Sadhana5 (Nepal)

cf}iflwsf] ;xL k|of]u s;/L ug]{ <xL k|of]u s;/L ug]{ <

cf}iflwsf] ;xL k|of]usf nflu k|]l:qmK;gdf 8fS6/n] la/fdLsf] gfd, pd]/ ln+u -sex_ / 7]ufgf= ldlt= pkrf/ -Rx. Supercreption_, cf}iflwsf] gfd / dfqf= lgb]{zg {h:t}– s;/L lng], slt dfqf lng], s'g s'g ;dodf lng], slt lbg;Ddsf] nflu / ;fjwfgL -Precaution_}= 8fS6/ cyjf :jf:Yo sfo{stf{sf] gfd, b:tvt cflb n]v]sf x'g5g\. o;sf cltl/Qm lrlsT;sn] k|foMh;f] k|]l:qmK;gdf 5f]6s/Ldf Latin Abbreviation sf zAbx? klg k|of]u u/]sf x'G5g\. tL zAbx? klg a'lem/fVg' pkof]uL x'G5. h:t} M

la/fdL x'“bf cf}iflw vfg' :jfefljs xf]. cf}iflwn] /f]u lgsf] kfg]{, dflg;sf] hLjg cf/fdbfoL agfpg] dfq xf]Og hLjgnfO{ s]xL nDAofpg klg ;3fp“5. t/ cf}iflwsf] b'?kof]u ubf{ ToxL cf}iflw /f]usf] sf/0f, kmh'n vr{ / d[To'sf] sf/0f klg alg/x]sf] x'G5.

Ps tYofª\scg';f/ !*–@) k|ltzt dflg; cf}iflws} sf/0f la/fdL x'G5g\ eg] emG8} @) k|ltzt dflg; pkrf/s} sf/0f la/fdL x'G5g\. o;f] x'g'sf] d'Vo sf/0f cf}iflw tyf pkrf/sf] ;xL k|of]u geP/ jf pkrf/df uDeL/tf gckgfP/ ePsf] xf].

cf}iflwaf/] ;fwf/0f 1fg klg gePsf cfiflw laqm]tf k};fd'vL gSsnL 8fS6/x¿sf] e/ k/]/ / cfkm"v'zL cf}iflw k|of]u ug]{ u/]/ hLjg lbg] cf}iflw klg ljif alg/x]n] cf}iflwsf] ;xL ;b'kof]u ug{ h?/L 5.

g]kfndf hg;+Vofsf] cg'kftdf lgs} g} sd ;+Vofdf 8fS6/x¿ -! hgf 8fS6/n] nueu @# xhf/ la/fdL x]g'{kg]{_ 5g\. To;df klg 8fS6/x¿ ;x/L If]qdf s]lGb|t ePsfn] ax';+Vos ufp“ ePsf] xfd|f] h:tf] b]zdf 7"nf] hg;+Vof 8fS6/sf] ;]jfaf6 jl~rt x'g' :jfefljs xf]. o:tf] cj:yfdf cf}iflw;DaGwL 1fg gePsf tyf ;fdfGo 1fg ePsf JolQmx¿sf] ;Nnfxdf cf}iflwsf] k|of]u x'g' ;dfGo s'/f xf]. Ps k6s 8fS6/n] cf}iflw n]v]sf e/df km]l/ To:t} lsl;dsf] /f]u cfkm"nfO{ jf c?nfO{ klg ePdf ToxL cf}iflw k|of]u ug]{, k;ndf /f]u eg]/ cf}iflw lng] cflb k|rngn] g]kfndf cf}iflwsf] Jofks b'?kof]u eO/x]sf] b]lvG5.

8fS6/sf] ;]jf pknAw ePsf] jf gePsf] cj:yfdf klg cf}iflwsf] k|of]u ug'{kbf{ cfkm}+nfO{ o;;DaGwL s]xL hfgsf/L ePdf cf}iflwsf] ;xL ;b'kof]u x'g] / cf}iflwaf6 x'g] xflgaf6 arL nfe k|fKt ug{ ;lsg] ePsf]n] cf}iflwlj1x¿;“u ;Dks{ u/L s]xL hfgsf/L k|:t't ul/Psf] 5.

ue{jtL, s]6fs]6L / a"9fa"9LnfO{ cf}iflw v'jfp“bf

s'g} klg cf}iflwsf] ;]jg ubf{ jf u/fp“bf /f]uLsf] pd]/ / cj:yfnfO{ ljz]if Vofn ug'{k5{. pd]/ / cj:yfcg';f/ cf}iflwsf] dfqf / cf}iflw g} klg km/s x'g;S5. cf}iflw pkrf/ ubf{ ;fdfGotof dflg;sf] pd]/nfO{ # ;d"x -!$ jif{eGbf sdsf] aRrf, !$–^% jif{;Ddsf] jois / %^ jif{eGbf dflysf] pd]/ a"9fkfsf cj:yf_ df af“l8Psf] x'G5.

