|
blIf0f sf]l/ofsf bz
;f]n;f]n u|]hLdf :ki6;u ;+s]tx¿ pNn]v
ul/Psf] ;f]nsf] d]6«f] ;aj] l;:6dnfO{ lgs} ;'/lIft ;'ljwfhgs oftfoftsf] ;fwgsf]
¿kdf lrlgG5. ;g\ !(&$ df klxnf] k6s ;~rfng ul/Potf ;f]n ;aj] l;:6dsf] lj:tf/
x'b} cfPsf] 5. xfn @ ;o ^@ j6f :6];g ePsf] s'n @ ;o ls=ld= b"/Lsf] cf7j6f
;aj]n] ;f]nsf] k|To]s lbzf;u hf]8\g] oftfoft ;+~hfn la5\ofPsf] 5. ;f]nsf] a;;]jf klg
k|z+;gLo 5. Toxf b}lgs k|To]s %!) ldg]6df $ ;oj6f leGgfleGg} ?6df * xhf/ %
;oj6f a; ;~rflnt 5g\. ;f]n ljZjsk /·zfnf gfd M ;f]n ljZjsk /·zfnf :yfg M %!%, l;cf]·;fg8f]·,
dfkf]u', ;f]n Ifdtf M ^$,&@* l;6 lgdf{0f k"/f ePsf] ldlt M gf]e]Da/
!), @))! ljz]iftf eLcfO{kL / k|];sf nflu ztk|ltzt 5fgfo'Qm
a:g] 7fp, ckf·x¿sf nflu ljz]if l;6 / (#% k|ltzt l;6 ;j{;fwf/0fsf nflu. pb\3f6g ;df/f]x x'g] /·zfnf o;sf] lgdf{0fsfo{ ;g\ !((* sf] cS6f]a/df
;'? ePsf] lyof]. d'Vo kl/of]hgfx¿ ;g\ @))@ df gof ;f]n :jod\;]jf
;~rfng. ljZjsksf] dfWodaf6 ;f]nnfO{ cGt/f{li6«o
ko{6g ;x/df kl/0ft. If]qLo cfly{s ljsf; gLltx¿ k|j4{g. ;f]nsf] ;8s k"jf{wf/sf] dd{t /
lj:tf/ k/Dk/fut snf ;f}Gbo{nfO{ ;d]6]/ r+uf /
9'+uf cfsf/sf] /·zfnf. Oltxf; kvf{n / ck"0f{ kvf{nåf/f
gof ;x;|fAbLsf] k|:tfjgfsf] k|ltlglwTj. cfp68f]/ lyP6/sf] lgdf{0f / /·zfnf
Joj:yfkgåf/f o;sf] k|of]usf] lj:tf/. :jLldªk'n, :Sjf; sf]6{, uNkm sf];{,
;f}gf lkm6\g]; Sna, P/f]ljs Snf;, u]d ;]G6/ cflb. km'8 sf]6{, lyd /]:6'/]G6, Jofkfl/s
lhNnf, v]ns'b s]Gb|, Do'lhs l/s8{ k;n, Jojl:yt rd]gfu[x, v]ns'b ;fdu|L e08f/. Oe]G6 xn, P8\h:6]jn :6]h, dN6L l;g]df,
ljZjsk :df/s xn, ;f+:s[lts s]Gb|, v]ns'b sIff cflb. PGs]cf]g !(cf}+ ztfAbLdf hf];]cf]g j+zsf] cGTolt/
nfdf] ;do;Dd Psnsf6] gLlt cjnDag ub}{ cfPsf] o; j+zn] :jtGq Jofkf/sf] gLlt ckgfPb]lv of]
PGs]cf]g Pp6f k|d'v cGt/f{li6«o aGb/ufx ;x/sf] ¿kdf b]vf k/]sf] xf]. ( ;o %* ju{lsnf]ld6/ If]qdf km}lnPsf]
tyf @^ nfv hg;+Vof ePsf] of] ;x/ pQ/k"jL{ Pl;ofsf] Jofkfl/s s]Gb|sf] ¿kdf b]vf
k/]sf] 5. ljZje/s} dfnafxs hxfhx¿ PGs]cf]g aGb/ufxdf k'Ug] u5{g\. oxf sf]l/ofnfO{
lrlgof ;x/xh:t} l;ofglhg, ;f+3fO / j]OxfO;u hf]8\g] 8'·f;]jf klg ;~rflnt 5.
