a9\bf] b08xLgtf M sfg'gsf] pkxf;

ljb'/ s];L

d''n'sdf zf;gJoj:yfsf] ;';~rfng ubf{ sfg'gsf] zf;gsf] ;j{dfGo cjwf/0ffnfO{ cg'z/0f ul/g' cfjZos 5. cyf{t\ sfg'gsf] zf;gsf] cGtlg{lxt l;4fGtn] ;/sf/sf k|To]s sfo{ sfg'g;Ddt\ cfwf/df ;Dkfbg ul/g'kg{] af]w u/fp“5. ;/sf/n] sfo{;Dkfbg ubf{ ;a} gful/sdf ;dfg sfg'gL b[li6sf]0f / e]befj/lxt Jojxf/, lgoldttf / lgikIFtfh:tf zt{x¿nfO{ cfTd;ft ug'{k5{. o;sf cltl/Qm Gofokflnsfsf] :jtGqtfdf cx:tIF]k / c4{Goflds lgsfoaf6 ePsf lg0f{o, sf/afxLpk/ Goflos lgoGq0f jf k'g/fjnf]sgsf] k|Tofe"lt x'g'kg]{ dfGotf /fV5. ;DalGwt kbflwsf/Ln] lg0f{o ubf{ k|Fs[lts Gofosf] l;4fGtsf] kl/kfng, sfo{ljlw / k|lqmofdf ;/ntf Pj+ lgikIftf, l56f], 5l/tf] / sd vlr{nf] lsl;daf6 Gofo;Dkfbg, km};nf jf cfb]z ubf{ ts{d'Qmtf, km};nfsf] k|efjsf/L sfof{Gjog, k'g/fj]bsLo clwsf/sf] ;+/If0fh:tf cfwf/e"t dfkb08x¿nfO{ cª\uLsf/ ul/g'kb{5.

g]kfnn] klg sfg'gL/fHosf] cjwf/0ffnfO{ ;fsf/ kfg]{ k|lta4tf g]kfn clw/fHosf] ;+ljwfg @)$& sf] k|:tfjgfdf g} JoQm u/]sf] 5. tbg';f/ /fHosf cª\ux¿ / ltgsf sfo{ lgwf{/0f ul/Psf 5g\. :jtGq Gofokflnsf :yfkgf ul/Psf] 5. sfo{kflnsfsf] :j]R5frfl/tfdfly lgoGq0f ug{ ;+j}wflgs lgsfox¿ u7g ul/Psf 5g\. ;+;b\sf ljleGg ;ldltx¿n] klg ;/sf/sf clgoldttfnfO{ cª\s'z nufpg] k|of; ub{5. t/ Jojxf/df x]bf{ sfg'gL /fHosf zfZjt dfGotfx¿ pNnª\3g eO/x]sf kfOG5g\. o:tf] x'“bf k|hftGqsf cfwf/e"t ;+:yfkgfx¿k|lt hgtfsf] ljZjf; 36\g yfn]sf] k|tLt x'G5. /fHosf s'g} klg cª\un] lhDd]jf/Lk"j{s / hgck]IFfcg';f/ sfo{;Dkfbg ug{ g;s]sf] cf/f]k 5. d'VotM b08xLgtf al9/x]sf] 5. x/]s IF]qdf cg'zf;gxLgtf JofKt 5.

:jtGq / ;Ifd x'g'kg]{ Gofokflnsfdf klg clgoldttf tyf b'a{ntf 5fpg' lj8Dagf g} xf]. Gofokflnsf y'k|} ;d:ofx¿af6 h]lnPsf] 5. hgtfn] ;/n tj/df Gofo kfpg g;s]sf] u'gf;f] 5. cbfntL Joj:yfkgdf l9nf;':tL, lg0f{o k|lqmof hl6n Pj+ ljnDasf/L lg0f{osf] sfof{Gjog kIF sdhf]/ /xg' b'ef{Uok"0f{ xf]. cbfntsf] s]xL km};nfx¿ cfnf]Ro /x]sf lyP. clxn] cfP/ clVtof/ b'?kof]u cg';Gwfg cfof]un] e|i6frf/sf] cf/f]kdf ljz]if cbfntdf s/f]8f}+sf] lauf] / nfdf] cjlwsf] s}b ;hfo dfu ub}{ bfo/ u/]sf] d'2fdf cleo'Qmx¿nfO{ cbfntn] yf]/} w/f}6Ldf l/xf u/]kl5 cbfntsf] lg0f{ok|lt gful/s ;dfhn] c;Gt'li6 JoQm ub}{ bafasf] k|bz{g ug]{ l:ylt cfOnfu]sf] 5. clVtof/ / ljz]if cbfntsf] sfd–sf/afxLnfO{ lnP/ 6Lsf–l6Kk0fL x'g yfn]sf]df zts{tfsf] nflu rf;f] /fVg}k5{.

