Health (Yuwamanch Monthly)

s] tkfO{+ klg tgfju|:t x'g'x'G5 <

cfhsf] dfgj ;d'bfo cToGt} Jo:t 5 . htftt} x'n / xf]xNnf afx]s zfGt dgl:ylt sxL+ st} klg ;lhn} k|fKt ug{ ;ls+b}g . hLjgnfO{ sfo{d"ns 9fFrfdf 9fNgsf] nflu xfdLn] s'g} klg ljifo jf dfu{df cfkm"nfO{ lglxt /fVg' cToGt} h?/L 5 . ha;Dd hLjgnfO{ tgfjaf6 d'Qm ug{ ;Sb}gf}+ ta;Dd xfd|f dxTjfsf+Iffx¿ lglh{j x'g k'Ub5g\ . xfn a9\b} uPsf] o'jf a]/f]huf/ / g}/fiotf klg o;}sf] pkh xf] eGg ;lsG5 . tgfjnfO{ a'‰g g;s]/ klg xfd|f xhf/f}+ o'jfx¿ hLjgsf] lglb{i6 nIotkm{ cufl8 a9\g /x]sf 5}gg\ . To;}n] oxfF tgfj s] xf] / o;af6 s;/L aRg] eGg] s]xL hfgsf/L k|fKt 5 .

jf:tjdf eGg] xf] eg] dfgj hLjgsf] nIf0f dWo] tgfj klg Ps xf] . cfh xfdL h'g¿k;Dd ljsf; eO{ cfPsf 5f}+, Tof] ¿ksf] ljsf;sf] nflu klg tgfjn] dxTjk"0f{ e"ldsf lgjf{x u/]/ cfPsf] 5 . tgfj jf:tjdf dflg;sf] jf:tljstf xf], dfgj hfltdf tgfj ePsf] sf/0fn] g} cGo hflteGbf ljnIo0f k|ltef ePsf] s'/f oyfy{df ;To g} xf] . olb dflg; hfltdf tgfj gx'g] xf] eg] xfdL k|frLg sfndf h] h:tf] cj:yfdf lyof}+, xfn;Dd klg ToxL cj:yfdf /xg] lyof}+ xf]nf . tgfj hLjgsf] To:tf] cj:yfdf dfq vt/f x'G5 ha tgfjsf] gsf/fTds¿kx¿ xfd|f] dl:tisdf k|jflxt x'g yfNb5g\ .

tgfjnfO{ b'O{ efudf afF8\g ;lsG5 . gsf/fTds tgfj / ;sf/fTds tgfj . gsf/fTds tgfj cdfgjLo zAb xf] . 3[0ff, å]if, u'd/fxf, l/;f Oiof{, em'7f] cfZjf;g Pj+ abnf lng] efjgf cflbnfO{ gsf/fTds tgfj eGg ;lsG5 . gsf/fTds tgfjn] xfd|f] dg / efjgfnfO{ ck|;Gg ub{5 / gsf/fTds ;f]rsf] hGd lbG5 . o;sf] sf/0fn] xfd|f] z/L/df cDn>fj, /Qmrfk jf x[bo ult a9\g hfG5 / z/L/sf] /;folgstf c;Gt'ng x'g hfG5 . t/ dl:tisdf ;sf/fTds tgfjnfO{ a9fjf lbg] xf] eg] cfkm"nfO{ :j:y dx;'; ug{ ;S5f}+ . o;sf] nflu /fd|f] / c;n ;f]r ljrf/ /fVg'kb{5 . cWoogaf6 kQf nfu] cg';f/ Ps :j:y JolQm ;Dk"0f{ Joj:yf / sfo{ ug]{ :yfgsf] jftfj/0f cg's"n 5 eg] !* 306f ljgf ysfj6 cfˆgf] sfo{df h'6\g ;S5 eg] tgfjo'Qm jftfj/0fdf eg] ;f]xL JolQmn] * 306f sfd ubf{ g} ysfj6 / cfn:osf] dx;'; ug{ yfNb5 .

tgfjaf6 d'Qm x'g] pkfo

lgDg pkfox¿nfO{ hLjgdf cfTd;ft ug]{ xf] eg] lgZro klg tgfjaf6 d'Qm eO{ hLjgnfO{ ;lhjtf lbg ;lsG5 .

– tgfj d'lQmsf] ;aeGbf 7"nf] pkfo eg]sf] Psfu|tf xf], s'g} klg ljifo j:t'df tlNng cj:yfdf Psfu|tfk"j{s nfUg' pko'Qm x'G5 . olb Psfu|tfk"j{s tlNng x'g g;s]df lbgsf] s/La @) ldg]6 hlt of]ufEof; ug'{ pko'Qm x'G5 .

– j}1flgs o'usf] gfddf xfd|f k|frLg wfld{s u|Gyx¿nfO{ klg a]jf:yf ug'{ x'Fb}g . wfld{s pkb]zx¿n] klg tgfjnfO{ w]/} xb;Dd lgoGq0f ug{ d2t ub{5 .

– sfdsf] lznlznfdf ysfj6 dx;'; x'guPdf cfkm"nfO{ dgkg]{ h'g ;'s} k|sf/sf] ;+uLt jf w'g ;'Gg' pQd x'G5 .

– zf/Ll/s Jofofdx¿ k|ltlbg ug]{ ugf{n] zf/Ll/s ;';+u7g Pj+ r':tL km'lt{sf] cg'ej x'G5 / tgfj;Fu h'Wg ;Sg] Ifdtfsf] ljsf; x'G5 .

– s'g} klg sl7g sfdx¿ ug{ z'? u/] kl5 Tof] sfo{sf] cGt gx'~h]n aLrdf g} 5f]8\g] afgLnfO{ r6Ss} 5f8\g'k5{ . lsgeg] o;n] xfd|f] dgl:yltdf eljio;Dd klg tgfjsf] l:ylt k}bf ug{ ;S5 .

– cGTodf xfdLn] cfkm"af6 h] hlt sfo{sf] yfngL u/]sf x'G5f}+ tL ;a} :ki6 / oyfy{tfjfbL x'g'kb{5, h;n] ubf{ xfd|f] dgl:yltdf dfgl;s cfTdf ;Gt'li6sf] j[l4 x'g yfN5 / tgfj eGg] s'/f slxn] klg em]Ng' kb}{g .

k|:t'lt M Hof]ltk|;fb km'ofn, /f]gf:6

s[lqd sfgn] ;'Gg] Ifdtf klg j[l4 ug]{

alx/f afnaflnsfx¿sf] nflu j}1flgsx¿n] ;fgf] cfsf/sf] o:tf] s[lqd sfg ljsl;t u/]sf 5g\, h;nfO{ sfgleq lkm6 ug{ ;lsG5 / alx/f]kg x6fpg ;lsG5 . o;sf] cfsf/ olt ;fgf] 5 ls o;nfO{ gjhft lzz'df klg k|of]udf Nofpg ;lsG5 . o; s[lqd sfgn] Aof6«Laf6 sfd ub{5 . xfd|f] 3/]n' lah'nLsf] aNadf nfUg] lah'nLsf] bzf}+ nfv pmhf{eGbf sd kfj/n] of] rnfpg ;lsG5 . gjhft lzz'x¿df o;nfO{ nufpgfn] pgLx¿sf] lbdfusf] ;'Gg] Ifdtf ePsf] efunfO{ ljsl;t u/fpg ;d]t ;lsG5 .

Sofgf8fsf] Plks afof;f]lgS; sDkgLn] o; s[lqd sfgsf] k]6]+6sf] nflu cfj]bg u/]sf] 5 . sDkgLsL pkfWoIf Dof/L Dofskmnf{8sf cg';f/ lbdfusf] ;'Gg] efusf] k'/} 7fpF ljsl;t x'g'eGbf k"j{ ladf/L aRrfnfO{ lrGg ;lsG5 . o; s[lqd sfgsf] d2taf6 o:tf aRrfx¿nfO{ ;fdfGo aRrfx¿nfO{ h:tf] af]Ng l;Sg cfpg ;S5 . la|6]g cfjfbLsf] !& k|ltzt dflg; sd ;'Gg] u/]sf] kfOG5 . o;/L la|6]gdf k|To]s Ps xhf/ aRrfx¿df Pp6f aRrf alx/f] x'G5 / x'g] u/]sf] kfOPsf] 5 .

o:tf] k|sf/sf] s[lqd sfg afnaflnsf jf 7"nfa8fsf b'j}sf] nflu pkof]uL ;flat x'g] b]lvG5 . o;df Pp6f :jLr k|f];]l;+u lrk x'G5 . o; lrknfO{ n08gsf] ODkLl/on ljZjljBfnosf j}1flgsx¿n] ljsl;t u/]sf x'g\ . o; lrkn] cfjfhnfO{ lbdfudf k7fpFb5 . o; s[lqd sfgsf] s'g} klg efu z/L/sf] aflx/ x'Fb}g . o;nfO{ z/L/leq /flvG5 / of] jf6/ /]lh:6]+6
-k|lt/f]ws_ klg x'G5 . o;sf] On]S6«f]8 gj{ sf]lzsfx?sf] ;Dks{df x'G5g\ . o:tf] s[lqd sfg nufpgsf] nflu ;h{/Lsf] ;fwf/0f k|lqmofaf6 hfg' kb{5 .

o; vf]h bnsf] g]t[Tj ug]{ n08gsf k|f]km];/ lqm; tf]dfhf]sf] egfO{ cg';f/ o;sf] a}6/L w]/} ;fgf] x'G5 o;nfO{ hfr{ ug{sf] nflu sfgsf] k5fl8 kl§sf] x8\8LnfO{ xftn] dfln; ug'{kb{5 . j}1flgsx¿sf] nIo 5 o; lrksf] lSnlgsn k/LIf0f o;} jif{ x'g]5 . t/ la|l6z 8}k Pzf]l;o;gsf k|jQmfn] o;sf] ;kmntfk|lt z+sf JoQm u/]sf 5g\ . k|jQmfsf] cg';f/ s[lqd sfg k|of]u u/]kl5 alx/f] JolQmsf] af]Ng] Ifdtf slt ljsl;t ug{ ;S5 Tof] eg] eGg sl7g 5 .

