Madhuparka 5 (Nepal)

df]bLa]gLsf] a|Dxgfn lznf

8f= /fhf/fd ;'j]bL

jt{dfgsfndf a|DxaGw'x¿ a9]sfn] a9\tf ljb]zL / afXo ;+:sf/x¿ a9]sf / cfˆgf df}lns / j}1flgs k/Dk/fx¿ x/fpFb} uPsf 5g\ . dfgj hLjgsf hGd, ljjfx, vfglkg tyf d[To' ;dfg / ;To s'/f x'g\ . To;df klg ;gftg wd{ dfGg]sf aLrdf 5'jf5'tsf] e]bn] g/fd|f] k|efj lj:tf/ ub}{ uPsf] 5 . cfˆg} aGw'x¿df To:tf] e]b /lx/xg' zf]efbfos dflgb}g . To;}n] dflysf rf/ k|sf/sf] ;To :jLsf/ u/L Tof] 5'jf5't x6fpg'k5{ . gofF k':tfn] Totflt/ Wofg lbg}kg]{ 5 . 5'jf5'tsf] sf/0f s] xf], To;sf] d"n vf]hL To;nfO{ x6fpg' 5 . ;+:sf/, kltof, rfGb|fo0f, sNk, a|t, lglbWofzg, lgod tyf cg'zf;g tof/ kf/L lj1hgn] Tof] sfd ug}{kg]{ ePsf] 5 . Tof] gubf{eGbf ubf{df O{Zj/sf] ;dfg b[li6 k|fKt x'g] lglZrt 5 . eujfg\ kz'kltdf c5'tx¿nfO{ /f]sfj6 5}g t/ ljwdL{nfO{ k|j]z lgif]w 5 . To;af6 s'/f ;a}n] a'‰g' k5{ .

eujfg\ kz'kltsf] O{zfg sf]0fdf jf;'lsgfusf] dlGb/ 5 . ToxfF o'uo'udf jf;'sL afaf a:by] . ;a}eGbf kl5 a:g] jf;'sL afafn] b'Uwfxf/ ub{y] . pgL cIf'tx¿sf] xftaf6 NofPsf] b"w klg u|x0f uy]{ . elgGYof], kfksd{ ug]{x¿n] pgsf] b'Uwfxf/ k'¥ofpFy] . To;/L b"w lgTo k'¥ofpg]df k|wfgdGqL rGb|zdz]/ lyP . Tof] b"w lkPsf jf;'lsafaf s"6efiff af]Nby] . pgL k|foM ufnL g} ub{y] / To;}n] pgnfO{ w]/}n] ?rfpFy] klg .

k"jL{ g]kfnsf] vf]6fªdf xn]Zj/, ;'g;/L If]qdf lk08]Zj/, klZrd g]kfnsf] ndh'ªdf O{zfg]Zj/, afFs]df afu]Zj/, ef/tsf] s'dfpFdf afn]Zj/, g]kfns} DofUbLdf un]Zj/x¿df eujfg\ z°/sf] ;fIfft\ bz{g x'g] kL7sf ¿kdf lnOG5 . tLdWo] ;tLb]jLsf] unf -s07_ ktg ePsf cfwf/df zflnu|fdf gbL / /x' u+uffsf cGtj]{bLdf :yflkt un]Zj/ cToGt} kljq If]q dflgG5 . ;f]xL un]Zj/b]lv klZrdkl§sf] kxf8L lsNnfnfO{ 9f]/n7fgf jf 9f]0fN7fg elgG5 . 9f]0fN7fg k"j{dWosfnaf6} ;Eotf ljsf; ePsf] 7fpF xf] . P]ltxfl;s dxTjsf j:t'x¿ ToxfF vf]hL ubf{ k|z:t e]l6Psf 5g\ . ;f] 9f]0fN7fgdf lj=;+= !@)) b]lv /h:yn /x]sf] s'/f kj{t l;NdL lgjf;L k|=c= afa'/fd ;'j]bLHo"sf] ;ª\u|xdf /x]sf] ;Ssn k|df0faf6 k'li6 ePsf] 5 .

u08sL c~rn sf:sL lhNnfsf] gfu8fF8f l;+kfnLdf ^% 3/ ;'j]bLx¿sf 5g\ . ;f] gfu8fF8f IF]q k"j{dWosfndf kGgfuljifo cGtu{t kb{Yof] / To;sf] k~rgfu If]q jf k~rsf]zL -k~rf;]_ s]Gb|:yn /x]sf] s'/f k~rsf]zL IF]qsf] cWoogaf6 v'Nb5 . gfu8fF8f l;+kfnL ufpFdf lj=;+= !%@$ df xfn DofUbL lhNnfsf] /fv'k'nf df}afkmfF6af6 kj{tsf /fhfsf u'? eO{ sfd ug]{ x]dGt/fh e§sf k'q h]7f kßkfl0fkfWof ;'j]bLnfO{ sf:sLsf /fhfn] latf{ lbPsf lyP . /fv'af6 lgh k'vf{nfO{ sf:sL NofpFbf ;'gsf gfDnfn] h]p? -8f]/L_ agfO{ af]sL NofPsfn] xfn;Dd pgnfO{ æ;'gh]p?afh]Æ egL b]jfnLdf ;D´f}6f] ul/+b} 5 . sf:sLsf /fhf s'nd08g zfx -vf; hultvf0f dxf/fh_n] kßkfl0fkfWofnfO{ NofPsf lyP . pgnfO{ l;DkfnLsf kf6f b'O{ ljtf{ u/L a;f]af; u/fPsf lyP . To; ljifos tfd|kqsf] gSsn k|sfzdf klg cfPsf] 5 . ;f] 7fpFdf xfn ;'j]bLx¿sf] a:tL 5Fb} 5 .

