', bfh'efO, 5f]/f5f]/Lsf] cfkm\g} cufl8 lgd{d tl/sfn] xTof ul/Psf, 3/ Wj:t agfO{ hah{:tL ;'s'Daf;L agfOPsf :yfgLo afl;Gbf / dfcf]jfbLaLr s:tf] åGå pTkGg x'G5 xf]nf < of] dTy/ kfg]{ pkfosf] vf]hL s;/L ug]{ < o;df nfdf] / efjgfTds cGt/lqmof x'g' h?/L b]lvG5 .

o;tkm{ a]n}df ;f]lrPg eg] lxhf] dfcf]jfbLx¿n] h;/L Hofgsf] dfof df/]/ ;+3if{df pq]sf lyP, To;/L g} ef]ln dfcf]jfbLaf6 kLl8t hgtfx¿ / /fhfaf6 ckx]lnt /fhgLlts kf6L{x¿ klg dfcf]jfbLn] g} l;sfPsf] af6f] k|of]u ub}{ lx"8\g g;Snfg\ eGg] s'g cfwf/ xfdL;“u 5 <

cfhsf] d"n ;d:of jftf{åf/f ;dfwfg x'g'k5{ . o;df b'O{dt 5}g . cGoyf s;}sf] Ifl0fs :jfy{sf nflu jftf{ cNksfnLg x'G5 eg] b]zn] cfheGbf emg\ 7"nf] Iflt a]xf]g'{kg]{ x'G5 . To;sf nflu b]zdf ljBdfg ;fgf–7"nf ;a} /fhgLlts kf6L{, l5d]sL /fi6«x¿, bft[/fi6«x¿ nufot dxfzlQm /fi6«x¿ ;d]tsf] ;Nnfx, ;'emfj / k/fdz{ lnP/ ;d:ofsf] bL3{sfnLg ;dfwfg ul/g' g} hgtf / /fi6«sf nflu nfebfos x'g]5 .

-/f]sfof k"j{ /fHodGqL x'g'x'G5 ._

g]kfnsf 8fS6/x¿sf] vf+8f] hufOof]

cgGtofqL >Lw/ vgfn

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gf/bn] xft hf]8]/ ljGtL u/], …g]kfn k'0oe"lddf 3'Dbf3'Db} kz'kltgfysf] bz{g ug{ hf“bf pdfs'08lt/ k'Ugf;fy d]/f] xif{sf] ;Ldf /x]g k|ef] † Toxf“ o'/f] hd{g lSnlgs eGg] pkrf/u[x /x]5, h;df Pp6} 8fS6/n] ;d:t /f]usf] pkrf/ ;kmntfk"j{s ug{ ;Sbf]/x]5 . t/ vf/]v'/] /f]usf] pkrf/ Toxf“ ul/"bf] /x]g5 . c¿ s'g} 8fS6/, slj/fh cyjf wfdLemf“qmLnfO{ gb]vfOsg ;j{k|yd Toxf“sf] pkrf/ ug{ klg gkfOg] /x]5 . d}n] Toxf“ e]§fPsf] /ftf] krf{sf] yfKnfdf g} …ljleGg lsl;dsf] pkrf/af6 yfs]sf s[kof ufx|f] /f]uLx¿ dfq kfNg'xf]nfÚ eg]/ 5flkPsf] 5, k|ef] . To;kl5 5flkPsf s'/f o:tf 5g\, …s] tkfO{+nfO{ yfxf 5 < xf]ldof]k}yL pkrf/n]===ck|];g gu/]/ klg ck|];g ug'{kg]{ /f]ux¿ lgsf] x'G5 . d'v afg'{ gkg]{ . cfo' nfdf] agfpg] . ;fO8 Okm]S6 gx'g] . /f]uLdf w}o{ / ljZjf; 5 / 8fS6/df of]Uotf 5 eg] l9nf]rf“8f] ;a} /f]u cjZo lgsf] x'G5 . dlxnfsf] ue{df /x]sf] pN6f] aRrf cf}iflwdfq vfP/ ;f]emf] eP/ hlGdg ;S5 . l66fg;df OGh]S;g lng' kb}{g . ef“lRrPsf] xf8 w]/} rf“8f] hf]8\g ;S5 . w]/} ufx|f] /f]uLx¿nfO{ xf]ldof]k}yL cf}iflwsf ;fy} /]sL / j}lbs pmhf{ pkrf/ klg ug'{kg]{ x'g ;S5 .Ú

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clg gf/bn] ljGtL r9fP, …Pp6} 8fS6/n] ;a} /f]u wkfpg] ljifodf klg ;f] ;+:yfsf] krf{df o:tf] elgPsf] 5, k|ef]– …crDd xf]Og ;To xf] ls===Pp6} 8fS6/n] ljleGg /f]uLsf ljleGg /f]ux¿ lgsf] kfg{ ;S5 . c¿ k4ltdf /f]usf] gfdcg';f/ pkrf/ ul/g] x'gfn] /f]u cg';f/sf] 5'§f5'§} ljz]if1 8fS6/ rflxG5 . t/ xf]ldof]k}yLdf /f]u xf]Og ls /f]usf] sf/0f kQf nufP/ pkrf/ ug'{kg]{ x'gfn] Pp6} 8fS6/n] h:tf];'s} ufx|f] /f]u lgsf] kfg{ ;S5 . j}lbs pmhf{n] leq n's]sf] :j:ys/ zlQmnfO{ hufP/ :j:y agfp"5 eg] /]ls pmhf{n] a|x\df08af6 :j:ys/ zlQmnfO{ xfdLleq k|j]z u/fP/ :j:y agfp"5 . o;/L k|ef], o'/f] lSnlgssf] Pp6} xf]ldof]k}lys 8fS6/n] j}lbs tyf /]ls pkrf/;d]t u/]/ h:tf];'s} /f]uLx¿nfO{ klg h:tf;'s} /f]uaf6 arfpg] ePkl5 b]zsf clDasf 1jfnL nufot ;d:t xf]ldof] 8fS6/x¿sf] k};f g} Wj:t x'g] eof] . ls / pgLx¿n] klg j}lbs / /]ls pmhf{ k|0ffnL l;Sg o'/f] hd{g lSnlgs wfpg'k¥of] . xf]Og eg] pgLx¿ b]z} 5f8]/ hLljsf rnfpg ljb]lzg'k¥of] . pgLx¿ dfq lsg k|ef] < ePe/sf slj/fh / Pnf]Kofyx¿ klg ljb]lzg'k¥of] . o;af6 g]kfnnfO{, g]kfnL /f]uLx¿nfO{ / ;a} 8fS6/x¿nfO{ nfe x'G5 ls xflg eujfg\ < d}n] t s]xL a'em\g ;lsg .Ú