– lbks zdf{

k|fs[lts k4ltaf6 /Qmrfkdf lgoGq0f

dflg;x¿sf] a9\bf] Jo:t hLjg Pj+ cTolws tgfj, b"lift vfgkLg Pj+ c;Gt'lnt ef]hg / ljljw If]qdf x'g] u/]sf] k|b"if0fsf sf/0f /Qmrfk h:tf] vt/gfs /f]un] w]/}h;f] dflg;x¿df h/f uf8\g yfn]sf] 5 . t/ klg o; /f]usf] sf/0f / lgoGq0fsf pkfo af/] hfgsf/L lnO{ To:tf s'/fx¿df ;dod} Vofn u/]df /QmrfknfO{ ;Gt'ngdf /fvL o; /f]uaf6 aRg ;lsG5 . oxfF o;}af/] hfgsf/L lncf}+ .

;fdfGo¿kdf #) jif{sf] pd]/b]lv dfq dflg;x¿df /Qmrfk z'? x'g] ub{5 . t/ ljljw sf/0fx¿n] ubf{ jt{dfgdf :s'ndf k9\b} u/]sf pd]/sfnfO{ klg o; /f]un] ufFHg yfn]sf] 5, h'g cToGt} 8/ nfUbf] ;+s]t xf] . o;f] x'g' s[lqd /f;folgs kbfy{sf] a9\bf] k|of]u xf] . h'g xfdLn] vfg] ef]hgdf :jfb, /+u / ;'uGw cflbsf] nflu k|of]u ul/g] /f;folgs kbfy{x¿ lhDd]jf/ 5g\ . t/ oL s'/fx¿df ljz]if Vofn k'¥ofO{ cGo ljljw kIfx¿df ;ts{tf ckgfpFb} lgoldt x'g ;s]df w]/} xb;Dd /Qmrfkdf sdL Nofpg ;lsG5 .

/QmrfknfO{ …An8k]|;/Ú elgG5 . o;} /Qmrfksf sf/0f z/L/sf] OlGhgnfO{ u8a8 kfg]{ / cGttM Olghg g} aGb u/fO{ d[To' ;d]t u/fOlbG5 . /utdf bafj a9\bf crfgs z/L/ lzlyn Pj+ c;Xo eO{ Zjf; k|Zjf; lqmofd} cj/f]w cfpF5 . o:tf] cj:yfdf dflg;sf] d[To' ;d]t x'g ;S5 . /Qm sf]lzsfx¿df ;+s6 pTkGg x'Fbf /Qmk|jfxdf afwf pTkGg eO{ o; /f]un] ;dfTg k'U5 . cGo ljljw sf/0fx¿sf cltl/Qm ef}lts sf/0fn] of] /f]un] ;dfTg k'U5 .

/Qmrfk x'g'sf sf/0f

cTolws dfgl;s tgfj, nfu" kbfy{ b'Jo{zg, r'/f]6, tdfv', /S;L cflbsf] ;]jg, cTolws Jo:t /xg', cTolws df]6f] x'g', Jofofd/lxt lbgrof{sf cltl/Qm a9L dfqfdf £o", t]n, g'g cflbsf] ;]jg ubf{ /Qmrfk a9\g ;S5 . o;sf ;fy} /f;folgs kbfy{ ldl>t ef]hg, b"lift kfgL tyf vfgf / jftfj/0fLo ljljw k|b"if0fsf sf/0f klg /Qmrfk x'gk'U5 .

/Qmrfk x'g'sf] ef}lts sf/0fx¿df dw'd]x /f]u, /utdf sf]n]:6«f]n a9\g', /ut uf9f x'g', cTolws tgfjdf /xg', /QmjflxgLdf u8a9L eO{ /Qmk|jfxdf afwf kg'{, /ut ;kmf gx'g' cflb /x]sf 5g\ . pk/f]Qm s/f0fb]lv afx]s cGo s'g} cb[Zo s/f0fx¿n] klg /Qmrfk a9\g ;Sg] ljz]if1x¿ atfpF5g\ .

;dfwfg Pj+ lgoGq0fsf] pkfoM

h'g;'s} sf/0faf6 /Qmrfk eP klg ;a}eGbf ;/n / xfgL/lxt lsl;dn] /Qmrfk ;Gt'ng /fVg jf lgoGq0f ug{ k|fs[lts lrlsT;f k4lt a9L pkof]uL dflgG5 . vf; u/]/ k|fs[lts lrlsT;fdf ef]hg tyf vfgkLgdf ljrf/ u/L tL rLhsf] plrt¿kdf rog ul/g' dxTjk"0f{ dflgG5 . j}1flgsx¿sf] Pp6f zf]w cg';Gwfgn] s] s'/f k|dfl0ft u/]sf] 5 eg] dflg;n] k|To]s lbg b'O{ j6f s]/f ;]jg ug]{ u/]df /Qmrfk lgolGqt ug{ ;lsG5 . kf]6flzod / d}lUglzod cTolws dfqfdf lngfn] klg /Qmrfk x'gaf6 aRg ;lsg] zf]w cg';Gwfgn] b]vfPsf] 5 . o;sf] nflu kmnkm"ndWo]df c+'u'/, cgf/, ;Ltfkmn, s]/f cflb lng ;lsG5 .

kf]6flzod tTj k|fKt ug{ df};d, sfutL, cdnf cflb lng lsG5 . o;n] /Qmrfk lgoGq0f u5{ To:t} cfn', zs/v08 / bfnx¿df klg of] tTj kfOG5 . t/ logdf jhg a9fpg] tTj klg /xg] x'Fbf o;tkm{ e/;s ljrf/ k'¥ofpg'k5{ . kf]6flzodo'Qm d;fnfx¿df xn]bf], hL/f, wlgof, d]yLsf] bfgf / v';f{gLdf tL b'j} tTj kfOG5g\ .

/Qmrfk lgoGq0f ug{ sf]n]:6«f]n sd ug{sf] nflu zfsfxf/Ldf ljrf/ k'¥ofpg'k5{ . jg:klt £o" tyf t]nsf] ;§f ;"o{d'vL / ;/:o"Fsf] t]n k|of]u ug'{ /fd|f] x'G5 . To:t} crf/, kfk8 cflbsf] ;]jg sd ug]{ / g'g, rLgL, af];f] cflb sd ug'{k5{ . u'8, ;Vv/ cflb lng' /fd|f] x'G5 t/ abfd, sfh' h:tf s'/fx¿af6 6f9f /xg' /fd|f] x'G5 . To:t} s'g} klg /f;folgs kbfy{ ld;fOPsf] vfBkbfy{af6 ;w}+ aRg'k5{ eg] ;"lt{hGo kbfy{ Tofu u/L /S;L lkpg sd ug'{k5{ . r'/f]6 tyf ;"lt{ lng] OR5f ePdf gl/jnsf] 6's8f, cn}+rL, ;f]+km cflb lng ;lsG5 .

;nfbdWo] sfFqmf], ufh/, d'nf, znud, uf+7], uf]jL, clws dfqfdf lng' /fd|f] x'G5 . lsgls oL rLhn] lk;fa u/fO{ /Qmrfk sd{ ug{ d2t k'¥ofpF5g\ . To:t} k]6 ;kmf ug{ ha/h:tL ug'{x'Fb}g . o;sf] nflu /]zfbf/ kbfy{ -kmfOa/_ h:tf] xl/of] ;fu, u]8fu'nL, ux'Fsf] rf]s/ cflbåf/f k"lt{ ug{ ;lsG5 . h;n] k]6 ;kmf ug{ tyf slAhot x6fpg d2t ub{5 . o; cltl/Qm k|To]s lbg !) b]lv !% lunf; kfgL lkpg'k5{ o;n] /Qmrfkdf s]xL ;3fp k'¥ofpF5 . xKtfdf Ps k6s t/sf/L tyf kmnkm"nsf] /; -;'k_ lkpg'k5{ h;n] kf]if0f tyf zf]wgsf] sfo{ ub{5 .