sf:sL gfu8fF8f dgf]/d k|s[ltsf] 7fpF xf] . To; 7fpFaf6 df5fsf] k'R5/ cfs[lt k/]sf] df5fk'5«] lxdfn x]g{ kfOG5 . gfu8fF8f l;DkfnL lgjf;L ;'j]bLx¿sf] latf{leqsf] If]q lyof] . l;DkfnLsf ;'j]bLx¿df Pp6f k|frLg k/Dk/f /lxcfPsf] 5 . Tof] k/Dk/fnfO{ a|Dxgfn ug]{ elgG5 . a|Dxgfn eGgfn] dfgj hGd / k'gh{Gdsf] bf];fFwdf ul/g], s}jNo ultsf lglDt ul/g], clGtd ljlw xf] . c?n] d/]kl5sf] zjnfO{ 3f6df nu]kl5 a|Dxgfn ljlw u5{g\ . t/ l;DkfnL lgjf;L ;'j]bLx¿df To;sf] cfˆg} df}lns z}nL /x]sf] 5 .

a|Dxgfndf s] s] ul/G5 .

eujfg\ kz'kltb]lv O{zfgtkm{sf] afudtL cfo{tLy{ jf cfo{3f6df $% l8u|L 9Ns] kf/]/ cf]5\ofOPsf sb a/fa/sf nfdf rKn]6L 9'Ëfx¿ 5g\ . dflg;sf] k|f0fjfo'n] 5f]8\g] a]nfdf dflg;nfO{ kz'kltsf] wd{zfnfdf nluG5 / 3f6] j}Bsf] hfFrkl5 k|f0f hfg] kSsf ePkl5 la/fdLnfO{ a|Dxgfn lznfdf nluG5 . a|Dxgfn ubf{ lz/ kz'kltlt/ / kfp afudtLsf hndf 6]sfOG5 . To;/L k|f0f hfg]n] hnof]u kfPsf] eGg] rng klg 5 . a|Dxgfndf k'u]sf ((=%8 dl/xfN5g\ eg] afFr]sf rdTsf/L x'g] ljZjf; ul/G5 . a|Dxgfn u/L k|f0fkv]? p8]sfx¿ df]If x'g], k'gh{Gd gx'g] ljZjf; ul/G5 . To:tf] df]Ifbf a|Dxgfnsf] :yfkgf slxn] eof], yfxf kfpg ;lsPsf] 5}g . t/ ToxfFsf] rrf{sf] ljifo kz'klt cfo{3f6sf] a|Dxgfn lznf geO{ kj{t lhNnf ;b/d'sfd s':df ahf/af6 g}CTo a8ufpF rf}/sf] tn df]bL / sfnL gbLsf] bf]efg, df]bLj]gLsf] a|Dxgfn lznf g} xf] .

u'NdL lhNnf w'sf]{6 sf]6ufpF lgjf;L :j= pdfgfy zdf{ kGyL l/8Lsf] kf7zfnfdf ;+:s[t k9fpFy] . pgn] zflnu|fd gbL -sfnLu08sL_sf] :t'ltufg ug]{vfn] Pp6f ;+:s[tkB s[lt k|sflzt u/fPsf 5g\ . Tof] uxg s[ltsf] gfd klg æu08sL uf}/jd\Æ /fv]/ sfnL u08sLsf] uf}/a a9fPsf 5g\ . ;f] u|Gy ;fg} 5 tfklg kl/>d / >4f ulx/f] b]lvG5 . To;sf] d"n hf]8 l/8L3f6df lbOPsf] klg a'l´G5 .

zflnu|fd gbLsf] dlxdf bfdf]b/ s'08b]lv lqj]0fL e}+;fnf]6g jfNdLls cf>ddf k'u]/ ;dfkg x'G5 . sfnL gbL ;Ktu08sLsf] u08L xf] . ;f] u08L IF]qdf ag]sf] b]j;ef :ynnfO{ u08Lu'Nd elgGYof] . lnR5ljsfndf klg u08Lu'Nd Ps dxTjsf] IF]q lyof] . pQ/dWosfndf u08Lu'Nd -lhNnf_ ljifo ag]sf] lyof] . cfhsn To;sf] k|ltlglwTj u'NdL lhNnfn] u/]sf] 5 . u08Lsf] k|ltlglwTj sfnLu08sLn] ul//x]sf] 5 .

