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z/0ffyL{ ;d:of;DaGwL t]x«f}+ dlGq:t/Lo ;+o'Qm a}7s ut dfr{ @$ / @% df e"6fgsf] /fhwfgL lyDk'df ;DkGg eof]. g]kfnL 6f]nLsf] g]t[Tj k//fi6«dGqL g/]Gb|ljqmd zfx / e"6fgL 6f]nLsf] g]t[Tj ljb]z dGqL lhUd] jfO{ lyGn]n] ug'{ePsf] lyof]. k//fi6« ;lrj dw'/d0f cfrfo{ / pxf“sf ;dsIfL o'u]g l5l/ª a}7sdf ;xefuL x'g'x'GYof]. v'b'gfaf/L lzlj/df k|df0fLs/0f ul/Psf z/0ffyL{x¿nfO{ ;+slnt sfuhft / cGt/jftf{sf cfwf/df b'O{ kIfn] a]Unfa]Un} juL{s/0f ;"rL tof/ u/]sf]df To;nfO{ xfdf]{gfOh];g u/]/ ;+o'Qm juL{s/0f ug{ yk ;do nfu]sf] x'gfn] ;+o'Qm k|df0fLs/0f 6f]nLnfO{ ;f] sfo{ zL3|tfk"j{s ;DkGg ug]{ lgb]{zg lbg'sf ;fy} rf}wf}+ dlGq:t/Lo a}7s d] !! df sf7df8f}+df ug]{ to u/]sf] 5. o;/L !# cf}+ r/0fsf] g]kfn–e"6fg ljb]z dlGq:t/Lo ;+o'Qm a}7s juL{s[t z/0ffyL{x¿nfO{ :jb]z lkmtf{ k7fpg ;xh kfg]{ /0fgLlt lgdf{0f ug]{ ;xdlt;lxt ;DkGg ePsf] 5.

ljb]z dlGq:t/Lo jftf{ z/0ffyL{x¿sf] juL{s/0fsf nflu ;+o'Qm k|df0fLs/0f 6f]nLn] tof/ kf/]sf] k|ltj]bg tyf sfof{Gjogsf nflu df]8fln6L lgdf{0f ug{ ;xdt ePsf] s'/f jftf{kl5 ;+o'Qm?kdf hf/L ul/Psf] lj1lKtdf pNn]v 5. lyDk' jftf{n] z/0ffyL{ juL{s/0f ubf{ cfOkg{ ;Sg] cK7\of/fnfO{ ;'Nemfpgsf nflu lgb]{lzsf -ufO8nfOg_ klg lbPsf] 5.

!# cf}+ r/0fsf] b'O{ lbg] dlGq:t/Lo jftf{ ;DkGg u/L @^ dfr{df :jb]z lkmtf{ x'g'ePsf k//fi6«dGqL g/]Gb|ljqmd zfxn] lqe'jg cGt/f{li6«o ljdfg:yndf kqsf/x¿;dIf o;f] eGg'ePsf] /x]5– z/0ffyL{x¿sf] :jb]z lkmtf{sf nflu ;/n kfg{ g} b'O{ b]zsf ljb]zdGqLx¿ df]8fln6L lgdf{0f ug{ ;xdt ePsf x'g\. b'j} b]zn] cf–cf?gf] tkm{af6 z/0ffyL{x¿sf] juL{s/0f ug]{ sfo{ ;DkGg ul/;s]sf 5g\. o;kl5 b'j}tkm{af6 ;+o'Qm juL{s/0f sfo{ z'? x'G5. juL{s/0f sfo{ ;DkGg ePkl5 z/0ffyL{sf :jb]z lkmtf{sf] k|lqmof cufl8 a9\5. sf7df8f}+df cfof]hgf x'g] !$ cf}+ r/0fsf] ljb]z dlGq:t/Lo jftf{df ;+o'Qm k|df0fLs/0f 6f]nLn] z/0ffyL{x¿sf] ;+o'Qm juL{s/0f;lxt tof/ kf/]sf] k|ltj]bg k|:t't ul/g]5. To;sf] nuQ} ;+o'Qm k|df0fLs/0f 6f]nL SofDkdf uO{ :jb]z lkmtf{sf] kmd{ e/fpg]5. :jb]z lkmtf{ hfg] OR5f;lxtsf] kmd{ eg]{ z/0ffyL{x¿sf] :jb]z lkmtL{ k|lqmof cufl8 a9\g]5. o;/L ;+o'Qm k|df0fLs/0f 6f]nLn] juL{s/0f sfo{ ;+o'Qm?kdf ;DkGg u/]sf] b'O{ ;ftfleq} ;+o'Qm 6f]nL z/0ffyL{ SofDkdf k'uL kmd{ eg{ nufpg] / kmd{ e/L :jb]z lkmtf{ x'g OR5f hfx]/ ug]{ z/0ffyL{nfO{ lkmtf{ k7fpg] sfo{ k|f/De x'g]5.

