dfcf]jfbLx? /fdzfxkyaf6 b/jf/dfu{lt/
bf]nvf / sfe|]sf a:tLx?df dfcf]jfbL
5fkfdf/x?n] noldnfP/ oL uLt ufpFbf pgLx? v's'/L rDsfP/ gfRg] u/]s]f
b]v]kl5 of] k+lQmsf/n] Pp6f leotgfdL o'jsnfO{ ;lDemof] . p;n]
cd]/LsL ;]gf;Fu le8\b}ubf{ eg]sf] lyof] æxf] xf] xf] lr ldGx jL jLn
kmfO6 jL jLn jLg .Æ
eLotgfdL Tof] sDo'lgi6 o'jsn]
xf]lr ldGxk|lt b]vfPsf] pRr ;Ddfgefj / g]kfnsf dfcf]jfbL 5fkfdf/ o'jfo'jtLx?n]
…k|r08Úsf] gfddf ufpg] of] uLtdf Pp6} s'/f cGtlg{lxt 5 –
ljhosf] . t/ leotgfdL o'jf xfdL n8]/ lhT5f}+ eG5, g]kfnsf dfcf]jfbL
5fkfdf/x? k|r08kyn] /fHo;Qf Nofpg] eof] eG5g\ .
bL3{sfnLg hgo'4af6 ;z:q ljb|f]x
x'Fb} ;j{kIfLo cGtl/d ;/sf/ / b]z kl/l:ylt ;'xfpFbf] gofF 9+usf] k|hftGqsf]
df]8]n af]s]/ /f]Nkfaf6 em/]sf] k|r08ky /fhdfu{lt/ uof] eg] dfcf]jfbL
5fkfdf/n] o'4e"dLdf ufpg] of] :t'ltufg s'g} ;do df]bgfy k|l>tn]
aGb's k|wfg agfP/ n]v]sf] uLt clxn] cfP/ sndn] g} cGofoL ;+;f/ 9fN5'
eg]/ kl/dfh{g u/] h:t} x'g] t xf]Og <
k|r08kysf] uGtJosf] af/] ToxL
kfl6{ leqklg :ki6tf 5}g . æ;}lgs;Fu gle8], ;fdGtnfO{ glu8] cfpb}g
hgjfb efif0f 7f]s]/Æ o:tf] pu|uLt ufP/ qmflGtdf xf]ldPsf] Pdfn] g]t[Tj
k+lQm sxfF cfOk'Uof] eg]/ b]Vg]x?n] …k|r08kyÚsf] uGtJonfO{ gf/fo0flx6L
…/fhkyÚ lt/ xf] eGg] ljZn]if0fdf k'Ug'nfO{ cGoyf eGg gldNg] wf/0ff
Ps k|v/ jfdg]tfn] o; k+lQmsf/;Fu cl3;f/] .
lrqjxfb'/ s]=;L= sf] :d/0fdf
cr]n b'O{bzs cufl8sf] P6f 36gf tfhf ag]/ cfpg] u/]sf] 5 . lrl8ofvfgf
leqsf] Pp6f s'gfdf tTsfnLg e"ldut sDo'lgi6 g]tfx?sf] cToGt uf]Ko
a}7s lyof] .
a}7s rln/x]s} a]nf Pshgf k'ln;
clkm;/ cfˆgf kl/jf/;lxt 8«];d} lrl8of3/sf 5]pdf b]Vgf;fy uf]Koa}7ssf]
df}gtf tf]8\b} Pshgf w'/Gw/ g]tfn] cflQP/ ædfNbfO Û pm k'ln;, n efuf}+,
dfNbfO eGbfeGb} a]kQf eP5g\ . dfNbfO cyf{t lrqaxfb'/ s]=;L= lrl8ofvfgf
b]lvsf 3'DtLx? kf/ ub}{ jfUn'ªaf6 l;+xb/jf/;Dd k'lu;Sg'eof], ptf dfNbfO–dfNbfO
eGb} a]kQf ePsf g]tf sd/]8 k|r08 To;kl5 sxfF k'Ug'eof] < crfgs
l;:g]sf]kxf8df @)%@ kmfu'g ! ut] b]lvg' ePsf k|r08n] clxn] k|r08kysf]
uf]/]6f] lgdf{0f ug{ nufpg'ePsf] 5 /] Û k|r08sf] Tof] …x'lQxf/fÚ
:jefjnfO{ cfkm}n] ef]Ug'ePsf dfOnfbfOn] of] k+lQmsf/;Fu eGg'eof] æk|r08kyn]
g]kfnsf sDo'lgi6x?sf] lz/ em'sfPsf] 5 .Æ
k|lbk g]kfnsf] lbdfudf klg
Pp6f :d/0f cfpFbf] /x]5 . klxnf] kN6 @)#( ;fnlt/ e]6]kl5 Ps}rf]l6
@)$( ;fndf kf6g9f]sfdf Pshgf Pstf s]Gb|sf] g]tfsf 3/df e]6 eof] /] .
