Madhuparka (Mullekh (Nepal) )

wfld{s / ;f+:s[lts ;lxi0f'tfsf] kj{ M a8f bz}+

t'n;Lxl/ sf]O/fnf

xfdL g]kfnLx¿ cfˆg} k|sf/sf] wfld{s / ;f+:s[lts k/Dk/fn] ;d[4 5f}+ . oxL k/Dk/f g} xfd|f] uf}/j ug]{ d"n klxrfg klg ePsf] 5 . xfd|f] wd{, ;+:s[lt, /Lltl/jfh / o;}sf cfwf/df l;h{gf ul/Psf snfsfl/tfx¿af6 ljZjd} kl/lrt 5f}+ . xfd|f] d'Vo w/f]x/ eGg' g} ;f+:s[lts ul/df xf] / o;sf cfˆg} dxQ\j / ljz]iftfx¿ /lxcfPsf kfOG5g\ . xfd|f o:tf ;f+:s[lts ;+jfxsdf xfdLn] k/Dk/fut¿kdf dgfpFb} cfPsf rf8kj{x¿ kb{5g\ . o:tf rf8kj{x¿df c6"6 cf:yf, ljZjf; / g}ltstf klg hf]l8b} cfPsf] kfOG5 . cf:yf, ljZjf; / g}ltstfn] cf]tk|f]t ePsf], d'VotM lxGb' wdf{jnDaLx¿sf] / To;df klg g]kfnLsf] dxfg\ rf8sf ¿kdf a8fbz}+nfO{ lnOG5 . /fli6«o kj{sf ¿kdf w"dwfd;fy dgfOg] rf8 bz}+sf] cfˆg} k|sf/sf] wfld{s dxQ\j / ul/df /lxcfPsf] 5 . z/b Ct'df dgfOg] of] /fli6«o kj{nfO{ jif{el/sf rf8x¿sf] …/fhfÚ sf ¿kdf gfd lnOg] ul/G5 .

wfld{s dxQ\j

dxlif{ j]bJof;åf/f /lrt !* k'/f0fx¿dWo]sf] Ps …dfs{08]o k'/f0fÚdf cfwfl/t 5 a8fbz}+ kj{ . b]jL dfxfTDosf ¿kdf o;} k'/f0faf6 lgsflnPsf] …;KtztL r08LÚdf cfwfl/t eP/ bz}+ dgfOG5 . dfs{08]o k'/f0faf6 lgsflnPsf !# cWofox¿ ;dfj]z ul/Psf 5g\ …b'uf{ ;KtztLÚdf . dfs{08]o k'/f0f / b]jL efujt g} !* k'/f0fx¿dWo] zlQm:j¿kfsf] dlxdf pNn]v ul/Psf d'Vo k'/f0fx¿ x'g\ .

b'uf{ ;KtztLdf pNn]v ePcg';f/, z'De / lgz'De gfdsf b'O{ bfgjn] :ju{, dTo{, kftfn tLg} nf]sdf o'4 u/]/ ljho k|fKt u/L b]jtfx¿nfO{ :ju{af6 lj:yflkt u/fP . /fIf;sf] c/fhstfaf6 b]jtfx¿ qflx–qflx eP . pgLx¿n] bfgjsf] ;+xf/ u/L cfkm"x¿sf] p4f/ ug{ lqb]jnfO{ klg u'xf/] . lqb]jn] klg pgLx¿nfO{ cfkm"x¿n] s]xL ug{ g;Sg] / pgLx¿sf] cGTo ug{ zlQmsf] pkf;gf ug'{kg]{ ;Nnfx lbPkl5 b]jtfx¿n] dftf b'uf{ ejfgLsf] k"hf–cf/fwgf ug{ yfn] . dxf?b|s} Ps c+zsf ¿kdf /x]sL b'uf{ ejfgL b]jtfx¿sf] k|fy{gfaf6 k|;Gg x'g'eO{ cflZjg z'Sn ci6dLsf lbg /flqsf] ;dodf …sfnLÚsf] ¿kdf k|s6 x'g'eO{ b]jtfx¿nfO{ qf0f lbg'eof] . b'uf{ ejfgLsf] sfnLsf] ¿kn] bzdLsf lbg z'De / lgz'De gfdsf z"/jL/ bfgjx¿sf] aw u/]/ :ju{, dTo{, kftfn tLg} nf]snfO{ bfgjL cft°af6 d'Qm u/fOlbg'eof] . zlQm :j¿kfaf6 bfgjx¿sf] cGTo ul/Psf]df tLg} nf]sdf v';L dgfOof] . b]jLsf] k"hf–k|fy{gf u/L b]jLsf] k|;fbsf ¿kdf 6Lsf nufP/ v';L dgfpg yflnof] . of] v';L dgfpg] qmd ;To, q]tf, åfk/, snL rf/} o'udf rNb} cfof] / dfgj ;Eotfsf] ljsf;;Fu;Fu} lg/Gt/tf kfof] . xfd|f wd{zf:qx¿df of] / o:t} cGo k|;Ëx¿df klg gf/LnfO{ ;Dk"0f{ zlQmsf] clwi7fqLsf] ¿kdf ljj]rgf ul/+b} cfPsf] kfOG5 . bfgjL zlQmsf] b]jL ejfgLaf6 ePsf] ;+xf/sf] v';Ldf a;]{lg xfdLx¿n] v';L dgfpFb} cfPsf 5f}+ .

