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;+j}wflgs ;jf]{Rrtf ePsf] /fHosf] csf{] c· /fhfn] sfo{sf/L clwsf/ x:tut ul/;s]kl5 Gofokflnsf klg sdhf]/ / lg/Lx b]lvPsf] 5. ;+ljwfgsf] clGtd JofVoftfsf] k|flwsf/ k|fKt ;+:yf Gofokflnsf ;+ljwfgsf] k|:tfjgf / efjgfljk/Lt sfo{x¿ eO/x“bf klg sfg'gL /fHo / ;+j}wflgs ;jf]{Rrtf ePsf] d'n'sdf nfrf/ 5fof“h:tf] df}g /xg'kg]{ cj:yfsf] l;h{gf x'g'h:tf] b'ef{Uok"0f{ l:ylt c¿ s] x'g;S5 < eg] /fhfsf] lzv08L ePsf] rGb ;/sf/h:tf] sfo{kflnsfsf] af/]df t ax; ug]{ k|Zg} ePg. o:tf] /fhgLlts / ;+j}wflgs ;+s6n] l;h{gf u/]sf] åGå / ljjfbn] /fi6« /fhgLlts¿kdf ljeflht 5. /fHosf j}wflgs / k|hftflGqs ;+:yfx¿ sdhf]/, lgik|f0f / cl:tTjljxLg 5g\\. jx'bnLo k|hftflGqs Joj:yfdf hgtfsf] k|ltlglwTj ug]{ /fhgLlts ;+:yf– /fhgLlts kf6L{x¿sf] e"ldsf ;dfKtk|foM ul/Psf] 5. /, g]kfnL hgtfsf] /fhgLlt, /fhgLlts ;+:yf / /fhgLlts kf6L{x¿k|ltsf] cf:yf / ljZjf; vl08t ePsf] 5.

k|hftGq k'gM:yfkgfkZrft ;Qfdf k'u]sf /fhgLlts kf6L{x¿sf] cb"/bzL{ cly{s gLlt / /fHo;“u ljb|f]x u/]sf elgPsf sDo'lgi6 kf6L{ dfcf]jfbLsf] ef}lts ljsf; / ;+/rgfk|ltsf] ljWj+;sf/L gLltsf] sf/0fn] /fli6«o cy{tGq w/fzoL eO;s]sf] 5. g]kfnL ;dfhdf ;f+:s[lts ;+qmd0f / cltqmd0f b|'t ultdf cufl8 al9/x]sf] b]lvG5. /, k/Dk/fut¿kdf klg zfGt, ;lxi0f' / efjgfTds Pstfsf] df}lns ljlzi6tf sfod u/]sf] g]kfnL ;dfhdf lx+;f, cft+s, k|ltzf]w / åGåsf] cfuf] km}nfO“b}5. a'4sf b]zsf zflGtsfdL hgtfaLrsf] lx+;f, k|ltlx+;f / ;fdflhs c;lxi0f'tfn] g]kfnL ;dfh ;dfhzf:qsf] zAbdf eGg'kbf{ ;fdflhs lj36gtkm{ pGd'v x“'b}5. oBlk ljutdf ;+ljwfg / /fhgLlts kf6L{x¿nufot /fHosf c¿ ;+:yf / lgsfox¿ sdhf]/ eP tfklg g]kfnsf] k/Dk/fut /fhgLlts ;+:yf–/fh;+:yf ;fk]lIfs¿kdf alnof] lyof]. /, /fHo;“u zf;sx¿sf] /fhgLlts cl:tTj uf“l;Psfn] ef}uf]lns¿kdf g]kfnsf] ;fj{ef}lds cl:tTj sfod} lyof].

