ljsf;sf nflu ofjt If]qdf ;'wf/ cfjZos

e/t a:g]t

k[YjLgf/fo0f zfxn] g]kfn PsLs/0fsf] ;f]r agfpg'eGbf cufl8b]lv g} uf]vf{ /fHosf] Gofok|0ffnLk|lt ;a} afO;L–rf}aL;L /fHosf] 7"nf] ;dy{g / k|z+;f /x“b} cfPsf] s'/f Oltxf;sf] cWoog ubf{ yfxf kfpg ;lsG5. tTsfnLg /fhf /fd zfxsf kfnfdf sfg'gsf] kl/kfngf ;zQm lyof] / cGofo s;}n] ef]Ug'kb}{gYof]. To;}n] t eGg] ul/GYof]– ‘Gofo gkfP uf]vf{ hfg'’. a8fdxf/fhflw/fh k[YjLgf/fo0f zfxsf] PsLs/0fsf] cleofgkl5 lyltljgf s'g} klg /fHo;~rfng x'g g;Sg] ePsf]n] ‘lylt’ a;fpg] rfxgf /flvaS:of] / g]kfndf ‘l;:6d’ sf cfwf/df Joj:yf ;~rfng ug{ yflnof]. clg ‘k|hf df]6f eof b/af/ alnof] x'g]5’ eGg] csf]{ lbJof]kb]zdf pNn]lvt hgtfnfO{ ;zQm agfpg] rfxgf xf]. h'g rfxgfcg'¿k ;lbof}+b]lv g]kfnLx¿ /fh;+/Iffsf] zLtn 5xf/Ld'lg kf}/v ul//x]sf 5g\. o;af6 xfdLn] s] a'‰g'k5{ eg] To;a]nfb]lv k|hftflGqs cjwf/0ffsf cfwf/df /fhfaf6 zf;g Joj:yf ;~rfng ug]{ rfxgf /x]sf] lyof]. cfh ;of}+ jif{kl5;Dd klg o;n] lg/Gt/tf kfO/x]sf] 5. k/Dk/fnfO{ xfdLn] /fd|f];“u dgg ug]{ xf] eg] zfxj+zLo zf;gsfnsf z'¿cftb]lv g} Gofo / nf]s;Ddltsf cfwf/df zf;gk|0ffnL ;~rfng ug]{ k/Dk/f /x]sf] b]lvG5.

a8fdxf/fhflw/fh k[YjLgf/fo0f zfxn] zfxj+z :jod\n] eljiodf c“ufNg'kg]{ s'/fx¿ efO–ef/bf/x¿n] ckgfpg'kg]{ ;ts{tf / hgtfsf pQ/bfloTj;DaGwL dfu{lgb]{zg klg aS:of]. d'n's ;a} hfthfltsf] ;femf km"naf/L xf] / ;a}df ;b\efj / ;dfgtfsf] cfwf/df /fHonfO{ ;an agfO/fVgsf nflu ;a} g]kfnLsf] bfloTj ePsf] s'/f lbJopkb]zaf6 5n{· x'G5. t/ cfh w]/} ;docl3b]lv a;fn]sf] lylt laufg]{ rngafx]s s]xL ePsf] 5}g. ;femf km"naf/Lsf] ¿kdf ljZjd} ;+:s[ltsf] wgL /fHodf cfh cf–cf?gf] :jfy{k"lt{sf] clenfiff d]6fpg] d[ut[i0ffn] ljefhgsf] 7"nf] /]vf sf]l/g yflnPsf] 5. Ps g]kfnLn] csf]{ g]kfnLsf] b'Mv;'vdf xft]dfnf] u/]/ cufl8 a9L ljZj;fd' k'vf{n] 5f]8]/ uPsf] g]kfn /fi6«nfO{ ;an /fi6« agfpg'sf] ;§f cfh k'vf{sf] oxL gf;f]nfO{ cl:y/tftkm{ ws]Ng] k|of; eO/x]sf] 5. ljz]if u/]/ /fhgLlts bnx¿ o; sfo{df t“5f8d5f8 u/L nfluk/]sf 5g\.

