Joª\Uolrqsf] Oltxf; / g]kfnL Joª\Uolrq

—eLd /fgf lh1f;'Æ

s'g} JolQm ljz]ifsf vf; c+unfO{ ljz]if dxTj lbP/ Joª\UofTds cyf{t\ ;f]em} gegL 3'dfOls/fOsg /dfOnf] lsl;dn] rl/q emNsfpg] u/L k|:t't ul/g] lrq g} æJoª\Uo lrqÆ xf] . /fhgLlts ;fdflhs cfly{s tyf cGo 36gfnfO{ dfld{s / Joª\UofTds z}nLdf k:sFbf s'g} klg 36gf jf ;dfrf/nfO{ rflvnf] / cfsif{0f sf;fd} Joª\Uo–lrq ;fdflhs r]tgf k|jfxsf] Ps ;zQm dfWod xf] . ;d;fdlos s'/fx¿df Joª\Uo ug'{ / ;f] efjsnfn] dgf]/~hg k|bfg ug{ ;Sg' Joª\Uo– lrqsf] vf; p2]Zo xf] . sof}+ kfgfsf lstfa / 36gfsf JofVofgnfO{ Pp6} Joª\Uo lrqn] k|i6\ofpg] ub{5 elgG5 . o;sf] efiff ;a} tx / tKsfsf JolQmn] a'lemg] dfq xf]Og kqklqsfsf] clt ;'Gb/ uxgf klg xf] of] . kfFrj6f ;DkfbsLo / afx|;o zAb a/fa/ Pp6} Joª\Uo lrqn] ;dfrf/ ;Dk|]if0f ub{5 elgG5 .

sf6'{g jf Joª\Uo– lrqsf] z'?jft sl/a cfheGbf %)) jif{ klxn] O6fnLsf] k\mnf]/]G; zx/df lnof]gfbf]{ bfleGrL / dfOsn PGh]nf]sf] k|of;af6 æu|f08 sfplG;n RofDa/ ckm To~hf] af]l;of] ejgsf] leQfdf agfPsf] o'4sf] sf6'{g lrq g} ;+;f/sf] klxnf] sf6'{g lrq dflgG5 . ToxL Joª\Uo–lrqsf] k|efjn] k|mfG; / O6fnLdf lj:tf/} Joª\Uo– lrqn] :yfg kfpFb} uof] . O{=;++ !*)* df k|mfG;df hlGdPsf bf]ldo/ Joª\Uolrqsf] Oltxf;df Ps sf]z]9'ªfsf] ¿kdf :yflkt ePsf 5g\ . bf]ldo/n] ;dsfnLg kl/l:ylt / k|rlnt lj;ª\ult k/Dk/fnfO{ pkxf; ub}{ cfk\mgf] Joª\Uo snf l;h{gfnfO{ lg/Gt/tf lb+b} dfq uPgg\ pgsf] Joª\Uo–lrq nf]slk|o x'Fb} klg uof] . O{=;+= !*#) df pgn] ænf Sofl/s]r/Æ gfds klqsfdf lsª n'O; lkmlnksf] Joª\Uo lrq agfpFbf cleof]u nufO{ O{=;+= !*#@ df sf/fjf;sf] ;hfoF klg ef]u]sf lyP . To; klqsf 5f]8]/ pgn] ænf zfl/jfl/Æ eGg] b}lgs klqsfdf klg sf6'{g sf]/] . ;fdflhs hLjgsf] gSsnL cfj/0fsf] cf8df n's]sf] s6';TotfnfO{ phfuf/ ug'{ g} bf]ldo/ Joª\Uo–lrqsf] ljz]iftf xf] .

