lrof v]tLsf nflu bz s/f]8 lgsf;f ug{] tof/L
/fi6« a}+ssf] d'gfkmfaf6 bL3{sfnLg shf{ sf]if u7g ul/g]

;'bLk >]i7

sf7df8f}+, !# r}t– lrof v]tLdf emG8} Ps jif{b]lv 7Kk /x]sf] shf{ k|jfx ;'rf¿ ug{ g]kfn /fi6« a}+sn] !) s/f]8 ?k}of" lgisfzg ug]{ tof/L u/]sf] 5 . of] /sd s[lif ljsf; a}+saf6 pknAw u/fOg]5 .

/fi6« a}+s ;|F]tsf cg';f/ u|fdL0f :jfjnDag sf]ifdfkm{t\ klxnf] jif{ pQm /sd lbg nfluPsf] xf] . csf]{ jif{b]lv shf{ k|jfx lgoldt ug{ /fi6« a}+ssf] v'b d'gfkmfaf6 % k|ltzt /sd ToxL sf]ifdf hDdf ub}{ hfg] ;|F]tn] atfof] . ut jif{ a}+ssf] v'b d'gfkmfsf cfwf/df sf]ifdf sl/a !) s/f]8 ?k}of" hDdf x'g] b]lvG5 . v'b d'gfkmf sl/a @ ca{ lyof] .

k|fyldstf IF]qdf bL3{sfnLg shf{ k|jfx ug{ egL v8f ul/g] of] sf]if clxn]nfO{ lrofdf s]lGb|t x'g]5 . …l5§} o;nfO{ lg0f{osf nflu af]8{df nlug]5Ú, ;|F]tn] eGof], …of] /sd pkof]u ubf{ s[lif ljsf; a}+sn] ls;fgsf] lwtf] /fi6« a}+snfO{ x:tfGt/0f u/]/ zf]wegf{ ug'{kg]{5 .Ú

/fi6« a}+s gLltdf ePsf] ;+zf]wgn] k'gs{hf{ ltg'{kg]{ cjlw 5 dlxgfdf emf/]kl5 lrof v]tLdf x'g] shf{ k|jfx 7Kk ePsf] xf] . o;cl3 t/fO{df % / kxf8L If]qsf nflu & jif{sf] u|]; lkl/o8;lxt clwstd !% jif{leq ltg]{ k|fjwfg lyof] . a}+sn] lrof pTkfbs ls;fgnfO{ oxL ;'ljwf lbP/ C0f k|jfx ub}{ cfPsf] lyof] .

gof" k|fjwfgcg';f/ /fi6« a}+snfO{ 5 dlxgfleq k'gs{hf{ ltbf{ s[ifs;"u To;}cg'?k C0f c;'nL ug'{kg]{ ePsfn] gof" shf{ lbg aGb ul/Psf] 5 . lrof v]tLdf klxnf] pTkfbg cfpg % jif{ nfUg] / olt 5f]6f] cjlwdf ls;fg C0f ltg{ g;Sg] ePsfn] shf{ /f]lsPsf] ;Da4 clwsf/L atfp"5g\ . gof" shf{ dfUg]nfO{ dfq /f]Ssf ul/Psf] a}+ssf] C0f ljefu k|d'v k|df]b kf}8]nn] atfpg'eof] . k'/fgf] shf{ k|jfx eg] oyfjt\ /flvPsf] 5 .