gf/b cGof]ndf k/]sf] b]v]/ lji0f' eujfg\ lvTsf 5f8]/ xf“:g'eof] . clg uDeL/ ag]/ pxf“n] eGg'eof], …o;af6 a]kmfObf s;}nfO{ 5}g gf/b . o;n] t g]kfnsf ;d:t 8fS6/, slj/fhx¿sf] vf“8f] hufOlbPsf] 5 . pgLx¿ b]z 5f8]/ cGoq hfg'kg]{ l:ylt d b]lVbg . a¿ clxn];Dd ljb]zdf k};f a9L sdfpg kfOG5 eg]/ knfog ul//fv]sf s'zn 8fS6/x¿;d]t :jb]z kms{g] ;Defjgf a9]sf] 5 . Tof] s;/L t eg], ;'g . ;j{k|yd t of] o'/f] hd{g lSnlgs km6fxf /x]5 eg] Psk6s o;df cf]vtL u/fpg uPsf] la/fdL csf]{k6s hf“b}hf“b}g . s]xL lbgkl5 o;sf] kf]n v'N5 / of] aGb eOxfN5 . xf]Og / o;df ;f“Rr} j}lbs tyf /]ls pmhf{ klg hfg]sf xf]ldof] 8fS6/x¿ /x]5g\ eg] klg ltgn] c¿ 8fS6/ j}Bx¿sf] sdfO vf]:g ;Sb}gg\ . lsgeg] ljleGg lsl;dsf] pkrf/af6 yfs]sf /f]uLnfO{ dfq o;n] af]nfPsf] 5 . To;}n] o'/f] lSnlgssf] b}jL pkrf/ u/fpg /f]uLx¿n] klxn] c¿ xf]ldof]k}lys, Pnf]Koflys / cfo'j]{lbs 8fS6/x¿sf] cf]vtL vfP/ yfls;s]sf] x'g'k5{ . To;af6 lxhf];Dd lem+uf wkfP/ al;/x]sf cgf8L 8fS6/x¿n] klg ;of}+ la/fdL x]/]/ k|z:t k};f sdfpg ;S5g\ . pgLx¿ cfkm\gf] lkm; a9fpg;d]t ;dy{ x'G5g\ . To;}n] gf/b, ltdLn] NofPsf] ;dfrf/ ;To xf] eg] o'/f] hd{g lSnlgsn] ;a} g]kfnL 8fS6/ / pkrf/sx¿sf] vf“8f] hufOlbPsf] 5 . o;/L cfkm\g} b]zdf a;]/ klg ljb]zdf eGbf a9L wg sdfpg kfOg] ePkl5 dGqL kbaf6 /flhgfdf u/]/ 8fS6/ pk]Gb| b]jsf]6f klg km]l/ cfkm\g} k];fdf cxf]/fq nfUg a]/ 5}g . ltdL x]l//fv x} gf/b, x]l//fv .Ú

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cfhef]ln af]nLrfnLsf] efiffdf g]kfnL hgtfn] o; hgljb|F]xnfO{ …dfcf]jfbL ;d:ofÚ eGg] u/]sf 5g\ . ;Qf kIFn] dfcf]jfbL /fhgLlts bnsf] dftxtdf rln/x]sf] cfGbf]ngsf] ;dfwfgsf] zLif{s g} …dfcf]jfbL ;d:of ;dfwfgÚ eGb} cfPsf] x'gfn] klg o;f] elgPsf] xf] . o:tf] zAbfjnLdf ;Daf]wg ubf{ dfcf]jfbL sDo'lg:6 kf6L{ kf] d'n'ssf] ;d:of xf] ls eGg vf]h]h:tf] nfUb5 . t/, jt{dfg åGåsf] oyfy{ s] xf] eg] xfd|F] d'n'sdf clxn] rln/x]sf] /fHo ;+oGq, sfo{z}nL / ;f]r ljrf/;Dd klg /f0ffsfnb]lv g} Pp6f ljz]if ju{sf] dftxtdf ljleGg /fhgLlts ;+:yfsf] gfp"n] rNb} cfPsf] 5 . h;n] ;fdflhs cGofo / cfly{s ljifdtfnfO{ x6fpg] ;t\k|of; slxn] klg u/]g . g]kfnL /fhgLltsf] o; oyfy{nfO{ dfcf]jfbL sDo'lgi6 kf6L{sf] g]t[Tj ju{n] zf:qLo 9+un] cWoog u/L tbg'¿k hgtfnfO{ ;DemfP/ a'emfP/ cfGbf]ngsf] /fhgLlts:j¿k lgdf{0f u/]sf 5g\ . Tof] cfGbf]ngn] /fHo;Qf;“u n8\g;Sg] Pp6f alnbfgL ;]gf klg u7g u/]sf] 5 .

ljutdf ;Qf kl/jt{g ug{ ePsf /fhgLlts 36gf / To;sf] kl/0ffdn] cfd g]kfnL hgtfsf] ;fdflhs, cfly{s x}l;ot / xfnt /f0ffsfneGbf leGg x'g ;s]g . xfd|f] d'n'sdf ! ;o $ jif{;Dd /f0ff kl/jf/n] cfkm"nfO{ dflns / hgtfnfO{ ;]jssf] bhf{ lbP/ /fhsfh u/]sf lyP . To;kl5 /fhf / /fhgLlts bnsf] /fhsfh rNof] . Tof] /fhsfh klg /f0ffsfnLg ;f]rljrf/ / z}nLd} rNof] / rNb}5 . /f0ffsfndf efg'eQmn] ;Qfwf/LnfO{ sljtfsf] efsfdf r9fPsf] laGtLkqdf pNn]lvt– …ef]ln ef]ln eGb}df ;a 3/ laltuf], alS;of];\ cfh emf]nLÚ eGg] kL/dsf{ oyfjt\ 5"b}5 . Ps bzsklxn] @)$^ ;fndf ePsf] hgcfGbf]ngn] ;x/L hgtfsf] cfsf+IFfnfO{ lgs} hufOlbPsf] lyof] . hgtfsf] cfsf+IFF t k"/f ePg t/ g]kfnL sf+u|]; / Pdfn]sf g]tfx¿sf] pRr cfsf+IFf eg] k"/f ePsf] 5 . hgcfGbf]ngkl5 hgtfn] /fhsfh rnfpg k7fPsf dflg; /f0ffx¿n] g} bhf{ lbP/ /fv]sf sfhL, u'?, k'/f]lxt / latf{jfnsf ;Gtfg lyP . pgLx¿ cfkm\gf k'/fgf dflnsx¿ h'g af6f] lx+8]/ ;DkGg ePsf lyP, ToxL af6f] lx+8L ;DkGg eP . km/s s] 5 eg] /f0ffsf] ;jf/L kfNsLdf rNYof], bnsf g]tfx¿ / pgsf ;Gtfgsf] ;jf/L kh]/f]df rn]sf] 5 . clg csf{]tkm{ /f0ffx¿sf eGbf g]tfx¿sf ejg lgs} cfsif{s / cf/fdbfoL ag]sf 5g\ . clxn] klg ToxL ju{sf] /fhgLlts xflnd'xfnLdf b]z rnfpg] k|of; eO/x]sf] 5 . hgljb|f]xn] ubf{ /fhf / /fhgLlts bnsf g]tfx¿ aLr ePsf] ;Qf ;Demf}tfsf] v]n ef“l8Psf] 5 . ca oyfl:yltdf rln/x]sf] /fhsfhnfO{ cfd"n kl/jt{glt/ cu|;/ u/fpg] df}sf hgljb|f]xn] lbPsf] 5 . P]ltxfl;s r'gf}tLn] lbPsf] o; cj;/nfO{ u|x0f ug{ ;Sg' g} a'l4dfgL x'g]5 .

