Health Apsara (Nepal)

df]6f]kg x6fpg] ;/n pkfo

laxfg vfnL k]6 b'O{ tLg dlxgf;Dd !@% u|fd kfgL pdfn]/ lr;f] x'g lbg'k5{, dgtftf] /x]kl5 cfwL sfutLsf] /; tyf To;df b'O{ rDrf dx /fd|/L ld;fP/ lkpg'k5{ . of] k|of]u k|To]s lbg laxfg vfnL k]6df b'O{ tLg dlxgf;Dd sfod} /fv]df lhpsf] cgfjZos af];f] un]/ z/L/ cfsif{s ;d]t aGg]5 .

kYo -vfg x'g]_

q xn'sf ef]hg, ;ftfdf !–@ lbg pkjf; .

q xl/of] ;fukft tyf Ct' cg';f/sf] kmnsf] ;]jg .

q Jofofd – pQfgkfbf;g, e'h+uf;g, lq0f]i0f;g jf wg'/f;gdWo] s'g} cf;g lgoldt u/f}+ .

ckYo -vfg afg]{_

q lrof, skmL, u'lnof] tyf af];f] a9fpg] s'/fx¿ .

q vfgf vfPsf] nuQ} kfgL gvfpF, vfgfsf] Ps 8]9 306fkl5 g} kfgL vfpF lkpF .

of] cg'e"t of]u xf], o;af6 w]/} JolQm nfeflGjt ePsf 5g\ .

;|f]tM lg/f]u ;'v

jb]zL 8fS6/ eGg] ljlQs} ;a} pTs[i6 x'Fb}gg\

ljZjljho l3ld/] emfkfsf ljlnIf0f a'l4rfn v]nf8L . cfFvfdf kl§ afFw]/ df]/Ësf ljho yfkf;/x v]Ng ;Sg], k"jf{~rnsf zLif{:y v]nf8L . /fli6«o :t/sf k|ltof]lutfdf pNn]vgLo k|bz{g . sf7df8f}+ dxfgu/kflnsfåf/f ;~rflnt k|ltof]lutfdf …aLÚ af]8{df 6k, gy{ a+ufn cf]kg k|ltof]lutfdf bf];|f] e};s]sf ;dlk{t a'l4rfnk|]dL / d]rL gu/kflnsfsf lgjf{lrt ;b:o klg . clxn] pgn] Pp6f v'§f u'dfpg' k/]sf] 5 . l;nLu'8Ll:yt ef/tLo 8fS6/sf] nfk/jfxLn] ut h]7 @$ ut] sfs8le§fg]/ pgsf] df]6/;fOsn b'3{6gf eof] . b'3{6gf eLif0f lyof] . v'§fsf] aLrsf] Pp6f efu g} pl5l§Psf] lyof] . t'¿Gt} l;nLu'8Ll:yt ;g\ /fOh gl;{ª xf]ddf egf{ ul/of] . pgs} zAbdf ck/]zg ug'{kg]{ atfP/ ToxfF @–# lbg To;} /flvof] . kl5 …OGkm]S;gÚ eof] . clg ToxfFsf] 8fS6/ hLj]z /fh rf}w/Ln] cs:dft ;lSbg eGb} Pkf]nf] -c:ktfn_ nUg' kg]{ atfP t/ d oxfF cfP, aL Pg aL c:ktfn sf7df8f}+df sfl6Psf] v'§f b]vfpFb} ljZjljhon] atfP . 8f= czf]s afF;sf]6fn] w]/} k|of; u/] . ;dod} cfOk'u]sf] eP 8f= afF;sf]6fn] arfpg ;Sy] xf]nf . olt ljZjf; lsg 5 < o; k|Zgdf pgsf] hjfkm 5, ef/taf6 kms]{sf s];nfO{ klg 7Ls kf/]sf] yfxf kfP/ . t/ vr{ eg] rsf]{ 5 . ef/tdf v'§f ljuf/]/ klg pgn] 8f= rf}w/LnfO{ &@ xhf/ ef¿ ltg'{ k¥of] . kl5 l;nLu'8Lb]lv sfs8le6fsf ;d]t ljZjljhosf z'e]R5'sx¿n] 8f= rf}w/LnfO{ kqm] . @% xhf/ ef¿ lkmtf{ x'g] t eof] t/ v'§f == . pgL ca ckfË ePsf 5g\ . t/ ljZjljhodf cem xf};nf 5 . s[lqd v'§fn] cufl8 a9\g] pgsf] of]hgf 5 . a'l4rfn ;+3sf ;fyLx¿n] w]/} kxn u/]sf] pgL atfpF5g . lzIff / k//fi6« dGqLsf] xf};nf klg pgn] kfPsf 5g\ . / ;aeGbf xf};nf wd{kTgL kb\df k|wfgsf] 5 hf];Fu pgn] k|]d ljjfx u/]sf 5g\ . Hofg afFRof] d o;}df v'zL 5' . ;/n kb\dfsf] k|ltlqmof lyof] . t/ s] pgnfO{ 7f]; ;xof]u k'¥ofpg' /fli6«o v]ns'b kl/ifb\ jf cf]nlDks sldl6sf] bfloTj xf]Og < t/ ;fgf v]nsf oL 7"nf lbnsf v]nf8Ltkm{ Wofg lbg] km';{b sfd ljgfsf Jo:t 7"nf a8fx¿nfO{ 5 <