Joª\Uo–lrqnfO{ ljZjJofkL nf]slk|o agfpg] >]o a]nfotsf] k+r -Punch) klqsfsf] d'Vo e"ldsf 5 . O{=;+= !*$! df a]nfotsf x]g/L d]xGo'n] Joª\Uo lrq g} Joª\Uo lrq ePsf] klqsf æk+rÆ lgsfn]kl5 o;n] ljZjJofkL ¿k lnof] o;eGbf cufl8 Joª\Uo–lrqnfO{ æSofl/s]r/Æ eGg] ul/GYof] . k+r klqsfn] Joª\Uo lrqnfO{ nf]slk|o agfpg' cl3 cª\u|]h lrqsf/ ljlnod xf]ufy{ -!^(&–!&^$_ n] Joª\Uo– lrq sf]/]sf] kfOG5 . pgn] lrqdf leq}af6 5'g] u/L Ps Joª\Uo–z}nL ckgfP, h;nfO{ sf6'{gsf] gfd lbOof] . d'Vot M pgsf] Joª\Uo lrqdf dfG5]sf cfs[ltnfO{ ljleGg d'b|fdf /]vf rl/q lrqf°g ul/GYof] . o;y{ Joª\Uo–lrqsf] z'?jft lnof]gfbf]{ bf leGrL / dfOsn PGh]nf]n] u/] klg ljZjs} klxnf] Joª\Uo–lrqsf/ eg] ljlnod xf]ufy{nfO{ g} dfGg' kg]{ x'G5 . Joª\Uo–lrqnfO{ Jofj;floslt/ pGd'v u/fpg] Joª\Uo lrqsf/ eg] a]nfotsf æh]G; lun/]Æ x'g\ . /fhgLlts / ;fdflhs kIfnfO{ ljz]if hf]8 lbg] Joª\Uo–lrqsf/ lhG; lun/]n] tTsfnLg /fhgLlt1x¿ lk|G; ckm j]N;, hh{ t[tLo, lSjg ;fn]l6, lk6\Sofg]8 cflbnfO{ rl/q lrq0f u/]/ sf6'{g If]qnfO{ Jofj;foLs agfP . o;/L ;g\ !(@) b]lv klZrdL d'n'ssf ;dfrf/kqx¿df Joª\Uo–lrq Ps clgjfo{ h:t} eof] . ;f]xL ;dotfs ;/8]le8nf] h:tf k|ltefzfnL Joª\Uo lrqsf/ klg hlGdP . pgL aL;f}+ ztfAbLsf Ps pTs[i6 Joª\Uo–lrqsf/ lyP . s's'/sf] z/L/df /fhgLlt1x¿sf 6fpsfx¿ /fv]/ Joª\Uo sf]g]{ 8]le8n]n Oltxf;d} gofF cfofdsf] ;'qkft u/] .

a]nfotdf æk+rÆ klqsfn] Joª\Uo lrqnfO{ lzv/df k'¥ofP eg] k|mfG;df ænf rfl/ef/LÆ / ænf Sofl/s]To'/Æ klqsfn] Joª\Uo–lrqnfO{ ultnf] lgsf; lbP . d'Votof z'?b]lv g} /fhgLlts ljifosf Joª\Uo lrqn] kqklqsfdf ljifo :yfg kfpFy] . k|mfG;sf sf6'{lgi6 xf]g/L 8«dL/ /fhgLlts Joª\Uo lrq sf]g]{ k|Voft sf6'{lgi6 x'g\ . pgsf sf6'{gn] ;Qfdf /x]sf JolQm jf ;/sf/sf] e|i6 lqmofsnfkdfly cfqmd0f ul//x]sf] x'GYof] . oxfF;Ddls pgL sf6'{gåf/f tTsfnLg /fhf dxf/fhfsf] lvNnL p8fpg klg kl5 kb}{glyP . h;sf sf/0f pgsf] ^ dlxgfsf] h]n ;hfoF;d]t ef]Ug' k/]sf] lyof] . o;/L v/f] ¿kdf /fhfdxf/fhfsf] Joª\Uo–lrq sf]g{ kl5 gkg]{ ;DejtM ljZjs} klxnf] Joª\Uo–lrqsf/ x]g/L 8«dL/ g} x'g\ .