k//fi6«dGqL g/]Gb|ljqmd zfxnfO{ p4[t ub}{ g]kfnL kqklqsfx¿df n]lvPsf] 5– cGt/f{li6«o dfGotfcg'?ksf] ef]n]G6/L l/kf]6]{;g kmd{ -:j]R5fn] lkmtf{ x'g] kmf/fd_ e/fP/ z/0ffyL{x¿s} OR5fdf e"6fg kmsf{pg ;xdlt ePsf] 5. o;/L z/0ffyL{ ;d:of ;dfwfgsf nflu k|ult eO/x]sf] 5, Hofb} g} ;+j]bgzLn ljifo ePsfn] To;df l9nfO x'g;S5. ;+o'Qm k|df0fLs/0f 6f]nLsf] xfn;Ddsf] sfo{ k|ultsf] d"Nof+sg ubf{ of] Psbd} ;sf/fTds?kdf cfO/x]sf] 5. z/0ffyL{x¿nfO{ :jb]z kmsf{pg] sfo{ / e"6fgdf k'gjf{; / k'g:yf{kgfsf] cg'udg ug]{ sfo{df t];|f] kIfsf] ;+nUgtfsf] cfjZostfaf/] z/0ffyL{x¿af6 cfjfh pl7/x]sf] ;Gbe{df kqsf/x¿sf] k|Zgsf] hjfkmdf k//fi6«dGqL zfxsf] k|To'Q/ o:tf] /x\of]– b'j} b]zsf clwsf/Lx¿ jf:tljs?kdf of] ;d:of ;'Nemfpg'k5{ eGg]df cft'/ g} 5g\. pgLx¿df of] Ifdtf klg 5. xfdL ldn]/ of] ;d:of ;'Nemfpg ;S5f}+ eGg] xfdLdf ljZjf; klg 5.’ g]kfn–e"6fg ;+o'Qm k|df0fLs/0f 6f]nL juL{s/0f ;DkGg ePsf !@ xhf/eGbf a9L z/0ffyL{x¿sf] ;+o'Qm?kdf juL{s/0f ug{ Ps dlxgfcl3b]lv e"6fgsf] /fhwfgL lyDk'df sfo{/t 5.

rf/ ju{df z/0ffyL{x¿nfO{ juL{s/0f ug]{ k|lqmofaf/] afx«f}+ dlGq:t/Lo a}7sdf b'O{ d'n'saLr ‘xfdf]{gfOh];’ ePsf] lyof]. o;cg';f/ vf; u/L :j]R5fn] e"6fg 5f]l8Psf] elgPsf e"6fgLsf] :jb]z lkmtL{af/] b'O{ d'n'saLr ;xdlt ePsf] xf]. To;a]nf oxf“sf clwsf/Ln] bf];|f]ju{k|lt e"6fg nlrnf] ag]sf] atfPsf lyP. e"6fgL k|dfl0ft ug]{ sfuhft ePsf / :jb]z kms{g lgj]bg lbg]x¿k|lt ljrf/ ul/g] e"6fgL kIfn] hgfPsf] lyof]. nv]l6Psf vf“6L e"6fgL, :j]R5fn] e"6fg 5f]8]sfx¿, u}/–e"6fgLx¿ / ck/fwL sfo{df ;+nUg e"6fgLx¿ eGg] rf/ juL{s/0f ul/Psf x'g\. e"6fgL z/0ffyL{x¿ / g]kfnL gful/s ;dfhn] eg] e"6fgL / u}/–e"6fgL b'O{ ju{df dfq k|df0fLs/0f u/L ;a} e"6fgLx¿nfO{ :jb]z kmsf{pg'k5{ eGg] dfu ub}{ cfO/x]sf 5g\. t/ b'j} b]zsf k//fi6« dGqLx¿sf] x:tfIf/o'Qm bz a'“b] ;+o'Qm lj1lKtdf juL{s/0fdf ;+nUg ;+o'Qm k|fljlws ;ldltn] xfn;Dd u/]sf] juL{s/0f af/]sf dxŒjk"0f{ sfo{nfO{ hf/L /fVb} To;af6 k|fKt kl/0ffd sfof{Gjog ug{ ;xdlt ePsf] dfq pNn]v 5.

t]x«f}+ r/0fsf] dlGq:t/Lo jftf{sf] kl/0ffdk|lt e"6fgL z/0ffyL{x¿nfO{ rf“8} :jb]z kmsf{pg kfpg] s'/fdf g]kfnsf] ;/sf/L kIf cfzfjfbL b]lvP tfklg e"6fgL z/0ffyL{ g]tfx¿ eg] ;Gt'i6 x'g g;s]sf] k|ltlqmof 5fkfx¿df b]lvPsf 5g\. e"6fg /fli6«o k|hftflGqs kf6L{ -aLPg8LkL_ sf cWoIf cf/aL a:g]tsf] k|ltlqmof o:tf] 5– xfdLnfO{ e"6fgdf xfd|f] vf]l;Psf] 3/hUuf, ;DklQ, gful/stf lkmtf{ u/L dfG5]sf] ?kdf :jfledfgsf ;fy ;'/Iffsf] Uof/]G6L glbP;Dd hf“b}gf}+. e"6fgLx¿ bf];|f] k6s z/0ffyL{ aGg rfx“b}gg\, To;}n] e"6fgn] b]vfPsf] kl5Nnf] ;xdlt klZrdL /fi6«x¿sf] a9\b} uPsf] e"6fgdflysf] bafa /f]Sb} ljZjsf] cf“vfdf 5f/f] xfNg] /0fgLlts rfn xf]. csf{ z/0ffyL{ g]tf Pjd\ e"6fg Go"h cgnfOgsf k|wfg ;Dkfbs /fs]z If]qLsf cg';f/, e"6fgLx¿nfO{ k"0f{ ;'/Iff / pgLx¿sf] vf]l;Psf] ;DklQ lkmtf{ geP;Dd kmls{g] cj:yf cfp“b}g. e"6fgleqsf xfnsf e"6fgLx¿n] kfPsf clwsf/ / cj;/sf] Uof/]G6L ub}{ /fi6«;+3Lo cg'udg 6f]nLnfO{ e"6fgleq cg'udg ug{ glbP cf?g} OR5fn] kms{g] e"6fgL klg km]l/ z/0ffyL{ eP/ lg:sg'kg]{5.

