/fhgLltsf] :yfoL ;dfwfgsf] vf+rf]

nf]s/fh a/fn

/fhgLlts Joj:yfsf] j}wtf, sfo{z}nL, c7f]6 / åGåsf] cGt/;DaGw 5 . åGå Joj:yfkg of åGå ;dfwfg /fhgLlts g]t[Tjl;t klg ;DalGwt 5 . ctM Joj:yfsf] :j¿k olsg geO{ åGåsf] ;|f]t / ultzLntfsf] olsg ug{ ;ls"b}g . g]kfnsf] /fhgLlts Joj:yf hlxn] klg c:ki6 /x\of] / ;fgf–7"nf 36gf of sfo{z}nLdf tn–dfly kg{ hf"bf Joj:yf ls t w/fzfoL x'g] ls t o;df ljs[lt b]lvg] eof] . hlt;'s} qmflGt u/] klg tL ;a}h;f]n] lglb{i6 lbzfaf]w u/fpg g;Sbf b]zdf cGof]n ;w}+ /xg] l:ylt /x"b} uof] . To;}n] dfcf]jfbL …hgo'4Ú sf l;nl;nfdf p7fOPsf sltko ljifo / åGåsf] l:ylt ;fdflhs, cfly{s / /fhgLlts ;+/rgfl;t ;DalGwt b]lvG5g\ .

g]kfnsf] /fhgLlt hlxn] klg ;fdGtL / k/Dk/fjfbL :jefjsf] /x]sfn] o;n] u'0ffTds ¿kdf kl/jlt{t x'g ;s]g . rfx] /fhtGq xf];\, rfx] nf]stGq b'j}sf] d"ne"t :jefj Pp6} /xg uof] . o;n] ubf{ /fhgLlt g} åGå l;h{gf ug]{ Aof8sf ¿kdf b]lvof] . hltkN6 Joj:yf ablnP klg ltg} ;d:of 3l/–3l/ cfO/x]sf / ;dfwfg eg] x'g g;s]sfn] åGå km}ln"b} uPsf] kfOG5 . zlQmsf] ;|f]t cem} to x'g g;s]sfn] @! cf}+ ztfAbLsf] /fhgLlt k'/fg} d"No, dfGotfn] kLl8t x'g k'lu/x]sf] 5 . @))& ;fnsf] kl/jt{g, @)$^ ;fnsf] hgcfGbf]ngn] lglb{i6 u/]sf nIo uf}0f x'"b} hfg'df /fhgLlts Joj:yfsf] d"ne"t kIfsf] 7]ufg nfUg g;Sg' xf] .

;+:yfut /fhgLlts k4ltsf] ljsf; x'g g;Sbf k|To]s /fhgLlts kl/jt{gn] :yfloTj k|fKt ug{ ;s]g . /f0ffzfxL t 9Nof], t/ /fhf lqe'jgdfkm{t\ 3f]if0ff ul/Psf] ;+ljwfg;ef h;åf/f g]kfnL hgtf ;fj{ef}d 5g\ eGg] dfGotfsf] :yfkgf x'GYof], Tof] cw"/} /x\of] . h'g /fhfn] ;+ljwfg;ef / u0ftGq;Ddsf] pNn]v u/]sf lyP, ltg} /fhf / pgsf pQ/flwsf/Lsf kfnfdf zlQmsf] ;|f]t /fhf x'g\ eGg] s'/f k'gM :yflkt ul/of] . o;sf] kl/0ffd ;g\ !(%( sf] g]kfn clw/fHosf] ;+ljwfg lyof] . oxL ;+ljwfgsf] wf/f %% sf cf8df :yflkt cw{;+;bLo Joj:yfsf] cGTodfq ePg, ;lqmo /fhtGqnfO{ alnof] kfg]{ sfd eof] . o;/L /fhgLltn] ljsf;qmdnfO{ ;dfpg g;Sbf hlxn] klg cl:y/ / lbzfljxLg x'g uof] . @)$^ sf] hgcfGbf]ng …ax'bnLo Joj:yf k|flKtÚ eGg] Ps;"qLo nIo /fv]/ yflnPsfn] g]kfnsf] efjL /fhgLltsf] k"j{lglZrt lbzfaf]w x'g ;s]g . ;+ljwfg lgdf{0fsf qmddf dfq ;}4flGts ¿kdf ;fj{ef}d;Qf g]kfnL hgtfdf lglxt /x]sf] s'/f dflgof] . t/ Jojxf/df ptfbf{ eg] ;a} kIfn] of] d"n s'/fnfO{ ls t ;Demf}tf ub}{ uP ls t …lyrf]ldrf]Ú ul/of] . hgtf ;fj{ef}d x'g\ eGg] d'2fdf cfh km]l/ ax; 5]l8Psf] 5, h'g efjL / :yfoL /fhgLlts ;dfwfgsf lglDt ;sf/fTds 5 .

/fhgLlts cl:y/tf / d"n s'/fn] ;w}+ pAhfO/xg] åGåsf] ;bfsf nflu ;dfwfg gx'Gh]n x/]s kIf k|efljt eO/xG5 . /fhgLltn] lbzfaf]w ug{ g;Sbf zlQmsf] ;|f]t /fhf x'g\ ls hgtf eGg] s'/f 3'ldlkm/L cfO/x]5 . åGåsf] ;|f]tsf] lgSof]{n eg]sf] ;Ifd / hgtfk|lt pQ/bfoL ;/sf/sf] k|efjsf/L hgd'vL sfo{qmddfq x'g ;S5 .

nf]stflGqs Joj:yfsf] k'gM:yfkgf / gof" g]kfnsf] lgdf{0f cfhsf] d"n Ph]G8f x'g ;Sg'k5{ . g]kfnsf] k'glg{df{0f eGgfn] ;fdflhs / cfly{s 9f"rfsf] lgdf{0f, h; cGtu{t hftLo, juL{o / n}+lus e]befjsf] cGTo kb{5g\ . cfh nf]stflGqs Joj:yf cfPsf] !# jif{ lalt;Sbf klg %) jif{cl3 to x'g ;Sg'kg]{ s'/f bf]xf]l/Psf kfOG5g\ . cfof]u u7g ePsf 5g\, t/ tL cf}krfl/stfdf dfq ;Lldt 5g\ . cyf{t\ h] hlt gLlt lgdf{0f ePsf 5g\, sfof{Gjogdf cToGt lzlyn 5g\ . juL{o / hftLo e]b a9]sf] 5 . lzIff If]qdf b]lvPsf] lj;+ult o;sf pbfx/0f x'g\ . lzIffsf] nufgL afn'jfdf kfgL xfn];/x ePsf] / vfln !% k|ltzt g]kfnLsf 5f]/f5f]/Ln] dfq u'0ffTds lzIff pknAw ug{ ;s]sf] tYon] g]kfnL ;dfhsf] eljiosf] l:ylt c;dfgtfn] el/Psf] kfOG5 . o;sf lglDt /fHo / gful/s ;dfhn] qmflGtsf/L gLlt cjnDag u/L ljifdtf 36fpgkl§ cu|;/ x'g' kg]{5 . t/ o;sf] ljk/Lt nf]stGqdf ul/g] zf;gtGq tflTjs ¿kdf k'/fgf] Joj:yfeGbf km/s gb]lvPsfn] g]kfnL hgdfg;df Joj:yfk|lt ljt[i0ff x'g] v08 kl/xfN5 . olb gof" Joj:yf pxL ju{, pxL hfthfltdf dfq ;Lldt x'g] xf] eg] o;sf] pkfb]otf s] /xG5 <

;fdflhs, cfly{s / /fhgLlts åGåsf sf/0f pxL k'/fg} Joj:yfksLo rl/q / u/fOdf c8\s]sfn] o;sf] cGTo eg]sf] qmflGtsf/L nf]stflGqs kl/kf6Lsf] lgdf{0f ug'{ xf] . t/ jt{dfg ;+ljwfgdf 6]s]/ /fhgLlt ug]{ kIf– /fhf, bn, c¿ / dfcf]jfbL kIf hf] gof" ;+ljwfgsf] lgdf{0f ug{ rfxG5– ;a} kIf cem} c:ki6 b]lvG5g\ . /fhf c:ki6 5g\, lsgeg] ;+j}wflgs /fhtGqsf] cfkm"v';L JofVofg / sfof{Gjog eO/x]sf] 5 . /fhgLlts bn cGoGt ;Demf}tfjfbL ePsfn] ;do;fk]If nf]stflGqs Joj:yfsf] vfsf cem} k|i6 ePsf] 5}g . dfcf]jfbL c:ki6 b]lvG5g\, lsgeg] pgLx¿sf] d"ne"t l;4fGt / /0fgLltdf e]b b]lv"b}g . ;+ljwfg;ef of cGo vfn] k|fjwfgdf ax; 5]l8Psf] 5 / lgrf]8 lgl:sPsf] eg] 5}g . ha;Dd ;Dk"0f{ bnn] nf]slk|o ;Dk|e'tfsf] s'/f olsg ug{ ;Sb}gg\, ta;Dd /fhfsf] e"ldsf klg olsg x'g ;Sb}g . km]l/ ;+ljwfgdf n]lv"b}dfq jf:tljstf emlNsg] xf]Og . /fhgLlts bndf ;+ljwfgsf] ;xL efjgfnfO{ nfu" ug]{ b[9 OR5fzlQm, cfTdljZjf; / ;fx; gx'Gh]n h:tf];'s} ;+ljwfgsf] cj:yf klg xfnsf] ;+ljwfgs} h:tf] x'g]5 . klxnf] s'/f t ;+ljwfgn] lgwf{/0f u/]sf efjgfnfO{ sfof{Gjogkl§ nfUg'k¥of] / Joj:yfnfO{ ;xL ¿kdf k|ltlglwTjd"ns kfg'{k¥of] . t/ ;xeflutf / ;zlQms/0f 5'l§g] kIf xf]Ogg\ . ljleGg hft, hflt / dlxnfsf] ;xeflutf elg"bf pgLx¿sf] ;xL ¿ksf] ;zlQms/0f ;lDemg'k5{ . gq ;xeflutf cf}krfl/stfdf ;Lldt /xG5 .