t/, ljZjs} ;Qf /fhgLltsf] qm'/ Oltxf;df ;d]t lj/n} kfOg] / ljof]ufGt gf6\Ø;d|f6 ljlnod ;]S;lko/n] ;d]t sNkgf gu/]sf] csNkgLo, /x:odo / sf?l0fs xTofsf08df k|hftGqk|]dL /fhf >L % jL/]Gb|sf] j+zh g} ;dfKt ePkl5 jt{dfg dxf/fhflw/fhk|lt hgtfsf] cf:yf k'gM:yflkt geO;s]sf] sf/0fn] clxn] /fh;+:yf klg /fh;+:yfsf] Oltxf;df g} ;a}eGbf sdhf]/ ePsf] 5. oBlk hglgjf{lrt ;/sf/nfO{ lj36g u/L sfo{sf/L clwsf/ dxf/fhflw/fh :jo+n] u|x0f u/]kl5 k|fljlws¿kdf zlQmzfnL b]lvP tfklg >L % 1fg]Gb| dxf/fhflw/fh eO;s]kl5sf ljjfbf:kb sfo{z}nL pQm sdhf]/Lsf] sf/s /x]sf] b]lvG5. /fHo eg]sf] s]jn Oltxf;, e"uf]n / efjgf dfq} xf]Og. k[YjLsf] s'g} klg e"uf]n /fHosf ¿kdf :yflkt x'g /fhgLltzf:qsf] kl/efiffcg';f/ Joj:yflksf, Gofokflnsf, sfo{kflnsf, ;+j}wflgs ;+:yfh:tf /fHosf ;fj{ef}d ;+:yfx¿ ;+:yfut cl:tTjdf sfod /xL :jtGqk"j{s lqmofzLn x'g'k5{. /, /fHosf oL c·x¿n] ;fj{ef}lds :jtGqtf, hgtfsf] clwsf/ / /fli6«o cv08tfsf] /Iff ug'{k5{. ta dfq /fi6«sf] ¿kdf /fHosf] cl:tTj /xG5.

t/, clxn] g]kfndf /fHosf c·x¿ ;a} sdhf]/, cl:tTjljxLg / lgik|f0fk|foM eO;s]sf 5g\. /fhgLlts¿kdf g]kfn P]ltxfl;s sfnv08b]lv cf}klgj]lzs lyof] g} b'Mvsf ;fy eGg'k5{ ca t cfly{s / ;f+:s[lts¿kdf klg cf}klgj]lzs eO;s]sf] 5. To;}n] o;/L /fhgLlts / cfly{s cf}klgj]lzstf, /fHosf ;Dk"0f{ ;+:yf / ;+ljwfg sdhf]/, /fhgLlts kf6L{x¿ e"ldsfljxLg, lx+;f, k|ltlx+;f / ;fdflhs c;lxi0f'tfn] g]kfnL ;dfh ljeflht ePsf] tYof°n] /fHo dfq} sdhf]/ ePsf] 5}g, clxn] g]kfnsf] /fli6«otf;d]t sdhf]/ ePsf] 5. o;/L /fhgLlts / cfly{s¿kdf cf}klgj]lzs ePsf] / /fli6«otf klg sdhf]/ ePsf] /fHosf] lgolt slt b'bf{Gt / b'?x xf]nf < Oltxf;df eP klg eljiodf /fHosf] cl:tTj sfod /xnf ls g/xnf < /fhgLlts / cfly{s cf}klgj]lzstfsf] k|ltbfgdf g]kfnL hgtfn] ;fj{ef}ldstf r'Qmf ug'{knf{ ls gknf{ < olb g]kfnL zf;sx¿sf] ;Demf}tf / cfTd;dk{0faf6 /fHosf] ¿kdf lg/Gt/tf kfP klg c3f]lift cf}klgj]lzstfn] hgtfsf] lgolt slt bf?0f / sf?l0fs x'G5 < eGg] t:jL/sf] lrq0f x'cf“ lnGh / cNk|m]8 l:6kmgn] k|hftGqsf] ;'b[9Ls/0f cyjf gfzsf] /fhgLlts snf M o'/f]kLo / blIf0f cd]l/sL t'ngfx¿ eGg] cg';Gwfgd"ns s[ltdf lrq0f u/]sf 5g\. oBlk /fHosf] ;fj{ef}ldstf;“u hf]l8Psf o:tf oIf k|Zgx¿ s]jn /fhgLlts ax; / af}l4s ljnfl;tfsf ljifox¿ xf]Ogg\, /fHosf] cl:tTj / g]kfnL hgtfsf] ;fj{ef}ldstf;“u hf]l8Psf uDeL/ / ;+j]bgzLn k|Zgx¿ x'g\.

