gf/L ;dfgtf vt/gfs <

;dfgtfn] gf/L gSsnL k'?if aGg]l5g\ . k'?if;+u a/fa/L ug]{ xf]8 vt/gfs xf] . gf/L k'?ifeGbf g xLg 5g\ gt ;dfgg} . gf/L k'?if eGbf km/s 5g\ / xhf/f}+ jif{b]lv zf]lift klg . k|:t't 5, gf/L ;dfgtfsf] ax; rln/x]sf] ;Gbe{df ljnIf0f cf]zf]sf] Ps ljrf/f]Q]hs b[li6sf]0f .

dflg;sf] ;Dk"0f{ hflt, dg'iosf] ;Dk"0f{ hLjg, dg'iosf] ;Dk"0f{ ;Eotf / ;+:s[lt cw"/f] 5 lsgeg] gf/Ln] To; ;+:s[ltsf] lgdf{0fdf s'g} bfg, s'g} of]ubfg u/]sf] 5}g . gf/Ln] ug{ klg ;Sb}g . k'¿ifn] p;nfO{ ug]{ s'g} df}sf lbPsf] klg x}g . xhf/f}+ jif{b]lv gf/L k'¿ifeGbf gLr tyf ;fgf] / xLg dflgb} cfPsf 5g\ . s]xL t d'n's o:tf lyP h:tf] rLgdf, xhf/f}+ jif{b]lv of] dflgb} cfPsf] 5 ls gf/Lleq s'g} cfTdf x'Fb}g . oltdfq xf]Og, gf/Lsf] uGtL h8 kbfy{;Fu ul/GYof] . cfheGbf ;ojif{ klxn] rLgdf cfˆgL >LdtLsf] xTofdf s'g} k'¿ifnfO{ s'g} kltnfO{ s'g} ;hfoF lbOb}gYof] lsgeg] >LdtL ltgsf] ;Dkbf dflgGYof] . To;nfO{ hLljt /fvf];\ jf df/f];\ To;df sfg'g / /fHosf] s'g} ;DaGw lyPg .

ef/tdf klg gf/LnfO{ k'¿ifsf] ;dfgtfdf s'g} cj;/ / afFRg] cj;/ lyPg . klZrddf klg ToxL s'/f lyof] . a:t'tM ;Dk"0f{ zf:q tyf ;f/f ;Eotf tyf ;f/f lzIff k'¿ifx¿n] lgdf{0f u/]sf 5g\ To;}n] cfkm"nfO{ s;};Fu g;f]lwsg k'¿ifn] >]i7 dfg]sf] 5, gf/LnfO{ >]i7tf lbg] s'g} sf/0f 5}g . ;DejtM o;sf] 3fts kl/0ffd ePsf] 5 .

;aeGbf 3fts kl/0ffd s] eof] eg] gf/Lsf h'g u'0fx¿ lyP tL ;Eotfsf] ljsf;df ;xof]uL x'g ;s]g . ;Eotf PSn} k'¿if ju{n] ljsl;t u¥of] . PSnf] k'¿ifsf] xftaf6 h'g ;Eotf ljsl;t x'G5 To;sf] c+ltd kl/0ffd o'4 afx]s c¿yf]s x'g;Sb}g . PSnf] k'¿ifsf] u'0fdfly hf] hLjg lgld{t x'g]5 . Tof] hLjg hLjgnfO{ lx+;fafx]s cGoq nUg ;Sb}g . k'¿ifsf] k|j[lQdf, k'¿ifsf] lrQd} lx+;fsf] qmf]wsf], o'4sf] s'g} clgjfo{ c+z ljBdfg x'G5 .

