cf}ifwL klg xf] Kofh

Kofh xfd|f] b}lgs ef]hgsf] Ps dxTjk"0f{ efu xf] . o;sf] k|of]u w]/} h;f] bfn / t/sf/Ldf ul/G5 . ;fy} o;nfO{ ;nfbsf] ¿kdf sfFr} vfg klg ;lsG5 . Kofhdf cf}ifwLo u'0f w]/} dfqfdf kfOG5 . w]/} h;f] cfo'j]{lbs cf}ifwLdf Kofhsf] k|of]u ul/G5 . j}1flgs cg';Gwfg cg';f/ Kofh SoflN;od, DofUg]l;od, ;f]l8od, kf]6fl;od tyf cfO/g w]/} dfqfdf pknAw ug{ ;lsG5 .

Kofhsf] k|of]u clwsf+z 3/df k|ltlbg x'g] u5{ . t/ klg xfdLn] Kofhsf] dxTjsf] af/]df /fd|f];Fu hfgsf/L kfpg ;s]sf 5}gf}+ . cfo'j]{lbs cg';f/ xhf/f}+ jif{ cl3b]lv Kofhsf] cf}ifwLaf6 cg]s /f]ux¿sf] pkrf/ x'Fb} cfPsf] b]lvG5 . o;}n] Kofhaf6 xfdL ;lhn};Fu 3/ a;L–a;L s}of}+ lsl;dsf] /f]ux¿af6 aRg ;S5f}+ . Kofhsf] s]xL cf}ifwLo u'0f lgDg cg';f/ 5g\ .

dw'/ cfjfhsf] nflu M– olb tkfO{+ cfˆgf] cfjfhnfO{ ;'l/nf] / dw'/ agfpg rfxg'x'G5 eg] k|To]s tLg lbgdf !%) u|fd Kofhsf] /;df Ps rDrf c;n dx ldnfP/ vfg'xf];\ . o;sf] k|of]un] tkfO{+sf] cfjfh dw'/f] / ;'l/nf] x'G5 . uLt ufpg ?rL /fVg] dflg;x¿sf] nflu of] k|of]u clt g} u'0fsf/L dflgG5 .

cfFvfsf] Hof]lt a9fpgsf] nflu M– cfo'j]{bsf cg';f/ Kofhsf] /; cfFvfsf] nflu dxTjk"0f{ cf}ifwL xf] . cfFvf sdhf]/ ePdf cyf{t\ df]tL laGb' eO/fv]sf] 5 eg] klg lbgx'F Kofhsf] /; b'O{ b'O{ yf]kf cfFvfdf xfn]df cfFvfsf] rds a9\g'sf] ;fy} df]tL laGb' x'gaf6 ;d]t arfpFb5 . olb cfFvf sdhf]/ 5 jf cfFvfsf] cufl8 wldnf] h:tf] ePdf Kofhsf] /; c;n dxdf ldnfP/ cfFvfdf xfn]df kmfObf x'G5 . of] ljlwn] b'Vg nfu]sf] cfFvf klg 7Ls x'G5 .

skfn emg{ nfu]df M– Kofhsf] /;df c;n dx ldnfO{ lbgx'F nufpgfn] skfn emg{af6 arfpFb5 .

sfgsf] /f]usf] nflu M– Kofhsf] /; sfgsf] /f]uLsf] nflu klg plQs} dxTjk"0f{ 5 . sfg sd ;'Gg] tyf sfg kfs]sf] 5 eg] Kofhsf] /; dg tftf] kf/]/ sfgdf xfNgfn] kmfObf u5{ . t/ olb w]/} b'v]sf] 5 eg] Kofhsf] /;df clkmd ldnfP/ sfgdf xfNgfn] cf/fd u5{ .

– bofb]jL k|wfgfª

yfxf 5 ;fOsnsf] Oltxf; slt k'/fgf] 5 <

;fOsn xfdL ;a}n] b]v]sf 5f}+ . xfdLdWo] w]/}n] r9]sf klg 5f}+ . t/ o;sf] Oltxf; eg] w]/}nfO{ yfxf gx'g ;S5 . To;}n] oxfF o;} af/] hfgsf/L u/f}+ .

;g\ !&() sf] bzsdf k|mfG;df wft'sf] Ps ;fOsn aGof] . wft' afx]s cGo s'g} klg j:t' o;df k|of]u ePsf] lyPg . b'O{j6f kf+u|f Pp6f a:g] cf;g -l;6_ afx]s o;df ;dfTgsf nflu Ps XoflG8n lyof] . t/ To;nfO{ otfptf 3'dfpg ;ls+b}gYof] . o;sf] l;6df a;]kl5 b'j}v'§f e'OFdf 6]Sg' kYof]{ . v'§fnfO{ e'OFlt/ x'TofPkl5 dfq of] cufl8 a9Yof] . of] ;fOsnsf] k|of]hg Tolta]nf v]nf}gfsf] ¿kdf ul/Psf] lyof] . vf;u/L zf}lvg JolQmx¿ o;df r9\g] uy]{ . zf}lvgx¿n] v]nf}gfsf ¿kdf k|of]u ug]{ ePsfn] g} o;nfO{ Tolta]nf …xla x;{Ú -zf]vsf] 3f]8f_ eg]/ elgGYof] . of] lgs} u¥xf}+ klg lyof] .

;g\ !*#( df cfP/ :s6Nof08sf …ss{Kofl6«s Dofs\ldngÚ eGg] JolQmn] …xla x;{Ú sf] 9fFrf / u'0fdf s]xL kl/jt{g NofP . ;fOsn cfljisf/sf] >]o klg log} Dofs\ldngn] kfPsf 5g\ . of] ;fOsndf k]8n -kfpbfgL_ lyP t/ r]g -h+lh/_ lyPg . k]8nb]lv kl5Nnf] kf+u|f;Dd 808Lx¿ hf]l8Psf lyP . XoflG8nsf] ;xfotfn] o;sf] cl3Nnf] kf+u|fnfO{ otfptf rnfpg ;lsGYof] .

;g\ !**) ;Dd Dofs\ldngn] cfljisf/ u/]sf] ;fOsndf 7"nf] kl/jt{g cfO;s]sf] lyof] . Rofp ;/x htftt} ;fOsn ;DaGwL Snjx¿ v'Ng yfn] . …k]gL kmflbªÚ gfdsf ;fOsnx¿ Tolta]nf v'a} k|rngdf cfP . ;fOsnsf nflu k|of]u ePsf zAb …k]gLÚ / …kmflbªÚ Tolta]nfsf b'O{ cnu–cnu c+u]|hL l;Ssf -d'b|f_ sf gfd lyP . …k]gLÚ 7"nf] l;Ssf lyof] eg] …kmflbªÚ ;fgf] l;Ssf lyof] . lt b'O{gfdsf l;Ssf em}+ of] ;fOsnsf kf+u|fx¿ klg c;dfg lyP . cl3Nnf kf+u|f 7"nf] lyof] eg] kl5Nnf] To;sf] t'ngfdf lgs} ;fgf] lyof] . k]8nx¿ cl3Nnf] kf+u|fx¿df hf]l8Psf lyP . XoflG8n klg oxL kf+u|f;Fu} lyof] / of] ;fOsn @ dL6/ cUnf] lyof] . b]Vbf /f]df~rsf/L ePklg o;df r9\g / ofqf ug{ lgs} vt/f lyof] . vt/gfs :jefjsf sf/0f …k]gL – kmflbªÚ sf] cfo' lbuf] /xg ;s]g .