To;}n] clxn] g]kfnL /fhgLltdf JofKt cf/f]k–k|Tof/f]k, cfTdUnfgL / cfTdj~rgf jf cfTdZnf3fsf] ;do xf]Og, of] t cfTdd"Nof°g, cfTdfcfnf]rgf / P]ltxfl;s k/LIffsf] 38L xf]. /fHosf] k|hftfGqLs/0f, cfly{s–;fdflhs ¿kfGt/0fsf sfo{;"rL / hgtfsf clwsf/nfO{ ;+:yfut u/]sf] ;+ljwfgsf] ;+/If0f ub{} hgtfnfO{ yk clwsf/;DkGg s;/L agfpg ;lsG5 < eGg] ax;sf] lg?k0f ug'{kg]{ P]ltxfl;s 38L xf]. PSsfO;f}+ ztfAbLh:tf] ljrf/ :jtGqtf, dfgjclwsf/ / v'nf cy{tGqsf] o'udf ljZjsf] ;jf]{Ts[i6 /fhgLlts Joj:yf :yfkgf ePsf] Ps bzsdf g} g]kfn s;/L /fhgLlts, cfly{s ;+s6df km:g k'Uof], s;/L zflGtsfdL g]kfnL ;dfhdf lx+;f, k|ltlx+;f / åGåsf] cfuf] km}lng k'Uof] / g]kfnL hgtf aGb's p7fpg ljjz eP < o:tf /fhgLlts ax; / hl6ntfx¿sf] lg?k0f gu/L g]kfnsf] /fhgLlts ;+s6sf] lgsf; ;Dej 5}g / /fhgLlts kl/jt{gkl5 /fHonfO{ k|hftfGqLs/0f u/L cfly{s–;fdflhs ¿kfGt/0f gu/]sf sf/0fn] d'n's o:tf] uDeL/ /fhgLlts ;+s6tkm{ pGd'v ePsf] jf:tljstfnfO{ ;+;bLo d"nk|jfxsf /fhgLlts kf6L{x¿n] cfTd;ft gu/L d'n'ssf] ;+s6sf] bL3{sfnLg lgsf; ;Dej 5}g.

dfcf]jfbLsf] ;z:q ;+3if{nfO{ /fhgLlts b[li6sf]0fsf] cfwf/df h;n] h'g zAbfjnLn] ;Daf]wg u/] klg jf:tjdf of] /fhgLlts kf6L{x¿sf] oyfl:yltjfbL lrGtg, c4{cf}klgj]lzs / ;fdGtL cy{tGq, ;Qfsf nflu ljb]zL zlQm s]Gb|x¿;“u ul/g] cfTd;dk{0fjfbL gLltn] g]kfnsf] /fli6«o cl:tTjdfly v8f ePsf] k|Zglr˜gsf] lj?4df p7fPsf] ;zQm cfjfhsf] k|ltWjlg dfq} xf]. hgtf k|ultzLn /fhgLlt, cu|ufdL /fhgLlts lgsf; / /fli6«o :jfwLgtf sfod /fVg] cy{gLlt / hgd'vL /fhgLlts Joj:yfsf] kIfdf 5g\. clxn]sf] ljjfb eg]sf] u0ftGq jf ;lqmo /fhtGq, /fhfjfbL jf dfcf]jfbLaLrsf] dfq} xf]Og. k|Zg g]kfnsf] ;fj{ef}ldstf, hgtfsf] ;fj{ef}d;Qf, g]kfnsf] Oltxf;df klxnf]kN6 hgtfsf] clwsf/ ;+:yfut u/]sf] g]kfn clw/fHosf] ;+ljwfg / ax'bnLo k|hftflGqs Joj:yfsf] cl:tTj / ;+/If0fsf] xf]. olb o;sf] lj?4df s'g} zlQm;“u ;Demf}tf u/L s;}n] zf;g u5{' eGg] ;kgf b]v]sf] 5 eg] >L kz'kltgfyn] bof u/L pgLx¿nfO{ ;b\a'l4 k|bfg u¿g\, pgLx¿sf] ceLi6 slxNo} k"/f x'g] 5}g. xf]Og eg] hd{g slj jtf]{N8 a|]Vtn] eg]h:t} cf:yfsf] Jofkf/n] ;Qf t lsGg ;lsPnf t/ /fHosf] ;fj{ef}ldstf eg] lkmtf{ kfOg] 5}g.

s}+rL

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b'lgof“n] hfg]sf] 5, g]kfn ;u/dfyf / a'4sf] b]z xf].

csf]{ dxfgtd s'/f] klg ghfgL ePs} 5}g. g]kfndf s}+rL Joj;fon] ;bf ;kmntf kfPsf] 5. s}+rL kmn]km'n]sf] 5, pGglto'Qm ePsf] 5 / clt g} k|Voft klg eO/x]sf] 5. s}+rL t hLjgz}nL eO/x]sf] 5 g]kfnsf].