xfd|f k'vf{n] cfh]{sf] / dnhn ub}{ cfPsf] of] /fHo lau|“b} uPsf]df sf]xL b'MvL 5 eg] tL g]kfn / g]kfnLnfO{ dfof ug]{x¿ x'g\. xfdL ;a} g]kfnL g} xf}+ eg] w]/} nfh x'g'kg]{ cj:yf b]lvO;s]sf] 5. /fHo;~rfng ug]{x¿sf] b"/bzL{ ;f]r, Tofu / k|lta4tfsf] cefjdf cfh /fi6« hl6n df]8df plePsf] 5. w]/} cfzf u/]sf /fhgLlts bnsf g]tfx¿af6 pRr /fhgLlts ;'ema'em, s'zntfk"j{s /fi6« xf“Sg] IFdtfsf] cefj, Tofu / pbf/tfsf] t cefj b]lvof] g} To;dfly klg ;+sL0f{ efjgf, bnut :jfy{, JolQmut :jfy{, cf/fdbfoL / ljnf;L hLjgsf] clenfiffh:tf sf/0fx¿n] b]z ;jf{lws sdhf]/ aGg k'u]sf] 5. Odfgbf/x¿ aQL afn]/ vf]Hg'kg]{ / a]Odfgx¿n] ue{sf ;fy lx“l8/x]sf] cj:yf 5. o;y{ cfh bnut clg JolQmut efjgfeGbf w]/} dfly p7]/ /fi6«sf] ;d'Ggt ljsf;sf] sfddf h'6\g'kg]{ cfjZostf g} /fli6«o cfjZostf aGg k'u]sf] 5. x/]s JolQmdf sdL–sdhf]/Lx¿ x'g ;S5g\. t/ cg'ejn] vfl/b} hfg] k|fs[lts tl/sf ‘u/]/ l;Sg]’ k|lqmofdf ;d]t xfdL nfu]gf}+. g]kfn / ;f]emf g]kfnLsf] of] b'/j:yf kfg]{ sfddf ;a}eGbf a9L lhDd]jf/L @)$^ ;fnsf] kl/jt{gsf] g]t[Tj lng] g]kfnL sf+u|]; / To;kl5 PsLs[t eP/ u7g ePsf] kf6L{ g]kfn sDo'lgi6 kf6L{sf pRrtxsf g]tfx¿ ;a}eGbf a9L bf]ifL 5g\. o;/L g} bf]ifL 5g\ e|i6 sd{rf/Lx¿ h;n] cf?gf] /fli6«o st{Jo clg bfloTj la;]{/ /fhgLlts g]tfx¿sf] cf8 lnP/ e|i6frf/df tNnLg eP/ nfu]. To;/L g} bf]ifL 5g\ e|i6 Jofkf/Lx¿ h;n] /fhgLltssdL{ / sd{rf/L;“u ldn]dtf] u/]/ cs't ;DklQ hf]8\g] sfd xfn;Dd klg ul//x]sf 5g\. To;/L g} bf]ifL 5g\ 7]s]bf/x¿, :jf:YosdL{x¿, OlGhlgo/x¿ / cGo k]zf Joj;fodf nfu]sf /fi6«lgdf{0fsf vflt/ /fi6«n] lzIFf lbPsf tdfd a'l4hLjLx¿.

cfh zx/ahf/df ;fx'dxfhg a9L cftl°t b]lvG5g\. caf}{+sf] ;DklQ /fi6«af6 aflx/ knfog eO;s]sf] 5. To;/L g} /fi6«nfO{ rflxg] hgzlQm x/]s lbg ;of}+sf] ;+Vofdf knfog eO/x]sf] 5. ca /fli6«o k"“hL l/lQPkl5 /fi6«sf] ult s] xf]nf clg g]kfnsf] uf}/j s;/L a9\nf < of] k|Zg x/]s g]kfnLsf] ;fd'Gg] t]l;{Psf] 5.

v]tLof]Uo hldg, o'jf hgzlQm lj:yflkt ePsf sf/0f cnkq cj:yfdf 5. k|To]s lbg g]kfnLx¿ l5d]sL b]z tyf cGo b]zx¿df knfog ePkl5 ufp“df c;Qm a"9fa"9Lx¿ dfq 5g\. ;Sg]x¿ ljb]z uPsf 5g\, g;Sg]x¿ zx/lt/ k;]/ n's]/ a;]sf 5g\. o;/L s[lif tyf kz'kfngaf6 x'g] cfDbfgL z"Go ePsf] 5 eg] dfgjj:tLx¿ l/lQPsf 5g\. zx/ahf/df dflg;x¿ af; / uf“;sf] vf]hLdf ef}+tfl/Psf 5g\.

@)$^ ;fnsf] pknlAw eg]sf] s] nfdf] ;do;Dd lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnf / pgsf ;xof]uLx¿ k|wfgdGqL clg dGqL aGg' dfq xf] cyjf Pdfn]sf g]tf dfwjs'df/ g]kfn ljkIFL bnsf] g]tfsf] ¿kdf k|lt:yflkt x'g' xf] < clg /fHo;~rfngdf k|hftGqsf] b'xfO{ n'6tGq dRrfpg' dfq xf] < clxn] k|To]s g]kfnLsf] d'vdf oxL k|Zg /x]sf] 5. cfh !) xhf/eGbf a9L g]kfnLn] Hofg u'dfpg' kbf{ clg nfvf}+ dflg; cf?gf] Gofgf] dft[e"ld Tofu]/ c¿sf] d'n'sdf bf];|f] bhf{sf] gful/s eP/ cf>o lng' kl//x]sf] 5. cf?gf] dft[e"ld 5f]8]/ lx“8g'kbf{ cf?gf] 3/uf]7, cf?gf] k'vf{n] :ofxf/]sf] 3/af/L clg v]t, jg, kfvf / cfkm"n] c“ufNb} cfPsf] ;+:sf/ / ;+:s[ltaf6 ljd'v x'“bf pgLx¿sf] dg slt /f]Psf] xf]nf / cem klg nfh 5}g tL g]tfnfO{ hf] k|hftGq dfl;g] eof] eg]/ Joy{sf] xf}jf lkl6/x]sf 5g\. /fi6«df hgtf g} ;lsO;s]kl5 ;f/f hgtfnfO{ /fi6«af6 nv]6\g] lgot lnPkl5 s;sf nflu rflxPsf] 5 k|hftGq, k|Zg ug{ dg nfU5.