g]kfnL hgtfn] ef]Ub} cfPsf] nfdf] kL8f dfcf]jfbL ;d:ofsf] gfp"n] rNb} cfPsf] x'"bf To;sf] ;dfwfg klg hgtfsf] cfsf+IFFcg'¿k x'g'k5{ . ca dfcf]jfbL g]t[Tjk+lQmn] g]kfnL hgtfsf cGt/dgsf s'/f a'em]/dfq ;Qfwf/L;“u ;+jfb yFNg' /fd|F] xf]nf . hg;+3if{sf] lgdf{0f ubf{ ufp"n] hgtfsf] ba]sf] OR5f / cfsf+IFF hufpg dfcf]jfbL g]t[Tj ;kmn ePs} sf/0f jt{dfg /fhgLlts l:yltsf] lgdf{0f ePsf] xf] . ljutdf hgcfsf+IFFnfO{ /fhgLlts v]n / ;Qfsf] l;+9Ldfq 7fg]/ ul/Psf] /fhgLltsf] kl/0ffd xfdLn] ef]lu;s]sf 5f}+ . ca Tof] gxf];\ eGg] xfd|F] sfdgf 5 . dfcf]jfbL /fhgLltsf gfosx¿n] jftf{df a:g'k"j{ hgcfsf+IFfcg'¿ksf s'g s'g s'/fnfO{ jftf{df k|Fyldstf lbg] xf], To;af/] hgtf ;';"lrt x'g rflx/x]sf 5g\ . ;a} s'/f uf]nd]r ;Dd]ng, cGtl/d ;/sf/ / ;+ljwfg ;efn] ug{]5 eg]/ lbOg] hjfkm cfkm}+df ;lGbUw / sk6k"0f{ ePsf] eGg] cfz+sf hgtfn] ug{ yfn]sf 5g\ . To;}n] jftf{df a:g'eGbf klxn] v'n:t¿kdf hgtfsf] cGt/dg ljb|f]xL kIfn] af]Ng' g} k5{ . h;n] ubf{ cfhsf] cfw'lgs pkef]QmfjfbL ;dfhdf pn{+bf] cfsf+IFFsf] ;Ldf/]vf sf]l/g]5 . clxn] cfdhgtfsf] kx'"raflx/ x'"b} uPsf] å}w lzIFf ;DkGg ju{sf] kx'"rdf dfq ;Lldt ePsf] 5 . :jf:Yo ;]jfdf cfd"n kl/jt{gsf] rfxgf hgtfn] /fv]sf 5g\ . To;/L g} e|i6frf/sf] dftxtdf rn]sf] Gofo, k|zf;g h;nfO{ ;+;f/n] s'zf;g eg]sf] 5, To;df cfd"n kl/jt{g x'G5 ls x'"b}g < hgtfsf] cfsf+IFFdf s'7f/f3ft ub{} /fi6« / hgtfk|lt a]OdfgL ug{] sf+u|]; / Pdfn]sf e|i6 g]tfx¿ bl08t x'g'k5{ eGg] hgcfsf+IFF 5 . t/, dfcf]jfbLsf g]tfx¿ eg] pgLx¿nfO{ uf]nd]r ;Dd]ngdf /fv]/ rf]Vofpg rfx"b}5g\ eg]/ hgtfn] lj/f]w ul//x]sf 5g\ .

ljb|f]xL;“u åGå/t jt{dfg ;/sf/ h;nfO{ dfcf]jfbLn] k'/fgf] ;Qfsf dflns elg/x]sf 5g\, o; ;Qfsf] d'Vo gfos clxn] /fhf b]lvP klg k|hftGqsf] gfp"df a]OdfgL u/]/ tTsfn ;/sf/ aflx/ /x]sf /fhgLlts bnx¿ klg ;Qf kIF g} x'g\ . Pdfn] / sf+u|]; g]tfx¿sf] cfGtl/s rfxgf s] 5 eg] dfcf]jfbLnfO{ klg cfkm"h:t} a]Odfg agfpg] jf ag]sf] x]g{] . cfkm\gf] a]OdfgL n'sfpg pgLx¿n] csf{] a]OdfgL ug{'k5{ o; s'/fdf dfcf]jfbLx¿ k|:6 g} xf]nfg\ . a]Odfg xf] egL g;f]r]/ g]kfnL hgtfsf] cfGbf]ngsf] ¿kdf :jLsf/ ug{' h?/L 5 . åGåsf d'Vo gfosx¿n] o'4lj/fd u/]/ ;+jfbsf] yfngL ug{] h'g k|of; u/]sf 5g\ o;n] d'n'ssf] lxt x'"b}g egL ;'?d} z+sf ug{' / cg]s cy{ nufpg' /fhgLlts a]OdfgL xf] . dfcf]jfbL ;d:of hgtfsf] ;d:of xf] eg]/ ;Qf kIFsf] gfosn] :jLsf/ u/]/ g} jftf{ x'gnfu]sf] xf] egL cg'dfg ug{ ;lsG5 . o;}n] jftf{sf] ;kmntfsf nflu ;a} kIFn] ;xof]u ug{ lsg lxrlsrfpg] < k|hftGqdf ljZjf; ug]{x¿n] aGb'sn] :yflkt u/]sf] czflGtnfO{ zflGtdf kl/0ft u/]/ hg OR5f k"/f ug{ ;lsG5 eGg] s'/fdf ljZjf; ug{}k5{ . ;Dd]ng, ;ef, 5nkmn, r'gfj k|hftGqsf cfwf/lznf x'g\ To;df dfcf]jfbL ;xdt x'g] t/ cfkm"nfO{ k|hftGqsf] lxdfotL / hgtfsf g]tf 7fGg]x¿ hgtfs} dfemdf hfg lsg 8/fO/x]sf 5g\ < hgcfsf+IFFlj?4 ;Qf / ;DklQsf] e/df :j3f]lift g]tf x'g] lbg ca uPsf 5g\ eGg] 7fg]/ g} xf]nf pgLx¿ hgtf;“u 8/fPsf . To;}n] dfcf]jfbL bnsf g]tfx¿n] klg ;Qf / ;DklQsf] bnbndf km;]sf bnsf g]tfx¿sf] 3/cf“ug wfpg'eGbf hgtfsf] 3/ b}nf]df ;'vzflGt k'¥ofpg tTsfn åGå/t kIf;“u jftF{df a;]/ Pp6f lg0f{odf k'Ug'k5{ . @! cf}+ ztfAbLsf] /fhf eP/ a:g rfxg] /fhf;“u dfcf]jfbLn] ;+jfb ug{ lxrlsrfpg' x'"b}g . lsgeg] o; ztfAbLsf /fhfn] cfkm"nfO{ /fi6«;]js / hgtfnfO{ dflns dfg]/dfq sfd rNg;S5 . dfcf]jfbL sDo'lg:6x¿n] ax'njfb / v'nf cy{Joj:yf;Ddsf] nrstf b]vfO/x]sf 5g\ eg] /fhfn] /fi6« / hgtfsf] lxtdf ;]jfefj lsg gb]vfpg] <