csf{ z/0ffyL{ g]tf Pjd\ n]vs xl/k|;fb clwsf/Ln] @( dfr{df ‘/fhfwfgL’df 5flkPsf] Ps n]vdf eGg'ePsf] 5– e"6fgsf] u[xdGqfnoleq kg]{ hgu0fgf Pjd\ k~hLs/0f ljefu h;n] e"6fgLx¿sf] a;]{lg hgu0fgf u5{ / oxL cEof;n] Toxf“sf clws[tx¿n] e"6fgsf k|To]s 3/sf] ;f/f ljj/0f d'vfu| kf/]sf] s'/f s;}nfO{ kTof/ gnfu] klg jf:tljstf xf]. o;/L u[xsfo{ u/]/ jftf{df a;]sf e"6fgL 6f]nL cf?gf kIfdf km};nf ug'{kg]{ x'“bf hDdf Ps nfv e"6fgL;DaGwL km};nfdf k'Ug ;Ktfxsf] ;do klg gnfUg'kg]{ xf]. ;d:of nDAofpg] / jftf{ l9nf] ug]{ clg ljZj / g]kfnnfO{ em'Sofpg] pBddf nfu]sf] e"6fg ;/sf/n] juL{s/0f / k|df0fLs/0f eg]/ cem} !@ jif]{ ;do lng] s'/f k|dfl0ft eO;s]sf] 5. To;sf] pbfx/0fsf] ?kdf ljZj ;d'bfo;dIf jf ljZj ;Dd]ngdf x'G5–x'G5, xfdL klg cft'/ 5f}+, ;d:of ;dfwfg ug]{5f}+ eGg] clg g]kfn;“usf] jftf{df oltn] dfGg] eP dfGg';\, gdfGg] eP xfd|f] 6fpsf] b'Vg] s'/f xf]Og eg]/ wDsL lbg] rng cem} rNb}5g\. ca g]kfn ;/sf/ / e"6fgL z/0ffyL{x¿n] lg0ff{os kfOnf] p7fpg'kg]{ a]nf cfPsf] 5.

z/0ffyL{x¿aLr e"6fg ;/sf/k|lt ljZjf; l;h{gf eOg;s]sf] ;Gbe{ x]bf{ z/0ffyL{ g]tfx¿ / e"6fg ;/sf/aLr klg ;+jfb ug'{, z/0ffyL{ k|ltlglwx¿nfO{ e"6fgdf e|d0f u/fpg' / ljZjf; hufpg' cTofjZos b]lvG5.

>L % dxf/fhflw/fh 1fg]Gb| jL/ ljqmd zfxb]jaf6 tLy{ofqfsf qmddf gof“lbNnLdf ef/tsf k|wfgdGqL c6nljxf/L jfhk]oLnufot /fhg]tfx¿l;t e]6]/ kf/:kl/s ?lrsf ljljw ljifox¿df s'/fsfgL ePsf] / To;a]nf e"6fgL z/0ffyL{ ;d:ofaf/] klg rrf{ p7'g\ :jfefljs x'g] ePsf] / xfn} @& dfr{df ef/tsf k|wfgdGqLsf /fli6«o ;'/Iff ;Nnfxsf/ a|h]z ld>n] lyDk'sf] ofqf ubf{ af]8f] pNkmf / sfdtfk'/L ljb|f]xLx¿n] e"6fgdf lzlj/ v8f u/]sf] af/] / e"6fgL z/0ffyL{ ;d:ofaf/] ;d]t s'/f u/]sf] ;dfrf/nfO{ x]bf{ ef/tLo u'8 clkm; pQm ;d:of ;dfwfg ug]{tkm{ kl/rflnt ePsf] ;xh cg'dfg ug{ ;lsG5. ;fpy Ansl;t ;d]t glhs /x]sf ef/tLo gful/s dx]Gb| kL nfdfsf] ‘ef]6fª’ gof“ lbzfsf] vf]hdf’ zLif{ssf] lxdfn #) dfr{df k|sflzt n]vsf] of] c+z /f]rs 5– cfhsf] ef]6fªnfO{ y'k|} r'gf}tLx¿n] klg 3]/]sf 5g\. z/0ffyL{x¿n] v]k]]sf si6 / cGofon] ef]6fªnfO{ abgfdL l;jfo s]xL lbPsf] 5}g. x/]s z/0ffyL{nfO{ dof{bf;“u lkmtf{ n}hfg' g} ef]6fªsf] bL3{sfnLg lxtdf 5. gqeg] l:ylt ef]6fªn] ;Dxfn]/ ;Dxflng g;Sg] klg x'g;S5. cft+sjfb / ef]6fª jl/kl/sf lx+;fTds l:yltb]lv ef]6fª hf]lug} k5{. houfp“–km'g;f]lnªsf] l;dfgfdf ef]6fªn] agfPsf] b'O{ lsnf] ld6/ nfdf] kvf{nn], ef]6f·]x¿ cQflnPsf] b]vfp“5. csf]{lt/ ef]6fªleq} x'ls{Psf] gof“lk9Ln] ‘aflx/ x]g]{’ gLlt g} dg k/fp“5.’

e"6fg ;/sf/n] z'?df lzlj/df ePsf dfG5] eGg]] uy]{, e"6fgL gful/sx¿ Toxf“ 5g\ / pgLx¿ z/0ffyL{ x'g\ eg]/ klg dfGg tof/ lyPg. kl5 s]xL ha/h:tL lgsflnPsf, s]xL :j]R5fn] 5f]8]sf / s]xL ck/fwL cleof]usf ePklg lzlj/df e"6fgL 5g\ eg]/ dfGg' k¥of]. ca :j]R5fn] kms{g rfxg]x¿nfO{ kmsf{p“5' eGg yfn]sf 5g\. ljnDa ug]{ rfnafhL klg pbfl·;s]sf] 5. cf?gf gful/sx¿nfO{ gkmsf{P/ w/ gkfpg] l:ylt pTkGg eO;s]sf] 5.