/fi6« a}+ssf] pQm gLltn] lrof v]tL ug]{ ls;fg k|efljt ePsf 5g\ . o; cjlwdf ls;fgn] s[lif a}+s;"u dfu]sf] sl/a * s/f]8 ?k}of" C0f :jLs[t ePsf] 5}g . ^% hgfn] C0fsf nflu cfj]bg lbPsf lyP . …o;dWo] tLghgfsf] k|F/lDes sfd ;'? eO/x]sf] lyof], Tof] klg gof" lgod nfu" ePkl5 :jLs[t x'g ;s]gÚ, kf}8]nn] eGg'eof] .

lrof v]tLdf nufgL ug]{ Psdfq s[lif a}+sn] k|To]s jif{ k';b]lv C0fsf nflu cfj]bg dfu ug]{df o; jif{ Tof] klg u/]sf] 5}g . l;+rfO ;'ljwf k'u]sf] hUufdf j}zfv, geP h]7sf] clGtd ;ftf v]tL ;'? x'g] ePsfn] k';df shf{sf nflu cfj]bg dfUg'k5{ .

a}+ssf cg';f/ emfkf, Onfd, kf"ry/, wgs'6f, t]x|y'd nufot IF]qsf ls;fg a9L df/ k/]sf 5g\ . lrof v]tLsf nflu k|jfx x'g] C0f () k|ltzt emfkfdf s]lGb|t 5 . …lrof v]tLk|lt ls;fg lg?T;flxt b]lvPsf 5g\ . xfdL C0f lbg g;Sg], c¿ ;|F]t 5}g, pgLx¿ s;/L v]tL u5{g\Ú, a}+ssf zfvf k|d'v ch'{g yfkfn] eGg'eof] . shf{ /f]lsP/ k/]sf] k|efj ;DaGwdf cWoog ug{ ul7t ;ldltn] o;sf] ;+zf]wg jf lrofsf nflu 5'§} sf]if v8f u/L nufgL ug{ ;'emfj lbPsf] lyof] . cfly{s jif{ @)%(÷^) sf] df}lb|s gLltdf bL3{sfnLg sf]ifsf] sfo{qmd k/]sf] 5 .

s[lif a}+sn] xfn} lrof pTkfbg tyf k|zf]wg ug]{x¿nfO{ 8fs]/ 5nkmn ubf{ shf{ k|jfx /f]lsPsf]df ;a}n] u'gf;f] u/]sf lyP . /fi6« a}+saf6 /sd lgisfzg ePkl5 xfn /f]lsP/ /x]sf ;a} cfj]bgdfly sf/afxL cl3 a9fpg] kf}8]nn] atfpg'eof] . lrof v]tLdf @)%^ b]lv shf{ k|jfx a9]sf] xf] . a}+sn] ut jif{ !( s/f]8 nufgL u/]sf] lyof] . cfp"bf] kf"r jif{sf nflu klg ^% s/f]8 ?k}of" /fi6« a}+s;"u dfu]sf] lyof] .

s[lif a}+sn] lrof v]tLdf nufgL ubf{ g;{/Lsf nflu !) / la?jf /f]Kg !@ k|ltzt Jofh lnG5 . t/, !% jif{leq shf{ r'Qmf u/] x'g] k|fjwfgn] ;du|df of] ;f9] * k|ltztdfq x'G5 . o;afkt\ a}+sn] ;f9] & k|ltzt Aofhb/df /fi6« a}+saf6 k'gs{hf{ kfPsf] lyof] . ls;fgn] % b]lv & jif{;Ddsf] u|]; lkl/o8df Aofh;d]t ltg'{kb}{g .

lrof v]tLdf nufgL ubf{ :jLs[t C0fsf] $) k|ltzt /sd klxnf] jif{ lgisfzg ug]{ k|fjwfg 5 . To;kl5 a;]{lg qmdzM !%, @), !% / !) k|ltzt shf{ kf"r jif{;Dd pknAw u/fOG5 . a}+sn] xfn;Dd *@ s/f]8 ?k}of" lrof v]tLdf nufgL u/]sf] 5 . o;dWo] %@ s/f]8 c;'n ePsf] 5 .

k]6«f]lnod kbfy{sf] d"Noj[l4sf] lj/f]w

sflGtk'/ ;dfrf/bftf

sf7df8f}+, !# r}t– k]6«f]lnod kbfy{sf] d"Noj[l4 ul/Psf]df ljleGg ;+3÷;+:yfn] lj/f]w hgfp"b} o;n] ;j{;fwf/0fnfO{ cfly{s af]em yk]sf] cf/f]k nufPsf 5g\ .