Tolta]nf Tof] a}7sdf ca sDo'lgi6 cfGbf]ngsf] g]t[Tj Pdfn]n] ug'{k5{
eGg] k|Ztfj /fVg] tLg} k|r08 clxn] ljZjs} sDo'lgi6 cfGbf]ngnfO{ gofF
cfofd yKg] k|r08kysf] ;"qLs/0f ug{ k'Ug'ePsf] 5 . dfcf]jfbLsf]
zAbdf k|r08sf] :jefj / Tof] lbgsf] pxfFsf] cleJolQmnfO{ ef]u]sf k|lbk
g]kfn …k|r08kyÚ dbg e08f/lsf] ax'bnLo hgjfbsf] a]9+usf] gSsn
xf] eGg'x'G5 . pxfF cfkm"x?n] #& ;fndf u/]sf] ljZn]if0f
dfcf]jfbLn] )%& ;fndf ug{ k'u]s]f atfpg'x'G5 . oL b'j} k|;+u
s;}nfO{ sd cfFSg jf dxfg\ agfpg pNn]v ePsf xf]Ogg\ . clxn] g]kfnL
-ljz]iftM_ jfd cfGbf]ngleq ax'rlr{t aGg k'u]sf] …k|r08kyÚ / dfcf]jfbLsf]
bf];|f] /fli6«o ;Dd]ngsf] dxTjk"0f{ lg0f{osf ;Gbe{df NofPsf x'g\ .
kfFrjif{ cufl8 l;:g]kxf8 /
hnhnfkmfF6af6 dfS;{jfb, n]lggjfb / dfcf]jfbn] 8f]¥ofP/ pb\3f]lift
dfcf]jfbL hgo'4nfO{ cj …k|r08kyÚ n] 8f]xf]¥ofpg] 5 . dfcf]jfbLsf]
bf];|f] /fli6«o ;Dd]ngn] kf6L{sf] lgb]{zs ljrf/df …k|r08kyÚ yk]sf]
5 . ;f] kf6L{sf kf]ln6Jo"/f] ;b:o ls/0f cufl8 eG5g\ æk|r08ky
gofF o'udf ljZjsf sDo'lgi6x?nfO{ 8f]xf]¥ofpg] Plss[t ljrf/ xf] .Æ
kfFrjif{ eGbf cufl8s} s'/f
xf], g]skf dfcf]jfbLsf] sfo{stf{ k+lQmn] v'Nn]cfd eGg] / n]Vg] uy]{
M kf6L{ / nfOg 7Ls 5 t/ g]tf 7Ls 5}gg\ . oL g]tfaf6 Jofjxfl/s
qmflGt ;Dej 5}g .Æ dfcf]jfbL kf6L{ Tolx xf], g]tf ltg} / g]t[Tjk|lt
ljZjf; gug]{ sfo{stf{ klg ltg} x'g\ . t/ % jif{df /fKtL gbLdf
w]/} kfgL alu;s]5 . k|r08sf] rsf]{ la/f]w ug]{ ltg} sfo{stf{x?sf]
lz/df clxn] …k|r08kyÚ sf] tfh klx/fpg ;kmn ePsf] 5, dfcf]jfbL
g]t[Tj . / clxn] …hg;d/Úx?df ufpg yfn]sf 5g\ pgLx? æcfsfznfO{
5'g ;Sg], w/tLnfO{ r'Dg ;Sg], k|r08ky xf] of]Æ eGg] uLt . s]
To:tf] ljnIf0f hfb' b]vfpg ;kmn eP, ltg} cfnf]lrt …k|r08Ú h:sf]
gfddf cfhsfn dfcf]jfbLx? o:tf] dWoo'\uLg :t'ltufg ufpg yfn] <
dfcf]jfbL g]t[Tjdf k|ltkIfL g]tf eg]/ rrf{ ul/g] 8f= afa'/fd e§/fO{
n]V5g\ ælj1fgsf s'g} gofF cfljisf/ j}1flgsx?sf] Pp6f 6Ldn] u5{ t/
To;sf] gfd Tof] l6dsf] k|d'v j}1flgss} gfdaf6 cfpF5 . To:t} k|r08
klg =====Æ o;/L k|r08sf] :t'ltufg ufpg afa'/fd ;d]t afWo ePsf] kl/j]znfO{
klg sDo'lgi6 g]tfx? ;xh ?kdf ln+b}gg\ . clxn]sf] dfcf]jfbL g]t[Tjdf
/x]sf k|foM ;a} g]tfx?sf /fhgLlts u'? df]xgljqmd l;x+ afa'/fdsf] of]
cleJolQmnfO{ ;d]t ;f]nf]8f]nf] ?kdf dWo'uLg b/jf/sf ef6sf] ;+1f lbG5g\ .