– cK;/f Jo'/f]

gjhft lzz'df b]vf kg]{ kx]+nf]kg

gjhft cj:yfdf lzz'x¿df b]vfkg]{ cg]sf}+ hl6n ;d:ofx¿ dWo] kx]+nf]kg ;jf{lws ;fdfGo ;d:of xf] / o; cjlwdf clwsf+z lzz'x¿df of] ;d:of b]vf kb{5 .

s'g} aRrf kx]+nf] eP/ g} hGdg], s'g}–s'g} hGd]sf] klxnf] jf bf];|f] lbgdfg} kx]+nf] b]lvg] ub{5g\ eg] clwsf+z lzz'x¿ t];|f], rf}+yf] lbgdf kx]+nf] eO{ *–!) lbgdf kx]+nf]kg x/fO{ ;fljs cj:yfdf cfpF5g\ . t/ s]xL aRrfx¿df kx]+nf]kg nfdf] cjlw;Dd klg /xg ;S5 .

gjhft lzz' kx]+nf] b]v]kl5 cfdf afa' lrlGtt b]lvg' :jfefljs xf] . o;sf] k/LIf0f pkrf/ tyf lzz'nfO{ ;xof]u k'¥ofpg To;df ;+nUg :jf:Yo sfo{stf{sf] bfloTj xf] .

gjhft lzz' lsg kx]+nf] x'G5 <

j[4, jo:s jf gjhft lzz' h'g;'s} pd]/sf] eP klg /utdf ljln¿ljgsf] efu gd{n
-)=$–! ld=u|f=_ eGbf a9L ePdf kx]+nf]kg b]vf kg{ ;Sb5 . la/fdLsf] z/L/df ljBdfg ljln¿ljgsf] dfqf cg';f/ kx]+nf]kg ;aeGbf a9L cfFvfsf] ;]tf] efudf, lha|fsf] tNnf] efudf, clg cg'xf/, gª, z/L/ tyf v'§f / k}tfnfdf b]vf kb{5 . To;}n] z/L/ kx]+nf] x'g' eg]sf] /utdf ljln¿ljgsf] dfqf a9L x'g' xf] / sf/0f cg';f/ la/fdLsf] pkrf/ ug{' kb{5 .

ljln¿ljg eg]sf] s] xf] / z/L/df s;/L k}bf x'G5 <

dfgj z/L/df s/La ! k|ltzt /ftf /Qmsl0fsfx¿ lbgx'F x|f; x'G5g\ / Tolt g} dfqfdf gofF /Qmsl0fsfx¿ aGb5g\ . /ftf /Qmsl0fsfx¿sf] d[To' vf;u/L x]df]Unf]ljgaf6 /utdf k}bf x'g] tTjsf] gfd xf] ljln¿ljg . of] /utdf PSa'ldg;Fu ;dfj]z eO{ /Qm k|jfxdf ;lDdlnt ePsf] x'G5 / sn]hf]df uO{ lkQsf] gnLaf6 ;fgf] cfGb|fdf hfG5 . clg lbzf / lkzfasf] dfWodaf6 z/L/af6 aflx/ lgisfl;t x'G5 .

ljln¿ljg b'O{ lsl;dsf] x'G5 – -s_ ck|ToIf ljln¿ljg / -v_ k|ToIf ljln¿ljg . dl:tissf sf]lzsfx¿nfO{ gi6 u/L :gfo' k|0ffnLnfO{ g} Iflt k'¥ofpFb5 . h;nfO{ sg{OS6]/; elgG5 . o;sf] kl/0ffd:j¿k afns eljiodf ;':t dgl:ylt, ckfË jf d[To' klg x'g ;S5 .

gjhft lzz'df ljln¿ljg a9L x'gfsf sf/0f

!= sn]hf] sdhf]/ / ckl/kSj sn]sf] x'gfsf] sf/0fn] ;fwf/0f ultdf /ftf /Qm sl0fsfx¿ lj:v08g x'g] x'Fbf klg ck|ToIf ljln¿ljg, k|ToIf ljln¿ljgdf l9nf] l9nf] kl/jt{g x'g' .