gLT;]n] 3f]if0ff u/]sf 5g\ ls a'4 / qmfO:6 :q}0f -:qLsf] u'0f ePsf]_ lyP xf]nfg\ lsgeg] ltgn] s¿0ff k|]dsf olt s'/f u/]sf 5g\, tL s'/f k'¿ifsf u'0f x'g ;Sb}gg\ . gLT;]n] qmfO:6 / a'4nfO{ :qL h:tf] eg]sf 5g\, Ps cy{df ;DejtM ltgn] ;xL g} eg]sf x'g . Tof] o; cy{df ls hLjgdf hf] sf]dn u'0f 5g\, hLjgsf h'g klg dfw'o{n] el/Psf ;f}Gbo{, lzjsf] sNkgf tyf efjgf 5g\ tL gf/Lsf clgjfo{ :jefj x'g . dflg;sf] ;Eotf dfw'o{, k|]d / ;f}Gbo{n] kl/k"0f{ x'g;s]g, qm"/ / k'¿if x'g k'Uof], s7f]/ / lx+;s aGgk'Uof] tyf clGtd kl/0ffddf o;n] dfq o'4 NofpFb} /Xof] .

o;sf] k5fl8 b'O{ sf/0f 5g\– Ps, gf/Lsf] u'0fnfO{ s'g} ;Ddfg lbg ;lsPg / bf];|f], gf/Ln] slxn] cfˆgf] u'0fnfO{ ljsl;t kfg]{ s'g} r]i6f / ;lqmo pkfo ul/gg\ . tkfO{+nfO{ of] yfxf kfP/ cfZro{ nfUnf olb s'g} gf/L k'¿ifsf] u'0fdf cufl8 cfpFbl5g eg] p;nfO{ hf]g ckm cfs{ jf /fgL nIdL afO{ elgG5 / ;f/f ;+;f/df o; s'/fsf] k|z+;f x'G5 ls /fgL nIdL afO{ lgs} axfb'/, lgs} ;Ddfgof]Uo :qL x'g . t/ s] tkfO{+n] slxNo} ;'Gg'ePsf] 5, s'g} k'¿if gf/Lsf] u'0fdf ljsl;t x'ghfG5 eg] p;sf] slxn] s'g} ;Ddfg ePsf] 5 < olb s'g} k'¿if gf/Lh:tf] k|tLt x'G5 eg] To;sf] ckdfg x'ghfG5 / s'g} gf/L k'¿ifh:tf] k|tLt x'G5 eg] ltgsf] ;Ddfg ul/G5 / rf}af6f]df ltgsf] k|ltdf :yflkt ul/G5 .

k'¿ifn] cfˆgf] u'0fnfO{ clgjfo{¿kdf :jLsf/ u/]sf] 5 tyf gf/Ln] klg o;dfly :jLs[lt k|bfg u/]sf 5g\, of] lgs} cfZro{sf] s'/f xf] . gf/Ln] slxNo} ;f]r]gg, ltgsf] JolQmTjsf] klg s'g} ul/df, cfˆgf] s'g} :yfg, cfˆgf] s'g} k|lti7f 5 . o; tLg, rf/ xhf/ jif{sf] bf;tfkl5 Ps ljb|f]x, Ps k|ltlqmof Ps …l/PS;gÚ pTkGg x'g z'¿ eof] / dlxnfx¿n] of] 3f]if0ff ug{ k|f/De u/] ls xfdL k'¿ifx¿sf] ;dfg 5f}+ / a/fa/ x}l;ot tyf a/fa/ clwsf/ rfxfG5f}+ t/ km]l/ e"n e}/x]5 . gf/L k'¿ifeGbf g xLg g t ;dfg g} 5g\ . gf/L k'¿ifeGbf km/s 5g\, tL ljns'n} leGg 5g\ / ha;Dd gf/Ln] leGgtfsf] efiffdf cfˆgf] cnu JolQmTjsf] efiffdf ;f]Rg z'¿ ub}{gg ta;Dd tL of t k'¿ifsL bf; x'G5g\ jf k'¿ifsL cg'ofoL / oL b'j} l:ylt vt/gfs 5 .