cfhsf] åGå Joj:yfkg of ;dfwfgsf nflu s]xL k"j{;t{ b]lvG5g\ . klxnf] xf], /fhgLlts Joj:yfsf] k|i6tf . bf];|f], ;a} /fhgLlts zlQm To; Joj:yfleq c6fpg ;Sg'k¥of] . o;nfO{ /fhgLlts PsLs/0f eGg ;lsG5 . cfh ;a}sf] ;femf ljGb'sf ¿kdf ax'bnLo Joj:yf / ;fj{ef}d ;Qf;DkGg hgtf b]lvPsf 5g\ . o;}leq cGo w]/} kIf kg{ ;S5g\ . olb Ps Go"gtd ;dembf/Ldf cfwfl/t Joj:yf nfu" ug]{ / To;sf] ;Da4{g / ;+/If0fsf nflu ;a} zlQmsf] ;femf k|lta4tf hfx]/ eof] eg] nf]stGqsf] eljiok|lt s'g} z+sf /xg] 5}g . dfcf]jfbL nufot ;a} bn / zlQmsf] ;fd"lxs k|lta4tfsf] vf"rf] 5 . cfh nf]stflGqs zlQm / jfd zlQm eg]/ 5'6\ofO/xg] v08 kb}{g . lsgeg] qmflGtsf/L :j¿k / c7f]6 gePsf] nf]stGq l6sfp x'g ;Sb}g . ;dfh Joj:yfnfO{ u'0ffTds ¿kn] kl/jt{g ug{ ;Sg] g]t[Tj / ;+u7gdfq qmflGtsf/L / hgd'vL x'g ;S5 . dWodfuL{ / jfddfuL{ cyjf blIf0fdfuL{ eGb} ljefhg ug]{ cfhsf] vf"rf] xf]Og . hf] hglj/f]wL sfo{ u5{g\, tL :jtM klG5G5g\ of blIf0fkGyLsf] bhf{df k5{g\ . ctM o:tf] ljefhgsf] cGTo ug{ Jofks nf]stflGqs ;dembf/Lsf] vf"rf] 5 . o:tf] u7aGwgsf] sfof{Gjog s;/L x'G5, s]–s] p2]Zo / /0fgLlt x'G5g\ < ltgsf] lgwf{/0f ;a} ldnL ug{ ;lsG5 .

cfh /fhgLlts lgsf; vf]lhPsf] 5 . o:tf] lgsf; eg]sf] ls t cu|ufdL ;+j}wflgs ;'wf/ / ltgsf] sfof{Gjog ls t ;+ljwfg;efn] lgwf{/0f u/]sf] efjL /fhgLltåf/f dfq ;Dej x'G5 . ;+ljwfg;ef k|ltudglt/sf] kfOnf] xf]Og . s;}n] To;lt/ df]8\g cu|;/ x'G5 eg] Tof] /fhgLlts bn / gful/s ;dfhsf] sdhf]/Ln] ubf{dfq ;Dej x'G5 . ;+ljwfg;efsf] s'/fdf ;a} kIfn] dfGbf åGå Joj:yfkg / hgd'vL /fhgLltsf] yfngL :jtM x'G5 . ;+ljwfg;efsf] k|lqmofl;t} nf]stGqsf] efjL :j¿ksf] 9f"rf klg ;"u;"u} sf]l/g'k5{ . ;+ljwfg;efnfO{ ;xL ¿kn] k|of]u ul/"bf hgd'vL Joj:yfsf] cu|ufdL af6f] klxNofOg]5 . o;} k|lqmofåf/f Jofks ;xeflutf klg ;Dej 5 .

b]zsf] abln+bf] /fhgLlts kl/l:ylt / cflbjf;L÷hghfltsf] ;/f]sf/

8f= r}tGo ;'Aaf

/fhgLlts lx;fan] b]z cfh c:ki6 cj:yfaf6 u'lh|/x]sf] 5 . ;ft jif{ nfdf] dfcf]jfbL ;z:q hgo'4 :ylut ePsf] 5 / uf]nd]r ;Dd]ng, cGtl/d ;/sf/ / ;+ljwfg;efaf/] rrf{ rn]sf 5g\ . b]zsf] eljio ;'lglZrt ug{ cg]s af6fx¿af/] ;f]rljrf/ ug'{kg]{ / pko'Qm af6f] ;dfTg''kg]{ cj:yf cfPsf] 5 . cfh xhf/f}+ o'jfx¿n] aGb's p7fP/, nfvf+} gful/sx¿n] ltgnfO{ psf;]/, ;xof]u k'¥ofP/ / ;dy{g u/]/ jt{dfg oyfl:yltdf hah{:t kl/jt{gnfO{ cjZo+efjL agfPsf 5g\ . hg/fhgLlts ljsNksf lx;fan] eGg] xf] eg] @)$^ ;fnsf] pknlAwnfO{ /Iff ug{ rfxg] ;+;b\jfbLx¿ Psflt/ 5g\ eg] cfd"n kl/jt{gsf] lxdfotL dfcf]jfbLx¿ csf{lt/ 5g\ . aLrdf t];|f] af6f] vf]h]/ a;]sf cj;/jfbL Pj+ tyfslyt\ /fhfjfbLx¿ -;lqmo /fhtGqjfbL / /fhfsf] s]xL lglZrt e"ldsf;lxtsf] ;+j}wflgs /fhtGqjfbL b'j} y/L_ klg hgfwf/ lgdf{0fsf lglDt 56\k6fO/x]sf 5g\ . l;4fGttM dha't eP klg Jojxf/tM xfnnfO{ sdhf]/em}+ b]lvg k'u]sf] / ;a}lt/af6 k|xf/df k/]sf] ;+;b\jfbLx¿ cfÏgf pRr tyf dWodjuL{o tyfslyt\ pRrhftLo sfo{stf{x¿ / d'Votof pRr hftsf lgDg dWodjuL{o dtbftfx¿sf andf cfÏgf] k|efj lj:tf/df h'6]sf 5g\ . csf{lt/ dfcf]jfbLx¿ eg] pRrhftLo g]t[Tjdf lgDg dWodjuL{o ax'hftLo sfo{stf{x¿ / cfh;Dd pk]lIft, bldt / ;'if'Kt /x]sf blnt, cflbjf;L, hghflt, dlwz], dlxnf, ;j{xf/f tyf lgDg juL{o hgtfsf] gof" hgfwf/ l;h{gf u/]/ Pp6f gof" zlStsf] ¿kdf pbLodfg 5 . aLrdf a;]/ g]kfnsf] /fHo;Qfdf xfjL /x]sf] clehfTo ;d"x / ltgsf akmfbf/x¿ ;/sf/L ;}Goan / if8\oGqaf6 hlt nfe p7fpg ;lsG5, ToxL lng] bfpdf 5g\ . t/ ca ;z:q ljb|f]xn] ufp"–ufp" / ;a} tKsfsf dflg;nfO{ Ao'"emfPsf] 5 . ca ;j{;fwf/0f hgtf;d]t d'n's s'g af6f] lx"8\5 eg]/ pT;'stfk"j{s k|ltIff ul//x]5g\ . cflbaf;L÷hghfltx¿sf] gh/df eg] xfn;Ddsf ;Qfwf/Lx¿ k|sf/fGt/n] /fdzfx -!^^)÷!^(# ;fn_ s} kfnfb]lvsf ^ y/–3/ cyf{t\ pRrhftLo ef/bf/x¿ -/fgf÷du/sf] ckjfbafx]s_ s} lj:tfl/t ¿k xf] . To;}n] pgLx¿ ca vf]lhg] /fhgLlts lgsf;n] pgLx¿sf] kl/jt{gsf] cfsf+Iff af]S5÷af]Sb}g eg]/ Jou|tfk"j{ kv]{/ a;]sf 5g\ .