;g\ !*() ;Dd ljleGg vfnsf ;'/lIft ;fOsnx¿ alg;s]sf lyP . r]g, xfjf el/Psf /a/sf 6fo/x¿ cflbsf] k|of]un] ;fOsn dgf]/+hs dfq geP/ pkof]uL klg ;flat eof] . ;g\ !*() kl5 t luo/ -bfFtL_ sf] k|of]un] ;fOsn emg} dxTjk"0f{ x'g uof] . cfhsn xfdL ljgf sl7gfO{ xNsf / :t/Lo ;fOsnx¿nfO{ OR5fg';f/ htftt} bf}8fpg ;S5f}+ .

k|:t'lt M bLks /f]sf If]qL …/f]bLÚ

cfos/ s] / slxn]b]lv <

s[lif, kfl/>lds, pBf]u, Jofkf/, k]zf jf Joj;fo, 3/hUuf axfn cflb ;|f]tx¿af6 cfh{g jf k|fKt u/]sf] gub jf lhG;LnfO{ cfo elgG5 . s'g} klg JolQm jf Joj;flos ;+:yfn] k|fKt u/]sf] o:tf] cfDbfgLdf ;/sf/nfO{ Ps lglZrt k|ltztsf b/n] z'Ns a'emfpg'kg]{ x'G5 . h;nfO{ cfos/ elgG5 .

s'g} klg b]zsf] /fli6«o cy{tGqdf cfos/n] dxTjk"0f{ e"ldsf v]n]sf] x'G5 . cfos/ ;/sf/L cfDbfgLsf] dxTjk"0f{ ;|f]t xf] . o;nfO{ cfly{s tyf ;fdflhs p2]Zo k"/f ug]{ ;fwgsf] ¿kdf klg x]l/G5 . o;n] /fli6«o cfodf x'g] c;Gt'ng sd ug{ d2t ug'{sf] ;fy} kl5 k/]sf If]qdf gofF pBf]u :yfkgf ug{ ;d]t ;xof]u k'¥ofpF5 . h;n] ubf{ cfos/nfO{ ;fdflhs–cfly{s ljsf;sf] k|efjsf/L ;fwgsf] ¿kdf lnOG5 .

ljZjdf ;j{k|yd cfodf s/ nufpg] rng u]|6la|6]gaf6 z'? ePsf] dflgG5 . cGo s/sf] t'ngfdf cfos/sf] ;'?jft l9n} ePsf] b]lvG5 . of] s/ d'Votof n8fOF, /fli6«o ;°t tyf ljQLo ;fwgsf] ;'b[9Ls/0f cflbsf nflu yk /fh:j h'6fpgsf] nflu nufOPsf] kfOG5 . u]|6la|6]gn] ;g\ !&)) sf] clGtd bzslt/ k|mfG;;Fusf] n8fOFdf yk /fh:j h'6fpg] p2]Zon] ;j{k|yd cfodf s/ nufPsf] lyof] .

;=/f= cd]l/sfdf ;g\ !*^@ b]lv cfos/ p7fpg z'? ul/Psf] lyof] . z'?df of] s/ cfjZostf cg';f/ p7fOGYof] eg] ;g\ !(!# b]lv lgoldt ¿kdf p7fpg yflnof] . ef/tdf cfos/ ;j{k|yd ;g\ !*^) df tTsflng la|l6z ;/sf/af6 nfu" ePsf] lyof] eg] O6fnL tyf Go"lhNof08df qmdzM ;g\ !*^$ / !*(! b]lv of] s/ nufpg z'? ul/Psf] lyof] .

g]kfndf @)!^ ;fndf dfq cfos/ ;DaGwL P]g ag]sf] kfOG5 . To; ;doeGbf cufl8 ljleGg /fhfx¿n] cf–cfˆgf] sfo{sfndf hgtfaf6 /fh:jsf] d"n ;|f]tsf] ¿kdf ljleGg s/ p7fPsf] kfOG5 . lnR5lj tyf dNn sfndf hUufaf6 k|fKt x'g] lt/f] dfnkf]t g} /fh:jsf] d"n ;|f]t lyof] . To;a]nf s]xL dfqfdf kfgLkf]t -l;+rfO s/_, wd{–;+/If0fs/ tyf hflt z'l4s/0f cflb h:tf ;fgfltgf s/x¿ c;n pk/ ul/GYof] . o:tf s/ lhG;L, gub jf >dsf] ¿kdf p7fpg] ul/GYof] .

>L % k[YjLgf/fo0f zfxaf6 g]kfn clw/fHosf] PsLs/0fkl5 b]zsf] k|zf;g, ;}lgs tyf cGo sfo{ ;+rfngsf nflu vr{df j[l4 x'Fb} uof] / /fhb/af/ s]Gb|Lo ;/sf/ tyf :yfgLo k|zf;g h:tf :t/af6 …hgtfn] lt/] hlt :jLsfg'{Ú gLlt cGtu{t s/ p7fpg yflnof] . s/ gubL jf lhG;L ¿kdf p7fOGYof] . To; a]nf sf7sf] lgsf;L tyf dfnkf]t /fh:jsf dxTjk"0f{ ;|f]t lyP . eG;f/, cGtz'Ns cflb 7]Ssfsf] ¿kdf lbOGYof] . cfodf s/ nufpg] rng eg] lyPg .

/f0ffsfnLg ;dodf klg /fh:jsf] d'Vo ;|f]t dfnkf]t, eG;f/ tyf sf7sf] lgsf;L g} lyof] . To; ;dodf hflu/bf/x¿n] s/sf] ¿kdf lglZrt /sd ;/sf/nfO{ a'emfpg'kg]{ Joj:yf lyof], h;nfO{ ;nfdL elgGYof] . o; ;dodf klg cfos/ nufpg] rngsf] ljsf; eO;s]sf] lyPg . ;j{k|yd >L % sf] ;/sf/n] @)!^ ;fndf Jofkf/sf] d'gfkmf / kfl/>lds cfodf s/ nufpg'kg]{ cfjZostf dx;'; u/L cfly{s P]g @)!^ hf/L u¥of] . To;kl5 lj=;+= @)!& ;fndf b]zsf] cfos/ ;DaGwL k|yd P]gsf] ¿kdf …cfos/ P]g @)!&Ú sfg'gL ¿kdf aGof] h;df @@ j6f bkmfx¿ lyP .

