;+ljwfg;efsf] r'gfjsf] ltly

k|lbk g]kfn

h·nsf 7"nf ¿vx¿df P]+h]¿ knfPsf] x'G5. cfd¿kdf P]+h]¿ sfd gnfUg] x'G5 t/ P+]h]¿ slxn]sfxL gof“ ¿v} klg x'g;S5. To;}n] Tof] ;bf;j{bf sfd gnfUg] dfq} x'G5 eGg x'“b}g.

;+ljwfg;efsf] r'gfjsf] l;nl;n}df d}n] P]+h]¿sf] :d/0f ug'{k/]sf] xf]. kf“r jif{cl3 ;a}eGbf klxn] dfcf]jfbL sDo'lg:6 kf6L{n] ;+ljwfg;efsf] r'gfjsf] gf/f lbof]. Tolt a]nf pm ;z:q o'4df ;+nUg lyof] / ‘bL3{sfnLg hgo'4dfkm{t hgu0ftGqsf] :yfkgf’ p;sf] klxnf] / clGtd ;kgf lyof]. bf];|f] r/0fdf dfcf]jfbLn] hgu0ftGqnfO{ u0ftGq agfPsf] lyof] / jftf{sf] d'vdf cfOk'Ubf Tof] hgtGq ePsf] lyof]. l;4fGtsf] w]/ Vofn /fVg] sDo'lg:6sf nflu ;+ljwfg;ef k"“hLjfbL xf]. sDo'lg:6 kf6L{ o:tf emGem6lt/ nfUb}gYof] Oltxf;df. aGb's af]Sof], ;fdGtL ;Qf kG5fOlbof], hgjfbL zf;g k|f/De u¥of]. Ps;"qLo sfo{qmd h:tf] lyof] sDo'lg:6sf nflu of] sfObf. zAbdf dl/xQ] u/]/ n8fO“ n8\g] sDo'lg:6x¿sf] afgL xf]. k"“hLjfbL hgjfbL qmflGt eGg] Pp6f zAb cfGbf]ngdf s;f] :yflkt ePsf] lyof]– ;+ljwfg;ef klg sDo'lg:6x¿sf] dfu eOxfNof].

aL;f}+ ztfAbLsf] cl3Nnf krf; jif{df ;+;f/el/sf sDo'lg:6sf nflu ‘;Qf aGb'ssf] gfnaf6 hlGdG5’ eGg] dfGotf l;4fGth:tf] ePsf] lyof]. t/, kl5Nnf krf; jif{df pu|blIf0fkGyLsf nflu klg ;Qf aGb'ss} gfnaf6 hlGdg yfNof]. bh{gf}+ ;}lgs ljb|f]xx¿, wfld{s ?9tfn] ;Qf kN6fpg] cleofg hfltsf] gfddf lgjf{lrt ;Qf kN6fpg] Jofkfl/s ljb|f]xh:tf k|ltudgsf/L ljb|f]xx¿ ‘;Qf aGb'ssf] gfnaf6 hlGdG5’ eGg] dfGotfaf6} /Qm/l~ht ePsf lyP. aGb'sk|ltsf] oxL bf]xf]/f] lgi7fn] xf]nf k"“hLjfbL / hgjfbLx¿sf sltko gf/fx¿ cfk;df ldl;g yfn]sf lyP / ;+ljwfg;ef klg To;/L g} ldl;Psf] Pp6f gf/f lyof].

PSsfO;f}+ ztfAbLdf k|j]z u/]sf] g]kfnL /fhgLltn] cs:dft\ gof“ b[Zo b]Vof]. dfcf]jfbL sDo'lg:6 kf6L{n] ;+ljwfg;ef dfUof]. To;nfO{ Pdfn] sDo'lg:6 kf6L{n] unt eGof] . & jif{;Dd 8f“8fsf] cf]Nnf]–kNnf] l9:sfdf a;]/ aGb's k8\sfO/x]sf] dfcf]jfbLsf] r/d b'Zdg sf+u|]; kf6L{n] ;+ljwfg;efsf] dfusf] kIfdf sfo{stf{nfO{ cfjfh p7fpg nufof]. Tof] cfjfh u0ftflGqs ;+ljwfg;efs} lyof]. t];|f] r/0fdf cfkm"nfO{ /fhfjfbL eGg]x¿n] klg k6fk6 ;+ljwfg;ef dfUg yfn]. uhasf] e}lbof] ;+ljwfg;ef. Tof] /fhtGqfTds dfu xf] ls u0ftGqfTds eg]/ lrGg} g;lsg] eof]. oyfy{df Tof] clxn] eO/x]sf] elgPsf] ;/sf/–dfcf]jfbL jftf{ h:t} eof]. ef]ln x'G5 elgG5, Tof] ef]ln slxn] cfp“5 s;}nfO{ yfxf x'“b}g.