klZrddf gf/Ln] Ps ljb|f]x u/]sf 5g\ / kl/0ffd s] eof] eg] gf/L k'¿if em}+ -a/fa/_ x'g] bf}8df, xf]8df ;fd]n ePsf 5g\ . hf] k'¿ifn] ub{5 / k'¿if h:tf 5g\ gf/LnfO{ klg To:t} rflxPsf] 5 . olb k'¿if n8\g o'4sf] d}bfgdf hfG5 eg] gf/LnfO{ klg ;}lgs ag]/ pkl:yt x'g'kg]{ o;sf] sNkgf klg ul/Pg ls k'¿ifsf] gSsndf gf/L ;w}+ låtLo sf]6L s} x'g]5g\, k|yd sf]6Lsf] slxNo} x'g ;Sb}g lsg eg] h'g u'0fdf tL k|lt:kwf{ ug{ u}/x]5g Tof] k'¿ifsf] nflu ;xh u'0f xf] / gf/Lsf nflu c;xh wd{ . o:tf] l:yltdf gf/L Psbd s'¿k, cfˆgf] :jefjaf6 Ro't x'g]5g\ / kl/0ffd Psbd 3fts x'g]5g\ . h;sf] xfdLn] sNkgf u/]sf 5}gf}+ .

h'g lzIff k'¿ifn] kfpF5g\ ToxL lzIff gf/LnfO{ lbg' cToGt vt/gfs, Psbd unt 5 . plrt s] 5 eg] k'¿if ul0ft l;Sb5, k'¿if lj1fg l;Sb5 eg] gf/Ln] c¿ g} s]xL o:tf] lrh l;sf];\ h'g k'¿ifn] l;Sb}g . To;nfO{ hLjgdf c¿ s]xL ug'{5 . pdfly k|]d / ;[hgsf cs}{ bfloTj 5 . ul0ft l;s]/ k;n rNg ;S5 xf]nf, aRrf x'sf{pg ;lsGg . lj1fgaf6 sf/vfgf rN5 xf]nf t/ kl/jf/ rNg ;Sb}g / kl/0ffd s] eof] eg] k'¿if ;/x bLIff, lzIff / ;dfgtfsf] efjn] gf/Ldf h'g dxTjk"0f{ dft[Tj, uf}/jk"0f{ kTgLTj lyof] Tof] ;a}n] o;n] vf];]sf] 5 . pleq h'g :qLTj lyof] tL ;a} gi6 kfg{ nfluPsf] 5 . tL nueu k'¿ifsf] gSsndf lgld{t e}/x]sf 5g\ / tL w]/} k|;Gg klg b]lvG5g\ . o; k|;Ggtfsf nflu xhf/ xhf/ cfF;' cfh x}g eg] ef]ln dlxnfx¿nfO{ v;fNg} kg]{5 .

;Dejt xfdLnfO{ o; s'/fsf] cg'dfg 5}g, gf/L / k'¿ifsf lrQdf d"ne"t cGt/ / leGgtf 5 / of] leGgtf cy{k"0f{ 5 . k'¿if / gf/Lsf] ;f/f cfsif{0f To;} leGgtfdf lge{/ 5 . ====hlt ltgsf] JolQmTj cgf}7f] / leGg x'G5g\, hlt Ps cfsf{ h:tf xf]Ogg\ a¿ Ps cfsf{sf kl/k"/s x'G5g\ Tolt ltgsf] aLrdf k|]dsf] hGd x'g]5 . olb k'¿if ul0ft hfGb5 / gf/L sfJo, ;+uLt jf g[To hfGbl5g eg] tL b'O{ Ps cfsf{sf a9L lgs6 cfpg] 5g\ .

klZrddf kl/jf/ 6'l6/x]5, ef/tdf klg kl/jf/ 6'6\g] 5 / o;sf] k5fl8 cfly{s sf/0f Tolt 5}g hlt gf/LnfO{ k'¿if ;/x lzlIft ul/g' xf] . k'¿if ;/x lzlIft eP/ gf/L Ps gSsnL k'¿if aGg k'lU5g\, ;SsnL gf/L aGg kfplbgg\ . ====gf/LnfO{ cfˆgf] gf/LTjnfO{ hf]ufpg' 5 . lxhf];Dd k'¿ifn] ltgnfO{ xLg 7fg], gLr 7fg] o;}n] Iflt k'Uof], cfh olb k'¿if ;xdt x'G5g\ ls ltdL xfd|f] a/fa/ xf]p, ltdL xfd|f] bf}8df ;lDdlnt xf]p eg] gf/L sxfF k'Ug] 5g\ k|Zg of] 5}g gf/LnfO{ Iflt k'Ug] 5, k|Zg of] 5 ls ;f/f hLjg gi6 x'g]5 .

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