:jo+l;4 tYocg';f/, g]kfnsf] hLjgz}nL s}+rL ePkl5 g]kfnLx¿ :jtM s}+rLeQm x'g] g} eP.

a'‰g'eof] xf]nf– s}+rLsf] dxfTDo slt /x]5.

JolQmlkR5] s}+rL afgL–Joxf]/f ePkl5 ltg} sfo{stf{åf/f ;~rflnt kf6L{x¿ s}+rLaf6 d'Qm x'g] t s'/} ePg. s}+rLn] ;a}nfO{ a/fa/L agfO5f8]sf] 5 cr]n.

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afn'jf rfNg]n] bfp/f lrg]{nfO{ ‘of] sfd t ufx|f] 5, a? au/sf] afn'jf rfNbf ;'g kfOG5 / wgL x'G5’ eg]/ s}+rL rnfof]. ;fu /f]Kg]n] b"w a]Rg]nfO{ ‘of] emGeml6nf] sfdeGbf t bxL a]Rg' kmfObf’ eg]/ s}+rL rnfof].

o:tf lemgfdl;gf s}+rLsf k|xf/ ug]{ u5{g\ g]kfnLx¿. /, hLt eOxfNg] yk wfl/nf] s}+rL rnfpg] ;kgf t'Gg sl;OxfN5g\.

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ef/åfhsf 6f]ndf Ps 8fS6/ bfh'efOsf] kl/jf/ 5. pgLx¿ cf?gf] Joj;fo kmnfpg–km'nfpg efOn] kfP bfh'nfO{ / bfh'n] kfP efOnfO{ cg]s cf/f]k nufpg h'6\5g\.

la/fdL k/]kl5 ef/åfhr}+ bfh'sf] lSnlgsdf uP/ eGof]– ‘efO 8fS6/n] lbPsf] cf]vtLn] sfd} u/]g.’

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emG8} Ps dlxgfcl3 of]eGbf kf“8] cf/f]k efO 8fS6/n] bfO 8fS6/dfly nufPy]– ‘To;sf] ;l6{lkms]6} gSsnL xf] lg / la;]{/ klg Tof] lSnlgsdf kfOnf gxfNg' xf]nf /’

o:tf l5s]{ / s}+rL v]nsf pbfx/0f w]/} 5g\. ef/åfh jfSs, AofSs / lbSs} eO;Sof] o:tf tfgftfg / xfgfxfgsf v]nsf] bz{s eP/.

k|hftGqsf] c·–c·df cEof; ug]{ rfg; kfPsf] a]nfdf /fhgLltaf/] Ps–b'O{ s'/f /flvPg eg] of] n]vf]6 ;f]x|}cfgf kq' x'G5.

s}+rL sf/vfgf vf]Ng] xfd|F kf6L{df kf6L{let/ / kf6L{Ot/ l5s]{ v]nf8Lsf] pTkfbg x/]s lbgh;f] eO/x]sf] x'G5. Pdfn]df df}sf kfp“bf cf]nLn] g]kfn sfG5fnfO{ sGr6df xflgxfN5g\. g]kfn klg cf?gf gGbL–e[·L nufP/ cf]nLnfO{ e8\vfnfdf hfSg s}+rL ltvfl/xfN5g\.

otf sf+u|];Lhgsf] slt syf sx'“ /

;a} l5lrld/f ldn]/ b]pjfnfO{ ;GsfP / sf]O/fnfnfO{ cGttM ;efkltd} yGsfP. s}+rLsf] s/fdt slt pRr /

l5s]{ xfGg dhlQsf] rf0fSo sf] xf]nf eGy] sfG5f sf]O/fnf– cflv/df b]pjfsf] d6Øfª\u|Fn] yn} k/].

