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;Todf]xg hf]zL

!= dfgj ;Eotf / ;+:s[ltsf] ljsf;qmd ;Fu;Fu} ;flxTosf] klg k|fb'ef{j ePkl5 o;cGtu{t cg]s ljwfx¿ b]vfk/] . To;}dWo]sf] Ps ljwf xf] – gf6s . ;flxTosf cGo ljwfx¿;Fu gf6s ljwfsf] cGt;{DaGw eP/ klg o;sf] cfk\mg} k|sf/sf] klxrfg /x]sf] 5 . ;flxTosf cGo ljwfx¿nfO{ >Jo ljwf -;'lgg] / kl9g]_ sf ¿kdf dfq lnOG5 eg] gf6s ljwfnfO{ >Josf cltl/Qm b[Zo -;'lgg], kl9g] tyf clego u/]/ b]vfOg]_ ljwfdf klg lnOG5 . gf6s ljwfsf] k|of]u k|flrg sfnb]lv g} ePsf] ePsf] kfOG5 . k"jL{o ;flxTodf o;nfO{ vf]tNbf O{;fk"j{sf e/td'lgsf] gf6ozf:q / kfZrfTotkm{ O{;fk"j{s} lu|;]nL bfz{lgs cl/i6f]6n;Dd k'Ug'kg]{ x'G5 . g]kfnsf] kl/k|]Ioaf6 x]bf{ cfheGbf kGw|;o jif{cl3 g} of ljwf :yflkt ePsf] kfOG5 . lnR5ljsfndf g} of] ljwfn] Jofkstf u|x0f ul/;s]sf] lyof] . cGo ljwfx¿ h:t} u/L of] ljwf klg emfFluPsf]n] ;flTo¿kL af]6sf] Pp6f xfFuf h:t} xf] gf6s .

@= xfd|f] l5d]sL b]z ef/tdf cfPsf] kmf/;L lyP6/sf] k|efj:j?k /f0ff zf;gsfndf g]kfndf klg gf6s d~rgdf Jofkstf cfof] . o;n] ubf{ df}lns ¿kdf v'Nnf 8anLx¿df b]vfOg] gf6sx¿ lj:yflkt eP/ uP . lxGbL / pb"{n] 7fpF lyof] . lj=;+= !((% ;fndf afns[i0f ;dn] n]Vg'ePsf] æd's'Gb–OlGb/fÆ gf6ssf] ;kmn d~rgkl5 dfq g]kfnL gf6s ljwfdf gofF hfu/0f cfof] . o;/L qmdzM ljsl;t ePsf] gf6s ljwfnfO{ s]xL jif{otf tLa|Q/ ?kdf a[l4 ePsf g]kfnL l;g]df xnx¿ / 6]lnlehgn] ubf{ 7"nf] wSsf k'Ug uof] . o;n] ubf{ gf6sk|ltsf] hg cle?lr 36\g k'Uof] . gf6s d~rg ubf{ cfjZos kg]{ cfly{s Jooef/ wfGg klg wf} wf} kg]{ u/]sfn] of] ljwfsf] ;+/If0f / ;Da4{gdf ;DalGwt lgsfox¿af6 a]n}df Wofg gk'¥ofpg] xf] eg] eljio cGwsf/do x'g c;Dej 5}g .