o;n] rLg / sf]l/ofaLrsf] ;fd'lb|s cfbfgk|bfgnfO{ lj:tf/ u/]sf] 5. ;g\ @))! sf] @( dfr{b]lv
;~rflnt PGs]cf]g cGt/f{li6«o ljdfg:ynn] a;]{lg !) s/f]8 ofq'nfO{ ;]jf k|bfg ub}{ cfPsf]
5. of] ljdfg:ynn] pQ/k"jL{ Pl;ofsf] Jofkfl/s p2]Zosf nflu k|d'v oftfoft dfWodsf]
e"ldsf lgefpb} cfPsf] 5. PGs]cf]g d'gxfs /·zfnf gfd M PGs]cf]g d'gxfs /·zfnf :yfg M d'gxfs8f]·, gfdu',
PGs]cf]g Ifdtf M %),@%^ l;6 -:kf]6{;\ sDKn]S;_ lgdf{0fsfo{ ;s]sf] ldlt M -l8;]Da/ @))!_ ljz]iftf ztk|ltzt l;6dfly 5fgfsf] Joj:yf ePsf] o;
/·zfnfdf pRr k|ljlwsf] :sf]/af]8{ /flvPsf] 5. c08fsf/ Psdfly csf]{ u/L /flvPsf]
afb{nLx¿ / cGo y'k|} a:g] 7fpsf] ;'ljwf 5. ;g\ !(($ sf] h'nfO{df ;'? ePsf] o;sf]
lgdf{0fsfo{ @))! sf] @ l8;]Da/df k"/f ePsf] lyof]. /·zfnf k|of]u;DaGwL of]hgfx¿ lkm6g]; / P/f]las ;]G6/x¿. /]i6'/]G6 / lu|N;. ax'p2]ZoLo xn, ljjfx xn, /flq ef]h xn,
;f+:s[lts s]Gb|, Jofkfl/s s]Gb|, ef8fsf] ;'ljwf. kx]+nf] ;fu/ d'Vo klZrdLåf/sf] ¿kdf
PGs]cf]gsf] ljsf;. s]a'n / d]Da|]g :6«Sr/ l;:6dsf] k|of]u
u/L Pp6f :df/s ejgsf] lgdf{0f ug'{. :kf]6{;\ sDKn]S;sf] ljsf;. ;'cf]g ;'cf]g u0ftGq sf]l/ofsf] s]Gb|Lo efudf
/x]sf] u]pgf]GuL k|fGtsf] dWoblIf0fL If]qdf cjl:yt 5. !* cf}+ ztfAbLdf hf];]g j+zsf]
kfnfdf ;d|f6 lhof]·hf]åf/f ljsf; ul/Psf] of] ;x/ sf]l/ofs} klxnf] of]hgfa4 ;x/ xf].
lhof·hf]n] zfxL cbfntnfO{ ;f]naf6 ;'cf]gl:yt cf?gf lktf /fhs'df/ hf·x]of]gsf] ;dflwglhs
;f/L cf?gf] lktfk|lt >4f~hln JoQm ug{ / /fhgLlts ;'wf/ ug{ rfx]sf lyP. o;sf nflu pgn]
xjf;]of]· lsNnf agfpg nufO{ ;f] If]qdf 7"nf] a:tL a;fP/ ;x/ lgdf{0f u/fPsf lyP.