cfh ;Dk"0f{ /fhgLlts bnsf g]tfx¿, g]kfndf a'l4hLjL sxlnPsf ljåTjju{x¿ ljleGg k]zf Joj;fodf Vofltk|fKt JolQmx¿ pRr lzIFf cfh{g ub}{ u/]sf 5fq–5fqfx¿ /fi6«sf] rf}yf}+ c·sf lhDd]jf/ kqsf/ ju{x¿ s] xfdLdWo] s]xLnfO{ t cf?gf g]kfnL lbbLalxgL, bfh'efO pgsf dftflktf clg ;fnf efOalxgLn] ef]u]sf] kL8fx¿k|lt xfdLnfO{ /lQe/ klg ;+j]bgf 5 < s:tf] sf]nfxnk"0f{ hLjg latfp“b}5g\ b}lgs cfd g]kfnLx¿n] < csf]{lt/ lhDd]jf/ JolQmx¿ b}lgs efif0f, ef]het]/, cf/f]k–k|Tof/f]kdf dfq ;Lldt 5g\. s] oL lgd'vf g]kfnLsf nflu cfh sf]xL klg 5}gg\ t < /fi6«leq / aflx/ z/0ffyL{sf] ¿kdf hLjg u'hfg'{ kbf{ klg @)$^ ;fnkl5sf] pknlAwsf] /IFf ug{ Ps xf}+ eGb} /fhgLlts bnsf g]tfx¿n] s'g cf“6n] af]nL km'6fPsf x'g\ <

ca xfdL cf?gf] efUosf] lgdf{tf cfkm}+ agf}+. xfdL cfkm}+afx]s c¿ sf]xL klg xfd|f] efUo lgdftF{ x'g ;Qm}g. af“sL asjf; s'/fx¿ / asDkm';] g]tfx¿sf] kl5 gnfuf}+. xfd|f] b'ef{Uo cf?gf] c;nkgnfO{ phfu/ u/]/ Odfgbfl/tfsf ;fy cfkm"nfO{ ;xof]u ug{ g;Sg' g} xf]. xfd|f] g]tf xfdL cfkm" :jo+ g} xf}+ / x/]sn] c;n efjgfn] Psn] csf]{;“u xft]dfnf] u/]/ Pp6fsf] kL/ b'MvnfO{ cf?gf] kL/ b'Mv ;DemL kf/:kl/s ;xof]usf] ¿kdf cufl8 a9\g] sf]lzz u/f}+. To;kl5 xfdLnfO{ em'Sofpg] g]tf sbflk hGdg ;Qm}g. g]kfnLn] cfh yk a'‰g'kg]{ ljifo s] klg 5 eg] xfd|f lbbLalxgLx¿, bfh'efOx¿, ;fgf afnaflnsfx¿ h;n] xfdL g]kfnL eGg ?rfp“5f}+ eg] ca xfdL g]t[Tjsf] k5fl8 xf]Og, cf?gf] c;n rl/qnfO{ Jojxf/df ptf/f}+. xft]dfnf] u/]/ cufl8 a9\g l;sf}+. g]tfsf] bf; x'gaf6 d'lQm x'g] k|of; u/]/ ;Rrf k|hftGqsf] cg'e'lt u/f}+. ;do cjZo nfUg]5 t/ nfdf] ;dokl5 ;an k|hftflGqs /fi6« g]kfnsf] lgdf{0f x'g]5. hxf“af6 s'g} g]kfnLn] cfh ef]u]sf] kL8f ef]Ug'kg]{ cj:yf l;h{gf x'g] 5}g.

k|hftGqdf olb bnx¿nfO{ ljZjf; 5 eg] bnleq k|hftflGqs cfr/0fsf] z'¿cftsf] ;+3if{ x'g'k¥of] / /fi6«lxt / hglxtsf nflu bnx¿sf c;n g]t[Tjsf] rog x'g] k|lqmof z'¿ x'G5 eg] hgtf ;lqmo g]t[Tjdf ;xefuL x'g ;S5g\.