lj=;+= @)!& ;fndf ag]sf] cfos/ ;DaGwL P]gdf kfl/>lds tyf Jofkf/af6 k|fKt cfodf dfq s/ nufpg] Joj:yf ldnfOPsf] lyof] . o; P]gdf s/bftfn] s§f ug{ kfpg] vr{x¿sf] pNn]v lyPg . cg'dfgsf] cfwf/df s/ s§f ug'{kg]{ ePsf]n] of] P]g Tolt k|efjsf/L l;4 ePg / @)!( ;fndf of] P]g vf/]h u/L cfos/ P]g @)!( hf/L eof] . @( bkmf ePsf] of] P]g sfof{Gjogsf nflu >L % sf] ;/sf/n] …g]kfn cfos/ lgodfjnLÚ @)@) sf] th'{df u¥of] .

g]kfnsf] cfos/ P]g @)!( n] cfonfO{ Jofkf/, d'gfkmf tyf kfl/>ldsdf dfq ;Lldt g/fv]/ k]zf, Joj;fo, 3/hUuf, axfn, nufgL, aLdf tyf cGo ;|f]tx¿nfO{ ;d]t ;d]6\of] . of] P]g cGtu{t s/bftfn] ls:tfaGbLdf klg s/ ltg{ kfpg] ePsf lyP . s[lif cfodf s/ nfUg] Joj:yf o; P]gn] u/] klg kl5 uP/ of] Joj:yf vf/]h eof] . g]kfn cfos/ P]g @)!( sf] k|yd ;+zf]wg lj=;+= @)@( ;fndf eof] . To;kl5 lj=;+= @)#! df g]kfn cfos/ P]g @)!( vf/]h u/L gofF …cfos/ P]g @)#!Ú nfu" eof] . h;nfO{ cfos/ P]g @)!( sf] kl/dflh{t ¿k dfGg ;lsG5 .

g]kfnsf] …cfos/ P]g @)#!Ú df ljleGg gofF Joj:yfx¿ yk u/L hDdf ^^ bkmfx¿ k'¥ofOPsf] 5 . o; P]gsf] xfn;Dd @)#$, @)#^, @)#&, @)$!, @)$@, @)$#, @)$^ / @)$( ;fndf u/L hDdf * k6s ;+zf]wg eO;s]sf] 5 . clxn] klg g]kfndf …cfos/ P]gÚ @)#! cg';f/ g} cfos/ lgwf{/0f tyf c;'n ul/b} cfPsf] 5 .

– s[i0fk|;fb nfld5fg]

g]kfnL ;flxTosf s]xL s'/f–

k|yd cfw'lgs gf6ssf/ eg]/ afns[i0f ;dnfO{ a'lemG5 . pgsf] !(*^ ;fndf k|sflzt …d'6'sf] JoyfÚ n] g]kfnL gf6ssf] ;"qkft u/]sf] xf] .

– g]kfnL ;flxTodf k|yd ;fdflhs tyf df}lns gf6ssf/ eg]/ kxndfg l;+x :jfF/nfO{ lrlgG5 .

– kBfTds gf6ssf/ klg afns[i0f ;d g} x'g\ . pgsf] d'6'sf] Joyf …cd/ l;+xÚ, …k|NxfbÚ ;dsf kBfTds gf6s x'g\ .

– b'MvfGt gf6ssf/ ;dsf b'MvfGt gf6sx¿ …d'6'sf] JoyfÚ, cGwj]u, cd/ l;+x ljof]ufGt gf6sx¿ x'g\ .

– b]zeQm gf6ssf/ afns[i0f ;dsf b]zk]|dL gf6sx¿ …d's'Gb–OlGb/f, cd/ l;+x, eQmefg'eQmÚ x'g\ .

–lj=;+= !((! ;fndf zf/bf klqsfdf k|sflzt afns[i0f ;dsf] …abf{xdf lzsf/Ú gfds lgaGwn] cfw'lgs g]kfnL lgaGwsf] yfngL u/]sf] kfOG5 .

– lj=;+= !((@ ;fndf zf/bf klqsfdf …cfiff9sf] kGw|Ú gfds lgaGw k|sflzt ePsf] lyof] . of] g} g]kfnL ;flxTosf] klxnf] cfTdk/s lgaGw dflgG5 .

– !((@ ;fndf u'?k|;fb d}gfnLsf] …gf;f]Ú gfds syf k|sflzt ePkl5 g]kfnL ;flxTodf cfw'lgs syfsf] z"qkft ePsf] dflgG5 .

–…?kdltÚ ?b|/fh kf08]sf] !((! ;fndf k|sflzt ePsf] pkGof; xf] . ¿kdlt g} klxnf] cfw'lgs pkGof; xf] .

– g]kfnL pkGof;leq cfbzf]{Gd'v oyf{yjfbL wf/f, :jR5GbtfjfbL wf/f, ;fdflhs oyfy{jfbL wf/f, k|ultjfbL wf/f, dgf]j}1flgs wf/f / cl:tTjjfbL, lj;+ultjfbL wf/f /x]sf] kfOG5 .

;+sng M /fh' uf}td …afa'Ú

hLjgf]kof]uL s]xL s'/f

efj'stf / uGwk|ltsf] ;Dj]bgzLntf aLr sf] cGt/;DaGwM– s'g} klg dflg; olb cTolws efj's 5 eg] To;n] s'g} klg rLhsf] uGw kQf nufP/ j:t' lrGg ;S5 . uGw hf] sf]xL dflg;n] ;'F3]/ yfxf kfpg] s'/f xf] . t/ klg hf] dflg; uGwk|lt w]/} ;Dj]bgzLn 5 To;sf] uGw kQf nufpg] jf ;'F£g] Ifdtf klg a9L x'G5 . ca k|Zg p7\5 s:tf vfnsf dflg;x¿ uGwk|lt a9L ;Dj]bgzLn xf]nfg < o; s'/fsf] lh1f;f d]6fpg j}1flgsx¿n] xfn} Tof] s'/f kQf nufPsf 5g\ h'g dflg; w]/} efj's 5 cyjf If0f–If0fdf cfˆgf] dgl:ylt PSsf;L abNb5, To:tf vfnsf dflg; uGwk|lt a9L ;Dj]bgzLn x'G5g\ .

hd{gl:yt dgf]j}1flgsx¿sf] Ps ;d"xn] u/]sf] o; ;DaGwL k/LIf0faf6 efj'stfn] g} uGwk|lt pgLx¿sf] ;+j]bgzLntf lgwf{l/t ub{5 eGg] s'/fsf] k'li6 ul/Psf] xf] . pgLx¿sf cg';f/ oL b'j} Ps cfk;df o;/L ;DalGwt 5g ls dl:tissf] Pp6} efuåf/f o;sf] ;+rfng x'g] ub{5 .

#) hgf dlxnf tyf k'?ifaLr ul/Psf] pQm k/LIf0faf6 j}1flgsx¿n] pQm glthf km]nf kf/]sf x'g\ . k/LIf0fsf] qmddf tL ;a}nfO{ sfutL, s]/f, gfzkftL h:tf cnu–cnu jf:gf cfpg] rLhx¿ lbP/ pgLx¿sf] ;'F£g] Ifdtf ;DaGwdf j}1flgsx¿n] cWoog u/]sf lyP . o; cWoogaf6 h'g JolQm a9L efj's lyP ltgLx¿sf] uGw ;'F£g] Ifdtf klg a9L ePsf] pgLx¿n] kQf nufP .