/fhgLlt ultzLn 5 eGg] w]/} ;'lgPsf] lyof]. To;}n] ;+ljwfg;ef klg ultzLn ePsf] xf]nf eg]/ lrQ a'emfOof]. ultzLn ePs} x'gfn] Tof] dfcf]jfbL, /fhfjfbL / sf+u|];jfbL ;a}sf nflu 3'Dg] v]n eof] /f]6]lkªdf h:tf]. o;}aLrdf ;/sf/L dGqLx¿n] ;+ljwfg;efdf hfg ;lsG5 eg]/ Psfw 7fp“df efif0f u/]kl5 dfcf]jfbL kf6L{n] uf]nd]r ;Dd]ng / cGtl/d ;/sf/nfO{ k|d'v dfu agfP, ;+ljwfg;ef em¥of] t];|f] gDa/df. dfcf]jfbL ¿vdf oxL+b]lv P]+h]¿ knfof]. uPsf] rf/–kf“r dlxgfsf pgLx¿sf ;flxTonfO{ x]bf{ ;+ljwfg;ef ‘cfP cf“k uP em6f/f]’ ePsf] 5 t/ c?sf nflu Tof] 7"nf] sf]OnfvfgLaf6 lgl:sPsf] xL/fsf] 6'qmf] ePsf] 5.

of] ;+ljwfg;ef s] xf], s]sf nflu xf], o;sf] r'gfj u/fP/ s:tf] ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f ug{ vf]lhPsf] xf], Tof] lgld{t ;+ljwfgk|lt ;a}sf] lgi7fsf] Uof/]G6Lsf] cfwf/ s] xf] eg]/ ;+ljwfg;efsf k|:tfjsx¿n] clxn];Dd eg]sf 5}gg\. clxn]sf] ;+ljwfgn] /fli6«o /fhgLltsf] cu|ultdf s:tf] af/ NofOlbof] / o;nfO{ ?of“Sg'kg]{ ePsf] xf] eGg] tfls{s dfGotfx¿ klg clxn];Dd ahf/df cfPsf 5}gg\. ;+ljwfg;efnfO{ dfGg] lalQs} g]kfnL /fhgLltdf :yfoL zflGt 5fp“5 eGg] cfwf/ s] xf] eg]/ klg s;}n] v'nf;f lbg;s]sf] 5}g.

;fob o:t} cGof]nn] lbdfusf] 9f]sf 3r3Rofpg yfn]sf] x'gfn] dfcf]jfbLkl5 sf+u|];sf g]tfx¿sf] b[li6af6 klg ;+ljwfg;ef klG5g yfn]sf] lyof]. cs:dft\ gof“ P]+h]¿ knfP h;/L Pdfn]sf tLg–rf/ hgf g]tfn] 6kSs l6lklbP ;+ljwfg;efnfO{. dfcf]jfbL kf6L{sf g]tfn] uf]nd]r ;Dd]ng / cGtl/d ;/sf/nfO{ k|d'vtfsf ;fy lnPkl5 vfnL eof] ;+ljwfg;ef eg]/ pgLx¿n] To;nfO{ l6k]sf /x]5g\. t/, ltgn] klg ;+ljwfg;ef s]sf nflu, lsg, s;/L, k|ltkmn s] eGg]h:tf k|Zgx¿sf] hjfkm lbg ;s]gg\. ;+ljwfg;efsf] cf}lrTo k'li6 ug{ ‘clxn]sf] ;+ljwfgn] ;d:of ;dfwfg ug{ ;s]g, To;}n] ;+ljwfg;ef rflxof]’ eGg] Pp6f jfSonfO{ ufoqL agfOPsf] 5. ;+zf]wgaf6 klg of] ;+ljwfg ;lRrb}g eg]/ ;efsf] dfu ug'{sf] cy{ ulx/} x'G5. jt{dfg ;+ljwfgdf ckl/jt{gLo kIf eg]sf] ;+j}wflgs /fhtGq, ax'bnLo k|hftGq / g};lu{s gful/s clwsf/ xf], hgtfdf x:tfGtl/t ;fj{ef}ldstf xf]. Tof] eP ;+ljwfg;efsf] r'gfjsf] cy{ oL ckl/jt{gLo d'2fx¿sf] kl/jt{g xf] < xf]Og eg] clxn]sf] ;+ljwfgsf bkmf / wf/fx¿sf] kl/jt{g ug{ ;+ljwfg;efsf] emGem6df uO/xg} kb}{g. ePsf ;a} wf/f ;+;b\n] ;lhn} kl/jt{g ug{ ;S5.

oyfy{df ;+ljwfg;ef, rln/x]sf] u[xo'4sf] z[ª\vnfsf] Pp6f s8L xf]. ;+ljwfg;efsf] kIfdf cf]sfnt ug{ s;}n] klg To;sf] ;f/ / ¿k k|:6Øfpg g;Sg' of grfxg'sf] cy{, Tof] /fhgLltsf] Pp6f s'l6n uf]6L x'g' xf]. ;+ljwfg;ef s;}sf] dfu xf]Og, Tof] cf?gf] n's]sf] clei6 k"/f ug]{ Pp6f l;+9L xf]. Tof] clei6 s] xf] eg]/ clxn] ls6fgL ug{ g;lsPsf] cj:yfdf ;+ljwfg;ef ;xL xf] eGg' cf?g} ufnfdf yKk8 nfpg'h:t} xf].