@= cTolws dfqfdf x]df]Unf]ljg gi6 x'g' .

hl08; slt lsl;dsf] x'G5 < Jofjxfl/s k|of]usf] nflu kx]+nf]kgnfO{ b'O{ ;d"xdf afF8\g ;lsG5 .

s_ ;fdfGo hl08; / v_ c;fdfGo hl08; .

csf]{ tl/sfaf6 ljefhg ug]{ xf] eg]

!= hGd]sf] b'O{ lbg leq} x'g] hl08; /

@= b'O{ lbg kl5 b]vfkg]{ hl08; .

;fdfGo hl08; M lzz' hGd]sf] #–$ lbgkl5 b]vfk/]sf] kx]+nf]kg *–!) lbgdf lagf pkrf/ :jo+ x/fP/ hfG5 . s]an aRrfnfO{ 3fddf /fv] k'U5 / cfdfsf] b"w a/fa/ v'jfO{ /fVg'kb{5 . :j:Yo aRrfx¿df klg kx]+nf]kg b]lvP tfklg aRrf ;lqmo, xFl;nf] / ;'Gb/ g} eO/fVb5 . xfd|f] b]zsf] s'g} ;d'bfodf ;+:s[lt cg';f/ ;'Ts]/L cfdf cw]+/f] sf]7fdf n'sfP/ /fVg] rng 5 . Gjf/fg gu/];Dd cfdf / aRrf b'a}n] ;"o{sf] bz{g ug'{ x'Fb}g eGg] unt k/Dk/f 5 .

hGdFbf g} jf hGd]sf] b'O{ lbgkl5 b]lvg] hl08;

olb s'g} lzz' kx]+nf] eP/ g} hGdg] jf hGdsf] b'O{ lbg leq kx]+nf]kg b]lvg cfof] eg] of] c;fdfGo xf] . of] d'Votof lgDg sf/0faf6 x'G5 . != lx|;; g]u]l6e cfdfaf6 lx|;; kf]h]l6e hGd]df @= cfdfsf] /Qm ;d"x …cf]Ú u|'k / aRrfsf] /Qm ;d"x …PÚ jf …aLÚ ePdf . #= aRrfsf] /Qms0fdf Ps k|sf/sf] OGhfOd sd ePdf .

;fwf/0ftof hl08;sf] pkrf/ / Joj:yfkg p;sf] sf/0f / ljln¿ljgsf] dfqfdf e/ kb{5 .
To;}n] —

!= ;]/d ljln¿ljg !% ld=u|f= – !)) ld=ln= ;Dd 3fddf /fVg] .

@= !% ld=u|f= – @ ld=ln=;Dd kmf]6f]y]/fkL .

#= @) ld=u|f= eGbf a9L ljln¿ljg ePdf /Qm abNg] / kmf]6f]y]/fkLdf /fVg] .

$= olb infenction ePdf antibiotic lbg] .

hl08; ePsf] cfdfn] d'v afg'{k5{ ls kb}{g <

!= hl08; gjhft lzz'df x'g] ;fdfGo ;d:of xf] .

@= clwsf+z aRrfx¿df hl08;
-Physiological jundice) x'g] x'gfn] 3fddf /fVg] afx]s cGo pkrf/sf] cfjZostf kb}{g .

#= hl08; hGd]sf] b'O{ lbg leq b]vfk5{ eg] of] c;fdfGo hl08; xf] / o;sf] /f]syfdsf] nflu lrlsT;s;Fu ;Dks{ /fVg' kb{5 .

$= olb s'g} aRrfdf !) lbgeGbf a9L /xg uof] eg] klg To;sf] sf/0f vf]h tnf; ug'{ kb{5 .

%= olb aRrf /fd|f] vfFb}g, c:j:y 5, hGdbf Zjf; k|Zjf;df cf3ft, ;fgf] aRrf, ckl/kSj aRrf jf s'g} ;d:ofo'Qm aRrf ePdf kx]+nf]kg a9L x'g ;Sg] x'gfn] ;ts{tf ckgfpg' k5{ / lrlsT;ssf] ;Nnfx lng'kb{5 .
^= cfdfn] vfglkgdf d'v afg'{ kb}{g .

hl08;af6 aRg Vofn ug'{ kg]{ s'/f

!= cfdfn] ue{ cj:yfdf g} /utsf] ;d"x klxrfg ug]{ .
@= lX|;; (rahesus) g]u]l6e cfdf ePsf aRrf hGd]sf] &@ 306f leq …PlG6 8LÚ ODo'gf]Unf]ljg lbg] .
#= aRrf hGdg] lalQs} cfdfsf] b"w v'jfO{ xfNg] .
$= 3fddf /fVg] .
%= cGo s]xL ;d:of eP lrlsT;s;Fu k/fdz{ u/L pkrf/ ug]{ .