#= gf6s ljwf eg]sf] dgf]/~hg / k|rf/–k|;f/sf] dfWod x'g'sf cltl/Qm xfd|f] ;dfh / /fi6«sf] pTyfg Pj+ ljsf;df ;fdflhs r]tgf clej[l4 u/L /fli6«o efjgf hfu[t ug{ gf6s ljwf Hofb} ;zQm ljwf xf] . gf6s ljwfsf] pTyfgsf nflu lj=;+= @)## ;fnlt/ g]kfn /fhsLo k|1f k|lti7fgn] /fli6«o :t/df ‘gf6s dxf]T;jÆ sf] z'ef/De u/]sf] lyof] . t/ o;n] Jofkstf kfpg ;s]g . ;~rf/ If]qdf cfPsf] >Jo–b[Zo ;DaGwLsf] Jofkstfn] ubf{ d~rLo gf6sdf lgZro g} hgcle?lr 36]sf] 5 . 6]lnlehg / l;g]dfsf ;:tf clegon] gf6s ljwfnfO{ gsf/fTds k|efj kf/]sf] 5 . x'g t ;8s gf6s klg gf6s ljwf leq} kg]{ xf] . of] ;/n / ;xh eP/ klg 1fgj4{s x'G5 . t/ gf6s ljwfsf] n]vg / d~rgdf tTk/tf b]vfpgdf s~h':ofO{ ug]{ xf] eg] ef]ln s] x'G5 eGg ;ls+b}g .

$= ;/sf/L :t/df g]kfn /fhsLo k|1f k|lti7fg 5, ;fF:s[lts ;+:yfg 5 . logLx¿n] gf6s ljwfdf k'ghf{u/0f Nofpg / gf6s cleofg rnfpg ;fgfltgf k|of;x¿ ul//x]s} 5g\ . ;f+:s[lts ;+:yfgn] z'? u/]sf] If]qLoJofkL k|lt:kwf{Tds gf6s dxf]T;jnfO{ ;sf/fTds v'l6\snf] dfGg'k5{ . gf6s ljwfdf nfu]sfx¿nfO{ ;flxlTos ;+3–;+:yfx¿af6 k|]/0ff / k|f]T;fxg k|bfg ug{ sGh':ofO{+ ug'{ x'Fb}g . ;dfhdf hfu[lt Nofpg] k|d'v ljwfsf] ljsf;sf nflu ;a}lt/af6 6]jf lbg cfjZos 5 .

%= ;dfhsf] cfFvfsf] ¿kdf /x]sf] gf6s ljwfsf] pTyfg / ljsf;sf nflu xfd|f] Jojxf/df g} kl/jt{g Nofpg cfjZos 5 . o; ljwfdf nfu]sfx¿nfO{ ;/sf/L ;+3–;+:yfx¿n] dfq geP/ lghL :t/sf ;+3–;+:yfx¿n] klg k|efjsf/L e"ldsf v]Ng ;3fp k'¥ofpg'k5{ . gf6s n]vg / d~rgdf ;do / kl/j]znfO{ Vofn u/L kfOnf rfNg' plrt x'G5 . gf6ssf] cfn]v :t/Lo eP/ dfq x'Fb}g, ;f] gf6snfO{ ;hLj kf/]/ d"t{¿k lbg /ªsdL{x¿nfO{ tflndsf] Joj:yf ul/g'k5{ . ;do ;dodf gf6s;DaGwL rrf{–kl/rrf{, k|lzIf0f / sfo{zfnf uf]i7Lx¿sf] cfof]hgf ul/g'k5{ .

^= gf6s n]vgdf ;fdflhs kl/j]zn] 7"nf] k|efj kfb{5 . ;dfhdf 3l6t /fd|f–g/fd|f 36gfx¿nfO{ g} cfwf/ agfP/ gf6sx¿ /rgf ul/G5g\ / d~rg x'G5g\ .gf6sn] ;dfhnfO{ ;r]ttf k|bfg ub{5 . s'zn gf6ssf/ x'g gf6s n]vg snf / gf6s d~rg k4ltsf] 1fg x'g h?/L 5 . gf6snfO{ k'u ;'xfpFbf] gofF ult lbP/ df]8x¿af6 psf:b} ljlzi6 / :t/Lo agfpFb} nfg ;Sg'k5{, ta dfq gf6ssf/ ;kmn dflgG5 .

