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lq–rGb| SofDk;df ;fOG; k9\g ;'b'/klZrdaf6 emf]nf le/]/ /fhwfgL cfPsf z]/axfb'/ b]pjfn] b'O{ jif{kl5 cfˆgf] 3/ kms{+bf cfO=P;=;L= kf; u/]sf] ;6L{lkms]6 lnP/ dfq kms]{gg\ . pgsf] ;fydf dxfg cfbz{;d]t ;'b'/klZrd k'u]sf] lyof] . k~rfotL Joj:yfnfO{ ;d"n cGTo u/L d'n'sdf ;dfgtfd"ns ;dfh :yfkgf ug]{ jL=kL= sf] cfbz{nfO{ lz/f]wfo{ ub}{ ;'b'/klZrd kmls{Psf b]pjf g]kfnL sfFu|]; / jL=kL= sf gfddf To; If]qs} :yflkt g]tf ag] .

ca b]pjfs} csf]{ k':tf hojL/l;+x sf7df08f}af6 l;w} ;b'/klZrd k'Ug] 5g\ x]lnsK6/ jf kh]/f] r9]/ hojL/ l;+xn] 88]nw'/f a;'Gh]n;Ddsf nflu vfg] s'/f / nQf sk8f sf7df08f}af6} nfg]5g\ / vfg]s'/f /fVg] /]lk|mh]/]6/ wgu9Laf6} n}hfg]5g\ .

cfheGbf #% jif{cl3sf] z]/axfb'/sf] ;'b'/klZrd kmsf{O / @) jif{kl5 x'g] hojL/l;+xsf] ;'b'/klZrd ujfOnfO{ ;Lldt dfG5]x?n] dfq k|ToIf b]Vg kfpnfg\ t/ ;'Gg] / k9\g] cj;/ eg] w]/}n] kfpg]5g\ .

x]lnsK6/ g} lnP/ lsg ghfpmg\, kh]/f] g} lnP/ lsg ghfpmg\ ;fydf nQf sk8f jf vfg]s'/f / /]lk|mh]/]6/ g} lsg lnP/ ghfpmg\ < hojL/ l;+xnfO{ cfˆgf lktfnfO{ h:tf] ;lhnf] x'g]5}g . k|hftGq k'g:yf{kgf u/L ;dfgtfd"ns ;dfhsf] lgdf{0f ug]{ cleofgdf hgtf;Fu ;fy dfUg z]/axfb'/nfO{ hlt ;lhnf] lyof], hojL/ l;+xsf] cufl8 Tolts} hl6n ag]/ Pp6f k|Zg v8f x'g]5 . ;dfgtfd"ns ;dfhsf] lgdf{0f ug]{ jL=kL= sf] cfbz{ sxfF uof] < hgtfn] lbPsf] gf;f] b'?kof]u ug]{x?sf ;GtfgnfO{ xfdLn] s;/L ljZjf; ug]{ < hgtfåf/f ;f]lwg] oL k|Zgx?sf] hjfkm lb+bf–lb+bf hojL/ l;+xx? x}/fg x'g]5g\ .

clxn] z]/axfb'/ b]pjf lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnfdfly e|i6frf/sf] cf/f]k nfu]sf]df hlt b+u 5g\, ef]ln sf]O/fnfdflysf] cf/f]k k|dfl0ft x'gf;fy hgtfsf] k|Zgsf] ;fdgf ug{ z]/axfb'/nfO{ dfq xf]Og . g]kfnL sfFu|];sf kIfsf hojL/ l;+xnfO{ klg Tolts} ufx|f] x'g]5 . ;ftk':tfcl3 s'g} k'vf{ s'i6 /f]uL ePsf] syfsf cfwf/df sf]/Lsf ;Gtfg /]lk|mh]/]6/ g} lsg lnP/ ghfpmg\ < hojL/ l;+xnfO{ cfˆgf lktfnfO{ h:tf] ;lhnf] x'g]5}g . k|hftGq k'g:yf{kgf u/L ;dfgtfd"ns ;dfhsf] lgdf{0f ug]{ cleofgdf hgtf;Fu ;fy dfUg z]/axfb'/nfO{ hlt ;lhnf] lyof], hojL/ l;+xsf] cufl8 Tolts} hl6n ag]/ Pp6f k|Zg v8f x'g]5 . ;dfgtfd"ns ;dfhsf] lgdf{0f ug]{ jL=kL= sf] cfbz{ sxfF uof] < hgtfn] lbPsf] gf;f] b'?kof]u ug]{x?sf ;GtfgnfO{ xfdLn] s;/L ljZjf; ug]{ < hgtfåf/f ;f]lwg] oL k|Zgx?sf] hjfkm lb+bf–lb+bf hojL/ l;+xx? x}/fg x'g]5g\ .