cfif{ jfª\dodf :sGbk'/f0fsf] lxdjTv08df ;f] zflnu|fdf gbLsf] nfdf] JofVofg 5 . ToxfF df]bLgbL ldn]sf] 7fpFdf df]bLa]gLsf] klg rrf{ ul/Psf] kfOG5 . df]bL gbL cGgk"0f{ >[ª\vnfsf] df5fk'5|]sf] klZrdL wf/af6 aUb5 eg] k"jL{ wf/af6 dfbLgbL aUb} bdf}nLdf k'Ub5 / ;]tLdf ldl;G5 . df]bL gbLsf] d'xfgdf pka/fx tLy{:yn kb{5, hxfF lbgsf] afx|ah] Ps 3§ kfgL crfgs u8\sFb} kxf8af6 lg:sG5 . pkj/fx If]qdf k|To]s jif{ hg}k"l0f{dfsf] lbg d]nf nfUYof], t/ lj=;+= !($%df /h:jnf ePsL gf/L uPkl5 r6\ofª k/L hfq' d/] / hfqf nfUg} 5f]8of] . cfhsn klg s]xL tLyf{n'x¿ eg] hfFb} 5g\ . To:tf] kljq 7fpFaf6 pTkGg ePsf] df]bL gbL sfnL gbLdf ldNg uPsf] 7fpFnfO{ df]bLa]gL elgG5 . df]bL / sfnLsf aLrdf w]/} ufpFx¿ kb{5g\, h;nfO{ cGtj]{bL elgG5 . ljz]ifu/L s':df, r'jf, vGofxf, kfª, v'sf]{6, wfOl/ª, n]skmfF6, b'n'{ª, dNnfh, afh'ª bfªl;ª, l;s3f/ cGtj]{bLdf kb{5g\ . To; cGtj]{bL / To; j/k/ a;f]af; ug]{ dflg;x¿n] ;f]xL df]bLj]gLdf bfx;+:sf/ ub{5g\ . To; j/k/sf a;f]af; ug]{ ;'j]bLx¿n] cfˆgf af, cfdf, sfsf, sfsLx¿nfO{ df]bLj]gLsf 5]pdf k|f0f lj;h{g x'g] j]nfdf n}hfG5g\ / df]bLj]gLsf] a|Dxgfn lznfdf /fVt5g\ .

sf:sL l;DkfnL a:g] ;'j]bLx¿df Pp6f k|frLg uf}/jsf] k/Dk/f sfod 5 . sf:sLsf /fhf hnfn zfxsf] /fHosfndf kj{tsf /fhf;Fu ;DaGw lau|g uof] . lsgeg] hnfn zfxnfO{ kj{tsf of]4fn] ckx/0f u/L nu] . To;af6 l;DkfnLsf ;'j]bLx¿sf] a|Dxgfn ug]{ / bfx ;+:sf/ ug]{ df]bLj]gL 3f6df kj{tsf /fhfn] x6s u/] . l;DkfnL k+= ubfw/kfWof rf}aL;] /fhfsf u'? lyP / kj{tsf /fhf;Fu lalGt efp ubf{ klg 3f6 v'Ng g;Sbf kj{tsf /fhfnfO{ ? %.– lt/]/ df]bLa]gLsf] 3f6 k|of]u ug{ kfpg] eP . To; ljifodf æcGoqsf dflg;sf] a|Dxgfn tyf bfx;+:sf/ ug{ nfu]sf eP klg x6fO{ vfnL u/L ;'j]bLsf] bfx;+:sf/ ug{ lbg"Æ eGg] tfd|kq g} u/]sf lyP eGg] yfxf kfOG5, tfklg To;sf] df}lns kf7, clen]v, kfOPsf] 5}g . h'Dnflt/ gofF dflg;nfO{ æ3/ 3f6 sxfF xf] <æ egL ;f]Wg] rng 5 . l;DkfnLsf afl;GbfnfO{ To;/L ;f]w] eg] æ3/ l;DkfnL / 3f6 df]bLa]gL eGg] hjfkm kfOG5 .

l;DkfnLsf ;'j]bLx¿sf] cGTosfndf df]bLa]gLdf nfg ;Dej geP t'n;fsf] d}/Ldf /fv]sf] tLy{hn, ;'gkfgL / t'n;Lkq v'jfOG5 / df]bLj]gLsf] hn egL s'g} kfqdf /fvL kfp 8'afOG5 . d/]kl5 zjofqf df]bLj]gLdf ul/G5 . g;Sg]n] ;]tLgbLsf] d/] 3f6df n}hfg] k/Dk/f 5 . bfx;+:sf/ ubf{ æc:t'Æ l´lsG5 / df]bLj]gL k'¥ofP/ a|Dxgfn 9'Ëfsf] aLrdf 5'jfP/ bf]efgdf nuL hndf lj;h{g ug]{ k/Dk/f sfod} 5 .

df]bLj]gLsf] a|Dxgfn lznf klxn] kfgLs} ;txdf lyof], t/ ztfAbL;Dd k|fs[t lznfnfO{ hnn] lvofpFbf gbLsf] ;tx tn a|Dxgfn lznf dfly pqg uPsf] 5 . Tof] lznf kj{t, afUn'ª, :ofª\hf, u'NdL, c3f{vfFrL, DofUbLsf ;'j]bLx¿sf] bfx;+:sf/ ug]{ ;f´f:yn xf] eg] l;DkfnLsf ;'j]bLsf] clwsf/ .

df]bLa]gLsf] a|Dxgfn lznf dfgjlgld{t geO{ k|fs[t eP klg To; IF]qsf] ;f+:s[lts w/f]x/ dflgG5 . dWosfndf /fhgLlts sf/0fn] kj{tsf /fhfn] sf:sLsf /fhfsf u'?x¿nfO{ zjofqf ug{ k|ltaGw nufP klg l;DkfnLsf ;'j]bLx¿n] 3f6 TofUg rfx]gg\ . To;dfly pgLx¿sf] clwsf/ 7fGb}5g\ . To; k|sf/sf] clwsf/ c¿nfO{ lnO/xg cfjZos k/]sf] lyPg .