aRrfnfO{ klg ! dlxgfeGbf sd -Neonate_, ! dlxgfb]lv % jif{;Dd -Infant) / % jif{b]lv !$ jif{;Dd u/L ;d"x ljefhg ul/Psf] x'G5. vf;u/L ! dlxgfeGbf sdsf aRrfdf z/L/af6 cf}iflw lg:sf;g x'g] c+ux? g} k"0f{?kdf ljsl;t ePsf x'“b}gg\. To;}n] k|To]s ;d"xsf aRrfdf vf; cf}iflwsf] dfqf Pp6} x'g ;Qm}g. aRrfsf] tf}n a9L 5 eg]/ ;fgf] aRrfnfO{ klg 7"nf] aRrfsf] cg'kftdf cf}iflw lbg] u/]sf] b]lvG5 t/ of] aRrfsf] nflu xflgsf/s x'G5. ljleGg pd]/sf aRrfx¿sf] nflu cf}iflwsf] agfj6 -Dosage form_ klg km/s x'G5. Ps jif{eGbf sd sf] aRrfnfO{ k|of]u ug{ 8«K; -yf]kf_ x'G5 eg] ! b]lv % jif{sf] aRrfnfO{ k|foM emf]n cf}iflw g} tof/ ul/Psf] x'G5. To;sf/0f aRrf eg]/ cf}iflwsf] dfqf 36fP/ jois jf c? pd]/ ;d"xsf aRrfsf] lgldQ k|of]u x'g] cf}iflw k|of]u ug'{ xflgsf/s x'g;S5. To;}n]d aRrfsf] cf}iflw eg]/ p:t} /f]udf klg Pp6} cf}iflw ;a}nfO{ k|of]u ug'{ pko'Qm x'“b}g.

;fgf aRrfx¿sf] z/L/df cf}iflwsf] ?k kl/jt{g ug]{ tyf gi6 ug]{ OGhfOdx¿ c? pd]/sf dflg;sf] z/L/df eGbf 36La9L x'g] ePsfn] aRrfx¿nfO{ 7"nf dflg;sf] dfqfsf] cg'kftdf cf}iflw ;]jg u/fpg'x'“b}g. To;sf/0f :jf:YosdL{sf] ;Nnfxn] dfq cf}iflw ;]jg u/fpg'k5{. To;df klg s]xL cf}iflwx? t :jf:YosdL{sf] ;Nnfxa]u/ v'jfpg} x'“b}g. o:tf cf}iflwx¿df PlG6afof]l6S; -Antibiotics_, lxKgf]l6S; -Hypnotics_, :6]/f]O8\; (Steroids), PG6L lx:6fldG; -Antihistamines_, Pl:kl/g -Aspirin_ nufot cGo s]xL cf}iflw klg 5g\.

o:t} ue{jtL cj:yf b'O{j6f hLjgsf] ;+o'Qm / ;+j]bgzLn cj:yf ePsfn] o; cj:yfdf cf}iflwsf] k|of]u ubf{ ljz]if uDeL/tf ckgfpg'kg]{ x'G5. ue{jtL cj:yfdf cf}iflwsf] hyfefjL k|of]u ubf{ ue{jtL dlxnf / p;sf] k]6sf] aRrfsf] :jf:Yodf vt/f pTkGg x'g;S5. ue{ /x]sf] # dlxgf;Dd cgfjZos ?kdf cf}iflwsf] k|of]u ubf{ kl5 uP/ c·e· ePsf] aRrf hGdg ;S5. olb ue{ /x]sf] @ dlxgfb]lv ^ dlxgf;Ddsf] cjlwdf hyfefjL cf}iflwsf] k|of]u u/]df kl5 hGdg] aRrfsf] z/L/ jf s'g} vf; c·df g/fd|f] c;/ kg{ ;Sg] ePsfn] ue{jtL cj:yfdf ;DalGwt :jf:YosdL{sf] ;Nnfxadf]lhd dfq cf}iflw k|of]u ug'{k5{. s'g} cf}iflw vfg'kg]{ cj:yf cfp“bf klg cf}iflw n]Vg] :jf:YosdL{nfO{ cfkm" ue{jtL ePsf] hgfp lbg' plrt x'G5.