/fli6«o k|hftGq kf6L{n] ;/sf/sf] pQm lg0f{osf] s8f cfnf]rgf u/]sf] 5 . OGwgdf Ps}k6s %) k|ltzteGbf a9L d"Noj[l4 x'g'n] hghLjgnufot l;+uf] cy{tGqnfO{ 7"nf] wSsf nfu]sf] kf6L{åf/f laxLaf/ k|sflzt lj1lKtdf pNn]v 5 . /jLGb|gfy zdf{ / k|sfzrGb| nf]xgLåf/f x:tfIfl/t pQm lj1lKtdf elgPsf] 5, …cGt/f{li6«o d"Nocg';f/ :yfgLo ahf/ ;dfof]hg ug]{ gfddf hgtfsf] ;';"lrt x'g] clwsf/sf] ;/sf/n] pk]Iff u/]sf] 5 .Ú

cfon lgudsf] clgoldttf / e|i6rf/af/] ;/sf/ df}g /x]sf] cf/f]k nufp"b} kf6L{n] lgudsf] jflif{s n]vfk/LIF0f;d]t ug{ g;s]sf] / t]n vl/b k|lqmof uf]Ko /flvPsf]df cfklQ hgfPsf] 5 .

;+o'Qm hgdf]rf{n] OGwgsf] d"Noj[l4 ug]{ lg0f{o hgpQ/bfoL gePsf] cf/f]k nufPsf] 5 . d"Noj[l4 lkmtf{ glnP ;/sf/lj?4 ;+3if{df pqg] hgdf]rf{n] atfPsf] 5 . sDo'lg:6 kf6L{ -Pstfs]Gb|–d;fn_, lzIfs ;+3, /fli6«o lzIfs ;+u7g, 6«]8 o'lgog dxf;+3nufot ;+:yfn] klg 5'§f5'§} lj1lKt k|sflzt u/L d"Noj[l4 lkmtf{ glnP tTsfn cfGbf]ng ug]{ r]tfjgL lbPsf 5g\ .

d"Noj[l4sf sf/0f b}lgs pkef]Uo j:t'sf] efp a9\g] lglZrt ePsfn] sfdbf/ sd{rf/Lsf] tna ;'ljwf j[l4 ug'{kg]{ 6«]8 o'lgog dxf;+3n] hgfPsf] 5 .

g]kfn dhb'/ ls;fg kf6L{, g]skf -dfn]_ k'gu{l7t, k|hftflGqs /fli6«o o'jf ;+3, clvn g]kfn /fli6«o :jtGq ljBfyL{ o'lgog -PsLs[t_, g]kfn ljBfyL{ ;+3, cg]/f:jljo', cg]/f:jljo' -qmflGtsf/L_, g]kfn k|hftlGqs ljBfyL{ o'lgog, g]kfn qmflGtsf/L ljBfyL{ ;+3, :jtGq ljBfyL{ o'lgog, g]kfn sf/vfgf dhb'/ sf+u|];, g]kfn k|hftflGqs 6«]8 o'lgog dxf;+3n] klg ;+o'Qm?kdf jQmJo hf/L u/L d"Noj[l4 tTsfn lkmtf{ lng dfu u/]sf 5g\ .