b]zdf b08xLgtf a9\g' eg]sf] sfg'gsf] pkxf; xf]. o;sf] k[i7e"lddf d"ntM /fhgLlts tx lhDd]jf/ 5. jf:tjdf /fhgLlts g]t[Tj :jR5 / Odfgbf/ x'g g;Sbf d'n'ssf] ;du| zf;gk|0ffnLdf ljs[lt hGDof]. @)$* ;fnsf] cfdlgjf{rgb]lv g} ;Qfdf k'Ug' eg]sf] kb / ;'ljwfsf] lglDt xf] eGg] s';+:sf/ a9Øf]. g]tfx¿n] tL; jif{sf] Aofh c;'Ng yfn]. clgolGqt tj/af6 n'6\g yfn]. k|zf;lgs ;+oGqdfly cTolws /fhgLlts/0f u/]/ bnLo :jfy{df kl/rfng u/]. To;kl5sf] lgjf{rgdf bnn] ax'dt Nofpg r'gfjdf u/]sf] wf“wnL / ;/sf/ agfpg] / eTsfpg] ;dLs/0fsf] kmf]xf]/L v]nx¿af6 /fhgLlts ljs[lt t a9Øf] g}, o;}af6 d'n'sdf b08xLgtfsf] nflu k|>o ldNof].

/fHo;+oGqsf cª\udf lgs} zlQmzfnL dflgPsf] sfo{kflnsf s]xL xb;Dd gLlt, lgodsf] th'{dfsf nflu lhDd]jf/ eP tfklg w]/} dfqfdf lg0f{osf] sfof{Gjogsf nflu lhDd]jf/ /xg'kb{5. t/, sfo{kflnsfsf dftxt /x]sf lgsfox¿n] Gofokflnsfåf/f ul/Psf km};nfsf] sfof{Gjog ug{ pbf;Lgtf k|s6 u/]/ tyf cfb]z–lgb]{zsf] kfngf gu/]/ czf]egLo k|j[lQ a9fO/x]sf 5g\. ;+j}wflgs lgsfox¿n] cf?gf k|ltj]bgdf cf+}NofPsf lgb]{zgx¿sf] kl/kfngfk|lt s'g} Wofg lbg] u/]sf 5}gg\. k|hftflGqs kl/kf6Ldf cbfntsf] ;Ddfg ul/G5 / To;sf] km};nfnfO{ sfof{Gjogdf NofOG5. o:tf] ePdf g} ;+ljwfgsf] dd{cg';f/ sfd–sf/afxL ePsf] dflgG5 t/ oxf“ o:tf] gx'g] u/]sf pbfx/0fx¿ k|z:t e]l6G5g\.

sfo{kflnsfn] sfg'gsf] sfof{Gjogdf k|lta4tf gbzf{P/, cbfntsf] km};nf nfu" ug{ cj1f k|s6 u/]/ tyf ;+j}wflgs lgsfosf lgb{]zgx¿ pNnª\3g u/]/ b08xLgtf a9fpg] qmd rfn]sf] w]/} ;do eO;Sof]. csf]{, dlGqkl/ifb\n] unt lg0f{o s] u¥of] eg] cbfntaf6 cleof]u nufO{ s}b jf hl/jfgfsf] ;hfo tf]lsPsf s}of}+ JolQmsf] ;hfo dfkm ug]{, d'2f lkmtf{ lng] / hkmt ;DklQ lkmtf{ lbg]h:tf ;fx|} cfnf]Ro sfd u¥of]. To;/L d'2f lkmtf{ lnOPsf JolQmx¿ clxn] 7"nf ;fw'h:tf ag]/ ;/sf/ / /fhgLlt1nfO{ g} clt{, pkb]z lbg yfn]sf 5g\. uDeL/ s;'/df cf/f]lkt 8LaL nfdfnfO{ y'gfd'Qm u/fO{ g]kfnL sf+u|];n] k|ltlglw;ef ;b:o lgjf{rgsf] lglDt pDd]bjf/ aGg ;;Ddfg l6s6 dfq lbPg, pgL ljho ePkl5 ;xfosdGqL agfof]. o;af6 k};fn] /fhgLlt / kbnfO{ ;lhn} k|efj kfg{ ;lsg] b[i6fGt aGof]. k};fjfnx¿n] /fhgLlt1nfO{ lsGg yfn].

