Madhuparka (Book (Nepal) )

k':ts÷klqsf

sf]dn Joª\Uosf oyfy{jfbL syfsf/

syfdf k|of]uwld{tfk|lt ;hu syfsf/ lszf]/ kxf8L cfˆgf syfx¿nfO{ ;'lrlGtt cfof]hgsf ;fy n]Vg] u5{g\ . pgsf syfx¿n] 7"nf] zflAbs kl/j]zsf] ckIfff /fVb}gg\ . o:tf] syfsf] ljifosf sf/0fn] geP/ syfsf/n] cfˆgf] 5'§} klxrfg :yflkt ug]{ syflzNksf] k|of]u¿9tfn] klg xf] .

;j{1 / ;]S; syf ;ª\u|xsf ;Gbe{df syfsf/ lszf]/ kxf8Lsf] syfsf/ d"ntM dfgjLo ;+j]bgfn] kl/rflnt syfsf/ xf] / o;n] syfdf pkl:yt u/fpg] oyfy{x¿nfO{ sf]dn efiffdf lgjf{x u/]sf] kfOG5 . of] syf;ª\u|x rf/ v08df ljeflht 5 / k|To]s v08df leGgfleGg} ljifosf syfx¿ /flvPsf 5g\ . oL v08x¿df jt{dfg ljvl08t ufyf, pk]lB|ft u|fDo hLjg, df+;lk08sf] k|of]u, eL8 / k|ltefdf ljeflht 5g\ . k|To]s v08df ;DalGwt v08sf] gfdsf] k|ltlglwTj ug]{ syfx¿ ;dfj]z ul/Psf 5g\ .

syfsf/ kxf8Lsf k|:t't syf;ª\u|xsf ;a} syfx¿ lgs} ;/n / /]vfTds efiffdf n]lvPsf 5g\ . syfx¿sf] cfGtl/s ljsf; sfo{–sf/0fsf] ts{k4ltdf ul/Psf] 5 / To; cg';f/sf lgisif{x¿ klg syfdf b]vfOPsf] 5 .

syfsf/ kxf8L syfdf Joª\UofTdstfsf] k|of]u klg ub{5g\ t/ of] Joª\UofTdstf w]/} syfx¿df cfqmfds x'Fb}g . pgL …zx/sf] Pp6f aËnfÚ h:tf syfdf pgsf syfx¿n] lgjf{x ug]{ cf};teGbf s8f Joª\Uo k|of]u u5{g\ . …l;kfxLÚ / …cwf{lËgLÚ h:tf syfx¿df cf8Da/k"0f{ dfgjLo Jojxf/sf] Joª\Uo 5 eg] …lv;LÚ h:tf syfx¿df pgL dfgjLo ljjztfsf] s?0ffTdstfnfO{ lrq0f u5{g\ / Joª\UonfO{ sf?l0fstfsf] ;xfos agfpF5g\ .

syfsf/ kxf8Ln] caf]wdf afndgf]lj1fgnfO{ k|wfgtf lbP/ ;dsfnLg jo:sx¿sf] cf8Da/L Jo:ttfdf afnsx¿sf nflu ;do / :yfg gePsf] lrq0f u/]sf 5g\ . pgn] …sfnf], sfnf] Psbd sfnf] k|sfzÚ syfdf l:yltsf] ljj/0f / kfqut cfr/0fsf] ;+of]hgaf6 ;dsfnLg hLjgsf cg]s txnfO{ s]nfpg] / plwGg] zAblrqfTds syf n]v]sf 5g\ . ;ª\u|xsf] gfd lnOPsf] syf …;j{1 / ;]S;Ú syfsf] d'vaf6 egfP/ Pp6f gf/L kfqsf] ljZjf;3ft / k'?ifsf] ljZjf;sf] syfnfO{ s'g} b'?xtfljgf lrq0f ul/Psf] 5 .

;f´f k|sfzgåf/f ul/Psf] of] syf ;ª\u|xsf] leqL kf7sf cB|f/x¿ lvOPsf / l5s]{lds]{ x'g nfu]sf 5g\ . o;n] k':tssf] jf:tljs c+z leqL kf7sf] k|:t'ltnfO{ pkIfff u/]sf] b]vfpF5 . t/ aflx/L cfj/0f / ;Hhf ;Gtf]ifhgs 5 .

k':ts– ;j{1 / ;]S; -syf;ª\u|x_ . syfsf/– lszf]/ kxf8L . k|sfzs– ;f´f k|sfzg, k'Nrf]s . ;+:s/0f– klxnf], lj=;+= @)%% . d"No– ?= %%.– k[i7;+Vof– !$±*^

– efpkGyL

lg/Lx / lgM;xfosf ;';]nL

slj x]dGt >]i7sf] …b]z ef]sfx¿sf] /f]6L xf]OgÚ ;Íngleq hDdf %$ sljtfx¿ ;lDdlnt 5g\ . oL sljx¿df sljsf] ljb|f]xL cGtZr]tgfn] tLj| Pj+ k|v/ cleJolQmnfO{ hGdfPsf] 5 . ;dfhdf Joj:yfsf] gfddf km}ln+b} uPsf] cJoj:yf, dfgjLo d"Nosf] x|f;, ;fdflhs :jLs[ltsf cf8df b]vfk/]sf ljs[ltx¿ cflb ljifo jf k|;Ëx¿ g} slj x]dGtsf sljtfx¿ aGg k'u]sf 5g\ . ef]hgfno, pHofnf] kv]{sf cfFvfx¿, hfqfsf] ;x/, d lha|f] cfTdxTof u5'{, b]z, cfhsf] dfG5]sf] sljtf, b]z ef]sfx¿sf] /f]6L xf]OgÚ nufotsf ;ª\u|xleqsf clwsf+z sljtfx¿ /fli6«o ;fdflhs ;Gbe{x¿nfO{ 5'Fb} dfgjLo cl:tTjdflysf] ;Í6df ;r]t ag]sf kfOG5g\, h:t}–