;|f]t M– tTsfn 8S6/ gePdf

hl08;af/] cfo'j]{bLo ;Nnfx

cfo'j]{bsf] b[li6df hl08; -sdnlkQ_sf] sf/0f s] xf] <

ldYof cfxf/–ljxf/, b"lift kbfy{, lkQaw{s, pi0f, nj0f ul/i7 kbfy{, lkQ ljs[lt cflb .

o;sf] lgjf/0fsf pkfox¿ s] 5g\ <

x]g'{;\, cfo'j]{b tLg cj:yfdf k|efjsf/L x'G5 – plrt cf}ifwL, plrt, cg's'n cfxf/ tyf ljxf/ /fv]df . sdnlkQdf g"g jlh{t 5 t]n, d;nf, af];f] tyf cldnf] kmnkm"n afg'{k5{ .

s] s] vfg x'G5 <

u'lnof] kbfy{, kmnkm"n cflb .

cf}ifwL pkrf/ s] s;/L ug'{k5{ <

o;df sn]hf] -lne/_ sf] sfo{k|0ffnL k|efljt ePsf] x'G5 / lkQ a9]sf] x'G5 . To;}n] ;'kfRo ef]hg, lkQzfds cf}ifwL / a9L d"q x'g] pkrf/df hf]8 lbg'k5{ .

sdnlkQdf -;fdfGot_ /f]lxtSofbL / ofjfIf/ r"0f{, k'gg{jfbL d08"/, kmn lqsfb Sjfy, s'6sL r"0f{ -o;n] /fd|f] sfd u5{_ z'4 lznfhLt / zLt /; cflb ljz]if cj:yf cg';f/ lbg'k5{ .

jl/i7 co'j]{b lrlsT;s 8f= /fdj[If ;fx';"usf] s'/fsfgLdf cfwfl/t

;fjwfg Û
lrgLn] ax'nf agfpF5

;v/ / lrgL b'j} pv'af6} lg:sG5 . t/ ;v/nfO{ kflnz ul/;s]kl5 jf To;sf le6fldg, vlgh tyf vfBof]lht kbfy{x¿ x6fPkl5 Tof] ;]tf] lrgL aGb5 . ;]tf] rDsg] lrgL xfdLnfO{ vt/fsf] rLh eGg] s'/f y'k|} j}1flgs cg';Gwfgn] atfPsf] 5 . o;sf] d"n c;/ xf]– ;]tf] lrgL a9L vfFbf dl:tisdf DofUg]l;od eGg] tTj /xg gkfO{ lk;faaf6 lgisfl;t x'G5 . kmntM DofUg]l;odsf] cefjdf xfd|f] dfgl;s l:ylt c;Gt'lnt x'ghfG5 .

pbfx/0fgfy{, ci6«]lnof–df ljBfyL{x¿dfly u/]sf] cg';Gwfg / k|of]uaf6 j}1flgsx¿n] kQfnufP ls ;aeGbf gk9\g] vfnsf, k9fOdf Wofg s]lGb|t ug{ g;Sg], dfgl;s lgoGq0f ug{ g;Sg], rsrs ul//xg], l8k|];g jf Plne];gsf lzsf/, l5ge/d} e'Ng] vfnsf ljBfyL{x¿ tL kfOP h;n] 3/df cTolws ;]tf] lrgL vfg] ub{y] . lgisif{df s] kfOof] eg] aRrfnfO{ Wofg s]lGb|t ug]{ / ltI0f agfpg lrgL sd Vjfpg'kg]{ g} eof] . hxfF ;]tf] lrgLsf] ;§f ;v/ dx vfg ;Nnfx lbOof] .

To:t} csf]{ 36gf 5 . cd]l/sfsf Pshgf d]o/nfO{ uf]nL xfg]/ dfg]{ JolQmnfO{ ToxfFsf] cbfntn] kmfF;L lbg'sf] ;§f æax'nfÆ eg]/ 5f]l8lbof] . o;sf] ;To, c;To hfFRg ljljw j}1flgsx¿sf] ;+o'Qm 6f]nLn] Tof] JolQmdfly cg';Gwfg ubf{ kfun g} ePsf] 7x/ eof] . j}1flgsx¿ TolQd} ;Gtf]if ePgg\ . Tof] dflg; lagfsf/0f lsg ax'nfof] t < eg]/ vf]hL ug{ yfn] . cGTodf j}1flgs cWoogaf6 yfxf nfUof] Tof] xTof/fn] Ps8]9 dlxgfb]lv otf l6\jGsL -(Twinky_ gfdsf] clt clt u'lnof] lrgLo'Qm rsn]6 vfFb} cfPsf] /x]5 h;df ;]tf] lrgLsf] dfqf (#Ü lyof] . To;n] p;sf] dl:tissf] DofUg]l;od x6fpFb} hfFbf kl/0ffdtM DofUg]l;odsf] cefjn] pm dfgl;s¿kn] :jefljs¿kn] c;Gt'lnt / cfqmfds dlte|ldt aGg k'Uof] . / p;n] xTof;Dd ug{;Sof] . o;af6 ;]tf] lrgL g} 7"nf] dfgl;s lj>[+vntfsf] sf/s tTj xf] .

