|
sljj/ s]bf/dfg JolytM s[i0frGb|l;+x k|wfg sljj/ s]bf/dfg JolytnfO{ ;D´Fbf d]/f] cufl8 pgsf] Pp6f
clj/fd ;ª\3if{zLn JolQmTj, cf]h:jL k|v/tf, b[9 k|lt1f :j¿k ´'lNsG5 . dfg"F kfpdf
cfFwLsf] j]u 5, ;°Nkdf lxdfnL b[9tf, ultdf 5x/fsf] clj/ntf . Jo:ttfsf] lhGbuL afFr]/ ;b}j
lqmofzLn /xg] Jolyt sd{of]uL of]4fk'?if lyP . lst l;h{gf/t /x]/ To;}åf/f clee"t
;+;f/df /ld/x]sf x'Gy] lst nlB|ft sfo{sf] ;kmn sfof{Gjog / ;+ul7t ;+/rgfdf ;dlk{t eO{
ljr/0f ul//x]sf x'Gy] . l/Qf] xft, z"Go dg, lgl:qmo z/L/ af]sL lylu|/xg k6Ss} g?rfpg]
JolytnfO{ So} g So}df nflu/xg' k5{, nflu/x]s} b]V5' . Jolytsf] zAbsf]zdf lj>fdnfO{ 7fpF 5}g . ef]lnnfO{
kv]{/ cfhsf] lbg v]/ kmfNg dfGb}gg\ . kf]v/L eP/ hld/xg grfx]h:t} pkef]u gu/L ;Fufln/fVg
klg dg k/fpFb}gg\ . ef]lns] x'g] xf] yfxf 5}g . hlt;'s} clglZrt nfu] klg x/]; gvfg]
Jolytdf To;sf k|lt lge{otf 5 / Pp6f cfTdljZjf; klg . t/ xfd|f] h:tf] s'g} s'/fsf] 7]ufg
gePsf] b]zdf s;dfly e/f];f ug]{ < P]gsfg'g < gltlgod < g]tf, kf6L{,
Joj:yf s] df < logLx¿af6 sltsf] lrGtf/lxt eO{ lgoldt x'g;S5f}+ < cfZj:t x'g ;S5f}+
< lg?Q/ x'g'kg]{ o:t} k|Zgn] cfzl°t eP/ g} t sltnfO{ cg}lts eO{lbg' k/]sf] 5, sltnfO{
e|i6frf/ ug{ k|f]T;flxt x'g' k/]sf] 5 . ljZjf;sf] of] ;°6 g} nfUof] xfd|f] ;d;fdlos oyfy{
xf] . s;}sf lglDt sf]xL e/kbf]{ ePgf}+ . hf]lvd ;D´G5f}+ xfdL Ps csf{sfnflu Û Jolyt t slj g} eP . efj's klg x'gfn] slxn]sfxL+
c;Gt'lnt eOlbg' cgf}7f] xf]Og . efjfj]z cfslif{t x'g] lg0f{o h:t} uNtL u5f}{+ o:tf]df . @))$ ;fnsf] s'/f] xf] . s'/f] xf] g]kfnL ;flxTo
kl/ifb\af6 k|sflzt x'g] k':tssf] sfddf Jolyt / XborGb| b'j} k6gf hfFbfv]/Lsf] . To;a]nf
lxGbLsf k|l;4 slj lbgs/ -/fdwf/L l;+x_sf] eSv/} lg:s]sf]
s'?B|f]qÚ sfJoaf/] lxGbL
;flxTodf lgs} rrf{ rln/x]sf] lyof] . Jolytn] klg Tof] ;'g], k9] / k|efljt eO{ t'?Gt}
s'?B|f]qÚsf] vf]hLdf lg:s] . XborGb| klg ;fy} lyP . k6gfaf6 5flkPsf] / ToxL+sf
sljsf] ax'rlr{t k':ts gkfOg] s'/} ePg . b]Vg] lalQs} ;f]lwxfn]5g\ c/] slt5g\ of]
k':ts tkfO{+ sxfF < k':ts k;n] lhlNnP/ JolytnfO{ x]g{ yfN5 . bfh' klg 5Ss
k5{g\ . oyf;do hjfkm glbPkl5 jFlsb} lxGbLdf km]l/ bf]xf¥ofpFb} ;f]w] 5g\
c/]
slQ 5 eg]sf] ;'g]gf} <Ú bfh'n] JolytnfO{ o;f] cfkm"lt/ tfg]/ eg]5g\
s] ;f]Wg' ePsf] of] < ;of}+ k|lt xf]nf /], xfdLnfO{ lsg rflxof] <Æ
n
, olt k|l;4 k':ts xftfxft uOxfN5 lg .Ú
h;sf] af/]df xfdL t oxfF cfPkl5 yfxf kfpFb}5f}+ .
sf7df8f}+af;LnfO{ s] yfxf xf]nf < eOxfn] klg slt 5g\ k9\g]x¿ < lsg af]´ af]s]/
lagl;Q} uf]7fnf] aGg' k¥of 5 xfdLnfO{ <Ú JolytnfO{ xf] eGg] nfu]5 . t}klg @÷# k|lt lslgxfNg'
ef] eGg] ;'Gbf dfd'nL eP klg pgsf] efj's :jefjaf6 cjut x'g ;3fp k'¥ofpF5 . Jolyt k|i6 jQmf lyP . v;f]vf; eGg] :jefjsf ;fx;L klg .
h:tf] cfkm"nfO{ nfU5 Tof] elgxfNy] ;f]rljrf/} gu/L lgw{Ss, lgM;°f]r / ljgf s'g}
d/df]nflxhf . eGbf To;sf] k|ltlqmof s:tf] k5{ ;f]Rb}g lyP, s] eGnfg\ uDb}g lyP . eGg' x'g]
xf] ls xf]Og of] klg Vofn ub}{g lyP . v'zfpmg\ ls l/;fpmg\ s] dtna < To;f] eg]/ h;nfO{
/ h;sf af/]df elg/x]sf x'G5g\ p;nfO{ grfx]/ xf]Og, g;x]/ xf]Og, pml;t l/;fP/ klg xf]Og,
cyjf pgLx¿sfk|lt s'g} b'ef{jgf /fv]/ elg/x]sf klg x'Fb}gg\ . nfu]sf] s'/f ;Dd'v
/flvlbGy], olQ xf] . kl5 pgL lal;{;S5g . Jojxf/ eg] To:t} ul//x]sf x'G5g\ h:tf] cl3kl5
uy]{, h:tf] ;DaGw /lxcfPsf] 5 . ;'Gg]nfO{ eg] ;fx|} v6\lsG5, gld7f] / Tolts} tLtf], 6/f]{,
h/ª rNg]vfnsf] klg . o;sf/0f sf]xL cx+sf/L ;D´Fbf /x]5g\ lh2Ljfn= sf]xL
Psf]xf]/f], 7"nf] x'g'kg]{ / :jfFuL klg . pgn] eg]sf] unt / ztk|ltzt a]7Ls xf]Og,
gxf]nf g} eg"F nf} . xfdL klg t cfgf] cfnf]rgf, l6Kk0fL sxfF ;'Gg ;S5f}+ /
To:tf] sdhf]/L, cefj :jLsf/]/ sxfF oyfy{tf j/0f u5f}{+ < o;sf/0f ;Dd'v So} eGg g;s] klg
lrQ a'bf]/x]g5 / :d[ltdf b'/fu|x ;fFr]/ slxn]sfxL+ /f}l;G5f}+ . o;/L dflg;x¿
lrl9+bf/x]5g\, csf]{lt/ cfkm" lagl;Q} clk|o x'g' k/]sf] xf];} x'Fb}g . dflg; To:t} x'Fbf]/x]g5 h:tf] d rfxG5' . d}n] rfx]h:tf]
gx'Fb}df g?rfpg' klg Ps k|sf/sf] k"jf{u|x xf] . o;nfO{ ;+sL0f{tf eG5' . lg;Ëtfleq
/flvg] ;DaGwsf] klg ;fk]lB|fs dxTj / d"No x'G5 . o;nfO{ cFufNg g;s]af6 xfdLleq} sltko
e|dx¿, sn'lifttfx¿, j}dgiozx¿ df}nfpFbf /x]5g\ . cldNbf] afgLa]xf]/f
c;fwf/0ftfsf] klg lrgf/L xf] JolQmTj / ljnB|f0ftfsf] Bf]ts eO{ dflg;df cfefl;t x'g
yfN5 . Jolytn] lghL hLjgdf hlt JolQmTjsf] ljsf; u/], ;Ddfg cfh{g u/] cyjf k|lti7f kfP,
cl:tTj :yflkt u/] of] ltg} ljlrqtfsf] of]ubfg xf] h;sf af/]df xfdLnfO{ u'gf;f] 5, l6Kk0fL
u5{g\ dflg;x¿ h;n] ubf{ cnf]slk|o klg eOlbg'k¥of] xf]nf . o:tf] :jefj, afgLa]xf]/
c;fwf/0f nfUg] dflg;sf] c;fdfGotfnfO{ hgfpg] k|s[lt dfg]/ cËLsf/ ug{ g;Sg]x¿sf lgldQ
;b}j cfnf]Ro x'G5 / clk|o klg . dxTjfsfª\B|ffljxLg dfG5] pgL xf]Og . Pp6f csf]{ l;l4
klg 5 Tof] xf] cfF6]sf] sfd kmQ]ug]{ s'zntf . pgn] eg]kl5 gfO eGg]x¿ sd} b]v]+, eGg}
;Qmf/x]g 5g\ . k|efljt ug]{ ;Lk t 5Fb}5, TolQs} :jfledfgL lyP / dfgfkdfgk|lt Psbd ;r]t .