dnfO{ :jtGq eP/ af]Ng b]pm
ls t Ps 5fs eft b]pm
oL b'O6} lbg ;Sb}gf} eg]
Joy}{ lsg s}b ul//fV5f}
a? uf]nL rnfpm
kmfF;Lsf] km};nf ;'gfpm
geP sdeGbf sd
cfTdxTofsf] :jtGqtf b]pm
-d lha|f] cfTdxTof u5'{_

oL / o:t} sljtfsf kª\lQmx¿df slj x]dGt ;du| dfgjLo kL8f / ltgsf ljjztfx¿nfO{ JoQm ug{ k'U5g\ . ljz]iftM lg/Lx / lgM;xfo dflg;sf cfEoGt/ / kL8fsf :j/x¿ pgL cfˆgf sljtfx¿åf/f ;';]B5g\ . pTkL8g / zf]if0f ef]lu/x]sf] …hgtfÚ gfdsf] k|f0fLnfO{ pgn] oL sljtfx¿df cfjfh lbPsf 5g\ h'g hgtfnfO{ /fhgLlt, wd{, g}ltstfsf cfbz{o'Qm 9f]+ux¿ :j}/ ;dfhsf] Pp6f ju{n] g/fd|f];Fu v]nf}gf agfPsf] 5 . ltg}sf :j/x¿ oL sljtfx¿df d'vl/t ag]sf 5g\ .

s[lt–b]z ef]sfx¿sf] /f]6L xf]Og -sljtf ;ª\u|x_ . slj– x]dGt >]i7 . k|sfzs– w':jfF ;fo\dL . ;+:s/0f– k|yd, @)%% . d"No– ?= &(.– . k[i7;+Vof– !@±!$*

– b]jLk|;fb ;'j]bL

k|]d / lj/xd} s]lGb|t cg'e"ltx¿

uLtsf/ k'ikntf cfrfo{sf] kl5Nnf] s[lt dgsf] 3fpdf jklg dgs} efjfj]ux¿nfO{ nofTds cleJolQm lbOPsf uLtx¿ 5g\ . uLtsf/ cfrfo{ ljut s]xL jif{b]lv uLt, ehg, sljtf tyf syf ljwfdf cfˆgf efjgfx¿ lnlka4 ug{df lqmofzLn 5g\ .

dgsf] 3fpdf pgfggAa] j6f uLt 5g\ . oL uLtx¿df k|]dsf] xflb{s ;+;f/df ef]lug] gofFkgsf] cfgGb, To;sf] ;'vb If0f, lj/xsf] kL8f, lg/fzfsf] If0f, 56k6L, b'Mvsf] k|xf/af6 x'g] c;Xokg tyf dgdf nfu]sf 3fp cflb ljifos cg'e"ltx¿ 5g\ . dfofnfO{ x/bd vf]lh/xg] dgsf] t'na'nL, e]6] kZrft x'g] c;Ld cfgGb, lj/xsf] cfFwLn] hLjgsf ;'vx¿ a+UofPsf] kL8f, sf]lknfd} r'Fl8P/ d[To' ef]Ug' k/]sf] km"nsf] kL8f, dgsf] ax ;'Gg] sf]xL gePsf] If0f, xl/ofnL ;'s]sf] tyf hLjg l/Qf] nfu]sf] cflb ljleGg efjgfx¿ uLtdf cfPsf 5g\ .

slxn];Dd afFRg' d}n] ´sf]{ dfgLdfgL
latfpg g} ufx|f] k¥of] PSnf] lhGbufgL

-k[i7M *)_

dfof k|]d lj/xs} cg'e"ltx¿df s]lGb|t dgsf] 3fpdf ePsf uLtx¿ ljljwtfn] o'Qm geP klg efj'stf, ;/ntf / cg'k|f;o'Qm x'gfn] k7gLo 5g\ . sxL+sxL+ dgnfO{ 5'g] u/L efjgfx¿ cleJoQm ul/Psf 5g\ . t/ uLtnfO{ efjk"0f{ Pj+ snfTds agfpg] ;Lksf] eg] c´} s]xL sdL b]lvG5 .

s[lt– dgsf] 3fp -uLt ;ª\u|x_ . n]lvsf Pj+ k|sflzsf– k'ikntf cfrfo{ . ;+:s/0f–k|yd )%% k'; . d'b|0fM ljgfos k|]; sf7df8f}+ . k[i7 ()±!^ . d"No– ?= #).–

– w|'j dlwsdL{

Gofo / d'lStsf :j/x¿

cfuf]sf :j/x¿ cf]sln/x]sf slj xL/f cfsfz cfˆgf] sljtf ;ª\u|x æcfuf]sf :j/x¿Æ lnP/ g]kfnL sljtf kmfF6df pkl:yt ePsf 5g\ . g]kfnL sljtfsf kf7sx¿sf lglDt xL/f cfsfz ckl/lrt gfd xf]Og . cfˆgf] lsl;dsf] sfJo–;f]r / lzNk af]s]sf slj xL/f cfsfz cfˆg} ultdf ;fwgf/t k|ltef x'g\ eGg] s'/f pgsf] k|:t't sljtf ;ª\u|x k9\bf ;lhn} cg'ej x'G5 .

;ª\u|xsf] gfd …cfuf]sf :j/x¿Ún] g} Pp6f ;Í]t / cy{af]w u/fpg vf]h]sf] 5 . zLif{s cg';f/ g} o; ;ª\u|xleq ljrf/sf] /fk / tfksf] cg'ej ug{ ;lsG5 . ljz]iftM g]kfndf k|hftGq k'ga{xfnL x'g' cl3sf oftgfdo If0fx¿ / k|hftGq k'ga{xfnL eO;s]kl5sf ef]ufOx¿sf] sfJofTds b:tfj]hsf ¿kdf slj xL/f cfsfzsf oL sljtfx¿ b]lvPsf 5g\ . k|hftGqn] cfd dflg;sf rfxgfx¿nfO{ k"/f ug{ g;s]sf] oyfy{ pgsf sljtfdf Psflt/ b]lvG5 eg] csf]{lt/ k|hftGq vf]l;g ;S5 eg]/ pgsf sljtfn] ;r]t klg u/fpF5g\ . cfˆgf] /fi6«sf] af/]df dfq xf]Og slj cfˆgf sljtfx¿df lx/f]lzdf, gfufzfsL, lx6n/, d';f]lngL, d08]nf, Kofn]li6gL z/0ffyL{ cflbsf] k|;Ë p7fP/ sljtfnfO{ /fli6«o 3]/feGbf aflx/ ;d]t k'¥ofpg] k|of; u5{g\ .