Jofofdsf a]nf kfgL lkpg' slt plrt M– xfdLn] zf/Ll/s Jofofd ubf{ To;a]nf kfgL lkpg' x'G5 jf x'Fb}g eGg] ;DaGwdf km/s–km/s ljrf/ JoQm ul/Psf] tyf b]v];'g]sf 5f}+ xf]nf . t;y{ oxL s'/f :ki6 kfg{ Jofofdsf ;dodf c¿ ;dodf eGbf a9L kfgL rflxg] s'/fsf] oxfF hfgsf/L u/fOG5 .

– ljz]if1sf cg';f/ z/L/df xfO8]«zg k|ofKt gx'Fbf :jf:Yodf g/fd|f] k|efj kg]{ / o;sf] sdLn] cTolws ysfO{ nfUg'sf ;fy} ladf/L klg x'g ;Sg] atfOG5 . zf/Ll/s Jofofdsf] ;dodf c¿ a]nfeGbf a9L kfgLsf] cfjZostf kb{5 . olb o:tf ;dodf kfgL glkPdf :jf:Yodf k|lts"n k|efj kg{ ;Sg] ljz]if1x¿n] cf+}NofPsf 5g\ .

pgLx¿sf cg';f/ kfgL zf/Ll/s cGo cfjZostf kl/k"lt{ ug'{sf cltl/Qm z/L/s} tfkdfg ;Gt'ng sfod /fVg klg clt cfjZos x'G5 . df+;k]zL z/L/sf dxTjk"0f{ c+ux¿df clS;hg k'¥ofpg, /ut ;+rfngsf] l:ylt ;Gt'ng /fVg / z/L/sf] v/fa kbfy{ kl;gf tyf lk;faaf6 aflx/ ˆofFSg klg cTofjZos 5 . olb zf/Ll/s Jofofd ul/G5 eg] To;a]nf z/L/sf] cTolws kfgL kl;gf cflbaf6 vr{ x'G5 . /, c¿ kfgLsf] cfjZos k5{ . t;y{ ljz]if1x¿ Jofofdsf] ;dodf k|To]s !% ldg]6df Ps lunf; kfgL 306feGbf a9L Jofofd ubf{ vfg' kg]{ / Jofofd ug'{k"j{ klg a9L kfgL lkpg'kg]{ ;Nnfx lbG5g\ .

hlt yf]/} 1fg TolQs} xLn h'Qf M– tkfO{+ of] s'/f ;'Gbf cfZro{ dfGg ;Sg'x'G5 . ls af}l4s 1fg cg';f/ Jojxf/ klg To:t} x'G5 eGbf . t/ of] jf:tljstf xf] . o; ;DaGwdf j}1flgsx¿n] Ps cgf}7f] vfnsf] k/LIf0f klg ul/;s]sf 5g\ . dflg;n] hlt w]/} lzIff k|fKt u5{ TolQg} p;n] cfˆgf] a8KkgnfO{ Tofu u5{ / ;fdfGo hLjgdf /dfpF5 . …kmn nfu]sf] j[If lgx'l/G5 jf em'S5Ú eg] em}+ 1fgL jf lzlIft dflg; ;a}sf ;fd' ;Hhg agL em'S5 . a8KkgnfO{ TofU5 . To:t} pbfx/0f j}1flgsx¿n] xfn} hlt w]/} lzIff Tolt sd xLn eGg] ;DaGwdf Ps ;j]{If0faf6 k'li6 u/]sf 5g\ .

cd]l/sL x8\8L ljz]if1x¿n] s/La %#! hgf dlxnfdfly u/]sf] Ps ;j]{If0faf6 h'g dfqfdf pRr lzIff xfl;n u/]sf] 5 ltgLx¿n] nufpg] u/]sf] h'Qf jf rKknsf] xLn ;fOh klg sd ePsf] kQf nufP . ;j]{If0fdf pgLx¿n] &% k|ltzteGbf a9L dlxnfx¿ sfdsf] bf}/fgdf sd lxnjfnf rDdn nufPsf] kfP . To:t} :gfts tx;Dd of]Uotf ePsfdf %* k|ltzt tyf xfO:s'n n]jnsf] lzIff k|fKt ug]{ #& k|ltzt dlxnfn] sd xLnjfnf h'Qf nufpg] u/]sf] pgLx¿n] ;j]{If0fsf] qmddf kfP .

– j]bgfy kGyL

cnu cnu k|sf/sf s]xL ;}lgs cEof;

/0f3f]; kfFrM >Ln+sfsf] ;/sf/L ;]gfn] ;g\ !((( ;]K6]Da/ !@ b]lv pQ/ klZrdL If]qsf] dGgf/ lhNnfdf k[ystfjfbL tfldn 6fOu/ 5fkfdf/x¿ lj?4 rflnPsf] ;}lgs sf/jfxLnfO{ …/0f3f]; kfFrÚ ;+s]t lbOPsf] 5 . o; sf/jfxLdf ;/sf/L ;]gfn] 5fkfdf/x¿ lj?4 Ps}k6s gofF xjfO{ / :yn cfqmd0f ug]{ u/]sf] 5 .

Ulchi Focus Lens M– cd]l/sf / blIf0f sf]l/ofn] ;g\ !((( cui6 !^ b]lv @& ;Dd blIf0f sf]l/ofdf ;+o'Qm ;}lgs cEof; u/], h;sf] gfd Ulchi Focus Lens lbOPsf] 5 . of] ljZjs} ;a}eGbf 7"nf] sDKo'6/ lgb]{lzt ;}lgs cEof; lyof], h;df %^ xhf/ blIf0f sf]l/ofnL / !( xhf/ $ ;o cd]l/sL ;]gfsf] ;xeflutf lyof] .

Thai Boomerang '99 M– yfONof08sf zfxL jfo' ;}lgs (RTAF) / zfxL ci6]«lnofnL jfo' ;}lgs (RAAF) n] ;g\ !((( cui6 !&s b]lv @* ;Dd yfONof08df Thai Boomerang 99 gfds cEof; u/] . o;df yfONof08sf] Pkm–!^ dLN6/f]n kmfO6/ / ci6]«lnofsf] 6\jLg OlGhg Pkm–!* kmfO6;{ ljdfg d'Vo cfsif{s lyP .

Exercise Stardex '99 M– ci6]«lnof, dn]l;of, Go"lhNof08, l;+ufk'/ / a]nfotsf ;]gfn] blIf0fL rLlgof ;fu/ If]qdf ;g\ !((( cui6 @* b]lv nuftf/ !@ lbg ;}lgs cEof; u/], h'g cEof;sf] gfd Exercise Stardex '99 lbOPsf] 5 . oL % /fi6«sf] @& jif{ k'/fgf] ;d"x five Power Defence Arrangement o; If]qsf] ;'/Iff / dn]l;of Pj+ l;+ufk'/nfO{ sDo'lgHdaf6 arfpg ag]sf] xf] .