3/]n' pkrf/M

k|To]s lbg s'g} klg ;dodf k'/} z/L/nfO{ cfFvf aGb u/]/ s]xL ;do lzlyn kfbf{ /Qmrfkdf ;Gt'ng Nofpg ;lsG5 . ctM 3/df lgTo Ps k6s lzlynLs/0fsf] cEof; ug'{ /fd|f] x'G5 . laxfg p7\g] lalQs} rf/–kfFr lunf; dgtftf] kfgL lkpg] ug'{kb{5 . To:t} @) ldg]6;Dd 5ftLaf6 z'? u/]/ xft–uf]8f;Dd dflnz u/L @) ldg]6;Dd dgtftf] kfgLn] :gfg ug]{, clg hf]8n] Ps ;o k6s;Dd xftn] tfnL ahfpg' k5{ . To;kl5 k|f0ffofd u/L s]xLa]/ Wofg ug'{ /fd|f] x'G5 . oL ;a} ubf{ dfgl;s lrGtf, 8/–qf; / tgfjnfO{ lgoGq0f ug{ ;lsG5 .

k|To]s lbg ;'Tg'eGbf cl3 tftf] kfgLdf b'j} uf]8f !) ldg]6;Dd 8'afO{ s]xL a]/kl5 6fpsf] -lz/_ / uf]8fdf ;:o'{+sf] t]nn] dfln; ug'{k5{ . tt\kZrft s]xL a/] PslrQ eP/ Zjf; k|Zjf; u/L cfFvf aGb ub}{, vf]Nb} ufnf b]Vg] k|of; ug'{k5{ . o;f] ubf{ /Qmrfkdf w]/} xb;Dd /fxt kfpg ;lsG5 . o;/L xfdL 3/d} a;]/ klg oL lqmofsnfkaf6 /Qmrfksf] 3/]n' pkrf/ ug{ ;S5f}+ .

– k|jL0f zdf{ …kGyLÚ

;d'b|df lgs} k|hfltsf 3f]8f kfOG5g\

3f]8fdfly r9]/ n8fs'x¿n] s'zntfk"j{s o'4 u/]sf] s'/f t ;'g]s} / k9]s} xf}+ . t/ xfdLn] oxfF k9\g nfu]sf] 3f]8f eg] hdLgdfly bf}8\g] 3f]8f geP/ ;d'b|df kf}8\g] 3f]8f xf] . tkfO{+ ;d'b|df klg 3f]8f kfOG5 eGbf cfZro{df kg'{eof] xf]nf . t/ gk/] x'G5 lsgsL ;d'b|df kfOg] 3f]8fsf] gfd ;d'b|f> xf] o;nfO{ ;fwf/0f efiffdf ;d'b|L 3f]8f / j}1flgssf] efiffdf …;L x;{Ú elgG5 .

;d'b|L 3f]8fsf] $) j6f hflt /x]sf] kfOG5 . o;dWo] ;a}eGbf ;fgf] 3f]8f Ps km'6 nfdf] x'G5 . ;+;f/el/sf] ;a} udL{ ;d'b|df o;sf ljleGg hfltx¿ kfOG5g\ . ;d'b|L 3f]8fsf] z/L/nfO{ k|s[ltn] uhan] ;'/lIft ul/lbPsf] x'G5 . o;sf] ;Dk"0f{ z/L/df s8f / alnof] Kn]6sf] vf]n /x]sf] x'G5 . o; vf]nsf] sf/0f ;d'b|L 3f]8f ;d'b|sf] kfgLdf l;wf kf}8G5 . kfgLdf plePsf] a]nf o;sf] 6fpsf] dfly / k'R5/ tn /x]sf] x'G5 . cufl8 k5fl8 / dfly tn kf}8gsf nflu o;n] cfˆgf] 7"nf] kv]6f hf]8;Fu xNnfpg] u5{ . kv]6f o;sf] lk7\o"Fdf /x]sf] x'G5 . kf}8\b} ubf{ of] kv]6f olt hf]8l;t xlNnPsf x'G5 ls To;nfO{ b]Vg c;Dej k|foM x'G5 . o;sf] 6fpsf]sf] kl5Nnf] efusf] sfgsf] 7fpFdf b'O{j6f cGo ;–;fgf kv]6f klg x'G5g\ . oL kv]6f klg nuftf/ cufl8 k5fl8 rln/xG5g\ .

;d'b|L 3f]8fsf] z/L/df Pp6f ljz]if y}nL x'G5 h;df xfjf el/Psf] x'G5 . kfgLdf t}/bf, kf}8\bf / a9\bf o;sf] ;'/Iff ug'{ ;d'b|L 3f]8fsf] nflu ;a}eGbf sl7g sfd xf] . h;/L df]6/ uf8Lsf] 6\o"jdf xfjf e/]/ To;sf] ;fxf/fdf s'g} dflg;nfO{ kf}8g l;sfOG5 . o;}u/L ;d'b|L 3f]8fnfO{ p;sf] z/L/df /x]sf] of] y}nf]n] kf}8gsf nflu 7"nf] d2t ub{5 . olb sy+sbflrt o; y}nLaf6 xfjf lgSNof] eg] h;/L t]h ultdf uPsf] df]6/ uf8L k+r/ x'Fbf ;Gt'ng lau|G5 To;}u/L ;d'b|L 3f]8fsf] klg ;Gt'ng lau|g k'U5 . Tof] klg nfrf/ eP/ ;d'b|sf] tNnf] efudf To;/L g} v:5 h;/L 7"nf] 9'ªf v:5 . kmn:j¿k Tof] 3f]8fn] cfˆgf] k+r/ 7Ls gx'Gh]n;Dd / cGo zf/Ll/s oGqn] xfjf gel/lbP;Dd o;/L g} ljjz eO{ al;/xg' kg]{ x'G5 .

k|foh;f] ;d'b|L 3f]8fx¿ sfnf] gLnf] /+usf ldl>t x'G5g\ . ci6]«lnofsf] glhs ;d'b|df kfOg] …;L x;{Ú n] vt/fsf] k"jf{g'dfg x'gf;fy cfˆgf] /+u kl/jt{g ug]{ u5{ . /, o:tf] lsl;dn] pleG5 ls ;d'b|df /x]sf] p;sf] zq'nfO{ nfU5 ls of] 3f]8f geP/ ;d'b|df pd]|sf] s'g} jg:klt xf] . o;/L rnfv 3f]8fx¿ zq'af6 aRg] u5{g\ .

k|:t'lt M sflQ{s]o l3ld/]

rfofF s;/L x6fpg] <

w]/} dfG5] lrlGtt / kLl8t ePsf] j:t' xf] rfofF . o;n] x]bf{ dfq skfn kmf]xf]/ b]lv+b}g . skfnsf] h/fnfO{ sdhf]/ agfP/ skfn emg{ yfNb5 . of] 6fpsf]df ;]tf] s0fsf]¿kdf /xG5, hf] 6fpsf] emfbf{ em/gf em}+ emg{ yfNb5 h;nfO{ xfdL rfofF em/gf klg eGg ;S5f}+ . km/s olt xf] ls em/gf x]bf{ / sNkgf dfq ubf{ cfgGbbfos x'G5 eg] rfofF em/gfnfO{ ;DemFbf dfq klg lbSs nfu]/ cfpF5 .

xfd|f] 5fnfsf] dflyNnf] ;txdf d[t sf]if x'G5 / ;kmfO{ ubf{ emg{ k'Ub5 . o:t} d[t ;]n 6fpsf]df klg x'G5 . h;n] nuftf/ gofF sf]if agfP/ k'/fgf] sf]ifnfO{ aflx/ lgsfNg] ub{5 . olb 6fpsf]sf] ;xL 9+un] ;kmfO{ ul/Pg eg] oL sf]ifn] 6fpsf]df lrnfpg yfNb5 . clg 6fpsf]df rfofFsf]¿kdf b]vf k5{ . t}nLo 5fnf ePsfdf rfofF a9L b]vf k5{ . To;}n] o:tf JolQmn] t]n nufpg] / t]n w]/} vfg' x'Fb}g . £o", dVvg, lrgL / tftf] k]o kbfy{ vfg'x'Fb}g . cfˆgf] ;fa'g sfOof] / tf}lnof a]Un} /fVg'k5{ / ahf/df kfOg] nf]zg / qmLd klg k|of]u ug'{ x'Fb}g . lsgls o;df /;fogx¿ ld;fOPsf] x'G5 . rfofFsf] nflu 3/]n' ljlwg} nfebfos x'G5 . oxfF s]xL 3/]n' ljlw hfgf}+ .

– /flt ^ rDrf z'4 l;/sf ?O{n] 6fpsf]df /fd|/L nufpg] / sk8f afFw]/ ;'Tg] . laxfg p7L :ofDk'n] skfn g'xfpg] / km]l/ l;/sf nufpg] . of] sfd xKtfdf Ps k6s h?/ ug]{ .

– skfnnfO{ afkm lbP/ klg rfofF x6fpg ;lsG5 .

– tLg 7"nf] rDrf a];f/ 8]9 lunf; kfgLdf ld;fP/ skfndf nufpg] / s]xL ;dokl5 kfgLn] w'g] / sfOof]n] skfn /fd|/L emfg]{ tfls a];f/sf s0f em/f];\ .

– Ps efu :ofp / tLg efu kfgL ld;fP/ 6fpsf]sf] 5fnfdf @) ldg]6 dn]/ ;kmf kfgLn] w'g] . of] k|lqmof xKtfdf b'O{, tLg rf]6L cjZo ug]{ .