v]ndf em]n ug{ afgL k/]sf yfkf / rGbsf] s}+rL rnfO klg sf“’sf] nt{/f] x'g' < cfhef]ln ;fd;'d b]lvP lg’ leq–leq a}zfvL v':sfpg] u|FOG8 l8hfOg x'“b}5 eGg] ufO“u'O“ ef/åfhn] ;'g]s} xf].

otf, yf]/} nfnLkk vfP/ eP lg cfPsf h+unsf aGb's] sfhLx¿ lg s}+rL sd{df nflu;s]sf] a]nfavtf“ xfjfn] p8fP/} lnP/ cfO/x]5. d]rdf a:g], ;efdf a:g] / ;/sf/df a:g] lv“rnf] 5– hgtf / b]znfO{ ;kgfljkgfdf ;d]t ;Dem]/ s/fp“b} lx“8\g] g]tfu0f vf;v'; u5{g\.

s}+rLn] 3/–3/df dfG5]nfO{ ;fx|} ;'of]Uo agfp“5. 6f]n–6f]ndf ;dfhnfO{ ;fx|} h'emf¿ agfp“5. s}+rLn] dfgl;s pTkft u/fO/fV5.

of] s}+rLsf] nLnf ck/Dkf/ 5. s}+rLsf] pkof]lutf clt w]/} ePsfn] o;sf] u'0fufg u/fpg xfd|f ljåfg\ dxf]box¿ kf7Øk':tsdf ;dfj]z u/fO{ nfe lng h'6\t}5g\ /] / of] PSsfO;f}+ ztfAbLsf] g]kfnLsf] lglDt clt xlif{t s'/f] xf], ;Gb]z xf] / va/ xf].

ef/åfh laGtL u5{– 3/3/sf leQfdf s}+rL eujfg\sf] t:jL/ ;a} g]kfnLn] 6f“;"g\.

åGådf cflbjf;L÷hghfltsf] ;+Ungtf

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xfn d'n'sdf vf;u/L tLgj6f zlQmx¿sf] aLrdf åGå 5– sfo{sf/L clwsf/;lxtsf] /fhtGq, ;+;b\jfbL /fhgLlts kf6L{x¿ / o'4lj/fd u/]sf] dfcf]jfbL ljb|f]xL. z]/axfb'/ b]pjf cfdlgjf{rg / :yfgLo lgjf{rg dfq geO{ /fi6« / hgtfsf ;fd' cfOk/]sf] ;d:of ;dfwfg ug{ c;kmn ePkl5 cIfd k|wfgdGqL / ;+;b\jfbL kf6L{x¿n] /fhfnfO{ lg0f{o ug{ jftfj/0f l;h{gf ul/Pkl5 /fhgLlts kf6L{x¿ kfvf nfUg k'u]sf 5g\. d'n'sdf rn]sf] of] lqkIfLo zlQmåGådf cflbjf;L÷hghfltx¿sf] e"ldsf s] /xg] < hghfltx¿sf nflu of] dxTjk"0f{ ;/f]sf/ / lrGtfsf] ljifo aGg uPsf] 5. t;y{ klg hghfltx¿  cf–cf?gf] 7fp“af6 lqmofzLn 5g\.

ptf /fhgLlts kf6L{x¿, /fhf / ;/sf/ Pj+ dfcf]jfbL kIf cf–cf?g} 9·sf] /fhgLlts ljZn]if0f, hf]8–36fp tyf ;dLs/0fdf nfluk/]sf 5g\. o; ;Gbe{df ;lbof}+b]lv clehft ju{sf] /fHo / ltgsf :jfy{cg'¿k ag]sf sfg'g / gLltx¿af6 zf]if0f, bdg / pTkL8g ;x“b} cfPsf cflbjf;L÷hghfltx¿ / ltgsf ;+3–;+u7gx¿ klg cf?gf] hftLo klxrfg, ;+:s[lt, efiff, wd{, k/Dk/f, cfly{s–z}lIfs clwsf/x¿ / d"No–dfGotfx¿ clxn]sf] ;+qmd0fsfnLg /fhgLlts kl/l:yltsf] ;]/f]km]/f]df a9L :yflkt / ;+j}wflgs¿kn] k|Tofe"t ul/g'kg]{ dfusf ;fy ;r]tgtfk"j{s k|:t't x'g yfn]sf 5g\. o; ;jfndf cflbjf;L / hghflt;“u ;DalGwt ljljw  ;+3–;+u7gx¿dWo] clvn g]kfn hghflt ;+3nufotsf y'k|}n] ;+o'Qm¿kdf cGt/lqmof sfo{qmd, k|rjg, uf]i7L cflbdfkm{t ;/sf/–dfcf]jfbLaLr x'g] elgPsf] zflGtjftf{ l56f] / kf/bzL{ 9·n] xf];\ eg]/ cfjfh p7fO/x]sf 5g\. dfcf]jfbL kIfaf6 k|:tfljt ;j{kIfLo uf]nd]r ;Dd]ng, cGtl/d ;/sf/ jf ;+ljwfg;efsf] r'gfjsf ;Gbe{df klg cf?gf] xslxtsf 7f]; ;+j}wflgs Ph]G8fx¿af/] klg 5nkmn cufl8 a9fO/x]sf 5g\.