;/sf/n] lg0f{o sfof{Gjog gu/]/ csd{0otf bzf{Psf] qmddf tLgj6f k|d'v k|ltj]bgx¿sf] pbfx/0f k|:t't ug'{ ;fGble{s x'g]5. tLdWo] klxnf]df dlNns cfof]usf] k|ltj]bgnfO{ lng'k5{. @)$^ ;fnsf] hgcfGbf]ngsf] ;dodf sfg'gsf] kl/lw gf3]/ cTofrf/ ug]{ bf]ifLx¿nfO{ sf/afxLsf] nflu 5fglag u/L k|ltj]bg k]z ug{ @)$& ;fndf GofofwLz hgfb{gnfn dlNnssf] cWoIFtfdf ul7t cfof]un] Hofb} ldlxg]tk"j{s tof/ kf/L k]z u/]sf] k|ltj]bgnfO{ To;} yGsfOof]. o;af6 clVtof/sf] b'?kof]u ug]{x¿ xf}l;P. bf];|f]df, ljb]zL d'b|fsf] ;'ljwf lnO{ k|tLtkq vf]Ng] t/ ;fdfg cfoft gu/L caf}{+sf ljb]zL d'b|F ckrng ug]{ kmd{x¿nfO{ sf/afxLsf nflu ul7t nj/fh zdf{sf] cfof]un] @)%# h]7 #@ df k]z u/]sf] k|ltj]bgdf cf}+NofOPsf kmd{sf jf:tljs lx:;]bf/x¿nfO{ cem};Dd k"0f{¿k]0f sf/afxL k"/f ePsf] 5}g. t];|f], /fh:j r'xfj6 5fglag;DaGwL ;+o'Qm ;+;bLo ;ldlt @)%^ sf] k|ltj]bg klg To:t} nyflnª\u xfntdf k'¥ofOPsf] 5. lqe'jg cGt/f{li6«o ljdfg:yn eG;f/nufot cGo eG;f/ gfsfx¿df clgoldt lqmofsnfk a9L d'n'ssf] /fh:jdf k|z:t xflg gf]S;fgL ePsf] ;DaGwdf cWoog, ljZn]if0f / 5fglag u/L clgoldt lqmofsnfkdf ;+nUg JolQmx¿dfly sf/afxLsf] l;kmfl/zsf] ;fy} /fh:j r'xfj6 /f]sL /fh:j j[l4 u/fpg eljiodf ckgfpg'kg]{ ;'emfj;lxtsf] k|ltj]bg k]z ug{ @)%% a}zfv @# df tTsfnLg ;f+;b k/L yfkfsf] ;efkltTjdf ;+o'Qm ;+;bLo ;ldlt u7g ePsf] lyof]. To;n] :ynut e|d0f u/L tYok"0f{ k|ltj]bg k]z u/]sf] lyof]. ;f] l;nl;nfdf @)%^ kmfu'g !* df clwjQmf an/fd s];Lsf] ;+of]hsTjdf sfo{bn agfO{ k|ltj]bg k]z ug{ nufOP tfklg d"n k|ltj]bgcg';f/ cem};Dd sf/afxL ePg. kmntM t:s/ / dflkmofx¿ df}nfO/x]sf 5g\.

sfo{kflnsfcGtu{tsf] lgsfon] cbfntsf] cfb]z gdfg]/ pR5[ª\vntf bzf{O/x]sf] kl5Nnf] 36gfdf k|x/Ln] u}/sfg'gL lsl;daf6 y'gfdf /fv]sf emG8} cfwf bh{g aGbLx¿nfO{ l/xf ug{ ;jf]{Rr cbfntn] cfb]z lb“bf klg To;nfO{ sfof{Gjogdf gNofPsf]nfO{ pNn]v ug{ ;lsG5. o;af6 cbfntsf] cj1f ePsf] 5.