df]bLj]gL k|fs[t, ;f+:s[lts, wfld{s, /fhgLlts tyf cfly{s dxTj ePsf] ;Ëd xf] . o;sf b'j} lsgf/df k|frLg ;Eotfsf] ljsf; ePsf] s'/f d':tfªsf cf]8f/x¿df k|fKt ePsf ljleGg cjz]ifx¿af6 yfxf kfOG5 . dWosfndf t sfnL gbL ;Eotfsf] afxs ePsf] lyof] . rf}la;L /fHosf] d]?b08 g} sfnLu08sL ePsf] lyof] . wfld{s b[li6sf]0faf6 t sfnLu08sLnfO{ zflnu|fd gbL elgg] x'gfn] To;sf] dxTj clws 5 . o;sf t6df bfx;+:sf/ u/]df of uf8]df klg dflg;sf] z/L/ zflnu|fd aGb5 eGg] hg ljZjf; /lxcfPsf] 5 . zflnu|fd ;fIfft\ eujfg\ lji0f'sf] cjtf/ dflgG5 / lgTo k"hf ul/G5 .

df]bLa]gL cToGt} dxTjsf] 7fpF x'gfn] xfd|f k"j{hx¿n] To;sf] klxrfg u/]sf] a'l´G5 . xfd|f k/Dk/f / ;+:sf/x¿ slt j}1flgs lsl;dsf 5g\ tL ;a}nfO{ cEof; ubf{ xfdLn] slt ;ª\sf]r dfGg'kg]{ 5}g . xfdLn] To:tf] uxg IF]q / ;+:sf/k|lt s'g} jf:tf gu/L ljb]zL ef]ujfbL / ;Eotfsf] bf; x'Fb}uPsf 5f}+ . xfdLnfO{ hl8a"6Lsf] hËnaf/] yfxf x'Fb}g t/ ToxL hËnsf ´f/kftaf6 ag]sf cf}iflwsf uf]nL vf]hLvf]hL lsg]/ vfG5f}+ . xfdLn] k"hf ug]{ u/]sf nIdL, ;/:jtL, gfu, lji0f' lzj, ufO{, kj{t, gbL, r§fg / lktf–dftfsf] dxTj a'´]/ g} cufl8 a9\g ;lsG5 . xfdL k};fsf dfq bf; x'g' e"n xf] . k};feGbf ;+:s[lt slt u'gf 7"nf] s'/f xf] <

lxGb' hfltsf] d/0ff]Q/ ;+:sf/

j]bfGtL Clifs]z zdf{

j]b Pj+ cGo j]bf]lbt /rgfx¿ cg';f/ ;[li6stf{ k/a|Dx k/dfTdfsf] ¿k Pj+ nIf0fx¿df O{Zj/sf ¿knfO{ cljgfzL–cuf]r/– cb[Zo–cGtof{dL–c;+u¿k lrb|k–;b|'k–ceo¿k–k/dfgGb¿k–q1–cgGt¿k Pj+ ;j{Jofks OToflb zAb k|of]u ePsf 5g\ . lxGb' wd{n] k|fuM hGd k"j{hGdkl5sf] csf]{ hGdsf JofVofgx¿ dfly ljZjf; hufPsf] 5 . ;Dk"0f{ wd{u|Gyx¿sf cWoogsf] lgrf]8df 1ft x'g] >'lt jfSon] atfPsf] æPsf]M a|Dx låtLof]Mgfl:tÆ cyjf a|Dx jf O{Zj/ Pp6} x'g\ jf bf];|f] 5}g eg]/ r/fr/ a|Dxf08sf k|f0fLx¿df cfTdjt\ ¿kdf JofKt /x]sf lg/joj lgu'{0f lg/fsf/ tTjnfO{ sdf{WoIf / ;fIfL atfpFb} Pp6} O{Zj/sf] ;QfnfO{ dfg]/ cfTdjfbL l;4fGtnfO{ lz/f]k/ ug'{ g} ;gftg lxGb' wd{sf] d'Vo ljz]iftf xf] . pg} cljgfzL sdf{WoIf /x]sf cfTdfb]j z/L/af6 cnu eP/ uPkl5 ;fIfL ¿k cfTdb]jsf] ;dIfdf d[t hLjfTdfsf] p4f/ xf];\ eg]/ of] ;+:sf/ ;DkGg ul/g] lxGb' k/Dk/f 5 .

hLjsf tLgk|sf/sf z/L/df :y"n ;"Id / sf/0fdWo] :y"n z/L/sf] gfz ePkl5 g} z/L/sf] cGTo x'Fb}g . d[To' kZrft\ klg ;"Id / sf/0f z/L/ /x]sf x'G5g\ . ;"Id z/L/nfO{ :jKgfj:yfh:t} dflgof] / oxL z/L/n] :ju{ Pj+ gfgfk|sf/sf gs{ cflbsf] ef]u ug'{kb{5 . hfu|t cj:yfsf] :y"n z/L/ cfˆgf] k|f/Aw sd{ ;dfKt x'gf;fy df6f]df ldNg] z/L/ eof] / oxL z/L/n] u/]sf] z'efz'e sd{sf] kmn ;"Id / sf/0f z/L/n] kfpg] wfld{s dfGotf 5 .

d[tssf nflu h'g sd{sf08 ul/G5 To;sf] nfe d[t hLjfTdfn] lqmofsd{ ug]{ JolQmsf] >4fsf] dfWodaf6 k|fKt ub{5 . o;}sf/0f >4fk"j{s ul/g] d/0ff]Q/ ;+:sf/nfO{ >f4 sd{ klg eg]sf] 5 . o; >f4 sd{sf] k|f/De cl:y lj;h{gkl5 dfq z'? x'G5 .