o'/f]ksf kqklqsfdf Joª\Uo lrqn] ahf/ lng yfn]kl5 pGgfO;f}+ ztfAbLlt/ cd]l/sfsf kq klqsf klg ;lhg yfn] . z'? z'?df cd]l/sfsf kq klqsfdf a]nfotL z}nLsf Joª\Uolrq sf]l/Gy] eg] O{=;+= !*$) df cd]l/sfdf yf]d; gfi6 h:tf Joª\Uo lrqsf/ b]vfkg{ yfn]kl5 cd]l/sL z}nLsf Joª\Uo lrqx¿ klg b]lvP . ljz]if yf]d; gfi6n] 8]df]S|ofl6s kf6L{nfO{ uwf / l/klAnsg kf6L{nfO{ xfQL / o:t} c¿ k|tLs agfP/ Joª\Uo lrq sf]/] . Tof] z}nLsf] Joª\Uo–lrq cd]l/sfdf lgs} rlr{t eP / ToxL z}nLsf] Joª\Uo–lrqsf] k|efjn] aL;f}F ztfAbLb]lv cd]l/sfdf Joª\Uo–lrq lgoldt c+z h:t} kqsfl/tfdf ;lhg yfn] .

o'/f]k cd]l/sfdf Joª\Uo lrqn] kqklqsfdf ljz]if:yfg kfpg yfn]kl5 xfd|f] l5d]sL d'n's ef/tdf klg la|l6zsfnd} k|j]z kfof] . z'? z'?df ;fdflhs Joª\Uo–lrqn] dxTj kfP klg ef/t :jtGq -O{=;+= !($&_ ePkl5 /fhgLlts Joª\Uo–lrqn] g} af]njfnf lng yfNof] . ef/tdf /fhgLlts sf6'{gsf lktf s]= z°/ lkNn]nfO{ dflgG5 . ef/tdf Joª\Uo–lrq k|sfzg ug]{ klxnf] klqsf lxGb':yfg 6fOD; xf] . o;/L z°/n] lbNnLaf6 lg:sg] lxGb':tfg 6fOD; / aDaO{af6 lg:sg] æqmlgsnÆ klqsfdf k|sflzt Joª\Uo–lrqn] Pp6f txNs} dRrfOlbof] . O{=;+= !(%) df æz°;{ ljSnLÆ elgg] Pp6f Joª\Uo–lrq g} Joª\Uo–lrqaf6} klqsf k|sfzg cf/De eof] . sof}+ o'jfx¿ o;tkm{ cfslif{t eP t/ b'ef{Uo Tof] klqsf O{=;+= !(&% df aGb x'g k'¥of] . h]xf];\ ef/tdf Joª\Uo–lrq :yflkt ug'{df s] z°/ lkNn]sf] dxTjk"0f{ of]ubfg 5 t/ cGt/f{li6«o:t/d} txNsf dRrfPsf k|ltefjfg\ Joª\Uo–lrqsf/ eg] cf/=s]= nId0f / d]l/of] ldl/08f kb{5g\ . /fhgLlts k6ndf ljz]if Joª\Uo–lrq sf]g{df bVvn cf/=s]= nId0fsf] æo' ;]8 O6Æ w]/} kf7sx¿sf] dg lhTg ;kmn ePsf] Joª\Uo–lrq k':ts xf] . pgs} z}nLaf6 xfd|f Joª\Uo–lrqsf/åo jfT;fog -b'uf{ j/fn_ / /jLg ;fodL k|efljt eO{ cfk\mgf] 5'§} klxrfg :yfkgf u/]sf] 5g\ .