o:tf] cfklQhgs Jojxf/af6 dfgjclwsf/sf] xgg eof] egL /fli6«o dfgjclwsf/ cfof]un] k|wfgdGqLsf] Wofgfsif{0f u/fpg'kg]{ l:ylt cfOnfu]sf] 5. k|x/L k|zf;gn] 36gfnfO{ 9fs5f]k ub}{ aGbLnfO{ l/xf ug'{sf] ;§f sf/fuf/ :yfgfGt/ ug]{ b'ik|j[lQ a9]df cGof]ntf sfod x'g]5 / k|x/Lk|lt lau|]sf] hgwf/0ff emg\ lj:tf/ x'g]5. o;/L Gofokflnsf / sfo{kflnsfaLr 6s/fjsf] l:ylt cfpg' lgZro g} /fd|f] ;+s]t xf]Og. blIF0f Pl;ofdf e|i6frf/ ug]{df klxnf] qmddf k|x/L / bf];|f]df cbfnt kb{5g\ egL xfn} Pp6f k|ltj]bgn] k|sfz kf/]sf] ljj/0faf6 klg ;'wf/sf] af6f] cjnDag ug{ ;DalGwt If]q hfu?s x'g' jf~5gLo 5.

cfSsn–em'Ssn

w'|jxl/ clwsf/L 

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Psy/L 5fkfn] kfv}el/ cd]l/sL l;kfxL b]v]em}+ -cd]l/sL b"tfjf;sf cg';f/ k|lzIFs ;}lgs ;+Vof $( xf]_ sflGtk'/sf k|sfzgn] b]z}el/ aGb"s t]l;{g nfu]sf] e|d kg]{ u/L xKtf}+;Dd ;dfrf/ 5flk/x]. /, 5flkPsf va/ sflGtk'/ Pkm\=Pd\= /]l8of]af6 k|;f/0f ug]{ l;nl;nf hf/L /˜of]. ;dfhdf cftª\s km}lng ;Sg] xbdf k'u]/ n]lvPsf ;dfrf/sf] ;fydf aGb"ssf] Pp6f lrq ;w}+h;f] 5flkGYof]. ck'i6 / 5b\d ;|F]tx¿sf] xjfnf lbP/ n]lvPsf ;dfrf/–n]vx¿df sf7df8f}+l:yt ef/tLo b"tfjf;sf Ps k|yd ;lrjsf] pNn]v k6s–k6s x'GYof] t/ gof“ lbNnLdf /x]sf] g]kfnL b"tfjf;sf] rrf{ -;Gbe{_ cfp“b}gYof]. kqsfl/tfsf ;j{–:jLs[t l;4fGt / dfGotfx¿nfO{ 5f]8]/ n]lvPsf ;fdu|Lx¿ kf7snfO{ k9\g nufOof]. t/ ltg} xltof/af/] /IFf dGqfnon] df3 ! ut] hf/L u/]sf] lj1lKt rflx“ sflGtk'/ / o;sf] c+u|]hL b}lgsn] k|sflzt u/]gg\. To;sf] dha'g klg cfPg, pNn]v;Dd klg ePg. cyf{t\ sflGtk'/n] ;Gt'ngsf] ;fdfGo l;4fGtsf] ;d]t pk]IFf u¥of]. kqsfl/tf IF]qdf ;DnUg ;a} ;~rf/sdL{x¿sf] nflu of] lrGtfsf] ljifo xf].

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5ofnL; ;fnsf] pknlAw

/d]z uf}td ‘kfNkfnL’

