g] d'lgsf] ;Gb]z
;/f]h clwsf/L
xfn}sf] s'/f xf] Pp6f lzIfssf] ;fgf] 5f]/fn]
cfˆgf] afa';+u k|Zg u/]5 . a'af dnfO{ g]kfnsf] jt{dfg cj:yfsf] af/]df lgs} hfGg]
pT;'stf hfu]sf] 5 . tkfO{+ g}lts lzIffsf] lzIfs ePsf]n] s[kfo dnfO{ 5f]6s/Ldf
a'´fOlbg'xf];\ g < 5f]/f]sf] oqf] uxg k|Zg ;'g]/ klxn] t afa' 5Ss k/]5g\ clg lg/f; eP/
;f]Rg yfn]5g\ . o:tf] g}lts ktgsf] o'udf To;dfly ;a}lt/ nyflnË ePsf] a]nf s;/L
5f]/fnfO{ a'´fpg] b]zsf] jt{dfg cj:yf s:tf] 5 / b]zn] ;Dk"0f{ If]qdf slQsf] pGglt
ub{}5 eg]/ . pgn] 5f]/fnfO{ To;} 6fg{ vf]h]5g\ t/ 5f]/fsf] l9kLsf] cufl8 pgsf] s]xL
grn]kl5 pgn] 5f]/fnfO{ Pp6f lzIfssf] sf}zntf k|:t't ub}{ syfsf] ¿kdf g]kfnsf] cj:yf j0f{g
ug{ yfn]5g\ .
Psfb]zdf k[YjLdf g] gfdsf] Clifn] gfdfs/0f
u/]sf] Pp6f lxGb' b]z lyof] / 5 . To; b]zdf a:g] ;a} hgtf c;fWo} :jfledfgL / wfld{s
k|j[lQsf /x]5g\ . /fHosf] zf;g Joj:yf rnfpg] JolQmx¿ klg g}ltsjfg\ /x]5g\ . t/
;dosf] axfj;+u} ToxfFsf hgtfx¿ cwd{ / cg}lts x'Fb} uP5g\ . ToxfFsf g]tfx¿
cfkm"n] e|i6frf/ ug]{ t/ e|i6frf/ lj/f]wL efif0f u/]/ gyfSg] k|sf/sf eP5g\ .
/fi6«;]jsx¿ klg e|i6frf/ ug]{ 7fpFdf lgo'lQm lnP/ hfg w]/} 7fpFdf wfpg yfn]5g\ .
o'jfx¿ s'g} kbdf lgo'lQm kfpgsf nflu ;'?d} 7"nf] e]6L r9fP/ dflns l/´fO{
e|i6frf/nfO{ a9fjf lbg] vfnsf eP5g\ . Jofkf/Lx¿n] klg cfˆgf] Jofkfl/s wd{sf]
kfngf ug{ 5f8]5g\ / g]tf l/´fPsf] e/df cfˆgf] cg}lts Jofkfl/s :jfy{ l;4ug{
yfn]5g\ . clwsf+z hgtfx¿ klg e|i6 g]tfx¿nfO{ g} cfˆgf] cfbz{ dfGg
yfn]5g\ . k};f gx'g] / g}lts andfq x'g] s'g} klg JolQmsf] To; b]zdf OHht x'g
5f]8]5 . oxfF;Dd ls /fi6«s} k|lti7fdf cfFr cfpg] s'/fdf ;d]t ToxfFsf] hgtfsf] Wofg
ePg 5 . ;dfhdf klg cg}lts / e|i6frf/ JolQmx¿n] pRr :yfg / dof{bf k|fKt ug{
yfn]5g\ . e|i6frf/LnfO{ ;hfoF lbnfpg] cFux¿df sfo{/t sd{rf/Lx¿ ;d]t e|i6 x'b} uP5g\
clg ljåfg\x¿nfO{ klg cfˆgf] ljåttfdf eGbf rfs8L rfKn';Ldf a9L ljZjf; x'g