cf:yfx¿df klx/f] uPsf], ljZjf;x¿df 89]nf] nfu]sf] / s'07fx¿sf] e}+rfnf] uPsf] cg'e"lt jt{dfgdf slj;Fu 5 t/ pgn] cf:yf / ljZjf;nfO{ 5f8]sf 5}gg\ . o;}n] sljtfnfO{ pgL ;fy{s ;f}Gbo{sf ¿kdf :jLsf5{g\ .

d"ntM slj xL/f cfsfz ;ª\3if{sf slj x'g\, cyf{t\ cfuf]sf :j/x¿ lkm+hfpg] slj x'g\ . o; cy{df pgL leqsf] k|ultjfbL :j/ o; ;ª\u|xdf k|v/ ¿kdf d'v/ ePsf] cg'ej x'G5 .

– nlnhg /fjn

hLjgsf ljljw ofqfsf] ;d'b\3f]if0f

g]kfnL ;flxTosf If]qdf uf]ljGb lu/L k|]/0ff ax'cfoflds JolQmTj x'g\ . cfVofg -syf, pkGof;_, sljtf, ;dLB|ff÷;dfnf]rgf cflb ;a} ljwfdf cfˆgf] ljlzi6tf sfod ul/;s]sf lu/Lsf] cfVoflgs If]qsf] pRrtf pgdf 68\sf/f] b]lvG5 . xfn;Dd Ps bh{ghlt k':tssf ;|i6f k|]/0ff Ps jif{d} cfwf bh{ghlt k':ts lbg ;Sg] ;fdYo{ ePsf JolQmTj klg x'g\ . pgsf c;+Vo km'6s/ /rgfx¿n] tLj| g}/Gto{sf] ;d]t pmHh{l:jtf l;4 u5{g\ .

syfsf/ uf]ljGb lu/L k|]/0ffsf] …ofqfM cgGtÚ @)%% ;fndf ;f´f k|sfzgaf6 k|sflzt aL;j6f n3'–d´f}nf cfofdsf syfx¿sf] ;ª\u|x xf] / o;df @)$@ ;fnb]lv @)%# ;fn;Dd ljleGg kqklqsfdf k"j{ k|sflzt syfx¿ ;ª\u|lxt 5g\ . k|:t't ;ª\u|xleqsf aL;j6f syfx¿dWo] afx|j6f syfx¿n] s'g} g s'g} ¿kdf of}g ljifo;Fu ;Da4tf b]vfpF5g\ eg] afFsL cf7j6f syfx¿n] xfd|f] ;fdflhs ljs[lt / lj;Ëltsf] ;zQm lj8Dagfaf]w cleJol~ht u5{g\ . of}g ljifo;Fu ;Da4 syfx¿ klg ;fdflhs / j}olQms nf]ssf] ljr/0fdf s]lGb|t eO{ glhs}af6 lrofOg] eP/ b]vf kg'{ csf]{ ljz]iftf xf] .

syfsf/ k|]/0ffn] ;dfh;fkIff oyfy{tfsf] k[i7e"lddf jt{dfg o'uhLjgsf ;ËltxLgtf / lj8Dagfaf]wnfO{ snfTds cleJolQm k|bfg u/]sf 5g\ . cfly{s, /fhgLlts, ;fdflhs / j}olQms ;d:of Pj+ hl6ntfx¿nfO{ ;fwf/0fLs/0f u/]/ k|:t't ug'{ ;a} syfsf] d"n ceLi6 b]lvG5 . sxL+ sxL+ kb;Ëltdf ljrng b]lvP klg To;;Fu} cfPsf] cgf}krfl/s z}nLn] syfx¿nfO{ hLjGttf k|bfg u/]sf] cg'ej x'G5 .

– nB|d0fk|;fb uf}td

kl/dfh{gsf] vfFrf]

ef/tsf] sfn]a'ª lgjf;L syfsf/ OGb|axfb'/ If]qLsf] syf ;ª\u|x …cJoQm /x:oÚ kf7s ;dIf k'u]sf] 5 . …ul/dfÚ, …ldld{/]Ú, …k|ltjfbÚ cflb ;flxlTos klqsfx¿df k|sflzt / ck|sflzt u/L hDdf !) j6f syf o; ;ª\u|xdf ;ª\u|lxt 5g\ .

g]kfnsf] ef}uf]lns l;dfgf aflx/ a;]/ syf n]Vg] g]kfnL syfx¿df OGb|axfb'/ If]qL ckl/lrt gfd xf]Og . pgsf cg]sf}+ syfx¿ g]kfn / bflh{lnª, sfn]a'ªlt/af6 k|sflzt x'g] kqklqsfx¿df a/fa/ b]lvFb} cfPsf x'g\ . t/ k':tssf] ¿kdf of] pgsf] klxnf] pknlAw xf] .

syfsfl/tfsf] b[li6df k|:t't ;ª\u|xsf !) j6} syfx¿df s'g} gf}nf] ljjifoj:t' 5}g . syfsf/ If]qLsf kfq, kl/j]z / syf j:t' bflh{lnª sfn]a'ªsf b}lgs hg–hLjgaf6 l6lkPsf 5g\ . To;}n] To; e]usf kf7sx¿nfO{ oL syfx¿ k9\bf cfˆg} 3/, cfFug, ahf/, :s"n, c:ktfn cflbsf] ´´Nsf] cfpg' :jefljs} xf] eg] cGoqsf kf7sx¿nfO{ klg oL syfx¿n] gf}nf] kl/j]zdf ljr/0f u/fPsf] cfef; x'Fb}g .