sfd/]8 / PghLcf]

d'gf yfkf

hsfn sfd/]8 / PghLcf]sf] v'a bf]:tL a9]sf] 5. ulx/f] bf]:tL. cfTdLo bf]:tL. ;“u} dg]{ ;“u} af“Rg], ;“u} kmNg] km'Ng] jfrfaGwg u/]sf 5g\ pgLx¿n] clxn]. :ki6;“u eGg'kbf{ sfd/]8 / PghLcf] clxn]sf] cj:yfdf kof{ojfrL g} eO;s]sf 5g\. PghLcf] eGg' g} sfd/]8 / sfd/]8 eGg' g} PghLcf] ePsf] 5. g]kfnL e"lddf Pssf] cefjdf csf]{sf] s'g} cf}lrTo / cl:tTj /x“b}g. af“Rg] cfwf/, ;+/If0f / ljsf; c;Dej 5, b'O{ Pscfk;df 5'6] eg]. To;}n] sfd/]8sf] cf}lrTo / cl:tTj /fVg PghLcf] / PghLcf]sf] cf}lrTo / cl:tTj /fVg sfd/]8 geO{ ;Dej 5}g. PghLcf] af“Rg' sfd/]8 / sfd/]8 af“Rg PghLcf] rflxG5. To:t} PghLcf]sf] ;+/If0f / ljsf; ug{ sfd/]8 / sfd/]8sf] ;+/If0f / ljsf; ug{ PghLcf] ckl/xfo{ ePsf] 5.

sfd/]8sf] dfg, ;Ddfg, OHht, k|lti7f j}ej, k|efj, x}l;ot…. ;a} PghLcf]sf] b]g xf] eg] b]zsf] s'gfsfKrf;Dd PghLcf]n] afx'Notf sfod ug{ ;kmn x'g' sfd/]8sf] b]g xf]. s'g} ;dodf sfd/]8 / PghLcf]aLr 7"nf] vf8n lyof]. cfd k|f0fLx¿nfO{ sfd/]8 / PghLcf]aLrsf] vf8n ck"/0fLo 5 eGg] s'/fsf] 7f]s'jf uy]{. oL b'O{ Pscfk;sf v"a lj/f]wL lyP.

logLx¿aLr 7"nf] j}dg:otf / zq'tf lyof]. sfd/]8 PghLcf]sf] k|v/ / s§/ lj/f]wL lyP. sfd/]8n] efif0f ubf{ v/f] zAbdf PghLcf]sf] vf]O/f] vg]/ hgtf ttfp“y]. s8f zAbdf eT;{gf / cfnf]rgf uy]{. PghLcf] klg sfd/]8sf] v'j} lj/f]wL eP/ xf]nf slxNo} sfd/]8sf] ;ldkdf ePsf] yfxf lyPg. slxNo} sfd/]8;“u lgs6 ePsf] b]lvPsf] lyPg. ;“w}+ 6f9f, hlxNo} 6f9f. t/ clxn] logLx¿aLrsf] vf8n k"0f{¿kdf k'l/;s]sf] 5, Tof] klg :yfoL¿kdf. :yfoL ¿kd} ;a} t'; / s6'tf kvfln;s]sf] 5. To;}n] PghLcf]lj/f]wL sfd/]8sf] x'“sf/ clxn] 7Kk ePsf] 5. PghLcf] klg sfd/]8sf] g;f–g;fdf k'lu;s]sf] 5. sfd/]8n] RofKg] eftsf] uf“; PghLcf]n] g} lbPsf] xf].sfd/]8 a:g] af;:yfg PghLcf]]]]]]]]n] g} lbPsf] xf]. sfd/]8n] nufPsf j:q PghLcf]n] g} Joj:yf ul/lbPsf] xf]. sfd/]8 ;jf/ x'g] ;fwg PghLcf]n] g} pknAw u/fPsf] xf].

cflv/ o:tf] kl/jt{g s;/L cfof] eGg] s'/fsf] nfdf] ;do;Ddsf] cWoog / cg';Gwfgaf6 d}n] Pp6f lnlvt k|ltj]bg tof/ kf/]sf] 5'. k|ltj]bg cf?gf kf7s;fd' cfkm+} o;/L ;fj{hlgs x'G5– Tolta]nf sfd/]8 klg :jR5 5ljsf lyP. lg:sk6 / lg:jfyL{ lyP. TofuL / tk:jL lyP. ;xLdfu{df lx+8\y]. nf]e, df]x, qmf]wb]lv sfd/]8 sf]zf}+sf]z 6f9f lyP. dfS;{jfb, n]lggjfb, dfcf]jfb, hahh:tf l;4fGtnfO{ sfd/]8 dfu{blz{t lyP.

gLlt, l;4fGt, ljrf/af6 lglb{i6 lyP. pgsf] nIo Pp6} lyof], ;j{xf/f ju{sf] clwgfosTj :yfkgf / ;dfhsf] ¿kfGt/0f ug'{. PghLcf]af6 lelqg] ljs[lt, lj;+ultn] ;dfh ¿kfGt/0f ug{ afws 5 eGg] s'/fdf sfd/]8 ;r]t lyP. To;}n] Tolta]nf pgL PghLcf]sf] vf]O/f] vGy]. v]bf] kfOnf] uy]{.