cz]ifdNn

!= ;flxlTos ljwfx¿df gf6s Pp6f ljlzi6 / leGg} k|sf/sf] ljwf xf] . of] ljwf ;flxTosf cGo ljwfx¿eGbf s] s'/fdf leGg 5 eg], of] ljwf s]jn kf7\odf dfq ;Lldt 5}g . of] ljwfn] snf kIfnfO{ clgjfo{¿kdf dfu ub{5 . gf6s n]vgdf dfq ;Lldt 5}g . o;sf] clGtd ;To eGg' g} o;sf] k|:t'lt jf d~rg xf] . d~rgsf] cefjdf gf6s s[lt cw'/f] /xg hfG5 . o;sf] k"0f{tf d~rgsf] l:yltdf k'u]/ dfq x'g] ub{5 . To;sf/0f g} cGo ljwfeGbf gf6s ljwf leGg /x]sf] xf] . tyflk, ;flxTosf cGo ljwf / gf6saLrsf] tfbfTDo eg]sf] efj, z}nL, ljrf/ / ljifosf] tx Pp6} ljGb'df uP/ ldNg' xf] . olt x'Fbfx'Fb} klg n]vs / /ªsdL{x¿aLrsf] ;fd"lxs k|oTgaf6 gf6s hlGdPsf] x'Fbf cGo ljwfx¿;Fu tfbfTDo eP/ klg leGg / ljlzi6 5 .

@= of] k|Zg;Fu JolQmut¿kdf d Tolt ;xdt 5}g . gf6s ljwfdf v8]/L k/]sf] cg'ej ltgn] g} ub{5g\, h;n] ;fob g]kfnL gf6s ljwfdf eO/x]sf k|of; / k|oTgx¿k|lt rf;f] /fVb}gg\ jf /fv]sf 5}gg\ . oyfy{df eGg] xf] eg] g]kfnL gf6s n]vg / d~rgdf v8]/L xf]Og gf6\o ljwfk|ltsf] ;dLIff, cg';Gwfg jf vf]hk|lt eg] v8]/L k/]sf] cjZo xf] . ;dli6df eGg'kbf{ gf6s d~rg gx'g]eGbf gf6s x'Fb}g eGg]x¿sf] xNnf a9L x'G5 . t/ ltgLx¿ bz{s g} ag]sf x'Fb}gg\ .

#= ;8s gf6s eGg' klg gf6ss} Pp6f :j?k xf] . ef}uf]lns kl/j]z, jftfj/0f / ;fwgx¿sf] cefj /x]sf] xfd|f] h:tf] d'n'sdf ;/n, ;xh / ldtJooL k|:t'ltsf ¿kdf b]lvPsf] ;8s gf6s jt{dfg ;Gbe{df k|efjsf/L / ;lqmo b]lvPsf] xf] . t/ of] dfq ;Dk"0f{ xf]Og . d~rdf k|:t'lt x'g] gf6sx¿ klxn]sf] t'ngfdf sd b]lvPsf] cjZo xf] . t/ w]/} gf6sx¿ d~rg x'g'dfq gf6ssf] ljsf;sf] dfkb08 cjZo xf]Og tL;sf] bzslt/ /fhwfgLdf cfPsf] gf6ssf] af9Ldf :t/Lo gf6s s]jn ;Lldt eP/ g} tL ax';+Vos gf6sx¿ Oltxf;sf] ue{d} x/fP . :t/Lo gf6s t ztfAbLdf s]jn Ps–b'O{ dfq hGdG5g\ . z]S;lko/ kl5 a|]Vy hGdg em08} cfwf ztfAbL nfu]sf] lyof] . xfd|f] ;Gbe{df klg gf6\o n]vg / d~rgdf sd ?lrsf] cg'ej ug'{ ;Dk"0f gf6\o ljwfsf] cFWof/f]kIf cjZo xf]Og . hxfF;Dd l;g]df / 6]lnlehgsf] a9\bf] df]x 5– Tof] cfk\mg} 7fpFdf 5, gf6s cfk\mg} 7fpFdf 5 . cfd gful/s 6]lnlehglt/ pGd'v x'Fbfx'Fb} klg gf6sk|ltsf] df]xdf eg] sdL 5}g eGg] d]/f] cg'ej / wf/0ff 5 .