Cobra GoldM– yfONof08 / cd]l/sfaLr ;g\ !((( d] !@ b]lv @% ;Dd ePsf] Ps ;+o'Qm ;}lgs cEof;nfO{ Cobra Gold elgG5 . o; cEof;df k|zfGt If]qsf cd]l/sL cv8fdf /x]sf !@ xhf/ cd]l/sL ;}lgsx¿ ;xefuL lyP .

Operation Shakti '98 M– ef/tn] ;g\ !((* sf] dO{ !! / !# df cf0fljs k/LIf0f u/]sf] lyof] . of] k/LIf0f cleofg cGtu{t ePsf % j6f k/LIf0fnfO{ Operation Shakti '98 elgG5 .

Sarex 98 M– xªsª gful/s p8\8ogåf/f cfof]lht cd]l/sL / rLlgof ;d'b|L ;}GohTyfn] u/]sf] ;}lgs cEof;sf] gfd Sarex '98 xf] . of] cEof; ;g\ !((* l8;]Da/ #–% df eof] .

Ashura - 3 M– ;g\ !((* ;]K6]Da/ !–# df O/fgsf] l/df]No';g/L uf8{ gfds ;]gfsf] &) xhf/ ;}lgsx¿n] cˆuflg:tfgsf] l;dfgf glhs ;}lgs cEof; u/] . o;} cEof;nfO{ Ashura–3 elgG5 .

Task Force EagleM– af]l:gof xh{uf]legfdf zflGt sfod /fVg] sfo{df gf6f]åf/f ^) xhf/ zflGt ;}lgs t}gfy ul/Psf] ;}GoannfO{ Task Force Eagle elgG5 .

Co-operative Assembly M– o'uf]:nfleofsf] ;lj{of u0f/fHosf] sf];f]ef] k|fGtdf ;/sf/L ;]gf / k[ystfjfbL cNaflgofnL d"nsf lab|f]xLx¿aLr eO/x]sf] o'4 /f]Sg g]6f] / o;sf ;xof]uL /fi6«x¿n] ;g\ !((* cui6 !* b]lv @@ ;Dd u/]sf] ;}lgs cEof;nfO{ Co-operative Assembly '98 elgG5 .

k|:t'lt M lji0f'k|;fb lg/f}nf

af?bL ;'?ª sxfF slt <

ljZjsf ;Q/L b]zdf bzb]lv aL; s/f]8 af?bL ;'?ª cf]5\ofOPsf] cg'dfg jftfj/0fljb\ Pj+ j}1flgsx¿n] u/]sf 5g\ . o;dWo] ckmuflg:tfg / sDaf]l8ofdf dfq s/La Ps–Ps s/f]8 / c+uf]nfdf 8]9 s/f]8 af?bL ;'?ª la5\ofOPsf] 5 . ljZjdf k|To]s dlxgf s/La b'O{ xhf/ dflg; o;/L hdLgd'lg cf]5\ofOPsf] lj:kmf]6s kbfy{ af?bL ;'?ªdf kg]{ u/]sf 5g\ . tLdWo] *) ;osf] d[To' x'g] u5{ / !@)) dflg; ckfª eP/ afFRb5g\ . oxL bb{gfs lk8fnfO{ dxz'; u/L ;dfh;]jL / jftfj/0fljb\x¿ x/]s jif{ Ps nfv af?bL ;'?ª x6fpg ;kmn t x'G5g\ t/ ToxL cjlwdf cfFtssf/Lx¿ c¿ @) nfv cf]5\ofOG5g\ . o; lx;fan] ljZjdf ;a} af?bL ;'?ª x6fpg Ps xhf/ jif{ nfUg] cg'dfg 5 .

;g\ !((& sf] % l8;]Da/sf lbg Sofgf8fsf] cf]6fjfdf !@% /fi6«n] To:tf k|f0f3fts af?bL ;'?ªdfly k|ltaGw nufpg] ;lGwdf x:tfIf/ u/]sf 5g\ . t/ cd]l/sf, ?;, rLg 6sL{, O/fg, O/fs, lnlaof, ef/t, kfls:tfg, ld>, Oh/fon, pQ/ sf]l/of, blIf0f sf]l/of, leotgfd h:tf pQm kbfy{;Fu ;DalGwt b]zx¿n] eg] ;GwLdf x:tfIf/ u/]sf 5}gg\ . oLdWo] sltko af?bL ;'?ªsf pTkfbs /fi6« dflgG5g\ . af?bL ;'?ª pTkfbg ug]{ b]zx¿n] jflif{s ^÷& c/a ?k}ofF cfDbfgL u5{g\ eGg] cg'dfg 5 . bf];|f] ljZjo'4 kl5sf xfn;Ddsf jif{df $) s/f]8eGbf a9L af?bL ;'?ª cf]5\ofO;s]sf] eLif0f jf:tljstf klg xfn} k|s6 ePsf] 5 . o'4 ePsf a]nf zq'nfO{ dfg{ elg hdLgdf cf]5\ofOPsf af?bL ;'?ª o'4sf] ;dflKtkl5 klg gful/sx¿sf] nflu ljz]if vt/f x'g] u/]sf 5g\ . o:tf] vt/faf6 aRgsf nflu o;sf pTkfbs sDkgLnfO{ sd;]sd af?bL ;'?ªdf 6fOd adsf] h:t} b'O{j6f tf/ hf]l8Pkl5 dfq lj:kmf]6g x'g] u/L lgdf{0f ug{ nufpg' k5{ eGg] j}1flgsx¿n] dfu ul//x]sf 5g\ . o:tf] l8lh6no'Qm 38L ePsf] b'O{ tf/jfnf af?bL ;'?ªsf] dfq lgdf{0f ug{ /fi6« ;+3 ;dIf dfu klg eO/x]sf] 5 .

zq'sf] k}bn ;]gfsf] ultnfO{ /f]Sg af?bL ;'?ªL a|Xdf:q ;flat ePsf] 5 . k/Dk/fut af?bL ;'?ª b'O{ k|sf/sf x'G5g\ . h;df ;}lgsnfO{ dfg{sf] nflu cf]5\ofOg] af?bL ;'/ª / 6\ofªnfO{ gi6 ug]{ af?bL ;'?ª . cfhsfn x]lnsf]K6/ gfzs af?bL ;'?ª klg agfO;lsPsf 5g\ .