ef/tsf kqklqsfdf Joª\Uo–lrqn] cToGt} k|efj kfg{ yfn]kl5 Tof] k|efj g]kfnsf kqklqsfdf klg kg{ yfNof] . lj=;+= !(%% df g]kfndf klxnf]kN6 ;'wf;fu/ / lj=;+= !(%* ;fndf uf]/vfkqsf] hGd eP klg lj=;+= @))& sf] k|hftGq pbo kZrft\ dfq g]kfndf sf6'{gn] k|j]z u¥of] . g]kfndf lj=;+= @)!@ ;fnb]lv æ;+o'Qm k|of;Æ / ægofF ;Gb]zÆ df lgoldt Joª\Uo–lrq k|sfzg ug{ yfn]sf] e]l6G5 . hxfF;Dd g]kfnsf] klxnf] sf6'{g lrq s'g / slxn] k|sflzt ePsf] lyof] eGg] k|Zg 5 :j= gf/fo0faxfb'/ l;+xn] :j= rGb|dfg l;+x df:s]sf] egfOnfO{ df:s]n] k|wfgdGqL h'4 zdz]/sf] sf6'{g agfPsf] cleof]udf h]n k/]sf] k|;ª p7fPsf 5g\ t/ o;sf] 7f]; k|df0f s]xL 5}g . v8\udfg l;+xn] æh]n aflx/ $) jif{Æ eGg] cfk\mgf] k':tsdf g]kfnsf] klxnf] b}lgs klqsf cfjfhÆ df lj=;+= @))* ;fndf klxnf] k6s sf6'{g 5flkPsf] pNn]v u/]sf 5g\ t/ o;sf] klg e/kbf]{ s'g} cfwf/ 5}g . :j= u|Lidaxfb'/ b]jsf]6fn] g]kfnsf] kqsfl/tfsf] Oltxf;df n]Vg' ePcg';f/ g]kfnsf] klxnf] Joª\Uo–lrqsf/ zzL zfxsf bfh' uf]jw{g zfxnfO{ dfGg' ePsf] 5 . uf]jw{g zfxsf] lj=;+= @)!$ ;fndf æ;+o'Qm k|of;Æ klqsfdf Pp6f b'O{d'v] sfª\u|];n] dfbn ahfP/ tf08j g[To ul/Psf] / k|To]s d'vn] Ps jfSo cf]sn]sf] sf6'{g 5flkPsf] lyof] h; cg';f/ Ps d'vn] æljwfg ;ef /]nLd} xfd|f] 5Æ / csf]{ d'vn] ædGqL kfP /]ln d} ;+;b} xf];\ /fhfÆ eGg] Joª\Uo–lrq 5flkPsf] 7f];\ k|df0f ePsf]n] xfdLn] g]kfnsf] klxnf] sf6'{lgi6 uf]jw{g zfxnfO{ g} dfGg'kg]{ x'G5 . Toltv]/sf ;+o'Qm k|of;sf ;Dkfbs lzjxl/ l;+x ækfunÆ n] klg o;af/] pNn]v u/]sf 5g\ .

uf]jw{g zfxkl5 g]kfnsf Joª\Uo–lrqsf/ z'?jftstf{ zzL zfxsf] gfd cfpF5 . @)!%–!^ ;fnb]lv g} æhgk|of;Æ klqsfb]lv xfn;Dd efF8e}nf] cflb kqklqsfdf kmf§km'§ Joª\Uo–lrq sf]b}{ cfpg'ePsf zzL zfx ljz]if k]lG6ªdf bvn eP klg g]kfndf Joª\Uo–lrq :yflkt u/fpgdf pxfFsf] 7"nf] of]ubfg 5 . zfxkl5 6]sjL/ d'lvof, s'ndfgl;+x e08f/L, /fds'df/ kfF8]n] klg obfsbf Joª\Uo–lrq sf]/] klg pxfFx¿n] o; If]qnfO{ lg/Gt/ lbg ;Sg' ePg . lj=;+= -@)@) ;fn;Dd g]kfnL Joª\Uo–lrq lgsf; gkfP/ cfkm}+ cNdln/˜of] . lj=;+= @)@! ;fnb]lv jfT;fog cyf{t b'uf{ a/fnsf Joª\Uo–lrqn] ultnf] wf/ ks8]/ b]vfk¥of] . @)@! ;fnb]lv ægofF ;Gb]zÆ klqsfdf Joª\Uo–lrq sf]g{ yfn]sf jfT;fogn] clxn] klg plQs} lg/Gt/ ¿kdf sf6'{g sf]b}{ cfPsf 5g\ . d'n'ssf] /fhgLlts Pj+ ;fdflhs lj;ªltk|lt ;6Ls k|xf/ ub}{ Joª\Uo–lrq sf]g{ dflx/ jfT;fognfO{ g]kfnsf] Joª\Uo–lrqsfl/tfsf] ælz/f]d0fLÆ klg elgG5 . d'Votof pgsf] sf6'{g lrq ;fdlos ljifok|lt alnof] k|:t'lt cyf{t\ /fli6«o 36gfsf] uDeL/ cleJolQm lbg ;an 7flgG5 .