afNdLls /fdfo0fsf] ;Gbe{

afNdLls /fdfo0fdf pNn]v ePcg';f/, /fhf bz/ysf 5f]/f /fdnfO{ jgjf; k7fOPkl5 pxfFsL cwf{lËgL ;Ltf / efO nId0f klg ;fy} nfu]/ jgjf; hfg'ePYof] . jgjf;s} ;dodf n°flwklt /fj0fn] 5n u/]/ ;LtfnfO{ x/0f u/]/ n°f nu]kl5 /fj0fnfO{ k/flht u/L ;LtfnfO{ d'Qm u/fpgsf nflu /fdn] gf} lbg;Dd b]jLsf] k"hf cf/fwgf ug'{ePsf] lyof] . b]jLsf] cf/fwgfaf6} zlQm k|fKt u/]/ /fdn] /fj0fsf] aw ug{ ;Dej ePsf] lyof] elgPsf] 5 . x'g t n°flwklt /fj0f / pgsf 5f]/f OGb|hLt klg zlQmsf pkf;s lyP t/ 3d08L /fIf;L :jefj ePsf sf/0f OGb|hLtsf] b]jLsf] cf/fwgf k"0f{ x'g kfPg . /fdsf ;]gfåf/f p;sf] pkf;gf klxn] g} layf]lnof] . :jod\ /fd klg eujfg\ lji0f'sf] cjtf/ ePsf / b]jL zlQmsf] gf} lbg;Ddsf] pkf;gfaf6 b]jL k|;Gg ePsf sf/0f /fj0fsf] aw u/L ;LtfnfO{ n°faf6 lkmtf{ Nofpg ;Dej ePsf] lyof] . o;} ;dob]lv b'uf{ ejfgLnfO{ zlQmsf] k|tLssf ¿kdf k"hfcf/fwgf ug]{ k|rng rNb} cfPsf] xf] . of] ;Gbe{nfO{ klg b]jL efujt / b'uf{ ;KtztLs} k"/ssf ¿kdf x]g{ ;lsG5 . /fdåf/f /fj0fdfly ljho k|fKt u/]sf] v'l;ofnLdf dgfOg] xiff]{Nnf;sf] rf8nfO{ a8fbz}+eGbf klg r}q dlxgfdf dgfOg] r}t] bz}+df hf]8\g ;lsG5 .

zlQm :j¿kfsf] dlxdf

b'uf{ ;KtztL r08Ldf b'uf{ ejfgLsf] cf/fwgfsf] dGqf]Trf/0f o;/L ul/Psf] 5–

æhoGtL dËnfsfnL eb|sfnL skflngL
b'uf{Ifdf lzjf wfqL :jfxf :jwf gdf]:t' t] .Æ

of] dËnfr/0fsf] Znf]sn] b]jLnfO{ ;Dk"0f{ ;[li6 k|k~rwfl/0fL zlQmsf ¿kdf dfg]sf] 5 . zlQm :j¿kfsf cf7 :j¿kx¿df OGb|fo0fL, j}i0fjL, dx]Zj/L, sf}df/L, rfd'08f, a|fXdL, af/fxL / dxfnIdL dflgG5g\ . b]jLsf oL :j¿kx¿nfO{ …ci6dft[sfÚ elgG5 . oL :j¿kx¿ b'uf{s} cËsf ¿kdf :jLsf/ ul/Psf eP klg dlxiff;'/ dlb{gL b'uf{;d]t u/L …gjb'uf{Úsf ¿kdf b]jLsf] k"hf–cf/fwgf ug]{ u/]sf] kfOG5 . ljleGg /fIf;x¿n] leGg–leGg ;dodf b]jftfx¿nfO{ b'Mv lbPsf / zlQmsf ljleGg :j¿kn] /fIf;x¿sf] aw u/]sfn] zlQm :j¿kfnfO{ ljleGg gfdn] k'sfl/g] u/]sf] wd{ zf:qx¿df kfOG5 .

b]jLsf] cf/fwgfsf] dxQ\jk"0f{ dGqf]Trf/0fsf ¿kdf æç P]+ lNx+ lSN+x rfd'08fo} laRr}Æ nfO{ ;KtztL r08Ldf pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 . of] dGqaf6 b]jL k|;Gg eO{ k|fy{gfstf{sf] dgf]sfdgf k"/f ul/lbg] ljZjf; /lxcfPsf] 5 . dfs{08]o k'/f0f / b]jL efujt k'/f0fx¿df b]jLsf] dfxfTDosf] k|z+;f / cf;'/L zlQmsf] cGTosf ;DaGwdf Jofks¿kdf pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .

j}lbs k/Dk/fb]lv g} zlQmsf] pkf;gf ug]{ k|rng rNb} cfP/ dfgj ;Eotf;Dd cfOk'u]sf] b]lvG5 . lxGb' wd{sf] ;j{k|frLg u|Gy j]bdf ljleGg b]jtfx¿sf] pNn]vsf cltl/Qm zlQm b]jLsf] klg pNn]v kfOG5 . CUj]bdf /frL, piffsf] ;fy;fy} jfSb]jLsf] gfdaf6 b]jLsf] k"hf–k|fy{gf ug]{ k|rng pNn]v 5 . /frLnfO{ OGb|sL kTgL, piffnfO{ c?0ff]bosL b]jL tyf jfSb]jLnfO{ ljleGg b]jtfx¿sL zlQm :j¿kfsf ¿kdf pNn]v ul/Psf] kfOG5 .

o:t}, pklgifb\x¿df klg zlQm :j¿kfsf] pNn]v ul/Psf] kfOG5 . To;a]nf gf/L zlQmnfO{ k|s[lt / k'?if;Fu ufF;]/ x]l/GYof] . pklgifb\sf] syfcg';f/ b]jLn]–æd} a|Xdfsf] ¿k x'F, daf6} k|s[lt / k'?ifsf] ¿k of] r/fr/ hut\sf] pTklQ ePsf] xf],Æ elgPsf] 5 . zlQmnfO{ pklgifb\x¿n] ?b|:j¿k;Fu} hf]8]sf 5g\ / kl5sf cGo u|Gyx¿n] klg lzjsL zlQmsf] ¿kdf :jLsf/ ub}{ cfPsf 5g\ .

dxfef/t sfndf klg zlQm k"hfsf] dxQ\j /lxcfPsf] kfOG5 . dxfef/tsf] eLid kj{df pNn]v ePcg';f/, >Ls[i0fn] ch'{gnfO{ ljho k|fKt ug{sf nflu b'uf{ ejfgLsf] pkf;gf ug{ nufPsf lyP . dxfef/ts} lj/f6\ kj{df klg o'lwli7/n] cfˆgf ;a} efOx¿;lxt b]jLsf] :t'ltufg u/]sf lyP . zlQm k|fKt ug{ / ;kmntf xft kfg{sf nflu b]jLsf] k|fy{gf / k"hfnfO{ dxQ\jk"0f{ dfg]sf] kfOG5 .

