Madhuparka 5 (Nepal)

rLgdf Pp6f klg dfUg] b]lvPg
cfsfz] ofqf–hLjgsf] hfqf

8f= /fdbofn /fs]z

k"FhLjfbL b]z ;+o'Qm/fHo cd]l/sfsf] e|d0f, ul/;s]kl5 ;fDojfbL b]z rLgsf] e|d0f ug]{ d]/f] cfGtl/s clenfiff lyof] . k|l;4 n]vs kn{ P; jssf] …u'8 cy{Ú / pkGof;sf/ e/t h+udsf] …/ftf] 3fdÚ k9]kl5 rLg e|d0f ug]{ d]/f] pTs6 OR5f ´g\ tLj| x'Fb} uof] . t/ rfFhf]kfFhf] s;/L ldnfpg] dnfO{ yfxf lyPg . d]/f] ;kgfsf] zx/ rLgsf] /fhwfgL a]Olhª hfg] PSsfl; df}sf ldNof] . x'g t % lbgsf] 5f]6f] sfo{qmd lyof] t/ klg dnfO{ cf}lw dgk/]sf] zx/ a]Olhª x]g]{ /x/nfO{ yfDg ;lsg . o'g]:sf] a]Olhªsf] d}qLk"0f{ lgdGq0ff k|fKt ePkl5 d cf}lw v'zL lyPF . lgdGq0ff k|fKt x'gf;fy d}n] cfkm\gf] ;xdlt k7fOlbPF . To;sf] ef]lnkN6 g} cnkfOg 6«feN;dfkm{t\ d}n] sf7df8f}+– a]Olhª–sf7df8f}+sf] xjfO{ l6s6 k|fKt u/]F . k|j]zf1f klg lrlgofF b"tfjf;åf/f ;lhnf]l;t kfPF . cyf{t\ lgMz'Ns k|j]zf1f . ´g\ d]/f] pT;fx / pd+u a9\b} uof] . o'g]:sf] sf7df8f}+n] oftfoft / af6f] vr{ klg v'nf lbnn] lbof] . uf]i7Lsf] ljifo lyof] …Ogf]e]l6e Pk|f]r]h 6' kmª\zgn ln6/]zL km/ kf]k6L{ Plnd]zg .Ú ljifo klg slt ;fGble{s / ;d;fdlos lyof] o;df ef/t, a+unfb]z, OG8f]g]lzof, g]kfn / d+uf]lnofsf k|ltlglwx¿nfO{ af]nfOPsf] lyof] .

uf]i7Lsf] sfo{qmdcg';f/ d] # h'nfO{ !((( sf] lbpF;f] yfO{ Po/j]hsf] p8fgaf6 sf7df8f}+af6 a]Olhª k|:yfg ug{sf] nflu ;Dk"0f{ tof/L u/]/ lqe'jg cGt/f{li6«o ljdfg :yndf k'u]F . zlgjf/sf] lbg lyof] . lxGb' k/Dk/fcg';f/ zlgjf/ k"j{ lbzfdf ofqf ug'{ lgif]lwt ul/Psf] 5 t/ of] ;a d]/f] xftsf] s'/f] lyPg . cGwljZjf;sf] sf/0fn] ubf{ dgdf z°f–pkz°f p7\g yfNof] . cflv/ a}°s k'u]kl5 of] cGwljZjf;n] cfkm\gf] kl/0ffd k|dfl0ft u/]/ g} 5f8\of] . cyf{t\ d]/f] xf]6n a}°s cGt{/fli6«o ljdfg:yndf cjl:yt …n'O;Ú lyof] t/ e|djz d …cfdf]/LÚ xf]6ndf k'u]+ hxfF d]/f] l/he]{zg g} lyPg . ca cWofudgsf] kl/lw gf3]/ d aflx/ uO;s]sf] lyPF . ptfaf6 dnfO{ cfpg lbPg . cfdf]/L xf]6n klg slt dxFuf] Ps /fltsf] (@ cd]l/sL 8n/ . aflx/kl§sf] 6«flGh6 nhdf /ftel/ a:bf d]/f] ;Dk"0f{ cf+ug} lr;f] x'g] l:yltsf] ;[hgf x'ghfg] 8/n] dflysf] /]:qfFdf zfsfxf/L ;"k lkP/ /ftel/ a:g'k¥of] . ef]lnkN6 laxfg pN6} !$ cd]l/sL 8n/ Po/kf]6{ 6\ofS; ltg'{ k¥of] . o:tf] d'v{ slxn] klg ag]sf] lyPg . a]Olhª hfg] ;'/df dnfO{ of] cfly{s ;hfoFsf] cg'e"lt g} ePg .

ef]lnkN6 /ftel/sf] ysfO / clGb|fsf] cGTo x'g uof] ha d yfO{ Po/j]hsf] a]Olhª p8fgsf] nflu tDtof/ ePsf] ljdfgdf a;]+ . yfO{ Po/j]hsf xjfO{ kl/rfl/sfx¿sf] dGb–dGb d':sfgsf] ;fy;fy} :jfut–;Tsf/, xf;–kl/xf; / clejfbg d'ifsf] cg'ej clj:d/0fLo x'g uof] . s]xL xjfO{ kl/rfl/sfx¿ olt b'Anf–kftnf lyP ls dfgf}+ logsf] sd/ g} 5}g t/ slt r':t / b'?:t . h'g k]o / vfB j:t'sf] dfu ug'{;\ t'/Gt xflh/ . logLx¿ olt :jfut–;Tsf/ ubf{ub}{ p8fgsf] cjlwel/df sDtLdf b'O{rf]l6 cf–cfkm\gf] kl/wfg klg km]l/xfNbf /x]5g\ . uhasf] :km"lt{ logLx¿sf] lghL ljz]iftf dnfO{ Pp6f lxGbLsf] ;"lQm ofb cfof] logLx¿nfO{ b]v]/ …dfgf] ;gd sL sd/ xL gxL+Ú cyf{t\ afx'nL sd/ .

dgdg} sNkgf ubf{ub}{ xfd|f] ljdfg a]Olhªsf] cGt/f{li6«o ljdfg:yndf cjt/0f ubf{ dnfO{ cfgGbflt/]s eof] . d]/f] ;kgf ljkgfdf kl/0ft eof] . dnfO{ ;fx|} v'zL nfUof] . ;fdfg lnP/ aflx/ cfpFbf dnfO{ lng a]Olhª o'g]:sf]sf] Pp6f sd{rf/L zLt–tfk lgolGqt afxg lnP/ d]/f] k|tLIff ul//fv]sf] lyof] . p;sf] xftdf d]/f] gfpFsf] Pp6f ;"rgf lyof] . dnfO{ uf8L;Dd Nofpg d]/f] dfn–;fdfg ;d]tnfO{ a8f] ;fjwfgLk"j{s cfkm\gf] uf8Ldf /fVof] . clncln udL{ lyof] t/ zLt–tfk–lgolGqt uf8Ldf a:bf d]/f] zf/Ll/s qmflGt x6]/ uof] . af6f] el/ ;8ssf] b'j} 5]pdf xl/of] k|fs[lts b[ZofjnL x]/]kl5 t dg ;fx|} k|km'Nn eof] . km/flsnf] ;8s . :jR5 / ;kmf ;8sdf cf/fdk|b ;jf/L ;fwg . s'zn rfns . rf/}lt/ xl/of] el/sf] b[ZofjnL . oxfF;Dd ls af6fdf g} km"nsf] au}+rf . ca cd/fjtLsf] sNkgf s] c;Dej lyof] < af6f]df ;jf/L s/ c;"n ug{sf nflu dfgj ;Grflnt ;jf/L åf/ . cd]l/sfdf of] ;jf/Låf/ :jtM rflnt x'G5 . w]/}h;f] oxfF lrlgofF o'jtLx¿ g} sfo{/t /x]5g\ . jLr af6f]df cfpFbf ljzfn rf}/ b]v]F . d}n] ;xh} cg'dfg u/]F of] P]ltxfl;s Tofgd]g :Sjfo/ xf] eg]/ ;jf/L rfnsn] :jLs[ltdf 6fpsf] xNnfof] . cGTodf ;jf/L rfnsn] a]Olhªsf] dWoefudf cjl:yt xf]6n ldGh'df k'¥ofP/ pm cfkm\gf] 3/ uof] .