To:t} a"9fa"9L cj:yfdf klg hyfefjL cf}iflw k|of]u ubf{ To;n] :jf:Yodf k|lts"n c;/ kg{ ;Sg] ePsfn] cfkm"v'zL cf}iflw k|of]u ug'{x'“b}g.

a'9];sfndf ;fdfGotof z/L/df af];f]sf] dfqf a9\g hfg] / kfgLsf] dfqf 36\g hfg] x'G5. o; cj:yfdf z/L/sf ljleGg c·x¿ klg sdhf]/ x'G5g\. cfly{s, ;fdflhsnufot ljleGg sf/0fn] ubf{ lrGtf nfUg], lgb|f gnfUg], vfg dg gnfUg] h:tf cj:yf klg cfp“5g\. a"9fa"9L x'g yfn]kl5 sltkonfO{ slAhot klg x'G5. o; cj:yfdf sltko dflg;nfO{ PseGbf a9L k|sf/sf /f]ux¿ 8folal6h, /Qmrfk, ls8\gL /f]u, a|f]ª\sfOl6; cflb nfu]sf] x'g;S5. ljleGg sf/0fn] ubf{ :jf:YosdL{sf] ;Nnfxa]u/ g} PseGbf a9L cf}iflwx¿ ;]jg ul//x]sf] x'g;S5. Ps}rf]6L w]/} lslddsf cf}iflwx¿ k|of]u ubf{ a"9fa"9L cj:yfsf /f]uLx¿df cf}iflwsf] g/fd|f] c;/n] 7"nf] ;d:of pTkGg ug{ ;Sg] ePsfn] o; cj:yfdf cf}iflw k|of]u ubf{ ljz]if ;ts{tf ckgfpg h?/L 5.

o:t}u/L b'w v'jfpg] cj:yf klg lgs} ;+j]bgzLn cj:yf ePsfn] o; cj:yfdf klg cf}iflw k|of]u ubf{ ljz]if ;fjwfgL ckgfpg'kg]{ x'G5.

aRrfnfO{ b"w v'jfpg] cfdfn] la/fdL ePsf] cj:yfdf k|of]u u/]sf] cf}iflw s]xL dfqfdf b"waf6 lgisfl;t x'g] ub{5. :tgkfg ubf{ ;f] cf}iflw b"wsf] dfWodaf6 aRrfdf k'Ug uO{ c;/ ug{ ;S5. To;sf/0f PlDkl;lng -Ampicillin_, 6]6«f;fOlSng -Tetracycline_, Snf]/fDkm]lgsn Chloramphenical_, lyof]km]lng -Theophyllin_, 8foh]kfg -Diazepam_ h:tf cf}iflw :tgkfg u/fpg] dlxnfn] k|of]u ug'{ ;'/lIft dflg+b}g. cf}iflw k|of]u ug}{ kg]{ cj:yf ePdf cf}iflwn] c;/ ug{ ;Sg] cjlw;Dd b"w 5'6fpg'k5{.

sn]hf] / lduf}{nfsf] /f]u nfUbf cf}iflw

o:t}u/L z/L/sf vf; c+ux¿ sn]hf], lduf}{nf cflbdf /f]u nfu]sf cj:yfdf klg c? cf}iflw ;]jg ubf{–u/fp“bf ljz]if ;ts{tf ckgfpg'k5{.

xfdLn] ;]jg u/]sf cf}iflwx¿sf] ?k kl/jt{g u/]/ jf lgliqmo agfP/ z/L/af6 k7fpg sh]hf] -Liver_ n] dxŒjk"0f{ sfd u5{. lkQ agfpg] Pldgf]Pl;8nfO{ k|f]l6g agfpg], z/L/df lrgL vr{ ug]{ jf ;~ro ug]{, /S;LnfO{ gi6 ug]{ sfo{ klg sn]hf]n] g} u5{. t/ hyfefjL /S;L vfg] jf cf}iflw ;]jg ug]{ u/]df sn]hf]sf] Ifdtf 36\b} hfG5 / s'g} a]nf of] k"0f{?kdf /f]uL x'G5. sn]hf]sf] /f]u nfu]sf dlg;x¿n] ;fdfGo dfqfdf cf}iflw k|of]u ubf{ klg g/fd|f] c;/ kg{ ;S5. sn]hf];DaGwL /f]u nfu]sf dflg;x¿n] hyfefjL /S;L lkpg] / :jf:YosdL{sf] ;Nnfxa]u/ cf}iflw vfg'x'“b}g. vf;u/L sn]hf]sf /f]u nfu]sf JolQmx¿n] Antihistamines, Hypnotics, Aspirin, Erythromycin, Frusemide, Isoniazide cflb cf}iflw ;]jg ug'{x'“b}g.