df]xgljqmd dfcf]jfbL g]t[Tj k+lQmsf nflu hlxn] klg 6fpsf] b'vfO aGg]
u/]sf 5g\ . dfcf]jfbLsf] /fli6«o e]nf xf];\ jf lj:tfl/t a}7s,
n]v jf cGtjf{tf{, o:tf] sxL 5}g hxfF Pd=jL= k|j[lQ eGb} df]xg ljqmdsf]
bf]xf]nf] gsfl9of];\ . dfcf]jfbL hgo'4nfO{ r'gfjk/:t / /fhfjfbL
nfOgaf6 k|]l/t eGb} cfPsf jl/i6 sDo'lgi6 g]tf Pd=jL= l;+x …k|r08kyÚ
k|lt s6fIf ub}{ eG5g\ æk|r08kysf] lg0f{on] jf:tjdf dfcf]jfbL ;d"xsf]
ktgsf] syfnfO{ atfpF5 . …k|r08kyÚsf] lg0f{o To;sf kIfdf
k|r08 k"/f zlQm nufPkl5dfq kfl/t x'g ;s]sf] lyof] . pgsf]
Tof] k|oTgn] pgLleq sfd u/]sf] r/d cfTd k|bz{g / JolQmjfbLtfsf] ;f]rfOnfO{
b]vfpF5 .Æ
df]xgljqmd l;+x k|r08nfO{ glhsaf6
lrg]sf], ;+ut u/]sf] cem eGg'kbf{ k|lzlIft u/]sf g]tf x'g\ .
df]xgljqmdn] k|r08;Fusf] ToxL cg'ejs} cfwf/df x'g'k5{ Ps k|;+udf eg]s
5g\ æof] k|r08kyn] pgLx?sf] g]t[Tjsf] Sofl/l/i6 blIf0fkGyL / cj;/jfbL
rl/qnfO{ pbfËf] kf/]sf] 5 . ca /fhfsf] k|ToIf zf;gdfq xf]Og ;a}
k|ltlqmofjfbL zlQmx? l;tsf] u7aGwg pgLx?nfO{ :jLsfo{ 5 .Æ
df]xgljqmdn] eg]h:t} …k|r08kyÚ
b/jf/dfu{ xF'b} gf/fo0flx6Ldf jf /fdzfxky x'Fb} l;+xb/jfdf uP/ hgo'4nfO{
la;fpg] …kyÚ xf] t < dfcf]jfbLsf] bf];|f] /fli6«o ;Dd]ngn]
gofF 9+usf] k|hftGqsf] df]8]n, bL3{sfnLg hgo'4sf] 7fpFdf cfd ;z:q
ljb|f]x clg o'u / b]z ;'xfpFbf] qmflGt tyf ;a}kIfLo cGtl/d ;/sf/sf
s'/fx?n] la:tf/} l;:g]sf] kxf8af6 lx+8]sf] dfcf]jfbL 5fkfdf/ ca la:tf/}
3'DtLx? kf/ ub}{ …k|r08kyÚ eP/ gf/fo0flx6L …/fhkydfÚ k'Ug]
eljiosf] ;DefjgfnfO{ rflx+ ;xh c8\sn ug{ ;lsg] ePsf] 5 .