ldGh'sf] cy{ lrlgofF efiffdf ldt]/L x'Fbf]/x]5 . of] rf/ tf/] xf]6n ;a} cfw'lgs ;'ljwf;DkGg 5 . xf]6nsf] a]/fn] d]/f] dfn–;fdfg lnP/ d]/f] lgot / lgwf{l/t sf]7fdf k'¥ofpFb} . dnfO{ sf]7fsf] jQLsf] Joj:yf / 6L=eL= ;~rfngsf] sfObf ;d]t ;a} cfjZos hfgsf/L lbG5 . Ps l5g cf/fd u/]kl5 a]n'sLkv d aflx/ 3'Dg lgl:sG5' . ca jftfj/0f cln zLtn / zfGt klg eO;s]sf] 5 . ;8sdf oftfoftsf] cfjt–hfjt oyfjt Pj+ k"j{jt 5 t/ cfjfh k6Ss} 5}g . w"nf] / w"jfFsf] gfdf]lg;fg klg 5}g . a]Olhªdf u|]6jfnsf] cjl:yltn] ubf{ oxfF xf]6n / 7"nf–7"nf ejgsf] cfkm\gf] kvf{n 5}g ls h:tf] nfUof] . ;a} xf]6n / cUnfcUnf ejgsf] cufl8 km"nsf] au}+rf x]g{ nfossf] 5 . s]xL lrlgofF sfdbf/x¿ sldh km'sfn]/ ysfO dfl//x]sf 5g\ eg] s]xL o'unhf]8L cfkm\gf] w"gdf d:t;Fu lx+l8/x]sf] 5 . a+unfb]zsf] /fhwfgL 9fsfdf l/S;f / rLgsf] /fhwfgL a]Olhªdf ;fOsnsf] a]/f]s6f]s rfng ljZjel/ g} rrf{sf] ljifo aGg k'u]sf] 5 . a]Olhªdf dfq ^) nfv ;fOsn 5g\ c/] . k"jL{ o'/f]ksf afu–au}+rfdfly lrlgofF afu au}+rfsf] k|efj k|i6 ¿kdf k/]sf] b]lvof] . rLgdf #@, xhf/ lsl;dsf ljleGg k|sf/sf lj?jfx¿ kfObf /x]5g\ . o;nfO{ ljZjel/sf] au}+rfsf] hggL eg] klg x'g]/x]5 . oxfFsf] xl/tpBfg x]/]kl5 of] s'/f] :jtM ;fljt x'G5 .

a]Olhªsf] jf:tljs cg'xf/ x]g{sf nflu d ljxfg a]n'sf b'j} ;dodf sl/a–sl/a Ps 306f 3'Dg] lg0f{o u/]/ /fltsf] lrlgoFf vfgf vfP/ cfkm\gf]] sf]7fdf lj>fd ug{ uPF . s]xLa]/;Dd l;=Pg=Pg=sf] ;dfrf/ ;'g]kl5 d:t;Fu lgbfPF . ef/t–kfs v6k6 rln/fv]sf] lyof] . sf];f]ef]sf] l:ylt klg ulDe/ g} lyof] . xfd|f] b]z g]kfnsf] af/]df s'g} ;dfrf/ lyPg . ef]lnkN6 a]Olhªaf6 k|sflzt …rfOgf 8]nLdfÚ lqe'jg cGt/f{li6«o ljdfg:yn glhs eidf;'/ 8fF8fdf n'kmyfG;f Po/sf] sfuf]{ljdfg b'3{6gf ePsf] ;dfrf/ k9\g kfPF . o:t} o:t} 36gf–b'3{6gf ePsf] v08df g]kfnsf] va/ k9\g kfOG5, cGoyf ljb]zdf hfFbf g]kfnsf] …gÚ klg g k9\g kfOG5 g ;'Gg kfOG5 . oxfF;Dd ls l;=Pg=Pg=n] Plzofsf] k|To]s b]zsf] /fhwfgLsf] df};d ljj/0f k|:t't ub{5 t/ sf7df8f}+sf] df};d ljj/0f ToxfF x'Fb}g . ;~rf/ k|ljlwsf] ljsf; cfZro{hgs ¿kdf eP klg ;';"lrt x'g] clwsf/af6 xfdL al~rt 5f}+ .

ef]lnkN6 Psflaxfg} e|d0fdf lgl:sG5' . cfFvfsf] rf/}lt/ cfsfz r'DaL c§flnsfx¿ cfkm\gf] eLdsfo ¿kdf plePsf 5g\ . dfG5]x¿ vf; u/]/ sfdbf/x¿ laxfgsf] vfhf vfFb} lx+l8/x]sf x'G5g\ . logLx¿nfO{ xtf/ 5 cfkm\gf] sfddf hfgsf nflu . s]xL a[4 bDktLx¿ zf/Ll/s Jofofddf Jo:t 5g\ . s]xL dflg;x¿ kfs{;g Knfhfdf a;]/ laxfgsf] tfhf va/ k9\gdf d:t 5g\ . dfnLx¿ au}+rfdf kfgLsf] kmf]xf]/f k|bfg ul//x]sf 5g\ . cfjfudgsf] ;fwg km/flsnf] ;8sdf u'l8/x]sf 5g\ . aRrfx¿ ´f]nf le/]/ cfkm\gf] ljBfnolt/ nlDs/x]sf 5g\ . s]6Lx¿ vf; u/]/ t?0fL s]6Lx¿ km"lt{;fy cfkm\gf sfof{nox¿lt/ l56f]–l56f] k'Ug] k|ltof]lutfdf 5g\ h:tf] nfUb5 . logLx¿sf] cfw'lgs kl/wfg x]/]kl5 sfd ug]{ km"lt{nf] hf]z / hfFu/ x]/]kl5 rLgsf] ;jf{+uL0f ljsf;sf] Pp6f ;fy{s ;°]t :ki6 x'G5 . s;}sf] cg'xf/df lrGtfsf] /]vf b]lvb}g . ;a} cf–cfkm\gf] sfddf Jo:t / d:t b]lvG5g\ . d}n] a]Olhªsf] km'6kfydf s;}nfO{ ;'t]sf] b]lv+g\ . s'g} levf/L klg e]l6Pg . ;dfrf/ kq ljqm]tfx¿ ;dfrf/sf] ;fy;fy} l;u/]6–;'kf/L–;nfO{ a]Rgdf ;lqmo 5g\ . k}bn ofqLx¿sf] nflu k|z:t rf}8f km'6kfy 5 . k}bn lx8\g]x¿sf] nfjfn:s/ x]g{ nfossf] 5 . ;fOsn rfnsx¿sf] nfda4 n:s/ 5 . dfly–dfly xl/of ?vx¿sf] zLtn 5fofFn] ubf{ lr;f] xfjf alx/x]sf] 5 . Toqf ?vx¿ afuau}+rfx¿ eP klg r/fr'?+uLx¿sf] lr/lj/ ;'lgGg . dnfO{ of] cgf}7f] / cfZro{ nfUg] s'/f h:tf] nfUb5 . r/fx¿ gePsf]n] ;8s / km'6kfydf kmf]xf]/sf] bfu–;fu klg b]lvGg . a]Olhªdf Wjlg k|b"if0f lgolGqt ul/Psf] /x]5 . k|fs[lts k|b"if0f klg ;Lldt dfqfdf 5 t/ a]OlhªnfO{ tftf] kfg{sf] nflu s]Gb|Lo tfk k|0ffnLnfO{ ;'rf?¿kn] ;~rflnt ug{sf nflu sf]Onfsf] k|of]u ul/Psf]n] oxfFsf] cfsfzdf klg 3'ldn 5fofF b]lvG5 / Pp6f gofF lsl;dsf] k|b"if0fsf] ;d:of k}bf ePsf] 5 . a]Olhªsf] hf8f] / udL{ b'j} ;+;f/df k|l;4 5 . t;y{ o;nfO{ zLt–tfk lgoGq0fsf] v'a} vfFrf] kbf]{/x]5 .