jfT;fogs} ;dsfnLg csf{ Joª\Uo–lrqsf/ a/fyf cyf{t\ an/fd yfkf x'g\ . ljleGg kqklqsfdf tyf ljz]if uf]/vfkqdf a/fyf, tLv], 3gZofd cflb pkgfdn] @)@^–@& ;fnb]lv oBlk lg/Gt/ ¿kdf Joª\Uo–lrq sf]b}{ cfPsf a/fyf o; If]qsf Ps ;zQm x:tfIf/ x'g\ . o; If]qdf sfd u/]/ cfk\mgf] kfl/>lds p7fpg hfFbf y'k|} cvaf/x¿af6 7luPsf], x08/ vfPsf] / s'g} ;Dkfbsn] t k};f gePsf] r]s lbP/ sf6'{lgi6nfO{ g} sf6'{g agfPsf] a'xft{g Joxf]g'{ k/] klg o; If]qdf x/]z vfPsf 5}gg\ . /fhgLlts lj;ªlteGbf ;fdflhs lj;ªultaf6 k|efljt eO{ ljs[ltdfly ;r]ttf kf]Vg' g} a/fyfsf] df}lns ljz]iftf xf] . pgs} ;dsfnLg csf{ c;fWo} /fd|f Joª\Uo–lrqsf/ vf]sgf x'g\ . vf; gfd df]xgZofd dxh{g ePsf vf]sgfn] @)@* ;fnb]lv ægofF ;Gb]zÆ ;fKtflxs cvaf/df tyf cGo cvaf/df lrq sf]/]/ cfkm"nfO{ ;an Joª\Uo–lrqsf/df pEofPsf 5g\ . Pp6f Joª\Uo–lrqsf/sf] gftf b]z / hgtfsf] s'g} klg 36gf;Fu ;DaGw x'Fbfx'Fb} klg Joª\Uo–lrqsf/ ;w}+ PSnf] / kLl8t e}/xg'kg]{ b'v];f] kf]Vg vf]sgf o;} sf/0fn] cfhsn o; If]qeGbf 6f9f 5g\ .

jfT;fog, a/fyf, vf]sgf kl5sf] bf];|f] k':tfsf] ;jn Joª\Uo–lrqsf/ pHHjns'Gbg Hofk" x'g\ . zzL zfx / gf/fo0faxfb'/ l;+xsf] k|]/0ffn] tL;sf] bzb]lv g} ;lqmo ¿kdf ;fKtflxs d~r, k'ghf{u/0f, ljZj ;Gb]z, ;fKtflxs ljdz{ cflb kqklqsfdf Joª\Uo–lrq sf]b}{ cfPsf pHHjn s'Gbgsf] lj=;+= @)#! ;fndf æof]ª /fO6;{ u|'kÆ sf] hGd lbg]df klg dxTjk"0f{ of]ubfg 5 . @)#% ;fndf æefF8e}nf]Æ h:tf] Joª\Uo klqsf lgsfn]/ pgn] g]kfnsf] Joª\Uo–lrqsf] If]qnfO{ Pp6f sfofkn6 lbP . ;a}eGbf klxn] cª\u|]hL klqsf æ/]ndÆ df Joª\Uo–lrq sf]g]{ sf6'{lgi6 pHHjns'Gbg Ol08ofsf] rlr{t, klqsf ælbgdfgÆ df klg s]xL ;do Joª\Uo–lrq sf]/]/ cfk\mgf] k|ltef k|i6\ofPsf lyP . On]:6«f]zg -lrqf°g_ df ljz]if of]ubfg k'¥ofP afkt jack keats international award ;d]t k|fKt ul/;s]sf pHHjn s'Gbg xfn Joª\Uo–lrq sf]g'{eGbf klg On]:6«]zgdf Jo:t 5g\ .