dfcf]jfbLsf] bf];|f] /fli6«o
;Dd]ngn] ;j{kIfLo ;/sf/sf] s'/f lgs} s'l6n 9+un] p7fPsf] 5 .
dfcf]jfbLn] o;df /fhfsf] e"ldsfnfO{ k|d'vtf lbg] u/]sf 5g\ .
x'g ;S5 oxfF /fhsf] k|ToIf zf;g sfod ug]{ cGtlg{lxt p2]Zo n's]sf]
klg . oxfF /fhfjfbL dflgg] k"j{ k|wfgdGqL dl/rdfg l;+xsf]
egfO klg dxTjk"0f{ 5, pgn] dfcf]jfbLsf] o; lg0f{onfO{ :jfut of]Uo
atfP . To;}n] t, df]xgljqmd l;+x eG5g\ æpgLx?sf] clxn]sf] sfo{gLltsf]
klxnf] kl/0ffd of] x'g]5, ljBdfg ;+ljwfg jf ;+;bnfO{ ;dfKt kf/]/ /fhfsf]
xftdf ;Qf x:tfGt/0f .Æ
s] k|r08ky jf:tjd} gofF 9+uaf6
cfPsf] xf] t < k|r08kyn] sDo'lgi6 cfGbf]ngnfO{ s'g lbzfdf
n}hfG5 eGg] ;jfndf Pdfn], d;fn, Pstf s]Gb| / dfcf]jfbL;d]tsf g]tfx?n]
Jofks ljZn]if0f / s6' cfnf]rgfx? ul//x]sf 5g\ . k|r08ky dfcf]jfbLsf]
j}rfl/s ktgsf] ;+s]t xf] eGg] Pdfn] dxf;lrj dfwjs'df/ g]kfn / k|r08ky
dfcf]jfbLleq /x]sf] bf; dgf]j[lQ, lngKofcf]jfbL lrGtg / cGttM /fhfjfbL
nfOgsf] k/fsfi7f eGg] d;fnsf g]tf df]xgljqmd l;+xsf] ljrdf /x]/ ljZn]if0f
ub}{ jfdkGyL j'l4hLjL 8f= ljgo /f0ff eGg' x'G5 ædfcf]jfbLsf] ldln6\of06
kmf];{df /x]sf] /fhtGqlj/f]wL pu| :jefjnfO{ x]bf{ tTsfn s]xL eGg ;lsGg
t/ k|sf/fGt/df …k|r08kyÚ /fhb/jf/lt/} hfg] cfwf/x? w]/} 5g\ .Æ
bzjif{ cufl8 tTsfnLg g]skf dfn]sf dxf;lrj dbg e08f/Ln] cl3 ;f/]sf]
ljrf/ hgtfsf] ax'bnLo hgjfb cfh bz jif{ k5fl8 k|r08n] cl3 ;f/]sf]
…PSsfO;f}+ ztfAbLsf] ljZj ;'xfFpbf] / cfˆg} b]z / kl/l:ylt
;'xfpFbf]Ú gofF 9+usf] k|hftGqsf] df]8]n ;lxt ;+Zn]lift eP/ cfPsf]
k|r08ky klg g]kfnL sDo'lgi6 cfGbf]ngdf cWoog ug]{ k|;+u x'g\ .
olb !) jif{ k5fl8 g} kms{g' lyof] eg] @ xhf/ g]kfnLsf] /utn] e"ld
lsg l;l~rt ug'{k¥of] .
o;}df csf]{ Pp6f k|;Ë ;+of]udfq
klg x'g ;S5 . s]lx dlxgf cl3 jfdb]j uf}tdn] cl3 ;f/]sf] gofF
9+usf] ax'bn / dfcf]jfbLn] xfn} cl3;f/]sf] gofF df]8]nsf] k|hftGq
tyf jfdb]jn] cl3;f/]sf] ;+ljwfg ;ef, /fhf;lxtsf] k|wfgdGqLo zf;g k|0ffnL
/ k|r08kyn] cl3;f/]sf] /fhf ;lxtsf] ;j{kIfLo cGtl/d ;/sf/ / ;+ljwfg
;efljrsf] tfbDo t 5}g < st} jfdb]jky / k|r08kysf] e]6 gf/fo0flx6Lsf]
lqe'jg ;bgdf x'g] t xf]Og < eljiosf] ue{df sf] k:g] <
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