d'VotM ;+;b\jfbL kf6L{x¿df g]kfnL sf+u|];, Pdfn] / /fk|kfn] cflbjf;L÷hghfltx¿sf] ljZjf; u'dfO;s]sf 5g\. oL kf6L{x¿ hghfltx¿ s]xL xf]Ogg\ / logLx¿af6 s]xL x'“b}g eGg] efjgfn] u|l;t 5g\. logLx¿ hghfltx¿nfO{ hftLo clwsf/ lbg'k5{ eGg] kIfdf 5}gg\. jf:tjd} eGg] xf] eg] clxn] d'n'sdf ljBdfg /fhgLlts kf6L{x¿df g]skf dfn] -k'gu{l7t_, g]skf -Pstf–s]Gb|_ d;fn cflbsf] hghfltx¿k|ltsf] b[li6sf]0f :ki6 5. logLx¿ hghfltx¿n] cf–cf?gf] ax'n If]qdf :yfgLo¿kdf hftLo :jfoQtf kfpg'k5{ eGg] kIfdf /x]sf 5g\. cem g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_n] t cflbjf;L hghfltx¿nfO{ hgo'4df clws pkof]u klg u/]sf] 5 eg] l;4fGt / ;+u7gsf] af/]df plQs} ;'ema'em u/fO{ cl3 a9fOPsf] 5. g]kfnL sf+u|]; / /fk|kf lxGb" clw/fHosf] ;dy{s ePsf] gftfn] / Pdfn] sDo'lgi6sf] gfp“df oyfl:yltjfbL rl/q af]s]sf] / ax'bnLo hgjfbsf] gfddf sf+u|];sf] k'R5/ eP/ ljutsf] bzs latfPsf] sf/0f klg cflbjf;L÷hghfltx¿n] oL kf6L{x¿af6 s'g} cfzf u/]sf] b]lv“b}g. wd{ lg/k]Iftf, hftLo :jzf;g / eflifs ;dfgtfsf Ph]G8fx¿df oL /fhgLlts kf6L{x¿n] gsf/fTds e"ldsf v]ln/x]sf 5g\.

;+;bLo k|0ffnLdf cflbjf;L÷hghfltn] v]Ng] e"ldsf eg]sf] ljleGg /fhgLlts kf6L{x¿df hghfltsf d'2fnfO{ ;xL w/ftndf p7fpg nufpg] / gLlt–lgdf{0f Pj+ To;sf] sfof{Gjogdf cfjZos bafa l;h{gf ub}{ cl3 a9\g] xf]. t/, k|d'v s'/f cflbjf;L÷hghfltsf d"ne"t d'2fx¿ s]–s] x'g\ < To;df k|ltkmn k|fKt ug{ v]Ng'kg]{ /0fgLlts e"ldsfx¿ s]–s:tf x'g] eGg] ljifodf ;a}eGbf klxn] :ki6 sfo{qmd cufl8 a9fpg' cfjZos 5. o;f] ubf{ oxf“ Pp6f ;d:of v8f x'g;S5. ljleGg ;+3–;+u7g / /fhgLlts kf6L{;“u cfa4 hghfltaLr dt}Sotf cem} klg x'g;s]sf] 5}g. o;n] ubf{ ;femf sfo{qmdsf] s'/f p7fP klg= s]xL ;jfndf Pstf sfod eP klg sltko d"ne"t ;jfndf g} a]d]n / cndn b]lvPsf] 5 hghflt ;+3–;+u7gx¿. g]kfn clw/fHosf] ;+ljwfg @)$& sf] lgdf{0f ljlw, To;n] u/]sf] Joj:yf clg ;+ljwfgn] b]zsf hflt, cflbjf;L÷hghfltx¿sf] efjgf / dd{nfO{ ;d]6\g g;s]sf] cj:yf, To;dfly x'“b} cfPsf] cltqmd0fn] ca pQm ;+ljwfgdf s]xL ;'wf/ u/]/ dfq b]zsf] cfly{s, /fhgLlts, ;fdflhs, ;f+:s[lts, lj;+ult, ljs[lt tyf To;sf] cfwf/df pTkGg ePsf] ljifd kl/l:ylt / dfcf]jfbL ;d:of Pj+ hgo'4sf] gfddf ePsf xTof, lx+;f, k|ltlx+;f, cft°k"0f{ jftfj/0faf6 lgsf; lbg ;Sb}g.