lduf}{nfsf] /f]u nfu]sf] dflg;n] klg cf}iflw ;]jgdf ljz]if ;ts{tf ckgfpg} kg]{ u?/L 5. xfdLn] ;]jg u/]sf cf}iflwsf] sl/a () k|ltzt cf}iflw lduf}{nfåf/f -lk;fasf] af6f]_ aflx/ lgisf;g x'G5. lduf}{nfsf] /f]u nfu]sf] a]nf cf}iflwsf] ;fdfGo dfqf ;]jg u/] klg z/L/leq cf}iflwsf] c;/ a9\g uO{ g/fd|f] c;/ b]lvG5. To;sf/0f lduf}{nfsf] /f]u nfu]sf dflg;n] dfGotfk|fKt :jf:YosdL{sf] ;Nnfxa]u/ cf}iflw ;]jg ug'{x'“b}g. o:tf] cj:yfdf Cephalexin group sf cf}iflwx? Cotrimoxazole, Famotidine, lbuprofen tertacycline, Glibenclamide h:tf cf}iflwx? :jf:YosdL{sf] ;Nnfxcg';f/ dfq k|of]u ug'{kg]{ x'G5.

Ps}rf]6L w]/} cf}iflw vfg' plrt xf]<

oLnufot c? ;fdfGo cj:yfdf klg PseGbf a9L cf}iflw k|of]u ubf{ tL cf}iflwx¿ Ps–cfk;df cGt/lqmof eO{ Ps cf}iflwsf] sf/0fn] csf]{ cf}iflwsf] c;/nfO{ yk36 u/fpg ;Sg] ePsfn] dfGotfk|fKt :j:YosdL{n] lbPsf] lgb]{zgafx]ssf cj:yfdf Ps};fy b'O{j6f cf}iflw slxNo} klg k|of]u ug'{x'“b}g. olb k|of]u ug}{ kg]{ l:ylt cfPdf ;s];Dd #) ldg]6eGbf a9Lsf] km/s u/]/ dfq k|of]u ug'{k5{. h:t}– ue{jtL x'gaf6 aRgsf nflu kl/jf/ lgof]hgsf] vfg] rSsLsf] ;fydf Ifo/f]ulj?4 k|of]u ul/g] Rifampicin cf}iflw k|of]u u/]df kl/jf/ lgof]hgsf] vfg] rSsLsf] k|efjsfl/tf gx'g] eO{ ue{jtL x'g] ;Defjgf x'G5.

Diazepam cf}iflw -lgb|f nufpg]_ k|of]u ubf{ PnhL{sf] lj?4 k|of]u x'g] Antihistamine cf}iflw k|of]u u/]df a9L dfqfdf lgb|f nufpg] / slxn]sfxL+ vt/fs} l:ylt klg pTkGg ug]{ x'G5. 6]6«f;fOlSng cf}iflw k|of]u ubf{ PG6fl;8 tyf b"w jf b"waf6 ag]sf k]oj:t' Ps};fy ;]jg ubf{ 6«]6«f;fOlSnG; -Tetracyclines_ sf] k|efjsfl/tf g} sd x'g] x'G5.

o:t} dw'd]x -Diabetis_ sf la/fdLn] /utdf lrgL -Sugar_ sf] dfqf 36fpg k|of]u ug]{ cf}iflw;“u} /S;L -Alcohol_ ;]jg u/]df /utdf lrgLsf] dfqf clt g} sd x'g uO{ Hofg hf]lvddf kg{ ;S5.

To:t}u/L cfp“ ePsf a]nf k|of]u ul/g] cf}iflw Metronidazole ;“u} /S;L k|of]u u/]df kl;gf a9L cfpg] / /Qmrfk w]/} sd x'g uO{ a]xf]; klg x'g;S5. o:tf w]/} cj:yfx¿ x'G5g\.

Ps} ;dodf PseGbf a9L cf}iflw ;]jg ubf{ tL cf}iflwdf cfk;df x'g] cGt/lqmofnfO{ 8«uOG6/ofS;g elgG5. 8«uOG6/ofS;gn] cf}iflwsf] k|efj sd x'g], :jf:Yodf xflg gf]S;fgL k'Ug] tyf cgfjZos vr{ a9\g] ePsfn] PseGbf a9L cf}iflw k|of]u ug'{kbf{ dfGotfk|fKt :jf:YosdL{sf] ;Nnfx lng' clgjfo{ 5.

cf}iflw sltv]/ vfg] <

cf}iflw ;]jg ubf{ ljz]if Wofg k'¥ofpg'kg]{ csf]{ kIf cf}iflw vfgfcl3 jf kl5 s'g a]nf vfg] eGg] klg xf]. cf}iflw vfnLk]6df vfPdf rf“8f] /utdf k'uL a9L c;/ b]vfpg] eP tfklg vfnLk]6df vf“bf jfsjfsL nfUg] x'gfn] k|foM vfgf vfPkl5 vfg] ;'emfj lbOPsf] x'G5, t/ s'g} cf}iflw vfgfkl5 vf“bf rflxg] dfqfdf /utdf gk'uL rflxg] c;/ gx'g ;S5. To;}n] To:tf cf}iflw vfnLk]6df g} vfg'kg]{ x'G5 / :jf:YosdL{n] To:t} ;'emfj g} lbPsf x'G5g\. t/ cf}iflw k;ndf ;f]w]s} e/df jf cfkm"v'zL jf cf}iflw;DaGwL /fd|f] 1fg gePsf] dflg;sf] e/df k/]/ o:tf cf}iflw ;]jg ubf{ cf}iflwsf] k|efj} g'xg], sd k|efj x'g] / ;fO8 Okm]S6 x'g] ;Defjgf klg x'G5.