clxn] a]Olhª a]/f]huf/Lsf] ;d:ofaf6 klg u|:t x'g k'u]sf] 5 . ;f¶L ;Q/L nfv a]sf/ dflg;x¿ a]Olhªdf cfOk'u]sf 5g\ . logLx¿nfO{ sn–sf/vfgfdf sfdbf/x¿sf] ;ª\Vof cfjZostfeGbf a9L ePsf]n] clxn] lgsflnPsf] 5 t/ a]/f]huf/L eQf lbOPsf] 5 . o;afx]s klg logLx¿ a]Olhª zx/df ;–;fgf sfd klg ul//x]sf 5g\ . 3/–3/df t/sf/L a]Rg], ;8s ;kmf ug]{, ;dfrf/kq a]Rg]b]lv lnP/ cGo sfd klg ul//x]sf 5g\ . a]Olhªdf ;a} lrhx¿sf] ;'ljwf 5 . rLgdf cGo efux¿af6 ;a} cfjZos s'/f] oxfF k'¥ofOg] Joj:yf ul/Psf] /x]5 . kmnkm"n, ;fu–;AhL / cGo vfBkbfy{ ;lhnf]l;t kfOG5 t/ bfd rflxF dxFuf] 5 . a]Olhªn] PSsfO;f}+ ztfAbLsf] cfjZostfnfO{ kl/k"lt{ ug{sf] nflu j/bfg:j¿k ;a}yf]s kfPsf] cfefif x'G5 .

of] jif{ klg #) nfv dflg;x¿n] cfkm\gf] sfhaf6 cjsfz kfpg] 5g\ . (%8 dflg; -sfdbf/x¿_n] /f]huf/ s]Gb|df cfkm\gf] gfpF n]vfPsf 5g\ eg] ($8 sfdbf/x¿ a]/f]huf/L eQf vfG5g\ .

xfd|f] uf]i7Lsf] sfo{qmd ( ah]b]lv z'? x'GYof] / a]n'sf % ah];Dd rNblyof] . /flt xfdLx¿ /flqef]hsfnflu s'g} g s'g} k|l;4 xf]6ndf hfg] ub{Yof}+ . slxn] o'g]:sf] a]Olhªsf] cfltYodf t slxn] g]zgn sldzg km/ o'g]:sf] a]Olhªsf] ;f}hGo tyf cfltYodf . Pp6f a]Olhªsf] ;a}eGbf k|l;4 /]:qfFdf xfF;sf] df;' vfgsf] nflu xfdL lgdlGqt lyof}+ . hxfF b'O{ xhf/ dflg;x¿ Ps}rf]l6 a;]/ vfg ;S5g\ . csf]{ /flt yfO{ /]:qfFfdf lgdlGqt lyof}+ hxfF rLgdf a;f]af; u/]sf yfOx¿ cfkm\gf] k/Dk/fut z}nLdf ef]hg / dgf]/~hgsf] /fd|f] k|aGw u/]/ xfdLnfO{ rlst t'NofPsf lyP . ;j{k|yd xfdLx¿ d"n 9f]sfdf k|j]z ubf{ /ftf] wfuf] xfd|f] xftdf afFw]/ :jfut ul/of] . To;kl5 ;f+:s[lts sfo{qmdsf] ;fy;fy} yfO{ ef]hgsf] :jfb rfVg kfOof] . hLljt ;k{nfO{ u|fxsx¿sf] cg'/f]wdf ToxL+ cfFvf cufl8 df/]/ To;sf] /ut / df;'nfO{ ksfP/ kl:sg] k/Dk/f /x]5 . xfdLx¿sf] nflu t …snr/n zsÚ -;f+:s[lts cf3ft_ g} x'g k'Uof] . yfO{ t?0fLx¿sf] g[To x]g{df xfdL dUg lyof}+ . o; /]:qf+sf] glhs} xfd|f] g]kfnL /fhb"tfjf; cjl:yt 5 t/ dnfO{ ToxfF hfg km';{t g} ePg . dxfdlxd /fhb"t /fh]Zj/ cfrfo{Ho"n] lbjfef]hsf] nflu lgdlGqt ug'{ePsf] lyof] t/ uf]i7Lsf] sfo{qmd 5f8]/ sxfF hfg] <

Pslbg xfdLx¿nfO{ :ynut lg/LIf0fsf nflu Pp6f ufpFdf nluPsf] lyof], hxfF sfo{d"ns lzIffsf] sfo{qmd ;kmntfk"j{s ;~rfng eO/fv]sf] lyof] . zf}rfnosf] UofF;af6 3/df aQL tyf vfgf ksfpg] Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5 . 3/–3/df 6]lnkmf]g ;]jf pknAw 5 . ufpFb]lv /fhwfgL a]Olhª;Dd a;sf] Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5 . o; ufpFdf gfgfls+u s[lif ljZjljBfnosf k|fWofks Sjf jif{sf] ^ dlxgf;Dd a:b5g\ / ufpFn]x¿nfO{ pGgt hftsf] ljpm / dn tyf cGo cfjZos ;xof]u pknAw u/fpF5g\ . k|fWofks Sjf PSn} Pp6f sf]7fdf a:b5g\ / cfkm\gf] vfgf cfkm}+ ksfP/ vfG5g\ . o; k|fWofkssf] nugzLntfn] ;Dk"0f{ ufpFsf] sfofkn6 ePsf] 5 . of] ufpF 6fOgf+u kxf8sf] km]bLdf cjl:yt 5 . ToxfF Pp6f ;'Gb/ tfn klg 5 . kxf8L b[Zo dgf]/d 5 . o; ufpFsf] ;jf{+uL0f ljsf;sf nflu k|f Sjfk|lt ;a} ufpFn]x¿ gtd:ts 5g\ . s[lif ljZjljBfnosf k|fWofksx¿ o;/L ufpFsf] ljsf;df cle?lr lnG5g\ . :ynut lg/LIf0fkl5 xfdLx?nfO{ nf}+ux' es]zg Nof08df cjl:yt xf]6ndf lbjfef]hsf] nflu Joj:yf ul/Psf] lyof] . rLg sfo{d"ns lzIffdf cu|0fL e"ldsf v]ln/x]sf] 5 . xfdL uf]i7Lsf ljb]zL ;xefuLx¿sf] ;fy};fy lrlgofF ;xefuLx¿ klg 5g\ . ljrf/sf] kf/:kl/s cfbfg–k|bfgaf6 klg xfdL w]/} nfeflGjt eof}+ .

