aunfd'vLsf] pkf;gf lsg / s;/L <

dftf aunfd'vLsf] gfd xfdLdWo] w]/}n] ;'g]sf 5f}+ . g]kfndf ljlxjf/ aunfd'vLsf] O:6af/ dflgG5 . k|To]s ljlxjf/ nlntk'/sf] kf6g glhs aunfd'vLsf] dlGb/df bzgfyL{x¿sf] 7"nf] eL8 nfU5 . laxfg rf/ah]b]lv lbpF;f] b'O{ ah];Dd 306f}+ nfOgdf a;]/ eQmhgx¿ dftf aunfd'vLsf] bz{g Pj+ k"hg ub}{ cfPsf 5g\ . h'g s'/f] >4fn' eQmhg ;a}nfO{ yfxf ePs} s'/f] xf] . t/ aunfd'vL sf] x'g\ . pgsf] pkf;gf lsg / s;/L ug]{ eGg] s'/f] eg] w]/}nfO{ yfxf gx'g ;S5 . To;}n] oxfF o;} af/] ;+lIfKt hfgsf/L lbOPsf] 5 .

bz dxfljBfdf dftf aunfd'vLsf] dxTj ;jf{lws cufl8 /x]sf] kfOG5 . tGq zf:qdf aunfd'vLnfO{ cflb zlQmsf] ;+1f lbOPsf] 5 . zq'jfwf, u|xkL8f, /f]uJofwLsf] ;'/Iff sjr / zq' ljhosf] nflu cdf]w c:q dflgPsf] aunfd'vL dxfljBfnfO{ a|˜df:q :tflDegL, :tJwdfof, k|j[lQ/f]lwgL, dGqhLjg ljBf, k|f0fLk|1fkxfl/sf / if6sdf{wf/ ljBf klg elgG5 . b]j;]gfklt s'df/ sflt{s]on] tf/sf;'/dfly b]jf;'/;+u|fdsf] a]nf b]jtfx¿n] bfgjx¿dfly / eujfg\ lzjn] eidf;'/dfly ljho kfpg pg} aunfd'vLsf] pkf;gf ug'{ ePsf] s'/f] zf:qx¿df pNn]v 5 .

aunfd'vLsf] pkf;gf OR5fl;l4sf] cdf]w c:q dflgPsf] 5 . aunfd'vLsf] pkf;gfaf6 h:tf];'s} 7"nf] ljklQaf6 klg kf/ kfpg ;lsg] b]lvG5 . o;af6 :tDeg, cfsif{0f, jzLs/0f, ljå]if0f, pRrf6g df/0f h:tf sfo{ ;d]t k"/f x'g;Sg] atfOG5 . t/ df/0fsf] p2]Zon] aunfd'vLsf] ;fwgf ug{ lgif]w ul/Psf] 5 . o; af/]df ljåfgx¿ eG5g\ – zlQmsf] pkf;gf b'i6zlQmnfO{ /f]Sg / b'i6x¿af6 aRgsf] nflu dfq x'g'kb{5 . c¿nfO{ b'Mv lbg] p2]Zon] ul/Psf] ;fwgf ;fwsnfO{ k|To'Tkf/s aGg ;Sb5 .

aunfd'vLsf] k|frLg gfd aNuf xf] . ;+:s[t efiffdf aNuf zAbsf] cy{ nufd x'G5 . ;f]xL aNuf zAb g} cke|+z eO{ aunf ag]sf] b]lvG5 . h;/L nufdn] kz'x¿nfO{ lvr]/ :j]R5frf/L x'gaf6 hf]ufpF5 To;} u/L aNuf zlQm cyf{t\ aunfd'vLn] klg dflg;sf] dgleq l5k]sf] ljljw b'ef{jgfx¿nfO{ :tDeg u/L p;nfO{ ;xL af6f]df Nofpg] ub{l5g\ . To;}n] ;fwssf] p2]Zo xd]zf dflg;sf] b'ef{jgfsf] ljgfzsf] x'g'kb{5 . hlt;'s} b'/frf/L eP klg dflg;sf] ljgfzsf] x'g'x'Fb}g . b'i6 JolQmnfO{ b08 lbg] sfd :jo+ aunfd'vLn] g} ub{l5g\ . of] sfd pg}nfO{ 5f]l8lbg' kb{5 .

aunfd'vLsf] pkf;gf b'O{ lsl;dn] x'G5 . afd dfu{af6 tflGqs pkf;gf / j}lbs ljlwaf6 ;flTjs . t/ j}lbs pkf;gf g} a9L pkof]uL b]lvG5 . h;/L u/] klg pkf;gf xd]zf c;n u'?sf] ;flGgWodf g} ug'{kb{5 . k':tsn] ;fdfGo dfu{ bz{g dfq ug{ ;S5 . k':tssf] e/df pkf;gf ubf{ nfesf] abnf xflg x'g] ;Defjgf /xG5 . pkf;gfsf] cg]s r/0fx¿ 5g\ . ;j{k|yd :jl:tjfrg k9L dxfe}/jaf6 cf1f lng' kb{5 . o;kl5 cf;g z'4 u/L lbk, snz, u0f]z / z+v 306fsf] k"hf u/]/ k[YjLtTj, e"ttTj, cfTdtTj, lzjtTj, ljBftTj / ;j{tTj zf]wg ug'{kb{5 . o;kl5 ljlgof]u k"j{s sjrkf7, dflqsfGof;, c+uGof;, s/Gof; u/L aunfd'vLsf] Wofg u/]/ dfgl;s k"hf ug'{kg]{ ljwfg 5 .