PlDkl;lng, Snf]S;fl;lng, 6«]6«f;fOlSng, Ol/y|f]dfOl;gh:tf cf}iflw vfnLk]6df g} vfg'k5{ eg] Pl:kl/g, cfO/g, le6fdLg, a|'lkmg cflb cf}iflw vfgf vfO;Sg]lalQs} vfg'kg]{ x'G5. t/ o;f] eP tfklg oL cf}iflwsf] k|of]u ug'{kbf{ cf?gf] lrlsT;s;“u /fd|/L hfgsf/L lng' pQd x'G5.

s'g cf}iflw s;/L k|of]u ug]{ <

cf}iflwnfO{ la/fdLsf] pd]/, cj:yf, /f]usf] l:ylt cflb x]/]/ ;f]cg';f/ k|of]u ug{ ;lhnf] xf];\ eg]/ 7f]; cw{7f]; / emf]n?kdf tof/ ul/Psf] x'G5. tL cf}iflwx¿nfO{ tf]lsPsf] ljlwcg';f/ g} k|of]u ubf{ dfq k|efjsf/L x'g] / s'g} xflg gf]S;fgL gk'¥ofpg] x'G5. To;sf/0f 7f];, cw{7f];, emf]n, 6\ofAn]6, SofK;'n h] n]lvPsf] x'G5 ToxL lsg]/ tf]lsPsf] ljlwcg';f/ g} k|of]u ug'{k5{. /, cf}iflwsf] ;]jg ug]{ ljlw klg tf]lsPcg';f/ g} ug'{kg]{ x'G5. s'g /f]u jf cj:yfdf s'g k|sf/sf] cf}iflw s;/L k|of]u ug]{ eGg] s'/f ;DalGwt :jf:YosdL{n] la/fdLnfO{ eG5g\ / elglbg'kg]{ klg x'G5. olb s'g} sf/0fn] :jf:YosdL{n] cf}iflw vfg] ljlw, dfqf, cjlw cflb a'em\g] u/L eg]sf jf n]v]sf 5}gg\ eg] la/fdLn] ;f] s'/f :jf:YosdL{;“u ;f]Wg'k5{. of] la/fdLsf] clwsf/ xf] eg] 8fS6/sf] eGg] st{Jo xf].

o;sf ;fy} cfkm"n] lsg]sf cf}iflwx¿sf] k|of]u ug]{ cjlw ;lsPsf] 5÷5}g eg]/ cf}iflwsf] vf]n jf l;;Ldf n]lvg] pTkfbg ldlt / ;lsg] cjlw klg k9\g'k5{ / cf}iflw ;xL cj:yfdf 5÷5}g Tof] klg /fd|f];“u x]/]/ dfq lng] / k|of]u ug]{ ug'{k5{. cf}iflwx¿ klxn] 6'6]km'6]sf] 5÷5}g eg]/ /fd|f];“u x]g'{k5{. olb 6'6km'6 ePsf] 5 eg] cf}iflwsf] dfqf k"/f ePsf] x'“b}g, h;n] ubf{ cfjZos dfqf gk'u]/ /f]u lgsf] gx'g ;S5. cf}iflwx¿ Dofb ;lsP/, :6f]/ ug]{ tl/sf gldn]/ jf pTkfbg k|lqmof /fd|f] geP/ s'g} klg ;dodf lau|g ;S5g\. cf}iflw lsGbf ljz]if ;fjwfgL ckgfPdf To:tf cf}iflw lrGg ;lsG5 / To:tf cf}iflw k|of]u ug'{x'“b}g.

cf}iflwaf6 g/fd|f] uGw cfPdf, /+u kl/jt{g ePdf, km'6]/ 6'qmf–6'qmf ePdf, kUn]df, 9';L b]lvPdf, /fd|/L g3f]lnPdf, 8Nnf k/]df, ;kmf gb]lvPdf cf}iflw lalu|Psf] x'g;Sg] ePsfn] To:tf cf}iflw k|of]u ug'{x'“b}g.