af?bL ;'?ªsf] k|of]u ;j{k|yd o'/f]kdf k|yd ljZjo'4sf a]nf z'? ul/Psf] lyof] . bf];|f] ljZjo'4b]lv 6\of+snfO{ gi6 ug{ klg af?bL ;'?ª pTkfbg ul/of] . ;j{k|yd hd{gLn] ;g\ !(#^ df agfP/ ;g\ !($! df pQ/L clk|msfdf k|of]u ul/Psf] af?bL ;'?ª Pp6f ;fgf] l6gsf] 8Aafdf af?4 e/]/ To;dfly Pp6f lj:kmf]6s lkg /flvPsf] x'GYof] . h'g lkgdf s'Nr]/ lx+8\g] dflg; xf];\ of kz'n] s'Nrgf;fy Tof] lj:kmf]6 x'GYof] . a]ngf h:t} 8Aafdf af?b;Fu} wft'sf lsnf sfF6L xfn]/ df6f]d'lg n'sfP/ /flvPsf] pQm j:t'dfly ha lx+l8G5 o;sf] 9Ssgdf bafj k5{ . To;a]nf hdLgdfly lg:s]sf ;+j]bglzn tf/ xlNnP/ hdLgeGbf ^ lkm6 dfly;Dd ;'?ª lj:kmf]6 x'G5 . lj:kmf]6gaf6 af?b;Fu ldl;Psf 5/f{x¿ 5l/G5g\ / slDtdf $ hgf;Dd l;kfxL 3fOt] x'G5g\ jf db{5g\ . hd{gLsf] gSsn ub}{ la|6]g / cd]l/sfn] klg pQm af?bL ;'?ªsf] k|of]u u/] . 6\of+se]bL af?bL ;'?ª rflx+ dflg; 3fts af?bL ;'?ª h:tf] ;+j]bgzLn x'Fb}g . ;g\ !(^) df cd]l/sfn] agfPsf] 6\of+se]bL af?bL ;'?ª Knfli6ssf] 8Aafdf /flvPsf] emg\ wf]s]afh :jefjsf] 5 .

cfw'lgs af?bL ;'?ª Pp6} oGqaf6 k|f0fLgfzs / 6\of+se]bL ;'?ª lj:kmf]6 ug]{ :jrflnt k4ltsf] ljsf; ul/Psf] 5 . o:tf af?bL ;'?ª >Ln+sf / af]l:gof xh{uf]legfsf] o'4df k|of]u ul/Psf 5g . o:tf af?bL ;'?ª d]6n l86]S6/åf/f ;d]t yfxf kfpg ;ls+b}g . s]jn Knfli6saf6 ag]sf] /f;folgs ˆo"haf6 lj:kmf]6 x'g] af?bL ;'?ª cfh ef]ln v'a} kfOG5g\ . ;g\ !((! sf] O/fs–s'a]t o'4df k|of]u ul/Psf cfw'lgs af?bL ;'?ªnfO{ vf]Hg' / lgliqmo kfg'{ lgs} r'gf}tLk"0f{ sfo{ ag]sf] 5 .

af?bL ;'?ª lgis[o kfg]{ ljlw klg ;g\ !(#* kl5 g} k|sfzdf cfPsf] xf] . ;kmfO{ ug]{ emf8' h:t} of] On]S6«f]lgs oGq hdLgdf 3'dfpFb} lx+8]kl5 Pp6f ljB'tLo IF]qsf] lgdf{0f x'G5 . af?bL ;'?ªsf] 8Aafdf /x]sf] wft'sf sf/0f of] On]S6«f]lgs oGqdf ljrng cfpF5 . o;nfO{ rnfpg]sf] sfgdf ;'?ªsf] vt/fsf] 306L aH5 . To;} 7fpFdf Pp6f lrGx /fv]/ 5f]l8G5 / kl5 l;kfxLx¿n] Tof] ;'?ªnfO{ lgis[o kfb}{ lx+8\5g\ . af?bL ;'?ª x6fpg] ljlw clxn];Dd oxL g} k|rlnt /x]sf] 5 .

af?bL ;'?ªdf wft' g/fvLsg Knfli6s, ;L;fsf] 5/f{, sf7sf] ;'O/f xfNg yfn]kl5 eg] pQm ljlwn] geP/ To:tf If]qdf 6\of+s s'bfO{ 6\of+ssf] cufl8 /a/sf] /f]n/ /fv]/ lj:kmf]6 u/fO{ gi6 ug]{ ul/G5 . af?bL ;'?ª o'4df Ps clgjfo{ xltof/ eP klg ca o;nfO{ k"0f{ k|ltaGw nufpg'k5{ eGg] cfjfh ;d]t cGt/f{li6«o :t/df p7\g yfn]sf] 5 . a]nfotsL :juL{o o'j/f1L 8fogf tyf cd]l/sfsf] cfO{=aL=;L= Pn= gfdsf] ;+:yfsL k|d'v hf]8L ljlnoD;n] o; dfldnfdf dxTjk"0f{ kxn u/]sL l5g\ . hf]8L ljlnoD;n] t o;}sf/0f …gf]a]n zflGt k'/:sf/Ú ;d]t k|fKt u/]sL l5g\ . log}sf k|of;af6 ljZjsf !@% /fi6«x¿ af?bL ;'?ªdfly k|ltaGw nufpg ;xdt ;d]t eO;s]sf 5g\ .

– s[i0f e'h]n

– g]kfndf klxnf] k6s 6'lssf] w"Fjf Sofgef;df ptf/]/ @! j6f lrqx¿ tof/ u/L k|b{zgL u/fpg] lrqsf/ s[i0fuf]kfn /+lht x'g\ .

– ;+ejtM ljZjs} ;a}eGbf 7"nf] aln lbg] dflgPsf] u9LdfOsf] d]nf g]kfnsf] af/f lhNnfsf] al/ofk'/df nfUb5 .

– blIf0f Pl;ofs} ;a}eGbf 7"nf] dflgPsf] ;f}o{ r'nf] O6x/L g=kf=–! l:yt df]8g{
lk|k]/]6f] af]l8{ª :s'ndf /x]sf] 5 . ;f] r'nf] :jL6\h/Nof08sf cfn]s Uofyg]z, lu|;sf hh{ tyf hd{gLsf lqmli6gf / xf]Nu/n] hd{gLl:yt Pd8]g ljZjljBfnosf] ;xof]udf ?= *) xhf/sf] nfutdf agfPsf lyP .

– g]kfnsf] 8f]Nkf If]qdf af]lng] 8f]Nkmf] efiffdf lgld{t Sof/efg g]kfnsf] nf]enfUbf] lxdfnL e"–b[io / si6s/ hLjgz}nLnfO{ lnP/ lgdf{0f ul/Psf] cfsif{s lkmr/ lkmNdsf] gfd xf] .

– g]kfndf s/La Ps nfv %) xhf/ JolQmx¿ cGwf]kgaf6 kLl8t 5g\ .

– dflg;sf] b'j} ufnfnfO{ csf]{ zAbdf vftfkftf elgG5 .

– dflg;nfO{ (( l8u|L km/]gxfO6df Hj/f] cfpF5 eg] s's'/nfO{ !)@ l8u|L km/]gxfO6df cfpF5 .

– lj=;+= !($$ ;fndf sf7df8f}+df v'n]sf] xl/x/ zf/bf k':tsfno gfdsf] k':tsfno g]kfnsf] ;a}eGbf k'/fgf] k':tsfno dflgG5 .

– ufOhfqfnfO{ g]kfn efiffdf …;fkf?Ú elgG5 .

– uf}td a'4sf % hgf k|d'v lziox¿ sf}l80o, dxfgfd, ci6hL, jKk / dlb|of x'g\ .