dxlif{ j]bJof;åf/f /lrt a|Xdj}jt{ k'/f0f, s'd{ k'/f0f, xl/j+z k'/f0f / dfs{08]o k'/f0fdf b]jLsf] dfxfTDonfO{ bzf{pg] cg]sf}+ k|;Ësf syfx¿sf] pNn]v kfOG5 . dfs{08]o k'/f0fdf dlxiff;'/ dlb{gL eujtLnfO{ lzj, lji0f' / a|XdfsL ;+o'Qm t]hsL c+z dflgPsf] 5 . dw's}6a, w|"d|nf]rg, r08–d'08 nufotsf bfgjx¿sf] ;+xf/ b]jL zlQmaf6} ePsf] pNn]v kfOG5 . z'De–lgz'Desf] cTofrf/af6 cftl°t ePsf b]jtfx¿n] zlQm:j¿kf kfj{tLsf] k|fy{gf u/]kl5 pgsf] z/L/af6 …clDasfÚ k}bf eOg\ . log} zlQmn] r08d'08 /fIf;nfO{ klg df/]sf] x'gfn] …rfd'08fÚ klg elgPsf] 5 . b]jLsf log} ljljw zlQm ¿knfO{ dfs{08]o k'/f0fdf vf;u/L gf} ¿kdf JofVof u/]sf] kfOG5–z}nk'qL, a|Xdrfl/0fL, rGb|306f, s'idf08f, :sGbdftf, sfTofofgL, sfn/flq, dxfuf}/L / l;l4bfqL . z'De–lgz'Desf] ;+xf/ ubf{sf] cj;/df zlQm :j¿kfn] cfˆgf oL ;a} ¿ksf] k|of]u u/]sf] syg 5 .

zlQmsf] pkf;gfn] g/fd|f kIfsf] cGTo eO{ ;'v, zflGt / ;d[l4 k|fKt x'g] kf}/fl0fs dfGotfn] dfgj ;+:sf/df klg h/f uf8\b} cfP/ 7"nf] rf8s} ¿k lnPsf] x'g'k5{ . oxL ;+:sf/ / ;+:s[ltsf] rf8 xf]– xfd|f] /fli6«o kj{ a8fbz}+ .

bz}++sf] P]ltxfl;s kIf

bz}+ zAb ltlydf cfwfl/t dflgG5 . ;+:s[tsf] …bzdLÚ ltlyaf6 bz}+ ePsf] xf] cyf{t\ bz}+df ;a}eGbf dxQ\jk"0f{ eg]s} 6Lsf–k|;fb xf]Ù of] bzdLsf lbg ;DkGg x'G5 . g]kfndf of] rf8 slxn]b]lv dgfpg yflnPsf] xf] eGg] vf;} k|df0fx¿ gkfOP tfklg O{;fsf] k|f/Delt/ …ci6dft[sfÚ sf d"lt{x¿ alg;s]sf k|df0fx¿ kfOPsfn] To;a]nf klg b]jL k"hfsf] k|rng lyof] eGg ;lsG5 . kf6g Rof;nsf] lnR5ljsfnLg clen]vdf …gf/fo0f b]js"n bzdL uf]i7LÚ egL pNn]v ul/Psf] kfOPsf]n] bz}+sf] k"hfnfO{ ;°]t u/]sf] a'l´G5 . dfgb]j k|ydsf] kfnfdf g} knf~rf]sdf ljhoZj/L b]jLsf] :yfkgf ePsf] kfOG5 . c+z'jdf{n] klg >L b]jL / ifi7L b]jLsf] :yfkgf u/]sf lyP eGg] pNn]v j+zfjnLdf kfOG5 . pkTosfsf zf]ef eujtL, gS;fn eujtLsf d"lt{x¿ klg lnR5ljsfnLg snfs[lt dflgG5g\ .

To:t}, dNn sfndf cfP/ tn]h' ejfgLnfO{ …Oi6b]jLÚs} ¿kdf dfg]sf] kfOG5 . o; ;dodf blIf0fsfnL, u'Xo]Zj/L, eb|sfnL, ;fFv'sf] ah|of]lugL / rfkfufpFsf] ah|af/fxL h:tf zlQmkL7x¿sf] :yfkgf x'g'n] b]jL zlQmsf] Jofkstf ´g\ a9]sf] k'li6 x'G5 . oL zlQmkL7x¿sf] ljleGg kj{x¿df k"hfcr{gf ul/G5 eg] bz}+df t ´g\ ljz]if k|sf/n] k"hf–cf/fwgf ug]{ k/Dk/fh:t} algcfPsf] 5 . To:tf zlQmkL7x¿df– gS;fn eujtL, u'Xo]Zj/L, d}tLb]jL, sflnsf b]jL -l8NnLahf/ sflnsf:yfg_, eb|sfnL, z°6f, dxfFsfn, g/b]jL, zf]ef eujtL, ljhoZj/L, OGb|fo0fL, blIf0fsfnL cflb dxQ\jk"0f{ 5g\ .

bz}+ s;/L dgfOG5 <

b}jL zlQmn] cf;'/L zlQmdfly ljho k|fKt u/]sf] v'l;ofnLdf ljhof]Nnf; dgfOg] k|rng cg';f/ bz}+ kj{ dgfOFb} cfPsf] 5 . rNb} cfPsf] k|rng cg';f/ bz}+df 36:yfkgfb]lv b]jLsf] k"hf–k|fy{gf k|f/De ul/G5 . cf}+;Laf6 k|f/De eP/ k"l0f{dfsf lbg bz}+ lj;h{g ul/G5 . bz}+ ;'? x'g] cf}+;LnfO{ hdf/] cf}+;L elgP klg cf}+;Ldf hd/f g/fvL 36:yfkgfsf lbg /flvG5 . z'4 rf]vf] :yfgdf jf k"hf3/df b'uf{ ejfgLsf] :yfg agfP/ gf} lbg;Dd k"hf–kf7 ug]{ k|rng 5 . b}lgs¿kdf ci6dft[sfsf] / hd/fsf] k"hf ul/G5 / ;KtztL r08L kf7 ul/G5 . ;KtdLdf km"nkftL leq\ofpg] / ci6dLdf b]jLnfO{ af]sf, /fFuf, xfF;, s'v'/f, k/]jf, s'le08f], l3/f}+nf] cflbsf] aln lbOG5 . b]jLnfO{ cf;'/L zlQmdfly ljho k|fKt ug{ c´} ;xof]u k'lu/xf];\ egL cfˆgf 3/df ePsf ljleGg xltof/x¿ klg b]jLnfO{ r9fP/ k"hf ug]{ k|rng /lxcfPsf] 5 . ci6dLsf lbg sfn/flq ug]{ k/Dk/f klg kfOG5 . dxfgjdLdf klg b]jLnfO{ aln r9fOG5 . bzdLsf lbg dfGohgsf xftaf6 6Lsf–hd/f nufOG5 . o;lbg xf]d–o1flb u/L b]jL k"hfnfO{ lj;h{g ul/P klg k"l0f{df;Dd 6Lsf–hd/f nufpg] k|rng /lxcfPsf] 5 . 6f9f–6f9faf6 klg dfGohgsf] xftaf6 6Lsf yfKg cfkmGtx¿ cfpg] ePsfn] klg sf]hfu|t k"l0f{df;Dd 6Lsf nufpg] k/Dk/f /x]sf] x'g;S5 . uf]vf{, ndh'ª, tgx"Fnufotsf s]xL lhNnfx¿df eg] bzdLsf lbgdfq} 6Lsf nufpg] u/]sf] klg kfOG5 .