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kmfu'g #) ut]b]lv g} nfu" x'g] u/L o'4lj/fd cfrf/;+lxtf aflx/ cfPkl5 jftf{k|lqmof cl3 a9\g] ljZjf; ;j{q hfu]sf] 5 . lj:tf/ lj:tf/ ca zflGtjftf{n] ;d:ofsf] lgsf; lgsfNg]5 eGg] efjgf hgtfdf knfpg yfn]sf] 5 . u[xo'4sf] df/df k/]/ sl/a * xhf/ g]kfnLsf] alnbfgL b]zn] ug{'k/]sf] of] a]nf ef}lts ;+/rgfx¿sf] k'glg{df{0fsf] cleofg klg tTsfnaf6} gyfnL gx'g] ePsf] 5 . g]kfnL hgtfsf] rfxgf /x]sf] …zflGtjftf{Ú nfO{ x/]s If]qaf6 ;xof]u ug{'kg{] cfjZostf 5 . /fhgLlts kf6L{, a'l4hLjL, gful/s ;dfhx¿sf] e"ldsf cfkm\gf] 7fp"df t 5"b}5, To;df klg rf}yf] c¨sf] e"ldsf t emg} dxŒjk"0f{ x'G5 . o'4 tyf zflGt ;a} l:yltdf kqsfl/tf hutsf] e"ldsf cToGt dxŒjk"0f{ x'G5 . Pp6f klqsfdf n]v]sf] ;dfrf/nfO{ xhf/f}+, nfvf}+ / s/f]8f}+ kf7sn] k9]sf x'G5g\ . kqklqsfx¿df cfPsf] ;dfrf/nfO{ hgtfn] a9L ljZjf; klg ul/xfNg] / To;sf cfwf/df wf/0ffsf] ljsf; ug{] x'"bf ;dfrf/ ;w}+ ;To x'g'kb{5 eGg] cfd dfGotf 5 .

xfd|f] /fHokIFn] kqsfl/tf hut\nfO{ rf}yf] cËsf] ¿kdf dfg]sf] 5 eg] ljb|F]xLkIFn] klg kqsfl/tf IF]qaf6 zflGtsf nflu 7"nf] e"ldsf x'g] ljZjf; JoQm u/]sf] b]lvG5 . xfdLn] b]v]sf 5f}+, @)$^ ;fndf k|hftGq :yfkgf ePkl5 ;a}eGbf a9L ljsf; kqsfl/tf hut\n] g} u/]sf] 5 . hgtfdf kqklqsf a9\g] afgL klg lgs} a9]sf] 5 . ljleGg kqklqsfx¿ x/]/ klg ;dfrf/sf] ;TotYo cfkm}+ 5'6\ofpg ;Sg] x}l;ot hgtfn] agfPsf 5g\ .

b]zdf clxn] 3f]if0ff ePsf] o'4lj/fdn] ;a} IF]qdf NofPsf] v';L kqsfl/tf If]qdf klg k/]sf] 5 . ;+s6sfndf ;+rf/sdL{x¿dfly ePsf] cGwfw'Gw sf/afxLsf qmddf w]/} kqsf/x¿ kLl8t agfOP . ( dlxg] ;+s6sfndf ;/sf/L kIfaf6 ;+rf/sdL{x¿dfly ul/Psf] sf/afxLnfO{ lg/+s'ztfsf] k/fsfi7f eGb} cGt/f{li6«o kqsf/ hut\n] ljZjdf g]kfnnfO{ kqsf/x¿sf] h]nsf] ¿kdf a'e\mg k'Uof] . & hgf g]kfnL kqsf/x¿n] cfkm\gf] Hofg u'dfP . ;+s6sfndf ePsf df}lns clwsf/ lgnDag;“u} kqsfl/tf hut\ s'"hf] agfOof] . u[xdGqfno / /IFfdGqfnosf] ;dfrf/afx]s c¿ ;dfrf/n] 7fp" kfpg ;s]gg\ . Tolta]nf kqklqsfx¿n] cfjfh ljxLgx¿sf] cfjfh eP/ sfd ug{ kfPgg\ . ;+s6sfns} ;dodf s}of}+ kqklqsfx¿ aGb x'g k'u] . ljrf/ / cf:yfnfO{ s}b ug{] k|of;x¿ eP . ;+s6sfndf ;/sf/n] lnPsf] sf/afxLsf] k|ltsf/ ug{ kqsf/x¿n] ;s]gg\ . xfdL g]kfnLsf] lj8Dagf ha b]zdf ;d:of cfp"5 Tof] a]nf h'6\g] xf]Og, km'6\g] sfd x'G5 . ;+s6sfndf kqsf/x¿n] b'Mv kfpg'df kqsfl/tfn] /fd|F] e"ldsf v]Ng g;s]sf] dx;'; ul/Psf] 5 . s[i0f ;]gsf] xTof x'g'df klg kqklqsfsf] u}/lhDd]jf/Lk"0f{ ;"rgf k|;f/0fn] dnhn lbPsf] xf] ls eGg] cfz+sf klg hgdfg;n] u/]sf] lyof] . kqsfl/tf clxn] olt Jofj;flos ePsf] 5 ls cfkm\gf] lhDd]jf/LnfO{ klg lal;{P/ ;To tYosf] glhs k'u]/ ;"rgf ;+sng ug{]eGbf klg cfkm\gf] k]k/n] ;a}eGbf klxnf ;dfrf/ lbg ;sf];\ h'g ;dfrf/ 5fKbf a9L ljqmL x'G5 . o:t} ;dfrf/x¿n] 7fp" kfpg yfn]sf 5g\ . of] kIF ljsf;;“u cfPsf] ljs[lt xf] .

b]zdf clxn] zflGt 5fpg yfn]sf] 5 . 8]9 dlxgfsf] o'4lj/fddf pBf]u Joj;fo, ko{6g nufotsf If]qx¿ km:6fpg yfln;s]sf 5g\ . of] zflGt :yfoL zflGt x'g'kb{5 eGg] cfd g]kfnLsf] rfxgf 5 . sltko kqklqsfx¿n] Tolt /fd|F] e"ldsf v]Ng ;s]sf 5}gg\ . xr'jfsf] e/df ck'i6 ;dfrf/nfO{ 7"nf 7"nf e"u]/] 6fps] cIf/df 5fk]/ hgtfnfO{ e|d kfg]{ sfdx¿ w]/} ePsf 5g\ . ;fgf] ;dfrf/nfO{ 7"nf] cIF/df k|rf/ ul/P tfklg b]zn] vf]lh/x]sf] cu|ufdL lgsf;df eg] pgLx¿ kl5 g} k/]sf b]lvG5g\ . ljleGg ;fKtflxs klqsfx¿n] cf–cfkm\gf] kf6L{sf] /fhgLlts nfOgnfO{ g} lk5f u/]sf] b]lvPsf] 5 .