– ;+sng M ljgo …lz/LifÚ cf]emf

3/df ;'Ts]/L u/fpFbf s'g s'g s'/fdf Wofg lbg'k5{ <

xfd|f] b]zdf clzIff, c1fgtf, s'kf]if0f cflbsf] sf/0f j;]{lg ;'Ts]/Lsf] Joyfn] lgs} cfdf / aRrfx¿sf] Hofg hfg] u/]sf] kfOG5 . To;}n] oxfF ;'Ts]/L x'Fbf ckgfpg' kg]{ ;fdfGo hfgsf/L lbg] k|of; ul/Psf] 5 .

– ;j{k|yd aRrf hGdfpg] sf]7f ;kmf pHofnf] / xfjf v]Ng] x'g'k5{ . cfuf] afn]/ sf]7fdf w'Fjf agfpg' x'Fb}g . aRrf ;kmf 7fpFdf tGgf jf ;kmf sk8f ljR5\ofOPsf] 7fpFdf hGdfpg' k5{ .

– ;'Ts]/L u/fpg] JolQm tfnLd k|fKt jf cg'ejL x'g'kb{5 . p;n] xft ;kmf kfgLn] / xftsf gª 5f]6f] u/L sf6\g' k5{ . ue{jtLsf] k|hgg c+udf ;fa'g kfgL jf 8]6f]n kfgL xfNg' k5{ .

– gfle sf6\g] cf}hf/ -rSs' jf klQ_ kfgLdf pdfn]/ ls6f0f' /lxt agfpg' k5{ . o;f] gu/]df wg'i6+sf/ /f]u nfUg] 8/ x'G5 .

– gfn afFWgsf nflu b'O{j6f ;kmf sk8fsf nfdf alnof 6'qmfx¿ 7Ls kfg'{ k5{ . To;} u/L gfle afFWg sk8f 7Ls kfl/;s]kl5 gfle 9fSg klg ;kmf sk8f 7Ls kfg'{ k5{ .

– k|zj Joyf nfu]kl5 ue{jlt gf/L cflQPsL x'g ;lS5g\ . dgf]j}1flgs sf/0f -qf; / c;'/Iffsf] efjgf_ n] klg k|zj Joyf nfdf] cyjf hl6n x'g ;S5 . To;}n] o:tf] a]nf pgnfO{ ;fGTjgf tyf /fd|f] Jojxf/sf] cfjZostf k5{ . sltko b]zx¿df aRrf hGdfpg] a]nfdf ue{jtL gf/Lsf kltnfO{ klg;Fu} a:g] cg'dlt lbOG5 . o;f] ugf{n], gf/Lsf] w}o{ a9\g'sf ;fy} kTgLn] ef]Ug' k/]sf] k|zj kL8f k|ToIf ¿kdf b]Vg] df}sf kfpFbf k'?ifdf klg kTgL tyf ;Gtfgk|ltsf] :g]x ;DaGw cem uf9f aGg ;Sg] / ;fgf] kl/jf/ agfpg k'?if :jtM pTk]|l/t aGg ;S5g\ .

– k|zj Joyfdf ue{jtLn] af/Daf/ lk;fa km]g'{ k5{ olb lbzf lk;fa gePdf aRrf hGdfpg uf¥xf] x'G5 .

– Joyf z'? x'gf;fy ue{jtLnfO{ k|z:t kfgL tyf tfultnf] emf]n kbfy{ v'jfO{ /xg' k5{ . Joyf nfu]kl5 ue{jtLnfO{ lx+8\8'n u/fpFbf kmfObf x'G5 .

– k|zj Joyf x'Fbf Hofbf b'v]df ulx/f] nfdf] ;f; kmg{ nufpg' k5{ . o;f] ubf{ b'MvfO{ sd x'G5 .

– aRrfsf] 6fpsf] lg:s]kl5 ;'8]gLn] slxn] klg tfGg' x'Fb}g . o;n] aRrfnfO{ xflg k'¥ofpg ;S5 .

– lzz' hGdg] lalQs} p;nfO{ cfdfsf] kf7]3/sf] ;txeGbf tNnf] ;txdf /fVg] gfle gafFw];Dd oxL cj:yfdf /fVg' k5{ .

– cfdfaf6 5'l§gf;fy lzz'sf] d'v, cfFvf / 3fF6Lleq /x]sf] t/n kbfy{ lgsfNg ;kmf sk8fn] k'l5 lbg' k5{ .

– lk7\o" tyf 5ftLdf la:tf/} dfl8lbPdf lzz'nfO{ ;lhnf];Fu ;f; km]g{ ;xof]u k'U5 .

– cfdf ;'Ts]/L x'g] cj:yf lzz'n] lgNg k'u]sf] t/n kbfy{ gfs / d'vaf6 lgsfNgsf nflu lzz'sf b'j} v'§fnfO{ Ps xftdf d'7L kf/]/ 6fpsf] tnlt/ em'08\ofO{ csf]{ xftn] lk7\o"df la:tf/} wfk lbg' k5{ .

– lzz' hGd]sf] b'O{ ldg]6kl5 gfle sf6\g' k5{ .

– gfle sf6\g'eGbf cufl8 gfO6f]eGbf rf/ kfFr c+u'n dfly Ps 7fpFdf / To;eGbf klg cem dfly cln k/ csf]{ 7fpFdf ;kmf sk8fsf] 6'qmfn] alnof];Fu afFWg' k5{ . afFw]sf] b'O{ 7fpFsf] aLrdf pdfn]sf] klQ cyjf rSs'n] sf6\g'k5{ .

– gfn sfl6;s]kl5 3fpdf pdfn]sf] ;kmf kfgLn] wf]P/ ;kmf sk8fn] 5f]k]/ xNsf;Fu afFlwlbg'k5{ .

– dg tftf] kfgL tyf ePdf g/d vfnsf] ;fa'gn] lzz'nfO{ la:tf/} ;kmf u/]/ g'xfO{ Gofgf] n'uf nufO{ lbg'k5{ .

– ;Dej ePdf ;'Ts]/L ;fdu|L lsg]/ Nofpg'kb{5 . cfh ef]ln ahf/df o:tf] ;fdfg k|z:t} kfOG5 . o;sf] k|of]u lgs} k|efjsf/L x'G5 . a]nfa]nfdf aRrf hGd]kl5 ;'Ts]/L cfdfsf] vfgkfg / cf/fd OToflb s'/fdf Wofg k'¥ofO/fVg' cfjZos x'G5 .