d/0ff]Q/ ;+:sf/ cGTo]li6 ;+:sf/ ePsf] t]x| lbgkl5 ul/G5 . h'g lbg bfx lqmof ;DkGg x'G5 To; lbgnfO{ klg u0fgf ul/G5 . st}st} !@ lbgdf ;dfKt ug]{ kl/kf6L klg x'G5 . w]/}h;f] If]qdf b;f}+ lbg l9s'/f] kmf]/]/ cyjf l9s'/f] g/fVg]x¿n] klg z'l4 zflGt ug]{ rng 5 . To; lbg d[tssf glhs}sf gftfuf]tfx¿n] skfn sf6]/ kmfNg] klg ub{5g\ . !# cf}+ lbgsf] sfd ;s]/ dfq >f4 ;+:sf/ ;DkGg ug]{ ljwfg x'G5 . cGTo]li6 u/]sf] !# lbgkl5sf] d/0ff]Q/ ;+:sf/ of] zf]s–df]xnfO{ k"0ff{x"lt lbg] ljlwjt cfof]hgf xf] . j0ff{>d Joj:yf cg';f/ ljleGg hft hfltn] k/Dk/fut ¿kdf rn]/ cfPsf] /Llt–yLlt cg';f/ d/0ff]Q/ ;+:sf/ ;DkGg ug]{ rng 5 . t/ j]b Pj+ j]bf]lbt u|Gyx¿ / >f4 sd{ k4ltcg';f/ ;a} lxGb'x¿sf] !# lbg] ;+:sf/sf] ljwfg clgjfo{ atfPsf] 5 .

cfFugdf o1 j]bL agfP/ k"hg tyf xjgsf nflu h'g JolQmn] bfx ;+:sf/ ;DkGg u/]sf] x'G5 . ToxL JolQm g} o; ;+:sf/sf] d'Vo sfo{stf{ jf ohdfg aGg' kb{5 / To;}n] lbjËt cfTdfsf] zflGt–;b\ultsf nflu lgwf{l/t sd{sf08 k'/f]lxtn] eg] adf]lhd ub{5 . >f4 ;+:sf/ d/0ff]Q/sf] cltl/Qm lkt[kIfdf cyjf b]xfj;fg ePsf lbgdf klg ul/G5 . hLjfTdfsf zflGtsf nflu tLy{x¿df klg >f4 sd{ ug]{ ljwfg 5 . >f4 ;+:sf/sf nflu k"j{ Joj:yfcg'¿k ;fdfGo b]j k"hgsf cltl/Qm tk{0fsf ;fdu|L–lk08bfgsf ;fdu|L, k~ralnsf ;fdfg g}j]B cflb ef]Ho kbfy{ klxn] g} hDdf u/L /fVg'kb{5 . To;kl5 qmd}n] >f4–;+:sf/df b]jk"hg Pj+ tk{0fsf] ;fy–;fy k~ro1 ug]{ ljwfg klg clgjfo{ dflgG5 .

oL k~ro1df a|Dxo1, b]jo1, lkt[o1, e"t o1 Pj+ dg'io o1 x'G5g\ . logLx¿sf k|tLssf ¿kdf æalnj}Zo b]jÆsf] k"hfsf] k|lqmofsf] k"0f{ ug]{ kl/kf6L klg 5 . h:t} lkt[o1sf] nflu lk08bfg, e"t o1sf] nflu k~raln / dg'io o1sf nflu >f4 ;ª\sNk cflbsf] ljwfg 5 . b]jo1sf nflu ;Tk|j[lQ ;Daw{g, b]jblIf0ff ;ª\sNk tyf a|Dxo1sf nflu ufoqL ljlgof]u ug]{ ul/G5 . cGTo]li6sf] sd{ ug]{nfO{ k|wfg o1dfgsf] ¿kdf /fVg' kb{5 . ljz]if sfo{ jf s[To To;}af6 u/fOG5 . cGo ;DalGwtx¿nfO{ klg :jl:tjfrg o1fx'lt cflbdf ;lDdlnt u/fpg' pkof]uL x'G5 .

sd{sf k|f/Dedf odsf] k"hg x'G5 . lsgls odnfO{ d[To'sf b]jtf dflgG5 . ;[li6nfO{ ;Gt'ng–lgoGq0f agfP/ /fVgsf nflu d[To' klg Pp6f cfjZos k|lqmof xf] . od/fhsf] k"hgkl5 lkt[sf] cfJxfg k"hg ul/G5 . t[lKtsf] nflu tk{0f ug]{ sfd x'G5 . :ju{:y cfTdfx¿nfO{ t[lKt u/fpg s'g} klg ef}lts kbfy{n] t[lKt u/fpg ;ls+b}g . tk{0f lqmofnfO{ 5 efudf ljeQm u/]sf] 5 . logLx¿ b]jtk{0f, Clif tk{0f, lbJo–dfgj–tk{0f, lbJo– lkt[–tk{0f, od tk{0f, dg'io lkt[[ tk{0f x'g\ . To;kl5 låtLo uf]q tk{0f, cGo gftfuf]tfsf] tk{0f, j:q–lgikL8g, eLid tk{0f, cwf]ult eP/ d[To' ePsfx¿nfO{ tk{0f ug]{ qmd /x]sf] 5 . o;kl5sf] b]jfWo{bfg, b]j lkt[nfO{ gd:sf/, ;"of]{k:yfg, d'vdfh{g–:jtk{0f ul/;s]kl5 qmdzM a|Dxo1, b]jo1, lkt[ o1 Pj+ dg'io o1sf sfo{x¿ ul/G5g\ .