;/sf/–dfcf]jfbLn] o'4lj/fdsf a]nfdf s] ug{ x'g] xf] / s] ug{ gx'g] egL @@ a'"b] cfrf/;+lxtf lgsfn]sf 5g\ . o;cl3 dfcf]jfbL jftf{6f]nLsf] g]t[Tj ug{] JolQm 8f= afa'/fd e§/fO{n] ;+rf/ IF]qdf b'j}sf e"ldsf ;dfg x'g'kb{5 eGg] dfu ubf{ sltko kqklqsfn] gsf/fTds ¿kdf k|rf/ klg u/]sf lyP tyflk cfrf/;+lxtfdf b'j} kIFsf] ;dfrf/ ;dfg lbg] s'/fdf ;xdlt ePsf] 5 . b]znfO{ cu|udgdf nfg kqsf/x¿n] /fd|f] e"ldsf v]Ng g;s]sf] s'/f jl/i7 dfcf]jfbL g]tf ;LkL uh'/]nn] Ps n]v dfkm{t\ atfpg'ePsf] 5 . cem} klg ;Qf kIF / dfcf]jfbL kIfsf aLrdf rf“8} le8Gt lgDTofpg] vfnsf pQ]hs ;fdu|L;d]tnfO{ :yfg lbPsf] kfOPsf] 5 . ;+s6sfnsf] a]nfdf uPsf] ;ftf] cem} af}/L g;s]sf] xf] ls eGg] cfz+sfnfO{ To:tf c;Gt'lnt ;dfrf/x¿n] an k'¥ofPsf 5g\ . cfrf/;+lxtf nfu" eO;s]sf] l:yltdf zflGt lj/f]wLx¿n] ljleGg sf]0faf6 km}nfpg;Sg] pQ]hgf / ;xL ;"rgfsf] cefjdf b'O{ kIFsf tNnf txaf6 x'g;Sg] s]xL ;fdfGo uNtLnfO{ clt/+hgfk"0f{ 9+un] xf]Og ls ;dfwfgnfO{ s]Gb|df /fv]/ ;dfrf/ ;Dk|]if0f ul/g'kb{5 . ;QfkIF / ljb|f]xLkIFsf aLr ;+rf/sf] k|of]udf ePsf] ;xdltnfO{ Vofn ub{} lxhf]af6 cfhdf ¿kfGtl/t x'g'kg{] l:ylt ;a}sf] cufl8 cfPsf] 5 . 6]lnlehg, /]l8of] / uf]/vfkqnufotsf ;/sf/L dfWod;d]t o'4;Gt'ngdf /xg] ;+lxtfleq kl/;s]sf] a]nf kqsfl/tf hut\n] klg of] ljlzi6 ;Gt'ngdf Vofn k'¥ofpg'kb{5 .

s'g} klg kqsf/ cfk"m ;r]t /x]/ c¿nfO{ ;r]t kfg{] cToGt lhDd]jf/ JolQm xf] . zflGtjftf{nfO{ :yfloTj lbg kqsf/x¿sf] dxŒjk"0f{ st{Jo x'G5 eGg] s'/f xfdL cfkm}+n] a'em\g'kb{5 . kqsf/ x'" eGb}df gfgfy/Lsf k|Zg p7fpg] / cfkm\gf] s'/f af]Ng nfpg] rng oxf“ /x]sf] 5 . gfgfy/Lsf k|Zg u/]/ jftf{ ef“8\g] dfq x'g\ eGg] vfnsf cleJolQm hgtfaf6 gcfpg] l:yltk|lt Wofg lbg'kb{5 . clxn] kqsf/x¿sf ;fd' cToGt hl6n l:ylt v8f ePsf] 5 . xltof/ la;fPsf] dfcf]jfbLnfO{ jftf{sf] nfOgaf6 aflx/ hfg glbg / ;/sf/nfO{ klg xltof/n] slxNo} klg o'4 lhltb}g eGg] s'/fsf] va/bf/L ug{'kb{5 . zflGtlj/f]wL xf]Og, o'4lj/f]wL ;dfrf/ xfd|F] p2]Zo x'g'kb{5 . of] a]nfdf xfd|F] e"ldsf klg ;Gt'ngdf /xg'kb{5 . o'4lj/fdsfndf zflGt grfxg] oyfl:yltjfbLx¿n] s:tf] if8\oGq ug{;S5g\ < xltof/ dflkmofx¿, of] b]znfO{ ljb]zLsf] qmL8f:yn agfpg rfxg]x¿ / ef]lnsf] /fhgLlts eljio;“u ctflNnPsfx¿ jftf{ ef“8\g s:tf v]n v]N5g\ eGg] s'/fdf cg';Gwfg u/L hgtfnfO{ ;';"lrt u/fpg] sfd klg rf}yf] cËs} xf] .

cfh xfdL o:tf s'/fdf cem} kl5 k/]sf 5F}+ . Tof] s'/f] ;DalGwt kIFnfO{ a'emfpg ;Sof}+ / hgtfnfO{ ;';"lrt kfg{ ;Sof}+ eg] b]zdf zflGt Nofpg] sfddf xfd|F] e"ldsf emg} dxŒjk"0f{ b]lvG5 . rf}yf] cËn] hgrfxgfnfO{ a'em]/ cu|ufdL r]tgfsf] bLk k|Hjlnt ug{'kb{5 . of] jftf{ ljkmn ePdf s] x'G5 eGg] s'/fsf] ;+s]t t xfdLn] ;+s6sfndf klg ef]Uof}+ . ca jftf{ ljyf]lnPdf d'n'sn] s:tf] kL8f / dxf;+s6 ef]Ug'kb{5 . To:tf s'/faf6 ;a}nfO{ clu|d af]w u/fp"b} zflGtk|lt P]Soa4tfsf nflu cfx\jfg ug{ ;Sg'kb{5 . b]znfO{ ;d:ofaf6 hf]ufpg] bfloTjaf6 kqsf/ hut\ pDsg ;Sb}g . aGb'ssf] zlQmnfO{ sndåf/f ;dfof]hg ug{'kg{] cfjZostfnfO{ Vofn ub{} uDeL/ aGg' cfhsf] clgjfo{ sfd xf] . kqsf/hut\ ;r]t ju{ / ;dfhk|lt cToGt lhDd]jf/ ju{ ePsf] x'"bf xfdLn] xfd|f] st{JonfO{ e'mlSsP/ klg e'Ng x'"b}g . xhf/f}+ g]kfnLsf] alnbfg / nfvf}+ hgtfsf] kL8fnfO{ cf“vfcufl8 /fv]/ zflGt sfo{df x}+;] ug{' cfhsf] ;a}eGbf dxŒjk"0f{ sfd xf] .

s]xL k|Zg M æhf]/–lahf]/ ljz]if1Æ x¿;+u

/3'gfy nfld5fg]

/fhwfgLs} d"nkfgL uflj;sf ef]nf ;fksf]6f clxn] Ps lbg la/fP/ …ldNs xf]ln8]Ú dgfpg afWo ePsf 5g\ . lsgls pgn] b"w 9'jfgLsf nflu k|of]u ug]{ df]6/;fOsnsf] gDa/ hf]/ 5}g .

sd{rf/L ;+ro sf]ifsf hflu/] /fdk|;fb ;f]daf/ laxfg} Pdsdsf] sIff lng ;w}+em}+ xtf/ xtf/ SofDk; k'u] t/ pgn] Ps lkl/o8 lnP/ TolQs} kms{g'k¥of] . lsgls cGo b'O{ SofDk;df Ps Ps lkl/o8 lnP/ z+s/b]j cfpg] pgsf lzIfsn] ;fj{hlgs ;jf/Ldfkm{t\ sIff Eofpg} ;s]gg\ . lahf]/ gDa/sf] df]6/;fOsn ePs} sf/0f pgsf] k|tLIffdf a;]sf /fdk|;fb h:tf bh{gf}+ ljBfyL{ lg/fz eP/ kms{g afWo eP .

af]8]sf Zofds[i0f w'h"n] x/]s lahf]/ af/ cfkm\gf] ;fu;AhL u'Gb|'s xfNg}kg]{ ePsf] 5 . df]6/;fOsndf 3'dfO3'dfO{ a]Rg] pgsf] ;fu;AhL u'Gb|'sdf kl/0ft ePkl5 pgsf] kl/jf/ cf+lzs a]/f]huf/dfq ePsf] 5}g, cfly{s c;Gt'ngsf] e'd/Ldf kg]{ klg lglZrt ePsf] 5 .