ptf lhNnfdf klg d"Noj[l4sf] lj/f]w hf/L /x]sf] sflGtk'/ ;dfrf/bftfx¿n] atfPsf 5g\ . hgsk'/l:yt ;dfrf/bftfsf cg';f/ g]skf -Pdfn]_ sf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o /fdrGb| emfn] ;j{;fwf/0fnfO{ s'g} ;'ljwf lbg g;s]sf] ;/sf/n] yk d"Noj[l4sf] df/ kf/]sf] atfpg'eof] . o;}u/L g]kfnL sf+u|]; -k|hftflGqs_ sf lhNnf ;efklt /fd;/f]h ofbjn] k|]; lj1lKt k|sflzt u/L hgtfsf] cfly{s IFdtf Go"g /x]sf] cj:yfdf d"Noj[l4n] emg\ df/ kf/]sf] pNn]v ug'{ePsf] 5 .

x]6f}+8fdf klg rf/ /fhgLlts kf6L{n] d"Noj[l4 lkmtf{ lng dfu u/]sf 5g\ . g]kfnL sf+u|]; -k|hftflGqs_ dsjfgk'/åf/f laxLaf/ cfof]lht ;j{bnLo a}7sn] pQm lg0f{o u/]sf] :yfgLo sflGtk'/ ;dfrf/bftfn] atfPsf] 5 .

a'6jndf d"Noj[l4nuQ} xf]6n tyf /]i6'/]G6 Joj;foL ;+3n] vfgf tyf /]i6'/]G6 kl/sf/df %) k|ltzt d"Noj[l4 u/]sf] 5 . lrof / skmLsf] d"Nodf zt\k|ltzt j[l4 ul/Psf] 5 . kfNkfdf klg hLk, a; h:tf ;jf/L ;fwgn] hyfefjL ef8f c;'Ng yfn]sf 5g\ . klZrd g]kfn a; Joj;foL ;ldlt kfNkf zfvfn] a'waf/ # ah]b]lv x/]s ?6df #) k|ltzt d"Noj[l4 u/]sf] 5 . b}n]vdf klg ofq'jfxs a;sf] ef8f %) k|ltzt j[l4 ul/Psf] :yfgLo ;dfrf/bftfn] hgfPsf] 5 .

af/f cd[tu~h– # l:yt rGb]Zj/L cfon :6f];{n] k'/fgf] b/df dl§t]n glbPkl5 :yfgLo afl;Gbfn] cfqmf]lzt x'"b} 8«d dl§t]n kf]lvlbPsf] ;dfrf/bftfn] atfPsf] 5 . d+unaf/ uflj;af6 s'kg lnP/ uPsf @% pkef]QmfnfO{ kDkn] dl§t]n lbg gdfg]kl5 of] 36gf ePsf] xf] . sn}ofdf laxLaf/ g]skf -Pdfn]_ n] lj/f]w h'n'; / sf]0f ;ef;d]t cfof]hgf u/]sf 5g\ .

bdf}nLl:yt pkef]Qmf d~rn] d"Noj[l4 lj/f]wdf lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{nodfkm{t\ laxLsf/ dlGqkl/ifb\ ;lrjfnonfO{ lj/f]wkq k7fPsf] 5 . d~rsf cWoIF /fdrGb| Gof}kfg]åf/f x:tfIfl/t pQm lj/f]wkqdf d"Noj[l4sf] k|efj oftfoft ef8f, 9'jfgL ef8fdf kg]{ ePsfn] ;j{;fwf/0f dsf{df k/]sf] pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .

km'ªlnªsf ;dfrf/bftf cg';f/ oxf" a;]sf] ;j{bnLo e]nfn] d"Noj[l4sf] lg0f{o lkmtf{ lng k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/Ldfkm{t\ ;/sf/;"u dfu u/]sf] 5 .