b]jL3/x¿ / sf]6x¿df klg k|;fb nufOG5 . >L % tyf >L % a8fdxf/fgLnufot /fhkl/jf/sf cGo ;b:ox¿af6 pkl:yt hg;d'bfonfO{ bzdLsf lbg 6Lsf–hd/f alS;g] k|rng klg /fhwfgLdf sfod 5 .

sf]hfu|t k"l0f{dfsf /ftdf sf] sf] g;'tL hfu|fd a;]sf 5g\ egL b'uf{ ejfgLaf6 3/3/df x]b}{ lxF8\g] ePsfn] /fte/ hfu|fd a;L k"hf ug'{k5{ eGg] dfGotf cg'¿k /dfOnf] u/]/ /fte/ a:g] u/]sf] klg kfOG5 .

bz}+sf] cfzLj{rg

dfGohgx¿af6 6Lsf–hd/f nufOlbFbf ljleGg cfzLj{rgx¿ pNn]v ul/G5g\ / ;'v, zflGt Pjd\ ;d[l4sf] sfdgf ul/G5 . 6Lsf nufOlbFbf lbOg] ul/Psf] d"n cfzLj{rgsf ¿kdf oxL Znf]s k|rngdf /x]sf] kfOG5–

æcfo'M b|f]0f;'t] l>o+ bz/y] zq'Ifo+ /f3j]
P]Zjo{+ gx'if] ultZr kjg] dfg~r b'of]{wg]
bfg+ ;"o{;'t] an+ xnw/] ;To+ r s'GtL;'t]
lj1fg] ljb'/] ejtL ejtf+ sLlt{Zr gf/fo0f] .Æ

of] cfzLj{rgdf ;To, q]tf / åfk/ o'udf cf–cfˆgf] sd{af6 Voflt sdfpg ;kmn ePsf dxfg'efjx¿sf gfd / sLlt{x¿ hf]l8Psf 5g\ . ltd|f] cfo' b|f]0ffrfo{sf 5f]/f -cZjTyfdf, hf] ci6lr/~hLjLdWo] kb{5g\ ._ sf] h:tf] bL3{hLjL xf];\, wg–;DklQ bz/y /fhfsf] h:tf] xf];\, cfˆgf zq'x¿ gfz ug]{ ;fdYo{ /f3j -bz/y /fhfsf 5f]/f /fdrGb|_ sf] h:tf] xf];\, ;'v–;Ddfgdf gx'if /fhfsf] h:tf] xf];\, t]hult kjg -xfjf_ sf] h:tf] xf];\ / ;fg–;f}uft\–dfg b'of]{wgsf] h:tf] xf];\ elgG5 . To:t}, bfgLdf ;"o{sf] 5f]/f s0f{ -h;n] cfˆgf] chDa/Lsf] k|tLs s'08n / sjr klg OGb|nfO{ bfg lbPsf lyP_ h:tf], anjfgdf xnf]wf/0f ug]{ an/fd ->Ls[i0fsf bfh'_ h:tf], ;To af]Ng]df s'GtLsf 5f]/f o'lwli7/ h:tf], 1fg–lj1fgsf] 1ftfdf ljb'/h:tf] eP/ gf/fo0f eujfg\sf] h:tf] sLlt{ /fVg;Sg" egL cfzLjf{b lbg] ul/G5 . ljz]iftM k'?ifnfO{ 6Lsf–hd/f nufOlbFbf of] cfzLj{rg kf7 ul/G5 eg] dlxnfx¿nfO{ 6Lsf nufOlbFbf eg] b]jL zlQmsf] pkf;gf:j¿k b]jLsf dGqx¿ k9]/ nufOG5 . k'?ifnfO{ klg clGtddf b]jLdGq hf]8\g] klg k|rng /lxcfPsf] 5 . 6Lsf nufpFbf pRrf/0f ul/g] b]jLdGqdf of] g} k|d'v ¿kdf k|rngdf 5–

hoGtL dËnfsfnL eb|sfnL skflngL
b'uf{ Ifdf lzjfwfqL :jfxf :jwf gdf]:t' t] .

a"9fkfsf / dfGohgx¿n] 6Lsf–hd/f nufOlbP/ cfzLjf{b lbPsf] k'Ub5 eGg] dfGotf xfd|f] ;dfhdf /lxcfPsf] 5 . xfF;f]–v';Lsf ;fy cfkmGtx¿sf] ;'v, zflGt, ;d[l4 / bL3f{o'sf] sfdgf ul/G5 ljleGg dGqf]Trf/0f / b]jLb]jtfx¿sf] gfdx¿;lxt k'sf/]/ .

hd/f / 6Lsf

k|ltkbf cyf{t\ 36:yfkgfsf lbg rf]vf] :yfgsf] df6f] / afn'jfnfO{ k"hf sf]7fdf nu]/ 6k/Ldf jf To;} e'O{+df /flvG5 / To;df ;KtwfGonfO{ 5l/G5 . ;KtwfGodf wfg, ux'F, hf}, ltn, sfu'g', df; / d'uL kb{5g\Ù hd/f /fd|f] xf];\ egL ds} klg ld;fpg] rng 5 . ;KtwfGonfO{ jLhf°'/0f u/fO{ b}lgs¿kdf k"hfcfhf u/]/ kfgL xflnG5 . km"nkftL;Dddf nxnx ePsf hd/fx¿nfO{ 6k/L jf s]/fsf kftn] 5f]lkG5 . o;/L 5f]k]kl5 hd/fsf] /ª xl/of]af6 kx]Fnf]df kl/0ft x'G5 . hd/f /fVbf df/ xfGg] kz'nfO{ k"hf u/L kl;{gsf nflu 5'§} hd/f /fVg] k|rng klg /lxcfPsf] 5 .