o'g]:sf]sf] ljZj ;Dkbf ;ldltn] o; lsNnfnfO{ !* cf}+ ztfAbLsf] ;}Go jf:t'snfsf] cg'kd
gd'gfsf] ¿kdf k|z+;f u/]sf] 5. of] ;x/ ljljw rf8kj{ / ;'cf]g ufNjL -Ps k|sf/sf] df;'sf]
dL7f] kl/sf/_n] ubf{ ko{6sx¿sf] cfsif{0fsf nflu klg k|Voft 5. ;'cf]g ljZjsk /·zfnf gfd M ;'cf]g ljZjsk /·zfnf :yfg M pdfg8f]·, kfnbfnu',
;'cf]g Ifdtf M $#,!#* l;6 -km'6an v]nsf nflu
dfq_ lgdf{0f k"/f ePsf] ldlt M !# d],
@))! ljz]iftf sf]l/ofsf] ;fDa' sG:6«S;g / k|mfG;sf]
;]G6 8]lg; /·zfnf lgdf{0f ug]{ k|]mGr sG:6«S;g sDkgLsf] ;+o'Qm k|of;df lgld{t. cg'kd kv]6f cfsf/sf] 5fgf. /·zfnf k|of]usf nflu of]hgfx¿ OG8f]/ :jLldª k'n / uNkm /]Gh /]:6'/]G6, v]ns'b ;fdu|L e08f/, v'b|f /
ef/L 5'6sf v]n ;fdu|L laqmL s]Gb|. ax'p2]ZoLo xn -pbfx/0fsf nflu ljjfx xn_,
;fgf] lyP6/, ;Dd]ng s]Gb|, clt ljlzi6x¿sf nflu dlb/f ;]jg sIf. d'Vo kl/of]hgfx¿ ljb]zLx¿nfO{ sf]l/ofnL ;+:s[lt /
/xg;xg;u kl/lrt u/fpg ltgLx¿nfO{ sf]l/ofnL kl/jf/df a:g] ;'ljwf. ;'cf]g ;kmf / pbf/x0fLo :gfgu[xx¿. /·zfnf lgdf{0fsf nflu hg;xof]u /
:jod\;]jf. sf]l/ofsf] k|frLgtd ;x/dWo] Ps ;'cf]gdf
cfw'lgs / P]ltxfl;s jf:t'snfsf] ;+ud b]Vg ;lsG5. glkmhfOPsf] kIfLsf] kv]6f cfsf/sf]
5fgf. km'6an sDKn]S; / cEof; ug]{ 7"nf]
rp/ tyf eJo /·zfnf 8]h]cf]g gfd M 8]h]cf]g ljZjsk /·zfnf :yfg M gf]Pg8f]·,
o';]cf]·u', 8]h]cf]g Ifdtf M $),&*@ l;6 -of] /·zfnf
km'6ansf nflu dfq_ lgdf{0f k"/f ePsf] ldlt M !#
;]K6]Da/, @))! /·zfnf k|of]usf nflu of]hgfx¿ lhDGofl;od, lhDGofl:6S;, :jLldª k'n,
:Sjf; sf]6{, 6]a'n6]lg; sf]6{, P]/f]laS; Snf;, lkm6\g]; ;]G6/, uNkm /]Gh, ljlnof8{. /]:6'/]G6, :Gofs af/x¿, :yfgLo vfBfGg
e08f/, :kf]6{;\ Uofn/L, v]n ;fdu|L e08f/. cfp68f]/ lyP6/, k|bz{gL{ xn, xl/of]
;fj{hlgs pBfg / uf]i7L xnx¿. pRr k|ljlwsf] 5fgfo'Qm /·zfnf. bz{sx¿sf nflu ljlzi6 /·zfnf Joj:yfkg
of]hgf. hf]Gh' sf]l/ofnLx¿dfem ;+:s[lt / dL7f] vfBfGg
kl/sf/sf nflu k|Voft o; ;x/sf] s'gfsfKrfdf o;sf] ljz]iftf emlNsPsf] 5. o; ;x/n] uf}/jzfnL
Oltxf; af]s]sf] 5. of] If]q hf];]cf]g j+zsf] kl/jf/ oLsf] d"n ynf] xf]. oxf
k'GugfDd'g åf/, u]cf]lGuh]cf]g -d"lt{_ / ufPs;f gfds Ps k|frLg ;/sf/L cltlyu[xh:tf
P]ltxfl;s bz{gLo :ynx¿ /x]sf 5g\. ;fy} of] ;x/ oxf :yfgLo :jflbi6 kl/sf/sf nflu
k|Voft 5. hf]Gh' hf]Gh' ljljDjfj -;fu;AhL;u ksfOPsf] eft_, hf]Gh' xfGh]cf]·l;s
-k/Dk/fut hf]Gh' z}nLsf] k"0f{tM sf]l/ofnL kl/sf/_ hf]Gh' sf]Gugfd'Nu's\afa -pl;g]sf]
rfdn / l;dLsf] ;'?jf_ oxfsf k|d'v cfsif{0f x'g\. ljut b'O{ ;o jif{b]lv hf]Gh'n]
k|To]s jif{ sf]l/ofnL k/Dk/fut zf:qLo ;+uLt -hf]Gh' b];f;] pKgf]/L_ k|ltof]lutfsf]
cfof]hgf ub}{ cfPsf] 5. k/Dk/fut lrqsnf / x:tn]vgsf nflu k|of]u
ul/g] xfGhL gfds sf]l/ofsf] k/Dk/fut lsDa' sfuhsf nflu klg of] ;x/ k|Voft 5. hf];]cf]g
o'udf oxf pTkflbt cd"No xfGhLsf] 7"nf] kl/df0f rLgdf lgof{t x'g] uYof]{.