uf]i7Lsf] clGtd lbg z'qmjf/ xfdL -d / O08f]g]lzofsf ;xefuL k|ltlglw /f]hL_ ljZjsf] cfZro{hgs ;Dkbf u|]6jfn x]g{ uof}+ . h;/L ef/t / tfhdxn kof{ojfrL ePsf] 5 . To:t} rLg / u|]6jfn klg Ps csf{sf] kof{ojfrL ePsf] 5 . xfdLnfO{ Pp6f uf8L / rfnssf] Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5 . rfns xfdLnfO{ u|]6jfnsf] glhs nu]/ s]a'nsf/sf] ;D´gf cfpF5 . xfd|f] s]j'nsf/ gofF ePsf]n] w]/} ;'ljwfhgs Pj+ ;'vb cg'e"lt u/fpF5 eg] of] s]j'nsf/ k'/fgf] ePsf]n] Tolt /fd|f] b]lv+b}g . oxfFaf6 bz ldg6sf] af6f] 5 . To;kl5 u|]6jfnsf] r9fO{ z'¿ x'G5 . xfdL b'j}hgf pSnG5f}+ t/ w]/} l56f] yflsG5f}+ . slt psfnf] r9\g] / cf]ln{g] . of] dfgj lgld{t ;ftf} cfZro{ jf:tjdf x]g{ nfossf] 5 . o;sf] cGTo sxfF x'G5 . yfxf x'Fb}g . bz{sx¿ cNk;+Vofdf lyP . s]xL ljb]zL ko{6sx¿ lyP . kmf]6f] lvRg]x¿ / ;fdfg a]Rg] dflg;x¿ xfdLnfO{ kmf]6f] lvrfpg / cfkm\gf] dfn–;fdfg lsGgsf] nflu hah{:tL cg'/f]w ul//fv]sf lyP t/ xfdL t u|]6jfn l5rf]Ngsf nflu 56k6fO{ /fv]sf lyof}+ .

u|]6jfnsf] k|frLgtf / df}lnstfsf] ;+/If0fsf nflu rLg ;/sf/ Psbd ;hu / ;lqmo b]lvG5 . ko{6sx¿nfO{ ;Ddf]lxt kfg{sf nflu gofF–gofF sfo{of]hgfsf] th'{df ul/Psf] 5 . lsgeg] o;dfly rLgn] uf}/jsf] cg'e"lt ub{5 . cxlg{z b]zsf] ;jf{+uL0f ljsf;sf nflu lrlGtt rLg s;/L u|]6jfnk|lt pbf;Lg x'g ;Sb5 . u|]6jfn x]g{ / r9\gsf nflu sltj6f d"nåf/ 5g\ Tof] 7Dofpg klg xfdLnfO{ ufx|f] kb{5 . o;sf] lgdf{0fsf] k5fl8 ;'/Iffsf] efjgfg} k|d'v lyof] .

ef]lnkN6 cyf{t h'nfO{ ( sf] lbg xfd|f] clGtd lbg lyof] . /f]hLsf] p8fg Psfljxfg} lyof] . pm xf]6n 5f8]/ laxfg} uO;s]sf] lyof] . d;Fu} &–* 306fsf] ;do lyof] . d a]Olhªdf cjl:yt s]xL k|l;4 :ynx¿sf] e|d0f ug{ rfxGy] . dxfdlxd /fhb"t klg ;fs{ b]zsf /fhb"tx¿;Fu a]OlhªeGbf aflx/ uO;Sg'ePsf] lyof] t/ b"tfjf;sf clws[t s'naxfb'/ yfkfnfO{ dnfO{ a]Olhª zx/ 3'dfpgsfnflu lgb]{zg lbg'ePsf] lyof] . ;a}eGbf klxnf ;]tf] r}To x]g{ uof} . pv/dfpnf] udL{ lyof] t/ klg xfdL ljZjk|l;4 snfsf/ c/lgsf]åf/f lgld{t r}To x]g{ uof}+ . Tof] r}To rflxF aGb lyof] . xfdL aflx/af6 g} x]g{sf] nflu afWo eof}+ . ToxfF sxL+ klg g]kfnL snfsf/ c/lgsf]af6 ag]sf] r}Tosf] pNn]v lyPg . xfdL aflx/af6 g} Tof] P]ltxfl;s r}Tosf] lrq lnP/ ;+tf]if eof} . To;sf] glhs} Pp6f csf]{ af}4 dlGb/ /x]5, hxfF a'4sf] ;'g cl8Psf] ;os8f}+ ;–;fgf d"lt{x¿ a8f] snfTds 9+uaf6 ;ª\u|lxt ul/Psf 5g\ / o;leq >L % dxf/fhflw/fh / >L % a8fdxf/fgL ;/sf/sf] lrq lvr]/ k|m]ddf ;hfP/ /flvPsf] 5 . o;sf] cnfjf k|wfgdGqL lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnf, e"=k"= ;efd'v bdggfy 9'+ufgf / /fli6«o k~rfotsf tTsfnLg cWoIf cflbsf] lrq klg /flvPsf] 5 .

To;kl5 xfdL P]ltxfl;s rf}s t]dDofg :Sjfo/ x]g{ uof}+ . c;fWo} udL{ 5 . dWofGxsf] ;do 5 t/ ToxfF dflg;x¿sf] 3'OFrf] nfu]sf] 5 . ToxfF ev{/} dd{t sfo{ ;lsPsf] /x]5 . ljBfyL{x¿n] o;kfln t]gDofg sf08sf] jflif{sf]T;j dgfpg vf]h]sf lyP t/ ;/sf/n] dd{t sfo{ ug'{k/]sf]n] ;f] jif{ufF7 dgfpg] cj;/af6 al~rt u¥of] . Pp6f egfO 5– …t' 8fn–8fn jd}+ kft–kftÚ . ToxfF Ps lsgf/fdf k|wfgdGqL rfp–Pg–nfO{–sf] ;dflw:yn 5 . ToxfF klg dflg;sf] eL8 5 . rfp–PgnfO{ k|lt >4f /fVg]x¿n] klg eGb5g\– pgsf] ;f+:s[lts cfGbf]ng unt sbd lyof] eg]/ . ToxfFaf6 xfdL …6]Dkn ckm x]egÚ x]g{ hfG5f}+ . of] rLgsf] cGgb]jtf cyjf cGgk"0ff{ xf] . oxfF /fd|f] jfnL–gfnL xf];\ eg]/ bz{gfyL{x¿ efsn ubf{/x]5g\ . of] eJo / ljzfn dlGb/ /x]5 . k|j]z z'Ns klg bz o'ofg . oxfF klg k|r08 udL{df klg bz{gfyL{x¿sf] eL8 nfu]sf] 5 . o;sf] rf/}lt/ eJo afuau}rf jftfj/0fljbsf] cg';f/, oxfFsf] jftfj/0f ;+/If0fsfnflu x/;Dej pkfox¿ ul/Psf] 5 . o:tf] ljzfn e"–efudf cjl:yt au}+rf d}n] b]v]sf] lyPg . jftfj/0fk|lt ;ts{ Pj+ ;r]t rLg;/sf/sf] ;+/If0f gLltsf] hlt k|z+;f u/] klg sd} x'G5 .