–gl/jnsf] t]ndf sk'/ jf sfutL ld;fP/ nufPdf klg rfofFaf6 5'6\\sf/f kfpg ;lsG5 .

k|:t'lt M ;lrg l3ld/]±;ldg l3ld/]

sf]n]i6«f]n 36fpg] csf]{ k|ljlw

xfd|f] z/L/df af];f] a9L eof] eg] hlt vt/f x'G5 /utdf af];f] hDof] eg] Tof] eGbf xhf/ u'0ff a9L vt/f x'G5 . z/L/df af];f] a9\gfn] /utdf sf]n]i6«f]n a9\g yfNb5 . h;af6 /ut uf9f /ªsf] x'G5 . uf9f /+usf] /ut wdgLx¿df cfˆgf] ;xh / ;fdFGo ultn] a:g ;St}g . kmn:j¿k wdgLdf cj/f]w k}bf x'G5 / wdgLn] /fd|f];Fu sfd ug{ ;St}g . oltdfq x}g /utsf] uf9fkgsf] sf/0fn] d'6'sf] sfddf klg cltl/Qm ef/ kb{5 . oL ;a}sf] clGtd gtLhf x'G5 …xf6{ P6\ofsÚ .

d'6'sf /f]uLx¿nfO{ k|foM h;f] lrlsT;sx¿ Snf]lkma]|6 gfds cf}ifwLsf] a9L ;]jg ug]{ ;Nnfx lbG5g\, o; cf}ifwLn] d'Votof /utnfO{ uf9f u/fpg] sfd ug]{ sf]n]i6«f]nnfO{ sd u/fpF5 . t/ lxhf] cfh s]xL gofF vf]hsf] cfwf/df lrlsT;sx¿n] ca o; cf}ifwLsf] ;]jg gug]{ ;Nnfx lbPsf 5g\ . ljgf cf}ifwL g} lrlsT;f ;DaGwL vf]hlagdf 8fS6/x¿n] sf]n]i6«f]n sd ug]{nfO{ km'nsf] kx]+nf] efu n]l;lygsf] ;]jg ug]{ ;Nnfx lbg yfn]sf 5g\ hf] Snf]lkma]|6eGbf a9L nfebfos / ;'ljwfhgs dflgPsf] 5 .

O6fnLsf] Pp6f c:ktfnsf] xfn}sf] Pp6f l/kf]6{ cg';f/ sf]n]i6«f]nsf] l;sfot ePsf s]xL la/fdLnfO{ k/LIf0f ul/of] . k/LIf0f ul/Psf la/fdLsf] $@ jif{b]lv lnP/ *@ jif{leqsf lyP . logLx¿nfO{ k|ltlbg !=* u|fdsf] b/n] n]l;lyg SofK;'n lbOof] . n]l;lyg SofK;'n ;]jg ug'{eGbf cufl8 logLx¿df /utdf af];f] cyjf sf]n]i6«f]nsf] dfqf a9]/ vt/fsf] l;dfdf k'u]sf] lyof] h;df d'6'sf] /f]u x'g] w]/} ;Defjgf lyof] .

n]l;lyg SofK;'nsf] ;]jgn] rf/ dlxgfleqdf g} !& hgf la/fdLdf !! hgf la/fdL cyjf ^% k|ltzt la/fdLdf sf]n]i6«f]nsf] dfqf 36]/ ;fdfGo :t/df cfof] . !@ hgf la/fdLdf * hgf jf ^^ k|ltzt la/fdLsf] /utdf 6«fOUnf]l;/fO8sf] :t/ a9\of], h;n] ubf{ /ut ;fdfGo :t/df cfof] . Pshgf la/fdL hf] %@ jif{sf] lyP pgsf] /utdf sf]n]i6«f]nsf] dfqf #% k|ltzt sd eof] . hDdf ldnfP/ x]bf{ sf]n]i6«f]nsf] :t/df nueu !*=$ k|ltztn] sd cfof] hals 6«fOUnf]l;/fO8sf] :t/df %*=% k|ltztsf] j[l4 eof] .

o;k|sf/n] xfdL of] b]Vb5f}+ ls n]l;lygsf] k|of]un] sf]n]i6«f]nsf] a9]sf] dfqf pNn]vgLo sdL cfpF5 h;nfO{ lrlsT;sx¿sf] efiffdf …nf] 8]lG;6L k|m]S;g ckm sf]n]i6«f]nÚ elgG5 . ;fy} o;nfO{ d'6'sf] nflu vt/fsf] c;nL sf/0f dflgG5 . …xfO{ 8]lG;6L ckm sf]n]i6«f]nÚ hf] xf6{ P6\ofsaf6 d'6'sf] arfp ug]{nfO{ ;xfotf u5{, n]l;lygsf] ;]jgn] ck|efljt /xG5 .

lrlsT;sx¿n] of] klg k|of]u u/]/ x]/]sf 5g\ ls sf]n]i6«f]nnfO{ sd ug]{ k|rlnt cf}ifwL Snf]lkma|]6sf] ;fy;fy} n]l;lyg ;d]t ldnfP/ lbPdf sf]n]i6«f]ndf @@ k|ltzt;Dd sdL cfpF5 . lrlsT;sx¿sf] egfO{ 5 ls of] k|of]u w]/} pT;fxaw{s 5 . lsgls o;/L h'g sf]n]i6«f]ndf sdL cfpF5 of] Pp6f Snf]lk|mj]6eGbf w]/} a9L 5 .

n]l;lygn] olt k|efjsf/L;Fu sfo{ s;/L ug{ ;S5 < o; ljifodf 8f= l;df];sf] egfO{ 5 ls n]l;lygdf …lngf] ln+s Pl;8Ú af];f] 36fpg] tTj x'G5 h'g k|fs[lts ef]Ho kbfy{sf]¿kdf kfOG5 . o;n] /utdf af];f]sf] dfqf a9\g lb+b}g . ;fy} pkrf/df klg ;xfos x'G5 . n]l;lygsf] u]|go'n, kfp8/ of Sofk;'nsf]¿kdf k|of]u ugf{n] x[bo /f]uLx¿sf] sf]n]i6«f]ndf ;'wf/ dfq geP/ algg] k|lqmof klg aGb ePsf] kfOPsf] 5 . o;n] la/fdLx¿sf] zf/Ll/s / dfgl;s tgfjaf6 d'lQm x'gsf ;fy} la/fdL cfkm"nfO{ :j:y, km'lt{nf] / sfo{df ;lqmo ePsf] kfOPsf] 5 .

– em'n]Gb| ljqmd yfkf

bd / vf]sLsf] z'?jft s;/L x'G5 <

bd / vf]sLsf] z'?jft w'Fjf / w'nf]af6 x'G5 . oxfF o;}af/] hfgf}+ .

xfdLn] Zjf;ln+bf tflgPsf] ;f; gfs, d'v, 3fF6L x'Fb} :j/oGqsf] b'nf]af6 l5/]/ d'Vo xfjfgnLdf k'U5 / To;kl5 To;sf xfFuf lj+uf x'Fb} kmf]S;f]df /x]sf ;fgf–;fgf y}nLx¿df k'U5 . To; ;f; lnPsf] xfjfdf /x]sf] clS;hg /utdf / /utdf /x]sf] sfa{g8fOcS;fO8 kmf]S;f]sf] xfjfdf ldl;g k'U5 . clg /utsf] ult;Fu} clS;hg xfd|f] tGt' / sf]lifsfx¿df k'Ub5 hxfFaf6 oxL clS;hgsf] d2tåf/f Un'sf]h hng eO{ zlQm lg:sG5 . clg lg:s]sf] zlQmnfO{ z/L/n] vr{ ug]{ u5{ .

7"nf 7"nf zx/x¿df ePsf] oftfoftsf] ;fwg / snsf/vfaf6 lg:s]sf] w"jfF / cGo kbfy{sf s0fx¿ ldl;Psf] xfjf, xfd|f] ufpF3/df ePsf] bfp/f, kftklt+u/, lem+hf / 9f]8 cflb afNbf lg:s]sf] w"jfF ldl;Psf] xfjf, clg Ifl0fs cfgGbsf] nflu tflgPsf] r'/f]6, la+8L, tdfv', lrlnd cflbsf] w"jfF, oL ;a} xfd|f] gfsd'v x'Fb} kmf]S;f] y}nL;Dd k'U5g\ / lg:sG5g\ . k:bf / lg:sbfF b'lift xfjf / w'jfF ePsf w]/} s'/fx¿ Zjf;k|0ffnLsf] gnLx¿df c8\s]/ /xG5g\ . csf]{ s'/f xfd|f] z/L/n] Zjf;k|Zjf; k|0ffnLnfO{ arfpg ljleGg t/Lsfx¿ ckgfO{ /fv]sf] 5 . csf]{lt/ xfd|f] gfs 3fF6L ;w}+ lr;f] /lx/xg] x'gfn] kmf]x/sf s0fx¿ ToxL 6fFl;P/ /xG5 . o:tf s0fx¿nfO{ yÚs l;+ufg cflbåf/f aflx/ kmflnG5g\ . ToxfFb]lv tn uPkl5 o:tf] kmf]xf]/ kmfNg] csf]{ pkfo 5 Tof] xf] – vf]sL . jf:tjdf vf]sL ;d:of geO{ Zjf;gnL ;kmf ug{ ul/g] Pp6f pkfo xf] . o;sf] cltl/Qm Zjf;gnLsf s]xL efu ;fgf ;fgf /f}+ h:tf nfUg] rLhx¿n] 9flsPsf] x'G5 . h;sf] d'Vo sfd la:tf/} cgfjZos s0fx¿nfO{ vsf/df ld;fP/ ;fb}{ Zjf;gnLaf6 aflx/ kmfNg' xf] . ha xfd|f] z/L/n] dflysf] pkfox¿nfO{ k|of]u u5{ ta xfd|f] z/L/ yfS5, kl/>dsf] s'g} sfd x'Fb}g .