o'4lj/fdkl5 clxn] lqkIFLo åGå cyf{t\ ;z:q d'7e]8sf] l:yltaf6 d'n'sn] yf]/} zflGtsf] ;f; km]g{ kfPsf] 5. oBlk ;d:of uDeL/ k|s[ltsf] 5, o;nfO{ s;/L ;dfof]hg ug]{ eGg] ;jfndf ;a}sf] Wofg hfg' cToGt} cfjZos 5. To:tf] uDeL/ ;jfndf d'n'ssf] lhDd]jf/ kIF Pj+ /fhgLlts bnx¿n] jf:tf u/]gg\ eg] zflGtjftf{sf] kl/0ffd cfd g]kfnL gful/ssf] lxtcg's"n x'G5 eGg] s'/fdf k|z:t z+sf ug]{ 7fp“x¿ b]vf kl//x]sf 5g\. To;}n] To;f] gxf];\ eGgfsf vflt/ ;Dk"0f{ txsf ;r]t gful/sx¿n]  cf–cf?gf] IF]qaf6 hgbafa l;h{gf ub}{ kl/0ffdd'vL jftf{sf lglDt cfjZos kx/]bf/Lsf] sfd ug'{ h?/L 5.

cfhsf] cj:yfdf pu|jfdkGyL e8\sfjdf km;]sf ljb|F]xL dfcf]jfbL kIfn] ‘o'4lj/fd’ u/]/ jftf{ k|lqmof cufl8 a9]sf] 3f]if0ff u/]sf 5g\. o:tf] sl7g 38Ldf jftf{ u/]/ ;d:ofsf] ;xL ;dfwfg vf]Hg' /fd|F] xf]. To;}n] o; k|lqmofnfO{ ;a} kIfn] ;3fp k'¥ofpg' plrt x'g]5. t/, k|ltufdL zlQmx¿n] jftf{nfO{ cf?gf] :jfy{cg's"nsf p2]Zo k"/f ug{ e/k"/ k|oTgdf nflu/x]sf 5g\. ltgsf hglj/f]wL if8\oGqnfO{ rsgfr"/ kfb}{ jftf{nfO{ kl/0ffdd'vL agfpg s] dlxnf, s] dhb'/, s] a'l4hLjL, s] Jofkf/L, s] hghflt, s] dfgjclwsf/jfbL tyf cGo /fhgLlts ;+3–;+u7gx¿n] jftf{sf] kIfdf jf d'n'sdf zflGtk"0f{ jftfj/0fsf] :yfkgfy{ cf–cf?gf] 9·n] kxn ul//x]sf 5g\. of] :jfutof]Uo s'/f xf]. t/, ;/sf/L kIfn] eg] jftf{sf] cfrf/;+lxtf nfu" eO;Sbf klg ljleGg axfgfdf ljb|f]xL dfcf]jfbL kIFnfO{ kqmg] / eGg] ul//x]sf] 5. o;n] ubf{ jftf{sf] jftfj/0f vnaNofpg] sfo{df ;/sf/ g} nfu]sf] xf] ls eGg ufx|f] 5}g. olb ;/sf/L /a}of o:t} /˜of] eg] jftf{ gef“l8Pnf eGg ;lsGg. o;sf/0f klg lbuf] zflGtsf nflu jftf{ k|lqmofnfO{ nDAofpg'eGbf rf“8f] cufl8 a9fpg' g} ;dosf] dfu xf].