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cfh b'O{ lbg eO;Sof] xfd|f /fhg]tf b]vf k/]gg\. aflx/ s7fª\lu|g] hf8f] eP klg /fhgLltsf] o:tf] tftf] xfjf rn]sf] a]nfdf g]tfhLnfO{ b'O{ lbgb]lv gb]v]kl5 dnfO{ c;˜o eof]. lsgls cfhef]ln $^ ;fnsf pknlAwaf/]df w]/} lrGtg x'g] u/]sf] 5. t/ g]tfx¿n] e6Øfpg] u/]sf pknlAw s]–s] x'g\ < pgLx¿n] d'v vf]n]/ geGg], d}n] 7Dofpg g;Sg]. uf“7} k/]h:tf] ePsf] lyof]. of] uf“7f] km'sfpg g]tf geOePsf] lyPg, km]l/ csf]{ s'/f] s] klg k/]sf] lyof] eg] Ps lbg pgn] dnfO{ Rofn]~h} u/]/ eg]sf lyP– ‘x]/ ldq / ltdLn] o;/L xfd|f] x'd{t} lng] u/L n]Vg] sfd gu/, xf]Og eg] xfd|f] ;DaGw r'“l8g klg ;S5 x} /’

st} xfd|f] d}qL;DaGw} km'6fP/ g]tfhL 6fl9Psf t xf]Ogg\ < eg]/ dnfO{ z+sf klg nfUof]. cfkm}+ e8\vfnf]df kg]{ u/L kf6L{ t km'6fpg ;Sg] g]tfhLnfO{ d;“usf] d}qL;DaGw km'6fpg s] a]/ eg]/ d cfkm}+ pgsf] 3/lt/ nfu]++. t/ d]/f] z+sf lg/fwf/ 7x¥of], d 9'Ss eP“. s'/f s] k/]5 eg] pgn] d;“u ldqtf 6'6fP/ xf]Og, lx;fa–lstfa ug{ nfu]/ kf] gcfPsf /x]5g\. d pgLsxf“ k'Ubf klg olt Psfu|lrQ lyP ls pgsf] cufl8 plePsf] dnfO{ emG8} !% ldg]6;Dd klg b]v]gg\. d}n] cfkm}+ Wofg e· ug'{k¥of].

‘xf]Og ldq / s]sf] hf]836fp xf] o:tf] < 3/leq dfG5] k;]sf] yfxf klg gkfpg] u/L WofgdUg x'g] <’

‘s] x'g' lyof] / ldq / gx'g' kg]{ ;+j}wflgs q'l6 eOxfNof]. ;+j}wflgs q'l6 ePkl5 $^ ;fnsf] pknlAw vf]l;g] kSs} eof]. To;}sf] af/]df hf]836fp ug{ nfu]sf] lg /’

‘xf], g]tfhL / d klg ToxL ;d:of lnP/ t tkfO{+sxf“ cfPsf] lg / ;a}sf] d'vaf6 $^ ;fnsf] pknlAwsf] af/]df rrf{ x'G5 t/ $^ ;fnsf] pknlAw eg]sf] s] xf] < d]/f] t 3}+6f]df 3fd} k;]g af / nf}g d]/f] 3}+6f] p3fl/lbg';\’ d}n] g]tfhLl;t laGtL la;fO u/]+.

‘v} / ;a} pknlAwx¿ hDdf ug{ kfPsf] eP t Pp6f lstfa} tof/ x'g] lyof] xf]nf. tL ;a}sf] km]xl/:t t d}n] klg agfPsf] 5}g. t/ hg;fwf/0fdf rlr{t s]xL b'O{rf/ s'/f;Dd l6k]sf] 5'.

‘s]–s] /x]5g\ < ToxL eP klg hfgsf/L kfO/fv'“ g g]tfhL.’

‘x]g'{;\, klxnf] s'/f] t ;+ljwfg} aGof], h'g ;+ljwfg ljZjdf ;a}eGbf /fd|F] 5. o;df o:tf] hfb' 5 ls kf6L{x¿n] u/]sf h:tf sfd klg ;+j}wflgs x'G5g\. o;df hg;fwf/0fn] hflg/fVg'kg]{ s'/} 5}g. bf];|F] klxn] ! ;o $) n] ;f+;b x'g] df}sf kfp“y] eg] ca @ ;o ^% hgfn] df}sf kfp“5g\. o;af6 k|To]s ;f+;bsf ;fnf, h]7fg, ;fnL, h]7L;f;", efO, elthf, ;xfos, gfOs], efOgfOs], efG;], dfnL, 8«fOe/ / pgsf ;;'/fnL cflb aL;–kRrL; kl/jf/ klg ;]dL ;f+;b aGg] s'/f gsfg{ ldNb}g. cem dGqL x'g]x¿sf] / pgsf gftfuf]tfsf] t s'/f] leGb} 5. pgLx¿sf] km"lt{ / sdfOsf] dfdnfdf dGqLsf] dfnL;d]t ck/dGqL ePsf] t ;a}n] b]v]s} xf]nfg\. t];|f] s'/f] s] eg] ljut afx| jif{df afx|}y/L dlGqd08n aGof]. tLg k6s r'gfj eof]. o;af6 xhf/f}+n] /f]huf/L kfP. xhf/f}+n] sdfpg] df}sf kfP. slt g]kfnLsf] p4f/ eof]. of] $^ ;fnsf] 7"nf] pknlAw dfGg'k5{.’