@)$^ ;fnkl5 sfd/]8nfO{ klg ;fj{hlgs nfesf] kb wf/0f ug{ dg nfu]5. c?sf] ;'v–;'ljwf P];–cf/fd b]v]/ t emg sfd/]8n] h] u/L eP klg h;/L eP klg Tof] kb wf/0ff u/]/} 5f8\g] wf]sf] lnP5g\. p8\bfb]lv u'8\bf;Dd, lrofsf] ;'sf]{b]lv eftsf] uf“;;Dd, ukmb]lv efif0f ubf{;Ddsf sfd/]8sf] Wofg ToxL kbdf s]lGb|t x'g yfn]5. t} klg sfd/]8n] Tof] kb kfpg ;s]g5g\ / Ps lbg Tof] kb s;/L k|fKt ug]{ eGg] ;DaGwdf dgf] tk:ofdf a;]5g\. Ps lbg k};f geO{ Tof] kb wf/0f ug{ c;Dej eGg] 1fg k|fKt u/]5g\ sfd/]8n]. t/ Tof] k};f s;/L k|fKt ug]{ eGg] ;DaGwdf km]l/ sfd/]8 Wofg ug{ a;]5g\. Pslbg To;af/]df klg 1fg k|fKt eP5, PghLcf];“u c+sdfn ug'{k5{ eGg]. To;kl5 sfd/]8n] klxn]sf ;a} /L;, O{v, t'5 la;]{/ Ps lbg s'b]/ uP/ PghLcf]nfO{ c+sdfn u/L Ifdf dfu]5g\. sfd/]8sf] cg'go ljgoaf6 PghLcf]nfO{ s] vf]H5g\ sfgf] cf“vf g} eP5.

PghLcf]nfO{ /fd|/L yfxf lyof]– b]zdf sfd/]8x¿sf] af]njfnf 5. ha;Dd sfd/]8nfO{ xft lng ;lsGg, ta;Dd cf?gf] lj:tf/ x'g ;Sb}g eGg] PghLcf]n] klxn]b]lv g} ;r]t /x]5g\, To;}n] p;n] klg lbn v'nfP/ sfd/]8;“u c+sdfn u/L ;xsfo{ ug]{ ;Demf}tfdf x:tfIf/ ul/lbP5. To;}n] cfhsfn sfd/]8sf] b]zdf, 7fp“df v'a km'lt{kmftL{ a9]sf] /x]5. ca t sfd/]8 h] ug{ klg ;Sg] eP5g\. k};fsf] /jfkmn] u'08f, k|zf;g, sfo{stf{, dflyNnf:t/sf g]tf, kf6L{ ;a} sfd/]8s} sAhfdf 5g\. ca t r'gfpdf sfd/]8n] ;lhn} l6s6 kfp5g\ c/]. a'y SofKr/ ug]{, u'08f kl/rfng ug{, hgtf lsGg, k|zf;g lsGg, dx“uf–dx“uf krf{ kDn]6 lsGg sfd/]8sf] afx]s c?sf] x}l;ot 5}g ca. ca lgs6 eljiod} sfd/]8n] Tof] kb wf/0f ub}{5g\. cjZo ug]{5g\.

g]kfnL hgtfsf] Pp6} rfxgf jftf{sf] ;kmntf

6+s kGt

;ft jif{ nfdf] o'4nfO{ zflGtjftf{af6 6'+uf] nufpg] p2]Zon] g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ sf] jftf{6f]nL /fhwfgL cfPsf] 5. ;ft jif{cl3 d"Noj[l4, cGofo–cTofrf/lj?4 /f“s] h'n';df bf}8g] 8f= afa'/fd e§/fO{ dfcf]jfbLsf] jftf{ ;+of]hs eP/ sf7df8f}+ cfpg'ePsf] 5. ;ft jif{;Dd pxf“ e"ldut eP/ ‘hgo'4’ gfdsf] cfGbf]ngsf] g]t[Tjdf /xg'eof]. cGofo, cTofrf/lj?4 dlxgf !% lbgdf kqsf/ ;Dd]ng u/L cf?gf] kf6L{sf] wf/0ff ;fj{hlgs ug]{ g]tf ;ft jif{kl5 ;fj{hlgs x'“bf :jfefljs¿kdf ;a}nfO{ rf;f]sf] ljifo x'g] g} eof].

vf; u/L ;ft jif{cl3sf bfx«Ljfnf 8f= ;fk clxn] s:tf] x'g'eof] xf]nf eGg] rf;f] klg x'g' :jfefljs lyof]. dfcf]jfbLsf cWoIf k|r08 Tolt v'nf g} gePsfn] hgtfn] s:tf]–s:tf] eGg]d} 5g\. t/ 8f=e§/fO{ t v'nf /fhgLlt ubf{ub}{ hgo'4sf] 3f]if0ff x'gf;fy e"ldut eO{ ;ft jif{sf] k"/f cjlw latfPkl5 ;fj{hlgs x'g'ePsf] 5. To;}n] pxf“sf] cg'xf/ x]g{ klg hgrf;f] a9L lyof]. pxf“ / pxf“sf ;xof]uLx¿ ;/sf/;“u jftf{ ug]{ p2]Zon] sf7df8f}+ cfpg'ePsf] 5. 8f= e§/fO{ ;fj{hlgs x'g] lbg cGt/f{li6«o ;Dd]ng s]Gb|df kqsf/x¿sf] Jofks pkl:yltnfO{ dfcf]jfbLn] Jojl:yt ug{ g;Sg' eg] kqsf/x¿sf nflu v]bsf] ljifo x'g k'Uof].