SofK;'n cf}iflwx¿nfO{ d'vdf xfn]kl5 grkfO{sg l;·} lgNg'k5{. To:t} clwsf+z rSsL cf}iflwx¿ klg grkfOsg g} lgNg'kg]{ x'G5. t/ Chewable tablet n]lvPsfnfO{ rkfP/ g}, Sublingual tablet nfO{ lha|f]d'lg /fv]/, Lozenges nfO{ r';]/, Dipersible jf Soluble jf Effervasecent tablet nfO{ kfgLdf 3f]n]/, Kid Tablet nfO{ lrof rDrfdf kfgLdf 3f]n]/ dfq k|of]u ug'{k5{. Vaginal tablet -Pessary_ of]lgdf /fVg] 6\ofAn]6 ePsf]n] lgb]{zg lbPadf]lhd of]lgleq /fVg'k5{. SofK;'n jf 6\ofAn]6 6'qmf kf/]// jf km'6fP/ cfkm"v'zL k|of]u ug'“x'“b}g.

o:t} cf“vfdf xfNg] yf]kf -Drops_ cf}iflwx¿ Ps k6s l;n vf]ln;s]kl5 dfGotfk|fKt :jf:YosdL{sf] ;'emfjcg'?k tf]lsPsf] cjlw;Dd dfq k|of]u ug'{k5{. af“sL /x]sf] cf}iflw k'gM k|of]usf nflu ;'/lIft gx'g] x'gfn] ;~ro u/L /fVg'x'“b}g. ;fy} o:tf] cf}iflw Ps JolQmn] dfq k|of]u ug'{k5{, af“sL /x\of] eGb}df csf]{n] k|of]u ug'{x'“b}g.

sfgleq xfNg] yf]kf cf}iflw -Ear Drops_ df klg o:t} ;fjwfgL ckgfpg'k5{. cf“vfdf /fVg] sltko yf]kf cf}iflw sfgdf klg k|of]u ug{ ;lsg] n]lvPsf] x'G5. To:tf cf}iflw sfgdf xfNg klg ;lsG5 t/ sfgleq xfNg n]lvPsf] yf]kf cf}iflw cf“vfdf slxNo} klg k|of]u ug'{x'“b}g. sfgdf cf}iflw xfn]kl5 % ldg]6 hlt dfly g} kmsf{P/ /fVg'k5{.

gfsdf /flvg] yf]kf cf}iflw nfdf] ;do;Dd k|of]u ubf{ gfssf] leqL efudf k|efj u/L Zjf;–k|Zjf;df g} cj/f]w x'g] x'“bf hyfefjL k|of]u ubf{ vt/f x'g;S5. of] cf}iflw gfssf] Kjfn k'5]/ dfq k|of]u ug'{k5{.

lnlgd]G6\; -Liniments_ n]lvPsf] cf}iflw 5fnfdf dfln; u/L nufpg'k5{ t/ o:tf cf}iflw 3fp ePsf] jf 5fnf lrl/Psf] 7fp“df k|of]u ug'{x'“b}g. o:t} ufu{N; -Gargles_ n]lvPsf] cf}iflw afx\o k|of]hgs} cf}iflw ePsfn] o;nfO{ lgNg'x'“b}g. s'g}–s'g} afx\o k|of]usf cf}iflwdf PlKns];g -Application_ n]lvPsf] x'G5. o:tf cf}iflwx¿ k|of]u ug'{cl3 xNnfP/ Psgf;n] ldl;Pkl5 dfq k|of]u ug'{k5{. o:t} u'båf/df /flvg] ;kf]lh6/L -Suppositories_ sf]N6f] kf/]/ u'båf/df ;s];Dd leq;Dd k'Ug] u/L cf}+nfn] l5/fpg'k5{. ;kf]lh6/LnfO{ ;s];Dd lr;f] 7fp“df ;~ro u/L /fVg'k5{.

cf}iflw k|of]usf] ;Gbe{df ;'O{ -Ingection) lgs} ;fjwfgL ckgfpg'kg]{ cf}iflw xf]. ;'O{ t'?Gt c;/ ug{ / @–# xKtf;Dd c;/ Nofpg pkof]uL agfj6 xf]. cGo dfWodaf6 ;]jg x'g g;Sg] sltko cf}iflw o; dfWodaf6 ;]jg u/fOG5. w]/} dflg;x¿ ;'O{df ljz]if zlQm x'G5 eGg] e|ddf ;'O{sf] cgfjZos k|of]u ug]{ u5{g\. Og?8 -INRUD_ g]kfnn] t/fO{df u/]sf] Ps ;j]{If0fdf ;'O{n] k|efjzfnL pkrf/ u5{ eg]/ ljZjf; ug]{x¿ $^ k|ltzt ePsf] kfOof]. To;dWo] s]xL la/fdL cfkm}n] g} :jf:YosdL{nfO{ ;"O{ nufOlbg cfu|x ug]{ u/]sf] klg cWoogsf qmddf kfOof].

sf7df8f}+ pkTosfdf eGbf t/fO{df ;'O{sf] k|of]u a9L x'g] u/]sf] kfOPsf] 5. ;f] cWoogcg';f/ t/fO{df !* k|ltzt la/fdLnfO{ Ps jf PseGbf a9L ;"O{ lbOPsf] kfOPsf] 5 eg] sf7df8f}+ pkTosfdf % k|ltzt /f]uLnfO{ ;'O{ lbg] u/]sf] kfOPsf] 5.