To;}n] 7"nf] x'g'kg]{ dfG5] h:tf] klg b]lvGy] . To:tf] x'Fb} xf]Og elGbg . jf:tjdf
pgLnfO{ lrgfpg] 5'§} klxrfg eP/ o;n] pgsf] JolQmTjsf] sfd u¥of] . o:tf] rl/qsf]
e"ldsfnfO{ uf}0f u/]/ x]bf{ s'g} dxTjk"0f{ tTjs} pk]B|ff u/]/ JolQmsf] kl/ro
JolQmTjaf6} ckl/lrt eOlbO/fv]sf x'G5f}+ . cUnf] sb, tGs]sf] 5ftL, 7f8f] l;/n] 6s6s
a8]dfgsf] kfOnf rfn]/ lx+8\g] Jolyt a8f] km'lt{nf] / t]h:jL b]lvGy] . hLjgsf] psfnLcf]/fnLdf rfx]s} sfd dfq} ul//x]sf
x'Fb}gf}+ . grfx]sf] sd{ u/]/ klg ljj;tf ;sfl//x]sf x'G5f}+ . cyf{t\ To:t} ug]{ cf:yfsf
hf]aGbL xf]Ogf}+ t/ ;sfg{ ljj; x'G5f}+ . nflu;s]kl5 ;dlk{t eO{ nfUg] afgL Jolytsf] 5
. pgsf] Tofu, ;ª\3if{zLntf / of]ubfgsf] t'ngfdf ljrng nfUg] pQ/fw{sf] 5lj cfnf]Ro lyPg .
l6Kk0fLx¿ eO/x] . To:tf]df klg s;}sf] sfFwdf bfloTj kG5fP/ pDsg] ub}{gg\ . ckufn t vKg}
kg]{ x'G5 . pgL s'nklt x'Fbfsf] 36gf xf] . Psk6s pgsf] lj/f]wdf
;fgf]ltgf] cfGbf]ng g} 5]l8of] . kqklqsfx¿df cfnf]rgfsf] ´/L nfUof] . o;sf]
lgb]{zg hxfFaf6 eP klg cfof]lht lyof] . dflg;x¿ cfgf] :jfy{sf] nflu s;}sf] JolQmTj
db{g ug{ ´sf]{ dfGbf /x]g5g\ . oxL df}sf kf/]/ ;fDk|bflos /Ë;d]t kf]Tg] cfF6 u/] .
if8oGq lyPg t elGbg . k[i7e"ldrflx+ k|1fejgsf] ;+/B|f0f / k|of]ul;t ;DalGwt lyof] .
/fhkl/jf/sf s'g} ;b:ol;t ;/f]sf/ /fVg] k|Zg eOsg klg o;nfO{ gLltut :t/df sfod ug{
vf]lhPsf]n] s;}k|lt nlB|ft lyPg . t/ k|bz{gsB|f pknAw gePsf] a'Fbf dfgckdfgl;t
ufFl;P/ k|ltzf]wdf kl/0ft x'G5 . /fhf dx]Gb| ;+/B|fs lyP / k|1f ejgk|lt ckf/ dfof lyof] /
ljz]if cle?lr klg . s;}nfO{ lb+bf lbO/xg' kg]{ kl/kf6L g} aG5, o;af6 d'lQm ldNb}g eGg]
/fhfsf] ;f]rfO lyof] . o;sf/0f b'?kof]u gxf];\ eGg] d'/fbn] ;fj{hlgs ul/Pg . ;Dd'v s'nklt
x'gfn] ;a} s'/fsf] h;ckh; p;}n] a]xf]g'{ k5{ . axf]/] klg . o;/L lj/f]wsf] cfuf]
;NSof] . ;Ns]sf] cfuf] ;Nsfpgdf pgLx¿ klg ;fd]n eP hh;nfO{ Jolytsf] lgo'lQm g} kr]sf]
lyPg . pgLx¿n] klg o; cj;/sf] pkof]u u/] . hG8, lgeL{s / /fi6«jfbL eO{ b]z elg/xg]
:jfledfg of] cxDdGotf / ;°L0f{ ;f]rfO{n] ddf{xt x'G5 . dflysf] 36gf ;f]h} ;DalGwt lyPg t/ Jolytsf] /f]lanf]
cxd\ r'gf}tL eP5 . To:tf dflg;x¿ df}sf kfpg] lalQs} afFs6] xfGg yflnxfN5g\ . o; cy{df
c;DalGwt gnfUg] ;Gbe{ ufF;]/ ;d:of rsf{pg'df ;a} Ps lyP . s}lkmotL dg / c;lxi0f'tfnfO{
cËLsf/ ug]{x¿sf] k|ltzf]wsf] nflu lgx'F eP k'U5 . v]bf] vGg' / xft hf]g'{ pgLx¿sf lglDt
s'g 7"nf] s'/f xf] . t/ o; gLltut pQ/n] lrl9Psfx¿sf] c;d´bf/Lleq ljBdfg
c;lxi0f'tfsf] ;fgf] ´ns oxfF cg'ej ug{ ;S5f}+ . ;fy} :jefj eP/ d'vl/t sltko ljnB|f0ftf /
cf]hsf] sf/0f cufl8 kg{ g;Sg]x¿nfO{ O{iof{ nfU5 . Jolytdf To:t} JolQmTj / ljlrqtfsf]
k|v/tf 5 . t/ Jolyt oxL xf] eGg vf]h]sf] xf]Og . pgnfO{ lrgfpg] / pgLleq lglxt k|ltef tyf
JolQmTjsf] ;f°]lts pb\af]wgdf o:tf] ljnB|f0ftfn] k[i7e"ldsf] sfd u5{ . of] cs}{ s'/f
xf] . eg"F eg] cgf}7f] nfUg] c;fdfGotfx¿ w]/}nfO{ v6\lsg] klg x'G5, ;xh nfUb}g .
o;sf/0f ljlrq dfG5] 7fg]/ a? xf]Rofpg vf]Hnfg\ . jf:tjdf of] ljlrq, cJofjxfl/s / c8afËf]
nfUg] afgL a]xf]/fn] s'g} l;h{gf tNnLg efj's lrQa[lQs} lj:d[t / lj:dosf/L dfgl;s cj:yf
af]w ug]{ Psf]xf]/f]kgnfO{ lalDat ul//x]sf] x'G5 hf] ;fdfGo nfUb}g . Jolytdf o:t} ljlrqtfx¿ lyP pgsf] efj'stf,
Psf]xf]/f]kg, cJofjxfl/stfn] o;nfO{ kl/nlB|f5 u5{ . t/ sljn]vsx¿ o:t} x'G5g\,
lj1fgL / bfz{lgsx¿ log} vfnsf x'G5g\, log} afgLa]xf]/fn] slj, bfz{lgs agfpF5g\ eGg
rfx]sf] xf]Og . x'g] OR5f / gx'g] ljt[i0ff g} ;a} yf]s sxfF xf] / < o;nfO{ g};lu{s
:t/d} sa'Ng' kg]{ x'G5 . t/ To; lsl;dsf] c;fdflhstfnfO{ c;fwf/0f rl/qsf] ;+1f lbP/ ljlzi6
u'0fsf] ¿kdf cYof{pF5f}+ / af]w u5f}{+ . of] s]jn To;k|l5 lg/k]lB|ft x'gfsf] c;fjwfgL xf]
hf] uf}0f / dxTjxLg ;D´]/ kl/0ffdsf] ofb} gu/L cfkm" k"0f{tof s'g} cs}{
l;h{gfnf]ssf] ofqf / vf]hL ug]{ w'gdf lj:d[t x'g] u5{ . s]xL o:t} ;+:d/0fx¿sf] rrf{
ub}{5' hf] cJofjxfl/s nfUg] cltzo ;hutfn] Psf]xf]l/P/ ´G8} cdfgjLo b'3{6gf eOlbPsf] lyof]
. clg To:t} cg'lrttfsf] af]wn] ;Ldfsf] Vofn} gu/]klg cf}lrTok"0f{ oyfy{df cjnlDas eO{
ckdfghgs cg'e"lt ;"lrt ug]{ pgsf] ;fxl;stf klg cfkm}df cb\e't nfU5 . 6L=aL= ePkl5 JolytnfO{ hlt b'Mv nfU5 To;eGbf b'Mlvt
b]v]+ hfgfhfgL /f]usf] lzsf/ x'g' k/]sf]df . To;}n] ljutnfO{ ;fB|fL dfg]/ a/fa/ k5'tfpg]
uy]{ . clg s;}nfO{ To:tf] gk/f];\ eg]/ cfkm" Psbd ;ts{ x'Gy] . z+sfwf/L t pgL lyP g}
´g\ To:t} eOlbPsf]n] ljZjf; ug]{ g} ef] . s'/f] s] eg] JolytnfO{ 6L=aL= x'g cufj} XborGb|nfO{ of]
/f]un] 5f]O;s]sf] lyof] . k|f/lDes cj:yfsf] x'gfsf] slxn]sfxL+ To:t} kbf{ aflx/ lg:sg]
uy]{ . Pslbg bfh'nfO{ ;fy lnP/ pgs} sfddf Jolyt l;+xb/jf/ dGqfno uPsf /x]5g\ . eb|sfnL
k'u]kl5 Psl5g ;':tfpg 5xf/Ldf a;]5g\ . To;a]nf;Dd 6}S;L6]Dkf] lyPg . bfh'n] uf]hLaf6
:ofp l´s]/ cfgf] vNtLsf] ?dfnn] k'5\b} JolytnfO{ vfg cg'/f]w u/]5g\ . pgL wd{;°6df
k/] . 6L=aL= /f]uLsf] uf]hL ?dfnn] k'5]sf] :ofp s;/L vfg] <
xf]Og, tkfO{+ vfg';\,
d eSv/} eft vfP/ lg:s]sf] x'F .Ú Jolytn] pDsg vf]h] /] . bfh' dfGb} dfg]g 5g\ . To;}a]nf
dnfO{ 6L=aL= ;/]sf] x'g'k5{ Jolytsf] cfz°f lyof] . B|fo/f]usf] pkrf/ ug]{ 6f]vf :ofgf6f]l/od afx]s g]kfndf
csf]{ lyPg . cfhsf] h:tf] cf]VtL lgl:sg;s]sf]n] of] /f]u nfu]kl5 afFRg] cf;} ug'{
kb}{gYof] lxhf]cfhsf] SofG;/, P8\; h:tf] . To;}n] ef/tLo /fhb"tfjf;sf] ;xof]udf
pkrf/sf nflu e"kfn uPsf /x]5g\ Jolyt . o;/L dnfO{ B|fo/f]u nfUof] Jolyt eGy] . e"kfnsf] c:ktfndf pgL 5 dlxgf a;]sf lyP . oxfF So}
s'/f c´} :ki6 ug'{k5{ . Tof] xf] cfgf] /f]u c¿nfO{ ;nf{ eGg] kL/ / clg ;dosf k|lt
hfu?stf . pgL c¿af6 klg oxL cfzf /fVy] . To;f] gugf{n] g} cfkm" lzsf/ x'g' k/]sf]
la;]{sf lyPgg\ . o:t} ;ts{tf ga]xf]/]/ ;dosf] a]jf:tf u/]sf] 36gf oxfF ;D´Fb} 5' . pkrf/fy{ e"kfn uPsf JolytnfO{ c:ktfndf /fv]sf]
lyPg . c:ktfn glhs} 5'§} aËnfsf] Joj:yf ul/lbPsf lyP . ToxfFsf /fHokfnn] klg lgs} ;xof]u
u/]sf lyP c/] . /fHokfn lyP ;fob z°/bofn zdf{ hf] kl5 /fi6«klt eP . ljb]zL kfx'gf ;/x
Jojxf/ u/]sf lyP pgsf k|lt . To:t} ;'ljwf pknAw u/fOPsf] lyof] . 8fS6/L hfFr, O~h]Szg
lbg], vfg] s'/fsf] k|aGw, lg/LB|f0f cflbsf] Joj:yf ofjt\ c:ktfnaf6} x'GYof] . aflx/
hfgcfpgsf nflu uf8Lsf] k|aGw lyof], gf]s/ rfs/ Tolts} lyP c/] . bfh' klg ef/tLo
/fhb"tjf;s} ;xof]usf pkrf/sf nflu e"kfn uPsfn] pgLaf6 klg ;'g]sf] x'F . PskN6 O~h]Szg lbg] g;{ sf/0fjz l9nf] k'u]sL /lxl5g\ .