;ª\u|xsf clwsf+z syfx¿ syfeGbf klg aLeT; ck/fw ;fdflhs 36gfsf] ljj/0f h:tf] nfU5 . syfx¿df ljb]zL zAbx¿ k|z:t k|of]u ePsf 5g\ . x|:j, bL3{k|lt Tolt Wofg glbOPsf] b]lvG5 . ;dli6df, syfsf/n] cfkm"nfO{ c´ kl/dfh{g ub}{ syf k|:t'tLs/0fdf ;zQmtf NofPdf eljiodf pxfFaf6 syf ;flxTodf /fd|f] of]ubfgsf] ckIfff ug{ ;lsG5 .

s[lt–cJoQm /x:o -syf ;ª\u|x_ . syfsf/– OGb|axfb'/ If]qL . k|sfzs– g]kfnL ;flxTo cWoog ;ldlt, sfn]a'ª, ef/t . ;+:s/0f– klxnf] O{=;+= !((& . d"No– ef=?= #%.– . d'b|0f– dl0f lk|lG6ª k|];, sfn]a'ª . k[i7– *@±*

– >L/fdl;+x a:g]t

pkGof; ljwfdf gjLgtd k|:t'lt

g]kfnL pkGof;sf If]qdf ;"a ;]gsf] k|:t'lt / k|of]udf gjLgtf e]l6G5, xfn} k|sflzt …c~h">Lb]lv cfGbf]ng;DdÚo;sf] pbfx/0f xf] . kfFrj6f pkGof;nfO{ Pp6} k':tsleq ;dfj]z u/L k|sflzt ul/Psf] of] k':ts n3' pkGof;sf] ;ª\u|x xf] . o;eGbf cufl8 pgsf !) j6f s[lt k|sflzt ePsf 5g\ . …b]z bz{gÚ b'O{ v08df, 8fF8fsf] h"g, lzv/ -pkGof;_, tLg j6f sljtf ;ª\u|x / uf}r/0fb]lv uf}k"hf;Dd -ofqf ;+:d/0f_ k|sflzt u/fO;s]sf ;"a ;]gsf] of] kl5Nnf] s[lt xf] .

o; pkGof;leq kfFrj6f zLif{s 5g\– c~h">L, jL/ l;Ssf, x]df, hLjgzf:q, cfGbf]ng . k':tssf] zLif{s klg o;} pkGof;sf n3' pkGof;sf] gfdaf6 /flvPsf] 5 . klxnf] pkGof; c~h">L xf] eg] clGtd cfGbf]ng xf], To;}n] o;sf] gfdfs/0f c~h">Lb]lv cfGbf]ng;Dd /flvPsf] xf] . klxnf] n3' pkGof; c~h">L gflosf k|wfg pkGof; xf] . bf];|f] pkGof; jL/l;Ssf klg rl/qk|wfg pkGof; xf] o;df jL/ gfdsf] gfos / l;Ssf gfdsL gflosfsf] k|]d k|;Ë pNn]v 5 . cg'lrt of}g ;DaGw sfod u/]/ k|]dsf] gf6s b]vfpg] jL/n] l;SsfnfO{ cfkm"n] g;aGbL u/L cfdf aGg] ;f}efUoaf6 jl~rt u/fPsf] x'Fbf l;Ssfsf] of}g Kof; r/d;Ldfdf k'Ubf uf]d];Fu zf/Ll/s ;DaGw x'G5 . oxL sf/0fn] ubf{ l;Ssfn] jL/sf] xTof u5]{ . o;df ct[Kt sfdjf;gfsf] kIf pb\3fl6t ePsf] 5 .

t];|f] pkGof; x]dfdf klg bldt OR5f / rfxgfsf] k/fsfi7f b]vfOPsf] 5, of] klg gflosf k|wfg pkGof; xf], bfh' alxgLsf] cj}w ;DaGwsf sf/0f nf]s nfhsf 8/n] x]dfn] cfTdxTof u/L pkGof;nfO{ ljof]ufGt agfPsf] 5 . rf}yf] pkGof; …hLjg zf:qÚ gfos / gflosfsf] gfdaf6 /flvPsf] xf] . hLjg / zf:qsf] afnljjfx x'G5, ljjfxkl5 hLjg k9\g hfG5 eg] >LdtL zf:q ;dfh;]jfdf ;dlk{t x'G5] .

clGtd pkGof; cfGbf]ng xf] . o;sf kfq k"j{ / klZrd x'g\ . logLx¿sf] dfWodaf6 b]zdf JofKt zf]if0f, e|i6frf/ lj?4 cfGbf]ng z'? x'G5 . /fhgLlts Joª\Uo klg ;dfj]z ePsf] of] pkGof;df b]zsf ;d;fdlos 36gfqmdsf] ljj/0f k|:t't 5 . b]zelQm / /fi6«jfbsf efjgf d'vl/t ePsf] of] pkGof;n] cfGbf]ng u/]/ cfˆgf] xs–clwsf/ lng' kb{5 eGg] b]vfPsf] 5 .

k':ts– c~h">Lb]lv cfGbf]ng;Dd -kfFr n3' pkGof;_ . pkGof;sf/–;"a ;]g . k|sfzs– bfloTj k|sfzg, rfjlxn, sf7df8f}+ . ;+:s/0f– k|yd, @)%% kmfu'g & ut] . d'b|s– cn lk|lG6ª k|];, rfjlxn . d"No– ljz]if ?= @)).– ;fwf/0f ?= %).– k[i7;+Vof– !$$±*