t/, o;f] eg]/ ;d:ofaf6 plDsg kfO“b}g. u0ftGq :yfkgf u/]/} 5f]8\g] / ;lqmo /fhtGqnfO{ kmsf{pg ;lsg] lbjf:jKgdf /dfpg]x¿n] ;+ljwfg;efnfO{ ;f“Rr}sf] ;dfwfgsf] kf]sf] xf] eg]/ u/]sf] k|rf/n] hgtfdf kof{Kt e|d pTkGg u/]sf] 5. ltgn] vf; u/]/ Pdfn]dfly ;+ljwfg;efsf] lj/f]w u/]/ zflGt ef“8\g vf]h]sf] cf/f]k nfPsf 5g\. o;} sf/0f klg ;of}+ Odfgbf/ gful/sx¿df olt gfy] s'/f] Pdfn]n] dflGbP x'GYof] eGg] cfu|x a;]sf] xf]. Odfg a]r]sf] /fhgLltn] hGdfPsf] of] e|dsf nflu gful/snfO{ bf]if lbg' x'“b}g. Pdfn]n] ;+ljwfg;efsf] gfddf dRrfOPsf] lat08fsf] if8\oGqsf/L kf]n vf]Ng cfkm"nfO{ ;a} lx;fan] v'nf /fVg'k5{, hgtfsf] k+lQmaf6 p7fOPsf k|Zgx¿sf] hjfkm lbg'k5{.

clxn]sf] klxnf] sfd eg]sf] ;+ljwfg;efsf] lgjf{rg s;sf] dfu xf] eGg] lgSof}{n lgsfNg' xf]. rf/ kIfn] ;+ljwfg;efsf] rrf{ u/]sf 5g\. dfcf]jfbL, /fhfjfbL, sf+u|];jfbL / Pdfn]leqs} k|ltkIfjfbLx¿n] ;+ljwfg;efnfO{ ;d:of ;dfwfgsf] /fdjf0f eg]sf 5g\. ca ltgn] hjfkm lbg'k¥of]– ;+ljwfg;efsf] k|ltkmn s] xf] < clxn]sf] ;+ljwfgn] sxf“–sxf“ ;d:ofsf] ;dfwfg ug{ g;s]sfn] gof“ ;+ljwfg ;efsf] cfjZostf k/]sf] xf] < s] g]kfndf @)$& ;fnsf] ;+ljwfgn] gy]Ug] u/L cyjf To;sf] ;+zf]wgn] gyfDg] u/L /fhgLlts / juL{o ;dLs/0f km]l/Psf]] 5 < of] ;+ljwfg;efsf] r'gfj s;n] ug]{ xf] < s] o;sf nflu eujfg\ gf/fo0f cyjf eujfg\ lzjnfO{ a"9flgns07 / d[u:ynLaf6 p7fP/ l;+xb/af/df Nofpg'kg]{ xf] < ;+ljwfg;efsf lxdfotLx¿n] eujfg\ lzjn] uf“hf, efª, wt'/f] vfP/ 8d¿ ahfp“b} ;+ljwfg;efsf] r'gfj ul/lbg'x'G5 eGg] sNkgf t u/]sf xf]Ogg\ xf]nf. o:tf] cj:yfdf pQm ;efsf] r'gfj ug{s} nflu klg clwsf/ ;DkGg ;j{bnLo ;/sf/sf] u7g cfjZos kb}{g < k5{. To:tf] ;/sf/ u7g gu/L ;+ljwfg;efdf hfg' ;lqmo /fhtGqsf] cyjf dfcf]jfbL hgtGqfTds o'4sf] kIfdf hfg' xf] ls xf]Og <

k|:tfj p7fpg]n] To;sf] JofVof ug]{ / p7]sf] k|Zgx¿sf] hjfkm lbg'k5{. olb ;+ljwfg;efsf lxdfotLx¿n] dflysf k|Zgx¿sf] hjfkm lbg'ePdf s] yfxf xfdLh:tfx¿ klg Totflt/ bf}l8xfN5f}+ ls /

;'tf{ ;nf{ j/j/, jftf{ 6nf{ k/k/

åf/kfn

/fhgLlts kl/;/ clxn] lgs} tft]sf] b]lvG5, bnx¿sf aLrdf, g]tfx¿sf dfemdf uxg ljrf/ljdz{ eO/x]sf ;dfrf/ lbglbg} gof“ cfofd lnP/ cfO/x]sf] kfOG5 . ;/sf/L kIfdf, ljkIfdf / cGoq klg o:tf j}rfl/s Jofofd tLj|tfsf ;fy eO/x]sf] a'lemG5 .

b]zsf] ;fd' /x]sf] ;d:of lgbfg ug{] Wo]on] o:tf] k|of; ePsf] xf] elgG5 / jf:tjdf To;} ePsf] x'g'k5{ . o;}n] jftf{sf gfddf ePsf s'/fsfgL qmddf b]vf k/]sf lj/f]wfef;k"0f{ egfO xf];\ jf Pscsf{dflysf] cf/f]k xf];\ ;a} g} o;} lbzfsf /0fgLlts k|lqmof xf]nfg\ eGg] cfzf /fVg ;lsG5 .