k|frLg tyf cfw'lgs snf / ;+:s[ltsf] hu]0ff{df cu|k+lQmdf /x]sf] of] ;x/df cGt/f{li6«o
rnlrq dxf]T;j, sfuh pT;j, cGt/f{li6«o ;f]/L -cfjfh_ pT;jb]lv lnP/ cGt/f{li6«o x:tn]vg
k|ltof]lutf;d]t cfof]lht eO;s]sf] 5. gfd M hf]Gh' ljZjsk /·zfnf :yfg M afGjn8f]·,
l8cf]slhgu', hf]Gh' Ifdtf M $@,$&& :yfg -km'6ansf]
nflu dfq_ lgdf{0f k"/f ePsf] ldlt M *
gf]e]Da/, @))! ljz]iftf ;j{;fwf/0f a:g] 7fpsf] %) k|ltzt
efudf 5fgfsf] Joj:yf, ljlzi6 JolQmx¿ / k|];sf nflu ztk|ltzt 5fgfo'Qm a:g] 7fp. b'O{j6f 7"nf] -@)ld!)ld_sf]
:sf]/af]8{. /·zfnfsf] k|of]usf nflu of]hgf lkm6g]z ;]G6/, al;laofnf] ug]{
s]Gb|, v]ns'b ;'ljwf, v]n sIfx¿. /]:6'/]G6, v]ns'b ;fdu|L e08f/, sDKo'6/
-;fOj/_ e08f/, k':ts e08f/ / 7"nf] :6];g/L e08f/ / 7"nf] Jofkf/ s]Gb|. ljjfx xn, l;g]Kn]S; / :yfgLo nf]sahf/. d'Vo kl/of]hgfx¿ ;fOsnnfO{ oftfoftsf] k|d'v ;fwgdWo]
Pssf] ¿kdf k|j4{g ug'{. ljz]if sf]l/ofnL ;f+:s[lts lhNnfsf]
ljsf; ug'{. sf]l/ofnL k/Dk/fut dxfsfJo -kfg ;f]/L_
sf] k|j4{gsf nflu gfr3/sf] :yfkgf ug'{. hf]Gh'lrcf]g If]qdf j[If/f]k0f u/L
kfs{sf] ¿kdf ljsf; ug'{. k+vf / kv]6f cfsf/sf] 5fgf / :6\ofG8
lgdf{0f ug'{. /fd|f] afnL / ufpsf] ;'/Iffsf]
nflu k|fy{gf ul//x]sf] ;+s]t lbg] ;f]T8] cfsf/sf] d'Vo :tDesf] lgdf{0f. !@ j6f tf/fo'Qm ufof gfds ;f+uLlts
jfBjfbg oGqsf] ljsf; / k|j4{g ug'{. UjfGh' sf]l/ofnL k|foåLksf] blIf0fklZrdL
efudf cjl:yt UjfGh' sf]l/ofs} kfrf} ;a}eGbf 7"nf] ;x/ xf]. o;sf] hg;+Vof !# nfv
5. a]Sh] j+zsf] cg'kd ;f+:s[lts b]g
hf];]cf]g j+zsf] snfTds / af}l4s j/bfgx¿sf] ynf] of] ;x/ ;+:s[lt / snfsf] dlGb/sf] ¿kdf
klg lrlgG5. UjfGh'sf] ;f+:s[lts k[i7e"lds} sf/0f oxf y'k|} snfsf/ / lj4fgx¿sf]
hGd ePsf] 5. ;g\ !((% df oxf cfof]lht UjfGh' laoGg]n gfds cGt/f{li6«o snfdxf]T;jdf
Pl;of / ljZjs} y'k|} k|ltli7t cfw'gls snfsf/x¿n] efu lnPsf lyP. of] ;x/ k/Dk/fut :jflbi6
kl/sf/sf nflu klg lgs} k|Voft 5. of] ;x/n] sf]l/ofnL /fhgLlt / sf]l/ofnfO{ k|hftGqlt/