$= ;f/f /fi6« g} ljs[lt / lj;ªltdf ?dlnPsf] jt{dfg kl/j]zdf gf6s ljwfdfq lsg kl5 k/f];\ . ;flxTo / snfk|lt /fi6«n] h'g ?kdf cle?lr b]vfpg' kg]{ xf] Tof] gb]vfOPsf] kl/j]zdf gf6s ljwf klg kg{ cfpFb5 . ;fFRr} eGg] xf] eg] v]ns"bsf] tfOSjfGbf] / s/fFt] eGbf w]/} x]osf] b[li6n] gf6s ljwfnfO{ lnPsf] b]lvG5 ;/sf/n] . t/ klg /ªsdL{x¿ cfk\mgf] /ªsd{df h;/L ;lqmo eO/x]sf 5g\ ltgLx¿ k'/:sf/sf nflu dfq kSs} klg nfu]sf xf]Ogg\ . tyflk, ;/sf/L lgsfoaf6 To;sf] kxn x'g'kg]{ xf] . d :jo+ klg g]kfn /fhsLo k|1f k|lti7fgsf] gf6\o ljwf;Fu kfFr jif{ ;Da4 /x]+ . To; ;dodf d}n] g} s] ug{ ;s]+ / d c? s;nfO{ bf]if lbpmF < bf]if ;fob ;donfO{ lbg'eGbf csf]{ pkfo 5}g .

%= gf6s ;dfh;Fu l;w} ;Dks{ /xg;Sg] Ps ;zQm ljwf xf] . o;nfO{ xfd|f] /fi6«sf] ;Gbe{df k|efjsf/L dfWodsf ¿kdf k|of]u ug{ ;s] r]tgfsf] :t/df ;f]r]eGbf l5§} ;kmntf kfpg ;lsG5 . o; tYonfO{ ;dfh;Fu ;DaWb ;a} lgsfox¿n] a'‰g'kb{5 . xfd|f] h:tf] ;~rf/ / oftfoftsf] sl7gfO{ ef]Ug'k/]sf] jt{dfg ;Gbe{df gf6ssf] ;/n, ;xh / ldtJooL k|:t'ltx¿sf] k|of]u ug'{ clxn]sf] ;fGble{stf klg xf] .

^= gf6s ;dfhs} k|ltljDa xf] . ;fdflhs kl/j]z;Fu gf6ssf] ;Lwf ;DaGw /xG5 . To;}n] ;fdflhs kl/j]zn] gf6sdf k|ToIf k|efj kf/]sf] x'G5 . of] n]vgsf] s'zntfdf klg lge{/ x'G5 .

s'zn gf6ssf/ x'gsf nflu ljifosf] cleJolQm dfq kof{Kt x'Fb}g . gf6s n]vg, d~rg / bz{s u/L lq–cfoflds ljwf xf] . d~rg bz{ssf] Vofn gu/L gf6s n]Vbf gf6sn] k"0f{tf kfpg ;Sb}g . To;}n] s'zn gf6ssf/ x'g gf6ssf/df d~rLo lzNksf] 1fg x'g' cfjZos 5 .

ljKnj 9sfn

!= gf6s eg]sf] hLjg sljtfsf] ljlzi6 ;dLs/0f xf] . o;nfO{ eL8x¿df ef]luG5 . b[Zox¿df, ljDax¿df, cfjfhsf 3if{0fx¿df ef]luG5 . g]kYodf plePsf] gf6ssf/, p;sf] lg/ª\s'ztfnfO{ r'krfk a/0f ul//x]sf kfqx¿ / tL kfqx¿sf] lgoltnfO{ ;+j/0f u/]/ /ªd~rdf pkl:yt snfsf/x¿sf] lq–cfoflds ef]ufOsf åGå / ;+Zn]if0fx¿df g} gf6sn] cfk\mgf] sfnrqm k"0f{ ub{5 .