oL 36gf t s]xL pbfx/0fdfq x'g . s]xL lbgb]lv ;/sf/n] hf]/–lahf]/ gDa/sf cfwf/df ;jf/L rnfpg u/]sf] Joj:yfn] o:t} ;of}+ g]kfnLnfO{ kL8f lbPsf] 5, h'g s'g} klg xfntn] ts{;+ut 5}g .

o;/L hf]/ ut] hf]/ gDa/ / lahf]/ ut] lahf]/ gDa/sf ;jf/Ldfq rnfpg kfpg] Joj:yf nfu" ug'{k5fl8 …OGwgsf] ldtJooL pkof]uÚ sf] ts{ ;/sf/n] cl3 ;f/]sf] 5 . ;fdfGo tj/n] ;f]Rbf of] lg0f{o 7Ls 7flgg ;S5 t/ OGwg dfu u5{g\ eGg] axfgfdf ;jf/L rnfpg} aGb]h nufpg'n] dxŒjk"0f{ ;/sf/L kbdf cf;Lg …JolQmTjÚ x¿sf] lg0f{o Ifdtf / b"/bzL{kgsf] kf/blz{tf eg] 5tf5'Nn ePsf] k|l:6G5 .

sd;]sd ;8sdf 6«flkms hfd a9\of] eg]/ ;/sf/n] of] lgod nfu" u/]sf] eP lrQ a'emfpg]nfO{ klg 7fp" x'GYof] . OGwg dfu u5{g\ eGg] gfddf nflbPsf] of] lgodn] ;/sf/dfly bh{gf}+ k|Zg pAhfOlbPsf] 5 . ;jf/L cfjthfjtdf /f]s gnufOsg k]6«f]lnod kbfy{sf] sf]6f tf]Sg] / Tof] sf]6fcg';f/ hf]/ ut] hf]/ gDa/sfnfO{ / lahf]/ ut] lahf]/ gDa/sf ;jf/LnfO{ dfq OGwg lbg] Joj:yf ug{ ;ls"b}gYof] < ljz]ifu/L SofDk;, clkm; jf cGo o:t} k|of]hgsf nflu lglZrt 7fp" / ;dodf u'8\g] df]6/;fOsnn] s] lauf/]sf lyP ls o:tf] lg0f{osf] ;hfo ef]Ug'k¥of] < Ps lbg kfpg] ;/sf/L sf]6fs} OGwgn] d b'O{ lbgsf] rf/ lbgnfO{ k'¥ofP/ cfkm\gf] ;jf/L k|of]u u5'{ eGg klg gkfOg] of] s:tf] / sxf“af6 cfofltt …zf;gÚ xf] <

;/sf/L pRr kbf;Lgx¿ slt b"/bzL{ 5g\ eGg] b]vfp"5 pgLx¿sf] of] lg0f{on] klg . hf]/ ut] hf]/ gDa/ / lahf]/ ut] lahf]/ gDa/sf ;jf/L rnfpg kfpg] lgod 3f]if0ff ug'{cl3 s'g} dlxgf @( / s'g} #! sf] klg kg{ ;S5 eGg] lsg lg0f{ostf{sf] lbdfudf cfpg ;s]g < o:tf] eof] eg] hf]/ gDa/sf ;jf/Ljfnfn] nuftf/ b'O{ lbg cfkm\gf] ;jf/Ldfq xf]Og, d'vdf klg tfnf nufpg'kg]{ x'g;S5, o:tf] cj:yfdf pgLx¿nfO{ kg{ hfg] Ifltsf] k"lt{ s;/L x'g ;S5 <

o;} ;Gbe{df s]xL pRr kbf;Lgx¿n] cgf}krfl/s e]63f6df eGg] u/]sf 5g\ ls ToltGh]n cyf{t\ dlxgfsf] clGtd;Dddf t O/fsdflysf] cd]l/sL cfqmd0f 6'+luxfN5 lg, clg t of] ;d:of g} /x"b}g . clt dxŒjfsf+IfL / ljZjljh]tf aGg] w"gdf cu|;/ cd]l/sL cfqmd0fsf] clGtd ltlyldlt cfqmd0fsf/L :jo+ hh{ a';nfO{ t yfxf 5}g eg] of] a]nf;Dd 6'+uf] nfU5 eg]/ eljiojf0fL ug{;Sg] Hof]ltifL 1fg sxf“af6 k|fKt u/] xfd|f hf]/–lahf]/jfnf ljz]if1n] <

;/sf/n] ljZj kl/l:ylt h:tf] eP klg Ps dlxgfnfO{ k'Ug] OGwg :jb]zleq} df}Hbft /x]sf] tyf d'Vo ;/f]sf/jfnf ef/t;“u ePsf] ;xdltcg'¿k cfpg'kg]{ OGwg klg lgoldt lelq/x]sf] bfaL u/]sf] 5 . ljZjl:ylt clglZrt /x]sf] / hgtf ;r]t geO;s]sf] xfd|f]h:tf] d'n'sdf ;fdfGo sf/0f;d]t ga'emL s'g} klg ;fdfg hf]xf] ug{ nfOg nfUg' c:jfefljs xf]Og . t/, Psftkm{ Ps dlxgfnfO{ k'Ug] :6s 5 eGg] / csf]{tkm{ dfu hlt lbg g;s]/ sf]6f tf]Sg] å}w Jojxf/n] ;/sf/sf] egfOnfO{ ljZjf; ug]{ 7fp" sxf“g]/ 5 < xfdL;“u kof{Kt :6s 5 eg] ;Dk"0f{ OGwg kDk / l8n/sxf“ dfu hlt g} OGwg pknAw u/fOlbP s] km/s k5{ < cflv/ hf]xf] ul/Psf] OGwg klg ;fljs vkts} nflu g xf] . ;d:of 6'+luof] eg] ;a}n] hf]xf] ul/Psf]af6 sfd rnfp"5g\ / ahf/df dfu sd x'G5, clg Tolta]nf dfu / cfk"lt{ ;Gt'ngdf cfOk'U5 eGg] ;fdfGo cy{zf:qsf] lgod klg lsg a'em\b}g of] ;/sf/ <

OGwg ljt/0fsf nflu ;/sf/n] sf]6f lgwf{/0f u/]sf] 5 . t/, Tof] sf]6fcg';f/ x/]s OGwg kDkaf6 ;'ljwf lng;Sg] cj:yf 5 . df]6/;fOsnsf nflu @ ln6/ k]6«f]n pknAw u/fpg] Joj:yf tf]lsPsf] 5 t/ cfkm"nfO{ !) ln6/ rflxof] eg] % j6f kDkdf uP/ !) ln6/ ;xh} pknAw x'g] l:ylt cem} ljBdfg 5 . cGo ;jf/Lsf] l:ylt klg o:t} 5 . …OGwg ldtJooLÚ u/fpg] of] …;jf]{Qd lg0f{oÚ nfu" ePkl5 ofq'sf nflu ul/Psf] clgjfo{ x]Nd]6 Joj:yf Jofkf/Ls} lxtdf dfq lyof] eg]/ 7f]s'jf lsg gug]{ ;j{;fwf/0fn] <