;dosf] Vofn ug]{ JolytnfO{ 7"nf] nfk/jfxL nfu]5 b08gLo ck/fw h:tf] . clg s]
rflxof] l/;fOxfn]5g\ olQs}df . 8fS6/, g;{x¿ g} ;dodf cfpFb}gg\, nfk/jfxL u5{g\ eg]
la/fdLx¿ s;/L 7Ls xf]nfg\ < ltdLx¿ t /f]uLsf] lhGbuL;Fu v]nfFrL ubf{/x]5f}+ .
ltdLnfO{ hflu/af6} lsg gvf]:g] < g;{sf] t ;ftf]k'Tnf] uP5 . e"n ef] dfkm kfpF .
cfOGbf o:tf] uNtL x'g] 5}g eg]l5g\ . Jolytn] ;'k/]G6]G8]gnfO{ lr¶L n]lvxfn] . kmnfgf] g;{n] ;dodf O~h]Szg glbP/ nfk/jfxL u/]sLn]
To:tfaf6 c:ktfns} abgfd x'g] x'Fbf / la/fdLx?sf] oyf]lrt ;]jf ;Dej gx'g] b]v]sf]n] lghnfO{
t'?Gt} ;]jfaf6} avf{:t ul/lbg' xf]nf . ;'/]G6]G8]G6 lr¶L k9]/ tLg5Ss k5{g\, Tolts} b'Mv klg
nfu]5 /] . avf{:t u?F Pp6L gl;sf] bfgfkfgLsf] ;jfn, s;/L x/0f ug]{ < gu?F ;DdfggLo
ljb]zL kfx'gfsf] ckdfg . 8fS6/sf] lgldQ b'j} sl7g lyof] . 7"nf] wd{;°6df k/]5g\ . lr¶L t n]v] / k7fP klg t/ JolytnfO{ /flt lgGb|} nfu]g5
c/] . ef]lnkN6 laxfg} km]l/ csf]{ lr¶L n]v]5g\ ;'k/]G6]G8]G6nfO{ To; c:ktfnsL kmnfgf] g;{nfO{ pkrf/sf] sfddf x]nrqmofFO
u/]sLn] avf{:t ug{ n]v]sf] lyPF . lghsf] lhGbuLsf] k|Zg ePsf]n] cGofo x'g] x'Fbf cljnDj
lgo'lQmsf nflu cg'/f]w ub{5' . dfg"F c:ktfn lghL sfof{no xf] / dftxtsf
sd{rf/LnfO{ vf]:g]ydf}tL ug]{ xflsd pgL cfkm} x'g\ . lr¶L k9]/ ;'k/]G6]G8]G8 TolQs} cfZro{ rlst x'G5g\ /
pgsf] efj'stfk"0f{ ;Xbotf b]v]/ clnstf kUn]5g\ klg . g;{ t ToxL+ /lx/l5g\ . dnfO{ s]
nfUof] eg] nfk/jfxLaf6 a9\g] u}/lhDd]jf/Lkgsf] lj/f]w ugf{sf] ;fy} clnstf ckdfg ug{
vf]h]sf] nfu]5 / Tof] To;} cxd\sf] cJoQm lyof] eg] cfj]zk"0f{ lg0f{ok|lt clnstf
kZrftflkt dgn] :jLsf/]sf] cGofoaf]w tyf b'Mvfg'e"lt klg lyof] . b'j}sf] cleJolQmdf
ljnB|f0f :jefjsf] k|v/tf k|ltlalDat gePsf] 5}g . ;'g] cg';f/ g;{sf] avf{:tuL / axfnL b'j} eP5 c/] Û pkrf/s} ;Gbe{df e"kfn a;fOsf] a]nf 36]sf] csf]{
clj:d/0fLo 36gf ;D´G5' . /fhf dx]Gb| ef/tsf] /fhsLo e|d0fsf] l;nl;nfdf e"kfn klg
;jf/L ePsf] lyof] . Jolytsf] ToxL+ pkrf/ u/fO/x]sf] yfxf kfP/ /fhf :jo+ e]6\g ;jf/L ePsf]
/x]5 pkrf/u[xdf .
va/ kfPsf] eP d cfkm} xflh/ x'Gy] ;/sf/sf] bz{g ug{ .Ú Jolytn]
cf}krfl/stfsf oL zAb kf]v]5g\ . :jf:Yosf] l:ylt, ;Grf]lj;Grf], s] s:tf] pkrf/
eO/x]sf] xf] j[QfGt hfgsf/L lnOaS;]kl5 lkmlt{ ;jf/L eof] . kl5 /fhfaf6 aS; ePsf] egL
;xof]ufy{ s]xL /sd;lxtsf] vfdaGbL lr¶L lbg /fhfsf] ;lrj Jolyt sxfF cfP5g\ . ;f]Rb}
g;f]w]sf] /fhfsf] ;Daf]wgaf6 lvGg Jolytsf] c;Gtf]if, u'gf;f] ;lrjnfO{ b]Vg] lalQs} PsfPs
k|Zg;"rs efiffdf lj:kmf]l6t eP5 M
ltd|f] /fhf t a8f] cgf}7fsf dfG5] /x]5g\Ú -dnfO{
eGbfv]/L Jolytn] k|of]u u/]sf] ;j{gfd xf] of] _ sNkgftLt k|Zg ;'g]/ ;lrj lhlNnG5g\ . pb]s
dfg]/ JolytnfO{ x]b}{ eG5g\
s] eGg' ePsf] < d}n] t k6Ss} a'l´g\ .Ú
k|hftGqdf s;}nfO{ ltdL eGg' sxfFsf] ;Eotf xf] of]
<Ú To;a]nf;Dd Jolytsf] /fhf dx]Gb|;Fu Tolt 3lgi7tf lyPg .
cfTdLo lxdlrdsf] cefjdf s]jn cf}krfl/stf lgjf{x ul/Psf] lyof] . aNn a'´]5g\ Jolytsf] cfzo
. t/ ;lrjn] s] eGg] < To;} To;} cndlnPsf] b]v]/ Jolytn] km]l/ yk]5g\
ltd|f] /fhfnfO{ elGbg';\ k|hftGqdf s;}nfO{ ltdL
eg]/ ;Daf]wg ug'{ /fd|f] xf]Og .Ú zAb d]/f], s'/f] Jolytsf] . ;lrj kms]{5g\ . /fhfnfO{ To;/L g} ljlGt r9fPsf /x]5g\
h;/L Jolytn] eg]sf lyP . ;do ablnof] . k|hftGq /x]g, k|hftGqsf] :jtGqtf klg /x]g, jftfj/0f
klg /x]g . gofF a]x'nLsf] ¿kdf lgb{nLo k~rfotL Joj:yfsf] cfudgn] hGdfPsf]
sf}t"xnk"0f{ k|Zg lh1f;fsf] ¿kdf ;a}sf] dgdf cl°t lyof] . To;} a]nf, ;'?
;'?lt/} x'g'k5{ . sf7df8f}+df Pp6f slj uf]i7L ePsf] lyof] ;fob /fhfsf] klg ;d'kl:ylt lyof]
. o; ljz]if slj uf]i7Ldf Jolytn] klg sljtf kf7 u/]sf lyP . pgsf] egfO cg';f/ ToxL sljtf
/fhf dx]Gb| / pgsf] aLr ;DaGw hf]8\g] ;]t' eof] . sljtfsf] ;fgf] c+z o:tf] 5M o:t} 5 of] sljtf ;'g]/ /fhf lgs} k|efljt eP Jolyt eGy] .
b/af/d} af]nfP/ Jolytaf6 ToxL sljtf km]l/ >fj0f ul/aS;]sf] lyof] c/] . /fhfl;tsf] of] gf6sLo ;DaGwnfO{ v} s] eg"F <
/fhgLlts ;xcl:tTj xf] ls sljtfn] hf]8]sf] ;fOgf] < t/ oxL v'n:t, cfTdLo / ;xhtfn]
hf]8]sf] ;DaGwn] JolytnfO{ dGqL agfof], s'nklt agfof] . So} gx'Fbfsf] l:yltdf klg
e"kfndf pgn] kfPsf] bz{ge]6 / v/f] l6Kk0fL /fhfsf lglDt clj:d/0fLo lyof] .
To;}n] c?x? h]af6 ;Daf]lwt eP klg s]bf/dfg Jolyt /fhf dx]Gb|af6
tkfO{+Ú g} eP/
;Daf]lwt eO/x]sf] 36gf cfkm}df cb\e't, P]ltxfl;s, clj:d/0fLo / dfld{s 5 . pgsf] ;fxl;stf /
JolQmTj k|lti7flkt ug]{ of] Pp6f b[i6fGt eG7fG5' . g]kfn efiff ;flxTodf slj Jolyt t]h]Zj/ afa' Uj+uM sfJo ;fwgf/t slj Jolyt g]kfn efiff ;flxTofsfzsf klg
pHHjn gB|fq lyP, /x] / /xg]5g\ . g]kfn efiff Jolytsf slj s07sf] dft[efiff lyof],
/of] / /xg]5g\ . s]bf/dfg Jolytsf slj g]kfn efiffsf d"t{ ;|i6f g} ag] /
alg/xg]5g\ . slj Jolytsf cxd\ hf] afFRg] 5g\ g]kfn efiff ;flxTofsfzdf Tof] pxfFs} sflJos
;fwgfsf] b]g aG5 . slj Jolyt g]kfn efiffsf j/b ;|i6f ag] . pgsf g]kfn
efiffsf sljtf;fwgf ;fdflhs, /fhgLlts, ;f+:s[lts oyfy{tfsf dfld{s zAb lrq /x]sf 5g\ .