lzIFsx¿ /fhgLltaf6 cnu eP/ c;n lzIFf lbg lqmofzLn x'g' cfhsf] cfjZostf xf]. To:t} ljBfyL{x¿n] ljBfno clg pRr ljBfnodf c;n ljBf cfh{g ug{lt/ nfu]/ / ljleGg e|ft[ ;+u7g TofuL ;fd"lxs lzIffsf] lj:tf/sf nflu dfq cfjfh p7fpg] k|lt1f ug'{k5{. To:t} ;/sf/L sd{rf/Lx¿nfO{, pBf]uwGbf, snsf/vfgfdf sfd ug]{ ;Dk"0f{ dhb'/ju{x¿, cGo w]/} 7fp“df /fhgLlts¿kdf :yfkgf ePsf Jofj;flos ;+u7gsf JolQmx¿, /fhgLlt ug]{x¿ eg]sf c;n lzIFf xfl;n ul/;s]sf, ljleGg k]zf Joj;fosf] cg'ej lnO;s]sf, a[xt\ dfqfdf /fi6«sf] lrGtg af]s]sf, /fli6«o–cGt/f{li6«o kl/l:yltdf /fd|f] 1fg ePsf, ;dfh, hgtf tyf /fi6«k|lt Odfgbf/ JolQmTjx¿ x'g'k5{. oxL ;+:s[ltsf] ljsf; ug{ Jofj;flostftkm{ nfuf}+. g]kfn /fi6«sf lgdf{tf a8fdxf/fhflw/fh k[YjLgf/fo0f zfxn] lylt a;fNg u/]sf] kxnsf] d"n dd{ oxL xf].

b'O{ x]Nd]6 M kmfObf cg]s

o'un a;]n

u|]hL kfqf]sf] gof“ ;fn nfu" ePb]lv g} g]kfn vfN8f]df 8an x]Nd]6sf] gof“ lgod nfu" u/]/ gof“–gof“ kmfObf k}bf u/fOlbPsf] 6«flkms k|x/L ;fw'jfbsf] kfq ePsf] 5. x/]s gf}nf sbddf lem+ufn] em}+ v/fa s'/f dfq e]§fpg]nfO{ eg] v]bsf] kf]sf] dfq 6qmØfpg ;lsG5. x]Nd]6sf nfesf/L s'/fsf] hfgsf/L kf7snfO{ klg xf];\ eGg] k'0oclek|fon] kmfObfsf] kmf“6af/L k|:t't ul/Psf] 5.

kmfObf g+= Pssf] ¿kdf b]zsf] cfly{s d]?b08sf] ¿kdf /x]sf] cfoft–lgof{t Jofkf/ k|j4{gnfO{ lng ;lsG5. dGbLn] aGbL agfPsf] o; Jofkf/nfO{ 7"nf] qf0f ldNg] ePsf] 5. nfvf}+sf] ;+Vofdf x]Nd]6sf] cfoft / tL x]Nd]6sf] d"Nosf] ¿kdf j}b]lzs d'b|fsf] lgof{t eO{ 7"nf] /fxt j}b]lzs Jofkf/Ln] dx;'; ug{ kfpg] ePsf 5g\. To;}u/L :jb]zL Jofkf/nfO{ klg ;sf/fTds k|efj kg]{ ePsf] 5. yf]s / v'b|f Jofkf/Lsf x]Nd]6 tftf] s]s;/x laSgfn] pgLx¿sf] 3fpdf klg dnd nfUg] ePsf] 5.

kmfObf g+= b'O{sf] ¿kdf /fh:j j[l4nfO{ lnOg'k5{. x]Nd]6 cfoft ubf{ c;'n x'g] dx;'n -eG;f/sf]_ / laqmL ubf{ c;'n x'g] laqmL dx;'n, d"No clej[l4 dx;'n tyf laqm]tfsf] cfodf ljzfn j[l4 x'gfn] c;'n x'g] cfos/ dx;'naf6 /fHosf] /fh:j j[l4 x'g]5. ;/sf/nfO{ vr{ h'6fpg wf}–wf} k/]sf] a]nf o;af6 7"nf] /fxt ldNg]5.

kmfObf g+= tLgdf k5{ k6Øf/af6 d'lQm. b'O{ kfª\u|] :jrflnt ;jf/L;fwg rnfpg] gf/L / k'?if ;w}+ Pp6} x]Nd]6 lebf{–lebf{ jfSslbSs ePsf 5g\. Ps}lbgdf P3f/ ;f/L gf/Ln] km]/L–km]/L klxl/Pem}+ x]Nd]6 km]/L–km]/L klxl/g] xf] eg] k6Øf/af6 cfxt x'g' kb}{g. ca Ps kl/jf/df PseGbf a9L x]Nd]6 x'g] ePkl5 To:tf] k6Øf/ :jtM x6\5. 8an x]Nd]6h:t} 8an ;jf/L;fwgx¿sf] lgod agfOlbP cem a]; x'g] lyof]. To;f] ePdf x]Nd]6h:t} df]6/;fOsn klg km]/L–km]/L rng ug{ ;lsGYof] / k6Øf/ emg\ a9L x6\Yof]. k6Øf/ x6]kl5 rfnssf] xf“Sg] IFdtf klg a9\g] s'/fdf b'O{dt x'g ;Sb}g.