leqleq} Zjf;gnLdf vsf/ a9L dfqfdf hDg yfN5 / ;'lgG5 . clg bd vf]sLsf] /f]u z'? x'G5 . o:tf] /f]u nfu]sf] la/fdLsf] Zjf;gnLdf /f]usf ls6f0f'x¿n] ;lhn} cfqmd0f u5{g\ . lsgls la/fdLn] vsf/ aflx/ ˆofFSg] pkfo g} lau|G5 clg :j:y JolQm bdvf]sLsf] /f]uLdf kl/0ft x'G5 .

kmf]S;f] / d'6' Ps csf{sf k"/s x'g\ . kmf]S;f]sf] v/faL kmf]S;f]sf] /QmgnLdf klg k'U5 . kmn:j¿k d'6'sf] bflxg] efun] kmf]S;f]df /ut k'¥ofpg a9L kl/>d ug'{k5{ . w]/} kl/>d u/]kl5 Tof] efu a9\b} hfG5 clg yfSg yfN5 / cGTodf o;n] sfd ug{ 5f]8\5, kl/0ffd:j¿k d'6'sf] bflxg] efun] /ut k7fpg g;s]kl5 d'6'df k'Ug'kg]{ /ut klg d''6' aflx/ g} /xG5 . clg la/fdL ;'lgG5 / ;'lg+bf klxnf v'§f kl§af6 z'? eP/ sn]hf] / k]6 ;'lgG5 . o; k|sf/ w"jfF / w'd|kfgaf6 z'? ePsf] s'/f kmf]S;f] x'Fb} d'6';Dd k'U5 . klxnf d'6'sf] bflxg] efun] sfd ug{ 5f]8]kl5 d'6'sf] b]a]| efusf] klg sfd ug{ ;Sg] ;fdYo{df sdL cfpF5 / To;n] klg sfd ug{ 5f]8\5 . To;kl5sf] kl/0ffd slt 3fts x'G5 elg/xg kb}{g .

– 9fsf/fd nfld5fg]

k|fylds pkrf/ M s] ePdf s] ug]{ <

cfuf]n] kf]n]df M cfuf]n] kf]n]sf] la/fdL jf 3fOt]nfO{ c:ktfn k7fpg'eGbf cufl8 3/}df lgDg ;]jfx¿ lbg ;lsG5 . 3fOt]nfO{ ;'/lIft 7fpFdf /fvL ;kmf sk8fn] kf]n]sf] 7fpFnfO{ 5f]lklbg], 3fp ePsf] efudf /fd|/L ;]Enf]g jf cfof]l8gn] ;kmf ug'{kb{5 . 3fp ;kmf ubf{ kmf]sfx¿ 5g\ eg] ;s];Dd To;nfO{ hf]ufpg'kb{5 / ;kmf ul/;s]kl5 g]:kf]l/g jf l;Ne/ ;Nkmf8fOlhg dnd nufO{ kl§ afFwL l66fg;sf] ;'O ;d]t lbg' pko'Qm x'G5 .

xf8 efFlRrPdf M s;}sf] xf8 efFlRrPdf ;j{k|yd To;sf] nIf0f jf lrGx yfxf kfpg' h?/L x'G5 . To;kl5 la/fdLnfO{ ;'/lIft 7fpFdf ;lhnf];Fu ;'tfpg'k5{ / efFlRrPsf] :yfgdf /ut alu/x]sf] 5 eg] ;kmf sk8fn] cln cln s;]/ k§L afFwL efFlRrPsf] c+u rNg glbg sfd|f]sf] k|of]u ug'{kb{5 . o;kl5 lrlsT;s jf c:ktfndf k7fpg] Joj:yf ldnfpg' kb{5 .

hf]gL{ v':sg' jf dls{g' M– dls{Psf] a]nf o;sf] sf/s tTjx¿ yfxf kfpg rf]6 k6s nfu]sf] 7fpFdf 3fp jf bfu x'g ;S5 . hf]gL{ glhs lk8f x'G5 la/fdLn] ;fdfGo cfj:yfdf h:t} hf]gL{ rnfpg ;Sb}g . hf]gL{ v':s]sf] 7fpFdf ;'lGgb} hfG5 / c¿ hf]gL{eGbf leGg x'G5 . ;fy} hf]gL{ v'l:sPsf] cª nfdf] of 5f]6f] klg x'g ;Sb5 . To:t} lx8\bf cyjf bf}8\bf v'§fsf] hf]gL{ jf gf8Lsf] hf]gL{sf] jl/kl/ rf]6 nfUbf hf]gL{df cjl:yt lnufd]G6;x¿ Rofltg] jf r'l8g ;Sb5g\, t/ hfgL{sf xf8x¿ oyf:yfgdf x'G5g\ eg] To;nfO{ dls{g' elgG5 . hf]gL{df lk8f x'g', ;'lGgP/ cfpg' hf]gL{ rnfpFbf lk8f a9\g', df+zk]zL / lnufd]G6 lyRbf b'vfO{ emg\ a9\g' h:tf sf/0fx¿ g} dsf{Osf nIf0fx¿ x'g\ . ;fwf/0ftof o;df Wofg lbg'kg]{ s'/fx¿df ds]{sf] cªnfO{ cf/fd;fy cUnf] kf/L /fVg'kb{5 / lk8f sd ug{ AofG8]h nufO{ la/fdLnfO{ c:ktfn k'¥ofpg'kb{5 .

3fp jf rf]6k6s nfu]dfM– s'g} klg sf/0fn] b'3{6gfdf kl/ 3fp jf rf]6k6s nfuL 3fpaf6 cTolws /ut au]sf] 5 eg] c:ktfn k7fpg' eGbf cufl8 ;j{k|yd rf]6k6s nfu]sf] 7fpFdf ;kmf ;fa'g kfgLn] 3fpnfO{ ;kmf u/L 3fpdf s'g} j:t' ePdf To;nfO{ kmf]/;]k -Ps k|sf/sf] lrD6f_ åf/f x6fO{ ;kmf sk8fn] 3fpsf b'O{ lsgf/fnfO{ hf]8L s]xLa]/ s;]/ 6]k nufO{ k§L afFwL lbg'kb{5 . t/ 3fpdf df6f] nufpg' x'Fb}g . o;n] wg'i6ª\sf/ x'g] ;+efjgf a9L x'G5 . wg'i6ª\sf/ /f]u lj?4 l66fg;sf] Ps dfqf eg] lbg'kb{5 . o:tf] la/fdLnfO{ kf]if0fo'Qm t/n kbfy{ k|z:t v'jfpg'kb{5 . olb w]/} /Qm>fj eO{ 3fOt]sf] cj:yf gfh's ePdf t'?Gt lrlsT;s jf c:ktfndf k'¥ofpg'kb{5 .

;k{n] 8;]dfM– ljiffn' ;k{n] 8;]sf] 7fpFdf ;'lGgg], lk8f x'g] ;fy} dflg;sf] z/L/sf] s]lGb|o :gfo' k|0ffnLdf ;d]t c;/ kf/L d[To' ;d]t x'g;S5 . o;af6 aRgsf] nflu ;j{k|yd 8;]sf] 7fpFeGbf s]xL dfly afFwL la/fdLnfO{ cf/fdsf ;fy /fVg] / ;fa'g kfgLn] 3fpnfO{ ;kmf u/L gofF An]8 jf pdfn]sf] rSs'n] Ps OGr nfdf] / Ps b'O{ OGr ulx/f] 3fp agfO{ /ut r':b} kmfNg' kb{5 . h;n] ubf{ ljif dflg;sf] s]lGb|o :gfo' k|0ffnL / d'6';Dd k'Ug ;Sb}g / ;lhn};Fu lrlsT;s jf c:ktfndf k'¥ofpg ;lhnf] kb{5 .

kfgLdf 8'a]df M– kfgLdf 8'a]sf] JolQmsf] Zjf; gnLx¿df / kmf]S;f]df kfgL el/g uO{ Zjf; k|Zjf; lqmofdf afwf k'Ub5 / lg:;fl;Psf] cj:yf pTkGg ePsf] x'G5 . kfgLdf 8'a]sf] klxrfg ug{ klg ;lhnf] 5 . olta]nf la/fdLn] Zjf; km]g{ ;s]sf] x'Fb}g, la/fdLsf] cf]7, ufnf / cf}+nfsf 6'Kkfx¿ lgnf] ePsf] x'G5 . gfs / d'vaf6 lkm+h lg:sL a]xf]; cj:yfdf /x]sf] x'G5 . o:tf cj:yfx¿ kfOPdf ;j{k|yd la/fdLnfO{ s8f ;txdf 3f]K6f] kf/L d'vnfO{ cln tn kf/L ;'tfO k]6df lyr]/ kfgL lgsfNg'k5{ . leh]sf] sk8fx¿ ;a} km'sfnL 3fOt]nfO{ Gofgf] kf/L /fVg'kb{5 . Zjf; dfu{ v'Nnf ug{ s[lqd Zjf;lqmof lbOg'kb{5 / t'?Gt c:ktfn n}hfg' kb{5 .

ax'nf s's'/ jf hgfj/n] 6f]s]df M– ax'nf s's'/ jf hgfj/n] 6f]Sbf /]lah h:tf] k|f0f3fts /f]ux¿ nfUg ;Sb5 . To:tf lsl;dsf hgfj/x¿df 3/kfn'jf s's'/b]lv lnP/ ˆofp/f], :ofn, afFb/, rd]/f] cflb x'g;Sb5g\ . oL hgfj/ tyf kIfLx¿n] 6f]s]sf] 7fpFdf w]/} b'Vg] / emdemdfpg], 6fpsf] b'Vg], Hj/f] cfpg] x'gfn] t'?Gt pkrf/sf sbdx¿ ckgfpg'kb{5 . ;j{k|yd 3fpnfO{ t'?Gt ;kmf kfgLn] ;kmf ug'{kb{5 . ;Sbf] rfF8f] ;kmf u/]df 3fpdf /x]sf ljiff0f' kfgL;Fu} au]/ hfG5 . ;fy} 3fp ;kmf ul/;s]kl5 afFsL /x]sf ljiff0f'x¿nfO{ sdhf]/ agfpg / 3fp kfSg glbg s'g} ls6gfzs cf}ifwL k|of]u ug'{kb{5 / Ps dfq l66fg;sf] ;'O{ nufpg' kb{5 . uDeL/ k|sf/sf] 6f]sfO ePdf klg pk/f]Qm ;]jf lbO{ c¿ ljz]if pkrf/sf nflu t'?Gt c:ktfn k'¥ofpg] .