dfcf]jfbLsf jl/i7 g]tf 8f= e§/fO{sf ;fydf jftf{6f]nL ;b:o /fdaxfb'/ yfkf -afbn_ klg ;“u} ;fj{hlgs x'g'ePsf] 5. jftf{6f]nLs} ;b:o s[i0faxfb'/ dx/f, dft[sf ofbj, b]j u'?ª klg /fhwfgL cfO;Sg'ePsf] 5. ;ft jif{;Dd d'n'sn] ef]Ug'k/]sf] kL8faf6 hgtf 56k6fO/x]sf] a]nf zflGtsf nflu jftf{ k|f/De x'“b}5 eGbf g} v'zL nfu]sf] 5. h;sf] ;kmntfsf] nflu x/If]qaf6 sfdgf klg ul/Psf] 5. jftf{af6} ;d:ofsf] ;dfwfg vf]Hg'kg]{ cfjZostf /fhgLlts bn / gful/s ;dfhn] klxn]b]lv g} eGb} klg cfPsf x'g\ t/ klg ljutsf zf;sx¿n] To;nfO{ Tolt jf:tf u/]gg\. ut jif{ Ps k6s jftf{df a;]/ klg u[xsfo{df ePsf] uDeL/ sdhf]/Lsf sf/0f aLr}df jftf{ e+u eof]. jf:tjdf Toltv]/} jftf{ ;kmn ePsf] eP d'n'sn] 7"nf] Iflt a]xf]g'{kg]{ lyPg. e|i6x¿n] jftf{ ug]{ lhDd]jf/L kfP, pgLx¿n] cfkm"nfO{ ;+s'lrt dfgl;stfnfO{ x6fpg ;s]gg\.

ut jif{sf] jftf{ e+u ePkl5 lat]sf] Ps jif{df hlt d'n'sn] Iflt a]xf]g'{k¥of], To;cufl8 ^ jif{df klg a]xf]g'{k/]sf] lyPg xf]nf. dfcf]jfbLsf] cfGbf]ngsf] tl/sf slt 7Ls lyof] slt a]7Ls lyof] Tof] 5nkmnsf] ljifo x'g;S5 t/ cfGbf]ngsf] pAhgL s;/L eof] eGg] s'/fdf eg] s'g} låljwf 5}g. @)$^ ;fnsf] hgcfGbf]ngaf6 k|fKt clwsf/sf] pkof]ueGbf b'?kof]u ug]{ sfo{ a9\b} hfg'sf ;fy} k|ltkIfsf] s'/f ;'Gg} g;Sg] cj:yfdf ;QfkIf k'Uof]. cfGbf]ng ug]{ klg xfdL g} xf}+, vfg] klg xfdL g} xf}+ eGg] 9+un] ;QfkIf k'u]sf] s'/fdf s'g} z+sf 5}g. cfGbf]ngdf dfcf]jfbLnfO{ xf]ldg afWo kfg]{ ax'bnsf] vf]n cf]9]/ ;Qfdf k'u]sf zf;sx¿ g} x'g\, h;nfO{ Oltxf;af6 d]6fpg vf]h]/ klg s;}n] d]6fpg ;Qm}g.

hgcfGbf]ngkl5 ag]sf] g]kfnL sf+u|];sf] ax'dtsf] ;/sf/n] )$^ ;fndf ;“u} cfGbf]ng u/]sf jfdkGyLx¿nfO{ klg k"0f{tM a]jf:tf ug{ yfNof]. ;+;b\df p7]sf / p7fOPsf s'g} klg s'/fnfO{ uDeL/tfk"j{s lnOPg. olt;Dd ls ;/sf/n] hgcfjfh ;'gf];\, hgtfsf] lxtsf] lglDt Wofg b]cf];\ eg]/ bafa:j¿k ;+;b\ alxisf/ ubf{ ;/sf/n] To;nfO{ cj;/ jf df}sfsf] ¿kdf lnP/ Ps hgf dGqL, Ps hgf af]Ng] jQmf / Ps hgf ;efd'v dfq} eP/ klg ;+;b\ rnfof]. hgtfsf] k|ltlglwTj ePsf] elgPsf] ;+;b\ To;/L;Dd rNof]. ?s'd, /f]Nkfsf hgtfnfO{ jfdkGyL ePs} cfwf/df olt w]/} d'2f nufof] To;sf] s'g} ;Ldf ePg. ?s'd, /f]Nkfdf Tof] cTofrf/ dRofpg] zf;sx¿nfO{ clxn] klg 5fgL5fgL sf/afxL ug'{kg]{ xf]. Tof] cTofrf/ /f]Sg ;+;b\df ;a} k|ltkIfn] Ps cfjfhn] eGbf klg ;/sf/n] ax'dtsf] zf;gnfO{ gdfGg] eGb} pN6} wDsLsf] efiff k|of]u u¥of], To;}n] klg dfG5]x¿ ljb|f]xdf plqP. ?s'daf6 xfdL cGofodf k¥of}+ eg]/ %) hgfsf] 6f]nL cfP/ k|wfgdGqLnfO{ 1fkgkq klg lbof] t/ ;'g'jfO{ ePg.