ljut nueu ;jf b'O{ ;o jif{b]lv /fhgLlts bdg / alxis/0f, e"ldaf6 lj:yfkg / cfly{s l;dfGtLs/0f, ;f+:s[lts ;+xf/, eflifs, wfld{s, ;f+:s[lts / hftLo lje]b / c;dfg Jojxf/sf l;sf/ eOcfPsf of] b]zsf #&=@ k|ltzt cflbaf;L÷hghfltx¿sf] cj:yfdf cfh klg ;'wf/ cfpg g;Sg' Ps b'Mvb s'/f] ePsf] 5 . /fHo;Qfdf pgLx¿sf] kx'"r 5}g . g]jf/nfO{ 5f]8\g] xf] eg] cGo cflbaf;L÷hghfltx¿sf] cj:yf gfh's 5 . lj=;+= @)%^ ;fndf lgjf{lrt k|ltlglw;efsf ;f+;bx¿df !& k|ltzt cflbaf;L÷hghflt ;f+;b lyP, h;n] b]zsf] gLlt lgdf{0fdf s'g} vf; k|efj kfg{ ;s]gg\ . sfo{kflnsfdf pgLx¿sf] pkl:ylt To:t} uf}0f /lxcfPsf] 5 . b]zsf] k|d'v kf6L{sf] g]t[Tj k+lQmdf pgLx¿sf] gfdf]lgzfg 5}g . Gofokflnsfdf cflbaf;L÷hghfltsf] pkl:ylt z"Goa/fa/ 5 . nueu !! xhf/ /fhkqf+lst lghfdtL sd{rf/Lx¿df @=# k|ltztdfq cflbaf;L÷hghflt -g]jf/afx]s_ 5g\ . b'ef{Uosf] s'/f, o:tf] l:yltdf ;'wf/ cfpg] nIf0f klg k6Ss} b]lvPsf] 5}g . lj=;+= @)$* ;fnsf] ;+;b\
-k|ltlglw;ef_ df @# k|ltzt cflbaf;L÷hghflt ;f+;b lyP eg] @)%^ ;fndf of] 36]/ !& k|ltztdf em¥of] . csf{lt/ b]zsf] cfjfbLsf] nueu !# k|ltzt /x]sf afx'gx¿sf] k|ltlglwTj eg] #&=& k|ltzt -&& hgf_ k'Uof] . To:t} l:ylt lghfdtL ;]jfdf k|j]zsf] 5 . nf]s;]jf cfof]uaf6 @)$)÷$@ ;fnlt/ lghfdtL ;]jfdf v6fOPsf clws[tx¿df ^( k|ltzt afx'g–If]qL lyP eg] @)$(÷%) ;fnlt/ Tof] a9]/ *) k|ltzt / @)%&÷%* ;fndf *& k|ltzt k'Uof] . csf{lt/ gof" lgo'lQm kfpg] clws[tx¿df !* b]lv @# k|ltzt g]jf/x¿ x'Gy] eg] Tof] 36]/ @)%&÷%* df *=& k|ltztdf em¥of] . u}/g]jf/ cflbjf;L÷hghfltx¿ @)$)÷$@ ;fnlt/ lghfdtL ;]jfdf # k|ltzthlt l5/]sf lyP eg] @)%&÷)%* df cfP/ s'n gof" lgo'lQm kfpg] clws[tx¿sf] )=% k|ltztdfq l5g{ ;dy{ eP . o:t} lubf]{ l:ylt t/fO{sf demf}nf hft, d';ndfg tyf blntx¿sf] klg 5 .

lzIffdf cflbjf;L÷hghfltx¿ cToGt k5fl8 5g\ . g]jf/nfO{ 5f]8\g] xf] eg] :gfts jf ;f] dfly cWoog u/]sf JolStx¿df nueu ^ k|ltztdfq cflbjf;L÷hghfltx¿ 5g\ . pRr k|fljlws lzIffsf nflu ljb]zaf6 k|fKt x'g] 5fqj[lQdf ljut @) jif{sf] lzIff dGqfnosf] tYofÍ x]g{ xf] eg] 5fqj[lQ kfpg]x¿df $=% k|ltzt -^^ hgf_ dfq u}/g]jf/ cflbjf;L÷hghflt ljBfyL{ 5g\ . b]zdf v'n]sf OlGhlgol/ª, lrlsT;fzf:q nufotsf pRr k|fljlws lzIf0f ;+:yfx¿df egf{ kfpg]sf] tYofÍ x]g]{ xf] eg] g]jf/ afx]ssf hghfltx¿ d'l:snn] % k|ltztn] egf{ kfPsf 5g\ . s]xL ckjfbnfO{ 5f]8]/ :jf:Yo;]jf cflbjf;L÷hghfltx¿sf] kx'"r aflx/ 5 . of] s'/f] pgLx¿sf] t'ngfTds ¿kn] sd cf};t cfo' / pRr dft[lzz' d[To'b/n] k'li6 u5{ . cflbjf;L÷hghfltx¿ ;+;fwgljxLg Pj+ ;'ljwf jl~rt cj:yfsf sf/0f ul/aLsf kof{o g} ag]sf 5g\ . pgLx¿ e"ldk'q eP/ klg e"ldxLg 5g\ . pgLx¿sf] g /fli6«o ;+;fwgdf kx'"r 5 g :yfgLo ;+;fwgdf g} . dfgj ljsf;sf lx;fan] s'/f ug]{ xf] eg] afx'gsf] ;dsIf k'Ug cflbjf;L÷hghfltx¿ clxn]s} d'n'ssf] k|ultsf] /Ïtf/n] x]g]{ xf] eg] d'n'ssf] ;f/f ;+;fwg pgLx¿dfly nufgL ubf{ klg csf]{ Ps ztfAbL nfUg] l:ylt 5 .

g]kfndf /fi6« lgdf{0fsf k|lqmof;"u} cflbjf;L÷hghfltx¿sf] ;+:s[lt ljgfzsf] k|lqmof tLj| kfl/Psf] xf] . /fHosf] pRrhftLo ;f+:s[lts x}sdjfbL gLlt / Jojxf/n] ubf{ cflbjf;L÷hghfltx¿sf] ;f+:s[lts, eflifs / wfld{s clwsf/sf] xgg eOcfPsf] 5 . pgLx¿sf] d"t{ tyf cd"t{ ;f+:s[lts ;Dkbfx¿ sltko nf]k eO;s], slt nf]k x'g] cj:yfdf 5g\ . cflbjf;L÷hghfltx¿sf] nueu !)) j6f efiffdf #) j6fhlt xfn ljlng x'g nfu]sf 5g\ . dft[efiffdf k|fylds lzIff kfpg] clwsf/sf] klg /fi6«af6 ;+/If0f / ;Ddfg x'g;s]sf] 5}g . pgLx¿sf] k/Dk/fut wd{sf] ljgfz ul/Psf] 5, k/Dk/fut ;fdflhs–/fhgLlts ;+/rgfx¿ Wj:t kfl/Psf 5g\ . o;qmddf pgLx¿n] ef]u]sf ckdfg, bdg / /fHo cft+ssf] :d/0f pgLx¿sf] :d[ltdf cfn} 5 . cfh klg cflbjf;L÷hghfltx¿nfO{ /fHo;Qfdf k|e'Tj /x]sfx¿n] dflg;h:tf] 7fGb}gg\, cfÏgf] s[kfdf dfq af"Rg kfpg] k|f0fL 7fGb5g\ . hf] b]zsf] ;Qf / ;+;fwgdf sAhf hdfpg gkfP b]z 5f]8\5g\, pg} /fi6«jfbsf 8+sf lk6\5g\ / cflbjf;L÷hghfltx¿nfO{ ;w}+ z+sfsf] b[li6n] x]5{g\ . ToxL dfgl;stfsf] kl/0ffd:j¿k cft+sjfblj/f]wL P]g Nofp"bf cft+sjfbdfq kof{Kt geP/ hftLo ljå]if km}nfpg] lqmofsnfklj¿4 eg]/ To;sf nflu ljz]if ¿kdf sfg'gL Joj:yf ul/G5 . jt{dfg ;+ljwfgsf !$ j6fhlt wf/f tyf pkwf/fx¿ / $# j6fhlt sfg'gx¿sf s]xL Joj:yfx¿ cflbjf;L÷hghfltk|lt lje]bk"0f{ /lxcfPsf 5g\ . cfh cflbjf;L÷hghfltx¿ To:tf lje]bsf/L k|fjwfgx¿sf] cGTodfq xf]Og, c;dfgtf / lje]bsf] sf/s ag]sf] b]zsf] /fhgLlts, cfly{s / ;fdflhs ;+/rgf / k4ltdf cfd"n kl/jt{g rfxG5g\ . cfh cflbjf;L÷hghfltx¿ cfÏgf] ;'ljwf jl~rt tyf l;dfGtLs[t cj:yfdf kl/jt{g Nofpg ;sf/fTds sf/afxL jf ;sf/fTds lje]bsf] dfq ck]Iff /fVb}gg\, cfÏgf tLgj6f clwsf/x¿sf] k|rng ePsf] cg'ej ug{ rfxG5g\ . tL tLgj6f clwsf/x¿ x'g\, -!_ ;f+:s[lts jf ax'hftLo clwsf/, -@_ :j;/sf/sf] clwsf/ / -#_ ljz]if k|ltlglwTjsf] clwsf/ . ;f+:s[lts clwsf/ ck"0f{ 5, eflifs clwsf/nfO{ dfGotf lbP/ / ax';+:s[ltjfbsf] dd{cg'¿k d'n's rnfP/ k"0f{tf k|bfg ug{'kb{5 . :j–zf;glagf ;'zf;g ;Dej 5}g . cfTdlg0f{osf] clwsf/;lxtsf] hftLo :jzf;gåf/f :j;/sf/sf] clwsf/sf] k|Tofe"t ul/g'kb{5 . :jzfl;t lgsfo / tLdfkm{t\ hgtfnfO{ jf:tljs ¿kdf zlSt, clwsf/ / ;fwg;DkGg t'Nofpg :jzfl;t lgsfodf -:jzfl;t hgtfdf_ cfTdlg0f{osf] clwsf/ x'g' h¿/L 5 . hgtf ;fj{ef}d ;Qf;DkGg 5g\ eGg] dfGg] xf] eg] cfTdlg0f{osf] clwsf/ Ps :jfefljs clwsf/ xf] . To:t} cflbjf;L÷hghfltx¿nfO{ b]z ljsf;sf] d"nk|jfxdf Nofpg ljz]if k|ltlglwTjsf] clwsf/ lbOg'kb{5 cyf{t\ ;dfj]zL Pj+ ;xeflutfd"ns k|hftflGqs k|lqmof / ;+:yfx¿ ljsl;t ul/g'kb{5 . /fhgLlts k|ltlglwTj, ;/sf/L ;]jf / ;+;fwgx¿sf] ljt/0fdf ;dfg'kfltstf, zlQm ;Gt'ng;lxtsf] lå;bgfTds Joj:yf, /fHo ;~rfngdf ;fem]bfl/tf cflb o:tf s]xL ;dfj]zL k|hftflGqs k|lqmof / ;+:yfx¿ x'g ;Sb5g\ . ljz]if k|ltlglwTjsf] clwsf/sf] k|Tofe"ltaf6 dfq /fHo;Qfdf pgLx¿sf] kx'"r a9fpg ;Dej x'G5 / pgLx¿nfO{ /fHo;Qfsf] ;dfg lx:;]bf/ agfpg ;lsG5 .