cf};t cfo'sf] j[l4nfO{ kmfObf g+= rf/df /fVg ;lsG5. l;·n x]Nd]6sf] k|of]usf] sf/0fn] w]/} k5fl8 a:g] ;jf/L r9}of b'3{6gfdf k/L :ju{sf] af6f] ttfP/ g]kfnsf] cf};t cfo' 36fOlbGy]. ca pgLx¿ ;jf/L r9\bfr9\b} cnsfk'/Llt/ ;jf/ x'g kfpg] 5}gg\, h;af6 g]kfnLsf] cf};tcfo' a9\g]5.

kmfObf g+= kf“rdf pkrf/sf] ;'netf k5{. k5fl8 a:g] ljgfx]Nd]6sf ;jf/ b'3{6gfaf6 3fOt] eO{ c:ktfndf eL8 a9fp“y] / cfd hgtfsf] :jf:Yo ;'ljwf 36fp“y]. ca To:tf] eL8 36\g]5. / cfd hgtfnfO{ c:ktfnsf] ;]jf lng ;xh x'g]5. :jf:Yo ;]jf lj:tf/ ug]{ ;Ifd ;/sf/sf] ;lbR5f klg ;“u;“u} ;fsf/ x'g]5.

5}6f}+ kmfObf xf] ldtJolotf. hf8f]sf] a]nf df]6/;fOsndf x'O“ls“bf 708fsf] k~hfaf6 aRg r'Rr] 6f]kL, km's]{ 6f]kL, dfsn 6f]kL, un]aGbL cflb–cflb lsGg'kYof]{ h;n] ubf{ ;Lldt ;fwgaf6 c;Lldt cfjZostf k"/f ug]{ sfddf cgfjZos afwf kYof]{. ca 6f]kL jf un]aGbLsf] sfd x]Nd]6n] ug]{ ePsfn] kl;gfsf] sdfO kfgLdf aufO/xg' kb}{g. x]Nd]6n] sfg 9fls“bf sf7df8f+}sf] ;8sdf x'g] Wjlg k|b"if0faf6 ;d]t alrG5.

kmfObf g+= ;ftsf] ¿kdf k5{ ;+j}wflgs xssf] /IFf k|]ldsf–k]|dLsf] k5fl8 Kof/sf ;fy x]Nd]6ljgf a;]/ u'8\bf pgsf] uf]Kotf e· x'GYof] lsgls kl/lrtn] b]Vgf;fy lrlgxfNy]. ca x]Nd]6n] d'v 5f]k]/ x'O“s]kl5 s;}n] klg cle;fl/sfsf] ¿kdf k|]ldsfnfO{ lrGg] s'/} ePg. o;n] ubf{ ;+j}wflgs df}lns xscGtu{t ug]{ uf]kgLotfsf] xssf] ;+/IF0f x'G5.

kmfObf g+= cf7df rfnssf] /fxtnfO{ /flvg'k5{. df]6/;fOsn x'g]nfO{ gx'g]n] a]nf g s'a]nf ‘ahL g]onf’ eg]em}+ u/]/ ln?6 dfuL x}/fg uy]{. pgLx¿n] ca x]Nd]6 gePsf] sf/0fn] k5fl8 a:gsf nflu ln?6 dfUg ;Sg] 5}gg\. o;n] ubF{ rfnsnfO{ cgfjZos af]emaf6 /fxt ldNg]5. ln?6 dfUg]x¿n] x]Nd]6 lsg]/} eP klg ln?6 ;+:sf/ sfod} /fVg] x'g\ ls eGg] z+sf 5. z+sfn] n°f lkg{ ;S5. To;}n] df]6/;fOsnsf] gDa/Kn]6 x]Nd]6df klg /xg'kg]{ k|Fjwfg Nofpg' h?/L 5. df]6/;fOsnsf] / x]Nd]6sf] gDa/ Kn]6 Pp6} ePkl5 gDa/ km/s kf/L r9\g] bl08t x'g] eP. clg ln?6 ;+:sf/ t lgd"{n x'G5–x'G5, ;“u;“u} 3fd;“u} 5fof“ ufoa ePem}+ x]Nd]6sf] rf]/L klg ufoa x'G5.

kmfObf g+= gf}df ‘sfo{Jo:ttf sfod’ k5{. cf/fd x/fd xf] eGg] 7"n} dfG5]sf] egfOcg';f/ 6«flkms k|x/LnfO{ Jo:t /fVg' h?/L 5. Jo:t ;8sdf x]Nd]6sf] lgu/fgL ug{ kfPkl5 lgod e· ug]{nfO{ gub 6qmØfpg nufpg] r'gf}tLk"0f{ sfddf 6«flkms k|x/L Jo:t x'g] g} eP. To;} klg oftfoft Joj:yf ljefun] cfkm}+ nfO;]G; lbg] sfd ug{ yfn]kl5 k|x/Lsf] sfo{IF]q lj:tf/ ug{' h?/L g} lyof].