b]zsf] /fhgLlts ljZn]if0fdf ?lr /fVg]x¿n] o; qmdnfO{ ljz]if ¿kdf lgofn]sf 5g\, ljrf/ dGygsf] k|lqmof ljsf; ePsf]df ltgnfO{ cfzfjfbL aGg s/ nfu]sf] 5 . o;nfO{ :j:y 9·df cl3 a9fpg ;s]df g]kfndf ;xcl:tTjsf] cEof; /fd|f] x'g] lglZrt 5 . o:t} 9·sf] ljrf/ cfbfg–k|bfgaf6 e/kbf{] lgbfg kQf nfUg] ;Defjgf klg 5 . ;+;f/sf k|hftflGqs d'n'sdf klg vf; ljifodf 6'+uf]df k'Ugsf nflu o:t} sfo{ x'g] u/]sf] kfOG5 . ;a}nfO{ cf?gf] egfO /fVg] cj;/ ldn]sf] 5}g eGg ;lsGg . ljrf/wf/fdf w]/} cGt/ k/]sfx¿sf aLr ePsf] ;+jfb ljz]if ¿kdf pNn]vgLo 5 . To;af6 ;lxi0f'tf k|j4{g eP/ Pscsf{]sf] wf/0ffnfO{ ;x|fxgf ug{] ;+:sf/ ljsl;t x'g;s]df b]z / hgtfnfO{ nfe k'Ug] :ki6 5 .

xfn} dfq klg k|wfgdGqLn] af]nfpg'ePsf] a}7sdf /fhgLlts bnx¿n] ;sf/fTds ;f]rfO /fv]/ pkl:yt x'g'kYof]{ eGg] cfjfh Ps ;zQm :yfgaf6 cs{} efsfdf cfPsf] xf] . lgsf; vf]Hg], ;+jfb rfxg], ;xof]u ug{] klg eGg] km]l/ log} cj;/nfO{ cg]s axfgfdf pkof]u gug{] lx;fa cln a'em\g g;lsg] vfnsf] 5 . s'/fsfgLdf af]nfpg]n] lagfcfwf/ jf nx8df af]nfPsf] t xf]Og xf]nf / olb To;f] ePsf] xf] eg] t ToxL s'/fnfO{ klxn] lgSof{]ndf k'¥ofpg' cfjZos lyof] .

ax'bnLo k|0ffnLdf cfjZos kf/:kl/s ;Ddfg, ;+jfb, ;xgzLntf tyf ;dembf/L nfdf] ;do;Dd g]kfndf ljsl;t x'g ;s]g . o;sf nflu bf]ifL sf] egL rrf{ u/]/ ;do v]/ kmfNg'eGbf ca of] ljsl;t x'g] 5f“6 b]lvPsf]df To; qmdnfO{ cl3 s;/L a9fpg] eGg]df Wofg lbg' cfjZos 5 . ;Dejt o;kN6 w]/}n] o; s'/fnfO{ cfjZos 7fg]sf klg 5g\ .

ax;sf qmddf p7fOPsf ;jfnnfO{ cfwf/ u/]/ casf] c8fg s] t egL ;f]Wg] xf] eg] clxn] g} s]xL xf]nfh:tf] b]lv+b}g . s;}n] k'/fgf] ;+;b\nfO{ glap“emfO{sg /fhgLltn] ult ln+b}g eg]/ lh2L u/]sf] a]nf 5, s;}n] k'/fgf] ;/sf/sf] k'g:yf{kgfsf] dfu bf]x¥ofPsf] / s;}n] ;j{bnLo ;/sf/ dfq cl3 a9\g] cfwf/ xf] eg]/ hf]8 lbPsf] ;do 5, st} k'/fgf] ;+;b\df k|ltlglwTj ePsf bnx¿sf] ;xeflutfdf dfq s'/fsfgL ;kmn x'g]] x'gfn] To;sf] jsfnt ul/Psf] cj:yf 5, s]xL ;fgf, gof“ bnx¿n] k|wfgdGqLsf] cf˜jfgdf ePsf] a}7sdf efu lnP/ Pp6f uGtJo tf]s]sf] l:ylt 5 . o'4lj/fddf k|lta4x¿n] To;k|ltsf] lgi7f sfod /fvL /fhgLlts bnx¿;“u lg/Gt/ / uDeL/ ;Dks{ u/L lgsf;f vf]Hgdf lqmofzLn cle?lr /fv]sf] df};d 5 .

st} s'/fsfgL qmddf g} 5ofnL;sf] pknlAwnfO{ gu'dfpgsf nflu eg]/ ;+3if{ sfod /fVg] c7f]6 klg JoQm ePsf] 5 . ;+3if{sf] k|s[lt / :j¿k kl/eflift ug{ eg] Toxf“ wf}wf} ePsf] gkfOg] xf]Og .