ut xKtf ;+;bLo cWoog ljsf; ;+:yfkgfåf/f cfof]lht Ps sfo{qmddf dfcf]jfbL g]tf s[i0faxfb'/ dx/fn] tTsfnLg ;efd'v bdggfy 9'+ufgfs} 5]pdf a;]/ eGg'ePsf] lyof]–‘hgtfsf] ;+;b\df Ps hgf af]Ng] jQmf, Ps hgf ;efd'v / Ps hgf dGqL dfq eP/ klg ;+;b\ rnfof]. of] t hglj/f]wL sfdsf] Ps dfq pbfx/0f lyof]. o:tf pbfx/0f y'k|} 5g\ To;}n] klg xfdL ;+;b\af6 h+un k:g'k¥of].’ dx/fsf] 5]pd} /xg'ePsf Toltv]/sf ;efd'v bdggfy 9'+ufgfn] dx/fsf] s'/fnfO{ :jLsf/ ub}{ jf:tjdf To;/L ;+;b\ rnfOg' x'“b}gYof] egL ljutdf uNtL ePsf] oyfy{ cf}+Nofpg'eof]. ;Qf l6sfpg] gfddf ljb]zLsf ;fd' 3'“8f 6]Sg]b]lv lnP/ hglj/f]wL sfddf nfu]sf] ;/sf/n] hgtfsf] cfjfhnfO{ slxNo} ;'g]g. e|i6frf/ ug]{, x/If]qdf /fhgLtLs/0f ug]{b]lv lnP/ ;+j}wflgs c+ux¿nfO{ k|efljt kfg]{ cGt/f{li6«o dfgjclwsf/jfbL ;+:yfx¿nfO{ klg r'gf}tL lbg]h:tf sfdx¿nfO{ lg/Gt/tf dfq lbOPg, :yflkt ug]{, ;+:yfut ug]{ sfd eof]. a]/f]huf/ o'jfx¿ of]Uotfsf cfwf/df lgo'lQmeGbf klg kf6L{sf] ;b:osf cfwf/df lgo'lQm lbg] sfd x'g yfn]kl5 tL o'jfx¿ afWo eP/ ljb|f]xdf plqP, To;}n] ljb|f]xdf hfg afWo kfg]{ ax'bnjfbL vf]n cf]9]sf] lg/+s'z ;/sf/n] ;d:ofsf] ulx/fO{;Dd k'Ug] sf]lzz slxNo} u/]g. To;}n] klg xf]nf ^ jif{;Dd jftf{sf] gfd klg cufl8 ;fg{ ;/sf/n] rfx]g. To;sf] kmn hgtfn] olt g/fd|/L ef]Ug'k¥of] To;sf] s'g} ;Ldf g} ePg. ha dfcf]jfbLn] cfGbf]ng k|f/De u/]sf] lyof] To;sf] b'O{–tLg jif{;Dd lgbf]{if hgtfdfly klg /fHo;Qfn] cToGt} tfgfzfxL Jojxf/ u¥of]. cfGbf]ng bafpg] gfddf ?s'd–/f]Nkfsf 3/df ;f“em k/]kl5 aQL afNg klg glbg], aQL afn]/ a;]sf] b]v]df k|x/L 3/leq} a;]/ cft+s dRrfpg], lk6\g], b'Mv lbg], lu/?tf/ ug]{ h:tf sfo{x¿ x'g yfNof], h;n] ubf{ /fHo;Qflj?4 ;fdfGo hgtf klg nfUg yfn].

dfcf]jfbLn] klg cfGbf]ng rnfpg] gfddf h;/L ef}lts ;+/rgf Wj:t u/], ljrf/s} cfwf/df cGo /fhgLlts bnsf sfo{stf{ Pjd\ ;j{;fwf/0fnfO{ h;/L s/f}tLn] 3f“6L /]6]/ df/] Tof] eg] hgtfsf nflu c;˜o ePsf] lyof]. h;nfO{ hgtfn] slxNo} e'Ng ;Qm}g. ljb|f]xsf qmddf cg]s x'g;S5 eGg] l6Kk0fL klg ;'Gg] ul/Psf] 5 t/ Tof] l6Kk0fL;“u ;xdt x'g] s'g} cfwf/ 5}g. o'4 ;~rfng ljlw / o'4sf klg lgod x'G5g\. ;+;f/df x'g] o'4sf tl/sf x]bf{ klg To:tf] qm'/tf b]lv+b}g, To;}n] dfcf]jfbLn] klg cf?gf] sdhf]/LnfO{ :jLsf/ ug'{k5{. xltof/ b]vfP/ ;w+}el/ t;f{p5' eGg] ;f]r /fVg'x'“b}g. ;w+}el/ xltof/n] sfd ub}{g eGg] s'/f t dfcf]jfbL :jod\n] cem a9L a'em]sf] x'g'k5{. lsgls hgo'4sf] @–# jif{ t dfcf]jfbLsf lj?4 ;Qfn] cToflws¿kdf xltof/ k|of]u u/]s} xf] lg/ lu/?tf/ u/]sfnfO{ ls t dfl/lbg] geP ToxL aGb'sn] xfGg] u/]s} xf] t/ xltof/n] hgtfsf] d'v t y'lgPg. To;}n] b'j}kIfn] sdLsdhf]/LnfO{ :jLsf/ u/]/ cufl8 a9\g'k5{ / jftf{nfO{ kmnbfoL agfpg'k5{.