pGd'v ug]{tkm{ P]ltxfl;s e"ldsf v]n]sf] lyof]. UjfGh' ljZjsk /·zfnf gfd M UjfGh' ljZjsk /·zfnf :yfg M k'Gufd8f]·, l;cf]u',
UjfGh' Ifdtf M $#,!@! l;6 -km'6ansf] nflu dfq_ lgdf{0f ;DkGg ePsf] ldlt M !# gf]e]Da/,
@))! ljz]iftf ljlzi6 JolQmx¿ -eLcfO{kL_ / k|];nfO{
/flvg] :yfgdfly ztk|ltzt 5fgf / ;j{;fwf/0f a:g] :yfgsf] ^) k|ltzt efudf 5fgfsf] Joj:yf. b'O{j6f 7"nf /+uLg :sf]/af]8{. ;\g !((* sf] gf]e]Da/df ;'? ePsf] o;sf]
lgd{0fsfo{ @))! sf] ;]K6]Da/df k"/f ePsf] lyof]. /·zfnf k|of]usf nflu of]hgfx¿ lkm6\g]z ;]G6/, P/f]laS;, 6]a'n6]lg;
sf]6{, t]SjfGbf] hLd, h'8f] hLd, aln· PNnL, Aof8\ldG6g sf]6{, OG8f]/ uNkm /]Gh, /fs]6an
sf]6{, :Sjf; sf]6{. /]:6'/]G6, af/, ;lkª ;]G6/, skmL ;k sfo{qmd k|:t't ul/g] xn, sf7k'tnL grfpg]
gfr3/, k/Dk/fut ;f+:s[lts snf sIff, o'jf 5fqfjf;, lsG8/uf6]{g. d'Vo kl/of]hgfx¿ pRr k|ljlwo'Qm lj1fg tyf cf}Bf]lus
sDKn]S; lgdf{0f. cGt/f{li6«o ;f+:s[lts sfo{qmdx¿sf]
k|rf/k|;f/ ug'{. UjfGh'nfO{ jftfj/0fLo¿kdf :jf:y ;x/
agfpg]. pHofnf] ;x/df kl/0ft ug'{ -sf]l/ofnL
efiffdf UjfGh'sf] cy{ pHofnf] ufp xf]_ dfpG6 d'8]p· ;fg / k/Dk/fut gf6s
uf]kmfO6 emlNsg] cg'kd jqm/]vfs[ltsf] lgdf{0f ug'{. aflx/af6 ;lhn} x]g{ ;lsg] v'nf
/·zfnfsf] lgdf{0f. 8]h' sl/a @% nfv hg;+Vof ePsf] 8]u' ;x/ ;f]n
/ a';fgkl5 sf]l/ofsf] t];|f] 7"nf] ;x/ xf]. sf]l/ofnL k|foåLksf] s]Gb|Lo
blIf0fk"jL{ efudf cjl:yt of] ;x/ ;+:s[lt / lzIffsf nflu k|Voft 5. o; ;x/n] l;Nnf /
ufof clw/fHosf] ;+:s[ltnufot hf];]cf]g j+zsf] k/Dk/fut sGkm'l;og ;+:s[ltnfO{ ;+/If0f
u/]sf] 5. :yfgLo¿kdf sf]l/og ldnfgsf] pk;+xfn] lrlgg] of] ;x/ 6]S;6fOn /
km]zgsf nflu k|d'v cf}Bf]lus cfwf/ xf]. xfn Pl;ofs} ;jf]{s[i6 km]zg ;]G6/sf] ¿kdf :yflkt
x'g] sf]lzz ul//x]sf] of] ;x/sf] s]xL jif{leq} ljZjJofkL :6]hdf k|lt:kwf{ ug]{ cfzf
/fv]sf] 5. cGt/f{li6«o pmhf{ lgsfo -cfO{OP_åf/f ;f}o{;x/sf] pkflw k|bfg ul/Psf] o; ;x/n]
jftfj/0fLo hfu/0f If]qdf pNn]vgLo of]ubfg lbPsf] 5. gfd M 8]u' ljZjsk /·zfnf :yfg M 8]lnp·8f]·,
;';]cf]·u', 8]u' Ifdtf M ^%,*%& l;6 -:kf]6{;\