– t'n;Lk|;fb ;'j]bL

8fo/L n]vgn] klg :jf:YonfO{ kmfObf Û

6fpsf] b'v]sf] cf}ifwL gfO6f]df nufpFbf hlt cfZro{ nfUg ;S5 TolQs} cfZro{ 8fo/L n]vgn] :jf:YonfO{ kmfObf u5{ eg]sf] ;'Gbf cfZro{ nfUg ;S5 . t/ s'/f] ;To xf] .

ev{/} ul/Psf] Ps cg';Gwfgaf6 of] tYo kQf nfu]sf] 5 ls 8fo/L n]Vg' :jf:Yosf] lglDt nfek|b 5 . hf] JolQm cfˆgf] JolQmut ljrf/x¿nfO{ lbgx"F sf]g]{ ub{5g\ . ltgLx¿nfO{ dfgl;s tgfj h:tf] ladf/L sd x'g] ub{5 .

6}S;; ljZjljBfnodf cg';Gwfg ul//xg' ePsf] dgf]j}1flgs h]D; k]gj]s/sf cg';f/ pgn] u/]sf] !% jif{sf] cWoogaf6 of] s'/f kQf nfu]sf] xf] . pgsf cg';f/ hf] JolQm cfˆgf] efjgfx¿ n]v]/ cleJoQm u5{g\ pgLx¿ cfd JolQmsf] t'ngfdf 8fS6/sxfF sd} hfG5g\ . pgLx¿sf] /f]u k|lt/f]w Ifdtfdf klg w]/} ;'wf/ cfpF5 / pgLx¿ cfˆgf] sd{If]qdf klg sd} cg'kl:yt /xg] u5{g\ . To:tf JolQmx¿df xf};nf, hfFu/ / cfTdljZjf;sf] sdL /xFb}g .

k]gj]s/n] cfˆgf] cg';Gwfgdf ljBfyL{x¿nfO{ b'O{ efudf juL{s/0f u/] / k|To]s ljBfyL{nfO{ dlxgfdf tLg kN6 aL; ldg]6 Pp6} ljifodf n]Vg nufP . tL ljBfy{x¿dfly ul/Psf] cg';Gwfgsf] gtLhf cfZro{ rlst kfg]{ vfnsf] lyof] .

cg';Gwfg;Fu ;DalGwt Ps dgf]j}1flgssf cg';f/ h'g rLh;Fu xfdL n8\g ;Sb}gf} tL rLhx¿sf] xfdLn] xhf{gf ltg'{k5{ . To;} u/L xfdLleqsf] efjgfx¿n] xfdLdfly w]/} c;/ ug{ ;S5 .

csf{ cg';Gwfgstf{ /f]jxf]dsf cg';f/ olb xfdLn] cfˆgf] 8fo/Ldf s]jn oltdfq} n]Vof}+ ls d /fd|f] 5' d w]/} v';L 5' eGg] u/]klg xfdL ;fFRr} To:t} x'g ;S5f}+ . lsgls ltGhfgn] lbdfu / :jf:Yo aLrsf] ;DaGwl;4 ul/;s]sf] 5 .

k]gj]s/sf cg';f/ tkfO{+sf] efjgf cyjf tYosf] ljj/0f cToGt h?/L x'G5 . o;/L 8fo/L n]Vbf s]jn cfˆgf] ;d:of v'aL cyjf b}lgsL dfq geO{ s'g} klg cfkm"nfO{ dg k/]sf] ljifodf lbgx"F snd rnfpg] u/]df kmfObf lng ;lsG5 .

;+sngM ¿kf kGt
;|f]t– gjef/t 6fOD;

ca dGb a'l4nfO{ t]lhnf] klg agfpg ;lsg] Û

tkfO{+ xfdLn] ;'Gg] u/]sf 5f}+ xf]nf ls d]/f] lbdfun] sfd} u/]g, jf ;f]Rg–;Demg} ;lSbg cflb eGg] u/]sf . To:t} hlt k9] klg cfpFb} cfpFb}g eGg] u/]sf] / To;sf] lbdfu t lgs} ;':t 5, 8n 5, cflb eGg] u/]sf] klg xfdLn] ;'Gg] u/]sf 5f}+ xf]nf . cem s'g} pkfo jf cf}ifwL eP d}n] cfˆgf] lbdfunfO{ r':t kfg]{ lyPF / k9]sf] klg cfpg] lyof] cflb eGg] u/]sf] sxLF st}af6 ;'g]sf klg 5f}+ xf]nf . lxhf]sf] Tof] sfNklgs rfxgf jf clenfiffnfO{ k"/f ug]{ tyf k|f0fLx¿sf] To:tf] dGb a'l4nfO{ ca r:t' :km"lt{ Pj+ a'l4dfgdf kl/0ft ug{ ;Sg] ;Defjgfsf af/] jt{dfgdf ;'Gg b]Vg kfpFbf cfZro{ nfUg' / v'zL x'g' :jefljs g} 5 . xf] j}1flgsx¿sf] vf]h Pj+ cg';Gwfg / o; lbzfk|ltsf] pknlAwn] cfh Tof] ;DefjgfnfO{ klg ;Dej agfO{ lbgyfn]sf] 5 . o;} qmddf ca j}1flgsx¿ dflg; tyf k|f0fLx¿df hLg kl/jlt{t tslgsLåf/f dGba'l4nfO{ rnfv Pj+ t]lhnf] / a'l4dfg agfpg ;lsg] ;DefjgfnfO{ cf}+Nofpg yfn]sf 5g\ . cfpg';\ oxfF o;} gljgtd pknlAw af/] rrf{ u/f}+ .

s]xL jif{ klxn] cd]l/sfl:yt 6]lnlehgsf] Ps sfo{qmddf Pp6f o:tf] k|ltefzfnL JolQmsf] ;DaGwdf 6]ln>[+vnf rnfOPsf] lyof] h'g Ps clt k|ltefzfnL aRrfdf cfwfl/t lyof] . olt lj5§} a'l4dfg Pj+ k|ltefzfnL dflg; s;/L x'G5g / sd} pd]/df klg ltgLx¿df s:tf tTjn] To;/L sfd u/]sf x'G5g\ cflb lh1f;fsf ;DaGwdf j}1flgsx¿ nfUg yfn] . oL s'/fdf vf]hsf] ljifo x'g' tyf To; ljifodf lh1f;f x'g' klg :jefljs} 5 . s'g} s'g}sf] lbdfun] k6Ss} sfd gug'{ / s'g}sf] lbdfu Tolt t]lhnf] x'g' h:tf ljljwtfsf sf/0f j}1flgsx¿ tL tTjx¿sf ;DaGwdf vf]h cg';Gwfgdf nfu] . cGttM j}1flgsx¿n] To; tTjsf] kQf nufP, h;nfO{ h]g]l6s kl/jt{g u/]/ dflg;x¿sf cltl/Qm cg]sf}+ hLjhGt'x¿df a'l4sf] ljsf; ug{ ;lsg] gofF cfzfsf] ls/0f km}nfOlbP .

cd]l/sfl:yt lk|G;6g j}1flgsx¿n] Pd= cfO=6L= tyf jflz+u6g ljZjljBfnosf j}1flgsx¿ ;d]tsf] ;xof]udf ul/Psf] cWoog cg';Gwfgsf] Ps k/LIf0faf6 ca To:tf dGb a'l4sf dflg;df Ps ljz]if -l8hfog/_ hLg k|j]z u/fP/ lgs} rnfv, k|ltefjfg Pj+ a'l4dfg dflg; agfpg lsg] ;+efjgfnfO{ xfn} k'li6 u/]sf 5g\ . o; k/LIf0faf6 s'g lsl;dsf dl:tissf] cjojx¿ Ps csf]{df ;Dks{ :yflkt u5{g\ / 1fgsf] ;+ro u5{g\ eGg] l;4fGtnfO{ klg an k|bfg u/]sf] 5 . of] eGbf klg clxn]sf] cToGt dxTjk"0f{ s'/f :d[lt tyf af}l4s u'0fx¿sf] h]g]l6s kl/jt{g dflg;x¿sf cltl/Qm cGo hLjghGt'x¿df klg ;+ej x'g] ePsf] 5 .