– s[i0fk|;fb e08f/L

/fli6«o ;+:s[ltk|lt hfu¿s

…lbzfxLg ofqfsf x/kmx¿Ú -@)%%_ gjf]lbt slj ofbj e§/fO{åf/f lj=;+= @)#& ;fnb]lv @)%% ;fn;Dd n]lvPsf k}+tfnL;j6f uB sljtfx¿sf] ;ª\u|x xf] . hLjgsf cg]s cg'e"ltx¿sf] sfJofTds cleJolQmnfO{ sljtf 7fGg] e§/fO{n] cfˆgf sljtfsf ljifoj:t' klg cfˆg} b]z / kl/j]z, cfˆg} hLjg / hut\, cfˆg} cf:yf / ljZjf; cflbnfO{ agfPsf 5g\ . ;d;fdlos o'unfO{ glhs}af6 lrg]sf e§/fO{ jt{dfg l:yltdf b]vfk/]sf ;fdflhs–;f+:s[lts ljs[lt / lj;Ëltx¿k|lt ;Eotfsf gfddf lelqPsf xfd|f] ;+:s[lt–gfzs c;Eotfx¿k|lt / /fi6« / /fli6«otfdfly ePsf v]naf8x¿k|lt slj cfˆgf sljtfdf st} cfuf] eP/ blGsPsf 5g\ eg] st} cfF;' eP/ kf]lvPsf 5g\ . ;ª\3if{ / k|oTg gu/L s]xL klg kfOFb}g eGg] ljrf/ ePsf slj dfG5]n] ef]Ub} cfPsf jt{dfg lj;Ëlt / ljs[ltx¿ lj?4 ;+3if{zLn b]lvG5g\ / sljtf eg]sf] efjfgfTds cleJolQm dfq geO{ r]tgf / ;+j]bgfnfO{ ;+jflxt ug]{ afF;'/L klg xf] eGg] b[li6 lbg vf]h]sf 5g\ . ;d:of / cefjx¿nfO{ ef]Ug' k/] klg / afWotfdf hsl8g' k/] klg lg/Gt/ ¿kdf nflu/x]df jt{dfg l:yltdf b]vfk/]sf ljljw kIfx¿sf] k|b"if0f x6\g]5 / efjL k':tfx¿sf] hLjg :jR5 / ;'vb x'g]5 eGg] s'/fdf slj cfzfjfbL / ljZj:t b]lvG5g\ .

/fi6« / /fli6«otfdfly cufw cf:yf / dfof bzf{pg] e§/fO{sf o; sljtf–;ª\u|xleqsf …d]/} b]z /fd|f] nfU5Ú, …ge]l6Psf] d]/f] b]zÚ, …k|eftL nflndf;Fu} pbfPsf sljÚ cflb sljtfx¿df sljtf b]zk|]d / /fli6«o efjgfx¿ 5tf5'Nn eP/ kf]lvPsf 5g\ .

o;/L ofbjsf /rgfdf cleJolQmsf] cfˆg} lghLkg kfOG5 . uB sljtfleq klg cfGtl/s no / ld7f; eg{ ;Sg] slj e§/fO{ ;/n kf/fdf hl6n eGbf hl6n ljifoj:t'nfO{ k|:t't ug{ kf]Vt b]lvG5g\ .

k':ts– lbzfxLg ofqfsf x/kmx¿ -sljtf ;ª\u|x_ . slj–ofbj e§/fO{ . k|sfzs– ljBf e§/fO{, l;4fy{gu/, ¿kGb]xL . d"No– ?= !)).– ;+:s/0f– klxnf], @)%% r}t . k[i7– !)±%*Ö^* .

– /d]zaxfb'/ vqL

a]Un} k[i7e"ld / :jfb cfbz{nfO{ Jojxf/df ¿kfGt/0f

ljho rfln;] pkGof;sf/, lgaGwsf/, ;+:s[ltljb\, kqsf/, syfsf/ / c´ eGg'kbf{ s'zn ;Dkfbs clg l;4x:t afn;flxTosf/sf ¿kdf kl/lrt eO;s]sf] 5 . pgnfO{ s]jn syfsf/sf ¿kdf dfq x]g]{ xf] eg] klg æeUg cf:yfsf] v08x/Æ t];|f] syf ;ª\u|xsf ¿kdf ;flxlTos e08f/df lelqPsf] 5 . lj=;+= @)$% b]lv @)%^ ;Ddsf cjlwsf ljleGg kqklqsfx¿df k|sflzt !* j6f syfx¿sf] ;Fufnf]sf] ;dli6 g} æeUg cf:yfsf] v08x/Æ ag]sf] 5 . …o'uo'usL hfgsLaf6 z'? eP/ cl3 a9]sf] syfqmd– /utsf] km"n, xs]{ s]xL a'‰b}g . cfuf]sf] lkmn'Ëf], ljZjf;÷cljZjf;, kf?, wld/f], eUg cf:yfsf] v08x/, sf]6fsf] l;sf/, :jtGqtfsf] d"No, Pp6f lgbf]{if k|Zg, 5fofFd'lQm, rs]{sf] 3/, /0fgLlt, af9Ldflysf] p8fg, b|f}kbL lgolt / hf]uLdfof x'b} ;Dk"0f{ qmflGtdf k'u]/ 6'lËPsf] 5 . w]/}h;f] syfx¿ /fhgLlt;Fu unf hf]8]sf 5g\ eg] cGo syfx¿ ;fdflhs ljs[lt–lj;Ëlt, e|i6frf/–clgoldttf, vf]qmf] cf8Da/, ljjztf / :jfyL{ k|j[lQk|lt s7f]/ k|xf/sf ¿kdf b]lvPsf 5g\ .

k|hftGqsf] k'gM:yf{kgfsf nflu /fhgLlts kf6L{ Pj+ hgtfsftkm{af6 nl8Psf n8fO{+x¿, ;/sf/L w/ks8, oftgf, bdg, zxfbt, Tofu h:tf ljifoj:t'x¿df l;lh{t syfx¿ /utsf] km"n, cfuf]sf] lkmn'Ëf], :jtGqtfsf] d"No, 5fofd'lQm, rs]{sf] 3/ cflb 5g\ eg] af9Ldflysf] p8fg, wld/f], eUg cf:yfsf] v08x/, /0fgLlt / ;Dk"0f{ qmflGt zLif{ssf syfn] k|hftGq k|flKtkl5sf ljs[lt, lj;Ëlt / :jfyL{ k|j[lQnfO{ nIo agfP/ rf]l6nf] k|xf/ u/]sf 5g\ . sf]6fsf] l;sf/, Pp6f lgbf]{if k|Zg h:tf syfn] k|hftGq k|flKt kl5 klg ufpFufpFdf cftÍ km}nfpg], dfG5] dfg]{ dfcf]jfbL / vfcf]jfbLk|lt k|xf/ u/]sf 5g\ . lgi7f, cfbz{, OdfGbfl/tf, ;Totf / zflGt x/fP/ st{JoRo"t x'g', lxhf]sf TofuL–OdfGbf/ klg cfh :jfyL{ / kbnf]n"k x'g', af]nL / sfd u/fOdf cfsfz–hldgsf] km/s x'g' syfdf dfq geP/ Jojxf/df klg b]lvb} hfg'n] syfsf/nfO{ o;k|lt k|xf/ ug{ c;xh l:ylt st} klg pTkGg ePsf] 5}g .