sDKn]S;_ lgdf{0f k"/f ePsf] ldlt M @) d],
@))! ljz]iftf rLnsf] cfsf/df l8hfOg ul/Psf] sf]l/ofs}
;a}eGbf 7"nf] /·zfnf. s'n l;6sf] &% k|ltzt cyf{t\ %!,())
l;6dfly 5fgfsf] Joj:yf. ;g\ !((& sf] @( h'nfO{df ;'? ePsf] /·zfnfsf] k|of]usf nflu of]hgf ;'l6ª /]Gh, cfs{/L -wg'ifjf0f_ /]Gh,
/fs]6an sf]6{, P/f]laS; Snf;, lkm6\g]; Sna, :Sjf; sf]6{, /f]n/:s]l6ª l/·, /s
SnfOlDaª Pl/of, cfO; :s]l6ª l/·, 6]lg; sf]6{, af:s]6an sf]6{, elnan sf]6{, Aof8ldG6g
sf]6{ cflb. Jojl:yt /]:6'/]G6, klAns /]:6'/]G6,
pkxf/ k;n, skmL k;n, ;lkª ahf/ eLcfOkL sIf, /flqef]h sIf, :jfut sIf,
cfp68f]/ j]l8ª, 8«fOeOg lyP6/, ;f+:s[lts s]Gb|, ljljw sfo{qmd k|:t't ug]{ xn /
ef8fdf pknAw x'g] clkm; sf]7fx¿. pN;fgfg sf]l/ofsf] blIf0fk"jL{ efudf cjl:yt
;'Gb/ aGb/ufx ;x/ pN;fgsf] k"jL{ efu ;d'b|n] 3]l/Psf] 5 eg] klZrdL efudf
cUnfcUnf kxf8x¿ 5g\. ;g\ !(^) sf] bzsdf klxnf] / ;a}eGbf 7"nf] cf}Bf]lus
sDKn]S; :yfkgf ePotf sf]l/ofsf] cfly{s ljsf;sf] d'6'sf] ¿kdf /]x]sf] pN;fgaf6 /fi6«s}
s'n cf}Bf]lus pTkfbgsf] !@ k|ltzt cf]u6]sf] 5. a;]{lg ljZje/ !$ nfvj6f sf/ lgof{t ug]{
x'G8fO df]6;{nufot ljZjsf cGo y'k|} k|Voft sDkgLx¿ o;} ;x/df 5g\. pmhf{, dfgj;|f]t /
k|z+;gLo cf}Bf]lus pTkfbg Ifdtf lnP/ cl3 al9/x]sf] pN;fg @! cf}+ ztfAbLsf] ;d[4zfnL
cGt/f{li6«o ;x/df kl/0ft x'b}5. pN;fg d'G;' km'6an /·zfnf gfd M d'G;' km'6an /·zfnf :yfg M cf]s8f]·, gfdu',
pN;fg Ifdtf M $#,^)^ l;6 -km'6ansf nflu dfq_ lgdf{0f k"/f ePsf] ldlt M @* clk|n,
@))! ljz]iftf s'n l;6sf] *& k|ltzt efudfly 5fgf /
@@ld(=$ld cfsf/sf] 7"nf] :sf]/af]8{sf] Joj:yf. ;'/Iff, l6sfp, ldtJolotfh:tf s'/fnfO{
Wofgdf /fvL l56f] lgld{t. ;g\ !((& sf] cu:6df ;'? ePsf] o;sf]
lgdf{0fsfo{ @))! sf] @* clk|ndf k"/f ePsf] lyof]. d'Vo kl/of]hgf jftfj/0fLo¿kdf :j:y ljZjsksf nflu
jftfj/0fLo ljsf; sfo{qmdx¿sf] k|j4{g. u]cf]ªh'sf] Oltxf; / ;+:s[lt / pN;fgsf]
cf}Bf]lus ;+:s[lt;u d]nvfg] ko{6sLo pTkfbgx¿sf] ljsf; ug'{. oftfoft ;]jfsf] Jofks ;'wf/ u/L oftfoft