j}1flgsx¿n] cfˆgf] o; k/LIf0fsf] qmddf k|yd k6s d';fnfO{ k|of]udf NofPsf x'g\ . pgLx¿n] Ps ljz]if l8hfOg hLg h]g]l6s kl/jt{g k4ltåf/f Pp6f d';fdf k|j]z u/fO{ ljZjd} ;a}eGbf rnfv Pj+ a'l4dfg d';f agfpg ;kmn eP . pgLx¿n] o; hLg kl/jlt{t d';fnfO{ 8'uL gfd lbPsf 5g\ . j}1flgsx¿n] of] k|of]u cd]l/sfl:yt lk|G;6g Go"h;L{df u/]sf x'g\ . pQm cg';Gwfg bnsf k|f]h]S6 k|d'v hfo l;ogsf cg';f/ d';fdfly ul/Psf] o; k|of]usf] ;a}eGbf /fd|f] kl/0ffd l8hfog hLjx¿sf] lgdf{0f ug]{ /x]sf] 5 . oL dWo] s's'/ klg kg{ ;Sg] 5 . lsgsL o;n] rfF8} s'/f jf sfd l6K5 / o;sf] pkof]u cGwf JolQmx¿nfO{ ;xfotf ug{ jf b]vfpgdf klg lgs} dxTjk"0f{ x'g] 5 . h] xf];\, j}1flgsx¿ of] o; k/LIf0faf6 of] dxTjk"0f{ s'/f l;4 ePsf] 5 ls Ps cltl/Qm hLg kl/jlt{t ubf{ dl:tis zlQmnfO{ k"/} hLjgsfnsf nflu g} a9fOlbg]5 .

dl:tis ljsf; ug]{ Pj+ a'l4nfO{ c¿ t]lhnf] agfpg d2t ug]{ pQm l8hfog ljz]if hLg k|fs[lts hLgsf] ;+zf]lws k|lt¿k xf] . o;nfO{ j}1flgsx¿n] k/LIf0fsf qmddf d';fsf] e"|0fdf k|j]z u/fPsf lyP, h'g k|f]l6g ePsf] 7fpFdf ul/Psf] lyof] . h] xf];\, o;¿kn] cfg'jf+lzs ;+/rgfdf s] slt / s'g xb;Dd ;+zf]wg Pj+ kl/dfh{g ug{ ;lsG5 Tof] eljion] atfpnf . t/ clxn]sf] nflu eg] o; lbzftkm{ of] Ps yk sbdsf]¿kdf dfGg ;lsG5 .

– j]bgfy kGyL …j]jkmfÚ

SofG;/sf] pkrf/df vf]k Û

:jf:Yo lj1fgsf] If]qdf ePsf gofF–gofF k|fljlws pknlAwaf6 ljZj dfgj hut\nfO{ lgs} ;d[4 t'NofOPsf] 5 . csf]{tkm{ ljZjdf To:tf vfnsf /f]ux¿ klg 5g\ h;n] jiff}{b]lv :jf:Yo lj1fgnfO{ g} r'gf}lt lbb} cfO/x]sf] 5 . o; qmddf SofG;/ Ps To:tf] /f]u xf] h'g /f]un] dflg;x¿nfO{ ;Dejt dfgj ;Eotfsf] ljsf;qmd;+u} ;tfpFb} cfO/x]sf] 5 . :jf:Yo lj1fgnfO{ ;d]t r'gf}tL lbb} cfO/x]sf] o; lsl;dsf] /f]usf] lgbfgsf nflu clxn];Dd ck|]zgsf] dfWodaf6 pkrf/ ug'{ kb{Yof] eg] xfn} dfq o; /f]usf] pkrf/df Ps k|sf/sf] vf]k lbP/ pkrf/ ug{ ;lsg] b]lvPsf] 5 . oxfF o;} af/] hfgf}+ .

d[uf}nfdf 6\o'd/ ePsf SofG;/ /f]uLnfO{ hd{gLsf j}1flgsx¿n] Ps k|sf/sf] vf]k lbP/ pkrf/ ubf{ o;af6 ;sf/fTds kl/0ffd lg:s]sf] cyf{t\ pQm 6\o'd/ lj:tf/} v'lDrP/ x/fPsf] 5 . o:tf] lsl;dsf] pkrf/ k|f/lDes r/0fsf] cWoog dfq} ePsf]n] pgLx¿n] o; pknlAwnfO{ pkof]uL 7fGb} yk cg';Gwfg ub}{5g\ . cg';Gwfgsf qmddf 6\o'd/o'Qm rf/ la/fdLsf] 6\o'd/ x/fPsf] lyof] eg] cGo b'O{ hgfsf] 6\o'd/ eg] cfwf eGbf a9L v'lDrPsf] lyof] .

gofF cWoog kZrft\ hd{gLsf] uf]6LGwg ljZjljBfnosf cg';Gwfgstf{x?n] o; vf]k k4ltaf6 kmf]S;f] x8\8L / z/L/sf cGo :yfgsf] 6\o'd/ x6fpg ;kmntf k|fKt u/]sf] hfgsf/L lbPsf 5g\ .

pgLx¿sf cg';f/ o; vf]kn] z/L/nfO{ ls6f0f' lj?4 n8\g ;fdy{jfg agfpF5 .

cg';Gwfgsf qmddf To;a]nf 8\g8«fO6Ls sf]zsf] k|of]u ul/Psf] lyof] . j}1flgsx¿n] k|To]s la/fdLaf6 bzf}+nfv 6\o'd/ sf]z lnP/ bftfaf6 k|fKt 8\g8«fO6Ls sf]zdf ld;fPsf lyP . To;kl5 xfOla|8 sf]z -ldl>tsf]if_ nfO{ k'gM la/fdLsf] z/L/df /f]k0f u/]sf lyP . To;kl5 pgLx¿n] s] b]v] eg] z/L/sf] k|lt/Iff k|0ffnLnfO{ tL xfOla|8 sf]zn] ;r]t agfPsf] lyof] . o; qmddf ^ xKtfsf] cGt/df b'O{ k6s vf]k nufPkl5 z/L/df 6\o'd/ a9\g aGb eof] . To;kl5 klg k|To]s tLg dlxgfdf vf]k lbOFb} ul/+bf z/L/df To:tf] s'g} g/fd|f] c;/ k/]sf] b]lvPg .

o; vf]ksf] pknlAwaf6 6\o'd/ ;dfKt ePsf rf/ la/fdLdWo] tLg hgfn] afx« xKtf leq} cf/fd dx;'; u/]sf lyP .

SofG;/sf] vf]kaf6 pkrf/ ug]{ k4ltsf] cg';Gwfg ;+rfng ug]{ g]zgn SofG;/ OlG:6Ro'6sf 8f= ;ld/ vlnkmn] o; ;DaGwL cfufdL gofF cWoognfO{ pT;fxk|b x'g] atfPsf] 5 . t/ klg cGo la/fdLnfO{ ;+nUg u/L cGo cg';Gwfgstf{x¿n] ;d]t o; ;DaGwdf c¿ k'li6 ug'{kg]{ pgsf] wf/0ff 5 .

– cf/=8L= >]i7

lagf k};f bfbaf6 d'Qm x'g] sfObf

z/L/df bfb cfpg' Ps lsl;dsf] /f]u xf] . o;n] z/L/nfO{ ljs[t agfOlbG5 . oxfF o;}sf] af/]df rrf{ ul/G5 .

bfb /f]u ;'s'jf / ks'jf u/L b'O{ lsl;dsf] x'G5 . klxnf] lsl;dsf] ;'Vvfvfn] bfb z/L/sf] s'g} c+u, xft, uf]8f, ufnf cflbdf /ftf]–/ftf], km';|f], v;|f] lsl;dsf] 6f6f] b]vf kb{5 . Tof] 6f6f] lrnfpg klg yfN5 . l5§} cf]vtL gu/]df Tof] 6f6f] a9\b} hfG5 / z/L/sf c¿ c+ux¿df klg To:t} 6f6fx¿ b]vf kg{ yfN5g\ . o;/L z/L/el/ g} bfbn] cfqmd0f u/]/ z/L/nfO{ s'¿k agfOlbG5 . bfb lrnfpF5 klg . hlt sGofP klg sGofpmF–sGofpFm nflu/xG5 . bfb k'/fgf] eO;s]sf] 5 eg] ds}sf bfgf hqf kmf]sfkmf]sL b]lvG5g\ . lrnfpg'sf] sf/0f tL kmf]sfdf d;Lgf ls6f0f' /x]sf x'G5g\ .

bf];|f] lsl;dsf] bfb emg\ 8/nfUbf] x'G5 . bfb cfPsf] 7fpF rr{/L km'6\g], kfSg] / kfgL alu/xg] x'G5 . ks'jf lsl;dsf] bfb cfPsf] 5 eg] Tof] 7fpF ;'lGgg] / vKg} g;lsg] u/L b'V5 klg . bfb /f]u lgsf] kfg{ jiff}{+;Dd xhf/f}+ ?lkofF vr{ ubf{ klg 8fS6/L cf]vtLn] ePg eGg] s'/f bfbsf /f]uLx¿n] atfO/x]sf 5g\ . t/ To;/L cflQg' kb}{g . cfo'j]{bL bfbsf] cr"s cf}ifwL Ps – b'O{ ?lkofFsf] l;w] g'g afx]s lagf k};fsf h8La'6Lx¿ xfd|} 3/ jl/kl/ kfOG5g\ . bfb /f]unfO{ lgd"{n kfg]{ h8La'6Lx¿ lgDg n]lvP cg';f/ 5g\ M–