;flxTosf cGo ljwfx¿df ‘hLjg / ;doÆ zAbsf] cGt/ª n's]sf] x'G5 t/ gf6sdf zAbsf] ue{af6 aflx/ lg:s]/ o;n] cfk\mgf] ult k|fKt ub{5 . hLjgsf] ;jf{lws ;fdLKodf /x]sf] ljwf xf] gf6s / :j?k / ;+/rgfsf] txdf o; ljwfsf] cl:tTj cGo ljwfx¿eGbf k[ys 5 t/ cfhsf] n]vgn] ljwf ;Ldfdfly g} cg]sf}+ k|Zgx¿ p7fO/x]sf] 5 . ;f}Gbo{sf] txdf, hLjg r]tgfsf] ;Dk|]if0f / d"Nosf] txdf gf6ssf] cGt/ª snfsf cGo zfvfx¿eGbf k[ys 5}g / o; ljwfdf ;flxTosf k|foM ;a} ljwfx¿sf] ;xpkl:ylt / ljlzi6 cGtld{>0f e]l6G5 .

@= l;ª} /fi6«sf] ;dsfnLg kl/R5]b Pp6f uDeL/ ;f+:s[lts IfoLs/0faf6 u'lh|/x]sf] 5 . xfd|f] n]vg, lrGtg / r]ggfsf] ;du| w/ftndf g} Pp6f cgf}7f] ;ª\s6 b]vfk/]sf] 5 . cfh gf6s dfq xf]Og ;flxTosf clwsf+z ljwfx¿df v8]/L k/]sf] 5 . ;+VofTds ¿kdf s]xL a9L n]lvPsf ljwfx¿df klg uxg u'0ffTds d"No lrGtfhgs 5 . Psflt/ cTofw'lgs dl:tissf] af}l4s ef]s / ultzLn ;dosf] bjfj tyf csf{lt/ dfgjLo cGtcf{Tdf / ;f+:s[lts d"Nosf] qmlds ktgaf6 lgdf{0f ePsf] tgfjaLr ;dsfnLg n]vgsf] ;+:sf/ qmdzM ljvl08t x'Fb}5 .xfd|f] /ªd~rLo ;+:s[lt klg Pp6f lgd{d g]kYoleq 5f]lkFb} uO/x]sf] 5 . o; l:yltdf gf6s / /ªd~rsf] d[To' eljiosf] Pp6f dxfg\ ldys aGg' s'g} lj:dosf/L /x:o dflgg] 5}g .

#= nueu b'O{ bzs otfsf] ;dofjlwdf hLjg / gf6s tyf /ªd~r / k|]Iffu[xaLrsf] b"/Tjdf k'n yfKg ljleGg k|of]u / k/LIf0fx¿ ePsf 5g\ . o; If]qdf lqmofzLn ;|i6fx¿n] k"j{jtL{ k/Dk/faf6 cfk\mgf] cl:tTj / pkl:yltnfO{ k[ys ¿Kdf k|dfl0ft ug{ gf6s / /ªd~rsf cTofw'lgs cy{x¿sf] vf]hL u/]sf] 5g\ . gf6ssf] ljwfut ljlgdf{0f / cgf6sLotfk|ltsf] cle?lr, /ªd~rLo s[lqdtf lj?4sf] c;Gt'i6L / ;8s /ªd~rsf] vf]hL, :j}/sNkgfsf] ljlzi6, snfTds / ;fdlos k|of]u, hLjgsf] IfoLs/0faf6 pTkGg Joy{tf / ultxLgtfsf] cd"t{ k|:t'lt, ldys / cfBljDax¿sf] k|tLsfTds k'gJof{Vof, cfw'lgs lj1fgsf pknAwL / ;DefJotfx¿sf] gf6sLs/0f h:tf ljleGg kIfx¿sf] ;dli6ut pkl:yltaf6 o; sfnv08sf gf6sx¿sf] lgld{lt ePsf] 5 .