…ko{6s, lghL, ;/sf/L, ;+:yfg, JolQmut, ld6/hl8t 6\ofDkf] tyf dfOqmf]a;sf nflu hf]/–lahf]/ gDa/sf cfwf/df ;+rfng ug]{ Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5Ú– ;/sf/n] hf/L u/]sf] ;"rgf oxL xf] . of] ;"rgfn] sxL" klg df]6/;fOsnnfO{ of] lgod nfUg] jf gnfUg] eGg] ls6fg u/]sf] 5}g t/ 6«flkmsx¿nfO{ c¿ ;jf/Lsf] eGbf df]6/;fOsnsf] gDa/df a9L Wofg 5, To;}n] pgLx¿ s[ifsn] cfkm\gf] Aofpg] a]nfsf] kz' af/Daf/ lgofn]em}+ df]6/;fOsnsf] gDa/ Kn]6 lrofOlrofO{ x]5{g\ tfls km'tL{ b]vfP/ pgLx¿sf] nfO;]G; cfkm\gf] xft kfg{ kfOxflnof];\ .

g af6f] hfd kf5{, g a9L 7fp" cf]u6\5, g a9L k|b"if0f u5{, o:tf] ;jf/LnfO{ rNgaf6 /f]s nufpg' s;sf] lxtdf 5 < OGwg lbg'÷glbg' 8f8'–kGo" cfkm\gf] xftdf ePsfn] ;/sf/sf] ljj]ssf] s'/f xf], t/ OGwg dfU5g\ eg]/ df]6/;fOsn h:tf] ;xh ;jf/L klg rNg /f]s nufpg'n] km]l/ klg lg0f{o ug]{ 7fp"df k'u]sfsf] …8lS6«gÚ k|lt lsg z+sf gug]{ eGg] k|Zg pAhg' :jfefljs} xf] .

k7gkf7g dfq xf]Og, o'4lj/fdkl5 tlGsg] ;'/;f/df nfu]sf] ko{6g xf];\ ls Pp6f ;jf/Ls} e/df rn]sf] l;+uf] kl/jf/ xf];\ jf ;jf/L cfwfl/t b"w, cG8f, s'v'/f, kmnkm"n, t/sf/Lh:tf k];fdf nfu]sf JolQm÷kl/jf/ x'g\, of] Pp6f ;/sf/L cb"/bzL{ lg0f{on] tL ;a}nfO{ Pp6} vfN8f]df hfs]sf] 5 . cfkm"n] st}, s'g} dfWodaf6 OGwg k|fKt u/]/ jf k'u];\ k'u];\ u/L rnfP/ Jofkf/, Joj;fo ug{ jf 5fs 6fg]{ d]nf]df klg /f]s nufPsf] 5 .

lgoldt / Jojl:yt tj/n] OGwg ljt/0f ug{ g;Sg] ;/sf/n] …;jf/L /f]sÚ xltof/ k|of]u u/]/ …c;Ifdtf 5f]Kg] 9fnÚ sf ¿kdf ul/vfg] ;j{;fwf/0fnfO{ k|of]u ug]{ 5'6 sxf“af6 kfof] < clxn] ;j{;fwf/0fn] t]:of{pg] d'Vo k|Zg oxL xf] .

k'g dxf]bosf] :j/ lsg s8f <

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jftf{ k|;Ëdf cfkm"nfO{ emG8}–emG8} …x'G5 axfb'/Úsf] ¿kdf k|:t't ub}{ cfPsf ;/sf/L jftf{ 6f]nL ;+of]hs gf/fo0fl;+x k'gsf] efsf PsfPs km]l/Psf] 5 . kfv'/f ;'ls{+b} pgn] dfcf]jfbLaf6 cfrf/;+lxtf pNn+3g eO/x]sf] atfPsf 5g\ . dfcf]jfbL jftf{ 6f]nLsf ;b:o s[i0faxfb'/ dx/fn] klg ;/sf/sf] lqmofsnfkn] z+sf:kb l:ylt pTkGg u/fPsf] u'gf;f] ub}{ cfPsf 5g\ . ljb|f]xL kIf x'g'sf] cy{ dfcf]jfbLaf6 ;/sf/L kIfeGbf s]xL a9L dfu ul/g' :jfefljs 5 .

t/, dfcf]jfbLsf k|To]sh;f] s'/fdf v'n]/ ;dy{g ub}{ cfPsf k'gsf] efsf km]l/g' kl5lNt/ s]xL /fli6«o÷cGt/f{li6«o oyfy{x¿n] sfd u/]sf 5g\ . vf;u/L /fli6«oeGbf cGt/f{li6«o sf/0fx¿af6 dfcf]jfbL ultljlwsf ;DaGwdf /fhsLo k|ltlqmof lgb]{lzt x'"b} cfPsf] 5 . p;f] t, ;]K6]Da/ !! df cd]l/sL h'DNofxf 6fj/df cft+ssf/Lsf] cfqmd0f gePsf] eP / To;kl5 cd]l/sfn] …cft+sjfblj?4sf] n8fO"Ú g5]8]sf] eP oxf“ klg dfcf]jfbLlj?4 cft+ssf/Lsf] laNnf le/fp"b} 6fpsfsf] d"No tf]Sg];Ddsf sfd sf/afxL ug{ ;/sf/ Tolt w]/} pTk|]l/t x'g] lyPg .

;+;f/el/sf sDo'lg:6 cfGbf]ng b]v]/ ;"w} 6fpsf] b'vfpg] cd]l/sfsf lglDt zfGt lxdfnL clw/fHo g]kfndf sDo'lg:6 /fhgLltsf] To;df klg ;z:q /fhgLltsf] lj:tf/n] lgb|f x/fPsf] lyof] . oxL lgx'"df oxf“sf] zf;sju{nfO{ cfºgf] zf;g;Qf l6sfpgsf lglDt cd]l/sL :jfy{ ;xof]uL x'g] g} eof] . cft+sjfblj?4sf] n8fO"sf gfddf /fli6«o d'lQm cfGbf]ngx¿nfO{ bafpg] /fd|f] cj;/ k|fKt ePsf] xf] ;]K6]Da/ P3f/kl5 . of] l:ylt g]kfnsf ;Gbe{df dfq xf]Og cGoqsf ;/sf/x¿nfO{ ;d]t pGd'lQm lbg] lsl;dsf] lyof] .

clxn] ;/sf/L jftf{ ;+of]hs k'gsf] cleJolQmdf ?vf]kg pTkGg x'g'df cg]sg sf/0f x'g ;S5g\ . t/, ev{/} blIf0f Pl;of dfdnf;DaGwL ;xfos ljb]zdGqL lqml:6gf /f]Ssfn] dfcf]jfbL lx+;fn] g]kfnsf] k|hftGq, :yfloTj, cfly{s / ;fdlhs ljsf;nfO{ r'gf}tL lbPsf] wf/0ff JoQm u/]sL l5g\ . dfcf]jfbLn] g]kfndf sDo'lg:6 ;Qf :yfkgf ug]{ p2]Zo /fv]sf sf/0f pgLx¿sf] sf/0fn] o; If]qsf] ;'/Iffl:yltnfO{ cl:y/ agfpg]5 eGg] 7f]s'jf ;d]t pgn] u/]sL l5g\ .