:juL{o Jolytsf slj oL tLg} cfofddf chDa/L 5g\ . ;dfhnfO{ lrq0f ug{ ;zQm snd rnfpg] pgsf
sljn] n]v] M jn ld:t ;v] nF lrnfAo" Û cyf{t\ b]p g af6f] 5f8L dlxnf cfOg\ /] Û tGg]/L ;fF9]sf] uf]nuf]n cfFvf ;nanfPsf] of}jg dQfaf6
dw'/ zAb d':sfg r'xfpFb} Joy{ Joª\Uo /; r'xfpg] Ps} k+lQm klg tTsfnLg ;fdflhs ;+:sf/
´Nsfpg] slj Jolytsf sfJo wf/fsf Ps 6KsfO{ eG7fG5' .z[Ëf/ /;Knfljt Jolytsf tGg]/L a}+;sf
hLjg ;fdflhs, /fhgLlts / ;fF:s[lts ;+r]tgf el/sf k'i6 cg'e"ltuDo nLnf /of] . @)!% ;fntfsf g]kfn ;flxTo dlGb/sf] sfo{sB|fdf slj Jolyt
/ wd{/Tg old ;flxlTos kfx'gf lyP . cleJolQms} qmddf pxfFn] cfgf ljk'n ;Gtlt ;f+lvs
s"n eGb} uj{ u/]y] . tTsfnLg ;f]leot ?;df uP /fli6«o ;Ddfgsf efuL alg;s]sf] 5' eGg]
wf/0ff JoQm ePsf] ;'g]sf] d]n] pxfFaf6 . @)!^ efb| ^ ut]
kl/ro slj uf]i7LÚsf] cfof]hgf
u/]+ cfg} ;+of]hsTjdf d}n] . :juL{o 8f= jL=kL= zdf{ -d]l8sn clkm;/_ eQmk'/ c:ktfnn]
lgs} ;3fpg' ePYof] dnfO{ To; sfddf . slj Jolytsf] ;efkltTjdf slj uf]i7L ;~rfng eof] .
b]zsf ;a}h;f] nAwk|ltli7t ;flxTo dxf/yLx¿ ;lDdlnt To; uf]i7Ldf g]kfn efiffsf slj
b'uf{nfns} :j/ d'v/gaf6 sljtf jfrg yfngL ePYof] . e"kL z]/rgsf lg´{/ sljtf, uf]kfn
k|= l/dfnsf
cfdfÚ, s[i0feQm >]i7sf
t;jL/sf] /fhfÚ sljtf jfrg lgtfGt
/f}gs, /f]rs lyP . xf]gxf/ slj sjloqL hdftsf sfJo cg'i7fg tTsfnLg ;f}o{ ;'Gb/tf ag]Yof] . dxfslj nB|dLk|;fb b]jsf]6f d[To' z}ofdf lyP . dfq
g/s°fn ag]/ dxfslj l3l6s l3l6s ub}{ lyP . XborGb| l;+x k|wfg tTsfn} dfq lgwg ePsf lyP .
Jolyt lgwg ePsf XborGb|l;+x k|wfg / d[To' z}ofdf l3l6s l3l6s k/]sf dxfslj b]jsf]6fk|lt
efj's d'b|fdf cleJoQm eP Psbd cfqmf]lzt Jolyt . pgsf cleJolQmx¿ ?i6 d'b|fdf ;'Gb} lyP tTsfnLg g]kfn
/fhsLo k|f1hg . pks'nklt afnrGb| zdf{afx]s c¿ ;a} tTsfnLg ;d'kl:yt lyP kl/ro sljuf]i7Ldf
. lg8/ :j/ / :jefjsf slj Jolyt lgtfGt cfqmf]lzt eP . /fi6«af6 kfpg'kg]{ / ;Sg] of]u /
;xof]u gkfP/ XborGb|l;+x k|wfg d/] . dxfslj b]jsf]6f pgs} cg'z/0fdf k/]sf] a'nGb :j/n]
kl/ro slj uf]i7Lsf] kl/rofTds ul/df a9fPYof] . s]bf/dfgsf slj Jolytn] slxn] n'/] hLjg
:jefj kfn]gg\ . g]kfn efiff ;flxTofsfzdf xf]pg\, g]kfnL jfª\dodf xf]pg\ of lxGbL sljtfsf
lB|flthdf g} lsg gxf]pg\ Û kl/ro sljuf]i7L h'g slj Jolyts} ;efkltTjdf ;~rfng
ul/of] To;df dfwjk|;fb l3ld/], l;l4r/0f >]i7, afns[i0f ;d, ejfgL leB|f', s[i0frGb|l;+x
k|wfg, uf]kfnk|;fb l/dfn, jf;' zzL, e"kL z]/rg, s[i0feQm >]i7, kf]if0f kf08],
hgsk|;fb x'dfufO{+, ;Toefdf dfy]df, b'uf{nfn >]i7, ;"o{axfb'/ lkjfM, /dfklt/fh
zdf{, /fdz]v/ gsdL{ ltnsk|;fb sfoi7, s]bf/gfy Gof}kfg], lrQw/ Xbo, /TgWjh hf]zL, df]xg
lxdf+z' yfkf, åfl/sf >]i7 k|e[lt n]vs sljx¿sf] cg'kd ;Ëd lyof] . dxfslj nB|dLk|;fb b]jsf]6f zfGt ejg ldzg c:ktfnsf]
sB|fdf l;lsit la/fdL lyP . cfh xf] ls ef]ln eg] ´}+ lyof] cj:yf . efj ljjn
eP/ ;efklt efif0fdf slj Jolytn] tLB|0f zAbjf0f k|xf/ ub}{ af]Ng yfn] . æb]jsf]6f dg{ nfu]sf] xf]Og . Ps]8]dLaf6 lt/:s[t eP/
dg{ nfu]sf] . lt/:sf/ ug]{x¿ oxL+ g} 5g\ .Æ lg8/ JolQmTjsf l;+xgfb To:t} /of] . g]kfn efiffdf ;+/lrt Jolytsf sljtfsf ;ª\u|xx¿ slj
Jolytsf sfnhoL sljtf ag]sf 5g\ . /f0ffzf;g sfnsf] eoeLt cj:yfdf Jolytsf
Vjlj+ Kofu'
Do]Ú,
lbj; lrqÚ cflb ;ª\u|xleqsf sljtf tTsfnLg g]kfnL ;dfhsf cj:yfnfO{ zAblrqdf
cjt/0f ul/Psf Sofgef; ag]sf 5g\ . Sofgef; sljtf / sljtf Sofgef; aG5g\ aG5g\ ha zAbsf] /ª
/ /ª zAbsf ;:j/ efiff xfn pBt x'G5g\ . Jolytsf g]kfn efiffdf ;+/lrt sljtfn] zAb /ª 5g{ /
/ËLg zAb sf]g{ ;fy{s ag]sf 5g\ . cWoog / lrGtgn] kf7s hut\nfO{ Tot}lt/ pGd'v kfb{5 .
Vjlj+ Kofu' Do]Ú xfd|} hLjgsf tTsfnLg bf?0f
cj:yfhGo cleJolQm aG5 . Vjla+? cfF;'n], Kofu'? ?´]sf], leh]sf], Do]?;ËLt . cfF;'n]
leh]sf] uLt cyjf cfF;'df ?´]sf] ;ËLt h] egf}+ tL bf?0f cj:yfsf d"t{ cleJolQm ag]sf
5g\ . s]bf/dfg cGt/ dfg'if slj lyP, ag] . slj, k/Gt' lg:tf] JolQm xf]Ogg\ . pgsf sljleq Ps
snfsf/ ;hLj ;nanfPsf 5g\ . pgsf sljtfdf ;'Gb/ ;fy{s snfsf/sf s'rL k|o'Qm 5g\ . pgsf g]kfn
efiffsf sljtfdf ;dfhsf] ;Kt/ËL t;jL/ cjt/0f x'g k'u]sf 5g\ . slj Jolyt slj g} /xL lgwg eP . t/ slj Jolyt sfJo
;fwgfsf cgGt ;fwssf ;fy} /fhgLlts cu|0fL klg lyP . pgsf g]kfn efiffsf sljtfx¿ To;}n]
/fhgLlts 5gs d'Qm /x]gg\ . sljtf hLjgs} 3ft k|lt3ftaf6 pb\ej x'g] efj ;r]tgfsf
snfsfl/tfk"0f{ zAbljGof; eP/ slj Jolyt o;lt/ ;zQm / ;fy{s ag] . :juL{o Jolytsf cg'kd sljtfdWo]
5\jf;MÚ sljtf
;ª\u|x cd/ ;+/rgf /x]sf 5g\ . dflg;, kl/jf/, ;dfh / /fi6« eGg' pgsf cfg} ;+:sf/ /
;+:s[lt cjZo x'g\ . tL ;a} afFR5g\ cfg} ;+:sf/, ;+:s[lt / ;fwgfdf . ;+:sf/ kfl/jfl/s
cf:yfdo Jojxf/df x's{G5 . To;}n] k|To]s kl/jf/ cfg} kl/j]zleqsf] Ps ;+:sf/
af]ls/x]sf x'G5g\ . Jolytsf slj ;+:sf/ o; p;n] kfl/jfl/s :g]x ntfsf 3]/fOaf6 d'Qm 5}gg\ jf
/xg ;s]gg\ . /fhgLlts ;+r]tgf / cfu|xel/sf s]bf/dfg /f0ffsfnLg h]n
hLjgsf s}bL ag] . k/Gt' h]nleq ´L slj lrQw/ Xbo / slj l;l4r/0f >]i7l;tsf] ;xjf;n]
s]bf/dfg slj Jolytdf kl/0ft x'g k'u] . /fhgLlt nf}x k'?if :juL{o u0f]zdfg l;+x klg ;fy;fy}
h]n h]ljgsf ;xofqL ePsf] sf/0f ;DejtM s]bf/dfg b'j} s]bf/dfg >]i7 slj Jolyt klg alg/x]
. pgsf s]bf/dfg >]i7 /fhg}lts nf}xk'?if u0f]zdfgsf l;+x l;tsf] Pp6f e'h / csf{ e'h
lrQw/
XboÚ clg l;l4r/0f >]i7 leqsf sljl;tsf] /of] . s]bf/dfg /fhgLlts dGqL
k'?if ag] . slj Jolyt sflJos Jof]dsf gB|fq ag] . ;+;f/nfO{ lrgfpg] JolQm, kl/jf/, s'n3/fgf cflbsf sf/s
tTj ;+:sf/ / ;+:s[lt g} x'g\ . JolQmsf
5\jf;MÚ sljtf ;ª\u|x Ps kB|f ag]sf 5g\
g]jf/ ;+:sf/ / ;+:s[ltsf .