k/fk"j{ sfndf bz}+sf] 6LsfnfO{ ci6dL–gjdLdf aln lbPsf] kz'sf] /utdf d'5]/ nufOg] k|rng lyof] eGg] klg kfOG5 . o;/L 6Lsf nufpFbf z'e x'g] ljZjf; eP klg kl5 qmdzM x6\b} uP/ bxL / /ªdf d'5]/ nufpg] k|rngsf] ljsf; eof] . lgwf/el/ /ftf cIftf nufP/ 6f]kLdf jf skfnsf] r'N7f]df kx]Fnf hd/f l;pl/Fbf hf] sf]xLsf] dg klg ;fFlRrs} k|km'Nn x'G5 . s]xL hfltdf eg] /ª gld;fO{ 6Lsf nufpg] k|rng klg 5 . k/fk"j{ sfnb]lv s[lif g} k|d'v k]zfsf ¿kdf /xFb} cfPsf]n] k|d'v¿kdf /x]sf s[lif pkhx¿ b]jLnfO{ r9fP/ k|;fbsf ¿kdf pkof]u ul/Fbf b]jL k|;Gg x'lG5g\ eGg] dfGotfn] of] k|rng rNb} cfPsf] x'g;S5 .

ufpFufpFdf lgdf{0f ul/Psf b]jL3/x¿df, sf]6u9Lx¿df 36gf:yfkgfb]lv …b]jLefujtÚ k'/f0fsf] kf7 gf} lbg;Dd a|fXd0fx¿nfO{ u/fpg] k|rng /lxcfPsf] 5 . o;/L k'/f0f nufpg] k|rng ePsf ufpFx¿df bzdLsf lbg b]jLsf] k|;fb nufP/ dfq 3/3/df 6Lsf nufOG5 . ;KtztL r08Lsf] kf7 eg] 3/3/d} ul/g] k|rng /lxcfPsf] 5 .

pkTosfdf a8fbz}+ pT;j

a8fbz}+sf a]nfdf sf7df8f}+ pkTosfdf s]xL ljz]if k|sf/sf k/Dk/fx¿ /lxcfPsf kfOG5g\ . dNnsfnLg /fhb/af/x¿ bz}+sf a]nf k"hf ug]{ k|d'v s]Gb|sf ¿kdf /xFb} cfPsf 5g\ . dNnsfnLg /fhfx¿ b]jLsf pkf;s ePsf / Tolta]nf pgLx¿n] k|rngdf NofPsf b]jL k"hfsf /Ltx¿ cfh;Dd klg k/Dk/fsf ¿kdf rlncfPsf 5g\ . dNnsfndf b]jLsf] k|l;4 xltof/ v8\unfO{ b]jLsf ;dLkdf /fv]/ k"hf ul/GYof] / To;}af6 ci6dLdf b]jLnfO{ aln r9fOGYof] . dNn /fhfx¿ cfˆgf] b/af/df …klqsf :yfkgfÚ gfdn] km"nkftLsf] pT;j dgfpFy] eGg] s'/fsf] pNn]v ljleGg u|Gyx¿df kfOG5 .

xg'dfg9f]sf b/af/df bz}+ kj{ ljz]if¿kdf w"dwfd;fy dgfOFb} cfPsf] kfOG5 . 36:yfkgfsf] lbg xg'dfg9f]sfsf] d"n rf]ssf] k"j{kl§ /x]sf] bz}+3/df ljz]if lsl;dn] hd/f /flvG5 . /fhb/af/sf] nflu klg oxL+af6 hd/f nfg] k/Dk/f /lxcfPsf] 5 . ;KtdLsf] lbg km"nkftL leq\ofpg] k|rng 5 . uf]vf{ b/af/af6 NofOPsf] pmv', s]/fsf] af]6, j]nkq;lxtsf] km"nkftL 8f]nLdf af]s]/ afhfufhf;lxt g'jfsf]6sf] w'gLa]+;L x'Fb} k}bn lxF8]/ ifi7Lsf] lbg sf7df8f}+ leq\ofOG5 / /fgLkf]v/Lsf] pQ/L lsgf/fdf NofP/ /flvG5 . ljz]if ljlw–ljwfg;fy, /fhsLo ;Ddfgk"j{s km"nkftLnfO{ ;KtdLsf lbg xg'dfg9f]sf b/af/df leq\ofOG5 . km"nkftL pT;jdf zfxL g]kfnL ;]gfåf/f 6'Fl8v]ndf …km"nkftL pT;j aF9fO{+Ú ul/G5 . >L % nufot /fhkl/jf/sf cGo ;b:ox¿sf] klg km"nkftL a9fO{+df xg'dfg9f]sfdf pkl:ylt x'Fb} cfPsf] kfOG5 .

ci6dLsf] lbg tn]h' ejfgLnfO{ d"nrf]sdf NofO{ :yfkgf ul/G5 / ;f]xLlbg dWo/flqdf uf]Ko¿kdf tn]h' ejfgLsf] k"hf ul/G5 . ci6dL / gjdLsf] aLrdf cyf{t\ dWo/flqdf tn]h' / s'df/Lsf] pkl:yltdf u'Kt /Lltn] ljz]if k"hf ul/G5 . o;nfO{ sfn/flq ug]{ elgG5 . gjdLsf] lbg d"nrf]sdf k|lt:yflkt tn]h' ejfgLnfO{ k|;Gg kfg{ !)* aln r9fOG5 . o;}lbg jif{df Psk6s ;j{;fwf/0fsf nflu tn]h' ejfgLsf] bz{g ug]{ cj;/ ldNb5 .