clxn] z]/axfb'/ b]pjf lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnfdfly e|i6frf/sf] cf/f]k nfu]sf]df hlt b+u 5g\, ef]ln sf]O/fnfdflysf] cf/f]k k|dfl0ft x'gf;fy hgtfsf] k|Zgsf] ;fdgf ug{ z]/axfb'/nfO{ dfq xf]Og . g]kfnL sfFu|];sf kIfsf hojL/ l;+xnfO{ klg Tolts} ufx|f] x'g]5 . ;ftk':tfcl3 s'g} k'vf{ s'i6 /f]uL ePsf] syfsf cfwf/df sf]/Lsf ;Gtfg eg]/ ;fdflhs cf/f]k nufpg] g]kfnL ;dfhn] sfFu|];sf gfddf hgdt lnP/ e|i6frf/ ug]{x?sf ;GtfgnfO{ s:tf] lvtfa cf]8fpnf < ;xh} cg'dfg ug{ ;lsG5 . @)$^ ;fndf k|hftGq k'gM:yfkgf ePkl5 @)$& ;fnsf] Ps jif{ g]kfnL sfFu|];sf tTsfnLg cWoIf s[i0fk|;fb e§/fO{sf] g]t[Tjdf ;+o'Qm ;/sf/ rNof] . Tof] Ps jif{sf] cjlwdf e§/fO{n] lSng lr6 lnP/ afn'jf6f/ / l;+xb/af/ 5f]8\g'eof] t/ pxfFs} g]t[Tjdf dGqL x'g]x? dfz{nh'n'd zfSo, ;fxgf k|wfg / emngfy vgfnx?n] e|i6frf/ u/]s} x'g\ . of]uk|;fb pkfWofo, lgnfDa/ cfrfo{, 8f= d'y'/fk|;fb >]i7, b]j]Gb|/fh kf08] h:tf dGqLx?sf] Tofun] zfSo, k|wfg / vgfnx?sf] e|i6frf/ 5f]lkPsf] sf/0f @)$* ;fnsf] cfd lgjf{rgdf hgtfn] sfFu|];nfO{ ax'dt lbP / l;Ëf] Pdfn]nfO{ alnof] k|d'v k|ltkIf agfP .

@)$* ;fnb]lv @)%& ;Ddsf] !) jif{df g]kfnL sfFu|];n] % jif{ Psn g]t[Tjsf] ;/sf/ / # jif{ ;+o'Qm ;/sf/sf] g]t[Tj u/]sf] 5 . of] cjlwdf z]/axfb'/ b]pjfsf] 8]9 jif{ / s[i0fk|;fb e§/fO{sf] !) dlxgf afx]s ;a} g]t[Tj lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnfn] ug'{ePsf] 5 . !) jif{sf] of] cjlwdf ;/sf/df ;fd]n dGqLx? k|fo ;a} e|i6frf/sf] bnbndf km;]sf 5g\ . e|i6«frf/ gu/]sf] dGqL e]§fpg' l;nf] vf]Hg' a/fa/ ePsf] 5 . :jo+ k|wfgdGqL lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnfdfly b'O{–b'O{ k6s e|i6frf/sf] cf/f]k nfu]sf] 5, zfxL g]kfn jfo';]jf lgudsf] ljdfg vl/b k|s/0fdf . o;y{ l;Ëf] sfFu|]; kf6L{ e|i6frf/L xf] of of] kf6L{df xflnd'xfnL rnfpg] e|i6frf/L x'g\ 5'6\ofpg ufx|f] 5 .

lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnf M ;'wf/jfbL lktf s[i0fk|;fb sf]O/fnfn] /f0ffx?;Fu abnf lng u/]sf ultljlwsf] ;]/f]k]m/f]df /fhgLltdf xf]ldPsf] / t/fO{ If]qsf] ;+e|fGt kl/jf/df hGdg' ePsf lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnf g]kfnL /fhgLltsf] ;a}eGbf rlr{t JolQmTj x'g'x'G5 .

lj/f6gu/sf ;f]emf Ps hgf lzIfssL >LdtL ;'idf pkfWofonfO{ cfˆgL >ldtL agfPkl5 ævf];]/ lng l;sÆ eGg] l;4fGtsf k|j{ts aGg' ePsf] 5 sf]O/fnf . dfgf}F lgod, sfg'gljlw, ljwfg eg]sf] lul/hfk|;fbsf nflu xf]Og, pxfFåf/f c?nfO{ zf;g ug{sf nflu xf] . h'g a]nf h] c:q k|of]u u/]/ h] lrh vf]:g ;lsG5 Tof] vf]; eGg] l;4fGtsf sf]O/fnfn] @)## ;fndf g]kfnL sfFu|];sf] dxfdGqL kb bafjs} cfwf/df -vf];]/}_ lng' ePsf] xf] . @)$# ;fndf klg k~rfotleq uP/ k~rx?;Fu kb vf]:g pxfFn] sfFu|];sf ljlkg sf]O/fnf, lzjaxfb'/ v8\sfx?nfO{ cl3 nufpg' ePsf] xf] . @)$^ ;fnsf] hgcfGbf]ng ;dfKt ePkl5 hgcfGbf]ngsf] sdf08/ kb u0f]zdfgaf6 vf];]/} k~rx?nfO{ v'zL kfg]{ k|of;:j?k of] k~rsf] klg lht xf] eGg kl5 gkg'{ePsf sf]O/fnfn] cGtl/d ;/sf/sf u[xdGqL of]uk|;fb pkfWoosf] kb vf]:g /8fsf] dRofpg' ePsf] xf] . s[i0fk|;fb e§/fO{sf] k|wfgdGqL kb vf]:g @)$* ;fnsf] cfd r'gfj / @)%) ;fnsf] pkr'gfjdf Pdfn]sf] æ;"o{Æ lrGxdf ef]6 j[l4 ug]{ k|of;df nfUg'ePsf sf]O/fnfn] @)%! ;fndf b'O{ ;o kfFr hgf ;f+;bsf] clwsf/ vf]:g'ePsf] xf] .

lxGb" wd{zf:qn] csf{sL >LdtL vf]:g'nfO{ axfb'/ k'?ifsf] nIf0f dfg]sf] 5 eg] /fhgLltzf:qsf] kb / k|lti7f vf]:g ;Sg'nfO{ /fhgLlts sdL{sf] :jefljs nIf0f eg]sf] 5 . t/ axfb'/ k'?if / s'zn /fhgLlt sdL{ sf]O/fnfn] cfˆgf] ljz]iftf hf]ufpg /fi6« / hgtfsf] cfly{s ;DklQ h;/L vf]:g'eof] To;nfO{ s'g} bz{g / l;4fGtn] klg ;+uLg ck/fw xf]Og eg]/ eGg ;s]sf] 5}g . @)$^ ;fn;Dd /fhwfgLdf tfl/0fLk|;fb sf]O/fnfsf] afx]s c?sf] 3/ gePsf] sf]O/fnf kl/jf/leq clxn] alg;s]sf 8]9 ;oeGbf a9L dxnx? e|i6frf/sf ;a}eGbf HjnGt pbfx/0f x'g\ . !) jif{sf] of] cjlwdf /fi6«sf] cfDbfgL x'g] / vr{ x'g] k|To]s gfsf gfsfdf cfˆgf kl/jf/ /fv]/ d'n'ssf] k};f vf]:g lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnf h;/L ;kmn x'g' eof] To;/L g} ztfAbLsf] ;a}eGbf e|i6 k|wfgdGqLsf] ?kdf Oltxf;df pxfFsf] gfd bl/Psf]df g]kfnL sfFu|];sf] efjL k':tf /fhgLlts ?kdf Kof/nfOl;; x'g k'u]sf] 5 .