d/0ff]Q/ ;+:sf/sf] ;Gbe{df Pslqt ;a} s'6'Da Pj+ lxt}ifLx¿ Ps;fy a;]/ d[tfTdfsf] nflu :g]x Pj+ ;'v zflGt / df]Ifsf nflu :d/0f ub{5g\ . d[tfTdfsf] zflGt ;b\ultsf] nflu sfdgf JoQm ub}{ ;a}n] efjgfk"j{s % ldg6sf ufoqLdGqsf] hk ug]{qmd /xG5 . o;kl5 b]j o1df b]jtfsf j[lQx¿sf] kf]if0f ug]{ / b'ik|j[lQx¿sf] Tofu Pj+ ;Tk|j[lQx¿sf] cEof;sf pkqmd ckgfpg] ul/G5 . clg lkt[o1df lk08bfg ul/G5 . lk08x¿ cf–cfˆgf rng cg';f/ !^ j6f;Dd x'G5g\ . d/0ff]Q/ ;+:sf/df !@ lk08 bfg ug{ clgjfo{ x'G5 . lk08x¿ tof/ eO;s]kl5 xft hf]8]/ lk08 ;dk{0fsf] efjgf;lxt dGq k9]/ k6s–k6s lk08bfg x'G5 . o;kl5 e"to1 cyjf k~ralnsf] ljwfg ;DkGg ubf{ ef]Ho kbfy{ / bfnsf] d;]p/f % 7fpF /fv]/ To;df cIftf 5s{+b} alno1 ul/G5 . o;df kljqtfsf k|tLssf nflu dGq k9\b} ufO{sf lgldQ, st{Jolgi7fsf k|tLssf nflu s's'/sf lgldQ, lg/fzf lgjf/ssf nflu sfusf lgldQ, b]jTj ;Daw{g zlQmx¿sf] nflu b]jtfx¿nfO{, >dlgi7f Pj+ ;fd"lxstfsf] k|tLssf nflu sL/f km6]ª\u|fx¿nfO{ aln lbg'kb{5 .

k'/f0fdf eg]sf] 5 ls d/0ff]Q/ ;+:sf/sf] >f4sf] cGg klxn] h'g;'s} dxfTdfx¿nfO{ ck{0f ug'{ kb{5 . ;Gof;L ;fw' hftsf eP klg ;Gof;L ;fw' gldn]df h'g;'s} j0{f jf hftsf eP klg ul/a dfu]/ vfg] b'MvLx¿nfO{ lbg'kb{5 . To:tf klg gldn] cGTodf a|fDx0f Pj+ :jhgx¿nfO{ lbg'kb{5 . h;n] lkt[sfo{ >f4 cflbsf] cGg ul/a b'MvLnfO{ lb+b}g Tof] cGg /fIf;x¿n] dfq kfpF5g\ lkt[x¿n] kfpFb}gg\ . o;sf/0f d[ts ef]hsf] lj8Dagfdf gkm;]/ >f4 wg k/dfy{ k|of]hgsf nflu ck{0f ug'{ pQd dflgG5 .

o;kl5 sGof ef]h, bLg b'MvL, ckfË Pj+ cgfy 6'x'/f6'x'/Lx¿nfO{ h?/tsf lrh lbg' o; k|lqmofsf] k|tLsfTds pkrf/ xf] . o;sf] nflu lbOg] bfgsf] 3f]if0ff >f4 ;ª\sNksf] ;fydf g} ug'{kb{5 . o1sf] cGTodf clUg :yfkgf u/]/ ljlwjt ufoqL o1 Pj+ ;j{b]jx¿nfO{ ef]Ho kbfy{sf ¿kdf xf]dsf ;fdu|Lx¿n] ljz]if cfx'ltx¿ lbO;s]kl5 l:ji6s[t xf]d, k"0ff{x'lt cflb ;DkGg u/]/ ;dosf] ;LdfnfO{ x]/]/ o1sf] ;dfkg ;+If]kdf jf lj:tf/k"j{s ug'{kb{5 . o;kl5 lj;h{gsf] sfd cfpF5 .

lj;h{gsf] klxn] b'O{ yfnx¿df ef]hg ;hfP/ /fVg'kb{5 . o;df b]jtfx¿ / lkt[x¿sf nflu g}j]B clk{t ul/G5 . lkt[ g}j]Bsf] yfndf s'g} ;Gt dxGt cyjf dfGo jof]j[4 jf k'/f]lxtnfO{ ef]hg u/fOG5 tyf b]j g}j]B s'g} sGofnfO{ v'jfpg' kb{5 . clg qmdzM Ifdf k|fy{gf lk08df hn ;]+rg u/]/ lk08 lj;h{g, ltn cIftf 5/]/ lkt[ lj;h{g, km"n cIftf 5f]8]/ b]j lj;h{g ug'{k5{ . lj;h{g ul/;s]kl5 k~raln efu oyf:yfg k'¥ofpg' kb{5 . bf]af6f] cyjf rf}/fxfdf nu]/ kmfNg] ul/G5 . lk08 gbLdf lj;lh{t ug]{ jf ufO{nfO{ vfg lbg] rng 5 . o;kl5 lgwf{l/t qmdaf6 olb ;Gof;L, To; 7fpFsf b'MvL ul/a ckfË cGwf nf6fx¿ Pj+ cfˆgf Oi6ldq, sGof, a|fDx0f, dnfdLx¿, 5't c5't ;a}nfO{ ef]hg u/fOG5 . cGTodf ;+:sf/ ynfdf /flqdf lbof] hnfpg'kb{5 .