bzdLsf] lbg xg'dfg9f]sf d"nrf]sdf k"hf ;s]kl5 /fhb/af/df 6Lsf–k|;fb k7fOG5 . bzdLsf lbg a]n'sf v8\uhfqf lgsfNg] k/Dk/f klg rlncfPs} 5 . v8\ul;l4k"hf / dft[sf g[Ton] o;df ljz]if dxQ\j /fVb5 . v8\uhfqfdf ;xefuL x'g]n] xftdf v'F8f, t/af/, lqz"n, 9fn, cflb lnPsf / hfdf–ku/L nufPsf x'G5g\ . o; hfqfdf s'le08f]nfO{ /fIf;sf] k|tLs dfg]/ sfl6G5 . o;lbg klg v8\uhfqfdf >L % sf] ;jf/L x'G5 / >L % af6 v8\u ;f6\g] ul/G5 . b]jLsf] d'Vo xltof/sf ¿kdf /x]sf] v8\u b'le{Ifx¿ k/f:t ug]{, ;'v, zflGt / ;d[l4sf] k|tLssf ¿kdf k'lhG5 . o;}lbg, z'ed'x"t{ lgsfn]/ 6Lsfsf] ;fOt u/L >L % af6 6Lsf u|x0f ul/aS;L ;j{;fwf/0fnfO{ klg 6Lsf–hd/f alS;g] k|rng rNb} cfPsf] kfOG5 .

eQmk'/sf] tn]h' dlGb/df klg sfn/flqsf] k"hf w"dwfdn] ug]{ k|rng /lxcfPsf] kfOG5 . k|ltkbfsf] lbg s'df/Lrf]sdf hd/f /fv]kl5 >L ejfgLsf] k|To]s lbg k"hf–k|fy{gf ul/G5 . sfn/flq k"hfsf] nflu s'g} k|sf/sf] v'gL gePsf] lgVv/ / d:t /fFuf]sf] cfjZostf kb{5 . To:tf] /fFuf]nfO{ Aof;L 6f]nl:yt /fFuf] kfNg] 3/df nu]/ /flvG5 . ci6dLsf] lbgdf …/fFuf] hfqfÚ x'G5 . dflg;x¿ af6f]sf] b'j} 5]pdf dlxiff;'/sf] ¿kdf /fFuf]sf] bz{g ug{nfO{ a;]sf x'G5g\ . hfqf b/af/df k'u]kl5 /fhsLo v8\u lnP/ a;]sf k'hf/L a|fXd0fn] /fFuf]nfO{ d"nrf]sdf leq\ofpg] cfb]z lbPkl5 sfn/flq k"hf k|f/De x'G5 . o;}a]nf PsfGtdf s'df/Lsf] k"hf klg ul/G5 . s'df/LnfO{ af]sfsf] aln lbOG5 . o;}qmddf s'df/Lrf]sdf tn]h'sf] /f]6L agfpg] xnjfO{n] /f]6Lsf] dlGb/ agfO{ /f]6Ls} 5fgf, uh'/;d]t agfP/ r9fpFb5g\ . d"nrf]sdf k"hf ;lsPkl5 lgVv/ /fFuf]sf] aln r9fO{ tn]h'sf] åf/sf] bfofFafofF b]jtfsf] ¿kdf a;]sf b'O{ wfdL¿ksf JolQmnfO{ /utsf] wf/fn] 5\ofkL ef]u r9fOG5 . To;kl5 cGo @% j6f /fFufsf] aln lbOG5 . aln r9fOPsf /fFuf / af]sfx¿sf] /utn] el/Psf] 3}+6f]nfO{ s;fO{n] k"hf u/L afhf ahfpFb} sfn/flq lj;h{g ub{5g\ . To;kl5 tn]h' ejfgLsf] v8\uhfqf ul/G5 .

nlntk'/ b/af/df klg dNnsfndf ljz]if¿kdf k"hf ul/GYof] t/ xfn cfP/ vr{sf] cefjsf cltl/Qm cGo sf/0fx¿af6 klg bz}+ k"hfsf] ljz]if k|rng 5f]l8;lsPsf] 5 . k'hf/Laf6 ;fdfGo k"hf–k|fy{gf u/]/ dfq} k/Dk/fnfO{ wflgPsf] 5 .

xif{ / pNnf;sf] rf8 bz}++

36:yfkgfb]lv gjdL;Dd b]jL zlQmsf] k"hf–cf/fwgf u/L dgfOg] a8fbz}+ ljhof bzdLb]lv k"l0f{df;Dd 6Lsf–hd/f nufpFb}df cflzif cfbfg–k|bfg u/]/ dgfOG5 . of] kj{ lxGb'x¿sf] dxfg\ rf8sf] ¿kdf eP klg h'g;'s} hfthflt / wd{–;Dk|bfodf klg k|rlnt /lxcfPsf] 5 . hËndf a:g] lkm/Gt] hflt /fp6]b]lv lnP/ Hofb} lk5l8Psf elgPsf k|hf hfltdf klg bz}+ dgfpg] k/Dk/f plQs} dgf]/~hgk"0f{ kfOG5 .

a8fbz}+ kj{ wd{;Fu dfq ;DalGwt geP/ xfd|f] /xg;xg / /Lltl/jfh;Fu klg hf]l8Psf] 5 . s[lifk|wfg ;d'bfodf km';{bsf] df};ddf cfk;df e]63f6 / /dfOnf] ug{ jif{el/sf ;a} dlxgfx¿dWo] c;f]h dlxgf g} pko'Qm xf] . v]tLkftLsf] 606f ;lsPsf] km';{bsf] If0fdf cfkmGtx¿ hDdf eP/ v'l;ofnL dgfpFb} /dfOnf] ug]{ k|rngsf ¿kdf klg bz}+n] dxQ\j kfpFb} cfPsf] 5 . /f]6] lkª, lnË] lkª, hfFt] lkª cflb agfP/ v]Ng], h'jftf; v]Ng], gfFrufg ug]{h:tf /dfOnf kIfx¿nfO{ klg k|fyldstf lbOPsf] kfOG5 . jif{el/sf] ysfO dfb}{ bxL, lrp/f, s]/f, df;'h:tf vfB kbfy{x¿sf] ef]hg u/]/ dfq xf]OgÙ /fd|f–/fd|f gofF n'uf nufP/ klg bz}+df kfl/jfl/s xfF;f]–v';L afFl8G5 . ;/sf/L tj/df klg bz}++ dgfOg] / sd{rf/Lx¿nfO{ nfd} labf lbOg] x'Fbf kfl/jfl/s ldngsf ¿kdf klg bz}+nfO{ lnOG5 . k|To]s kl/jf/df bz}+sf] k|tLIff tLj|¿kdf eO/x]sf] x'G5 .