5\jf;MÚ ;ª\u|xleq dfq ;fdflhs ;+:sf/sf] dof{bf af]w
vFlhPsf 5}gg\ . To;df /fhgLlts, cfly{s Pj+ /fHoJoj:yfd"ns ;+r]tgfx¿ klg vfFrfvfFr
vFlhPsf 5g\ . 5\jf;M :jod\ ;+:s[ltsf Pp6f ;an k|tLs xf] . hGdbfsf] gfle kmflng] :yfg /
dbf{sf] j:q kmflng] Pp6} pxL cv8f 5\jf;M ;+:sf/s} Ps kf6f] aG5 . hGd / d/0fsf] ;"rgf s]Gb| :yn ag]sf] 5\jf;M ;+:sf/
ca n'Kt k|foM e} ;s]sf] 5 . k/Gt', 5\jf;M ;+:sf/nfO{ hGd / d[To' ;+:sf/sf] kf6f] /x]sf]
tYok"0f{ efjfleJolQm slj Jolytn] xfdLnfO{ cª\u|]hL sljtf n]vg 9fFrfsf ;g]6 -5Gb_
z}nLdf cjt/0f u/]/ uPsf 5g\ . 5\jf;M :jod\nfO{ slj Jolyt hg u0fgfsf xflsd eGg k'U5g\ .
hGdbfsf] gfle sfl6P/ kmflnPsf] tYof° tTsfnLg ;+:sf/df s'zn]x¿n] ;°ng uy]{ . To;}u/L
dbf{sf] d[To' u0fgf pxL 5\jf;Mdf kmflnPsf] d[tssf] j:qsf cfwf/df ltg} s'zn]x¿n]
cfcfgf Onfsfaf6 ;°ng u/L 5]Fe8]n c8\8fdf a'´fpFy] . log} tYonfO{ slj Jolytn]
5\jf;M sljtfdf d'vl/t kf/] . o; b[li6df ;+:s[lt / ;+:sf/ lhpg] kf/fsf hLjGt wfFrf
aG5 . lhpg] kf/fsf hLjGt wfFrfnfO{ sflJos k/Dk/fdf ptf/]/ :juL{o Jolytn] cfgf g]kfn
efiffsf sljtfsf] :t/nfO{ ;fF:s[lts w/f]x/sf gd"gf g} agfP/ k|z:t kf/]y] . ;f+:s[lts
;+r]tgf / ;+:sf/nfO{ o;/L sfJo wf/fsf] dfld{s j:t' agfP/ pgn] g]kfn efiff hutsf sljtf
ljwfnfO{ pRrtfsf 6'Kkf];Dd p7fPsf lyP . 5\jf;Msf] cg"lbt s]xL kª\lQmM l´+uf eGs]sf] hfg e]uf]6 log} kª\lQmsf ;Gbe{df l;l4r/0f n]Vb5g\, æj:t'l:yltdf
gplgPsf sljtf ;dfhsf nflu sfdofj x'Gg . j:t'l:ylts} pTkfbg dflg; e}lbPsfn] JolQm
j:t'l:yltk|lt klg pQ/bfoL 5g\ . k|:t't Joj:yfsf] lj/f]w ;fy;fy} To;nfO{ k|efjf]Tkfbs 9Ën]
x:tB|f]k ug]{ ;°]t ePs}n] klg of]
5\jf;MÚ pQ]hgf / knfogjfb dfq} geP/ :j:y
dgf]j[lQsf] k|tLs klg aG5 . dflg;df /x]sf cd/tf / d'lQmsf Kof;sf :ki6Ls/0f g} ;+:s[lt,
;Eotf clg snf x'g\ .Æ g]kfnL / lxGbLdf klg ;zQm sljJolytsf dft[efiffk|ltsf
cfg} pTs07f 5g\ . Jolytsf af]Ng] :jefjnfO{ s]nfP/ ;"o{axfb'/ lkjfMh'n] Ps k6s
dl;t eGg' ePYof], æJolytn] 3/df s:t} slj snfsf/x¿ e]nf ePsf] avt klg cfgf 3/
kl/jf/l;t g]kfn efiff dfq af]n]sf] ;'G5' .Æ jf:tjdf lkjfM efh'sf] dgg ;j{yf ;To hFlrG5
klg . efjgfsf wgL sljx¿ Ps;'/] klg aG5g\ . @)!^ ;fn lt/sf]
36gf . JolythL eQmk'/ a:g' ePYof] . ltns k|sfz sfoi7 / /dfklt/fh zdf{ klg ;fy} ;'t]Yof}+ .
laxfg sf};Ldf d'v w'g hfg' ePsf] slj Jolyt lgs}a]/;Dd jn{g' ePg . s] eP5 eGb} pSn]+ d .
sljhL t sfnf] lgv'/ uGxfpg] af]sfsf] 6fpsf] ;'F£b} lyP . JolytbfO Û s] ub}{ x'g'x'G5Æ af]sfsf] uGw ;'3]sf] . 6L=jLsf sL/f t'xfpF5 af]sfsf]
uGwn] . P Û 7Ls} 5 . t/, af]sfsf] l;ª\sf] klg Vofn ug'{ knf{
Û nfdf 5g\ l;ª\ Û ;fFRr}, To;sf] Vofn} ePg 5 . Jolytl;t To;tfsf gubL wg sd} lyof] . sdnfbLsf] 3/
a]lr;Sg' ePYof] . d k'u]+ sdnf5L . 3/sf] Oltj[lQ ;'gfpg' ePYof] . 3/ a]r]sf] wg/flz Pshgf
7]s]bf/ ldqnfO{ ;fk6L lbg' ePsf] /x]5 . sfuh g ;fut To;} ljZjf;df lbg'ePsf] /x]5 . nfdf]
;dokl5 klg gkfpFbf Oltj[lQ ;'gfpg' ePsf] /x]5 . sfut 5 t < 5}g . n]gb]gsf] k|df0f t x'g'kg]{ Û ca s] ug]{ < e]6]/ ;Nnfx ug]{ lg Û oxfF 5}gg\ pgL . 6f9f 5g\ Û lqz"nLaf6f] agfPsf]
7fpF;Dd . cfiff9 >fj0flt/ . jiff{bsf] ofd . kxf8L af6f] . psfnf] j/fnL . lrKnf] af6f] .
hfg] s;/L . pkfo 5}g . /0fe'Nndf k/] Jolyt . s]xL ;dokl5 eGg yfNg'eof] . tkfO{+ / d hfpFls < km';{t 5 < x'G5 lg t, hfpFnf . lx+8\of}+ ef]lnkN6 . n'v'? n'v'? . h;nfO{ e]6\g' lyof]
e]l6of] . /flt Tot}lt/ jf; eof] . xl/of] ds} kf]n]sf] Sof dL7f] . lkF9L jf;
nfdv'§]n] efg'eQmnfO{ glbPsf] b'Mv Jolyt / dnfO{ lbof] . nfdf] lk+9L . Ps 5]p xfdL .
csf]{ 5]p 3/sL jof]j[4 cfOdfO{ . /flt JolytHo"sf] e'F8Ln] Joyf af]s] . ef]s\ ef]s\
TofUg' eof] afa' . c;o eP 5 a'9L cfdfnfO{ . . æs:tf cnlB|f0ff k8'jf
/x]5Æ a'9L cfdf a/a/fOg\ . lv6\lv6\ xfF;f] km'6\of] . ænfh gePsf k8'jf ÛÆ a'9L cfdf
km6\km6fOg\ . ef]lnkN6 af6f] ttfpFb} ubf{ slj Jolytn] cgfof; as
km'6fpg' eof], æ/fhfl;t 8/fpg' k/]g of] a'9Ll;t 8/fpg'k¥of] .Æ dw'd]x, /Qmrfk, b[li6 sdhf]/L cflb sf/0f /f]uu|it
cj:yfdf k'u]sf Jolyt sljsf lrq @)$* ;fnlt/ cvaf/df b]v]+ . af3h:tf] km'lt{nf] JolQmTjsf
Jolyt s°fn :j¿ksf] b]v]+ . @)$( ;fnsf] aiff{ofdlt/ . pgs} ;Ddfg vflt/ cfof]lht Ps slj
uf]i7Ldf e]6]+ . k'/fgf lbgsf ;D´gf . cf]sn]y]+ ;Ddfg . af]Ng] qmddf s]bf/dfg Jolytsf sljn] eg] æcl3 Pp6f
dflg;n] d]/f] ;/fxgf u/] .Æ æd t Pp6f dfG5] ag]5'Æ d}n] eg]+, kl5 . tkfO{+n] d]/f] k|z+;f ug'{ eof] lg t Û slj Jolytn] eg]
. slxn] slj s'6L, Hof7f, sf7df8f}+ . slxn] lgi7f5]F,
;"o{ljgfos dfu{eQmk'/, hfg] cfpg] qmd rNb} /of] . t/ cfsn ´'sn . g]kfn /fhsLo
k|1f k|lti7fgsf] zf}rfnosf] b'3{6gfkl5 klg rfxFbf rfxFb} ;Dej ePg, x'g ;s]g . d} klg slj
s'6L, Hof7f hfg ;lsg plQ ;f/f] . @)%% ;fn c;f/ @^ ut] . slj s'6L, Hof7f lgs} nfdf] ;do
;Dd s'/fsfgL . sljtf jfrg . b[li6 ;ToM ;[li6 ;'Gb/ . ;a}eGbf gf}nf] sljtf;ª\u|x slj
Jolytsf . o;/L :jx:tfB|f/df :g]xk"j{s lbg'eof] M efh' >Lt]h]Zj/Ho" oft s]bf/dfg Jolyt clGtd kfly{j b]xbz{g Û kz'klt cfo{3ft Û @)%) ;fn efb| % ut] . lgi7f5]F, ;"o{ljgfos dfu{,
l;kf8f]n !, eQmk'/sf] Sjf6L sfo{qmd ;flxlTos ;Ddfg ;Ëdsf]
>Job[Zof°g ;fj{hlgs ug{ eg] afFsL g} /x]sf] 5 hf] slj Jolyts} ;Ddfgdf ePsf]
lyof] . lgi7f5]F, ;"o{ljgfos dfu{, l;kf8f]n !
eQmk'/ . ;8s ;+;bdf ljho dNn vu]Gb| ;+u|f}nf To; lbg Pp6f ;dfrf/kqn] dnfO{ 5Sofof] . / d ljho
dNnnfO{ clGtd labfO ug{ k|1f ejgsf] 8anLdf hfg kfOgF . kqn] dNnsf] ef}lts cj;fg ePsf] va/
lb+b} n]Vof] clGtd >4f~hln / bfx;+:sf/ ef]ln x'g]5 . d}n] nv sf6]+ dNnsf
sf]xL cfkmGt ef]ln;Dd cfOk'Ug] af6f]df st} uPsf xf]nfg\, To;}n]
. ;dfrf/sdL{n]
cl3Nnf] lbg /ft l5lKkPkl5 xfO{ sf8\b} / cfFvf ldRb} dNnsf] cj;fgsf] ;dfrf/ n]Vof] xf]nf .
ef]s, ysfO, clg+bf]kg / nfkaf{xLsf] d'b|fdf p;n] e';'Ss} la:of]{ xf]nf s'g cfh xf],
s'g ef]ln xf] < To;}n] kq lg:sg] d]/f]
cfhÚ nfO{ p;n]
ef]lnÚ agfOlbof] . ;fF´kv xfd|f] ;8s;+;b h'6\of] . 6]a'n otflt/sf]
a]GrLdf d a;]sf] 5', ptflt/ ;+;bsf b'O{ ljwfos pdËsf ;fy aft dfl//xg'ePsf] 5
cfgGb/fd kf}8]n / wL/]Gb| sf]O/fnf . ljho dNn ca 5}gg\ / s'/f ljho dNns} eO/x]sf 5g\ .