cfsfz] ofqf–hLjgsf] hfqf

dg¿k g]KRo'g

;fpg !% ut] zlgjf/ lbpF;f] @ ah] g]kfnu~h ljdfg:yndf zfxL g]kfn jfo';]jf lgudsf] 6\jLgc6/ ljdfg plqof] . tftf] xfjf lj5\ofOPsf] g]kfnu~h ljdfg:yndf ;fyLx¿;Fu b'O{ jif{kl5 e]6 x'Fbf cs}{ cfgGb cfO/x]sf] lyof] . cTolws udL{sf sf/0fn] g]kfnu~h dnfO{ Tolt ;fx|f] dg kb}{g . t/ Tof] lbg g]kfnu~h udL{n] ´g} /lGsPsf] lyof] . k'/} g]kfnu~hn] ;f; klg lr;f] xfjf kfPsf] lyPg . sf]7fdf ePsf k+vfx¿n] ;sL–g;sL tftf] xfjf km\ofFls/x]sf lyP afbnljgf g} dfG5]df z/L/x¿ al;{/x]sf lyP . h]gt]g Tof] /ft o'=Pd=Pg=sf] u]i6 xfp;df laTof] . ef]lnkN6 laxfg h'Dnf p8\gsf] lglDt xjfO{hxfhsf] l6s6 lng d g]kfnu~h ljdfg:yn k'u]F . tLg–rf/ lbg;Dd g]kfnu~hdf kfnf] gs'/]/ h'Dnf p8\g kfpg' eg]sf] axfb'/L g} dflgG5 . oBlk g]kfnu~haf6 h'Dnf zfxL g]kfn jfo';]jf lgudn] xKtfdf ^ j6f p8fgx¿ /fv]sf] 5 . t/ Psflt/ df};d jf k|fljlws sf/0f b]vfP/ hxfhx¿ h'Dnf plSng dfGb}gg\ . csf]{lt/ hxfh pl8xfn]df klg ofq'sf] ;ª\Vof 36fP/ ;f] tf}ndf Jofkf/Lx¿sf] ;fdfg k7fOlbP/ cj}B ;DklQ sdfpg] sd{rf/Lx¿sf] k|j[lQsf sf/0fn] k"/f ;ª\Vofdf ofq'x¿ af]Sg hxfhx¿n] kfpFb}gg\ . h;n] ubf{ ofq'x¿sf] 3'OFrf]n] h'Dnf p8\gsf] lglDt ;w}+ df/fdf/ kl//xG5 . g]kfnu~h ljdfg:yndf e|i6frf/sf] of] cj}B Jofkf/ aDaO{sf sf]7Lx¿sf] b]xJofkf/ ´}+ v'n]ofd rln/x]sf] 5 .

zfxL g]kfn jfo';]jfsf] sfp06/ glhs} d]/f] cufl8 Pp6f z/L/ pleG5 . kl;gfn] leh]/ d}nf bfux¿ a;]sf] Anfph, 5f]6f] u/]/ nk]l6Psf] ;f/L, lh+ul/+u skfn, rfp/L k/]sf] cg'xf/ . t/ ToxL a[4 cg'xf/df v';L o;/L km'n]sf] lyof] ls ;fob ;lhn};Fu ;+;f/ lhltPsf] xf];\ . d}n] xfn;Dd b]v]sf] cg'xf/x¿dWo] Ps b'O{hgf aRrfx¿sf] cg'xf/dfafx]s c¿sf] cg'xf/df To;/L v';L rlDsPsf] b]v]sf] lyOg . t/ cfh Pp6f j[4 cg'xf/n] d]/f] cufl8 k"j{ v';L b]vfOlbof] . d ToxL v';L x]/]/ csdlsO/x]sf] lyPF . gd:t] ;/, ;~r} x'g'x'G5 < sxfFaf6 cfpFg' ef] < slt w]/} jif{ kl5 e]6 eof] ;/;Fu . ljjfx ug'{ ef] ls ePg ;/ < xL/fn] t Pp6L gfltgL hGdfO;Sof] . otfptf u/]/ ufpFdf ;fgf] k;n yflklbPsL 5', ToxL k;n rnfP/ a:5 xL/f . gfltgLn] dnfO{ x}/fg u5]{ ;/ . d;Fu e]6 ePkl5 cfkm\gf s'/f ;'gfpFbf–;'gfpFbf dnfO{ gd:t] kmsf{pg] ;do klg lbg' ePg cfdfn] . pxfFnfO{ ;f; km]g{ km';{b klg gePsf] h:tf] k|sf/n] dnfO{ dgdf s'/f ;'gfO/xg' ePsf] lyof] . pxfF xL/f vqLsf] cfdf x'g'x'GYof] . d]/f] s0ff{nL k|fljlws lzIffnosf] a;fO cjlwsf] % jif{;Dd ;Fu} a;sf] lyof] xL/f vqL . sdhf]/ cfly{s l:yltn] k]6 kfNg d;Fu} a;]sf] xL/f lgSs} :jfledfgL lyof] . To:tf] 5f]/fnfO{ hGd lbg] cfdf cfkm\gf] >Ldfg\sf] d[To'kl5 ljs/fn cj:yf;Fu n8\b}–le8\b} / kl/l:yltnfO{ nf]Kkf v'jfpFb} cg'xf/el/ ;w}+ v';Lsf] rGb|df rDsfO/xg' x'GYof] xL/fsf] cfdfn] . d}n] o'jf–o'jtLx¿sf] cg'xf/df, lzIfs, Jofkf/L, sd{rf/L / g]tfx¿sf] cg'xf/df xtf/df 5fPsf] b]v]sf] 5' . t/ pxfFsf] cg'xf/df xfn;Dd To:tf] lg/fzf 5fPsf] b]v]sf] 5}g . xL/f;Fu % jif{;Dd a:bf klg cfkm\gf] vfg] a:g] cj:yf ´08} gePsf] l:yltdf k'u]sL cfdfn] slxNo} klg dsxfF b'Mv kf]Vg' ePg . slxn] xL/fnfO{ e]6\g cfpFbf k"0f{ v';L af]s]/ cfpg'x'GYof] . d]/f] tkm{af6 lrof vfg ;d]t cK7\of/f] dfGg' x'GYof] . t/ cfkm"n] s]xL g s]xL vfg] s'/f xfd|f lglDt af]s]/ cfpg' x'GYof] . d}n] ;w}+ pxfFsf cufl8 ;d:of / b'Mv kL/dsf{x¿n] w'nf] rf6]sf] b]v]sf] 5' . b'Mvsf clGtd r/0fdf klg cg'xf/df ;'vsf] cfef; kfOg] ;Gt'li6sf ls/0fx¿ rDsfO/xg' x'GYof] . cfh ToxL k|]/0ffbfoL j[4 cg'xf/ d;Fu ukmul//x]sf] b]Vbf j/k/ plePsf ofq'x¿n] xfdLnfO{ g} x]l//x]sf lyP, s'lGg lsg xf] <