To:t}, hd{gLsf h]nx¿sf &%Ü /f]uLx¿df xfOkf]UnfO;]ldof elgg] /f]u kfOof] h'g cToGt a9L lrgL vfg]x¿df sn]hf] / c+ux¿lt/ a9L y'lk|g] /utdf ;'u/sf] dfqf (circura quantity) 36\guO{ x'g] ub{5 . of] /f]u nfu]kl5 dflg;df :jefjtM ck/fwj[lQ a9\g hfFbf]/x]5 / ck/fwLx¿df a9Lh;f] xfOkf]UnfO;]ldof / Mg sd (Low Magnesium) x'g hfFbf g} s's[Tok|lt ;fx; a9]sf] kSsf eO;s]sf] 5 . To;sf/0f ;]tf] lrgL xflgsf/s eGg] s'/fdf ca s'g} zÍf 5}g .

ctM xfdLn] ef]hgaf6 ;]tf] lrgLnfO{ 6f9f /fvf}+ / l/;, cfqmfds rl/qnfO{ 36fpFb} :d/0fzlQmnfO{ t]h agfcf}+ . o;f] ub}{ ;v/ dx cflb k|of]u ug{;s] k|foh;f] zf/Ll/s / dfgl;s ;d:ofaf6 xfdL d'Qm x'g] lyof}+ . ;fy} dl:tissf nflu cTofjZos DofUg]l;odsf] cefj x'g 5f8]kl5 :d/0fzlQm klg a9fpg ;Sg] lyof}+ ls Û

– wdf{ut e§/fO{
;|f]t M– æScience Reserch
Ps cg';Gwfg – zf]wkqaf6Æ

:j:y /xg] tLg pkfo

gd{g le;]G6 kLn

Oltxf;df hlt klg dxfg\ ljrf/sf] pNn]v 5, ;a}sf] dfGotf s] /x]sf] 5 eg] dg'io z/L/, dg / cfTdfsf] d]n xf] . Kn]6f]n] eg]sf 5g\, cfTdf]krf/sf] ckx]ngf u/]/ z/L/sf] pkrf/ ug]{ k|of; slxNo} ul/g' x'Gg . :jf:Yosf] ;DaGwdf k|o'Qm cg]s zAb lrlsT;f / wd{ b'a}af6 ;Da4 5 .

:jf:Yosf nflu k|o'Qm …x]NyÚ eGg] zAb P+Unf]–;]S;g zAb …x]NyÚ (health) af6 cfPsf] xf], h;sf] cy{ x'G5– …k"0f{tfÚ cyjf …cIf'0ftfÚ / …lxNyÚ zAb klg To;}af6 pTkGg ePsf] 5 h;af6 -c+u|]hLsf]_ …xf]nLÚ (holy) cyf{t\ kljq pTkGg ePsf] 5 . kljq dfG5] Tof] xf] hf] …xf]nÚ -k"0f{_ 5 . xf]nL -kljq_ k"0f{¿kn] kljqtf;Fu ;Da4 5}g . cfwf/e"t¿kdf To;sf] cy{ x'G5, k"0f{ cyjf k"0f{tf;Fu ;Da4 . ctM kljq dfG5] Tof] xf] hf] k"0f{ 5 / k"0f{ ToxL JolQm x'G5 hf] :j:Yo xf];\ .

-c+u|]hLsf]_ …d]l8sf]Ú -cf}ifwL pkrf/ ug'{_ tyf …d]l86]6Ú -Wofg ug'{_ b'a} zAbsf] pb\ud Ps} xf] . pkrf/ clgdfq ;Dej 5 . ha xfdL Wofg ub{5f}+ . :jf:Yo / wd{ b'a} k/:k/ ;fem]bf/ x'g .