k|1fejgsf] k|fË0fdf dNnsf] r]tz"Go z/L/ zfGt d'b|fdf ;'t]sf] 5 . clGtd k6s d'v
x]g{ / >4fsf;fy labf ug{ ToxfF dNnsf kf7sx¿sf] s'F8'nf] nfu]sf] 5 . n:s/df cfgf]
kfnf] cfPkl5 cfgGb/fd zf]sdGtJodf n]Vg'x'G5 Kof/f] ;|i6fnfO{ ;nfd Û / wL/]g
n]Vg'x'G5 g]kfnL ;flxTosf cys ;fws ljho dNn cd/ /xg'x'g]5 . ;8s ;+;bsf ljwfos
efOx¿n] dGtJo k'l:tsfdf n]v]sf Aoxf]/f ;'g]/ d dgdg} lkm:; xfF:5' . ;+;bdf c¿ tLghgf ljwfos ylkg' ef] uf]ljGb
jt{dfg, lzj clwsf/L / ljho g]kfn . xf] t lg, ;8s ;+;bdf . rfa]n rf]sdf ldq zDe'
rf}nfufO{+sf] ;8s5fk lrofk;n 5 . sfF8f pd|]sf] lr;f] lv/ / ;f]xLk/Lsf] t/sf/L, uhkn]
el;{Psf] lrof / c//f ;df];f / slxNo} af;L gx'g] af;L ld7fO{ lrofk;ndf l;l/v'/L
kfskl/sf/ olt g} 5g\ . gAa] ;fnsf] e'OFrfnf] 5n]/ agfOPsf] 9fFrf g 9Ësf] 3/sf] ;'?Ëh:tf]
e'OFtnf 5 . sTnf a;]sf] 6]a'n, w"nf] / w"jfFn] s'¿k kf/]sf leQf, dfly chËsf
lgbfn / blng, tn ;ft kq dfd|L k/]sf] e'O{+, lg;f;nfUbf] jftfj/0f xfd|f] afx|df;] ;8s
;+;bsf] ;efsB|f oxL xf] . ;efsB|fsf] kNnf] leQf]df ljqmd 6]Dkf]´}+ afx}+df; ss{z cfjfh
cf]sNg] :6f]e 5 . wgsf] b'Mvn] lrQ rfpl/Psf ;fx" zDe'hL 3l/3l/ ugug ug'{x'G5
;/, d]/f] o; wGbfn] ul/vfg] ePg . sf]7f ef8fsf] psfnL / a];fxfsf efpsf] pFef}nLsf] r]kdf
k/]/ d]/f] xf]6]nsf] x'lnof6fO6 ef] . 7Ls ToxL a]nf vfnL :6f]e ljqmd z}nLdf ulh{+b} b'Mlvof
zDe'sf] dxFuf] dl§t]n xhd ul//xG5 . xf], oxL xf] xfd|f] ;8s ;+;b . u|fxsx¿ cfO/xG5g\,
u|fxsx¿ uO/xG5g\ . ;Hhg / b'h{g, /fhgLltsdL{ / t:s/, k};fjfn / s°fn, hF8\ofxf / hf;';,
h°L / d08n], levf/L / hf]uL, n]vs / kqsf/, df:6/ / 8«fOe/ u|fxsx¿ cfO/xG5g\,
u|fxsx¿ uO/xG5g\ . ToxfF xb{d\ rxnkxn / sf]nfxn x'G5 . xf], ToxL sf]nfxndf´ ;fF´kv
lgTolg/Gt/ xfd|f] ;8s;+;b a:5 / ToxfF ukm rN5 . To; lbgsf] ;efdf s'/f d}n]
yfn]+ o; w/tLdf ljho dNnnfO{ ;z/L/ e]6\g] lbg ca uP . afFsL s]xL 5 eg] ca xfdL;Fu
pgsf] ;D´gf dfq 5 . xfdLdWo] s;s;n] ljho dNnsf] s] s] k9]sf] xf}+nf < / h] k9]sf 5f}+
To;sf] 5fk xfdLdf s] xf]nf / slt xf]nf < ;]/f]km]/f]df dfG5] t lbglbg} dl//x]s} 5g\ .
5fkfb]lv xfd|f] ;8s ;+;b;Dd cflv/ ljho dNns} rrf{ lsg < g ;efklt g k|d'v cltly, g caL/ g k'iku'R5f, g s'g}
atf;] snfkf/vL dGqL g s'g} b|Jok"hs k|f1;fbf gful/s jftfj/0fdf
;8s;+;bdf ljho dNnaf/] rrf{ z'¿ eof] . o;nfO{ ;'vb ;+of]u eg'F xfdLdWo]
kfFrhgfn] k9]sf] k':ts k/]5 sf]xL lsg aaf{b xf];\ < Tof] gf6s cfO=P= sf] g]kfnL
kf7\oqmddf lyof] . xfdLn] ToxL+ Tof] k9]5f}+ . t/ uf]ljGb jt{dfgsf] ljho dNn;Fusf] gftf
a]Un} 5 . afa' >Lw/ clwsf/L cfO=P= sf ljBfyL{, uf]ljGb jt{dfg aGg afFsL g} /x]sf 5f]/f
uf]ljGb clwsf/Lsf] pd]/ afx| jif{ afns uf]ljGbhLn] afx|} jif{sf] pd]/df sf]xL lsg
aaf{b xf];\ k9\g] ;'cf};/ kfpg' eP5 . k9\g' eP5, pd]/sf] uR5]cg';f/ gf6ssf] dd{ /fd|};Fu
a'g'eP5 / k9\b} hfFbf Xbo kUn]/ SjfFSjfF ?g'eP5 . afnssfn / o'jfsfndf b]v]sf ljnB|f0f b[Zo, ;'g]sf ;zQm
ljrf/ / k9]sf pTs[i6 /rgfsf] 5fk dgdf slt uf9f / lbuf] x'G5, cfg} cg'ejsf s];|f
s]nfpFb} xfdL rlst eof}+ . rlst klg / ub\ub\ klg . / ljho dNnk|lt s[t1 klg . cfdfsf]
ddtfaf6 jl~rt eO{ xtf; / lbzfxLg ePsf] c;xfo afnssf] p208 rLTsf/sf] Xboljbf/s syf sf]xL
lsg aaf{b xf];\sf] b'vb kf6f] xf] . To:tf] afnsnfO{ cfdfsf] ddtfsf Gofgf kv]6fn] 5f]k]/
dgf]j}1flgs ljlwn] ;kmn dfgl;s pkrf/ u/fpg' To;sf] ;'vb kf6f] xf] . ;"B|d / kl/is[t
snflzNksf dfWodn] s't"xn / ;+zosf] jftfj/0f l;h{gf u/L kf7sbz{snfO{
gf6ssf] uGtJolt/ ;xh 9Ën] 8f]¥ofpg ;Sg' gf6ssf/ dNnsf] ljlzi6 v'aL xf] . gf6sdf kfl08To
k|bz{g 5}g . pkb]zafhL / s[lqdtfsf] uGw cfpFb}g . To:tf] km'Rr] gf6sn] dfgjtfjfbsf] sqf]
;Gb]z hfb'u/L ;Ddf]xgsf ;fy slt ;xh / ;zQm 9Ën] ;~rf/ ul//x]5 sf]xL lsg aaf{b xf];\
< ljho dNnsf] ;D´gfdf >4fn] lz/ ´'sfpFb} xfd|f]
;8s;+;bn] ;j{;Ddt dGtJo hfx]/ u¥of] u'0fu|fxL ;dfhsf] :d[ltk|jfxdf
ljho dNn ;bf cfb/0fLo 5g\ . t;y{, zf]s dGtJodf wL/]ghLn] n]Vg'eP´}+ pgL cd/ 5g\ . c¿
s[ltx¿sf s'/} gu/f}+, lgd{dtf / bfgjtf, nf]e / lx+;f, å]if / bdgsf] rqmAo"xsf] s}bL
ePsf] xfd|f] hLjgdf ddtf / dfgjtf, pbf/tf / ;xof]u, s?0ff / ;xfg'e"ltsf] k|sfz 5g{
tlD;g] ljho dNn sf]xL lsg aaf{b xf];\sf] PSnf] k|efjn] klg xfd|f :d[ltdf w]/} lbg;Dd hLljt
/xg]5g\ . cfpg] cfO/x]5g\, hfg] uO/x]5g\ . /, ToxL eb|uf]n /
cTof;nfUbf] jftfj/0fdf xfd|f] ;8s;+;b rln/x]5 . uf]ljGb jt{dfg ljho dNnsf kf/vL /
>4fn' kf7s x'g'x'G5 . pxfFsf] k7g cg'ej ;'Gb} hfFbf yfxf eof] dNnsf ;a}h;f] s[lt
rf6\g pxfFn] Eofpg'ePsf] 5 . k7gdf kf/Ët, pd]/df tGg]/L, af]nLdf jfrfn / k|:t'ltdf
hfb'u/L;8s ;+;bsf] d"njQmf To;lbg pxfF g} x'g'eof] . d}n] aLraLrdf
w"k xfNg] / rrf{sf r]kx¿df st}st} km];f 7f]Sg] sfd dfq u/]+ . afFsL ;8s ljwfosx¿n]
aLraLrdf km'6s/ l6Kk0fL ub}{ WofgdUg d'b|fdf r'krfk ;'Gg'eof] . 5f]/LnfO{ dfglrq
k9fpg] lgx'F kf/]/ xfdLnfO{ ljZjsf] /Qm/l~ht Oltxf; / ljZj dfgjtfsf] kf7 k9fpg] ljho dNn,
k/Dk/f, wd{ / k'?ifsf qm"/ k}tfnfd'lg lslrPsL gf/Lsf] Joyf cg'/fwfsf d'vaf6 c/fhs
ljb|f]xLsf] :j/df xfdLnfO{ ;'gfpg] ljho dNn, n]lgg sljtf /r]/ xfdLnfO{ ;dfhjfbsf]
lB|flthlt/ x]g{ s'TSofpg] ljho dNn, OlGhlgo/sf] 6fpsf]sf] eb|uf]n / xl/lahf]s b]vfP/
lj1fgk|ljlwsf] cg'lrt k|of]usf] cTof;nfUbf] glthftkm{ xfdLnfO{ vabf{/L ug{vf]Hg]
ljho dNn;8s;+;bdf ;'Gb} / ;'gfpFb} hfFbf xfd|f cfFvf d'v]GhL dNnsf ;b\u'0f /
of]ubfgx¿sf] rfª nfUof] . dNn ?9 k/Dk/fsf] yf]qf] h'jfdf kfª\/] uf]?´}+ ykSs uw{g
yfKg] n]vs xf]Ogg\ . pgL t ljrf/ / lzNksf] gofFkgtkm{ ;w}+ dl/d]6\g], k|of]u / cleJolQmsf]
hf]lvd p7fpg cfF6 ug]{ Ho"Fbf n]vs x'g\ . ljho dNnaf/] xfd|f] ;8s;+;bn] u/]sf]
;j{;Ddt 7x/ oxL xf] . hgcfGbf]ngtfsf ljho dNn k|1f k|lti7fgsf pks'nklt lyP,
t;y{ pgL ;QfkB|fdf lyP . / xfdL hgcfGbf]ngdf h'6]/ k|ltkB|fdf 86]sf lyof}+ . xfdL
k|ltkB|fL n]vssnfsf/x¿ k~rfotL /fhdf cleJolQm :jtGqtfsf] xlaut k|tLsfTds ¿kn]
cf}+NofpFb} d'vdf sfnf] k§L afFw]/ lj/f]wdf 86]sf lyof}+ . ljho dNn k~rfotL k|1f
k|lti7fgsf] pRr kbdf cf;Lg lyP . pgL ;Qfwf/L, xfdL /}tL . kbLo lx;fan] pgL k~rfotsf]
kB|fdf, xfdL xfSsfxfSsL v'nf lj/f]wdf . d]/f ljrf/df ljho dNnsf] ;To / Gofo, k|ult /
dfgjtfjfbk|lt ;dlk{t hLjgsf] Tof] B|f0f rGb|dfsf] ´Lgf] bfuh:t} xf] . ljgd|tf;fy
lkt[x¿sf ;b\u'0fx¿af6 ctL{lzB|ff lng] xfd|f] ljgd| k/Dk/f ;gftg 5 . l;Ëf] ljho
dNn l;Ëf] rGb|df x'g\, rGb|dfsf] ´Lgf] bfu dfq sxfF x'g\ < xfd|f] ;8s ;+;bn] ljho dNnk|lt df}g wf/0f u/]g a? lbnsf
b}nf vf]n]/ pgsf ;b\u'0fx¿sf] rrf{ u¥of] . l;+xb/af/sf] ;/sf/L ;+;bn] ljho dNnk|lt df}g
wf/0f u¥of] cgGt df}g wf/0f Û slj Jolyt;Fu k/b]zsf cljid/0fLo B|f0f 8f= t'n;L e§/fO{ æk|f0fL d[To'df k|fKt x'Fb}g . s]jn cfsf/k|sf/ /
hLpdf kl/jt{g x'G5 . k|To]s dflg;leq k/dfTdfsf] jf; 5 . To;}sf/0f dfG5] cfkm', ;dfh,
/fi6« / cGo B|f]qdf sfd ug]{ k|]/0ff lnG5 . sd{ h:tf] 7"nf] k"hf s]xL 5}g . sd{
g} o1 xf] . To;}n] dflg;n] hLjgsfnel/ s]xL g s]xL ul//xg'k5{ .Æ sl/a 5 bzs nfdf] ;flxlTos ofqf kf/ u/]/ cef}lts
alg;s]sf jfª\dok|f0f, jl/i7 ;fws s]bf/dfg Jolytsf] g]kfnL ;flxTodf cu|0fL :yfg 5 .