;'O{ bIf JolQmaf6 dfq lbOg'k5{. ;"O{ cf}iflwx¿ d'vaf6 ;]jg ul/g] cf}iflwx¿eGbf a9L dx“uf x'G5g\ / k|of]u ul/g] ;fwg klg dx“uf x'G5g\. ;'O{ cf}iflw ;Lwf /Qm;~rf/df k'Ug] x'“bf s]xL a9L k|of]u eof] / aflx/ lgsfNg k/]df cGo af6f]sf] h:tf] ;Dej gePsfn] Hofg hf]lvddf x'g] ;Defjgf x'G5. ;'O{ nufp“bf kmf]xf]/ ePdf kfSg] 8/ x'g] / Pp6} ;'O{ csf]{n] k|of]u u/]df /f]u ;g]{ ;Defjgf klg x'g] ePsfn] cgfjZos?kdf ;'O{ lng'x'“b}g / lng'kbf{ klg bIf JolQmaf6 dfq lng'k5{.

vf]sL /f]u xf]Og, cf}iflwsf] h?/t 5}g

hf8f] df};d / hf8f]af6 udL{ df};d ;'? x'g] jf udL{af6 hf8f] df};d ;'? x'g] a]nfdf w]/} dflg;nfO{ vf]sL nfu]sf] x'G5. vf]sL nfu]kl5 w]/} dflg;x¿n] vf]sLsf emf]n cf}iflwx¿ lsg]/ vfPsf] klg b]lvG5. vf]sLsf] cf}iflw g]kfndf a9L laSg] cf}iflwx¿sf] ;"rLdf t];|f] gDa/df k5{. g]kfndf k|To]s jif{ sl/a @) s/f]8 ?lkof“ a/fa/sf vf]sLsf cf}iflwx¿ laqmL x'g] u/]sf] kfOPsf] 5. @)%& ;fnsf] /]s8{cg';f/ o:tf vf]sLsf cf}iflwx¿ sl/a ^ s/f]8 ?lkof“ a/fa/sf] g]kfnaf6} pTkfbg ePsf] / emG8} !# s/f]8 ?lkof“ a/fa/sf cf}iflw ef/taf6 cfoft ePsf] b]lvPsf] 5.

jf:tjdf vf]sL /f]u xf]Og / o;sf nflu cf}iflw vfg' h?/L gePsf] s'/f cf}iflwlj1x¿ atfp“5g\. t}klg vf]sL lgsf] kfg]{ cf}iflw eg]/ ljleGg lsl;dsf cf}iflwx¿ lrlsT;sn] n]Vg] / la/fdLn] lsGg] u/]sf] b]lvG5.

Zjf;k|Zjf; k|0ffnLcGtu{t s'g} k|sf/sf] u8a8L ePdf vf]sL nfUg ;S5. vf]sL eg]sf] kmf]S;f]sf] k|lt/IffTds -Defensive_ k|0ffnL xf]. vf]sL;DaGwL s'/fx¿ dl:tisaf6 lgoGq0f x'G5g\.

;fdfGotof vf]sL nfUg'df s]xL ljz]if sf/0fx¿ 5g\. s'g} lsl;dsf] PnhL{ x'“bf vf]sL nfUg ;S5. :jf;k|:jf;sf] af6f]df s'g} aflx/L j:t'sf] k|j]zsf] sf/0fn] klg vf]sL nfUg ;S5. AofS6]l/of, efO/;, kmª\u; -Fungus_ sf sf/0f :jf;k|:jf; k|0ffnLdf ;ª\qmd0f x'“bf klg vf]sL nfUg ;S5. o;afx]s vf]sLsf cGo sf/0fx¿ klg x'g;S5g\.

vf]sL /f]u geO{ s'g} /f]usf] nIf0f dfq ePsfn] vf]sL nfUbf vf]sLsf] cf}iflw vfg'eGbf vf; /f]usf] klxrfg u/L ;f] /f]usf] pkrf/ u/fpg' h?/L x'G5. t/ To;f] eP tfklg ahf/df vf]sLsf nflu eg]/ ljleGg lsl;dsf cf}iflwx¿ kfOg5g\. oL cf}iflwx¿nfO{ # efudf af“8]/ x]g{ ;lsG5.