z/L/df cfZro{hgs Ifdtf 5

z/L/ clt ljlrq cjoj -cu]{lgHd_ xf] . 9f8, gf8L, d+8n, /Qm ljj/0f k|0ffnL oL ;a}df slt ljlrq …d]sflgHdÚ 5 . pbfx/0fsf nflu Pp6f xftnfO{ lng';\ . slt ljleGg¿kdf o;n] sfd u5{ / Ps Ps cf}+nfnfO{ ;+rfng u5{ . sNkgf ug'{;\, xft geP slt sdL cg'ej x'g]5 . cfFvf dfly ljrf/ ug'{;\, /+u 5'6\ofpg] Ifdtf / b}lgs hLjgdf To;sf] pkof]usf] slt cb\e"t Ifdtf 5 . tkfO{+n] d'6'sf] af/]df ;f]Rg' ePsf] 5, ;Q/L, c;L jif{;Dd ljgf q'l6 p;n] lg/Gt/ sfd ul//fV5 . of] O{Zj/sf] Ps a/bfg xf] . afOandf elgPsf] 5, z/L/ cfTdfsf] dlGb/ xf] . To;}n] o;sf] b'¿kof]u ug'{ x'Gg . o;sf] ;xL pkof]uaf6 tkfO{+ To;sf] :jfdL alg/xg ;Sg' x'G5 .

:j:Yo ljrf/sf] zlQm

lj:sf+l;g -cd]l/sf_ df Ps lrlsT;s lyP, l;+8n/ . tL uhjsf JolQm lyP . d}n] cg]sf}+ lrlsT;sx¿sf] af/]df k9]sf] 5' t/ pgLk|lt d]/f] dgdf hlt cfb/ 5 Tolt s;}k|lt 5}g . pgsf] egfO{ lyof], clwsf+z /f]uL x'g] sf/0f ;L 8L 6L x'G5 . …;LÚ cyf{t …s]o/Ú -lrGtf_…l8Úcyf{t\…l8lkmslN6hÚ -sl7gfO{_ tyf …6LÚ cyf{t\ …6«fjN;Ú -si6_ . ltgsf dgdf lg/fzf el/Psf] x'G5 . 8fS6/ l;+8n/ eG5g, o:tf /f]unfO{ s'g} cf}ifwLaf6 :j:Yo x'g ufx|f] x'G5 . pgL cfˆgf /f]uLnfO{ ;Nnfx lbg] uy]{, sDtLdf k|To]s lbg p bz ldg]6 k|;Gg lrQ /xg cfjZos 5 .

Go" cf/ln;sf] Ps c:ktfndf ePsf] Ps k/LIf0fdf %)) dWo] #=*# /f]uLsf] ¿U0f x'g] sf/0f dfgl;s /x]sf km]nf k/]sf] lyof] . jf:6gl:yt n]xL lSnlgssf ;+:yfks 8f= ;f/f hf]8{g ztfAbLsf Ps 7"nf 8fS6/dWo] lyP . pgsf] egfO{ lyof], …cIfdtfsf] Psdfq pkrf/ s] 5 eg], cfˆgf] dgnfO{ k|ltlbg ;kmf kf/– 7Ls To;/L g} h;/L skfn z]Dk' nufP/ ;kmf kfl/G5 . t/ z]Dk'n] t skfn aflx/sf] dfq ;kmfOub{5 . t/, To:tf /f]uLn] leqsf] ;kmfO ug'{kb{5 . wd{ cf/fwgfdf dflg;n] d"ntM ToxL ub{5 . k|To]s lbg dgsf b"lift ljrf/, O{:of{, å]if cflbaf6 cfkm"nfO{ d'Qm kfg'{k5{ . of] ;zQm tl/sf xf] / /fd|f] :jf:Yosf] nflu k|yd kfOnf xf] .

/S;L klg vfg' k5{

;fwf/0ftof dlb/f ;]jg ug'{ :jf:Yosf] nflu xflgsf/s elgG5 . ljleGg lsl;dsf /f]ux¿sf] sf/0f x'g] u/]sf tYox¿ klg k|sflzt eO/x]sf 5g\ t/ o:tf k"j{:yflkt dfGotfx¿nfO{ r'gf}tL lb+b} xfn} cd]l/sfsf] jfl;Ë6gaf6 k|sflzt x'g] s]l/sg hg{n ckm klAns x]Nydf ljNs'n /S;L gvfg]x¿sf] t'ngfdf clnslt t/ lgoldt /S;L vfg] j[4x¿sf] :d/0fzlQm /fd|f] /x]sf] jtfOPsf] 5 .

xjfO{ :jf:Yo ljefuåf/f k|sflzt Ps k|ltj]bg cg';f/ ^) jif{ gfl3;s]sfx¿n] dlxgfsf] sl/a !=* ln6/ /S;L lkPsf] v08df pgLx¿df ljrf/ zlQm, Psfu|tf, :d/0fzlQm j[l4 x'g] ;Defjgf @@ b]lv $) k|ltzt;Dd /xg] s'/f pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .

cg';Gwftfx¿n] !* jif{;Dd nuftf/ o; ljifodf cg';Gwfg u/]sf lyP . o; qmddf pgLx¿n] &! b]lv (# jif{ ;d"xsf # xhf/ % ;o %^ hgf JolQm pk/ cWoog u/]sf lyP .

ldqx¿ 9'Ss eP x'G5 Û k'?ifsf] nflu ue{ lg/f]ws rSsL aGof] ÛÛ

emDdf/sf] hdfgf uof] Û xfn;Dd k'¿ifx¿sf] nflu ue{ lg/f]ws vfg] rSsL ag]sf] lyPg . To;sf] nflu lgs} emDdf/ ug'{ kYof{], ca ;lhnf] x'g] ePsf] 5 . rLgsf -;+3fO_ ljz]if1x¿n] :s6Nof08sf] 8lggju{ ljZjljBfno;Fu ldn]/ u/]sf] Pp6f cg';Gwfg kZrft\ pgLx¿ ljZjdf klxnf]k6s ue{ lg/f]w0f ug{ k'¿ifx¿sf] nflu klg dlxnfx¿sf] h:t} rSsL agfpg ;lsg] ljZjf; ul//x]sf 5g\ .

To;sf nflu pgLx¿n] ;+3fOdf #) hgf ljjflxt k'¿ifx¿nfO{ k|of]u u/]sf lyP . ut dfr{df k'/f ePsf] pQm cWoog ltgLx¿n] ^ dlxgf;Dd b}lgs @–@ j6f lkN; vfg] u/]sf lyP . o;af/]df Pl8gju{ ljZjljBfnon] klg s]xL c+zx¿nfO{ k|rf/ u/fPsf] lyof] .

dlxnfnfO{ ue{wf/0f x'gaf6 /f]Sg] l;Gy]l6s xdf]{g\ k|f]u]l:6gsf] k|of]u u/L pQm cf}iflw agfOPsf] 5 . k/LIf0fdf ;+nUg () k|ltzt :jo+;]jLx¿df k/LIf0f cjlwe/ cyf{t cf}iflw k|of]u ul/Gh]n jLo{ pTkfbg x'g aGbePsf] lyof] .

r'/f]6 TofUg] cf}ifwL Û

r'/f]6 vfg] s'ntdf kl/;s]sfx¿sf nflu 6f]/G6f] ljZjljBfnosf Sofgf8fnL kmfdf{snhL k|f]km];/ 8f= O8jf8{ ;]n;{n] r'/f]6–d'lQmsf] Ps gofF cfz hufpg' ePsf] 5 . 8f= O8jf8{ ;]n;{åf/f xfn} ul/Psf] Ps cg';Gwfgkl5 5fnfdf /ftf] bfu cfpg] ;]/f]l;;sf] cf}ifwL d]yf]S;fn]gn] clws w"dkfgsf] s'ntdf k/]sfx¿nfO{ ;d]t lgsf]l6gsf] k|efjaf6 d'Qm kfg]{ tYo km]nf k/]sf] 5 .

;fn];{ / pxfFsf] 6f]nLn] d]yfS;fn]gsf] …;fO8 Okm]S6Ú n] z/L/leqsf] lgsf]l6gnfO{ tf]8\b5 . o;f] ePdf z/L/leqsf] lgsf]l6g a9L ;do;Dd /xL/xG5 . kmn:j¿k r'/f]6 vfg] tn tn :jfefljs¿kdf 36g hfG5 / :jod\ ;]n;{sf] zAbdf, To;kl5 tkfO{+ o:tf] l:yltdf k'Ug' x'G5 hxfF ;flRrs} r'/f]6 vfg aGb x'g]5 .

8f= ;]n;{sf] cWoogdf …d]yf]S;fn]gÚ lbOPsf] cDdnLn] @% k|ltzt r'/f]6 sd vfg yfn]sf] lyof] eg] lgsf]l6g x6fP/ yk ul/Psf] Ps k|of]udf To:tf cDdnLx¿sf] ;+Vof %) k|ltzt 36\of] .

leofu|fn] dw'd]x lgsf] kfg]{ Û

Ps gofF cg';Gwfg cg';f/ of}g zlQmj4{s cf}ifwL leofu|fn] dw'd]x klg lgsf] kfg]{ ePsf] 5 . cd]l/sfsf] …hg{n ckm lSnlgsn OGe]l:6u];gÚ sf] cui6 c+sdf k|sflzt Ps tfhf cWoog l/kf]6{} cg';f/ …u]:6«f]k]/]l;;Ú nfvf}+ nfv dw'd]x /f]uLx¿nfO{ k|efljt kfg]{ l:ylt xf] h;n] jfGtf, kfgLsf] sdL / ef]s d]6\g] l:ylt NofpF5 . leofu|fn] o:tf] l:yltdf k]6sf df+;k]zLx¿nfO{ tgfjd'Qm / v's'nf] agfpF5 / /Qm ;~rf/nfO{ /fd|f] 9+un] k|jflxt kfb{5 / o;af6 dw'd]x /f]uLx¿nfO{ 7"nf] /fxt ldNg] ePsf] 5 . xtf/ gug'{;\ t/ of] k|of]u clxn] d';fdfly dfq ePsf] 5, dflg;dfly eg] ;]K6]Da/df k|of]u ul/g] s'/f cGj]ifs lqm:6f]km/ km]l/;n] hgfPsf 5g\ .