yfn]5 . u'?hgx¿ klg e|i6frf/Lx¿nfO{ g}lts an k|bfg ug{ yfn]5g\ . To; b]zsf]
cf/fWo b]jsf] ¿kdf k|Voft eujfg\ lzj kz'kltgfysf] dlGb/glhsaf6 aUg] jfudtL klg
k|b'"lift eOl5g\ . ToxfF kfgLsf] ¿kdf 9n aUg yfn]5 clg s]xL OdfGbf/ u'?x¿ hf]
To; b]zsf ljBfyL{x¿nfO{ lzIff lbGy] / g}lts aGg] k]|/0ff lbGy] ltgLx¿ klg Jofjxfl/s
hLjgdf g}lts d"No dfGotfsf] s'g} cy{ gePsf] / ;fdflhs ljs[ltn] hsl8Psf] ;dfh / b]zsf]
lau|Fbf] zf;g Joj:yf b]v]/ jfSs eP5g\ . ;dli6ut ¿kdf eGg] xf] eg] To; d'n'ssf] ;a}
If]qdf Jofks kfk, cg}ltstf, e|i6frf/, cwd{ a9]5 . cFWof/f] sf]7fleq s]xL pHofnf]sf]
ls/0f x'G5 eg]´} To; b]zsf s]xL ;Lldt JolQmx¿n] dfq g}ltstfnfO{ l6sfP/ /fv]sf
/x]5g\ . cg}ltsx¿s} /fh ePsf] To; b]zdf afFsL ar]sf s]xL g}ltsjfg\ hgtf s]xL jif{kl5
cfˆgf] b]zdf 7"nf] ;ª\s6 lglDtg] lglZrt ePkl5 b]znfO{ s;/L e|i6frf/, cGofo,
cg}ltstfsf] bnbnaf6 ptfg]{ eGg] pkfo ;f]Rg yfn]5g\ . g] Clif klg cfkm"n] To;
b]zsf] lau|bf] cj:yf b]v]/ lrlGtt eP5g\ / To; b]zdf a;f]af; ug]{ hgtfsf nflu Pp6f
;'´fjk"0f{ ;Gb]z k7fpg] lg0f{odf k'u]5g\ . afa' oL t eP g]kfnsf] ljut s]xL
bzsb]lv xfn;Dd ePsf k|ultx¿ ca d ltdLnfO{ jt{dfg cj:yf / eljiosf] nIfsf] af/]df atfp5' n
;'g . o:tf] c;Gt'lnt cj:yfaf6 u'h|b} cfPsf] ljZjsf] Psdfq lxGb'/fi6« g]kfnn] @! cf}+
ztfAbLdf kfOnf 6]Sof] ca o; b]zsf s]xL ;Lldt JolQmx¿ eP klg hf] Gofok|]dL, OdfGbf/,
wdf{Tdf, g}ltsjfg\ 5g\ ltgLx¿ ca t clt eof] /fi6«sf] nflu, s]xL u/]/} 5f8\g'k¥of] gq
xfd|f k'vf{x¿n] g} xfdLnfO{ lwSsfg]{5g\ eg]/ a8f] pT;fxsf ;fy nflukg{ tof/ ePsf
5g\ . ca hgtfsf] ;kgf slt ;fsf/ x'G5 Tof] eg] ;don] atfpg] s'/f ePsf] 5 h]xf];\ c;Dej
h:tf] b]lvPsf] e|i6frf/ lgd{"n kfg,]{ lx+;fsf] /fhgLltnfO{ /f]Sg], ;dfhdf g}ltsjfg\
JolQmsf] OHht k|lti7f sfod u/fpg] p2]Zon] s]xL ug]{ c7f]6sf ;fy cl3 al9/x]sf] g]tf /
hgtfx¿sf] ljZjf;sf] sb/ ub}{ g] Clifn] /fi6«sf gfddf Pp6f ;Gb]z klg k7fPsf 5g\ .