ljwfg cg';f/ aunfd'vLsf] k"hf ;s]kl5 aunfd'vLsf] dGq hk ug'{kb{5 . dGq #^ cIf/sf] / #$ cIf/sf] u/L b'O{ lsl;dsf] kfOG5 . b'j} dGq ;fwssf] ;a} dgf]sfdgf k"/f ug{ plQs} ;Ifd dflgG5g\ . dGq h'g hk] klg x'G5 . t/ s'g dGq hKg] eGg] s'/fdf u'?sf] cf1f lng' /fd|f] dflgG5 . dGq qmdz lgDgfg';f/ 5g\ . pmF x«L+ aunfd'vL ;j{b'i6fgf+ jfr+ d'v+ :tDeo lhJxf+ lsno–lsno a'l4+ gfzo x«L+ pmF :jfxf . / pmF x«L+ aunfd'vL ;j{b'i6fgf+ jfr+ d'v+ :tDeo lhGxf+ sLno–a'l4+ ljgfzo x«L+ pmF :jfxf . dGq hk'Gh]n ;fwssf] dg l:y/ / Psfu| x'g'kb{5 . k'/Zr/0fafx]s b}lgs dGq slt hKg] eGg] vf;} lgod 5}g t/ Psfu|tfsf] eg] lgtfGt h?/L dflgG5 . s;}n] aunfd'vL dGqsf] k'/Zr/0f klg ug{ ;Sb5g\ . o;a]nf s'zn cfrfo{sf] /fo ;Nnfx cg';f/ ug'{ /fd|f] x'G5 . b}lgs k"hfsf] lgodsf] klg hfgsf/L cfrfo{;Fu lnP a9L kmnbfoL x'g ;S5 .

hk ;lsPkl5 aunfd'vLdf hk lgj]bg ug'{kb{5 . To;kl5 k|blIf0ff, cf/tL dGq k'ikf~hnL / k|fy{gf ug'{kg]{ ljwfg 5 . k"hfsf] k|To]s c+usf] cnu cnu ljwfg / dGq 5g\ . k"hfdf dGq z'4 x'g' h?/L x'G5 . rfx] k'/Zr/0f xf];\ rfx] b}lgs pkf;gf ;fwsn] s'g s'/fdf a9L a'l4 k'¥ofpg' kb{5 eg] p2]Zo sbflk c¿nfO{ csf/0f b'Mv lbg] lsl;dsf] x'g' x'Fb}g . h'g ;fwssf] p2]Zo ;To / Gofosf] x'Fb}g To:tf ;fwsn] ls t kmn} kfpFb}gg\ ls nfesf] abnf xflg k|fKt ub{5g\ . To;}n] ;fwgf xd]zf cfTd /Iffd"ns / ;j{lxtsf/L x'g'kb{5 .

aunfd'vLsf] pkf;gf wfld{s b[li6n] dfq geO{ ef}lts b[li6n] klg plQs} dxTjk"0f{ b]lvG5 . cfhsf] o'u k|lt:kwf{sf] o'u xf] . hLjgdf To;}n] dfq k|ult / pGglt ug{ ;S5 hf] k|lt:kwf{df pqg ;S5 . k|lt:kwf{ljgf pGglt / k|ultsf] s'/} 5f]8f}+ b}lgs b'O{ 5fs 6fg{ klg uf¥xf] eO;s]sf] 5 . k|lt:kwf{df pqg zf/Ll/s :j:ytfn] dfq k'Ub}g dfgl;s :j:ytf / ;sf/fTds ;f]rsf] ;d]t cfjZostf kb{5 . h'g sfddf aunfd'vLsf] ;fwgfn] 7"nf] ;xof]u k'Ug ;Sg] b]lvG5 . aunfd'vL hLjg pmhf{jw{s !) dxfljBf dWo] Ps dflgG5 . o;sf] pkf;gf jf ;fwgfaf6 hLjg pmhf{ jf k|f0f zlQm j[l4 x'G5 / z/L/df :jtM ;To u'0f a9\g yfNb5 . clg oxL ;To u'0fn] lgb|f, cfn:o k|dfb, 8fxf, O{iof{, lg/fzf h:tf tfdl;s ;f]rnfO{ :tDeg u/L dfgj hLjgnfO{ ;kmntfsf] ghLs k'¥ofpF5 .

– s]=kL= l/hfn

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