cfh cflbjf;L÷hghfltx¿ cfÏgf k|ultsf Jojwfgx¿ kG;fpg] ;xh / ;'lglZrt cj;/x¿sf] vf]hLdf 5g\ . To;}n] jt{dfg ;+ljwfgdf Jofks ;+zf]wg jf gof" ;+ljwfgsf] lgdf{0f pgLx¿sf nflu uDeL/ ;/f]sf/sf ljifo x'g\ . uf]nd]r ;Dd]ng, cGtl/d ;/sf/ / ;+ljwfg;efsf k|;+udf lg0f{o lnO"bf jf sfo{afxLx¿ cl3 a9fp"bf oL ;/f]sf/jfnfx¿nfO{ ;dfj]z u/fOG5÷u/fO"b}g, x]g'{kg]{ ljifo ePsf] 5 . of] ljifo cfh;Dd cflbjf;L÷hghfltsf af/]df cfjfh p7fpg]x¿sf nflu klg k/LIffsf] ljifo ePsf] 5 . b]zsf] #& k|ltzt cfjfbLsf] d'2fnfO{ pk]Iff u/]/ bL3{sfnsf nflu åGåsf] cGTo ;Dej x'G5 eg]/ e/kg'{ ;z:q åGåsf] cEof;df kml;;s]sf] d'n'ssf nflu Ps csf]{ lbjf:jKgdfq x'g]5 . b]z ;a} b]zjf;Lx¿sf] ePsfn] ;a}nfO{ ;d]6]/ n}hfg] kl/kf6L :yflkt ug{, b]zsf] ;+;fwgx¿dfly pk]lIft tyf ;'ljwf jl~rtx¿sf] kx'"r a9fO{ pgLx¿sf] k|ult tyf ;d[l4 ;'lglZrt ug{ / ;a} b]zjf;Lx¿n] ;;Ddfg lhpg kfpg] kl/l:ylt lgdf{0f ug{ ;a} lhDd]jf/ g]tf / gful/sx¿n] uDeL/tfk"j{s ;f]r]/ d'n'snfO{ Pp6f gof" lbzf lbg ;fx;sf ;fy cu|;/ x'g'kg]{ a]nf cfPsf] 5 .

;Lldt l;6df egf{ v'Nof]

ul/a zdf{

x}g lkl/lG;kn afa', egf{ v'n];L t u8¥ofDd v'Nof]–v'Nof] lg, of] …;Lldt l;6Ú df eg]/ sf"8f em'G8\ofpg'sf] dtnar}+ a'lemg x} d}n] .

ca s] ug]{ afh], xfd|f] :s'ndf c¿h:tf] hlt kfof] Tolt :6'8]G6 egf{ lnO"b}g . vfnL /x]sf] s]xL–s]xL l;6df dfq lng] xf], To;}n] lkmS; l;6sf nflu P8ld;g lnOg] ePsfn] ;Lldt l;6sf nflu eGg'k/]g t <

x}g cl3 t $÷% hgf e'/fe'/L vf]Hg'ef] eg] tkfO{+sf] gfltr}+ l;Q}df k9fOlbG5' eGg'x'GYof], ;Lldt l;6 eP t km]l/ lsg l;Q}df k9fOlbg] s'/f] ug'{x'G5 t < hfaf] s]xL l;6df t em'Ss]/ klg egf{ x'g cfOxfN5g\ lg, Pp6}sf uf]6]s %÷& yfg e'/fe'/L 5g\ Sof/] t .

clxn] klAnl;6Lsf] hdfgf 5, To;}n] Kof/]G6\;nfO{ cfslif{t kfg{ lj1fkg P6«oflS6e kfg'{k5{ Sof . To;}n] ;Lldt l;6 eGof] eg] pgLx¿ df}sf pDs]nf eg]/ xQ g kQ cfkm\gf lrN8«]gnfO{ P8ld;gsf nflu NofOxfN5g\ . afh] plxn]sf] kg'{ef], ca clxn]sf] df]8{g s'/f tkfO{+n] a'em\g'x'Gg Sof .

ga'em]/ t lkl/lG;kn afa';"u a'em\g vf]Hof 5 . clg o;f] a'em]/ sxf" /fd|f] 5, ToxL+ egf{ u/fpg' /fd|f] x}g / eGof . lsg xQ g kQ egf{ u/fOxfNg'k¥of] < e'/fe'/Lsf] eljioh:tf] s'/f], km]l/ k};f]dfq x;'Ng] :s'nf" k¥of] eg] k/]g laTof; eGof .

wt\ afh], oqfljlw uNnLlkR5] :s'n 5g\ . 3/–3/ la/fP/ :s'n v'Nof 5g\ . cfOl8of nufP/ aRrf P8ld;g u/fOxflnPg eg] xfdL 7x/} kb}{gf}+ < p;} t :6'8]G6 geP/ :s'n g} Snf]h ug'{knf{:tf] eP/ Sof 6]G;g efÚ5 . ltdL a"9fsf] cfOl8of kmnf] u¥of] eg] t 6fk s;]
x'G5 6fk .

x}g ltd]¿ t k9]–n]Vof dfG5], oltlj£g k|lt:kwf{ ePsf] If]qdf lsg xfDkmfn]sf] t < oxf" v]nfpg] lbdfu cGt nufP t 6]G;g g ;]G;g, x}g / lkl/lG;kn afa' <

oxL t d}n] cl3b]lv elg/x]sf] 5' lg df]8{g hdfgfsf] s'/f tkfO{+h:tf a"9fkfsfn] a'em\g ufx|f] 5 eg]/ . :s'n vf]Ng ;Sof] eg] klxnf] s'/f t cfkm"n] nufgL ug}{ kb}{g, csf]{ s'/f >LdtL, efGhf–efGhL, elthf], ;fnf–;fnL, h]7fgLsf 5f]/f5f]/L, ldt 5f]/f5f]/Lb]lv st} hflu/ vfg g;s]sf ;a}nfO{ ha lbg kfOG5 . ToxL+ /fv]sf] lkognfO{ 3/df klg sfd u/fpg kfOG5 . clg ;lhnf];"u k};f klg sdfOG5 . ca dgLsf nflu s]xL 6]G;g t lng}k5{ lg afh] .