pk/f]Qm k|j[lQnfO{ Pscsf{;“u t'ngf u/]/ x]g{] xf] eg] ltgdf /x]sf] cGt/lj/f]w, leGgtf tyf c:ki6tf 5n{· x'G5 . ltgdf Pstfefj, ;dembf/L Nofpgsf nflu s'g} ;Demf}tfsf xft]dfnf] cfjZostf :ki6 x'g hfG5 . ‘ldnglaGb'sf] gfddf To:tf] :yfg sxf“lg/ 5  To;sf] ;ZfQm ;+s]t gldn]sf] xf]Og t/ To;nfO{ dfGg cx+ jf cf8Da/sf] /fhgLltn] ;a}nfO{ afwf lbO/x]h:tf] b]lvG5 . ;+ljwfg :jo+n] :yflkt u/]sf] d"NonfO{ dfGg klg s]xL bnnfO{ cK7]/f] kl//x]5, o;df ;+sf]r cg'ej eO/x]sf] a'lemG5 . cln p3fl/Pdf Tof] cfkm}+ v'Ng] lglZrt 5.

/fhgLltdf ;+nUgn] clxn] of] s'/f a'lem/fVg'k/]sf] 5 ls pxf“x¿sf] lqmofsnfknfO{ lgofn]/ Pp6f 7"nf] hdft of] kl/;/aflx/ al;/x]sf] 5, /fhwfgLsf] of] k|bz{gLeGbf w]/} k/ lklN;P/ /lx/x]sf] 5 . cfd hgtfsf] rf;f] tL c8fg;“u k6Ss} 5}g eg] klg x'G5 lsgls ltgdf hLljsfsf] bjfj, b}lgs hLjgsf c? ;d:ofsf] kL8f w]/} tLj|¿kdf k/]sf] 5 . Toxf“ jif{}+b]lvsf] e]befjsf sf/0f pTkGg tgfjsf] klg bb{ 5 .

Toxf“ s'g bnsf] :6]6;\ s] xf], s'g bn gof“ xf] jf s'g k'/fgf] xf] jf ltgsf] g]tfsf] k|f]6f]snnfO{ s;/L JofVof u/]/ cl3 a9\g'kg{] xf] eGg] s'/fdf Tolt;f/f] rf;f] /fVg] l:ylt 5}g . ljutsf] of]ubfgsf cfwf/df ltgsf] d"Nof°g x'g'kg{] xf] t/ To; d"Nodf clxn]sf] hdfgfdf kl/jt{g cfO;s]sf] 5, o;}n] k'/fgf] OHhtsf cfwf/df, k'/fgf] a]nfb]lv g]tf ag]sf] cf8df jt{dfgdf cx+ e"ldsfsf] bfaL ug{] k|j[lQnfO{ ;dofg's"n dfGg cK7]/f] 5 . ;dfhsf cGo k|rngdf em}+ gof“ cjwf/0ff :yfkgf eP/ gof“ gfos tyf gof“ cg'xf/n] ;f/k"0f{ bfloTj k"/f ul//x]sf] o'udf /fhgLltdf To;sf] c;/ kb{}g eGg ;lsGg . of] s'/fnfO{ ga'emL cf?gf] bfaL dfq sfod /fVb} hfg] xf] eg] lhlNng] a]nf cfp“5 .

To;nfO{ ;dfgtfsf] Jojxf/, plrt ;Ddfg / cj;/ pknAwtfsf] cfwf/df sd ub{} nfg'kg{] cjfZostf 68\sf/f] 5 . oxL ljifonfO{ cfheGbf !@ jif{clw ljz]if Wofg lbP/ sfo{ ug{ ;s]sf] eP clxn]sf] k|fyldstf cs{} x'g] lyof] . t/, Tof] ;do otflt/sf] ;'tf{df eGbf cGo gfgfy/Lsf] jfbljjfb, cfk;L tfgftfg, / zlQmsf] df]xdf em'lDdgdf lat]sf]n] ;d:of clxn] rsf{] ¿kdf d'n's;fd' cfPsf] xf] .

ca klg ltgsf] ljifodf vf; ljrf/ u/]/ cl3 ga9\g] xf] eg] h:tf];'s} s'/fsfgL u/] klg Tof] ;fy{s gx'g ;S5 . cflv/ /fhgLlts If]qn] of]ubfg k'¥ofpg'kg{], pTkfbg b]vfpg'kg{], ;]jf ug'{kg{] If]q ToxL xf] . bnx¿sf] lgjf{rg 3f]if0fkqsf d"n nIf klg ltg} x'g] u/]sf] gkfOg] xf]Og . clxn] klg x]/f}+ g pRrtd ;+:yfb]lv tNnf] tx;Dd ax; jf l;4fGt jf efif0f jf gLltsf k|;+udf s'/f p7\bf ltgnfO{ gcf}+NofO{ c? sfd yfln+b}g . 

clxn] /fhgLlts d~rdf b]vfk/]sf] j}rfl/s dGygsf] cEof;nfO{ bnLo k"jf{u|x jf g]tf ljz]ifsf] cfTds]lGb|t lrGtg jf Ouf] sDkn]S;n] layf]Ng lbg gx'g] s'/fdf gful/s ;dfh klg ;r]t eP/ cl3 cfpg'kg{] ePsf] 5 . vf; sfd s]xL u¥of] ls To;sf] >]o lnP/ To;af6 hgtfdf cf?gf] k|e'Tj hdfpg], c?nfO{ xf]rf] b]vfpg] /   vf; /fhgLlts nfe lng] k|j[lQnfO{ /f]Sg] ;+s]t clxn] 5 .