;fyL t'n;L pkfWofosf] ;xof]un] d h'Dnf p8\g kfpg] ePF . t/ ToxfF Pp6f e|i6frf/ /f]Sg] lg/LIf0f 6f]nL s]Gb|af6 g]kfnu~h cfPsf] / Tof] laxfgsf s'g} klg p8fgx¿ lg/LIf0f ul/g] s'/fsf] Jofks rrf{ lyof] . Tof] lbg sfp06/df a:g] sd{rf/Lx¿ / nf]8/ -el/of_x¿sf cg'xf/ dlng lyP . pgLx¿ eGb} lyP– cfh Ps u|fd klg a9L x'Fb}g x}, dflyaf6 lg/LIf0f 6f]nL cfPsf] 5 . geGb} lg/LIf0f 6f]nLgfds gf6\o 6f]nLn] h'Dnf p8\g tof/ ePsf] ljdfgnfO{ /f]Sof] . hxfhleqaf6 ofq'x¿sf] ;Dk"0f{ ;fdfg lgsfn]/ ljdfg:ynleq} hf]Vg yfNof] . t/ s'g} klg 5n–sk6 kQf nufpg g;s]/ gSsnL v';L km\ofFSb} 6f]nL ljdfg:ynaf6 aflxl/of] .

#% ldg]6sf] p8fgkl5 xfdL h'Dnfsf] 5ftLdfly cf]ln{of}+ . cl3kl5sf] t'ngfdf h'Dnf clt ;'Gb/ x'g]a]nf g} j}zfvb]lv efi;Ddsf] . c;f]h dlxgfsf] ;'?jft;Fu} h'Dnf ljxfgLsf] zLt;Fu} hDg ;'? u5{ . lr;f] atf;;Fu} xl/ofnL p8]sf] lj/xdf w'nf] agL km'ª\ª p8\g yfN5 . o:tf] ;dodf a]n'sflt/ sk8fx¿ wf]P/ aflx/ ;'sfOof] eg] 3fd c:tfpFb} hfFbf sk8fx¿ hd]/ 7f]; a:t' aG5g\ . ef]lnkN6 3fd nfu]kl5 dfq hd]sf sk8fx¿ 7f]; cj:yfaf6 klUnP/ ;fdfGo cj:yfdf k'Ub5g\ . t/ d h'Dnfsf] a}+zfn' cj:yf / h'Dnf;Fu la5f]l8P/ b'O{ jif{kl5dfq h'Dnf k'u]sf] lyPF, h'Dnf k'Ubf Psflt/ aiff}{+el/ xl/ofnL eP/ ;';fO/xg] ;Nnf3f/Lx¿n] dnfO{ s]xL n]Vg bjfa lbO/x]sf] cfefif kfPsf] lyPF . au}+rfdf :ofpx¿n] cfkm\gf /ftf ufnfx¿ b]vfpFb} ahf/ gkfPsf]df kL/ kf]Vb} lyP . ltnfgbLsf] s~rg kfgLn] cfkm\gf] a}+;dfly n]vLlbg ;';fO/x]sf] efg x'GYof] . t/ ha d h'Dnfahf/ sf6]/ ltnfgbLsf] lt/}lt/ vf]lnsf]6 x'Fb} Pn]S; hfG8 a;]sf] 3/df k'u]F dnfO{ h'Dnfn] !@ jif{ klxn] klxnf]k6s h'Dnf k|j]z ubf{sf] ofb lbnfof] .

dnfO{ c´} tfhf ofb 5, h'g lbg d h'Dnf hfg tlD;Psf] lyPF– Tof] lbg d]/f] efO j;Gt hlGdPsf] tLg lbg ePsf] lyof] . ;'Ts]/L cfdf / j[4fj:yflt/ ;f]l´g'ePsf] a'afsf] cfF;'sf e]nx¿ gf£b} s0ff{nL k|fljlwsf lzIffnodf k'u]+ . To;kl5 d}n] d]/f] Ifdtfsf] 8f]sf]el/ 1fg / ;Lk ;f]xg{ yfn], h;/L h'DnL dlxnf lbbLalxgLx¿n] h+undf k;]/ lk/n -;'s]/ ´/]sf ;Nnfsf kftx¿_ ;f]xf]y]{ . a'l4 / r]tgfsf uxgfx¿nfO{ Jojxf/sf] cf/gdf ltvf{g yfn]+ . h;/L h'Dnf ahf/l:yt sfdL 6f]nsf ;'gf/ / nf]xf/x¿n] cfkm\gf] cf/gdf ;'g–rfFbL / kmnfd cflbnfO{ ltvfy]{ . cfly{s Pj+ ef}lts cefjn] cWoogsf] cjlwdf d]/f cfFvfx¿ slxn] lagfafbn' h'Dnfsf] lr;f] 5ftL dfly al;{Gy] . slxn] rf]6 gnfu]/} klg ;fx|} b'MVy] d]/f dgsf 3fpx¿ . v';Lsf km"nx¿ t rf8kj{´}+ slxn]sfxLF dfq d]/f] cg'xf/el/ km'Nby] . o;/L cToGt ;ª\3if{k"0f{ 9+un] d]/f cWoogsf rf/ aif{ lat] . ;f]xL cjlwdf kqldqtf dfkm{t\ d}n] sf7df8f}+af6 ldqsf] ¿kdf >Lcf]d >]i7 …/f]bgÚnfO{ d]/f] cfh{gsf] 8f]sf] leq /fv]sf] lyPF . kl5 pxfFn] dnfO{ dg¿k zfxLaf6 dg¿k g]KRo'gdf km6\sf] dfg{ k|d'v e"ldsf v]lnlbg'eof] .

ljleGg sf/0fx¿n] ubf{ k|ljlws lzIffnosf] cWofkgsf] sfdnfO{ 5f8]/ o'gfO6]8 ld;g 6' g]kfndf hflu/ vfg k'u]F . sfds} l;nl;nfdf h'Dnfsf] ;fx|} lk5l8Psf] kfj} -kfv]_ a:tL eg]/ 3[0ff u/]sf] rf}w lj;sf ufpFx¿df k'u]F . sfl~h/jf / kft/f;L lxd >[ª\vnfsf] lr;f] t/ cToGt ;'Gb/ sfvdf pTkL8gsf] hfFtf]df lkl;P/ a;]sf 5g\ oL a:tLx¿ . ;f]x|f}+ ztfAbLlt/sf] dfgj ;Eotfsf] syf;Fu ldNbfh'Nbf eP/ afFRg afSo 5g\ oxfFsf hLjgofkgsf lbgrof{x¿ . t/ lxpFbsf cToGt lr;f /ftx¿df ;Nnfsf] w"Fjf;Fu cfo' p8fO/x]sf oL a:tLx¿dfly ha x/]s laxfg kft/f;L lxdfndfly r9]/ ;"o{n] 3fdsf ls/0fx¿ ;'sfpg yfN5g\, Tolta]nf eg] oxfFsf k|fs[lts b[Zox¿ :jL6\h/Nof08sf b[Zox¿eGbf sd cfsif{s x'Fb}gg\ /] .