pHHjns'Gbgs} ;dsfnLg bf];|f] k':tsf clt ;lqmo rlr{t Joª\Uo–lrqsf/ l8s]8 cyf{t\ wL/hs'df/ bfxfnsf] @)## ;fnb]lv g} /fi6«k'sf/, k'ghf{u/0f, hgd~r cflb kq klqsfdf ;lqmotfk"j{s Joª\Uo–lrq sf]b}{ cfPsf 5g\ l8s]8n] :jb]zdf dfq geO{ ljb]zdf ;d]t -cn Ol08of Sof06N; ;f];fO6L / k|]; Sna ckm Ol08of_ Psn Joª\Uo–lrq k|bz{gL ul/;s]sf 5g\\ . pgn] ;fs{ d'n'sel/ g} Psn sf6'{g lrq k|bz{g ug]{ ;f]rfO /fv]sf 5g\ . æl8s]8sf Joª\Uo–lrqÆ egL k':ts klg k|sflzt eO;s]sf 5g\ . o;/L Joª\Uo–lrqsf] k':ts lgsfNg] g]kfnsf pgL klxnf] Joª\Uo–lrqsf/ x'g\ .

lj=;+= @)$^ ;fnkl5 Joª\Uo–lrqn] Jofj;flostfsf] ult lnof] . gofF k':tfsf klg /fd|f /fd|f Joª\Uo–lrqsf/x¿ b]vfkg{ yfn] . h; cGtu{t gofF k':tfsf cAan bhf{sf sf6'{lgi6sf] gfpF lng'kbf{ /ljg ;fodLsf] gfpF cu|kª\lQmdf cfpF5 . dxªL 3';vf]/L e|i6frf/, gftfjfb cflb lj;ª\ultaf6 sf6'{lgi6 ag]sf /ljgn] @)$^ ;fnb]lv xfn;Dd ljleGg kqklqsfdf -b[li6, k|sfz, uf]/vfkq, hgcf:yf cflb_ plQs} /fd|f Joª\Uo–lrq sf]b}{ cfPsf 5g\ . ljz]if Ol08ofsf cf/=s]= nId0f, z+s/, sfs tyf g]kfnsf jfT;fogaf6 k|efljt e} sf6'{g sf]g{ yfn]sf /ljgn] cfk\mgf] k|To]s sf6'{gsf] Ps xhf/ ?lkofF eGbf a9L lng] g]kfnsf dxªf sf6'{lgi6 x'g\ . æx' Oh g]kfnÆ eGg] k':tsdf t g]kfnsf] sf6'{lgi6df pgsf] dfq gfpF 5\ . pgL eG5g\ – z'?df g]kfnL sf6'{g 7"nf] gfs, cfFvf, sfg nfdf–7"nf agfP/ h'g;'s} ;+jfb el/+bf klg To;nfO{ Joª\Uo–lrq elgg] k|rng lyof] t/ To;sf] t'ngfdf gofF k':tfsf sf6'{g w]/} g} /fd|f] 5 . tyflk gofF k':tfsf Joª\Uo–lrq klg xtf/df sf]l/Psf] / d'Votof ljgf]bj[lQ (Sens & Humour) lkmtnf] ePsf] JoQm u5{g\ .

gofF k':tfsf] /fd|f] Joª\Uo–lrqsf/sf] xf/Ldf sflGtk'/sf sf6'{lgi6 ;f/fj jf /fh'afa' zfSonfO{ klg lng ;lsG5 . sflGtk'/sf] :yfkgfsfnb]lv g} æuha 5 jf :t+edf Joª\Uo–lrq sf]g{ yfn]sf ;f/fjn] sf6'{g rnlrq -Plgd]6]8 sf6'{g lkmNd_ xfgf af/a/f :6'l8of] lkmlnlkG;sf] dlgnfdf o'lg;]kmsf] ;xof]udf ljz]if tflnd lnO{ @)$^ ;fndf g]kfnsf] klxnf] sf6'{g rnlrq æClif bfO / ;fyLx¿ ;kmf zx/Æ -!% ldg]6_ sf] d'Vo Plgd]6/ tyf ;x–lgb]{zssf] ¿kdf sfd ul/;s]sf 5g\ . Tof]eGbf klg æb nfOkm ckm a'4 qmlds a's æg]b/Nof08sf] laGsL sf]sn] k|sfzg ul/lbO{ ;f/fasf] k|ltefnfO{ cGt/f{li6«o ¿kdf ;xof]u u/]sf] 5 . h'g k':ts cª\u|]hL 8r, k|m]~r / hd{g efiffdf k|sflzt e} ;Dk"0f{ o'/f]k cd]l/sfdf rlr{t 5 . o;/L g]kfnL snfsf/n] lrqf°g u/]sf] klxnf] cGt/f{li6«o:t/sf] slds k':ts oxL xf] .