;f"RrL hflu/sf] s'/f ul/xfNg'ef], d]/L 5f]/L klg TolQs} 5] xf] 3/df, nf}g afa' ltgnfO{ klg o;f] k9fpg]–;9fpg] sfddf nufOlbg'k¥of] . a¿ d klg o;f] ufp"3/ 8'n]/ afa'sf] :s'nf" e'/fe'/L a9fpg d2t u/f}+nf lg .

slt PhsL l5g\, :df6{ l5g\ < slQsf] /fd|L l5g\ < sfd s]–s] hfGbl5g\ <

Ph;]h a'em\lbg afa' d t, kf]xf]/}b]lv a] ulb{g vf]Hof, s]6} gkfÚ/ dfq, x]g'{;\ g . Tof] 8fg; /]i6'/]G6 eGg] x'"bf]/x]5 lg, Toxf" hfG5] lkl/lG;kn afa' slxn]sfxL+ 8fg; ug{ .

ltd|L 5f]/Ln] 8fG; t v'a /fd|f] ulb{/5 x} a"9f, s]6fx¿ km"nsf] cufl8 df}/Lem}+ em'lDdG5g\ eg]/ ;'gfp"5g\ afa' s]6fx¿ ;8slt/ . 8fG;r}+ /fd|f] 5 h:tf] 5 .

ca a"9f dfG5];"u s'/f u/]/ s] kmfObf, k7fOlbg';\ g t ef]ln 3/df, pg};"u 6s u/f}+nf lg .

clg tkfO{+sf] :s'nf" df:6/;fÚax¿sf] tnar}+ slt 5 lg afa' <

xfdL c¿ :s'nsf] h:tf] zf]if0f ub}{gf}+ afh] . xfdLn] of]Uotf x]/]/ !* ;ob]lv $ xhf/;Dd tna lbg] u/]sf 5f}+ . s;}n] 6\o';g k9fof] eg] p;n] cf]e/6fOd klg kfp"5 . o; afx]s cGo ;'ljwf klg 5 . pgLx¿n] Pp6f aRrf lk|mdf k9fpg kfp"5g\, sfnf] lrof b'O{ sk l;Q}df vfg kfp"5g\, k};f lt¥of] eg] :s'nleq} vfglkgsf] Joj:yf 5 . Toltdfq sxf" xf] /, cGt ltg]{ ef8f lbof] eg] /fte/ :s'nd} a:g kfOG5, 8]/f vf]Hg ef}+tfl/g} kb}{g . xfdL klg ToxL+ a:5f}+ lg afh] .

s'/f u¥of] s'/}sf] b'Mv eGy] xf] /}5 af, d t lkl/lG;kn afa'sf] s'/f emg\–emg\ ga'em\g kf] yfn]" t . nufgL ug}{ gkg]{ eG5g\, e'/f k9fpg] 7f" s;/L a:g ldNg] xf] < km]l/ $ xhf/nfO{ klg lgs} 7"nf] eg]/ km"lt{ nfp"5g\===

P a"9f dfG5] $ xhf/ eGof ;lrjsf] klxn]sf] tna xf] a'em\g'ef] < ;lrjn] vfg] tna s;/L sd x'G5 < Tof] tna klg xfd|f] :s'nsf] ;lrjh:t} 7"nf] kb ePsfnfO{ dfq} lbPsf xf}+, a'em\g'ef] < of] hf] kfof] p;n] sxf" kfp"5 / < ca e'/f k9fpg] eg]/ To;nfO{ /ftel/ klg vfnL /fVg' eGg] 5 / < lbp";f] k9fpg], /flt ef8fdf lbg], s;f] afh] d]/f] cfOl8of uhasf] 5}g t < xgf]{;\, nufgL t :s'n P8ld;g x'"bf lng] lkmaf6 ug]{ xf], w/f}6Laf6 ug]{ xf], nufgL ug{ cfkm}+;"u k};f eP t c¿ g} pBf]u ul/xfNy]" lg, lsg :s'n g} rnfpg cfp"y]" / afh] <

;/nfO{ t a9Ldf #÷$ xhf/ tna 5 eg]l; d]/L 5f]/L t ld;, ld:gLnfO{ t To;sf] cfwf lbg] xf]nf lg x}g < x'g t xfd|f] ufp"3/lt/ klg sfd nfp"bf 5f]/L dfG5]nfO{ Hofnf cfw}dfq lbg] x'g\ . u/fOb]pm elgxflnof], 5f]/Lsf] hflu/r}+ /fd|f] xf]nf:tf] 5}g .

s'/f ubf{ub}{ ePsf l;6df c¿n] :6'8]G6 P8ld;g u/fOxfNnfg\ / tkfO{+ e';'Ss} kg'{xf]nf, n n afh] klxn] uP/ cfkm\gf lrN8«]g NofP/ egf{ u/fOxfNg';\, s'/f eg] ub}{ u/f}+nf . kof{Kt l;6 eP t s]xL lyPg, l;6 ;Lldt 5 Sof . a¿ ;'Ggf];\ t– aRrf k7fpg la;]{ klg 5f]/Lrflx" gla;{g'xf]nf lg .

pBf]udGqLsf 5 dlxgf

ljho l3ld/]

g]kfndf k]6«f]lnod kbfy{ ljt/0f ug]{ Psflwsf/ kfPsf] g]kfn cfon lgudsf] ;'wf/, d"No ;dfof]hg, clgoldttf h:tf d'2fx¿ pl7/x]sf] ;dodf ;/sf/n] s]xL lgoGq0ffTds pkfox¿ lnPsf] 5 . cd]l/sf–O/fs o'4sf] sf/0f b]vfP/ o:tf] pkfox¿ lng'k/]sf] bfaL lgudsf] 5 . sRrf t]nsf] k|d'v cfk"lt{:yn vf8Ldf ePsf] o'4n] s]xL c;/ gkfg]{ xf]Og t/, of] sf/0fn] k]6«f]lnod kbfy{sf] cfk"lt{ /f]lsG5 g} eGg] xf]Og . b]zsf] clxn]sf] k]6«f]lnod kbfy{ cfk"lt{sf] k|d'v ;d:of o'4eGbf klg lgudsf] cfGtl/s l:ylt xf] . lgud;"u emG8} Ps dlxgfsf] e08f/ Ifdtf 5, lglZrt of]hgf agfP/ sfof{Gjog ug]{ xf] eg] cfk"lt{ Joj:yfdf o'4sf sf/0fn] ;d:of kg]{ 5}g . t/, ;d:of lgudsf] cfGtl/s sf/0faf6} cfpg;Sg] ;Defjgfx¿ b]lvPsf 5g\ . lgud;"u ca t]n vl/b ug]{ /sd 5}g . cy{dGqfno cfjZos /sd lbg g;Sg] cj:yfdf 5 .

o:tf] ;dodf ;/sf/n] b'O{j6f lg0f{o ug'{kg]{ lyof] . klxnf], cGt/f{li6«o / ef/tsf] ahf/sf] cfwf/df d"No ;dfof]hg ug'{ csf]{, lgudleqsf] clgoldttf x6fpg' . lgudn] t]nsf] d"Noa[l4sf nflu ;/sf/nfO{ cg'/f]w u/]sf] s]xL ;do eO;Sof] t/, a9]sf] 5}g . cGt/f{li6«o ahf/df d"Noa[l4 ePsfn] lgudn] klg oxLcg';f/ ;dfof]hg ug{ vf]Hg'df s'g} cGoyf x'"b}g . dx"uf]df NofP/ ;:tf]df ljqmL ug'{k5{ eGg] s'g} cfly{s gLlt tyf l;4fGtn] eGb}g . To;df klg cg'bfg glbg] ;/sf/sf] gLltn] emg} ldNb}g . ef/tsf] ;Ldf If]qsf] ahf/ / g]kfndf dl§t]nsf] d"No k|ltln6/ sl/a !) ¿k}of"sf] km/s eO;Sof] . cGo OGwgdf klg km/s 5 . o;af6 ;LdfIf]qdf clgoldt ug]{nfO{ gof" If]q v'n]sf] 5 eg] b]zsf] cg'bfgsf] /sdaf6 o:tf] unt k|j[lQn] kmfObf lnO/x]sf] 5 . of] l:yltn] klg lgudnfO{ t]nsf] d"No a9fpg'afx]s csf]{ ljsNk 5}g .

t/, k]6«f]lnod kbfy{sf] d"Noa[l4sf ;fy} lgudsf clgoldttfx¿ klg x6fp"b} hfg'k5{ . lgudsfaf/]df s]xL ;ftfcl3 tof/ kfl/Psf] k"j{ GofofwLz 6f]kaxfb'/ /fodfemLsf] k|ltj]bgn] klg lguddf x'g] clgoldttf x6fpg] xf] eg] sl/a % ca{ ¿k}of" aRg;Sg] pNn]v 5 . pQm k|ltj]bgn] lgudsf sd{rf/L;"usf] ldnf]dtf]df o:tf] r'xfj6 x'g] b]vfPsf] 5 .

of] k|ltj]bg pBf]u jfl0fHo tyf cfk"lt{ dGqL dx]znfn k|wfgn] lng'ePs]f s]xL ;ftf klg eO;Sof] . o;sf] sfof{Gjog ePsf] 5}g . g o;nfO{ ;fj{hlgs g} ul/Psf] 5 . lgudsf] ;+rfns ;ldltnfO{ ;d]t of] k|ltj]bg x]g{ lbOPsf] 5}g . of] k|ltj]bg ;Dk"0f{ g]kfn;"u hf]l8Psf] 5 . o;af/]df pBf]udGqL df}g x'g' cfkm}df /xZodo 5 .