;Gtf]ifs} s'/f ug]{ xf] eg] ToxfFsf a:tLx¿ 7fpF–7fpFdf 6fn]sf d}nf sk8fx¿ leq klg lg:sn° uj{sf] d':sfg km'nfP/ a;]sf 5g\ . oxfFsf cfn' / ds}sf kmfF6x¿df :jfledfgsf aLpx¿ kmNb5g\ . ;+;f/s} pRr 7fpFdf wfg kmnfpg] pRr r]tgf log} a:tLleqdf wfgsf ux|f–x¿df d':s'/fpFb5g\ . log} a:tLx¿af6 l;Sb} / pgLx¿nfO{ l;sfpFb} b'O{ jif{sf] cjlw rf}waL;df latfPF . :ofp, l;dL, Rofp / cfn'sf] af/L eg] klg x'g] d]/f] sd{ynf] h'Dnfdf !% jif{ latfP/ d /fhwfgL l5/] . o'gfO6]8 ld;g 6' g]kfn;Fu sfd ug]{ l;nl;nfdf o'= Pd\= Pg\= sf ljleGg kl/of]hgfx¿df tflnd lbg / cg'udg ug{ /fhwfgL / df]km;ndf cf]x/bf]xf]/ ub}{ ;f9] b'O{ aif{ laTof] . To:t} sfdn] ;f9] b'O{ jif{kl5 dfq k'gM h'Dnfsf] wtL{df kfOnf 6]Sg] cj;/ h'6]sf] lyof] . h'Dnf ahf/ / s0ff{nL k|fljlws lzIffnodf rf/ kfFr lbgx¿ latfPFsf] lyPF . t/ h'Dnfsf] x+us+u eg]/ lrlgg] s0ff{nL k|fljlws lzIffnodf kfOnf 6]Sbf lzIffnon] tk–tk cfF;' r'xfO/x]sf] efg dnfO{ eO/x]sf] lyof] . klxn]sf] h:tf] OHht, cg'zf;g / ;f}Gbo{ lzIffnodf lyPg . sd{rf/Lx¿ /fhgLlts bfpk]r, n'5fr'F8L / s]jn hflu/ vfg] dgl:yltdf dfq ePsf] efg x'GYof] . ljBfyL{x¿ s]jn k|df0fkqsf] vf]hL, / hf]8f hf]8Lsf] vf]hLdf dfq ePsf] cfef; kfOGYof] . ;du|df eGg'kbf{ h'g clek|fon] pSt lzIffnosf] :yfkgf ePsf] lyof] / cfkm\gf] u'0ffTds k|lti7f sfod /fVg lzIffnon] @)$^ ;fn cl3 h'g d]xgt u/]sf] lyof], tL s'/fx¿ clxn] k|foM gi6 eO/x]sf lyP . h;sf] k|d'v sf/0f eg]s} k|fljlws lzIff tyf Jofj;flos tflnd kl/ifb\df u}/ lhDd]jf/Lk"0f{ 9+un] eO/x]sf] /fhgLlts/0f g} xf] . h] xf];\, h'Dnfahf/ a;fOsf #–$ lbgx¿ ;fyLx¿;Fu e]63f6 ub}{ cToGt} /dfOnf];Fu lat] . ha d uf]7Lrf}/ uf=la=;= d'lg ;fF3' k'u]F . ToxfF ut jif{ Pshgf c;Osf] g]t[Tjdf /x]sf] k|x/L kmf];{n] dfcf]jfbLsf] gfddf ;fthgf a6'jfx¿nfO{ df/]sf] s'/f :yfgLo hgtfaf6 yfxf kfOof] . Tolta]nf eg] pSt k|x/Lrf}sL dfcf]jfbLx¿sf] 8/n] p7fO;s]sf] /x]5 . ToxfF s]jn l/Qf] vfnL 3/ / glhs}sf] vf]nfsf] lsgf/df dfcf]jfbLx¿nfO{ uf8\g] eg]/ klxNo} vg]/ 5f]l8Psf] b'O6f vfN6fx¿ pbf; eP/ a;]sf lyP . ToxfFaf6 kms]{/ h'Dnf ahf/ k'u]/ gj/fh zfxL / Zofdnfn dxt;Fu e]6 u/]/ wd{/fh /fjn sxfF ;f9] b'O{ jif{kl5 h'Dnfsf] /ftf] rfdn / l;dLsf] bfn;Fu e]63f6 eof] . ljutsf /dOnf If0fx¿ tftf] cu]gf jl/kl/ a;]/ ;l/tf efph" / wd{/fhhL;Fu afF8r'F8 ub}{ /ftf] rfdn / l;dLsf] bfn vfFbf d}n] Tof] If0fel/ k"0f{ ¿kn] sf7df8f}+ la;{g afWo ePsf] lyPF . afx|}df; k|of]u x'g] l;dLsf] bfn / cfn'sf] t/sf/L h'DnL vfgfsf] k|d'v ljz]iftf g} ag]sf] 5 . h'Dnfsf] l;dL olt :jflbnf] x'G5 ls ToxfFsf] l;dLsf] bfn vfg] JolStnfO{ g t slxn} cdg x'G5, g p;n] Tof] :jfbnfO{ c? bfnaf6 k"lt{ ug{ ;S5 . Tolt dfq xf]Og, h'Dnfsf] :yfgLo cfn' klg Tolt g} :jflbnf] x'G5 . To;}n] t h'Dnf ahf/b]lv cgs06f/ ufpF;Dd afx|}df; cfn'sf] t/sf/L / l;dLsf] bfn dfq} rln/x]sf] x'G5 . Tolt dfq xf]Og, ;+;f/s} ;a}eGbf pRr:yfgdf kmNg] h'DnL wfg x]bf{ sfnf] b]lvG5 . t/ rfdn eg] /ftf] x'G5 / lgSs} kf]lifnf] klg x'G5 . :yfgLo a'l4hLaLx¿sf] egfO cg';f/ /f0ff zf;g sfndf zf;sx¿n] h'Dnfsf] oxL /ftf] rfdn dufP/ vfGy] . ;'?–;'?df of] rfdnsf] eft v;|f] h:tf] cg'ej eP tfklg cGo rfdnx¿sf] t'ngfdf a9L zlSt k|bfg u5{ . To;}n] t of] rfdnsf] eft vfO/xg] dflg;x¿n] cGo rfdnsf] eft vfPdf rfF8} ef]s nfu]sf] dx;'; u5{g\ .