c;'ljwfsf] s6f}tL ug'{. ljZjsk kl/jf/sf nflu pN;fg nf]§]
xf]6]nsf] lgd{0f ug'{. o; km'6an /·zfnfsf] dfWodaf6 oflGqs /
cf}Bf]lus ;x/sf] 5lj af]s]sf] pN;fgnfO{ jftfj/0fLo¿kdf :j:y ;x/df kl/jt{g ug'{. 7"nf] ;+Vofdf dflg;sf] hd36 x'g
;lsg] / pRr k|ljlwsf] 9frf k|0ffnL. ax' v]ns'b ejgsf] lgdf{0f of]hgf. /fs]6an sf]6{, alnª PNnL, P/f]laS;
Snf;, 6]a'n6]lg; sf]6{, lkm6\g]; ;]G6/, :Sjf; sf]6{, :gfg sIfx¿. /]:6'/]G6, l8:sfpG6 :6f]/, pkxf/ k;n,
v]ns'b ;fdu|L e08f/ xAaL Snf;, afnaflnsfsf] v]nsIf, lj>fd
If]q, snf / v]ns'bsf nflu k|bz{gL xn. a';fg cfsf/sf] lx;fan] /fi6«sf] pTs[i6
aGb/ufx eg]/ lrlgg] a';fgnfO{ sf]l/ofsf] bf];|f] /fhwfgL klg dflgG5. $) nfv hg;+Vof /x]sf]
cGt/f{li6«o dxfgu/kflnsf a';fg @))@ lkmkmf jN8{sk / ;g\ @))@ sf] !$ cf}+ Pl;ofnL v]ns'b
cfof]hs ;x/ xf]. ef}uf]lns cg's"sntf / cfw'lgs aGb/ufx ;'ljwfsf] sf/0f j:t'x¿sf]
cfjthfjt 9'jfgLsf] kl/df0fdf a';fg aGb/ufx ljZjs} t];|f] :yfgdf kg{ cfp5. x/]s
udL{ofddf labf dgfpg a';fg cfpg]x¿ oxfsf] k|Voft UjfGunnL / xfPpG8fo ;d'b|t6df k'Ug
la;{+b}gg\. ltgLx¿n] Toxf l:sOª, af]l6ª / ;lkmªh:tf hnqmL8f u/L /dfOnf] u5{g\. gfd M a';fg Pl;of8 d'Vo /·zfnf :yfg M u]cf]h]8f]·,
ocf]Gh]u', a';fg Ifdtf M %#,(@^ l;6 -:kf]6{;\ sDKn]S;_ lgdf{0f k"/f ePsf] ldlt M !^
;]K6]Da/, @))! ljz]iftf ko{6g ;|f]tx¿sf] ljsf; / lj:tfl/t ko{6g
sfo{qmd. cGt/f{li6«o rnlrq dxf]T;j, a';fg
;d'b|Lt6 dxf]T;j ;~rfng eO;s]sf] 5. /·zfnf k|of]usf nflu of]hgf km'6an d}bfg, Aof8ldG6g sf]6{,
/f]n/:s]l6ª l/ª, ljleGg v]ns'b ;'ljwfx¿. 8«fOeOg lyP6/, ;f+:s[lts cWoog
;'ljwf, ;fdflhs cWoog sIf, k|bz{gL sIf, afnaflnsfsf] km'6an sIf. d'Vo kl/of]hgfx¿ ko{6g ;|f]tx¿sf] ljsf; / ko{6g
sfo{qmdsf] lj:tf/. ;g\ @))@ a';fg Pl;ofnL v]ns'b;u
;DalGwt ;f+:s[lts sfo{qmdsf] k|j4{g ug'{. u'/]pg /·zfnf 9fdfdf cfs/ lbg'. ljZjsk / Pl;ofnL v]ns'bsf nflu
7"nf] kl/df0fsf] /·zfnf. ztk|ltzt 5fgfo'Qm ax'pb]ZoLo /·zfnf
agfpg'. ;f]lUjkf] h]h'8f] 6fk'nfO{ k/Dk/fut¿kdf ;fDbfbf]