x/]s d'v] ?b|fIfsf] cfˆg} dxTj 5

cfrfo{ >L w|'j

ef/tLo pkdxfåLksf] e"ld k|frLgsfnb]lv g} Clifd'lg tyf b]jtfx¿sf] kljq tkf]e"ldsf] ¿kdf /x]sf] kfOG5 . oxfFsf] ;Dk"0f{ k|frLg ;+:s[ltdfly ;gftgsfnb]lv /lrPsf j]b, k'/f0f, pklgifb\, cfo'j]{b Pj+ cfWoflTds u|Gyx¿sf] cdL6 5fk k/]sf] 5 . k|s[ltsf ljlzi6 j/bfgdWo] …?b|fIfÚ Pp6f dxTjk"0f{ kmn xf] . h;nfO{ wf/0f u/]/ cfd hg;d'bfon] cfˆgf jt{dfg ;d:ofx¿sf] ;dfwfg k|fKt ug{ ;S5g\ . kf}/fl0fs u|Gysf cg';f/ eujfg\ lzjaf6 ?b|fIfsf] pTklQ ePsfn] o;nfO{ ;fIfft\ lzj¿k dflg+b} cfPsf] 5 .

…?b|fIfÚ ?b| Pj+ cIf zAbx¿sf] d]naf6 ag]sf] 5 . …?b|Úsf] cy{ lzj / …cIfÚsf] cy{ cfFvf x'G5 . jg:klt lj1fgdf …Olnof]sfk{; u]lg6/;Ú j+zsf] j[IfnfO{ ?b|fIf elgG5 . o;sf s'n !@# k|hfltx¿ 5g\, h;dWo] @% k|hfltx¿ ef/tsf] aËfn, c;d / g]kfn tyf e'6fgdf klg kfOG5g\ . g]kfn / adf{ ;a}eGbf a9L ?b|fIf lgof{ts /fi6« x'g\ .

?b|fIfsf] ¿v cfFksf] ¿v h:t} x'G5 / of] 5ftf ´}+ rf/}lt/ km}lnPsf] x'G5 . ?b|fIfsf] kmn -bfgf_ df Psb]lv !$ j6f;Dd /]vfx¿ x'G5g\ . kmndf hltj6f /]vf x'G5g\, To;nfO{ Tolt g} d'v] ?b|fIf elgG5 . ?b|fIfsf] pTklQ;DaGwdf sof}+ k|frLg dfGotfx¿ 5g\ . lzj k'/f0fdf pNn]v eP cg';f/, lqk'/f;'/;Fusf] o'4df b]jtfx¿sf] k/fhokZrft\ eujfg\ lzjn] xhf/f}+ jif{;Dd cfˆgf g]qnfO{ vf]lng} /fVg'eof] . o; …rf6sfÚ k4ltsf sf/0f lzj -?b|_ g]qdf pTkGg kL8fn] ubf{ g]qaf6 c>'wf/f aUg yfn] . k[YjLsf] h'g–h'g efudf cfF;' ´¥of], To;–To; 7fpFdf ?b|fIfsf la?jf pTkGg eof] .

wd{u|Gyx¿sf cg';f/, ?b|fIf wf/0f ug]{ JolStn] k/d ;f}efUo k|fKt u5{g\ / ;'vdo hLjg JotLt u5{g\ . ?b|fIfsf] cfs[lt / d'vsf] ;ª\Vof cg';f/ a]Unfa]Un} u'0f / k|efj x'g] s'/f klg zf:qx¿df atfOPsf] 5 . oxfF ljleGg k|sf/sf ?b|fIfsf] ;+lIfKt ljj]rgf ug]{ k|of; ul/Psf] 5 .

Psd'v]– of] ;j{u'0f ;DkGg Pj+ ;j{l;4 k|bfos dflgPsf] 5 . o;nfO{ wf/0fn] ug]{ df]If k|fKt u5{g\ . of] cToGt b'n{e x'G5 . o;sf] bz{gnfO{ klg k/a|Xdsf] bz{g a/fa/ dflgPsf] 5 .

b'O{d'v] – o;sf] wf/0f ug]{n] ;xh} dfgl;s zflGt k|fKt u5{g\ . kfl/jfl/s jftfj/0fnfO{ klg ;'vdo agfpg of] ;xof]uL x'G5 .

tLgd'v]– o;df ;Tj, /h Pj+ td tLg} u'0fx¿sf] ;dfj]z x'G5 . ljBfk|flKt Pj+ wgwfGo j[l4sf nflu of] nfebfos x'G5 .

rf/d'v]– o;n] dfgl;s lasf/x¿sf] ljgfz u5{ . o;nfO{ ;Gtfgf]TklQbfos klg elgPsf] 5 . o;n] zf/Ll/s :j:y 7Ls /fV5 tyf z/L/df wd{ Pj+ a'l4 ljsf;sf] efjgfnfO{ ;d[4 agfpF5 .

kfFrd'v] – o;n] tflGqs s'k|efjx¿af6 arfp u5{ . x[bo /f]u Pj+ /St;DaGwL ljsf/nfO{ x6fpF5 .