Psflt/, jftf{df cfPsf dfcf]jfbL ax'bnLo k4ltdf ljZjf; ug]{ / xfnnfO{ ;+ljwfg;efdfkm{t\ hgdt cg'¿k g} cfºgf] /fhgLltsf] k/LIf0f ug]{ OR5f JoQm ul//x]sf 5g\ . csf]{lt/, cd]l/sfn] pgLx¿sf] pkl:yltn] o; If]qsf] ;'/Iffl:yltdf g} c;/ kg]{ wf/0ff JoQm ul///x]sf] 5 . ;“u} cd]l/sf g]kfnnfO{ ;'/Iff ;fdu|Lsf lglDt;d]t ;xof]u ug{ tTk/ ePsf] 5 .

oxL a]nf ef/tdf >L % dxf/fhflw/fh 1fg]Gb|sf] tLyf{6g eO/x]sf] 5 . /fhfnfO{ ef/tn] lxdfnL clw/fHodf a9\bf] dfcf]jfbL lx+;flj?4 n8\gsf lglDt cfZjf;g lbPsf] 5 . /fi6«klt ejgdf >L % sf] bz{ge]6sf cj;/df ef/tLo ljb]zdGqL hh{ kmgf{lG8;n] of] ;xof]usf] cfZjf;g lbPsf x'g\ . dfcf]jfbL;“usf] jftf{ k|lqmofdf ;xeflutf vf]lh/x]sf] ef/taf6 ;/sf/nfO{ o; lsl;dsf] ;xof]u k|fKt x'g] ePsf] 5 .

;/sf/ / dfcf]jfbL kIfåf/f :jLsf/ ul/Psf] cfrf/;+lxtfdf b'j} kIfn] ;+j]bgzLn If]qdf Psn] csf]{nfO{ pQ]lht kfg]{ sfd gug]{ egL :jLsf/ ul/Psf] lyof] . kl5Nnf lbgdf nlntk'/sf] uf]6Lv]ndf dfcf]jfbLn] ;'? u/]sf] …uf]nd]r ;Dd]ngÚsf] cEof;df zfxL g]kfnL ;]gfn] x:tIf]k u/L kf“rhgfnfO{ lu/ºtf/ u/]sf] 5 . s]xL lhNnfdf ;]gfn] dfcf]jfbLaf6 agfOPsf …;lxb u]6Ú eTsfpg] sfd u/]sf] cf/f]k;d]t dfcf]jfbLn] nufPsf] 5 .

zflGtk"0f{ ultljlw ug{sf lglDt s'g} cj/f]w pTkGg gug'{ g} cfrf/;+lxtfsf] dd{ cg's"nsf] Jojxf/ xf] . dfcf]jfbLn] klg xltof/ k|bz{g gug'{ o;sf] csf]{ Pp6f zt{ xf] . uf]nd]rh:tf] :yfgLo :t/df ul/g] 5nkmn sfo{qmddf ;+nUg dfcf]jfbLnfO{ cj/f]w ug'{sf] cy{ pgLx¿nfO{ km]l/ aGb's af]Sg k|]l/t ug'{ g} xf] . o:tf] vfn] ;+jfbsf] sfd ug{ dfcf]jfbLdfq xf]Og, cGo /fhgLlts kIf;d]t hfu?s x'"bf g} vf]h]sf] bLuf] zflGt k|fKt x'g;S5 . PsfPs ;/sf/L ?v ablng'df km]l/ klg ljb]zLsf] cf8 e/f];f k|fKt x'g] cfZjf;g g} xf] ls <

k'gsf lglDt klg cfufdL lbg Tolt ;lhnf 5}gg\ . pgn] dfcf]jfbLnfO{ jftf{df Nofpg ;kmn ePkl5 o; sfddf cfkm"nfO{ lgs} rt'/ 7fGb} cfPsf s]xL jl/i7 dGqLx¿ s"lkt eO/x]sf 5g\ . ltgLx¿ >]osf] ku/L nufpg gkfP/ leqleq} 56k6fO/x]sf 5g\ . cfkm" ;/sf/df ;lDdlnt x'g gkfp"bf ;/sf/n] ult g} glnPsf] 7fGg] Tof] k|j[lQ clxn] klg ;/sf/df 5 . o; l:yltdf k'gnfO{ c;kmn kfg{ kfP ltgsf] ceLi6 ;d]t k"/f x'g]5 .

k'gn] Psflt/ jftf{ 6f]nLsf] ;+of]hsTjdfq lnPsf 5}gg\ csf]{lt/ cfrf/;+lxtf cg'udgsf] lhDd]jf/L;d]t lnPsf 5g\ . cfrf/;+lxtf cg'udg ug]{ JolQmn] 5'Rrf] cleJolQm ;d]t lbg'kg]{ x'G5 . t/, k'gnfO{ g} Ps JolQm snf k|bz{gL h:t} u/L lsg o; lsl;dsf] lhDd]jf/Ldfly lhDd]jf/L ylkof] xf]nf < x'g t k'gnfO{ klg clxn]sf ;d:of ;dfwfgsf] ;"q cfkm";“udfq} 5 eGg] uj{ eO/x]sf] 5 .

s]xL lbgcl3 pgn] @)$^ ;fnsf hgcfGbf]ngsf/L zlQmnfO{ nnsfb}{ …åGågu/af6 zflGtgu/sf lglDt 5'6]sf] a;Ú df ;jf/ geP 5'6\g] r]tfjgL lbPsf lyP . pgn] Tof] lbg /fhgLlts kf6L{sf g]tfx¿nfO{ dfgdb{g ug{;d]t kl5 k/]gg\ . xfdLsxf“ ;+oldt /fhgLlts JolQmx¿df ;d]t st}sf] cf8e/f];f kfpg yfn]kl5 ;a}nfO{ pl5g]/ cleJolQm lbg] k|j[lQ 5 . ;fob, k'gnfO{ klg ca d}n]afx]s c¿n] s]xL ug{ ;Sb}g eGg] efg ePsf sf/0f kf6L{ g]t[TjnfO{ ysf{Psf] x'g'k5{ .

To;f] t, z]/axfb'/ b]pjfs} pbfx/0f klg xfd| ;fd' 5"b}5 . pgL s'g} a]nf ;a} /fhgLlts kf6L{;“u ;xsfo{ ug]{ / nlrnf] g]tfsf ¿kdf lrlgGy] . t/, ha pgL hgcfGbf]ngsf/L zlQmeGbf leGg cGo zlQmsf] ;flGgWodf k'u], ta c¿af6 6fl9+b} uP . tyflk pgnfO{ zfxL g]kfnL ;]gfsf] cfw'lgsLs/0fsf lglDt sfd u/]s} sf/0f ljb]zL zlQmaf6 x6fOPsf cfwf/ klg gePsf xf]Ogg\ .

;DejtM k'gsf lglDt klg clxn] c;lhnf] cj:yf cfOk/]sf] 5 . dfcf]jfbLnfO{ pgn] s]Gb|Lo txsf g]tf l/xf ug]{ cfZjf;g klg lbO;s] . t/, ;'/Iff lgsfon] pgn] eg]sf] dfGg] s'/f ePg . ;/sf/df cfk;L ;dGjo gePsf sf/0f jftf{ k|lqmofnfO{ cl3 a9fpg afwf eO/x]sf] 5 . To;df klg cd]l/sf, ef/th:tf d'n'sn] ;]gfnfO{ ;xof]u ug]{ eg]kl5 jftf{ lsg ul//xg' k¥of] eGg] efjgf;d]t pTkGg x'g;S5 . emg\ cd]l/sfn] O/fsdf cfqmd0f ;'? ul/;s]sf] l:yltdf To;n] ;d]t oxf“sf] /fli6«o /fhgLltdf k|efj kfg]{ lglZrt 5 .