– – –

dGqL ePsf] nuQ} k|wfgn] eQmk'/ O"6f 6fon sf/vfgf, lxdfn l;d]G6, aL/u+h lrgL sf/vfgf nufotsf ;/sf/sf] :jfldTjsf ?U0f pBf]u ;+rfng ug]{ tTk/tf b]vfpg'eof] . pBf]u ;+rfngsf nflu ;ldlt ag], cy{dGqfno;"u ah]6 dfu eof] . t/, o;sf] s]xL dlxgfkl5 oL pBf]u lghL If]qnfO{ ljqmL jf aGb ug{ pBf]u dGqfnon] lghLs/0f ;ldltdf k7fof] . ;/sf/n] oL pBf]u aGb ug]{ lg0f{o klg u/\of] . pBf]udGqL k|wfgsf] ;+rfng ug]{ / s]xL ;ftfkl5 g} lghLs/0fdf k7fpg] h:tf b'O{ k/:k/ lj/f]wfef;k"0f{ cleJolQmx¿ of] 36gfn] phfu/ u/\of] . o;n] lghLs/0fk|lt pBf]udGqLsf] cflwsfl/s wf/0ff s] xf] t < o;nfO{ c:ki6 agfPsf] 5 . pxf"sf] ;+rfng ug]{ gLlt xf] eg] of] ;/sf/sf] cfly{s ;'wf/ sfo{qmd;"u d]n vf"b}g . of] cfwf/df pxf" of] ;/sf/af6 cnu a:g'kg]{ lyof] .

ljZj Jofkf/ ;+u7gsf] ;b:otf lsg lng'k/\of] < of] k|Zg pBf]udGqL k|wfgn] s]xL ;docl3 cfkm\gf sd{rf/L;"u /fVg' ePsf] xf] . dGqL k|wfg k6s k6s g]kfn pBf]u jfl0fHo dxf;+3sf] cWoIf alg;Sg'ePsf] 5 . dxf;+3sf ;+u7gsf] ;b:otfaf/] s]xL jif{b]lv k6s k6s 5nkmnx¿ x'"b} cfPsf 5g\ . dxf;+3n] ;}4flGts ¿kdf 8An'6Lcf]sf] ;b:otf lng'kg]{df lj/f]w klg hgfPsf] 5}g . emG8} rf/ jif{ eO;Sof] ;/sf/n] ;+u7gsf] ;b:otfsf nflu lgj]bg lbPsf] . t/, dGqL k|wfgn] clxn] cfP/ o:tf] k|Zg ug'{n] c:ki6tfx¿ NofPsf] 5 . pxf"n] ;b:otfsf nflu ug'{kg]{ sfo{ klg ;lqmotfsf ;fy cufl8 a9fpg ;Sg'ePg . clGtd ;dodf cfP/ /fli6«o of]hgf cfof]u / sd{rf/Lsf] bafjdf dfq ;b:otfsf sfo{ cufl8 a9]sf] 5 . ;dodf sfo{ ;DkGg gePsfn] of] k|lqmofdf s]xL l9nfO x'G5 ls eGg] cfz+sf a9]/ uPsf] 5 .

– – –

dGqL k|wfgn] ;/sf/df hfg'cl3 k6s k6s lghL If]qsf dfu v/f] ¿kdf /fVb} cfpg'ePsf] lyof] . kf6g cf}Bf]lus If]qdf s]xL jif{klxn] ePsf] z'Nsa[l4sf af/]df xf]; jf sk8f pBf]usf] ;d:ofdf pxf"n] k6s k6s cfjfh p7fpg'ePsf] xf] . b]zsf cf}Bf]lusLs/0fdf klg pxf"n] ;/sf/df hfg'eGbf cl3 y'k|} k6s efif0f ug'{ePsf] lyof] . clxn] pxf" lg0f{o ug]{ txdf x'g'x'G5 . To;}n] pxf"af6 k|z:t cfzf lghL If]qn] /fv]sf] lyof] . t/, clxn] pxf"s} ;dsfnLg Jofj;flos ldqx¿ cgf}krfl/s ¿kdf pxf" pBf]u Joj;fo If]qsf] ;xof]uL gePsf] atfp"5g\ . Jojxf/df klg pxf"n] lghL If]qnfO{ dfly p7fP/ n}hfg]df 7f]; sfo{x¿ ug{ ;Sg'ePsf] 5}g .

;/sf/df lghL If]qsf] pTyfgsf nflu pko'Qm jftfj/0f ;d]t agfpg g;Sg' ePsf] ?U0f pBf]usf] ;+of]hsdf cfPsf] ljjfbn] b]vfp"5 . ?U0f pBf]u k'g:yf{kg ;ldltsf] ;+of]hs pkk|wfgdGqLnfO{ lbOg] tof/L eO/x]sf] 5 . s[lifdGqL ?U0f pBf]usf] ;+of]hs x'g' cfkm}+df xf:of:kb 5 . ?U0f pBf]u;"u pBf]u jf cy{dGqLsf] a9L ;/f]sf/ x'G5 . s[lifdGqL ;+of]hs x'g vf]Hg' cgf}7f] xf] . lghLIf]qsf] k|j4{g, k]6«f]lnod kbfy{sf] d"Nodf xf]; jf lghLs/0f, sl7g lg0f{o lng'kg]{ a]nf cfPsf] 5 . cfpg] lbgdf o:tf If]qdf sfof{Gjogdf v/f] pqg ;Sg'ePdf dfq pxf"sf] sfo{sfn ;kmn x'g]5 .

lghfdtL ;]jf M 36\bf] gf/L ;xeflutf

8f= k|ef a:g]t

/fli6«o hgu0fgf -@)%*_ cg';f/ g]kfn clw/fHosf] s'n hg;+Vof b'O{ s/f]8 #! nfv %! xhf/ $ ;o @# dWo] gf/Lsf] ;+vof ! s/f]8 !% nfv *& xhf/ kf"r ;o b'O{ /x]sf] 5 . gf/Lsf] ;+Vof k'?ifeGbf @# xhf/ kf"r ;o *! a9L b]lvG5 . cyf{t\ cfwfeGbf a9L cfsfz / k[YjL gf/Lx¿n] 9fs]sf 5g\ . t/, s[lif If]qafx]s ljsf;sf] cGo kIfdf gf/Lsf] ;xeflutf k'?ifsf] t'ngfdf cToGt} sd 5 . lghfdtL ;]jfdf t emg\ Go"g 5 .

sl/a $÷% jif{cl3sf] s'/f xf] . k"j{ sd{rf/L kl/ifb\cGtu{t ljsf; ;]jf ;d"xn] k|zf;g ;'wf/;DaGwL cWoog k|ltj]bg k|:t't ug]{ l;nl;nfdf gf/L sd{rf/Lsf] ;+Vof lbgfg'lbg 36\b} uPsf] tYo c+lst ub}{ oxL l:ylt /x]df !$ jif{kl5 Ps hgf gf/L sd{rf/L lghfdtL ;]jfdf gx'g ;S5g\ eGg] ;fj{hlgs u/]sf] lyof] . ca of] l:ylt cfpg *÷( jif{ klg nfUb}g .

lghfdtL ;]jfcGtu{t s'n sd{rf/Lsf] ;+Vof (# xhf/ & ;o !^ 5, h;dWo] gf/L sd{rf/Lsf] ;+Vof * xhf/ * /x]sf] b]lvG5 . @)%* ;fnotf of] ;+Vof s]xL 36\g uPsf] 5 eg] gof" Tolt g} ylkPsf xf]nfg\ eGg ;lsGg . /fhkqf+lst ljlzi6 >]0fLb]lv tx gv'n]sf 6xn'jf;Ddsf sd{rf/L u0fgf ubf{ * bzdnj %% k|ltztdfq gf/L sd{rf/L 5g\ . ;ohgf sd{rf/L Ps} 7fp"df hDdf u/]/ x]¥of}+ eg] (!–(@ hgfhlt k'?if sd{rf/L 5g\ eg] Toxf" &–* hgf gf/L sd{rf/L b]lvG5g\ . o; l:yltnfO{ lgxfn]/ x]bf{ cfwfeGbf a9L cfsfz / k[YjL 9fSg] gf/Lx¿n] !) efudf ! efu klg lghfdtL ;]jfsf] kl/j]z 9fSg ;s]sf 5}gg\ .

;sf/fTds lje]bsf] l;4fGt cyf{t\ k5fl8 k/]sfnfO{ cufl8 Nofpg'k5{ eGg] ljj]sk"0f{ ts{ ug]{ xf] eg] lgod–sfg'g gldlrg] u/L gf/Lx¿nfO{ lghfdtL ;]jfsf ;a} tx / >]0fLdf k|fyldstf lbg'k5{ . nf]s;]jf cfof]un] /fhkqf+lst >]0fLsf] v'nf k|ltof]lutf n}+lus lje]b gu/L ug]{ u/]sf] 5 . To;}u/L nf]s;]jf cfof]uaf6 pQL0f{ eP/ cfPsfnfO{ s'g} lje]b gu/L ;fdfGo k|zf;g dGqfnon] lgo'lQm ydfpg] u/]sf] 5 . sd{rf/Ldf gf/L / k'/if eg]/ tnaeQf u|]8df s'g} lje]b klg 5}g . otf lghfdtL ;]jf P]g, @)$( sf] klxnf] ;+zf]wg @)%% n] klg lghfdtL ;]jfdf gf/L sd{rf/Lx¿sf] kIfdf rf/j6f ;sf/fTds lje]bsf bkmf pNn]v u/]sf] 5 .