/f0ffx¿sf] cTofrf/af6 b'Mlvt / kLl8t s]bf/dfgn]
>]i7Ú sf ;§f
JolytÚ
pkgfdnfO{ cd/ agfPsf 5g\ . o /f0ff zf;g x6fP/ k|hftGq / dfgjflwsf/ :yfkgf ug'{k5{
eGg] k|]/0ffn] h]n k/]sf /fhgLlts sfo{stf{ s]bf/dfg h]naf6 5'6\tf
slj Jolyt alg;s]sf
lyP . ;flxTo / /fhgLltnfO{ ;Fu;Fu} 8f]¥ofpg] JolytnfO{ ;flxTon] lhTof] . kl/df0ftM
/fhgLltnfO{ zf}rfno / ;flxTonfO{ ef]hgfnosf] pkdf lbg] slj Jolytsf] pb\uf/ 5 æd afFr]sf] 5' eg] ;flxTodf dfq 5' / kl5 klg
;flxTodf g} afFlr/xg]5' .Æ
;a"t dfG5]sf] d'6'nfO{ jfbsf] lkmtfn] gfKg
;Sb}g, ;a"t dfG5]sf] dl:tisnfO{ Joj:yfsf] t/fh'n] tf}ng
;Sb}g .Ú o g]kfn /fhsLo k|1f k|lti7fgsf] hg:t/Lo klxnf] s'nklt
JolythLn] @)#% df u[xdGqL h:tf] dxTjk"0f{ kb kfPsf lyP t/ JolythL )#^ sf]
c:sn
sf08Úaf6 cfkm" Hofb} Jolyt ePsf] / o;} 36gfaf6 /flhgfdf lbPsf] k|;Ë pNn]v ul//xGy]
. o; sf08n] cfgf] k|hftGq / dfgjflwsf/k|ltsf] efjgfnfO{ c´ tLa| agfPsf] pNn]v ug]{
slj Jolyt clGtd B|f0f;d cfgf n]vg / cleJolQmdf pQm efjgfk|lt c6n /x] . o;sf/0f sl/a
8]9 bh{g s[ltsf /rlotf Jolytsf /rgfx¿df ;fdflhs, /fhgLlts efj / /fi6«jflbtf el/Psf]
kfOG5 . o 5QL; ;fnkl5 ;fj{hlgs bfloTjsf] kb lng 5f]8]sf
s]bf/dfg Jolyt lxpFblxpFbdf t/fO{B|f]qlt/ s]xL ;do e|d0f ug]{ ub{y] . o; qmddf
ef/ttkm{ klg hfg] u/] . @)#*)$! sf tLgj6f lxpFbdf d}n] klg JolythL;Fu ;+ut ug]{ cj;/
kfPFy]+ . agf/;nfO{ d"n ynf] agfP/, k|ofu, nvgf},
k6gf cflb zx/x¿df ljleGg ;flxlTos sfo{qmddf ;xefuL cltly alg/xGy] slj Jolyt . JolythLnfO{ hgdt ;ª\u|x jif{df sf7df8f}+df Ps
b'O{kN6 e]6]sf] lyPF . ;fdLKo / 3lgi7tf eg] agf/;df dfq} eof] . )#( df3df agf/;uf]bf}lnofsf] Pp6f
u]i6xfp;df Jolyt a;]sf] yfxf kfP/ e]6\g uPF .
PstfÚ aL=kL= :d[lt ljz]iff° pkxf/
nu]sf] lyPF . cfj/0f / leqL kfgfsf kmf]6fx¿ x]b}{ aL=kL=sf]= u'0fufg u/] . )(&
;fnb]lv g} /fhgLltdf ;+nUg ePsf]÷h]n, lgjf{;g / ljleGg oftgf ef]u]sf s'/fx¿ uDeL/tf;fy
;'gfP . Jolytn] aL=kL=;Fusf] /fhgLlts ;xofqf / aL=kL=sf ljz]iftfsf] j0f{g u/] . sltko
gofFg;'g]sf 36gfx¿ klg ;'gfP . o JolytnfO{ ;flxlTos JolQmsf ¿kdf dfq k9]sf] / e]6]sf]
lyPF t/ pgsf] /fhgLlts kf6f] yfxf lyPg . pgsf] JolQmTjaf6 k|efljt ePF . jfs\z}nL cfsif{s
nfUof] . ef]lnkN6 klg k'u]+ . u]i6xfp; dxËf] ePsf] k|;Ë
p7]kl5 d]/f] s]xL ;Dks{df /x]sf]
u|Lg nhÚdf 8]/f ;f¥of}+ .
e§/fO{hL Û ca d]/f] ufO8 tkfO{+ . oxfF
a;'Gh]n xfdL k|f}9 bDktLsf] x]/ljrf/ ug]{ .Ú
>LdtL Hof]T:gfn] ef]ln cfpFbf
alxgLnfO{ klg lnP/ cfpg" .Ú cx|fPkl5 To;} u/]+ . d]/f] b}lgsL a9\of] . Ps
b'O{k6s d}n] pxfFx¿nfO{ cfgf] 8]/fdf klg k'¥ofPF . kfl/jfl/s ;DaGw ljsl;t eof] . d
sf7df8f}+ cfPkl5 JolythLsxfF e]6\g uPF . pgnfO{ d]/f] kl/l:ylt yfxf lyof] . ætkfO{+ sf+u|];L dfG5] . sfd kfpg d'l:sn 5 . d]/f]
xftdf s]xL 5}g . sf]l;; ug'{xf];\ . t/ sfd kfOG5 eGg] kTof/ 5}g . c;n dfG5]nfO{ sfd
lb+b}gg\ .Æ o JolythLn] eg]h:t} eof] . sfd kfOPg . kqklqsfdf n]Vg]
u/]+.
/fhwfgLÚ ;fKtflxssf] sfo{sf/L ;Dkfbs eP/ cfgf] u'hf/f rnfpg yfn]sf]
hfgsf/L lb+bf JolythLsf] egfO
of] w]/} ;do l6Sb}g . t} klg l7s} 5 .Ú cfh klg
sfgdf kl;/x]´}+ nfU5 . pgsf] eljiojf0fL ;fsf/ ePsf] lyof] . d]/f] kfl/jfl/s u'hf/fsf] lrGtf lnO/xg] JolythL
k|hftGq k'g:yf{kgfkl5 d}n] ljleGg cj;/ kfPsf]df lgs} k|;Gg ePsf lyP . lgwg xg'eGbf Ps
;ftfcl3 pgnfO{ e]6]sf] lyPF . æk|hftGq afFb/sf xftsf] gl/jn eof] . k|hftGqnfO{
ab\gfd u/] . k|hftGq /fd|f] Joj:yf xf] . ;a}eGbf /fd|f] /fhgLlts ljrf/ xf] . t/ o;sf]
;~rfng /fd|/L x'g ;s]g . d o;/L ynf k/]+ . Pp6f ;fs{:t/Lo ;flxTo ;Dd]ng
ug]{ OR5f lyof] . c´} gofFgofF ljifodf n]Vg] dg 5 . d c:tfpg nfu]sf] 3fd .
tkfO{+x¿ hNbf]aNbf] x'g'x'G5 . /fi6«sf nflu÷;dfhsf nflu s]xL ug'{xf];\ . tkfO{+n]
/fd|f] pGglt ub}{ x'g'x'G5 . d ;f/} v';L 5' . cfgf] nflu cfkm}+ ;ª\3if{ ug'{k5{ .
c¿ s;}n] ;3fpFb}g . tkfO{+sf] /fd|f] xf];\ . /fi6«sf nflu s]xL ug{ ;Sg'xf];\ .Æ o 5 km'6 cUnf, uf]/f, cfsif{s JolQmTj, uDeL/ jf0fL;Fu}
xFl;nf] d'xf/ . sl/a b'O{ bzs cl3af6 ;Dks{;DaGw ePsf] .