-r§fg, xfjf / o'jtLx¿_ sf] 6fk';u t'ngf ug]{ ul/Psf] 5. g/d / ;'Gb/ afn'jfsf]
;d'b|L lsgf/fx¿ /x]sf] of] 6fk' gLnf] Ph'/ ;d'b|n] 3]l/Psf] 5. o; ;d'b|df c;+Vo ;'Gb/
df5f kf}l8/x]sf x'G5g\. oxfsf] dfpG6 xfNnf;fgl:yt ;dy/ xl/of d}bfg 3f]8r9Lsf nflu
lgs} k|Voft 5. km;n em'n]sf v]tsf kmf6 / kmnkm"nsf afujfgL h]h'8f]sf] k|d'v
ljz]iftf xf]. ;d'b|sf] ;'Gb/ b[Zo, Toxfsf] dgf]/d em/gf / ;d'b|L lsgf/df cjl:yt
r§fgsf ;;fgf kxf8x¿ lrQfsif{s 5g\. of] :yfg sf]l/ofnL gjbDktLx¿sf nflu dw'df;
dgfpg lgs} nf]slk|o 5. gfd M h]h' ljZjsk /·zfnf :yfg M lacf]?jfg8f]·, ;f]lUjkf] Ifdtf M $@,@%^ l;6 -km'6an dfq_ lgdf{0f k"/f ePsf] ldlt M (
l8;]Da/, @))! ljz]iftf %) k|ltzt l;6dfly 5fgfsf] Joj:yf,
-#)ld!%ld_ cfsf/sf b'O{j6f 7"nf :sf]/af]8{. ;g\ !((( sf] k|m]a'c/Ldf ;'? ePsf] o;sf]
lgdf{0fsfo{ @))! sf] l8;]Da/df k"/f ePsf] lyof]. /·zfnf k|of]usf nflu of]hgf ljb]zL nufgLsf] vf]hL ug'{. cfODofs; lyP6/, ko{6g ;"rgf s]Gb|,
cGt/f{li6«o / Jojl:yt /]:6'/]G6x¿, cSjfl/od, gf}sf laxf/. d'Vo kl/of]hgfx¿ ;f+:s[lts / ko{6g sfo{qmdx¿sf]
k|j4{g ;f]lUjkf]nfO{ lxpb] v]ns'b :ynsf]
¿kdf ljsf; ug'{. Hjfnfd'vLn] kxf8sf y'Dsf]x¿ ag]sf sf/0f
klg h]h' 6fk' lgs} cfsif{s 5. tflnd / k|lt:kwf{sf nflu x/df};ddf
cg's"n x'g] lsl;dsf] /·zfnf lgdf{0f. 8/nfUbf] atf;sf] emf]Ssfaf6 hf]ufpgsf
nflu h]h 6fk'sf 3/x¿df agfOg] P; / Pn cfsf/sf d'Voåf/f cfsf/sf] d"nåf/x¿
/·zfnfdf agfpg'. |
| @))@ ljZjsksf] cflwsf/Ls an || @))^ sf] ljZjsksf] cfof]hgf || !^ cf} ljZjskdf kmls{bf || rlr{t km'6an/x? || k]gfN6L eGbf lk|m lssdf || gj k|j]zL || ;f:s[lts k|efj || ljZjsk 6«kmL || hfkfg / sf]l/of || hfkfgL zx/x? || sf]l/ofsf /+uzfnfx? || Nofl6g cd]l/sL || y/Ly/Lsf kmfO{gnx? || ljZjsk d:s6 || ljZjsksf d]g]h/x? || ljZjsk ;+uLt || blIf0f Pl;ofsf efUodfgL || ;kmntfsf] km8\sf] || chDa/L sLlt{dfg || ljZjsk 5gf}6 || @))@ n] u'dfPsf || gf6sLo ljZjsk || Main | Home | |
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