;ª\u|x leqsf] csf]{ syf b|f}kbL lgoltsf kfq xfd|} ;dfhleq of] @! cf}+ ztfAbLsf] o'udf klg s]xL hfltljz]ifdf 5Fb}5g\ . Pp6L gf/Ln] w]/} efOsL ;f´f kTgL ag]/ ;a}sf ;Gtfg hGdfpg'kg]{ ljjztfnfO{ tf]8\b} ljb|f]x ug{ syfsf/n] cfJxfg u/]sf 5g\ . c¿sf] e"t, eljio / jt{dfg x]/]/, cfˆgf] k]6 kfNg] Hof]ltifx¿n] cfˆg} kl/jf/sf] eljio x]g{ g;Sbfsf] kL8f–ljZjf;÷cljZjf;n] af]n]sf] 5 .

ljho rfln;]sf o; ;ª\u|xleqsf syfx¿n] pgsf] ax'cfoflds JolQmTjnfO{ syfsf/sf ¿kdf pl´NofPsf 5g\ . ;dfhdf 3l6t–36gf÷b'3{6gfnfO{ 6kSs l6k]/ syfsf dfWodaf6 ;flxlTos Pj+ af}l4s kf7s;fd' k|:t't ug{;Sg' rfln;]sf] syfsfl/tfsf] k|z+;gLo kIf dfGg'k5{ . s'g} s'g} syfx¿ k9\b} hfFbf syfsf/ clns a9L efj's ag]/ syfnfO{ hl6ntflt/ ws]n]sf] h:tf] cg'ej x'g'n] ;fdfGo kf7sx¿nfO{ s]xL cK7\of/f] kg{ ;S5 .

s[lt– eUg cf:yfsf] v08x/ -syf ;ª\u|x_ . syfsf/– ljho rfln;] . k|sfzs– ;fª\lu|nf k|sfzg, sf7df8f}+ . ;+:s/0f– k|yd, @)%^ . d"No– ?= < k[i7;+Vof– !)±!)^

– t'n;L

g]kfnL ;flxTosf] lB|flthnfO{ km/flsnf] / uxlsnf] kfg]{ cg'i7fgdf ljb]zL ;flxTosf] cg'jfbn] cx+ e"ldsf lgjf{x ug]{tkm{ ;Gb]x /xGg . h;/L g]kfnL ;flxTosf pTs[i6 /rgfx¿ cg'jfb u/L b]z–b]zfGt/ k'¥ofP/ g]kfnL ;flxTosf] ljlzi6tf / klxrfg clej[l4 ug{ ;ufj k'U5, To;}u/L ljb]zsf pTs[i6 /rgfx¿ cg'jfbsf ;fy g]kfnL jfª\dosf] e08f/df ylkgfn] g]kfnL kf7s ju{df Pp6f a]Un} :jfb / k|:t'lt z}nLn] ;du|df ;flxTonfO{ gjLg wf/f / k|j[lQtkm{ pGd'v ub{5 .

o;} kl/k|Ifodf hfkfgsf jl/i7 ;flxTosf/ bfO;fs' Os]bfsf] s]xL sljtf / lgaGwx¿sf] ;Fufnf] g]kfnLdf cg'jfb eO{ k|sflzt ePsf] 5 . O{=;+= !((% df hfkfgdf ljZjsljsf ¿kdf ;Ddflgt x'g'ePsf bfO;fs' Os]bfsf] o; ;Fufnf]df @$ yfg sljtf / % j6f lgaGwx¿ ;ª\u|lxt 5g\ . ;ª\u|xsf] g]kfnLdf cg'jfb ;flxTosf/ uf]ljGb lu/L …k|]/0ffÚn] ug'{ePsf] 5 . ;ª\u|xdf /x]sf sljtfx¿ xfd|f hLjg–hut\ / k/Dk/feGbf leGg} k[i7e"lddf cleJoSt ePsf] x'gfn] o;sf] /;f:jfbgaf6 a]Un} cg'e"lt / 1fgx¿ ;Dk|]if0f u/]sf] k|tLt x'G5 . u|Gydf ;dflji6 s]xL sljtfx¿n] dfG5]nfO{ afFRg] qmddf hLjgnfO{ ofqfsf] k|tLssf ¿kdf, ljZjk|l;4 hfkfgsf] km'hL kj{tnfO{ ljZjdf b]vf k/]sf] ptf/ r9fjsf] c6n tyf ;f}Do clËsf/ u/]sf] kfOG5 . o:tf ljifoj:t' Pj+ 36gfx¿nfO{ ;fB|fL agfP/ n]lvPsf sljtfx¿ /fi6«k|]d, ;+:s[ltk|]d, k|s[ltk|]d, dfgjk|]d df}lns klxrfg tyf Gofof]lrt ljZj ;fdflhs ;dfgtfsf kIfdf a9L ;+j]bgzLn ePsf] cg'e"t x'G5 . cg"lbt clwsf+z sljtfx¿sf efiff ;/n eP klg l;h{gfn] nlB|ft u/]sf] dd{ / cfzonfO{ 7Dofpg eg] lgSs} xDd] k/]sf] cWoogaf6 af]w x'G5 . To;f] t k[ys\ k[i7e"ld / kl/l:yltsf] sf/0fn] klg x'g ;Sb5 . ;ª\u|xdf ;dflxt % j6f lgaGwx¿df …cfdfÚ zAbnfO{ o; wtL{sf] hggL, ;Def/stf{ / ;+jfxssf] ¿kdf lnPsf] k|tLt x'G5 . ljZjdf ePsf] ljsf; / kl/jt{gnfO{ ;'ud / ;/n agfpg cfdfx¿s} e"ldsf uxg /x]sf] tYotkm{ k':ts pGd'v kfOG5 . o;} ;Gbe{df cfˆgf] afNosfndf afa'sf] lgwg, bf];|f] ljZjo'4sf] ljeLlifsftfsf cfdfnfO{ cfwf bh{g hlt 5f]/f5f]/LnfO{ x'sf{pg cfOk/]sf] bf?l0fs syf kIfn] k':tssf] ;+j]bgfnfO{ a9fPsf] 5 .