o:tf] ;jf]{kof]uL x]Nd]6nfO{ clw/fHoe/ clgjfo{ ug{ ;s] clt pQd x'g] lyof]. ;+;bLo lgjf{rg eof] olb eg] ;+;bLo a}7sdf ;f+;bnfO{ klg x]Nd]6 klxl/P/ cfpg}kg]{ Joj:yf nfu" ug'{k5{ lsgls uf]bfuf]b x'“bf ;+;b\ ejgdf ;f+;bsf] 6fpsf] km'6]sf] ;Demgf tfh} 5. ;f+;bsf] 6fpsf] ljlzi6 vfnsf] x'g] ePsfn] To;sf] ;+/IF0f x'g' Hofb} h?/L 5.

h'n';df ;xefuL x'g]x¿nfO{ klg x]Nd]6 clgjfo{ ul/g' h?/L 5 lsgls h'n';dfly x'g] xNsf nf7Lrfh{af6 nfUg] 6fpsf]sf] ulx/f] 3fpsf] /f]syfd o;}af6 ;Dej 5. o;}u/L a;, sf/ r9\g]nfO{ nfOkm Hofs]6 / xjfOhxfh r9\g]nfO{ Kof/f;'6 klg x]Nd]6h:t} clgjfo{ ul/g'k5{.

6fpsf]dfly df/}df/ vKbfvKb} 6fpsf] g} vnalng] cj:yfdf k'u]sf k|To]s g]kfnL gful/ssf nflu ljz]if vfnsf] x]Nd]6sf] vf“rf] ;j{q cg'ej eO/x]sf] 5. cem clxn]sf] zflGt;'/IFfsf] sdhf]/ cj:yfdf t x]Nd]6 geO{ gx'g] ePsf] 5. slxn] ldNnf Tof] clgjfo{ x]Nd]6 <

;'zf;gsf] cj/f]ws g}ltstfljxLg /fhgLlt

8f= u+ufk|;fb cs]nf

cfhef]ln ;'zf;gsf] rrf{ w]/} g} x'g] u/]sf] 5. t/ Jofjxfl/stfsf] b[li6sf]0faf6 x]bf{ ;'zf;g t s] zf;gs} :j¿k g} k"j{sf] bf“hf]df clt g} ljs[t eO;s]sf] 5. vf;u/L k|zf;lgs IF]qsf ljleGg lgsfox¿df ljut !@ jif{b]lv h'gk|sf/n] ljs[lthGo lqmofsnfkn] jr{Zj sfod u/]sf] 5, To;n] ljutsf ;d:t dfkb08nfO{ layf]lnlbPsf] 5 eg] k|zf;g gfdsf] s'g} lrh xfdLsxf“ /xg uPsf] 5 ls 5}g < ;f]af/] klg ;f]Rg ljjz ul/lbG5. k|zf;lgs IF]qsf 1fg / cg'ej x'g] hf]–sf]xLn] klg of] k|ToIF cg'ej ug{ ;S5 ls @)$^ ;fnsf] k"jf{4{;Dd h'g k|sf/sf] k|zf;lgs dfq xf]Og, Goflos IF]qsf] ;d]t ;+/rgfTds :j¿k /x]sf] lyof]. To;nfO{ ax'bnLotfkZrft\sf ;Qf;~rfnsx¿n] Wj:t kf/]/ ;a}nfO{ k"0f{¿kn] /fhgLlts/0f u/]/ cf–cf?gf ;dy{s, cg'ofoLx¿sf nflu etL{s]Gb|sf ¿kdf kl/0ft ul/lbP. s'g} k|sf/sf] k|ltef / IFdtf gePsf / lxhf];Dd To;} km'6kfydf lx“l8/x]sf /fhgLlts bnsf sfo{stf{, dGqLsf c/f}}6]–e/f}6], rDr], x'Ss], a}7s] clwsf+znfO{ ;ldlt, ;+:yfg, k|lti7fg cflbsf lgb]{zs, dxfk|aGwsh:tf k|d'v k|zf;sLo kbx¿df lgo'Qm ul/P eg] tL lgsfosf ;~rfns ;ldltsf cWoIf tyf ;b:ox¿h:tf lhDd]jf/ kbx¿df ;d]t ul/P. Tolt dfq xf]Og ltgLx¿nfO{ r'gfjdf ;3fpg] sfo{stf{x¿nfO{ ;d]t b/aGbL geP klg Hofnfbf/L / c:yfoL sd{rf/Lsf ¿kdf lgo'Qm ug]{ sfd v'n]cfd¿kdf eof].