jt{dfg o'jf k':tfsf] eml/nf k|ltef æcljgÆ cyf{t\ cljGb|dfg >]i7sf] gfpF klg 5'6\ofpg ldNb}g . cfk\mgf] :jfWofogn] sf6'{g sf]g{ yfn]sf cljgn] @)%) ;fnb]lv xfn;Dd y'k|} kqklqsfdf æg]kfn 6fOD;, ljZje"ld, 6\jfSs6'Ss, g]l6eL sfo{qmd / ;GWofsfnLg_ vfl/Psf Joª\Uo–lrq sf]b}{ xfn lxdfn 6fOD;;Dd cfOk'u]sf 5g\ . lxdfno 6fOD;sf] nf]uf] klg cljgs} snflzNk xf] . cljgn] jftfj/0fk|lt rfv /fv]/ k|b"if0fk|lt ;r]t u/fpg] lrq sf]/]/ cfk\mgf] Joª\Uo–lrqsf] eL8df cnu klxrfg agfO;s]sf 5g\ .

pNn]lvt gfpFx¿ afx]s bf];|f] k':tfsf cToGt} /fd|f Joª\Uo–lrqsf/x¿df sLls{z cyf{t\ sLlt{lszf]/ hf]zL / z/b /+lht klg kb{5g\ . sLls{zsf] ;dfrf/kq, sfdgf cflbdf Joª\Uo–lrq b]Vg kfOG5 eg] z/b /+lhtsf] z'?jftdf -tL;sf] bzslt/_ hlt ;lqmo kfOGYof] clxn] Tof] 5|}g . o;f] t a¿ gofF k':tfsf Joª\Uo–lrqsf/x¿ ;hu / ;ts{ eP/ o; If]qnfO{ plhNofpFb}5g\ . gofF k':tfsf /fd|f Joª\Uo–lrqsf/x¿df af;' lIflth, /fhdfg cyf{t\ /fh]z dfgGw/, uf}df cyf{t\ uf}td dfgGw/, l;dn cyf{t ;Ltf/fd >]i7, /fh]Gb| /fgf du/, 1fg]Zj/ pbo, cl:dgf /+lht, ;'idf /fhe08f/L, /fh]z s]=;L=, kjg /fhj+zL cflb 5g\ .

hlt ;ª\Vofdf klqsfx¿ k|sfzg x'Fb} hfG5g\ Tolt g Joª\Uo–lrqsf] ahf/ klg km/flsnf] x'Fb} hfG5 . g]kfndf klxnf] kN6 sf6'{g k|sfzg ug]{ klqsf æ;+o'Qm k|of;Æ xf] . kl5 of] aGb eP/ æhgk|of;Æ gfpFdf lgl:sof] . o; afx]s ;fKtflxs d~r, ljZje"ld, dgf]/~hg, /fi6«k'sf/, gofF ;Gb]z cflb ;fKtflxs kqklqsfsf] Joª\Uo–lrq :yflkt ug{ 7"nf] e"ldsf 5 . g]kfnL Joª\Uo–lrqnfO{ Jofj;flolstflt/ pGd'v u/fpg ;fKtflxs d~rsf] dxTjk"0f{ b]g 5 . lsgls g]kfndf klxnf]kN6 ;fKtflxs d~rn] sf6'{lgi6nfO{ cGo l/kf]6{/ ;/x kfl/>lds lbg yfn]sf] xf] . To:t} g]kfndf klxnf]kN6 ufO{hfq] ljz]iff°sf] ¿kdf :t/Lo Joª\Uo–lrq dfq k|sfzg ug]{ klxnf] klqsf -lj=;+= @)#% ;fndf_ æefF8e}nf]Æ xf] h;sf] d"n >]o pHHjns'Gbg Hofk"nfO{ hfG5 .