…bfbÚ nfO{ ;+:s[tdf …bb|'Ú elgG5 . …tfk]|Ú nfO{ …bb'| xGtLltÚ bfbnfO{ gfz ug]{ -bb|'£g_ elgG5 . tfk]|sf u]8f, x/f{sf u]8f, t'n;Lsf kft, b"af] / l;w] g'g ;defu u/L s'6]/ w"nf] kfg]{ / l;;Ldf aGb u/L /fVg] . clnslt w"nf] lems]/ af;L cldnf] df]xL -dxL_ df xfn]/ lkm6\g] / nbab\b agfO{ kftsf] b'g' jf af]xf]tfdf /fVg] . c¿ efF8fdf /fv]df To;n] efF8fdf g} Kjfn kfl/lbG5 . To;sf] zlQm tLj|td x'G5 .

k|of]u ljlw bfb cfPsf] 7fpFdf laxfg a]n'sf lbgsf] b'O{k6s Tof] n]bf] nba9b\b nufpg] ugf{n] ev{/ cfPsf] bfb xf] eg] Ps–b'O{ lbgdf g} lgd"{n eOxfN5 . w]/} jif{ klxn]b]lv z/L/}el/ cfPsf] bfb xf] eg] ;ft lbgb]lv kGw| lbg;Dd n]k nufPdf bfbsf] bf]xf]nf] eOxfN5 . agfPsf] n]k -cf]vtL_ ;lsPkl5 l;;Ldf /fv]sf] w"nf] lems]/ k"jf]{St /Lltn] km]l/ agfpg] / nufpg] . of] cg'ejl;4 cr"s cf}ifwL xf] . of] n]vsf] n]vsn] bfbsf w]/} /f]uLx¿nfO{ pQm tl/sfn] pkrf/ u/]/ /f]ud'Qm kfl/;s]sf] 5 .

– l8NnL/d0f zdf{ cof{n, wflb{ª

Snf]lgª\ k|ljlwn] pkrf/df ;3fpg] Û

s'g} hLjsf] sf]lzsfx¿af6 b'?:t csf]{ hLj agfpg] k|ljlwnfO{ Snf]lgª elgG5 . s]xL ;do cl3 :s6Nof08sf j}1flgsn] Ps kl/kSj e]+8fsf] sf]lzsfaf6 Snf]lgª k|ljlwåf/f gofF e+]8f 8f]nLsf] pTkfbg u/]sf lyP . To;a]nf o; ljifon] ljZjhgdfg;df lgs} rrf{ kfPsf] lyof] . emg ;f/f] To;sf] nuQ}kl5 cd]l/sfsf &$ jifL{o ef}ltsljb\ l/r8{ l;8n] dfgj Snf]g klg ug{ ;lsg] ts{ p7fOlbPsfn] Snf]gsf] af/]df rrf{ kl/rrf{sf] afbn ljZjel/g} d8fl/g yfNof] . ;+;f/el/ o;sf] ltvf] k|ltlqmof eof] . cd]l/sL /fi6«klt ljn lSng6gn] o; sfo{sf] e;{gf dfq u/]gg\ /f]s nufpg] cfu|x ;d]t u/] . Tolta]nf Snf]g k|ljlwaf6 ;dfhdf ljs[lt afx]s s]xL NofpFb}g eGg] dfGotf lyof] . j}1flgsx¿n] o;sf] kmfObfsf] kIfnfO{ hg;dIf Nofpg EofPsf lyPgg\ . To;}n] o; af/]df gsf/fTds k|ltlqmofn] an kfPsf] lyof] . t/ xfn cfP/ j}1flgsx¿n] Snf]lgª k|ljlwåf/f cg]s lsl;dsf] /f]usf] pkrf/df klg ;xof]u k'¥ofpg ;lsg] hfgsf/L lbPsfn] o;sf ;sf/fTds kIfx¿ ;nanfpg yfn]sf 5g\ . oxfF o;} af/] s]xL hfgsf/L k|:t't 5 .

dfgj Snf]gsf] nflu 8f= l;8n] ckgfpg nfu]sf] k|ljlwdf dlxnfsf] c08fx'af6 8L=Pg=P= x6fP/ To; :yfgdf Snf]g agfpg] dflg;sf] 8L=Pg=P= /flvg] / To;kl5 aGg] e|"0fnfO{ s'g} dlxnfsf] uef{zodf k|Tof/f]k0f ug'{ lyof] . 8f= l;8sf cg';f/ olb of] k|ljlw ;kmn ePdf gf} dlxgfkl5 lzz' Snf]gsf] hGd x'g ;Sg] lyof] . t/ o; sfo{n] s:tf]¿k lnG5 . xfn o;} eGg g;lsg] eP klg o; sfdnfO{ s;/L dfgj sNof0fsf] sfo{df nufpg ;lsG5 eGg] af/]df Snf]g kl/of]hgfdf eO/x]sf] cg';Gwfgaf6 lgs} pT;fx k|b glthf k|fKt eO/x]sf]n] Snf]gsf] eljio pHjn x'Fb} uPsf] b]lvG5 .

8f]nL Snf]g tof/ kfg]{ Pl8gj6fsf] /f]hlng OlG:6Ro'6 / cd]l/sL Ps h}j k|ljlw sDkgLaLr ut dlxgf ePsf] ;Demf}tf cg';f/ Snf]lgª k|ljlwsf] dfWodaf6 dw'd]xb]lv x[bo/f]u h:tf cg]s /f]u lgjf/0f ug]{ cf}ifwLsf] vf]h ug'{ /x]sf] kfOPsf] 5 .

lrlsT;sLo Snf]lgªsf] ;+1f lbOPsf] o; k|ljlwsf] Jofks ;Defjgf b]lvG5 . ljz]if1x¿sf cg';f/ o; lsl;dsf] cg';Gwfgaf6 e"|0f ljsf;sf] If]qdf lj:t[t hfgsf/L kfpg ;lsG5 . o;sf] k|of]u afFemf]kg, ld;Sofl/hsf] pkrf/, hGd;DaGwL ljs[ltsf] pkrf/df x'g ;Sg] cg'dfg 5 . o;af6 tof/ kfl/Psf] sf]lzsfsf] pkof]u cf}ifwLsf] hfFr k8ftfn ug]{, dflg;sf] ladf/Lsf] df]8]n tof/ kfg]{ / ljiffQmtf km}nfpg] /f;fogsf] k/LIf0fdf klg ug{ ;lsG5 . To;df klg o;sf] d'Vo ljz]iftf o;af6 j}1flgsx¿n] ladf/Lsf] sf]lzsfaf6 klg Snf]g agfpg ;Sg] /x]sf] 5 . h;sf] pkof]u c+u dd{t / k|Tof/f]k0fdf klg ug{ ;lsG5 .\

lrlsT;sLo Snf]lgª k4ltn] s'g} la/fdLaf6 lnOPsf] sf]lzsfsf Go'lSno;nfO{ Ps o:tf] clgif]lrt c08f0f'df /flvG5 h;sf] cfˆgf] Go'lSno; x6fOPsf] x'G5 . o;kl5 o;nfO{ lah'nLsf] em6\sfåf/f e"|0fsf]¿kdf ljsl;t ug]{ k|of; ul/G5 . o; afx]s Snf]g k|ljlwaf6 dw'd]xsf] pkrf/sf] nflu OG;'lng pTkfbs sf]lzsf, kIff3ft, kfls{;g /f]u / cnlemld/ /f]u h:tf dl:tis ljsf/sf] nflu :gfo' sf]lzsf x[bo/f]usf] pkrf/sf] nflu df+;sf]lzsf / x]kf6fOl6;sf] pkrf/sf] nflu lhu/ sf]lzsf cflb cg]s lsl;dsf] sf]lzsf ;d]t pTkfbg ug{ ;lsG5 .

8f]nL e]+8fsf] Snf]g ug]{ k|f]= lnDd6 eG5g\ –æxfd|f] of] gofF k|of; dfgj Snf]g tof/ ug{ geO{ pkrf/sf] nflu xf] . la|6]gsf dfgj lgif]rg Pj+ e"|0f lj1fg k|flws/0fsf cg';f/ klg dfgj Snf]gsf] lgdf{0fsf] nflu cg'dlt ldNg g;Sg] b]lvPsf] 5 . j}1flgs 8f= Hofkfnsf ts{ klg dfgj Snf]gsf] cg'dlt ldn] klg of] sfd Hofb} hf]lvd k"0f{ ePsf]n] To;tkm{ k|of]u x'g gx'g] /x]sf] kfOPsf] 5 . To;}n] o;sf] pkof]u lrlsT;f If]qdf x'g] s'/fdf 9'Ss x'g ;lsG5 / o;sf] csf]{ lrlsT;sLo kIf dfgj lxtsf] nflu cToGt pkof]uL /x]sf]n] Snf]lgª k|ljlwsf] eljio pHjn x'Fb} uPsf] cg'dfg ug{ ;lsG5 .

k|:t'lt M g/gfy ;fksf]6f