o;/L xfd|f] df}lns k[i7e"ld / ljifoj:t'eGbf 5'§} kl/j]zsf ;fdu|Lx¿ cg'jfb u/]/ g]kfnL kf7sx¿nfO{ a]Un} :jfb / cg'e"ltx¿ k|Iff0f ul/lbg' eP/ cg'jfbs uf]ljGb lu/L k|]/0ffn] 7"nf] u'g nufpg'ePsf] 5 .

k':ts–Os]bfsf sljtf / lgaGw -sljtf / lgaGw ;ª\u|x_ . d"n n]vs– bfO;fs' Os]bf . cg'jfbs– uf]ljGb lu/L k|]/0ff . k|sfzs– g]kfn P;= lh= cfO{, sf7df8f}+ . ;+:s/0f– k|yd, @)%% . d"No– ?= (%.– . k[i7 ;+Vof– !(±!)!

– slkn

Pp6f nx/ ;fu/sf]

o'jf ;flxTosf/ lbJo ;fu/ ;fpbåf/f lnlvt ljleGg uhnx¿nfO{ ;+sng u/]sf] uhn ;ª\u|x xf]– Pp6f nx/ ;fu/sf] . o;leq k|]d, lj5f]8, sNkgf, ?jfO{h:tf lhGbuLdf ef]u]sf s'/fx¿nfO{ ;d]6L uhnsf/n] ^@ j6f zLif{s lbO{ uhnsf] ¿kdf k|:t't u/]sf 5g\ .

s[lt– Pp6f nx/ ;fu/sf] -uhn ;ª\u|x_ . n]vs– lbJo ;fu/ ;fpb . ;+:s/0f– klxnf], @)%^. k|sfzs– cfbz{ bLk /fjn . d"No– ?= @%.– . k[i7 – ^@±!$ . d'b|s– afu]Zj/L lk|G6;{, g]kfnu~h .

sljsf b[li6df cd/l;+x

jL/of]4f cd/l;+xnfO{ ljleGg sljx¿n] cf–cfˆgf] b[li6sf]0faf6 j0f{g u/L @$ zLif{sdf tof/ kfl/Psf] ;+o'Qm sljtf ;ª\u|x xf] . cd/l;+xsf] dg, cd/tf, ;D´gfx¿, ;To, Oltxf;h:tf j0f{gx¿af6 cd/l;+x c´} hLljt /x]sf] cg'e"lt u/fpF5 .

s[lt– sljsf b[li6df cd/l;+x -;+o'Qm sljtf ;ª\u|x_ . k|sflzt– zfGtfs'df/L yfkf . k[i7– ^$±$ . ;+:s/0f– klxnf], @)%^. d"No– ?= %).– d'b|s– dNn lk|G6;{ .

kz'klt sljtf ;ª\u|x

:j= xh'/cfdf t'n;f ltlD;gfsf] ;D´gfdf o'jfslj kz'klt ltdl;gfåf/f lnlvt kz'klt sljtf ;ª\u|x xf] . o;leq ;'v, b'v, xif{, lj:dft\, ;ª\3if{, g}/fZo, pQ]hgf cflbsf] lrGtg dgg u/]sf] kfOG5 . o; ;ª\u|xleq ;/n efiffdf n]lvPsf ## j6f sljtfx¿ ;dfj]z 5g\ .

s[lt– kz'klt sljtf ;ª\u|x . slj– kz'klt ltlD;gf . k[i7–&)±!) . ;+:s/0f– klxnf] @)%^. d"No– ef?= @), g]=?= #).– . d'b|s–dxh{g lk|lG6ª k|]; .

k|jf;L :j/

slj xf]dgfy ;'j]bLn] ljb]zdf a;L :jb]zsf] dfofdf k|jf;L :j/ gfds sljtf ;ª\u|x n]Vg'ePsf] 5 . b]zsf] k|fs[lts df]x, axfgf, lj8Dagf, aGwg, ;xfg'e"lt j]bgf, lxhf]–cfh / ef]lnsf] b]zsf] l:ylt, k|jf;L lbn, ;dfgtf eGb}df 7"nf] ;fgf] /fd|f] g/fd|f] h'g;'s};Fu klg ;dfgtfsf] t'ngf gug'{h:tf s'/fx¿ o; ;ª\u|xdf ;d]l6Psf 5g\ . sljtfx¿ nfdf] x'g'sf ;fy} efiff ;/n / :ki6 ePsf kfOG5g\ . o;leq $! j6f sljtfx¿ ;dfj]z u/]sf 5g\ .

s[lt– k|jf;L :j/ -sljtf ;ª\u|x_ . slj– xf]dgfy ;'j]bL . k|sfzs– cGt{/fli6«o g]kfnL ;flxTo ;dfh jflzª\6g l8;L . ;+:s/0f– k|yd . d'No– ?= !) . k[i7 #@±!@ . d'b|0f– s]=;L= k|]; gofF afg]Zj/

dgsf] jx

ljleGg /rgfx¿ /Rg]qmddf :j= s[lt zdf{sf] ;D´gfdf b]jL kGyLn] dgsf] jx gfds uhn ;ª\u|x k|sflzt u/]sf 5g\ . k|]d, lj/x, r]nLa]6L a]rlavg, ljrf/, dfgjflwsf/, dft[C0f, jL/ k'vf{sf] Oltxf;, dgsf] kL8fnfO{, hah{:tL xfF;f]df kl/jt{g ug'{kg]{, ufpF5f]8L ;x/ k:g', ;ª\3if{ u/L qmflGtsf] aLp 5g]{, efUo kl/>dh:tf kIfx¿nfO{ uhnsf/n] uhnsf] dfWodaf6 ljleGg :ki6 kf/]sf 5g\ . ;/nefiffsf %$ j6f uhnx¿dWo] clGtd uhn nfdf] ePsf] kfOG5 .

s[lt– dgsf] jx -uhn ;ª\u|x_ . uhnsf/– b]jL kGyL . k|sfzs– jf0fL k|sfzg, lj/f6gu/ . ;+:s/0f– k|yd, @)%^ . k[i7– %*±!$ . d"No– ?=!)).– . d'b|s– >L g]kfn z}lB|fs ;f=p=k|f=ln= .