b'Mvsf] s'/f xfd|f Joª\Uo–lrqx¿ hlt /fd|f 5g\ . vfl/Psf 5g\ . t/ s]xLn] eg] rlr{t ef/tLo klqsfdf 5flkPsf sf6'{g lrqaf6 l;sf] ul/Psf] ldNbf] h'Nbf] ePsf] ;fy} oxLs} Pshgfsf] sf6'{gaf6 csf]{ sf6'{g ldNbf]h'Nbf] ePsf] kfOPsf] 5 . h;cGtu{t s;}sf] lyd, -cf;o_ x'ax' ldNb5 eg] s;}sf] æ:s]rÆ -lrqf°g_ cIf/z p:t} b]lvG5 . x'gt slxn]sfxLF Pp6} ljifoj:t'n] ;a} sf6'{lgi6nfO{ 5f]Psf] x'Fbf ;+of]ujz Pp6} lydsf] x'g;S5 t/ k|:t'ltdf km/s x'G5 t/ b'ef{Uojz xfdL sxfF c;fWo} /fd|f elgg] -jl/i7_ sf6'{lgi7b]lv gjk|ltef -slgi6_ ;Ddsf sf6'{lgi6x¿sf] æsf6'{gÆ c¿ g} sf6'{lgi6af6 l;sf] u/]sf] b]lvG5 .

o;} cGtu{t @)%# ;fn kmfu'g % ut]sf] sflGtk'/df k|sflzt jfT;fogsf sf6'{g lrq 6fOD; ckm Ol08ofsf] !((& sf] d] ^ tfl/vdf 5flkPsf] sf6'{g lrqsf] lyd / :s]r;Fu s]xL xb ldNb5 eg] v'nfd~r /fli6«o ;fKtflxsdf æcljgÆ sf] d]nDrL;DaGwL -@)%% r}q # ut] a'wjf/_ sf6'{g lrq;Fu jfT;fogsf] To;sf] @% lbg k5fl8 k|sflzt @)%% r}q @* ut] sflGtk'/sf] sf6'{g lrqsf] lyd tyf :s]r;Fu s]xL xb;Dd ldNg vf]Hb5 .

o:t} l8s]6sf] lj=;+= @)%% ;fndf e'F8L k'/f0fdf k|sflzt æzlQm ;~roÆ eGg] sf6'{gsf] lyd, :s]r !((% dfr{df æjN8 k|]; l/Eo'Æ sf] b jN8{ Og sf6'{G;\Æ ;Fu x'ax' h:t} ldNb5 . o;} cGtu{t /ljg ;fodLsf] hgcf:yfdf @)%#.$.@# ut] k|sflzt sf6'{g lb 6fOD; ckm Ol08ofsf] sf6'{gsf] :s]r;Fu w]/} xb;Dd ldNb5 eg] pgsf] csf]{ sf6'{g cf/=s]= nId0fsf] cfk km/dft] x} eGg] sf6'{gsf] lyd p:t} b]lvG5 . ;'zLn b]jsf]6fsf] @)%%–!–@% ut] ;GWofsfnLgdf k|sflzt sf6'{g cljg >]i7sf] @)%#–%–!# ut] lxdfno 6fOD;sf] sf6'{g lrq;Fu x'ax' -lyd, :s]r_ ldNb5 . ;f/asf] @)%%–$–!* ut] sflGtk'/sf] sf6'{g cljg >]i7sf] @)%%–@–@% ut]sf] lxdfno 6fOD;sf] sf6'{g;Fu s]xL xbdf ;fdLKo ufF:g vf]Hb5 . Tof] eGbf klg ;f/fjsf] @)%%–$–!^ sflGtk'/df k|sflzt sf6'{glrq @)%$–*–!! ut]sf] lxdfno 6fOD;sf] sf6'{g lrq;Fu w]/} xb;Dd -lyd / :s]r_ ldNg vf]Hb5 . oL eg] Joª\Uo–lrqsf] ;fdLKosf s]xL ;fwf/0f pbfx/0fx¿ dfq x'g\ .

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