/ To; clGtd e]6df
?U0f, dlng / b'a{ne]6]y]+ . g/dfOnf] cg'ej af]s]/ kmls{Py]+ . km]l/ ;fB|fTsf/ x'g
;s]g . o JolythLsf] :d[lt k|;Ëdf s]xL B|f0f ef/tLo
e"efuleqsf] ;Gbe{ hf]8\b}5' . of] klg pgsf JolQmTjsf] d'Vo kf6f] xf] . o lxGbL ;flxTo ;Dd]ng k|ofun] To;a]nf JolythLsf]
clegGbg u/]Yof] . To;}u/L k6gfdf clegGbg eof] . sfzL gu/L, k|rfl/0fL ;+3÷sfzL lxGb"
ljZjljBfnoLo g]kfnL ljefu / lxGbL ljefu÷;+:s[t ljZjljBfnosf] efiff lj1fg ljefu / n]vs ;+3
agf/;åf/f JolythLsf] clegGbg ul/Psf] lyof] . ;+of]un] oL sfo{qmddf d klg pgsf ;fydf /xg]
u/]sf] lyPF . g]kfnL ;flxTosf/ lxGbL hut\df ;d]t TolQs} k|Voft
/ ;DdfGo x'g]df ljlzi7 :yfg Jolytsf] dfq xf]nf eGg ;lsG5 . o g]kfnsf dxfslj÷g]kfnsf c1]o÷kGt÷k|;fb÷lg/fnf /
o:t} w]/} ljz]if0f hf]8\g] uy]{To; B|f]qsf ;flxTosf/x¿n] . æhGd g]kfndf eP klg JolythL xfd|f slj x'g\ .
xfd|f dfu{bz{s x'g\ . xfd|f] lxGbL ;flxlTos B|f]qnfO{ klg ;'dfu{ b]vfOlbg'k5{ . tkfO{+
clåtLo x'g'x'G5 . tkfO{+ ot}sf] e"lddf k}bf x'g'kYof]{ . stfaf6 pl5l§P/ g]kfn
k'Ug'eP5 .Æ JolythLsf] pQ/ x'g]ub{Yof]
æx]g'{xf];\;flxTosf/, snfsf/x¿sf] s'g} ;Ldf x'Fb}g . s'g} e"uf]n x'Fb}g
. Jof;, sflnbf;, /jLGb|gfyx¿ tkfO{+sf dfq xf]Ogg\ . ;f/f ljZjdf plQs} ;Ddflgt 5g\ .
z]S;kLo/sf] s'g} /fi6« 5}g . /fi6«sf], e"uf]nsf] ;Ldf ;fdfGosf nflu dfq xf] .Æ
nfUbYof] Jolytsf cufl8 s;}sf] cl:tTj 5}g . ;efnfO{ 9fs]sf x'Gy] . o
Jolytsf df´sfzLsf] Pp6f
;fF´ÚzLif{s lbP/ Pp6f eJo sfo{qmd ePsf] lyof] @)$) kmfu'glt/ . agf/;sf]
Pp6f ;flxlTos ;+:yfn] u/]sf] . rlr{t n]vs, kqsf/, k|fWofksx¿sf] e]nf lyof] . ;+Vof #) hlt
. a]n'sL rf/ah]b]lv ( ah];Dd . vfhfvfgf ;a} ToxL+ . ;a} slj÷;a} >f]tf÷;a} /l;s . ;flxTosf
af/]df Jolytaf6 cf]h:jL efif0f eof] . 8f= ;Toj|t d'Vo ;dfnf]rs lyP . pgn] JolythLnfO{
qmflGtbzL{, o'uwdL{ sljsf] ;+1f lbP . sl/a aL; hgfn] sljtf ;'gfPsf] pQm sfo{qmdsf] cGTodf
;a}n] Ps :j/df Pp6} s'/f] bf]xf]¥ofPy] æjt{dfg ef/tdf klg tkfO{+h:tf] 7"nf] slj
sf]xL 5}g . ef/tLo ;flxTo hut\ olta]nf g]t[TjxLg bf}l8/x]sf] 5 . plrt kyk|bz{g 5}g .
g]kfnn] t tkfO{+h:tf dxfg\ ;fws / kyk|bz{s kfPsf] 5 .Æ o /ftL bz ah]lt/ slj JolytnfO{ u|Lg nh -af;:yfg_
k'¥ofP/ d cfgf] af;lt/ nfu]y]+ . kl;{kN6sf] cfh, ufl08j / hg;Qfh:tf klqsfx¿df
kmf]6f] ;lxt sfo{qmdsf] ljj/0f 5flkPsf] lyof] . æe§/fO{hL Û ef/tLox¿n] ;f/} 7"nf] ;Ddfg lbP
o;k6s . of] ;Ddfg d}n] dfq kfPsf] xf]Og ;Dk"0f{ g]kfnLn] kfPsf] xf] . of] s;/L
eGg'xf]nf . ;Ddfg kfpg] d . o;sf] >]o ;f/f g]kfnLsf] eGbf cgf}7f] nfUnf . o;f] xf]Og . cfgf] d'n'saf6 csf]{ /fi6«df hfg] k|To]s JolQmn]
cfkm"nfO{ l;+uf] /fi6«s} k|ltlglw eG7fGg'kb{5 . k|To]s JolQmn] csf]{ d'n'sdf hfFbf
cfkm"nfO{ cj}tlgs /fhb"t dfGg'k5{ . af]Nbf, Jojxf/ ubf{ cfgf] /fi6«sf]
uf}/jnfO{ dl:tisdf /fVg'k5{ . Pshgfsf] uNtLn] ;Dk"0f{ /fi6« abgfd x'G5 .
oL
klqsfx¿df 5flkPsf kmf]6f / d]/f af/]sf rrf{x¿n] s]jn s]bf/dfg dfq ;Ddflgt ePsf] 5}g ;a}
g]kfndfgsf] uf}/j a9]sf] 5 .Æ dGqd'Uw eP/ JolythLsf cy{k"0f{ / dggLo
ljrf/ ;'Gg] uy]{ . k|foM o;k|sf/sf rrf{ eO/xGy] . o Pslbg JolythL / d bzfZjd]w 3f6lt/ hfFb}lyof}+ .
JolythL /fli6«o kf]zfsdf lyP . cfg} w'gdf ukm ub}{ a9\b}lyof}+ . xfdL ljZjgfy
uNnLsf] df]8 gf3]/ s]xL k/ k'u]kl5 xfd|f af/]sf rrf{ ;'Gof}+ æP Û x]/ t axfb'/ hfFb}5 .
axfb'/ xf]Og
xf]nf Û lsg gx'g] < g]kfnL 6f]kL 5 . cs}{ cfsf/ k|sf/sf] n'uf klx/g 5 .
t/
dfG5]sf] cg'xf/ eg] axfb'/ h:tf] 5}g .
of] axfb'/ g} xf] t/ 7"nf] vfnsf]
axfb'/ xf] . vfgbfgL wgL axfb'/ xf] .Æ JolythL / d of] ;+jfb ;'g]/ xfF:b} 3f6lt/
nfUof}+ . 8]/fdf kmls{Pkl5 pQm k|;Ëaf/] rrf{ eof] . æof] l6Kk0fL xfdLk|ltsf] ;f]r xf] . xfd|f]
/fi6«k|ltsf] wf/0ff xf] . xfd|f] ;fdflhs cj:yfsf] k|ltljDa xf] . xfd|f bfh'efOx¿ cfpF5g\
. b/jfg / rf}sLbf/ aG5g\ . 3/]n' gf]s/ a:5g\ . xf]6ndf efF8f df´]/ u'hf/f u5{g\ .
logLx¿n] o:t} axfb'/ b]v]sf 5g\ . cfkdflgt, ckx]lnt / nfrf/ . t/ dnfO{ b]v] /fd|f
n'uf nufPsf]÷vfOnfUbf] . clg
7"nf] axfb'/Ú eg] . logLx¿nfO{ s] bf]if . bf]if t xfd|f] 5 . xfd|f] Joj:yfsf] 5 . xfd|f]
sdhf]/Lsf] 5 . /fHon] cfgf gful/snfO{ /f]uhf/L lbg g;Sg' . ef]s, /f]u / clzB|ffaf6
d'Qm u/fpg g;Sg'sf] bf]if xf] . ljr/fx¿n] otf -ef/t_ cfP/ lt/:s[t axfb'/ aGg'k/]sf] 5 .
d}n] tkfO{+n] / s]xL k|ltztn] /fd|f] vfP//fd|f] nfP/ s] x'G5 < w]/} b'Mv
nfUbf] / kL8fhgs cj:yf 5xfdLx¿sf] . PSsfO;f}+ ztfAbLsf] ;+3f/df k'u]/ klg k]6 kNg
g;s]/ ljb]lzg'k/]sf] 5 / g]kfnLx¿n] ef/tsf ljleGg e"efudf ckdfghgs axfb'/
aGg'k/]sf] 5 . o To; lbg yfxf kfPF JolythLsf] cGtJo{yf . g]kfnL
/fi6« / hgtf / ;dfhk|ltsf] lrGtf . k|hftGqk|ltsf] cf:yf . dfgj clwsf/ k|ltsf] cjwf/0ff .
sljhL;Fu c¿ klg w]/} s'/f eP . To; B|f0f pgsf] uDeL/tf / lrGtfn] dnfO{ klg uDeL/ kf/]Yof]
. æP e§/fO{ Û g]kfnLx¿ otflt/ cfP/ hlts} b'Mv
kfP/ si6 ef]u]/ a;] klg axfb'/ sxlnPsf 5g\ . s;f]
. P 7"nL axfb'/gL Û lrof
vfpF ca . >LdtL Hof]T:gfk|lt OlËt ub}{ JoQm ePsf] JolythLsf] Tof] Joyfk"0f{
xfF;f] cfh klg tfh} 5 . JolythL;Fu hlxn] klg e]6 x'Fbf / cGo JolQmx¿;Fusf] rrf{df
klg of] axfb'/ k|;Ë kl5;Dd rrf{ eO/xGYof] . o ToxLa]nf agf/;sf] hoef/t k|];df Jolytsf] lxGbL sljtf
;ª\u\x
qoLÚ 5flkof] . tLgj6f sljtf ;ª\u|xx¿xdf/f b]z xdf/f :jKg, clUg
>[Ëf/ / lxdfgLtLgj6f s[ltsf] ;+o'Qm ¿kqoL . o;sf] ;+of]hg / k|'km
;+zf]wgsf] sfd d}n] u/]sf] lyPF . æpHofnf] r'lxFb}5, cfsfzsf] km"n t lgs}
lgrf]/]5f}+ . u'nfkmsf] km"n t sfF8fdf klg xfFl;/xG5 . ;j{k|yd xfdLx¿ ;a} g]kfnL xf}+, To;kl5 dfq af}4 xf}, lxGb" xf}, O:nfd xf}+ .Æ o /fli6«otfsf] k|v/ kB|fw/ JolythL;Fusf] agf/;sf :d[lt
k|;Ëx¿dWo] æcsf]{ /fi6«df hfg] k|To]s JolQm cj}tlgs /fhb"t x'g'k5{Æ eGg]
k|;Ë / æ7"nf] axfb'/Æ k|;Ë d]/flglDt ;bf clj:d/0fLo /xg] 5g\ . |
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