/fdgjdL k"j{ r}t] bz}+ dgfOG5 . r}t] bz}+n] a9Ldfqfdf wfld{s dfGotf af]s]sf] x'G5 / k"hf–j|tnfO{ a9L k|fyldstf lbOG5 . a8fbz}+n] eg] ;fdflhs / ;f+:s[lts dfGotfnfO{ pmhfu/ ul//x]sf] x'G5 . vfgkfgdf a9L hf]8 lbOg] ePsfn] 6Lsfsf] ef]lnkN6sf] PsfbzLnfO{ lu2] PsfbzLsf] ;+1f lbOG5 / j|t klg sd}dfqdf lng] ub{5g\ .

bz}+df hfltljz]if / wd{ljz]ifsf] s§/kg kfOFb}g . hflt ljz]ifdf bz}+ dgfpg] k|rng eg] leGg x'g ;Sb5 . du/, /fO{, lnDa", tfdfª, u'?ª, yf¿, /fhj+zL, /fp6], k|hf, If]qL, a|fXd0f, >]i7, sfdL, ;fsL{, bdfO{ cflb h'g;'s} hfltdf klg bz}+ dgfOG5 . h'g;'s} b]zdf a;]sf g]kfnL lsg gx'g\, bz}+sf] k/Dk/fnfO{ /dfOnf]¿kdf dgfPs} x'G5g\ .

ljz]iftM lxGb' wdf{jnDaL–x¿sf] rf8sf] ¿kdf bz}+nfO{ lnOG5 t/ cGo wd{ dfGg]x¿n] klg bz}+nfO{ cf–cfˆg} k|sf/n] dfGb} cfPsf b]lvG5g\ . af}4wdf{jnDaLx¿n] bz}+df 6Lsf–hd/f gnufP klg o;sf /dfOnf kIfx¿nfO{ :jLsf/ ub}{ cfO/x]sf 5g\ . g]jf/ ;Dk|bfon] klg bz}+nfO{ k|fyldstfsf ;fy dgfPsf] kfOG5 . lqmlZrog ePsfx¿df klg o;sf b'O{ d'Vo ;Dk|bfox¿ k|f]6]:6]G6 / Sofyf]lnsx¿dWo] Sofyf]lnsx¿n] bz}+ dgfpg] u/]sf] kfOG5 . t/fO{sf] d}lynL ;dfhn] r}t] bz}+nfO{ a9L dxQ\j lbg] eP klg a8fbz}+nfO{ klg plQs} dgfpFb5g\ . pgLx¿df aln k|yf eg] Tolt k|rngdf kfOFb}g . s'le08f]sf] k"hf u/]/ aln lbg] k/Dk/f 5 . yf¿ hfltdf eg] ljz]if w"dwfd;fy bz}+ dgfpg] k|rng /lxcfPsf] 5 . gfrufgnfO{ yf¿ ;Dk|bfon] d'Vo¿kdf lnPsf] kfOG5 . pgLx¿df ;KtwfGosf] hd/fsf] ;§fdf ds}sf] hd/f nufpg] k|rng /lxcfPsf] 5 . cfˆgf] k'/]t u'?jf jf e?jfsf] xftaf6 6Lsf nufPkl5 ;j{;fwf/0fdf 6Lsf km's]sf] ljZjf; pgLx¿df ul/G5 . /fp6] hfltn] eg] b]jLsf] eGbf klg …d:6f]Ú sf] k"hf ub{5g\ . pgLx¿ d:6f]nfO{ cfˆgf s'n b]jtfsf ¿kdf dfGb5g\ .

ljb]zdf a8fbz}+

ljb]zdf /x]sf g]kfnLx¿df klg bz}+ kj{ dgfpg] k|rng /lxcfPsf] 5 . cfk;df e]63f6 ug]{, /dfOnf] ug]{ / efOrf/f clej[l4 ug]{ kj{sf ¿kdf bz}+sf] pkof]u ug]{ u/]sf] kfOG5 .

g]kfnL d"nsf afl;Gbfsf] af]njfnf ePsf, g]kfnL efiffefifL ljb]zLx¿ hf] lxGb'wdf{jnDaLx¿ 5g\, pgLx¿df klg a8fbz}+ kj{ w"dwfd;fy dgfpg] ul/G5 . o;/L xfF;f]v';L;fy bz}+ dgfpg]x¿df e'6fgLx¿ klg kb{5g\ . e'6fgdf s'n hg;ª\Vofsf] ^) k|ltzt g]kfnL efifLx¿ 5g\ . g]kfnL d"nsf lxGb'wdf{jnDaLx¿n] bz}+nfO{ ljz]if dxQ\j lbG5g\ . e'6fgdf /fdn] /fj0fpk/ ljho k|fKt u/]sf] v';LnfO{ ljhof bzdLsf ¿kdf dgfpFb5g\ cyf{t\ xfdLx¿ b]jLn] cf;'/L zlQmsf] gfz u/]sf]df v';L dgfpF5f}+ eg] pgLx¿n] /fdn] cf;'/L zlQmdfly ljho k|fKt u/]sf]n] bz}+ dgfPsf] dfGb5g\ . e'6fgdf klg hd/f /fVg], k"hf ug]{, cflb ;a} k|rng xfd|f]h:t} eP klg 6Lsf eg] k|fozM ;]tf]dfq nufpg] ul/G5 . b]jLsf] k"hf, /fdsf] k"hfsf] ;fy;fy} pgLx¿ bzdLsf lbg eLd;]gsf] k"hf klg ub{5g\ .

adf{df ePsf g]kfnL d"nsf afl;Gbfn] klg bz}+nfO{ /dfOnf] kj{sf ¿kdf dgfpg] u/]sf] kfOG5 . aln lbg], k"hf–cf/fwgf ug]{ / 6Lsf–hd/f nufO{ cfzLjf{b lng] nufotsf ;Dk"0f{ k/Dk/fx¿ g]kfnL ;dfhdf h:t} ldNbfh'Nbf kfOG5g\ .