– bkmf !) df lghfdtL ;]jfsf] kbdf pDd]bjf/ x'g k'?if pDd]bjf/sf] xsdf k}+tL; jif{ / gf/L pDd]bfj/sf] xsdf rfnL; jif{ k"/f gePsfnfO{ pDd]bjf/ x'g;Sg] Joj:yf 5 .

– bkmf !^ n] lghfdtL ;]jfsf] :yfoL kbdf gof" lgo'lQm ubf{ gf/L sd{rf/Lsf] xsdf ^ dlxgf / k'?if sd{rf/Lsf] xsdf Ps jif{sf] k/LIf0fsfn /xg] Joj:yf u/]sf] 5 .

– bkmf !* sf] pkbkmf @ cg';f/ l/Qm kb ldn];Dd lghfdtL sd{rf/Lsf klt÷kTgL b'j} ;/sf/L ;]jfdf eP Pp6} lhNnfdf k7fpg] k|fjwfg 5 .

– bkmf @! -s_ / -v_ cg';f/ a9'jfsf] lgldQ pDd]bjf/ x'g] gf/L sd{rf/Lx¿sf] ;]jf cjlw k'?if sd{rf/Lsf] eGbf Ps jif{ sd eP klg a9'jfsf] nflu ;DefJo pDd]bjf/ x'g]5g\ egL ls6fg ul/Psf] 5 .

pko'{Qm $ ;x'lnot lghfdtL ;]jf P]g / lgodfjnLn] gf/L sd{rf/Lx¿nfO{ lbOPsf] cToGt ;sf/fTds lje]bo'Qm k|fjwfg xf] . of] ;sf/fTds lje]baf6 lgZro g} lghfdtL ;]jfsf gf/L sd{rf/Lx¿nfO{ o; ;]jfdf k|j]z ug{ k|]/0ff k|bfg u/]sf] 5 . o;}u/L clws[t :t/df nf]s;]jf cfof]usf] v'nf k|ltof]lutfdf k|lt:kwf{ ug{ gf/L pDd]bjf/nfO{ ljutdf $ k6s Ifdtf ljsf; sfo{qmd gf/L afnaflnsf tyf ;dfhsNof0f dGqfnon] ;+rfng u/]sf] b]lvG5 .

lj=;+= @)%# ;fndf #) hgf pDd]bjf/nfO{ dGqfnodf g} Ps gf/L tflnd ;+rfng u/]sf] lyof] . To; ;d"xsf # ;xefuL pDd]bjf/ nf]s;]jf cfof]usf] k/LIfdf ;kmn eP . nuQ} csf]{ jif{ @)%$ df klg o;}u/L ;f] dGqfnosf] cg'/f]wdf :6fkm sn]hdf Ps dlxg] tflnd #& hgf gf/L pDd]bjf/nfO{ k|bfg u/]sf]df ;f] jif{ eg] Ps hgf klg nf]s;]jf cfof]usf] k/LIffdf ;kmn x'g ;s]gg\ . To;kl5 @)%% ;nfdf k'gM o;}u/L Ps dlxg] tflnd ;DalGwt dGqfnon] ;+rfng u¥of] . To;df ! hgf dlxnf pDd]bjf/ nf]s;]jf cfof]usf] k/LIffdf pQL0f{ ePsf] b]lvG5 . To;kl5 @)%!÷)%@ df () hgf pDd]bjf/nfO{ ;DalGwt dGqfnon] ;fj{hlgs gLlt ;+jfb s]Gb|nfO{ ;+rfng ug]{ lhDdf k|bfg u/]sf] / To;df lgoldt ! dlxgfsf] k|lzIf0f lng]dWo] @ hgf /fh:j ;d"xdf, @ hgf k|zf;g ;d"xdf / ! hgf x'nfs ;d"xdf u/L % hgf gf/L pDd]bjf/ k/LIffdf ;kmn ePsf] tYo xfn} k|sfzdf cfPsf] 5 . o; ;d"xdf cGo tLg hgf gf/L klg ;kmn ePsfdWo] hDdf * hgf lnlvt k/LIffdf ;kmn ePsf b]lvG5g\ .

o;/L jif{sf] &÷* hgf gf/Lx¿ ;kmn eO{ ;]jfdf k|j]z u/] eg] o;df ;Gtf]if dfGg] s'/f] t 5}g . lsg o:tf] sd ;+Vofdf gf/Lx¿ ;kmn eP, a9L ;+Vofdf of] ;]jfdf gf/Lx¿ k|j]z u/fpg s] s:tf] /0fgLlt ckgfpg' knf{, o; ljifodf gful/s ;dfhnufot /fHon] g} ljrf/ ug'{k5{ ls < gq n}+lus ;dfgtf / ;zQmLs/0fsf nflu eP÷u/]sf k|of; kmnbfos x'"b}gg\ . gf/Lx¿ k/LIffdf ;xefuL ePcg';f/ ;kmn x'g g;Sg', o;k|sf/sf] ;]jfdf gf/L cfslif{t gx'g' OToflb ljifodf cToGt} uDeL/ eP/ gf/L sd{rf/Lsf] ;+Vof j[l4 ug{ ;DalGwt cfof]u÷dGqFno / gful/s ;dfhn] ;sf/fTds lje]bsf] l;4fGtnfO{ Jojxf/Ls/0f ug{ cljnDa k|of; ug]{tkm{ nfUg'k5{ .

‘x\ofkL ay{ 8]’

w|'jk|;fb Gof}kfg]

cfkm\gf 5f]/f5f]/LnfO{ af]l8{ª :s'ndf k9fpg] afa'cfdf dlxgflbg cl3b]lv g} 5f]/f5f]/Lsf] hGd lbg dgfpg] …k|];/Ú df kg{] u5{g\ . d]/f] ;fyLn] t o:tf] o:tf] u¥of], d]/f] klg To:t} To:t} u/L dgfpg'k5{ …ay{ 8]Ú . afa'cfdfnfO{ s]6fs]6L 9\ofk9\ofkL nufp"5g\ . klZrdL z}nLdf hGdlbg dgfpg' clxn] Pp6f afWotf, cfly{s bafj / ;f+:s[lts lbjflnofkg aGg k'u]sf] 5 . ;DkGgx¿sf nflu dgf]/~hg ug{] axfgfdf ;dfhsf cu|hx¿ g} …x\ofkL ay{ 8]Ú dgfpg] xf]8df nfu]kl5 ;dfhdf o;n] k|efj kfg{' lglZrt 5 .

w]/} dx"uf–dx"uf s]s sf6\g', an]sf] d}gaQL lgefpg', Pscfk;df h'7f] xfn]sf] s]s af"8]/ vfg' lxhf]cfh c+u|]hL dfWodsf af]l8{ª :s'nx¿df ;fdfGo rng ag]sf] 5 . ;/:jtLsf] dlGb/¿kL :s'nsf k'hf/L aRrfx¿nfO{ …x\ofkL ay{ 8] 6' o'Ú sf] nx/ g} cfPsf] 5 . k'l/ofaf6 Psd'7L rsn]6 lems]/ ds} vfP em}+ d¥ofsd¥ofs rkfp"b} s';L{af6 p7]/ tfnL ahfp"b} lzIfslzlIFsfx¿n] d'G6f] xNnfp"b}, …x\ofkL ay{ 8]Ú eg]kl5 ;a} aRrfx¿ …x\ofkL ay{ 8]Ú eGb} tfnL ahfp"b} b'O{ b'O{j6f rsn]6 lnG5g\ . Ps} efsfdf …x\ofkL ay{ 8]Ú e6\ofpg yfN5g\ .

lxhf]cfh u'?k"l0f{dfsf lbgdf klg sIFfleq lk|lG;knn] s]s sf6\g], d}gaQL lgefpg], cfkm"n] h'7f] xfn]sf] s]s ljBfyL{x¿nfO{ af"8\g], cfkm"n] k9fPsf, 1fga'l4, ljj]s lbPsf 5fq5fqfx¿sf xft ;dfp"b}, sDd/ aª\Uofp"b} dfOsn HofS;g / km]/f8]sf] uLt ;'Gb} dgf]/~hg ug{ klg yfln;s]sf 5g\ .

vf;u/L ;x/L IF]qsf lxGb", af}4, h}g, l;Svx¿sf 3/df klg kl/jf/sf ;b:ox¿sf hGdlbgdf uR5]cg';f/sf 7"nfb]lv ;fgf;Ddsf s]s sf6\g], d}gaQL lgefpg], hf"8/S;L lao/ vfg], r'/f]6sf] w'jf" p8fpg], dx"uf dx"uf pkxf/x¿ hDdf ug]{, wgf9\o / k|efjzfnL JolQmx¿nfO{ af]nfO{ af]nfO{ ef]het]/ v'jfpg] h:tf km];g / dgf]/~hg x'g] u5{g\ . ef]het]/sf nflu cfkm"n] vr{ u/]sf] eGbf a9L ;f}uft, pkxf/ cfof] eg] v';L x'g] / sd cfof] eg] b'MvL x'"b} c¿;"u klg b'Mv af"8\g] ul/G5 . o:tf] 5 xfd|f] ;f]rfO .