5 d'v]– zf]wsfo{ ug]{ 5fq5fqfx¿sf nflu, rd{ /f]u, g]q / x[bo /f]usf nflu nfebfos dflgG5 . /fhgLlts kb k|lti7f j[l4, /fHo;Qf k|flKt Pj+ zq'x¿dfly ljho, k9fOdf sdhf]/ ljBfyL{ tyf qmf]w zflGtsf nflu klg nfesf/L x'G5 .

;ftd'v]– o;nfO{ wf/0f ugf{n] Jofkf/ Pj+ pBf]udf j[l4 x'G5, cfWoflTds zlSt k|fKt x'G5 . afxg rfnssf nflu klg of] nfebfos x'G5 . o;afx]s SofG;/, x[bo3fts /f]u, jfo'ljsf/, dgf]/f]u, rd{/f]u, si6/lxt k|;j, v'§f;DaGwL /f]ux¿ tyf ljif Joflw cflbdf klg nfesf/L x'G5 .

cf7d'v]– o;n] dflg;nfO{ ;a}h;f] afwf Jojwfgx¿af6 d'lSt k|bfg u5{ . cNkd[To' Pj+ b'3{6gfaf6 5'6sf/f lbnfpF5 . a'l4sf] ljsf; Pj+ cx+sf/sf] gfz u/fpF5 .

gf}d'v]– o;nfO{ lzjhLsf ;fwsx¿n] cjZo wf/0f ug'{k5{ . o;n] zlQm Pj+ dgf]an a9fpF5 . tflGqs ;fwgf Pj+ gju|x zflGtsf nflu of] nfesf/L x'G5 . bfofF–afofF b'j} kfv'/fdf afFWgfn] ;Dk"0f{ clgi6sf] gfz u5{ tyf ;j{q d+un k|flKt x'G5 .

bzd'v]– o;nfO{ wf/0f ugf{n] eo gfz x'G5 / ;fx;df j[l4 x'G5 . ;j{u|x zflGt x'G5 . zq'dfly ljho kfpg ;lsG5 . Jofkf/ Pj+ pBf]udf klg k|ult x'G5 .

P3f/d'v]– ;j{q ljho, ;'vzflGt, Psxhf/ cZjd]w o1 tyf xhf/f}+ uf}bfg u/]sf] hlQs} k'0o k|flKt Pj+ ;Gtfg k|flKtsf nflu wf/0f ul/G5 .

afx|d'v]– o;nfO{ wf/0f ugf{n] dflg;sf] z/L/ ;"o{ ;dfg t]lhnf] x'G5 . zf/Ll/s Pj+ dfgl;s kL8faf6 d'lQm ldN5 . lbJo zlQmx¿nfO{ k|fKt u/fpF5 . of] cToGt zlQmzfnL Pj+ rdTsf/L x'G5 .

t]x|d'v]– ;GtfgxLgtfaf6 d'lSt, ;Ddf]xg Pj+ a+zLs/0f tyf ofqfdf kmnbfoL x'G5 . o;n] ;Dk"0f{ sfdgfx¿nfO{ k"/f u5{ .

rf}wd'v]– o;nfO{ ljZj sNof0fsf/L ljBfk|bfos, ef}lts Pj+ cfWoflTds ;'vx¿ k|bfg ug]{ tyf zf/Ll/s Pj+ dfgl;s ljsf/x¿nfO{ x6fpg] dflgPsf] 5 . o;}u/L rf}weGbf a9L /]vf ePsf ?b|fIfx¿ klg ljljw u'0f / zlQmn] o'St dflgPsf 5g\ . k|foM tL ?b|fIfx¿ ;xh} k|fKt gx'g] ePsfn] ltgsf] j0f{g oxfF ul/Psf] 5}g . k'/f0fflb u|Gyx¿df klg ltgsf] j0f{g k|foM kfOFb}g .

wf/0f ljlw– ?b|fIfnfO{ z'e d'x"t{df wf/0f ug'{k5{ . o;sf lglDt lgDg ;do pko'Qm x'G5 . u|x0f, d]if ;+qmflGt, k"l0f{df / cdfj:of -cf}+;L_df o;nfO{ wf/0f u/]kl5 kmn kfOG5 . n;'g, Kofh, df;', dlb/fsf] ;]jg jlh{t dflgPsf] 5 .

;SsnL ?b|fIfnfO{ lrGg] b'O{j6f pkfox¿ 5g\ . klxnf] kfgLdf 8'Ag'k5{ / bf];|f] ljlwdf olb b'O{j6f tfdfsf] k};fsf] aLr /fv]/ lyRbf ;SsnL ?b|fIf eP t'?Gt} ljk/Lt lbzfdf 3'Dg yfN5 . t/, gSsnL ?b|fIf 3'Db}g .

?b|fIfnfO{ /ftf], sfnf] jf ;]tf] wfuf]df pg]/ wf/0f ug'{k5{ . !)* k6s uËfhn 5s]{/ j]nkq r9fP/, lzjlnË;Fu :kz{ u/fO{ …ç gdM lzjfoÚ sf] dGq hk u/]/ wf/0f ug'{k5{ . lau|] eTs]sf], km'6]sf], Kjfn k/]sf], sL/f nfu]sf] ?b|fIf slxNo} wf/0ff ug'{ x'Fb}g .