‘xhf/f}}+n] /f]huf/L t kfP, To;dWo] (% k|ltzt t sfo{stf{ dfq lyP. t/ slt ;+:yfg a]lrP, slt ;+:yfg 8'a] / slt 8'AgnfO{ nfOgdf 5g\. olt eP/ klg b]zn] / cfdgful/sn] s] kfP t <’

‘lsg kfPgg\ < ;a}eGbf 7"nf] s''/f] t b]zn] / hgtfn] k|hftGq kfP. ;+:yfg a]lrP jf 8'a], Tof] cs}{ s''/f] xf]. a]lrg'kg]{ lyP a]lrP, 8'Ag'kg]{ lyP 8'a]. ljb]zLsf] bfg slt lbg /fVg] t < sd;]sd w]/} g]kfnLn] /f]huf/L kfP, ul/an] sdfpg] df}sf kfP. sd pknlAw eof] t <’

‘xf]Og ldq / ;8ssf af/ ef“Rg', 6]lnkmf]g a'y hnfpg', eP–ag]sf ef}lts k"jf{wf/ eTsfpg', dfOs, s';L{, cflb ef“Rg', laufg'{ klg pknlAw g} x'g\ ls <’

‘lsg xf]Og < o;af6 slt hgr]tgf hfUof]. yf]qf–k'/fgf ef“lrP/ s] eof] / < gof“ ag]. pBf]uwGbf rn]. sltn] /f]huf/L kfP. sltn] sldzg kfP. To;nfO{ sd dfGg'x'Gg.’ uj{;fy eg] g]tfhLn].

‘x'g t xf], xfd|f] b]z eg]s} sldzglk|o b]z eg]/ ;a}n] lrg]s} 5g\. sf]zL, u08sL, dxfsfnL klg t sldzgd} au]sf 5g\. ;Dd]ngdf efu lng eg]/ 8]9nfv 8n/ lnP/ uPsf k|wfgdGqL cs}{ b]zdf k'u]/ xltof/sf] l5gf]kmfgf] u5{g\. ljr/f ;f]emf k|wfgdGqLnfO{ ToxL klg xft kg{ gkfp“b} c;kmn agfOof]. geP b]zsf] sLlt{df Ps O“6f t yKy]. xf]Og t ldq /’

‘b'O{ dlxgf ;+;b\ cj?4 u/]/ eQf vfPsf] klg pknlAw xf] g]tfHo" <’

‘lsg xf]Og < ;+;b\df k'Ug}k¥of], xflh/ ug}{k¥of]. clg eQfsf] s]sf] l/; < ;fgf]ltgf] s'/f x]g'{x'Gg. x]g'{;\, ;fwf/0f d}nf] emf]nf / rKkn nfP/ lx“8\g] slt g]kfnL k|f8f], kh]/f] r9\g] eP. ufp“sf em'k8Ldf a:g]x¿ zx/sf dxndf a:g] eP. kf6L{sf sfo{stf{ eg]kl5 k~rvt dfkm x'g] eof]. of] ;fgf] pknlAw xf] < x]g'{;\, ;a}sf] efUo Ps} k6s v'Nb}g. efUo eg]sf] t sf7df8f}+sf] kfgLh:t} xf]. o;}u/L pknlAw x'“b} hfg] xf] eg] g]kfn Ps lbg olt 7"nf] x'g]5 ls o;sf] sNkgf cfh} ug{ ;lsGg.’

g]tfhLsf] egfO dnfO{ 7Ls} nfUof]. d}n] $^ ;fnsf] pknlAwsf] cy{ a'em]sf] /x]g5'. ca aNn d]/f] 3}+6f]df 3fd k;]h:tf] eof]. g]tfhLnfO{ gd:t] u/]/ 3/lt/ nfu]+.