uPsf] d+l;/ dlxgfdf ;To ;fO{ afafsf] z'ehGdf]T;jsf] lbgdf s]xL ;fO{ eQmx¿n] klg s]s sf6\b} d}gaQL lgefpg] u/] . Psflt/ afaf :jo+ eGg'x'G5– …td;f] df Hof]ltu{doÚ cyf{t\ x] eujfg † dnfO{ cGwsf/af6 k|sfztkm{ n}hfpm . csf]{lt/ afafn] eGg'ePsf] 7\ofSs} pN6f] aln/x]sf] aQL lgefp"bf s] afaf v';L eO{ pxf"sf eQmx¿n] lrtfPsf] k'Unf t < o;tkm{ klg dgg ug{'kg{] ePsf] 5 .

clxn]sf dflg;nfO{ Ps jif{ lat]kl5 d a9]+ eGg] efg eO/x]sf] 5 . To;}n] …x\ofkL ay{ 8]Ú eGg] u5{g\ . 306f, lbg, dlxgf jf jif{ laTg' eg]sf] plt g} p;sf] cfo' 36\g' xf] . cfkm\gf] cfo' 36\bf …x\ofkL ay{ 8]Ú eGg'sf] s] cy{ < lrGtg ug{' h?/L 5 .

hGd, d[To', ;'v, b'Mv, nfe, xflg, ho, ljho cflb ;a} dfgl;s :y"n z/L/sf zfZjt 36gf dfq x'g\ . oL z/L/sf ljleGg 36gfx¿af6 dfly p7]/ ;bf;j{bf cgGt / Ps/;df /xg' z'ehGdf]T;jsf] ;xL cy{ xf] . o:tf] l:ylt k|flKtsf nflu hf]sf]xLn] klg cfkm\gf] hGdf]T;j zf:qLo dof{bfk"j{s dgfpg'kg{] s'/f zf:qdf atfOPsf] kfOG5 .

z'ehGdf]T;jsf lbg laxfg} p7L :gfg, ;GWof, tk{0f ;sL cf–cfkm\gf] k/Dk/fcg';f/ lbof], snz, u0f]zsf] k"hf ug{'k5{ . z'e, sNof0f, cf/f]Uo, ;'v ;DklQ, 1fg, zq'gfzsf nflu aQL afn]/ aQLsf] k"hf u/L k|fy{gf ug{] ljlw 5 . jf:tjdf cfTdfsf] k|tLs g} aflx/L aQL xf] . aflx/ h;/L aQL emnn an]/ rf/}lt/ endn pHofnf] b]lvG5 To;}u/L z/L/leq /x]sf] cfTdf¿kL aQLsf] k|sfzn] OGb|Lox¿ rln/x]5g\ . cfTdf¿kL aQLsf] k|sfzn] rn]sf OGb|Lox¿nfO{ g/fd|f s'/flt/ gnfpg' g} aQL afNg'sf] cy{ xf] . snzdf ljleGg tLy{sf hn / ljleGg b]jtf a:g] x'gfn] To;sf] cleif]saf6 z/L/ z'l4 x'g] x'gfn] snznfO{ k"hf ul/G5 . s'g} klg z'esfo{ lgla{£gk"j{s ;dfKt eO{ l;l4 k|FlKtsf nflu u0f]zsf] k|fy{gf ul/G5 . To;kl5 ci6lr/~hLjL
-cZjTyfdf, aln, Jof;, xg'dfg, ljeLif0f, s[kfrfo{, k/z'/fd / dfs{08]o_ sf] k"hf ul/G5 . oL cf7 hgf Ps sNk -a|x\dfhLsf] @$ 306f, cf7 ca{, k};7\7L s/f]8, axQ/ nfv, cf7 xhf/ jif{_ ;Dd af"Rg] ePsfn] xfd|F] klg To:t} cfo' xf]cf];\ eg]/ hGdf]T;jsf lbgdf pgLx¿nfO{ k"hf ul/G5 . Psflt/ xfdL bL3{hLjg k|FlKtsf nflu hGd lbgdf pgLx¿sf] k"hf u5f{}+, csf{]lt/ cfxf/, ljxf/, ljrf/df Wofg lb+b}gf}+ eg] s;/L xfd|F] cfo' a9\nf < xfd|F] b]zdf ci6rL/~hLjLdWo] xg'dfg dfq x'g'x'G5 . c¿ x'g'x'Gg . ;x/L IF]qdf ci6lr/~hLjLsf] oyfzL3| :yfkgf ug{'k5{ .

xfd|F] cfo' a9\g] k|d'v s'/fdWo] z'4 xfjf xf] . xfjfsf nflu ?v rflxG5 . of] bf]xf]¥ofpg' kg{] s'/f xf]Og . To;}n] hGdlbgdf 3/ / ljBFnodf Pp6f Pp6f ?v /f]Kg' kg{] b]lvG5 . s]6fs]6Lx¿sf bf"t laufg{], ls/f nfUg], rsn]6h:tf ckljq s'/fn] ag]sf s]s / /fuå]if dfq a9fpg] ef]het]/sf] ;§f ;':jf:Yo / bL3{ hLjg k|FKt x'g] kmnkm"nsf ?vla?jfx¿ /f]Kg'kg{] vf"rf] 5 . ljBFnodf af"l8g] / sfl6g] s]sn] nf]esf] dfqf / k|lt:kwf{ ;dfhdf a9]sf] 5 . hGd lbgdf, /fuå]if, nf]e df]x k|lt:kwf{ h:tf b'u{'0fx¿ x6"g\ . Ps jif{leq d}n] h] h:tf] s'sd{ u/]+, cab]lv ug{]5}g egL k|e'sf cufl8 k|lt1f ug{' xfd|f] ;+:s[lt xf] . oL b'u{'0fx¿ a9fpg] / :jf:y v/fa ug{], tyf cNkd[To' x'g] s'/ftkm{ lsg cfslif{t x'g] < o;af6 5'6sf/f kfpg]tkm{ xfdL ;a} nfUg'k5{ .

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kfgL, Uof; / t]n PSsfO;f}" ztfAbLsf ;~hLjgL x'g\ . hut\df oL tLg tŒj dflg;sf nflu hlt cTofjZos 5g\, b'n{e klg Tolt g} 5g\ . To;}n] ljZjsf alnofx¿ / w"t{x¿ kfgL, Uof; / t]ndfly sAhf hdfpg sk6snf / af?bsf] ;xf/fn] dl/d]6]/ nfluk/]sf 5g\ . O/fsdf t]nsf tnfpx¿ 5g\ / g]kfndf kfgLsf d'xfgx¿ . / g} oltv]/ ptf O/fsdf t]nsf tnfpx¿ sAhf ug{ o'4 5]l8Psf] 5, / otf g]kfndf kfgLsf k|jfxx¿ sAhf ug{ o'4 5]l8Psf] 5 . O/fslj/f]wL o'4sf] rl/q xf]— ljWj+z . /, g]kfnlj/f]wL o'4sf] rl/q xf]— lgdf{0f . ptf O/fsdf ;}Go ;+/rgf, oftfoft ;+/rgf / ;~rf/ ;+/rgf Wj:t kfg]{ q"m/ qmL8f ultdfg 5, / otf g]kfndf b;uhfdf af"w lgdf{0f ug]{ l5d]sL–kL8s qmL8f rfn' 5 . oL b'j} o'4sf] lgot alnof / w"t{x¿n] sd alnofx¿dfly wfjf af]n]/ ltgLx¿sf nf;sf rfª / cf";'sf bxdfly cf–cfk\mgf j}ej, ljnf; / cx+sf/sf dxnx¿ v8f ug'{ xf] .

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b; ldg]6 klg laTg kfPsf] lyPg, ef/tsf aGb's] ;Ldf/Ifsx¿sf] bn a'6 7f]Sb} cfOk'Uof] . jftfj/0fdf eo / cftÍ 5fof] . t}klg h] hf"Rg' lyof] Tof] hf"lrof] g} . sfg'g / k|ljlwsf] kl08t eO/xg' kb}{g, dxnL;fu/ af"wdf ef/tn] ul//x]sf] an ldRofO"sf] k|df0f hg;fwf/0fsf cf"vfn] 5n{Ë} b]lvG5 . vfkflagfsf] % u]6 ePsf] elTsPsf] hnåf/ d/Ddt ug]{ axfgfdf vfkf;lxtsf] !% u]6sf] hnåf/ esfes agfO"b} 5 . åf/sf] prfO 5]psf] g]kfnL e"efueGbf cUnf] x'g]jfnf 5 . prfO gflkg] :yfoL ;Í]t 5}g . b]lvhfGg] /}yfg]x¿ eG5g\— af7fx¿ prfO hgfpg] ;Í]t /ftf/ft k]mb}{5g\ . t6aGwdfly df6f] ylk"bf] 5, t6aGwsf] prfO a9\bf] 5 .

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