;'g;/Ll:yt ;dfrf/bftfn] k]6«f]lnod kbfy{df ul/Psf] d"Noj[l4sf] lj/f]wdf laxLaf/ Ps 3G6f rSsfhfd / ¥ofnL k|bz{g ul/Psf] 5 . ;'g;/L ax'd'vL SofDk; cg]/f:jljo' OsfOsf ljBfyL{n] Og?jf a;kfs{af6 ¥ofnL lgsfn]sf lyP .

stf/ Po/j]hn] sf7df8f}+–SjfnfnDk'/ ;Lwf p8fg eg]{

sf7df8f}+, !# r}t -sf;_– stf/ Po/j]hn] a'waf/b]lv sf7df8f}+b]lv dn]l;ofsf] /fhwfgL SjfnfnDk'/ ;Lwf p8fg ;'? ug]{ ePsf] 5 . g]kfnL sfdbf/sf] cfsif{0fsf ?kdf ljsl;t eO/x]sf] dn]l;ofdf ;ftfsf] b'O{ p8fg ;~rfng ug]{ hfgsf/L stf/ Po/j]hsf g]kfn k|aGws Uofg cd/fl;+3]n] lbg'eof] .

laxLaf/ cfof]lht kqsf/ ;Dd]ngdf pxf"n] g]kfnL sfdbf/dfq geP/ ko{6s cfudgsf b[li6n] ;d]t ;DefJo ahf/ ePsfn] p8fg ;'? ug{ nfluPsf] atfpg'eof] . pQm sDkgLsf] k|d'v sfo{sf/L csa/ cn afs/n] stf/sf] bf]xfdf laxLaf/ g} of] 3f]if0ff ul/;s]sf] hfgsf/L klg sfo{qmddf lbOPsf] lyof] .

o;afx]s stf/ Po/j]hn] sf7df8f}+–bf]xf ;]S6/df ;ftfsf] @ p8fg yk]/ ( k'¥ofpg] hfgsf/L klg sfo{qmddf lbOof] . ;/sf/n] SjfnfnDk'/ tyf bf]xf ;]S6/sf] yk p8fg zfxL g]kfn jfo' ;]jf lgud;"u …sf]6 z]o/Ú sf cfwf/df ;~rfng ug{ :jLs[lt lbPsf] xf] . lgudn] klg ;f]daf/b]lv ;ftfsf] b'O{ kN6 sf7df8f}–l;+ufk'/–SjfnfnDk'/ p8fg ;'? ug]{ 3f]if0ff ul/;s]sf] 5 .

cd/fl;+3n] Pp6} ;]S6/df ;'? ul/Psfn] lgud;"u ldn]/ cl3 a9\g tof/ /x]sf] atfpg'eof] . …cf/PgP;L;"u k|lt:kwf{ ug]{ ljrf/ xfd|f] x}g,Ú pxf"n] eGg'eof]– ldn]/ cl3 a9\g] af/]df s'/fsfgL eO/x]sf] 5 .Ú

sfo{qmddf stf/ Po/j]hsf lhP;P ho b]jfgn] SjfnfnDk'/ p8fgaf6 ko{6s cfudgdf of]ubfg k'Ug] ljZjf; JoQm ug'{eof] . g]kfn P;f]l;P;g ckm 6«fen Ph]G6\; -gf6f_ sf cWoIf ;d]t /x]sf b]jfgn] g]kfn k|j4{g u/]/ ofq' ;+Vof a9fpg] ePsfn] yk p8fg ;xof]uL x'g] atfpg'eof] . …Pl;of tyf o'/f]kaf6 p8fgsf nflu ;Dks{ s]Gb|sf ?kdf ljsf; x"'b} u/]sf] SjfnfnDk'/af6 ko{6s ;+Vof a9fpg] k|of; x'g] 5Ú pxf"n] eGg'eof] .

x/]s cfOtaf/ / a'waf/ p8fg ;~rfng x'g] hfgsf/L lb+b} k|ltofq' PstkmL{ ef8f @ ;o #% cd]l/sL 8n/ -!* xhf/ # ;o #) ?k}of"_ x'g] atfOPsf] 5 . ;+;f/sf #( uGtAodf p8fg ;~rfng ul//x]sf] stf/ Po/j]hn] ;g\ @))# leq of] ;+Vof %) k'¥ofpg] nIo /fv]sf] atfOPsf] 5 .