k/Dk/fut /ªd~rsf] hLjg / eljiodfly cfw'lgs lj1fg / ljB'tLo ;~rf/ ;+oGqx¿n] cg]sf}+ k|Zgx¿ p7fpg' clgjfo{ lyof], h;nfO{ OHht;fy u|x0f ug{ xfd|f] dl:tis cEo:t 5}g / xfd|f] dgf]lj1fg l;g]df, 6]lnlehg cflbnfO{ /ªd~rsf] kL8f 7fGg] zf:qLo e"naf6 ljd'Qm eO;s]sf] 5}g . ca gf6s / /ªd~rn] ljB'tLo ;~rf/ ;+oGq;Fu o'uLg ;fdLKo sfod ug}{k5{ . casf] /ªd~r Pp6f l:y/ / aGb sf]7faf6 aflx/ lg:s]/ l:qmgx¿df k|s6 eO/x]sf] 5 .

$= k|f]T;fxg, k'/:sf/, clegGbg / cf/If0faf6 dfq} s'g} klg ;flxlTos ljwf hLljt /xg ;Sb}g . xfd|f] lrGtg / r]tgf :jo+df g} Pp6f cgf}7f] qf; / knfogsf] ;+:s[ltaf6 u'lh|/x]sf] 5 . Psflt/ gofF ztfAbLsf r'gf}tLx¿ / csf{lt/ xfd|f] cflTds / cfl:tlTjs d"NoIfoaf6 lgdf{0f ePsf ljs6 k|Zgx¿k|lt /fHo ;+j]bgzLn 5}g . xfd|f] gful/s r]tgf ;+j]bgzLn 5}g . o;sf nflu xfdL / xfd|f] b'lg{olt afx]s c¿ sf] bf]ifL x'g;S5 / <

%= gf6ssf] pTyfg / ljsf;sf nflu ;a}eGbf klxn] xfd|f] lrGt / ;+:sf/df g} Pp6f k'ghfFu/0fsf] cfjZostf 5 . xfdL afFr]sf] ;dosf] bjfj / chfdL ztfAbLsf ax'cfoflds ;Defjgfx¿sf] ;fdgf ug{ xfd|f] dgf]lj1fg klxn] ;dy{ x'g' k¥of] . gf6ssf] ;+j]bgzLntfnfO{ /fHon] olb dx;"; u5{ eg] Pp6f 5'§} gf6\o– Ps]8]dLsf] cfjZostf 5– h;n] gf6s;DaGwL zf]w– cg';Gwfgsf] k/Dk/fnfO{ klg ;'b[9 / Jojl:yt ub}{ ;Dk"0f{ gf6\o ;+:yf / /ªsdL{x¿sf] ;femf d~rdf /x]/ cfufdL r'gf}tLx¿sf] aLrdf gf6ssf] uf}/jdo sfnofqfnfO{ ;zQm ¿kdf cu|ult k|bfg ug{ ;Sg] af}l4s / lqmofzLn hgzlQmsf] lgdf{0f ug{ ;sf];\ .

^= gf6s n]vgdf ;fdflhs kl/j]zn] ;sf/fTds / gsf/fTds b'j} k|efj kf5{ / Pp6f s'zn gf6ssf/ x'g snfsf cGo ljljw kIfx¿df em}+ ;f}Gbo{r]tgf, hLjgr]tgf / sfnr]tgfsf] Pp6f ljlzi6 cfWoflTds ;dLs/0f cfjZos 5 . gf6\o n]vgsf ax'cfoflds k|ljlwx¿sf] ;"Id / ;3g cWoog tyf o;sf] /ªd~rLo hLjgk|ltsf] ;+j]bgzLntf klg TolQs} dxTjk"0f{ x'G5 .

k|:t'lt– t'n;Lx/L sf]O/fnf