To:t} ljb]zL zlQmx¿ vf;u/L cd]l/sL ;fd|fHojfb / ef/tLo lj:tf/jfb klg of] jftf{nfO{ cf?gf] :jfy{ k"/f ug{]tkm{ s]lGb|t eO/x]sf 5g\. oL ;a}vfn] ;Defjgfx¿pk/ Wofg s]lGb|t u/L rf}sf]z x'“b} jftf{nfO{ b]z / hgtfsf] kIfdf lxt x'g]tkm{ clws k|of]u ub}{ ;kmntftkm{ cufl8 a9fpg' d'n'ssf] cfjZostf ag]sf] 5. o;tkm{ ljz]ifu/L d'n'ssf lhDd]jf/ /fhgLlts bnx¿sf] Wofg hfg' cfjZos 5. otf b]z / hgtfsf] kIfdf x'g] elgPsf] zflGtjftf{nfO{ cflbjf;L÷hghfltx¿ / ltgLx¿;“u ;DalGwt ;+3;+:yfx¿n] klg ;dy{g / :jfut ul//x]sf 5g\. t/, sltko hghflt ;+3;+:yfx¿n] eg] b'O{rf/ hgf hghfltnfO{ dGqL agfp“b}df c;f]h !* sf] zfxL sbdnfO{ pTs[i6 / /fd|f] cyf{t\ hghfltsf] ;d:of ;dfwfg o;}af6 ePsf] eg]/ :jfut u/]sf]df hgcfwfl/t cflbjf;L÷hghfltx¿sf] ;+3;+:yfx¿nfO{ crDd nfu]sf] 5. casf lbgdf To;f] u/]sf] e/df b]zsf ;a} hghfltx¿sf] ofjt ;d:ofx¿ ;dfwfg xf]nf t < cjZo x'“b}g. cf?gf] clwsf/ lngsf nflu ;+3if{sf] df]rf{df h'6\g'kb{5.

clxn] g]kfnL /fhgLlts kl/b[Zodf clwsf/k|flKtsf] n8fO“ d~rg x'g] u/] klg cf?gf] cl:tTj / klxrfgsf lgldQ ;+3if{ ul//x]sf ljleGg ju{ / txsf g]kfnL hgtf olt pk]lIFt ePsf 5g\ ls ltgsf] /utsf] df]n kfgLa/fa/ klg 5}g. t/, ;/sf/ / dfcf]jfbL b'j} kIfaf6 eP–u/]sf lx+;fTds sf/afxLdf ;a}eGbf a9L ;+Vofdf cflbjf;L÷hghfltx¿ k|efljt ePsf 5g\. xfn Psflt/ hghfltx¿sf] cfGbf]ngnfO{ cGwhfltjfbL e|ddf km;fP/ unt lbzfdf df]8\g] sfd ePsf] 5 eg] csf{lt/ b'j} kIfsf a]9·sf lqmofsnfk / k|ToIF bdg, pTkL8gsf] lzsf/ klg hghfltx¿ g} x'g'k/]sf] 5. dfcf]jfbL x'g\ jf /fhfjfbL jf ;+;b\jfbL, tLg} v]dfaf6 cflbjf;L÷hghfltx¿nfO{ lbUe|ldt kfg]{ sfd ePsf] 5. jt{dfg ;dodf hghfltx¿n] s] ug]{5 < o; lsl;dsf] lg0f{ok|lt xfdL ;a} rgfvf] x'g'k/]sf] 5. clxn]sf] /fli6«o ;+s6n] hghfltx¿nfO{ a9L k|efljt kf/]sf] 5. oBlk of] s'g} Ps hfltljz]ifsf] ;+s6 dfq xf]Og. cfd g]kfnL hgtfsf] xs, clwsf/ / cl:tTj;“u hf]l8Psf] o; ;d:ofsf] ;dfwfg @)$^ ;fnsf] cfGbf]ngaf6 k|fKt pknlAwx¿sf] /IFf ub}{ d'n'snfO{ cu|ufdL lbzfdf 8f]¥ofpg ca cf“wLa]x/L;lxtsf] hf]8\bf/ cfGbf]ngsf] cfjZostf x'G5. To;sf/0f ca PsLs[t cfGbf]ng g} ;dosf] dfu ag]sf] 5.