7f]; d;nfdf Wofg lbg], To;nfO{ g} ;dfwfg ug{], g]tf ljz]ifsf] gfd / sfdnfO{ To;df ljz]if dxTj glbg] lbzfdf clxn] lnOPsf] sbdn] w]/}nfO{ laemfPsf] klg x'g;S5 . o;af6 s;}sf] JolQmTjdf c;/ k/]sf] 5 eg]/ t s]xL ug{ ;lsGg . g]tf ljz]ifsf] cx+nfO{ Wofg lbP/ d'n's;fd' /x]sf] ;d:ofnfO{ 6fb{} hfg' /fd|f] klg x“'b}g .

7"nf gfd rn]sf /fhgLlts bnx¿nfO{ afOkf; u/]/, a]jf:tf u/]/ ;d:of ;dfwfg ug{ ;Dej 5}g eGg] c8fg ;Dejt o;}nfO{ ;+s]t u/]/   cfPsf] xf] . To;f] ug'{ lgZro g} >]o:s/ x“'b}g klg . u/]df klg To;sf] vf; cy{ s] /xG5 / < t/, To;sf] dfg] Totflt/sf] cf8Da/, k"jf{u|x tyf cfTds]lGb|t x7tfnfO{ g} Wofg lbO{ ;d:ofnfO{ k/k/ ;fb{} hfg' plrt xf]Og . sfdsf] >]o cfkm"n] gkfpg] sf/0fn] ePsf] c;Gt'li6nfO{ eg] cnUu} b[li6n] x]g'{ ;fdfGo 1fgsf] kf7 klg xf] lg /

blIf0f Pl;ofsf] e|i6frf/ ;j]{If0fdf g]kfnsf] l:ylt

8f= u·fk|;fb cs]]nf

6«fG;k/]G;L OG6/g]zgnn] blIf0f Pl;of;DaGwL u/]sf] Ps ;j]{If0f xfn} ;fj{hlgs ePsf] 5 . ;f] ;+:yfsf] cWoog ;j]{If0fcg';f/ blIf0f Pl;ofsf kf“r j6f b]zx¿– a+unfb]z, ef/t, kfls:tfg, g]kfn / >Ln°fdf sfg'g sfof{Gjog ug]{ lgsfox¿ g} a9L e|i6 /x]sf] kfOPsf] 5 . :ki6 zAbdf eGg] xf] eg] blIf0f Pl;ofdf ;a}eGbf a9L e|i6 ;+:yfx¿ k|x/L / Gofofno ePsf] s'/f ;fj{hlgs x'g cfPsf] 5 . plNnlvt b'j} gf]e]Da/ @))! / d] @))@ sf aLr ul/Psf] ;j]{If0fcg';f/ utjif{ k|x/L;“u sfddf k/]sf ef/t, kfls:tfg / >Ln°fsf ztk|ltzt JolQmn] e|i6frf/hGo sfdsf/afxL ef]Ug afWo x'g'k/]sf] lyof] eg] a+unfb]z / g]kfndf To:tf] ug'{kg]{x¿sf] k|ltzt qmdzM *$ / $* /x]sf] s'/f ;f] ;j]{If0fn] hgfPsf] 5 .

Gofofno If]qdf sfo{/t /x]sfx¿dWo] ef/t / >Ln°fdf ztk|ltztn] 3"; lnPsf] / kfls:tfgdf (* k|ltztn] 3"; lnPsf] hgfPsf] 5 eg] a+unfb]zdf &% k|ltztn] / g]kfndf $@ k|ltztn] 3"; lnPsf] s'/f ;fj{hlgs x'g cfPsf] 5 . To:t} e"ld k|zf;gsf] If]qdf ul/Psf] ;j]{If0fcg';f/ 3"; lng]x¿sf] ;+Vof kfls:tfgdf ztk|ltzt, >Ln°fdf (* k|ltzt a+unfb]zdf &# k|ltzt, ef/tdf $& / g]kfndf !& k|ltzt /x]sf] b]vfOPsf] 5 .