g]kfnL hgtf /f]uef]saf6 lklN;Psf 5g\, b]z ul/a eP klg g]kfnLx¿ ul/a 5}gg\. b]znfO{ vf]qmf] agfP/ cfkm" df]6fpg] g]kfnLsf] ;+Vof sdL 5}g. ljut !@ jif{df clwsf+z ;do ;Qfdf a:g]n] b]znfO{ s+ufn agfP t/ cfkm"x¿ hLjge/sf nflu rog u/]/ a:g] ;DklQ sdfP. lzIff If]qnfO{ c:tJo:t agfP clg cf?gf 5f]/f5f]/LnfO{ ljb]z k9\g k7fP. hgtfsf nflu k6Ss} ;f]lrPg. cfkm" ;Ddflgt x'g] gfddf b]z / hgtfsf] d'6'df 5'/f w:g];/xsf Jojxf/ eP / e}/x]sf 5g\. cfkm" / cf?gf glhssf JolQmx¿nfO{ kf]:g d"Noj[l4 ug]{h:tf sfd klg lg/Gt/ eO/x]sf 5g\. k|zf;gdf /x]sf sd{rf/Lx¿ s;/L cf?gf] 8\o'6L ;do k"/f ug]{ eGg]afx]s c? ;f]Rb}gg\\, b]z / hgtfsf] sfd l56f] u/f}+ eGg] pgLx¿n] slxNo} ;f]r]gg\. clxn] klg lbgel/ sfd u/]/ ;f“em vfg gk'Ug] hgtfsf] ;+Vof nfvf}+ 5. k9]/ hflu/ gkfpg] ;+Vof y'k|} 5 t/ lrghfgsf] cfwf/df gk9]sfn] cyf{t\ cof]Uox¿n] 7fp“ sAhf ug]{ ub{5g\ To;sf] lg/Gt/tf klg 5. cfly{s, ;fdflhs lx;fan] hgtf ;fx«} k5fl8 5g\, tL k5fl8 k/]sfnfO{ b]vfP/ ah]6 7"nfn] vfg] qmd /f]lsg'sf] ;f6f] al9/x]sf] 5. To;}n] klg hgtfdf ljb|f]x ePsf] xf]. cTofrf/sf] xb ePkl5 ljb|f]x x'G5. g]kfndf ToxL ePsf]n] ca ljb|f]xL hgtfnfO{ zfGt kfg{ ;j{k|yd cfly{s / ;fdflhs ljsf; x'g'k5{. To;sf nflu dfly pNn]v ul/Psf / c¿ af“sL hlt klg ;fdGtL ;f]r 5g\ ltgnfO{ TofUg'k5{ / TofUg afWo kfg]{ gLlt /fHon] lng'k5{. ;+;b\nfO{ ukm ug]{ cv8fsf] ¿kdf xf]Og b]z / hgtfsf nflu 5nkmn ug]{ / 5nkmnaf6 lg:s]sf] lgisif{nfO{ sfof{Gjog ug]{ ynf]sf] ¿kdf ljsf; ug'{k5{. ax'dtsf] gfddf h] klg ug{ kfOG5 eGg] ;f]rfOnfO{ ;w}+el/sf nflu cGTo ug]{ gLlt cjnDag ug'{k5{. hgtfnfO{ cGofo, cTofrf/af6 ;w}+el/sf nflu d'lQm lbg] pkfo vf]lhg'k5{ . uNtL u/] klg b08 gkfpg] l:ylt ca cfOGbf slxNo} x'“b}g eGg] ljZjf; hgtfnfO{ lbg'k5{. olb To;/L d'n'snfO{ cufl8 a9fpg] u/L jftf{ ul/of] eg] ToxL lgisif{sf ;fy jftf{ 6'+UofO{ s8fOsf ;fy kfngf ug]{ ;xdlt ePdf dfq b]zn] /fxt kfpg]5 / jftf{ ;kmn ePsf] dflgg]5. olb To;f] geO{ ulx/fO{df gk'uL jftf{ ul/of] / ;txLdf hfg yflnof] eg] hgtfn] vf]h]sf] kl/0ffd lgl:sg] 5}g. hgtfn] vf]h]sf] kl/0ffd cfPg eg] Psn] o'4lj/fd u5{ csf]{n] tL hgtfsf] g]t[Tj u5{ / ljb|f]x yftL /xG5. To;sf/0f oL ;a} kIfdf b'j} jftf{6f]nL k'Ug'k5{. of] b]zsf] lxt ePdf dfq} g]kfnL hgtfsf] lxt x'g] xf]. g]kfnL hgtfsf] ;'v g} d'n'ssf] ;'v xf], ToxL ljzfn efjgfsf ;fy jftf{ ;+jfb x'g'k5{. cfh ;a}n] Ps eP/ eg]sf] s'/f ToxL xf], hgefjgf zflGtsf] kIfdf 5. ljsf;sf] kIfdf 5. Tof] efjgfnfO{ a'em\g ;Sg'k5{ cfGbf]ng ug]{ clg g]tfx¿ ;/sf/df hfg] dfq sfd eof] eg] ljutsf] eGbf km/s x'g]5}g.

lgZro g} 8f= afa'/fd e§/fO{ cfkm}+df kl/kSj / cg'ejL klg x'g''x'G5. h;n] ljb|f]xL kIfaf6 jftf{df g]t[Tj ug'{x'G5. To;} u/L pxf“sf ;fydf /xg'ePsf g]tfx¿ klg ;+;b\b]lv cGo 9+un] v'nf /fhgLlt ub}{ w]/} a'em]sf] JolQmTj x'g'x'G5. To;}n] /fhgLltnfO{ v]nsf] ¿kdf dfq glnP/ lj1fg klg xf] eGg] 9+un] d'n'ssf] kl/l:ylt / hgefjgfnfO{ sb/ ug]{ lx;fan] jftf{ ug'{x'g]5 / ;/sf/L jftf{6f]nLn] klg ca ;fdGtL zf;g rNb}g, hgtfnfO{ lyrf]ldrf] u/]/ @! cf}+ ztflAbdf cufl8 a9\g ;ls+b}g eGg] s'/fnfO{ dgg ub}{ ljutdf zf;sx¿sf] sdhf]/Ln] ubf{ d'n'sn] slt Iflt a]xf]g'{k¥of] eGg] s'/fnfO{ dgdf /fvL b[9 / km/flsnf] d'6' agfP/ jftf{ ug'{k5{.

clxn] b]z slt sdhf]/ alg;s]sf] 5 eGg] s'/f dfcf]jfbLnufot ;a}nfO{ yfxf gePsf] s'/f xf]Og, g]kfnLx¿sf] efjgf ul/a geP klg g]kfn cToGt} ul/a ePsf] 5. o:tf] kL8f ;x]sf g]kfnL hgtfn] Ps} k6s d"Noj[l4sf] 7"n]f df/ ;xg'k/]sf] 5. l;p“bf] k'l5PsL gf/L, afa'cfdfaf6 jl~rt ePsf 6'x'/f 5f]/f5f]/L, cleefjs u'dfPsf ;dfhsf] cf“vfx¿af6 cf“z' aUg 5f]8]sf] 5}g, kl/jf/ g} 6'x'/f] eP/ ;f“em–laxfg k]6el/ vfg g;Sg] / ;a}yf]s u'dfpg afWo afnaflnsf, dlxnfnufotsf] kIftkm{ klg ;/sf/–dfcf]jfbL jftf{sf] Ph]G8f aGg'k5{ eGg] rfxgfnfO{ klg Wofg lbg'k5{.