v'daxfb'/ v8\sf M lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnfsf ;Rrf cg'ofoL v8\sfsf nflu c? cg'ofoLx?n] @)## ;fndf csf{sL >LdtL vf]l;lbP/ kfl/jfl/s hf]xf] ul/lbPsf lyP . jgf/;df æd];Æ rnfpg] lhDdf kfPsf on=aL= u'?ªsf h8fp/L rKkn / sldhn] OHht wfg]sf v8\sf @)#& ;fnkl5, @)$& ;fn;Dd >LdtLsf] hflu/n] wflgPsf x'g\ . of] !) jif{sf] cjlwdf pgn] ;DklQ slt sdfP, ;a} 5n{Ë 5 . t/ ;DklQsf] dftsf] pbfx/0f eg] /dfOnf] 5 . @)%! ;fndf pgL jgf/;sfnLg ldqsxfF k]ml/ csL{ >LdtL Nofpg] k|:tfa lnP/ @)## ;fndf vf]lhlbPsL >LdtLaf6 5f]/f gePsf] sf/0f b]vfpFb} uP . t/ csL{ >ldtL Nofpg'eGbf 8fS6/sf] ;Nnfx lnP/ 5f]/f hGdfpg ;lsg] tL ldqsf] cfu|x /Xof] . geGb} @)%@ ;fndf v8\sfsf] cyfx ;DklQsf] pQ/flwsf/Ln] of] ;+;f/df kfOnf 6]Sof] . eujfgn] ;fy lbP eg] casf] @) jif{kl5 pm x]lnsK6/ / kh]/f] lnP/ r'gfj n8\g bfª hfnf . clg eGnf lul/hfk|;fb / d]/f lktfhL v'daxfb'/n] b]vfPsf] af6f]df cl3 a9\g dnfO{ ef]6 lbg'xf];\ .

uf]ljGb/fh hf]zL M tgx"F ?kfsf]6sf] vfN6] ufpFsf uf]ljGb/fh hf]zL @)$^ ;fn;Dd lhNnf cbfntsf] k|fË0fsf a]nsf] ?vd'lg a;]/ emul8of s'g]{ ub{y] . lbgel/ emul8of cfPgg\ eg] ;fFemkv kfp/f]6L lnP/ 3/ kms{Gy] . emul8of e]6 eP eg] pgsf] vfhf vfg] Joj:yf ahf/s} /]i6'/]G6df x'GYof] / a]n'sf 3/df t/sf/L;d]t kfSbYof] . t/ hf]zLsf] 6fpsf]df lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnfsf] xft kg]{ lalQs} clxn] s] pTkft eof] < pgsf] ;DklQ / hLjg z}nLdf PsfPs ePsf] of] sxfnL nfUbf] kl/jt{g ;'Gg]nfO{;d]t cfª l;l/Ë x'g] vfnsf] 5 eg] b]Vg]nfO{ emg s:tf] xf]nf <

ljhos'df/ uR5]bf/ M yf?sf] 5f]/f xf], 6f7f] 5, gf/fh'n'; ug{ sfd nfU5, vfhf;fhf v'jfOlbof] eg] sfo{qmdsf nflu d~r agfpg ufpFaf6 afF;x? pknAw u/fOb]nf eg]/ Toltv]/ xl/ Gof}kfg]n] lj/f6gu/ SofDk;df g]=lj=;+3 OsfOsf] sf]iffWoIf agfOlbPsf tL ljho uR5]bf/ / cfhsf ljho uR5]bf/ Pp6} x'g\ . pgnfO{ ;fyLx?n] g} sIfklt y/sf ;fdfGo Jofkf/LsL 5f]/L >LdtLsf ?kdf leq\ofOlbPsf lyP . g]=lj=;+3 OsfOsf] sf]iffWoIf x'Fbfb]lv g} lul/hfk|;fbsf lzio aGg yfn]sf uR5]bf/ @)#^–#& ;fn;Dd lgs} qmflGtsf/L eP/ lg:s] . @)$* ;fnsf] k|yd cfd lgjf{rgkl5 ;a} jl/i7nfO{ l5rf]n]/ sf]O/fnfåf/f ;+rf/ /fHodGqL agfOP . z'?df 6]lnkmf]g laqmLaf6 z'? ePsf] uR5]bf/sf] Jofkf/ / sf/f]af/ clxn] b[Zo / cb[Zo x'Fb} sxfF k'lu;Sof] < ;DklQ slt eof] n]vfhf]vf / lx;fa lstfasf] s] lx;fa <