6«fG;k/]G;L OG6/g]zgnn] u/]sf] ;f] ;j]{If0fsf] k|ltztdf b]zcg'¿k 36L–a6L x'g ;S5 t/ ;aeGbf d"n k|Zgsf] ¿kdf of] :ki6 k|foM g} x'g cfPsf] 5 ls blIf0f Pl;ofsf b]z tyf hgtfx¿ /Ifs elgg] ;+:yfx¿af6 g} zf]lift, kLl8t, ql;t / k|tfl8t /x“b} cfPsf] 5 . ljrf/0fLo k|Zg s] eg] hxf“ /Ifs g} eIfs x'G5g\ eg] ToxL b]z / hghLjgsf] /Iff s;n] ug]{ < o;sf cltl/Qm ;aeGbf dxŒjk"0f{ / ljrf/0fLo kIf, h;sf af/]df 6«fG;k/]G;L OG6/g];gnn] ;j]{If0f g} u/]sf] 5}g / hf] ;aeGbf ckl/xfo{ s'/f] xf], Tof] xf] /fhgLlts If]q . 6«fG;k/]G;L OG6/g];gnn] ;f] If]qsf] ;d]t ;j]{If0f ug'{ kb{Yof], hf] cfhsf] kl/j]Iodf ;aeGbf dxŒjk"0f{ s'/f xf] t/ To;f] eP–u/]sf] gb]lvPaf6 ;f] ;+:yfsf] ;j]{If0fnfO{ Psf·L:j¿ksf] g} eGg'kg]{ x'g cfPsf] 5, lsgeg] /fhgLlts g]t[Tj pRr g}ltsjfg, :jR5 / :j:Yo k|sf/sf] ePdf k|x/L / Gofofnotkm{ x'g] u/]sf lj;+ult, e|i6frf/L lqmofsnfk ;a}eGbf lgoGq0f ug{ ;lsG5 . b]znfO{ ;'–;~rfng ug]{ lg0ff{os tŒj g} /fhgLlt xf] .

s'g} klg b]zsf] ljsf; / k|ultsf] lgofds / ;~rfns /fhgLlts g]t[Tj g} x'G5 . ;/sf/sf tLg c· sfo{kflnsf, Joj:yflksf / GofokflnsfdWo] lg0ff{os / g]t[TjbfoL e"ldsf sfo{kflnsfs} x'G5 . cGo b'O{ c· Joj:yflksf / Gofokflnsf t To;sf] k"/s c·sf] ¿kdf g} /x]sf x'G5g\ / tL b'j};“u ;DalGwt gLlt lgdf{0f Pjd\ lgwf{/0fsf] sfo{;d]t sfo{kflnsfn] g} u/]sf] x'G5 . cfh ljZjdf hxf“ sxL+ klg s'g} ;d:of b]lvPsf] 5, Tof] /fhgLlts jftfj/0fsf] cl:y/tfn] b]lvPsf] 5 . vf; u/L blIf0f Pl;ofsf b]zx¿sf] /fhgLlts cj:yfsf] s'/f ug]{ xf] eg] xfn;Ddsf] cj:yf x]bf{ blIf0f Pl;ofsf plNnlvt b]zx¿dWo] ef/t Ps dfq o:tf] b]z /x]sf] b]lvPsf] 5 h;sf] /fhgLlts g]t[Tj :jtGqtfkZrft\ lg/Gt/¿kdf 7f]; k|sf/sf] cyf{t\ nf]stflGqs :j¿ksf] /x]sf] 5 . kfls:tfg / a+unfb]zsf] /fhgLlts jftfj/0f ;]gfaf6 k6s–k6s x:tfGtl/t / k|efljt Pjd\ ;~rflnt x'“b} cfPsf] 5 eg] xfd|f] b]z g]kfndf nf]stflGqs rl/qsf] xfn;Dd klg k6Ss} ljsf; x'g g;s]sf] s'/f ljut !@ jif{sf] nf]stflGqs kl/j]zsf] c;kmntfkZrft\sf] pkh jt{dfg l:yltaf6 ;xh} cg'dfg ug{ ;lsG5 .

k|Zg p7\5, o:tf] lsg x'g uof] t < lsg nf]stflGqs jftfj/0fn] lg/Gt/tf kfpg ;s]g < a+unfb]zsf] ;+:yfkgfsf nflu a+uaGw' z]v d'lha'{/xdfgn] u/]sf] kl/sNkgfsf] a+unfb]z lsg x'g ;s]g < s}b–P–cfhd d'xDdb hLGgfn] kl/sNkgf u/]sf] :j¿ksf] kfls:tfgn] lsg d"t{¿k lng ;s]g < lsg !@ jif{leq g} g]kfnsf] nf]stflGqs kl/j]z 3f]/ ljs[t / ljvl08t x'g k'Uof] < lsg dxfTdf ufGwL / pgsf ;xofqLx¿n] kl/sNkgf u/]sf] ef/t dfq nf]stflGqs :j¿knfO{ lbgk|ltlbg ;'b[9 / ;jn agfpg ;Ifd x'g ;Sof] <