/fi6«} 6'x'/f] eof]

k|hftGqjfbL g]tf u0f]zdfgl;+x d[To'n] /fi6«} 6'x'/f] ePsf] cg'ej ub}{ pxfFsf] cd/ cfTdfsf] lr/zflGtsf] sfdgf ub}{ of] sljtf ;ª\u|x tof/ u/]sf] xf] . /rgfsf/ k]zfn] Pp6f lzIfseP tfklg pxfFn] @$ j6f zLif{ssf ljleGg sljtfx¿ tof/ u/L ;ª\u|x lgsfNg /rgfsf/ wg/fh lu/L ;kmn x'g'ePsf] 5 . ;fy} s'g} s'g} sljtfnfO{ Joª\UofTds ¿kdf k|:t't u/]sf 5g\ .

s[lt– /fi6«} 6'x'/f] eof] -sljtf ;ª\u|x_ . slj– 36/fh lu/L . k|sfzs– clgtf lu/L . ;+:s/0f– k|yd, @)%^ . d"No– < . d'b|s– ef/tL k|];, gf/fo0fu9 . k[i7– #%

zxLb

ljleGg ldltdf, ljleGg :yfgdf ePsf, lat]sf s'/fx¿nfO{ ;d]6L cd/ t'Dofxfª\uåf/f tof/ kfl/Psf] of] sljtf ;ª\u|x xf]– zxLb . o;leq kl/jt{g, lzIff, d]/L cfdf /f]bg, lg;fgf r's]sf] 5, lbn dg, gofF kl/j]z, lelh6 g]kfn, ;D´f}tf, Rjf:; b'vfPsf] 5, jf Sof RjfFs 5, cj;/jfbL g]tfx¿nfO{, ;x/sf c;Eo dfG5]x¿nfO{ sljtfsf] dfWodaf6 Joª\Uo k|xf/ u/]sf] 5 . o;leq ## j6f sljtfx¿ ;dfj]z 5g\ .

s[lt–zxLb -sljtf ;ª\u|x_ . k|sfzs– zÍ/ /fO{, d's'Gbk|;fb clwsf/L . ;+:s/0f– k|yd, @)%^ . k[i7 #&±!@ . d"No– ?= @).– . d'b|0f– kß k|];

;dk{0f

cfkmGtx¿sf] cfTdfsf] lr/zflGtsf] sfdgf ub}{ dLgf ;'j]bLåf/f lnlvt ehg ;ª\u|x ;dk{0f xf] . o; ;ª\u|xleq ;/n efiffsf eujfg\k|lt elQmefjsf] 5f]6f] %& j6f ehgx¿nfO{ ;d]6L wfld{s ljrf/fwf/fnfO{ a9fjf lbPsf] kfOG5 .

s[lt–;dk{0f -ehg ;ª\u|x_ . n]lvsf– dLgf ;'j]bL . k|sfzs– lxGb' gf/L hfu/0f ;ldlt, ljZj lxGb' dxf;+3, sf:sL kf]v/f . ;+:s/0f– k|yd, @)%^ d+l;/ k|yd . d'b|s– b]jsf]6f sDKo'6;{, afuahf/ . d"No– ?= #).– k[i7– %&±&

xfF8LufpFn] hfqf

sxL+ gePsf] hfqf xfF8LufpFsf] hfqf eg]´}+ gj k|ltef o'jfslj ofbj yklnofn] k|:t't sljtf ;ª\u|x tof/ kf/]sf 5g\ . /f]bg, ;D´f}tf, cfzf ;kgf, lt/:sf/, k|hftGqh:tf s'/fx¿nfO{ ;d]6L sljn] sljtfTds ¿kdf c´ :ki6 kf/]sf 5g\ . o;leq @! j6f sljtfx¿ ;dfj]z u/]sf 5g\ .

s[lt– xfF8LufpFn] hfqf -sljtf ;ª\u|x_ . slj– ofbj yklnof . k|sfzs– l8NnL/fd yklnof, >LdtL g/b]jL yklnof . ;:s/0f– klxnf], @)%^ . k[i7 – $*. d"No– ?= %).– . d'b|s– cd[t ck;]6 k|]; .

Dxu;o\ gfknfDx -;kgfdf e]l6Psf]_

;+:s[t efiffsf] dxfslj gf6ssf/ ef;sf] cd/s[lt …:jKgjf;jbQfÚ k"0ff{ÍL gf6ssf] cfwf/df s]lGb|t u/L gf6ssf/ ;Todf]xg hf]zLåf/f k|:t't ul/Psf] g]kfnefiffsf] k"0ff{ÍL gf6s Dxu;o\ gfknfDx -;kgfdf e]l6Psf]_ . :jKgjf;jbQf gf6s lqe'jg ljZjljBfnosf] g]kfnL PdPsf] ljifo cGt{ut of] ljifo klg k/]sf] x'gfn] ljBfyL{x¿sf] nflu ;d;fdlos / dxTjk"0f{ ljifo klg xf] .

s[lt–Dxu;o\ gfknfMDx -k"0ff{ÍL gf6s_. k|:t'lt–;Todf]xg hf]zL . k|sfzs– nf]s;flxTo kl/ifb\ av'+afxf, nlntk'/ . d'b|s– zfSo ck;]6 k|]; k|f=ln= . ;+:s/0f– < . d"No– ?= <

–;+of]hg– cld/