k|Zg p7\5, To;k|sf/n] k|zf;lgs lgsfox¿df cof]Uo, cIFd, cg'ejxLgx¿nfO{ etL{ ug'{ s] ;'zf;gs} s''/f] xf] t < s] To:t} k|sf/sf] lgo'lQmaf6 b]zsf] ljsf;qmdnfO{ ;xL lbzfdf 8f]¥ofpg ;lsG5 t < cem ;aeGbf b'Mvsf] s'/f] s] xf] eg] k|zf;gsf] k|d'vsf ¿kdf /x]sf dGqfnosf ;lrjx¿n] ;d]t ltg} /fhgLlt ug]{x¿sf] rfs8Ldf cfkm"nfO{ ;dlk{t u/]/ dGqLn] rfx]cg'¿ksf ljs[lthGo sfd–sf/afxL /f]Sg];Dd k|of; gu/L To;sf ;xof]uL eP/ lj:tfl/t ub{} uP. /fhgLlts JolQmsf] ;f]r ;Lldt / bnljz]ifsf] lxt;“u ;Da4 /x]sf] x'G5. t/, b]znfO{ :yfoL¿kn] 8f]¥ofpg] t k|zf;lgs IF]qsf :yfoL jl/i7 kbflwsf/Lx¿ g} x'g\, ltgn] t ;xL af6f] b]vfpg' ;Sg'k5{ t/ lglxt :jfy{ / kbnf]n'ktfn] ubf{ clwsf+z ;lrj egfp“bfx¿ dGqLsf rfs8Ldf g} nfu]sf b]lvPsf 5g\. o;f] x'g'sf] d'Vo sf/0f k|zf;lgs ;+/rgfsf] :j¿k xfn;Dd lgwf{/0f g} x'g ;Sg'' xf] eg] To;f] x'g glbg'df cIFd / k|ltefjfg JolQm To; kbdf k'Ug g;Sg';d]t xf].

o;} qmddf ;aeGbf 7"nf] lj;+ultsf] ¿kdf of] klg b]lvg cfPsf] 5 ls y'k|} cGt/f{li6«o ;+3;+:yf tyf ;/sf/;d]tn] k|zf;lgs IF]qsf ce"tk"j{ ljs[lt lj:tfl/t x'“b} cfPsf] b]v]/ klg g]kfnsf] k|zf;lgs ;'wf/sf gfddf s/f]8f}+sf /flzx¿ ;xof]u ug]{ ;Demf}tf;d]t ul/;s]sf 5g\. k|Zg p7\5, s] ltgLx¿nfO{ k|zf;g s] xf] eGg] yfxf 5}g t < s] ltgLx¿sf b]zdf klg o:t} k|sf/n] k|zf;lgs lgsfox¿ ;~rflnt x'“b} cfPsf 5g\ t < oltljlwsf] ljs[lt b]]v]/ klg ltgLx¿ lsg To;sf nflu ;3fp“b} cfPsf 5g\ t < o;sf] pQ/ vf]Hg] xf] eg] b'O{j6f s'/f b]lvg cfp“5– klxnf], cGt/f{li6«o If]qn] xfd|f] sdhf]/Lsf] kmfObf p7fP/ cf–cf?gf] lglxt :jfy{;fwgsf nflu / bf];|f], xfd|F tyfslyt nf]stflGqs kl/j]zsf ;Qf;~rfnsx¿sf] lglxt :jfy{;fwgsf nflu To:tf ;xof]u ug]{ u/]sf 5g\ <

k|zf;lgs If]qsf] :j:ytf / ;'b[9 ;+/rgf;DaGwL of] n]vsn] cg'ej u/]sf Ps ;fgf] pbfx/0f k|:t't ug'{ oxf“ ;fGble{s x'g cfPsf] 5. ;g\ !(*) df g]b/NofG8df ;~rflnt ‘@*cf}+ OG6/g]zgn ?/n PS;6]zg sf];{’   -@ dlxgf_ sf Ps ;xefuLsf ¿kdf efu lng hf“bf ;f] sf];{sf] pb\3f6g Toxf“sf ‘l8kf6{d]G6 ckm Pu|LsNr/ / lkmz/Lh’ sf 8]k'6L 8fO/]S6/n] u/]sf lyP. ljZjsf $@ b]zsf ! ;o @) hgf pRr:t/sf kbflwsf/Lx¿sf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] sf];{sf] pb\3f6g Toxf“sf Ps ljefusf 8]k'6L 8fO/]S6/n] ug'{ / ;f] sfo{qmd lrofkfg;d]tsf] ;do u/]/ $% ldg]6df ;DkGg x'g' xfd|F] kl/j]zsf nflu crDds} s'/f dfGg'kb{5. xfd|f] b]zdf olb To:tf] sf];{ ;~rfng x'G5 eg] To;sf] pb\3f6gd} nfvf}+ vr{ ul/G5, To;sf] pb\3f6g sDtLdf klg k|wfgdGqLaf6 g} u/fpg] ul/G5.