dfly plNnlvt b]zx¿sf] ;+/rgfTds / ljsf;fTds :j¿klt/ Wofg lbg] xf] eg] of] :ki6 k|foM x'g cfp“5 ls b]zsf] ljsf; / lgdf{0fsf nflu k|zf;lgs ;jn / 7f]; k|sf/sf] ;+/rgfsf] lgdf{0f cTofjZos / ckl/xfo{ /x]sf] 5. 7f];, :jR5, :j:Yo / ;jn k|zf;lgs ;+/rgfsf] lgdf{0f geP;Dd /fhgLlts g]t[Tj ;dlGjt /xg ;Sb}g, hf] a+unfb]z, kfls:tfg / g]kfnsf] k|zf;lgs ;+/rgf / :j¿k x]bf{ :jtM 5n{· x'g cfp“5. /fhgLltdf nfUg]x¿sf b[li6sf]0f / lqmofsnfk ljz]if :jfy{n] k|]l/t /x]s} x'G5, h;nfO{ k|zf;lgs ;+/rgfn] dfq lgolGqt ul//fv]sf] x'G5. olb k|zf;lgs ;+/rgf alnof] ePg eg] /fhgLlts g]t[Tj 5f8f x'g hfG5, h;n] ubf{ ljs[lt / lj;+ult a9\b} hfG5, c:tJo:ttfsf] l:ylt l;lh{t x'“b} hfG5, ;/sf/ kl/jlt{t x'“b} hfG5, clgoldttf / lj;+ultsf] qmd lg/Gt/¿kdf a9\b} hfG5, h;sf] kmn:j¿k b]zdf cl:y/tfsf] l:ylt pTkGg eO{ b]z / hghLjgsf] ;d:t ljsf; g} cj?4 x'g hfG5. oxL sf/0f xf] ls cfh a+unfb]z / kfls:tfgn] ck]lIft k|sf/n] k|ult ug{ ;s]sf] 5}g.

@)$^ ;fndf hghLjgn] h'g cfsf+Iff, cfzf, pT;fx / ck]Iffn] /fhgLlts bnx¿nfO{ ;3fP/ nf]stflGqs jftfj/0fsf] k'gj{xfnL ug{df ;3fP/ ltgLx¿nfO{ cf?gf] dt lbP/ cf?gf k|ltlglwsf ¿kdf ;+;b\ / ;/sf/df k|lt:yflkt u/fPsf lyP, To;k|lt s'g} klg /fhgLlts bnsf g]tf tyf k|ltlglwx¿n] k6Ss} ;+j]bgzLntf b]vfPgg\. ;QfkIfsf x'g\ ls k|ltkIfsf ;a} cf–cf?gf] lghL tyf bnLo :jfy{ kl/k"lt{ ug]{lt/ dfq s]lGb|t /x]. b]z / hghLjgk|lt k6Ss} jf:tf g/fvL lj;+ultk"0f{ lqmofsnfk ckgfp“b} n'6\gdf dfq nflu/x]. kmn:j¿k !@ jif{sf] cjlwdf !# k6s ;/sf/ u7g, ax'dt k|fKt bnsf] ;/sf/ eP klg ;+;b\ lj36g, ;f+;b, dGqL tyf /fhgLltdf nfu]sfx¿ ;fdfGo JolQmaf6 5f]6f] cjlwdf ca{klt;Dd aGg k'u], dfcf]jfbL ;d:ofn] ljs/fn ¿k lnof]. oltljlw ljs[lt Pjd\ e|i6frfl/s ;fdfHosf] lj:tf/ x'g'sf] Ps dfq sf/0f 7f]; / ;'b[9 k|zf;lgs ;+/rgfsf] cefj x'g' xf]. 7f]; / ;'b[9 k|zf;lgs ;+/rgf ePsf] eP s;}n] klg To;/L e|i6frfl/s lqmofsnfk ug]{ 5'6 kfpg] lyPg. o; dfdnfdf ef/tsf] xsdf Pp6f s'/f t dfGg}k5{ ls Toxf“ /fhgLlt ug]{x¿n] e|i6frfl/s sfd u/] eg] Toxf“sf s]Gb|Lo cg';Gwfg Ao"/f]n] cGo /fhgLlts JolQmTjsf] t s'/} 5f8f}+ k|wfgdGqL / /fi6«klt;DdnfO{ klg sf/afxL ug{ ;S5.

blIf0f Pl;ofs} cGo b]zdf /fhgLlts JolQmTjn] e|i6frf/ u/]sf]]df ltgLx¿dfly sf/afxL ePsf] 5. t/, xfdLsxf“ xfn} clVtof/ b'?kof]u cg';Gwfg cfof]un] s]xL /fhgLlts JolQmx¿dfly sf/afxL u/] klg Gofonon] ltgLx¿nfO{ w/f}6Ldf /fv]/ 5f8]sf] 5. s] of] e|i6frf/ u/]/ emg\ ;DklQ hf]8\b} hfpm eGg] ;+s]t xf]Og / < s] e|i6frfl/s ultljlwnfO{ k[i7kf]if0f ug]{ sfo{ xf]Og < t/ oL ;a}sf] d"n sf/0f 7f]; / ;'b[9 k|zf;lgs ;+/rgf / pRr Pjd\ g}ltsjfg /fhgLlts g]t[Tjsf] lgdf{0f x'g g;Sg' xf]. To;}n] o; k|sf/sf] ;+/rgfTds lgdf{0fkl§ s]lGb|t x'g' ;a}sf] ;femf bfloTj x'g cfPsf] 5.