h;df pgn] n]v]sf 5g\ æ/fi6« ;fd' 7"nf] r'gf}tLsf] ¿kdf /x]sf] g}lts ktgsf] of]
o'uaf6 b]z / hgtfnfO{ d'lQm lbO{ k'gM ;'v, zflGt / ;Dj[l4 lbnfpg ;f]Rg;Dd cfF6 ug]{ ;a}
;Lldt g}ltsjfg\ g]tfx¿ / pgLx¿nfO{ ;fy lbg tof/ x'g] hgtfx¿nfO{ To; b]zsf] cf/fWob]j
>L kz'kltgfyn] cjZo klg zlQm k|bfg ug{'x'g]5 eGg] cfzf u/]sf] 5' . g}ltsjfg\ g]tf
/ hgtf s;/L agfpg] eGg] l;nl;nfdf xfn ljleGg ax;x¿ eO/x]sf 5g\ eGg] ;'g]sf] 5', h;nfO{
d}n] xfQLsf] b]vfpg] bfFt ;D´g] ls vfg] bfFt . xfdL ;a}nfO{ yfxf ePs} s'/f xf]
xfQLsf] b'O{7fpFdf bfFtx¿ x'G5g\ Ps hf]/ b]lvg] 7fpFdf h'g cd"No klg x'G5 / csf]{
bfFt h'g p:n] vfgsf] nflu k|of]udf Nofpg] ub{5 . d]/f] a|Dxn] b]v]cg';f/ xfn b]zdf
b]lvPsf] e|i6frf/, cwd{, cGofo, lx+;fsf] ?k klg To:t} xf] . aflx/L?kdf xfn e}/x]sf]
cg]sg ;fdflhs ljs[ltx¿ xfQLsf gb]lvg] bfFtx¿ x'g\ eg] vf]s|f] cfbz{, efif0f, gf/fjfhL
eg] b]vfpg] bfFt;+u t'ngf ug{ ;lsG5 . To;sf] ;dfwfgfy{ d}n] s]xL ;'´fjx¿ k7fPsf]
5' . To;nfO{ Wofgk"j{s dgg u/L b]zsf hgtfx¿n] kfngf u/]df ;a}sf] sNof0f x'g]
b]lvG5 . ;j{k|yd cwd{sf] lj?4 n8\g / b]zdf zflGt cdg rog Nofpg / k'gM g}ltsjfg\
JolQmx¿sf] ;dfhdf OHht xf];\ eGg] clek|fon] o1–dxfo1sf] cg'i7fg ug{'kg]{
b]lvG5 . clg ;Dk"0f{ g]tf / hgtfn] ldn]/ xfQLsf] zf/Ll/s ;+/rgf ljk/Ltsf] sfo{
ug{ h?/L 5 h;cg';f/ cfkm"n] ug]{ ;Dk"0f{ sd{– s'sd{x¿ xfQLsf] b]vfpg]
bfFth:tf] ;a}n] b]Vg] / d"Nofª\sg ug{;Sg] kf/b;L{ agfpg' k5{ clg dfq s;sf] sd{
cd"No k|sf/sf] 5 / s;sf] sd{ 3[l0ft k|sf/sf] 5 eGg] s'/f 5n{Ë x'G5 . ;dfhdf
;'sd{ ug]{ g}ltsjfg\ JolQmn] cfb/ kfpg] cj:yfsf] l;h{gf x'G5 . To:t} ToxfFsf
dg'iox¿n] cfˆgf] bfFtx¿sf] k|of]u eg] cfkm" ;'sd{ ug{sf nflu hLljt /xg vfgsf
nflu dfq u/]df o; b]z / hgtfn] ;'v k|fKt ug]{ lglZrt b]lvG5 . dnfO{ cfkm"n]
Gjf/g u/L gfdfs/0f u/]sf] To; b]zsf] w]/} dfof ePsf]n] g} d}n] of] ;Gb]z k7fPsf] x'F
. d]/f] ;Gb]znfO{ /fd|/L dgg u/]/ kfngf ug{', cGoyf s]xL jif{leq} clgi6 x'g] lglZrt
5 .Æ afa'sf] s'/f ;'g]/ ;fgf] 5f]/fn] k'gM hl6n k|Zg u¥of] æ clg a'af ca d cg}lts
/ e|i6frf/L JolQm ag]/ df]h u?F ls g}ltsjfg\ JolQm ag]/ xh'/n] h:t} b'Mv si6 vfpF < Æ
ljr/f afa'n] of] k|Zgsf] hjfkm 5f]/fnfO{ cfh;Dd klg lbg ;s]sf 5}gg\ . |