l5d]sL ldq/fi6« ef/tdf g]kfnL d"nsf afl;Gbfx¿ ePsf d'Vo :yfgx¿–cf;fd, bfhL{lnª, l;lSsd, sflnª\kf]ª, gfufn}08, dl0fk'/, b]x/fb"g, efS;', u'xfj6L cflb :yfgx¿df a:g]x¿n] klg g]kfnL k/Dk/fcg';f/ g} bz}+ kj{ dgfpFb} cfPsf] kfOG5 . ef/t jif{df bz}+nfO{ …bzx/fÚsf] ¿kdf dgfOg] u/]sf] eP klg g]kfnL d"nsf afl;Gbfx¿n] eg] ljz]if¿kdf bz}+ dxf]T;j dgfpg] u/]sf 5g\ . bfhL{lnª, sflnªkf]ª, l;lSsd cflbdf hftLo P]Soa4tf ;fy ;fd"lxs ¿kdf bz}+ dgfOG5 . ;fd"lxs g[Tox¿ gfRg], lkª v]Ng] cflb / b'uf{k"hf u/]/ 6Lsf–hd/f nufpg] k|rng 5Fb}5 . b]x/fb"gsf afl;Gbf eg] bz}+df gfnfkfgLdf hDdf eP/ ;fd"lxs¿kdf gfrufg, v'l;ofnL ub}{ bz}+ dgfpF5g\ . cGo k|rngx¿ klg xfdL;Fu d]n vfg] vfns} 5g\ .

bz}+sf] v';L / af]´

/fli6«o kj{sf] ¿kdf dgfOg] wfld{s / ;f+:s[lts k/Dk/fn] cf]tk|f]t ePsf] a8fbz}+ ;fdflhs efjgfn] klg plQs} dxQ\jk"0f{ /lxcfPsf] 5 . wfld{s / ;f+:s[lts k/Dk/fx¿ g} /fi6«sf d"n w/f]x/ x'g\ . s'g} klg b]zsf] /fli6«o klxrfg eGg' g} snf–;+:s[lt;Fu ufFl;Psf] x'G5 . wd{, snf, ;+:s[lt, efiff, /Lltl/jfh cflbn] ;d'Ggt /fi6« g} jf:tljs cy{df wgL dflgG5 . o; cy{df xfdLx¿ w]/} wgL 5f}+ . /fli6«o kj{ bz}+n] xfdLx¿aLr wfld{s ;lxi0f'tf sfod /fVg] sfd u/]sf] 5 .

s]xL lxGb' wd{ lj/f]wLx¿n] bz}+ gdfGg] egL s]xL jif{cl3 ljleGg xNnfx¿ rnfPsf lyP . o;/L xNnf dRrfpg]x¿df lqmlZrog k|f]6]:6]G6x¿ a9L lyP . o:tf xNnf cflv/df cfkm}+ x/fP/ uP . wfld{s ;lxi0f'tf laufg{ vf]Hg]x¿n] a]nfa]nfdf lxGb'wd{sf ;+:sf/x¿dfly cfqmd0f ug]{ u/]sf 5g\ t/ k/Dk/fut¿kdf rNb} cfPsf wfld{s / ;f+:s[lts k|yfx¿ ;fgfltgf xNnf–cfqmd0faf6 g8Udufpg] lglZrt 5 .

a8fbz}+ x'g]vfg]x¿ / u/Lax¿sf aLrdf klg ;dGjofTds ¿kdf /x]sf] kfOG5 . wgLx¿n] cfˆgf tl/sfn] dgfpF5g\ eg] u/Lax¿n] klg jif{el/ hf]xf] u/]/ klg dgfpF5g\ . rf8jf8nfO{ af]´sf] ¿kdf lng] u/]sf] k6Ss} kfOFb}g . h;sf] h] h:tf] cf}sft 5, To;/L g} rf8jf8 dgfpg'k5{ eGg] dfGotfn] …3fF6L x]/L xf8 lgNg'Ú eGg] nf]sf]lQmnfO{ hGdfOlbPsf] 5 .

bz}+ cfPsf] hfgsf/L ;a}nfO{ lbgsf nflu s]xL hflt ljz]ifn] 36:yfkgfkl5 3/3/df / 6f]n6f]ndf 9f]n lk6\b} lxF8\g] k|rng klg cBflk /x]s} 5g\ . bz}+df 3/sf] lnkkf]t ug]{, z[Ëf/ ug]{, rf]s–cfFug ;kmf ug]{, g'xfO–w'jfO ug]{, gofF n'uf km]g]{h:tf k|rngx¿n] jftfj/0fLo kIfnfO{ klg Wofg lbPsf] cg'ej x'G5 . cl3kl5 a]km';{bLn] gEofP klg jif{df Psk6s t u/ eGg] ;Gb]z k/Dk/fut¿kdf lkmFlhb} cfPsf] 5 . jf:tjdf 9f]n lkl6Pkl5 bz}+sf] ;Gb]z 6f9f6f9faf6 cfPsf] h:tf] cg'ej x'G5 . k|frLg ;dodf /fhf /hf}6fx¿n] cfˆgf /}tLdf s'g} k|sf/sf] pbL{ ug'{kg]{ ePdf ufpFsf] pRr:yfgaf6 9f]n lk6\g] k|rng lyof] . ;DejtM Tolta]nfaf6} rn]sf] bz}+df 9f]n lk6\g] k|yf kxf8L d'n's / t/fO{lt/ sfod} 5 . To;}n] eGg] ul/G5– æcfof] bz}+ 9f]n ahfO{–uof} bz}+ C0f af]sfO .Æ h;n] wgLx¿sf] b]vfl;vL u/]/ cfˆgf] 3fF6L gx]/L xf8 lgN5, p;nfO{ bz}+df C0f nfUg klg ;S5 . To;}n] ;f+:s[lts rf8nfO{ cfˆg} tl/sfn] dgfpg' kb{5 . æbz}+ cfof], vfpFnf–lkpFnf, sxfF kfpFnf < dfuL NofpFnfÆ eGg] s]6fs]6Lx¿nfO{ cleefjsx¿n] æ;fFrL /fvf}+nfÆ eGg] l;sfPsf] v08df cjZo bz}+n] C0f af]sfpg] 5}g .

/fli6«o rf8sf ¿kdf dgfOFb} cfPsf] a8fbz}+nfO{ cfk;L, ;b\efj / efOrf/f sfod /fVb} ;f+:s[lts dxQ\jsf ;fy lr/sfn ko{Gt dgfpFb} hfg ;Sg' g} xfd|f] ;fdflhs Pjd\ ;f+:s[lts klxrfgsf] pRr d"Nof°g 7xg]{ 5 .