Tolt 6f9f lsg hfg] l5d]sL d'n's ef/ts} k|zf;lgs ;+/rgf x]/] klg yfxf x'G5. /fhgLltsnufot k|zf;lgs IF]qsf dflyNnf] :t/sf kbflwsf/Lx¿n] s'g} lj;+ultk"0f{ / e|i6frfl/s sfd–sf/afxL u/] eg] ltgLx¿nfO{ bl08t ug{] clwsf/o'Qm Toxf“sf] ‘s]Gb|Lo hf“r Ao"/f]’ -l;aLcfO{_ eGg] ;+:yf /x]sf] 5, h;n] b]zsf k|wfgdGqLb]lv /fi6«klt eO;s]sf JolQmx¿dfly ;d]t sf/afxL ul/;s]sf] glh/ ljZjljVoft eO;s]sf] 5.

!@ jif{leqs} xfd|f] b]zsf /fhgLltdf nfu]sf JolQm, g]tf cflbx¿sf] ljutb]lv jt{dfg;Ddsf] cj:yf / sfd–sf/afxL x]g]{ xf] eg] ltgLdWo] sl/a (% k|ltzt klxnf ;fdfGo:t/sf egf}+ jf ;f]eGbf klg tNnf]:t/sf g} /x]sf lyP t/ ;Qf;Lg x'g k'u]sf !) jif{leq g} k|FoM ltgLdWo]sf (% k|ltzt s/f]8kltb]lv ca{klt;Dd alg;s]sf 5g\. cfh ltgLx¿s} s's[Ton] b]zdf dfcf]jfbL ;d:of pTkGg ePsf] 5 eg] nf]stGqsf] :j¿k g} gi6k|foM eO;s]sf] 5. ltgLx¿n] ce"tk"j{ e|i6frfl/s ultljlw ljs[lthGo lqmofsnfk lj:tfl/t u/]/ b]zsf] k|zf;lgs ;fdflhs, /fhgLlts, cfly{s, ;f+:s[lts cflb ;d:t ;+/rgf Wj:t ul/lbP klg ltgLx¿ Odfgbfl/tf, g}ltstf, cg'zf;g, nf]stflGqs dfGotf cflbsf af/] a8f] lgn{Hhtfk"0f{ 9·n] v'n]cfd efif0f ug{af6 lxRs]sf 5}gg\. o:tf] lsg x'g uof] < o; k|Zgsf] pQ/ vf]Hg] xf] eg] To;sf] :ki6 hjfkm Pp6} 5 ls ltgLx¿nfO{ lgoGq0f ug{ ;Sg] k|sf/sf s'g} k|zf;lgs lgsfo xfd|f] b]zdf xfn;Dd klg ;'Jojl:yt x'g ;s]sf] 5}g. clVtof/ b'?kof]u cg';Gwfg cfof]u aNn–tNn s]xL ug{ ;'/ s;] klg ck]lIFt k|sf/sf] ;+u7gfTds :j¿ksf] ljsf; x'g g;s]sf]n] plrt k|sf/n] cf?gf] sfo{ ;Dkfbg ug{ ;s]sf] 5}g. ;f] cfof]un] yfn]sf s]xL sf/afxL b]v]/ ltgLh:t} jf ltgLeGbf a9L ljs[lt lkmhfP/ gjwgf9Ø aGg k'u]sf 7"nf kf6L{sf g]tf egfp“bfx¿ To;sf] Jofks lj/f]w ug{ yfn]sf 5g\ h;sf] Ps dfq p2]Zo cfkm"n] u/]sf e|i6frfl/s lqmofsnfkaf6 pDsg' dfq /x]sf] 5.

of] Psbd ;xL s'/f] xf] ls /fhgLlts g]t[Tj ha;Dd :jR5, g}ltsjfg, ;dlk{t, TofuL, lgi7fjfg / Odfgbf/ x'“b}g ta;Dd b]zsf] k|zf;g oGqnfO{ ;'b[9 kfg{ ;lsGg. ha;Dd k|zf;goGq ;'b[9 x'“b}g ta;Dd ljsf; / lgdf{0fsf sfd–sf/afxLx¿ ;'rf?¿kn] ;~rflnt ug{ ;ls“b}g, bnLo k|e'Tj / :jfy{n] p2]ZonfO{ lbUe|ldt kfb}{ s'g} klg sfd ;'rf?¿kn] ;DkGg x'g lb“b}g. x/]s IF]qdf ljs[lt g} ljs[ltsf] Jofkstf lkmlh“b} hfg]5, hf] cfh k|ToIFtM ;j{q b]lvG5. k|zf;lgs kbflwsf/Lx¿n] lgod–sfg'gcg';f/ s'g} klg sfd–sf/afxL ug{ ;Sb}gg\. o:tf] cj:yfdf ;'zf;gsf] s'/f ug'{h:tf] xf:of:kb k|;+u c¿ s]xL x'g ;Sb}g.