dgf]/d cK;/f lgMz'Ns 8fS6/L ;Nnfx

xfdLn] xfd|f kf7sx¿sf] ;'ljwfsf] nflu cfufdL c+sb]lv lgMz'Ns 8fS6/L Kofgn z'¿ u/]sf 5f}+ . /fhwfgLsf ljz]if1 8fS6/x¿n] xfd|f] cg'/f]wdf dgf]/d cK;/fsf kf7sx¿nfO{ lgMz'Ns 8fS6/L ;Nnfx lbg :jLsf/ ug'{ePsf] 5 . cfjZos k/]sf v08df sDtLdf xfd|f kf+r hgf kf7snfO{ k|To]s dlxgf kf+r ljleGg If]qsf ljz]if1 8fS6/x¿;+u ;Dks{ u/fP/ lgMz'Ns 8fS6/L hf+r ;d]t u/fOlbg] Joj:yf u/]sf 5f}+ .

ljz]if1 8fS6/x¿sf] Kofgn

!=c¿0f ;fodL– PdjLjLP;, Pd8L jl/i7 x[bo /f]u ljz]if1 -lzIf0f c:ktfn_

@= 8f= h]=kL= cu|jfn M PdjLjLP;, Pd8L -Go'/f] lkmlhl;og, lzIf0f c:ktfn_

#= 8f= zlz zdf{ M PdjLjLP;, Pd8L -k]6, cfGb|f ;DaGwL ljz]if1, u]:6«f]OG6«f]nlhi6_ lzIf0f c:ktfn
-sf]iffWoIf, g]kfn d]l8sn Pzf]l;P;g_

#= 8f= Hof]lt cu|jfn M PdjLjLP;, 8LhLcf] -:qL /f]u ljz]if1_

$= 8f= Hof]lt zdf{ M PdjLjLP;,Pd8L -:qL/f]u ljz]if1_ lzIf0f c:ktfn

%= 8f= /fdj[If ;fx' M hLPPdP; -cg;{_, Pd 8L -cfo'–afn/f]u_ jl/i7 cfo'j]{b lrlsT;s, k|d'v g/b]jL SofDk; .

^= 8f= ;'jf]w clwsf/L M PdjLjLP;, PdP; -;h{g, kfrg k|0ffnLsf] hl6n ;d:of;DaGwL ljz]if1_ aL/ c:ktfn .

&= 8f= s]=;L= /fhe08f/L M PdjLjLP;, 8LkLPd, Pd 8L, :gfo' tyf dgf]ljz]if1 jL/]Gb| ;}lgs c:ktfn .

*= 8f= gf/fo0fL >]i7 M PdjLjLP;, 8Lcf], cfFvf ljz]if1 -aRrfsf] ;d:ofaf/] ljz]if_ cfFvf c:ktfn .

(= 8f= ljdn l;Gxf M PdjLjLP;, PdP;, sfg, gfs, 3fF6L /f]u ljz]if1, lzIf0f c:ktfn .

!)= 8f= /fhltns a:Goft M jL8LP;, Pd8LP;, jl/i7 bGt/f]u ljz]if1 .

!!= 8f= clgns'df/ emf M PdjLjLP;, Pd8L, rd{ /f]u tyf of}g /f]u ljz]if1, lzIf0f c:ktfn

!@= 8f rGb|f zfSo M PdjLjLP;, Pd8L -jl/i7 afn/f]u ljz]if1_ .

!#= 8f= cho zdz]/ /f0ff M { M PdjLjLP;, 8LP;Pd -jl/i7 xf8hf]gL{, :kf]6{ d]l8l;g ljz]if1_

!$= 8f= a;Gt s'df/ >]i7 M aL8LP; -bGt /f]u ljz]if1_ pk k|fWofks lzIf0f c:ktfn_

!%= 8f= zJjL/ vfF M 8LPrPdP; -jl/i7 xf]ldof]k]y_ cWoIf, g]kfn xf]ldk]lys ;+3, k|d'v, kz'klt xf]ldof]k]lys c:ktfn .

!^= 8f= xl/ZrGb| zfx M lkmlhl;og, PSo'k+r/ ljz]if1 .