o;/L b'O{xKtf d]/f] Kof/f] wtL{ h'Dnfsf] sfvdf n'6k'l6P/ g]kfnu~h kmls{+bf h'Dnf ljdfg:ynsf] Oltxf;d} klxnf]k6s 36]sf] jLeT; hxfh b'3{6gfsf s'/fx¿ ;'Gg kfOof] . p8fg Jo:ttfsf] b[li6sf]0fn] eGg'kbf{ h'Dnf ljdfg:yn dWoklZrdf~rnd} g]kfnu~h ljdfg:yn kl5sf] bf];|f] Jo:t ljdfg:yn dflgG5 . oxL h'Dnf ljdfg:ynsf] Oltxf;df klxnf]k6s @)%% df3df ljdfg:yns} 5fltdfly g]sf]g Po/sf] ( Pg\=P=8L=P= ;]:gf qmfe]g ljdfg hn]/ Wj:t eof] .

ljdfg:ynnfO{ 3]/]sf] tf/sf] af/ aflx/ plePsf] dfgj eL8n] lg/Lx Pj+ d"sbz{s eP/ ljdfgsf ;xfos rfns / s]xL ofq'x¿ cfuf]sf] Hjfnfdf lhpFb} 89\b} u/]sf] x]l//xg' k¥of] . zfob rfns bnsf] sdhf]/Ln] xf] ls < ofq' af]s]/ h'Dnf ljdfg:ynsf] e'O{+ 5f]8\g]lalQs} cufl8 Pp6f dfq Ol~hg ePsf] ;]:gf ljdfg /s]6´}+ 7f8} cfsfzlt/ x'FO{lsof] . t/ t'?Gt} n8fs' ljdfgx¿ cfsfzdf klN6P´}+ klN6b} 7f8} tn ´/]5 . k|ToIfbzL{ wgL/fd ef/tLsf cg';f/–ljdfgsf] cufl8sf] efu 7f]lSsP/ sslk6sf] efun] d'Vo rfns rGbnfO{ clncln lyRof] . t/ ;xfos rfns dNnsf] eg] 9f8b]lv tnsf] ;Dk"0f{ efu lgsfNg} g;lsg] u/L lylrof] . hxfhsf] OlGhg klg cufl8 g} ePsf] sf/0fn] ubf{ hxfhsf] 7f]SsfO ;Fu;Fu} w"jfFsf] d':nf] / cfuf]sf] Hjfnf blGsg yfNof] . To;kl5 p8fg Ol~hlgo/n] d'Vo rfns rGbnfO{ t cfuf]sf] nKsfaf6 vf]:g ;kmn eP . t/ ;xfos–rfns eg] Ol~hlgo/nufot c¿ s;}n] vf]:g ;s]gg\ . Ol~hg 7f]lSsP/ w"jfF cfO/x]sf] ljdfg k8\lsg] 8/n] ToxfF pkl:yt k|x/L / ;]gfsf hjfgx¿n] aflx/af6 s;}nfO{ klg ljdfg glhs hfg lbPgg\ . k"hf, k|fy{gf / z'e ofqfsf] sfdgf;lxt cfkmGtx¿nfO{ ljbfO ug]{x¿n] If0f e/ leq} zf]s rLTsf/ 5f]8\g' k/]sf] lyof] . df3 dlxgfsf] hf8f]n] hd]sf] h'Dnfsf] ljdfg:yndfly ofq'x¿ cfuf]sf] /fkdf hln/x]sf lyP . pgLx¿ lrRofP xf]nfg\, glhs}sf rGbggfy afafnfO{ / kz'kltgfynfO{ arfOlbg cfu|x u/] xf]nfg\ . t/ pgLx¿ hn]sf] b[Zo rGbggfy / e}/j gfysf ln+ufx¿n] x]l//x] . 6f9fsf] kz'kltgfyn] ;'Gb} ;'g]gg\ / ljdfg:ynsf] af/ aflx/ a;]sf] ljzfn dfgj eL8n] ;d]t ljdfgleqsf ofq'x¿ s;/L hn] / ;f] cjlwdf s] u/] eGg] s'/f b]Vg ;s]gg\ . t/ ;xfos rfnssf] sf?l0fs cj:yf eg] ljdfgsf] km'6\b}–gkm'6\g] cufl8sf] l;;faf6 ;a}hgfn] x]l//x] . wgL/fdsf cfFvfdf hLp g} l;l/+u x'g] pSt b[Zo 3'ld/xG5g . cfuf]sf] Hjfnfaf6 d'Vo rfnsnfO{ aflx/ NofpFbf–NofpFb} hxfhsf] cufl8sf] efunfO{ cfuf]n] cfkm\gf] lgoGq0fdf lnof] / ;xfos rfns a;]sf] 5]psf] ‰ofnsf] l;;f km'6fNg vf]Hbf l;;f km'6\b}–km'6]g c/] . cfuf]sf] nKsfleq k/]sf ;xfos rfns dNn cfkm\gf] skfndf ;Ns]sf] cfuf] Pp6f xftn] lgefpFb} lrRofP/ csf]{ xftn] cfkm"nfO{ arfpFgsf] lglDt u'xf/ dflu/x]sf] sf?l0fs b[Zo s;/L x]/] xf]nfg\ . t/ ToxfF pkl:yt dfG5]x¿;Fu tdf;] aGg' afx]s csf]{ s'g} ljsNk g} lyPg . hxfhsf] sslk6n] ;xfos rfnsssf] z/L/sf] tNnf] efu Rofk]sf] x'gfn] pgL p7\g / rNdnfpFg klg ;Sb}g lyP . s]xL ;dokl5 ha cfuf]n] pgnfO{ kf]Ng yfNof], pgsf] 6fpsf] / dflyNnf] z/L/ a]:;/L 56kl6g yfNof] . pgL cToGt dfld{s lsl;dn] ;'Gg]sf] d'6' g} rL;f] x'g] u/L lrRofpg yfn] . of] qmd pgL k"0f{ j]xf]; gx'~h]n;Dd rln/˜of] . ha pgn] cfuf]sf] nKsfx¿;Fu xf/] clg hxfhsf] cufl8sf] 6]a'nh:tf] efudf cfkm\gf b'O6} xftx¿ c8\ofP/ To;}dfly 3f]K6f] k/L ;bfsf] lglDt ;':tfP . h'Dnf ljdfg:ynsf] 5ftLdfly pgsf] afFRg] clenfiff dfq hn]g pgnfO{ arfpg rfxg]x¿sf] OR5f klg hNof] . cfwf 306f cufl8sf] ;'Gb/ o'js cfwf 306f k5fl8 ;a}n] x]bf{x]b}{ sfnf] cFuf/df kl/0ft eof] . clwsf+z ofq'x¿ klg hn]sf] cj:yfdf lgsflnP/ . pgLx¿sf of]hgfx¿ ;kgfx¿ nIox¿ h'Dnf ljdfg:yn dfly g} w"jfFdf kl/0ft eP . o:tf] jLeT; 36gfsf] ljj/0f ;'g]/ ljdfg r9\g' kbf{ dnfO{ stf–stf 8/n] ;tfPsf] lyof] . t/ ljdfg rl9;s]kl5 h] eP klg ef]Ug}k5{ eGg] dgl:ylt;lxt ljleGg s'/fx¿ dgdf v]nfpFbf v]nfpFb} g]kfnu~h ljdfg:yndf xfdL ´g]{ a]nf eO;s]sf] lyof] .