Cough Expectorant ;d"xsf] vf]sLsf] cf}iflwn] vsf/nfO{ lgsfNg] sfd u5{ elgG5, t/ oL cf}iflwx¿ k|efjsf/L g} x'g\ eGg] s'/f xfn;Dd k|dfl0ft ePsf] 5}g. To:t} Cough Suppressants ;d"xsf vf]sLsf cf}iflwn] vf]sLnfO{ bafpg] sfd u5{g\. To;}n] oL cf}iflwx¿ TolQs} vt/gfs x'g\, lsgeg] o;n] /f]usf] nIf0fnfO{ bafpg] sfd u5{g\. To;sf/0f lrlsT;ssf] ;Nnfxljgf o; ;d"xsf vf]sLsf cf}iflw ;]jg ug'{x'“b}g. oL cf}iflwn] s]xL g/fd|f c;/x¿ -Side effects_ klg b]vf kg{ ;S5g\.

o;}u/L Mucolytic agents ;d"xsf] cf}iflwn] vsf/nfO{ kftnf] agfp“5. t/ of] cf}iflweGbf klg kfgLsf] afkm lng' lgs} g} pkof]uL x'G5. vf]sL nfUbf kfgLsf] afkm k|of]u ugf{n] Expectorant h:t} sfd u5{. To;sf/0f vf]sL nfUbf ;s];Dd cf}iflw vfg'x'“b}g, a? To;sf] sf/0f klxrfg ug'{k5{ / vf]sL lgsf] kfg{ ;fdfGotof kfgLsf] afkm g} pkof]uL ePsf]n] ahf/df kfOg] ljleGg lsl;dsf cf}iflwx¿ vfg'eGbf tftf]kfgLsf] afkm k|of]u ug'{ g} /fd|f] x'g] s'/f cf}iflwlj1x¿ atfp“5g\.

o:t} emf8fkvfnfsf] ;xL pkrf/ klg c? s'g} cf}iflw geO{ g'g, lrgL, kfgL -ORS ÷ hLjg hn, gjhLjg cflb_ g} ePsf] s'/f cf}iflwlj1x¿ atfp“5g\. t/fO{sf lhNnfdf Og?8 g]kfnn] u/]sf] ;j]{If0fcg';f/ emf8fkvfnf nfu]sf la/fdLnfO{ cf};t @=# j6f cf}iflwx¿sf] k|of]u / @& k|ltzt la/fdLx¿nfO{ Ps jf ;f]eGbf a9L PlG6afof]l6sx¿ lbPsf] kfOPsf] 5. tL la/fdLx¿dWo] !$ k|ltztnfO{ dfq :t/Lo pkrf/ tflnd -STS_ cg';f/ pkrf/ u/]sf] kfOPsf] 5.

jf:tjdf cf}iflw ;]jfsf] j:t' eP tfklg xfn of] Jofkfl/s j:t'sf ?kdf ahf/df cfPsfn] pTkfbs tyf laqm]tfx¿n] a9L laqmL u/fpg k|rf/ ug]{, k|efjdf kfg]{, PseGbf a9L / cgfjZos ?kdf cf}iflw k|of]u ug{ ;3fpg] u5{g\. cf}iflw cToGt} ;+j]bzLn j:t' xf]. o;n] Hofg lng klg ;S5 / arfpg klg ;S5. To;sf/0f o;sf] ;xL ;b'kof]u ug]{ afgL a;fNg'k5{. cf}iflwsf] hyfefjL k|of]u :jf:Yosf nflu xflgsf/s ePsf]n] o;sf] k|of]udf ;w}+ ;ts{tf ckgfpg'k5{.

of] n]v kmdf{:o"l6sN; xf]/fOhg ckm g]kfn (PHON) ;“u ;Da4 cf}iflw ljz]if1 8f= s'd'bs'df/ sf?n], kmdf{l;i6x¿ /fwf/d0fk|;fb zfx, lzj sfsL{, ljdndfg >]i7, afa'/fd x'dfufO+{ / efjf /fhe08f/L;“u s'/fsfgL u/L tof/ ul/Psf] xf]. kmdf{:o"l6sN; xf]/fOhg ckm g]kfn (Pharmaceutical Horizon of Nepal) cfd;~rf/nufot ljleGg k];fdf sfo{/t JolQmx¿nfO{ cf}iflwsf] ;xL ;b'kof]u ;DaGwdf tflnd lbg], hfgsf/L lbg], cf}iflwsf] k|of]u;DaGwdf cWoog–cg';Gwfg ug]{ u}/;/sf/L ;+:yf xf]. o; ;+:yfn] s]xL xKtfcl3 cfd;~rf/df sfo{/t kqsf/x¿sf nflu o:t} sfo{qmd ;~rfng u/]sf] lyof].

k|:t'lt M nId0f clwsf/L