ch'{gg/l;+x s]=;L= M g]kfnL sfFu|]; af/] ;a}eGbf a9L hfgsf/L /fVg] kqsf/ /]jtL/d0f ;'j]bLsf zAbdf ch'{gg/l;+x s]=;L=sf] sf]O/fnf kl/jf/leq ;'hftfsf] ;f/Lsf] k]m/f] ;dft]/ k}tfnfsf] w'nf] rf6\b} k|j]z ePsf] xf] . s]=;L= sf] sf]O/fnf kl/jf/leq ;fF7ufF7 ePsf] clxn] aNn * jif{ k'u]sf] 5 . k~rfotdf k|j]z u/]kl5 @)#* b]lv @)$^ ;Ddsf] * jif{ / lautsf * jif{ larsf] pgsf] ;DklQ / ;fg ;f}stnfO{ t'ngf ug]{ clg u0f]z kl08tsf] 3/df latfPsf] lszf]/ cj:yfnfO{ klg Ps If0f ;Demg] xf] eg] — æwd{ gkfP sfzL hfg' /fhgLltdf nfu]/ klg k};f gkfP sf]O/fnf sxfF hfg'Æ eGg] g]kfnL efiffsf] gofF pvfg hlGdg k'U5 .

hok|sfz k|;fb u'Ktf M Pp6f ;fKtflxs cvaf/df dfl;s # ;o kfl/>lds lnP/ ;dfrf/ n]Vg] sfddf nfu]sf u'Ktfsf tTsfnLg ;xsdL{ s[i0f kf]v/]nn] cfˆgf] klqsfdf l6Kk0fL u/]sf 5g\— ;fFemkv xf]6nx?df x'g] kqsf/ ;Dd]ngdf hfg u'Ktf slxNo} 5'6\b}gYof] laxfg / a]n'sf 5fs 6fg{ cvaf/n] pknAw u/fpg] tnan] k'Ub}gYof] . xf]6]ndf vfg kfPsf] lbg, pgsf] art x'GYof] . of] cj:yfsf u'Ktf @)$* ;fnkl5 # jif{ k|wfgdGqL sf]O/fnfsf k|]; ;Nnfxsf/ ag] . @) la3fx hUuf, /fhwfgLdf tLg tn] 3/, Pp6f k]6«f]nkDk, sf]N8 :6f]/ nufotsf] ;DklQ ljj/0f t u'Ktfn] ;fj{hlgs ul/;s]sf 5g\ .

/fds[i0f tfd|fsf/ M bfh'efO;Fu 5'§L leGg x'Fbf Pp6f 3/nfO{ # efudf afF8\g k/]kl5 nlntk'/df a:g g;s]/ efF8f ;kn ug{ ef]hk'/ xflgPsf /fds[i0f tfd|fsf/, ef]hk'/d} lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnf;Fu e]6 ePkl5 k~rfotsfn d} k};f sdfpg] Ps ;'qLo cleofg cGtu{t b'O{ gDa/L wGbf ug{ e}/xjf k'u] . oy]i6 k};f sdfP, lul/hfk|;fbsf] nflu klg sdfP . kmnfd, tfdf / lkQn–wft'sf] sf/f]af/eGbf kx]+nf] ;'g–wft' / ;]tf] rfFbL wft'sf] sf/f]af/ ubf{ gfkmf x'g] d"ndGq sf]O/fnfnfO{ l;sfP . o;sf]nflu cfFk}m ;f+;b / dGqL aGg'kg]{ k|:tfa /fv] . sf]O/fnfn] klg ;]v Ob|L;, tf/fgfy /fgfef6, huGgfy cfrfo{ nufotsf ^ efOnfO{ x6fP/ tfd|fsf/nfO{ dGqL agfpg'eof] . o;/L sfFu|];nfO{ ufx|f] ;ffu'/f] kbf{ ;xof]u ug]{ s'j]/ zdf{eGbf cfk"mnfO{ ;DklQ sdfpg] dGq bfg ug]{ tfd|fsf/ sfFu|];sf] nflu Kof/f] x'g] gofF l;4fGt lul/hfk|;fbn] leq\ofpg' eof] .