;+sng M r'8fdl0f ± xL/f l3ld/]

s] xf] t tf08j / nf:o g[To <

tf08j g[To M ;+;f/df k|rlnt g[Toxsf] kmfF6df tf08j g[Tosf] Ps 5'§} dxTj 5 . g[Tox¿nfO{ k|foM u/]/ b'O{ efudf juL{s/0f ug{ ;lsG5 . Ps k|sf/sf o:tf g[Tox¿ h;df jL//;sf] k|wfgtf /x]sf] x'G5 . To;nfO{ g} tf08j g[To elgG5 . of] g[To vf; u/]/ k'?if hfltåf/f k|:t't ul/G5 . o;df /f}b|, jL/Tj qmf]w cflb efjx¿nfO{ k|bz{g ul/G5 . o; k|sf/sf g[Tox¿df c+u, pkf+usf] ;+rfng klg sl7g tyf cToGt cfj]zk"0f{ x'g'sf] ;fy} o:tf c+ux¿sf] of] g[Todf k|of]u ul/G5 h'g g[To :qLx¿n] ubf{ ;f}Gbo{o'Qm b]lv+b}g .

tf08j g[Tosf ;d|f6 eg]/ eujfg lzjnfO{ lrlgG5 . lzj, tf08j g[To Pp6f ljz]if ;dodf dfq k|:t't uy]{ . kf}/fl0fs syg cg';f/ kt~hln / Jofw|kfb Clifsf] ljz]if cg'/f]wdf lzjn] …cfgGb tf08jÚ g[Tosf] k|:t't u/]sf lyP . lzjn] tf08j g[To gfRbf a|Xdfn] tfn lbGy], lji0f'n] d[bª ahfpFy] / gf/bd'lgn] uLt ufpFy] . To:t} eujfg lzjn] lqk'/f;'/ gfds /fIf;nfO{ dfg{sf] nflu jL//; k|wfg tf08j g[To k|:t't u/]sf lyP . lzjn] of] g[To c¿ Clifd'lgx¿nfO{ klg l;sfPsf lyP / o;nfO{ ljZjel/ km}nfpg] cfb]z klg lbPsf lyP . To; ;dodf lzjn] !)* k|sf/sf tf08j g[To k|:t't u/]sf lyP h'g jL//;n] kl/k"0f{ 5 . lzjn] u/]sf tf08j g[Tox¿dWo] lgDg ;ft k|d'v dflgG5g\ .

;+xf/, lqk'/, sflnsf, pdf, uf}/L, ;GWof / cfgGb .

nf:o g[To M of] g[To ljz]if u/L gf/L hfltx¿af6 ul/G5 . >[+uf/ /;sf] k|wfgtf /x]sf] g[TonfO{ g} nf:o g[To elgG5 . :qLx¿sf] ;'s'df/, df]xgL nufpg], j}zfn' g[To g} nf:o g[To xf] . o;df d"ntM k]|dlqm8fsf] efj cleJoQm x'g'sf] ;fy} nfj0odo c+u ;+rfngsf] efje+uLdf x'G5 . o; g[Todf :qLx¿n] bof, s?0ff, k]|d cflb efjx¿ ;'Gb/, cfsif{0f d'b|fdf k|blz{t ub{5g\ . nf:o g[Todf sf]dn efjgfx¿sf] cleJolQm x'G5 . x'g t of] g[To gf/L k'?if b'a}af6 ubf{ klg x'G5 t/ gf/LnfO{ g} of] g[To ug{ ;'xfpF5 . lsgls o;sf] efje+ludfdf d[b'tf, sf]dntf dfq xf]Og c+u pkfªsf] ;+rfngdf klg dfw'o{, d'Uwtf cflb k|r'/ dfqfdf x'g' kb{5 .

Ps kf}/fl0fs syg cg';f/ eujfg lzjn] lqk'/f;'/ gfdsf /fIf;nfO{ df/]kl5 kfj{tLn] nf:o g[To u/]sL lyOg\ . kl5 uP/ of] nf:o g[To :ju{ / k[YjLdf lgs} nf]slk|o x'g uof] . jf0ff;'/sL 5f]/L piffnfO{ kfj{tLn] nf:o g[To l;sfPsL lyOg\ . piffn] åfl/sfdf cfP/ o; g[Tosf] k|rf/ u/]sL lyOg\ / of] g[To ljZjdf k|rlnt x'g uPsf] xf] . csf]{ Pp6f syg cg';f/ eujfg s[i0fn] nf:o g[TonfO{ ;jf{ª ¿kdf k|bfg ug{sf] nflu …/f; d08nÚ sf] /rgf u/]sf lyP .

nf:o g[TonfO{ lgDg tLg tl/sfn] x]g{ ;lsG5 – ljifd, ljs6 / n3' . oL tLgnfO{ g[Todf km/s km/s tl/sfn] k|:t't ul/G5 . ljifd nf:o g[Todf gt{s gt{sLx¿ t]l;{P/ j[Qfsf/df 3'd]/ g[To ub{5g\ . ljs6 nf:o g[To ubf{ no, tfn / efjsf] k|bz{g ub{5g\ eg] n3' nf:o g[Todf g[Tosf/x¿ rfFk nufP/ e"O{+ df em+sf/ ub}{ s's'{Rrf p7fP/ gfR5g\ . o;df c+u ljz]if cToGt sf]dn / d[b' x'g' kb{5 .

;+sns M ljho n'O{6]n

s'g kmndf s] ljz]iftf <

kmnkm"n xfdL ;a}n] vfPsf 5f}+ . kmnkm"ndf k|z:t kf}li6s tTj x'g] ePsf]n] kmnkm"n vfg' :jf:Yosf] nflu lgs} pkof]uL dflgPsf] 5 eGg] s'/f] klg xfdLdWo] w]/}nfO{ yfxf 5 . Tolt dfq xf]Og sltko kmnn] /f]u lgjf/0fsf] nflu dxTjk"0f{ cf}ifwLsf] sfd ub{5 eGg] s'/f] klg xfdLdWo] s]xLnfO{ yfxf ePsf] x'g'kb{5 . t/ s'g kmndf s] s:tf] ljz]iftf x'G5 / s'g s'g kmnn] s'g s'g /f]usf] nflu cf}ifwLsf] sfd ub{5 eGg] s'/f] eg] w]/}nfO{ yfxf gx'g ;S5 . To;}n] oxfF s]xL kmnsf] ljz]iftf / cf}ifwLo u'0fsf] af/]df hfgsf/L lbg] k|of; ul/Psf] 5 .

:ofpM– o; kmndf ljz]if u/L Pl06clS;8]06 lSj/;]l6g / /]zf cflb kf]ifs tTj a9L dfqfdf kfOG5 . o; kmnn] d'6'sf] /f]u, SofG;/, xfOsf]n]:6«f]n, slAhot df]6f]kg cflb /f]uaf6 arfpg] sfd ub{5 . :ofpsf] lgoldt ;]jgaf6 /ut hDg], d'6'sf] w8\sg aGb x'g], SofG;/sf] ;Defjgf, kfrg lqmofsf] u8a8L dGbflUg cflb ;d:of lg/fs/0f x'g]ub{5 . t/ a9L kf]ifs tTj kfpg :ofpnfO{ /fd|/L wf]P/ af]qmf ;lxt g} vfg'k5{ .

s]/fM– s]/fdf kf]6fl;od / /]zf cflb kf]ifs tTj a9L kfOG5 . o;sf] lgoldt ;]jgaf6 pRr /Qmrfk, d'6'sf] w8\sg aGb x'g], d'6' kf]Ng], ckr cflb /f]u lgjf/0f x'G5 . s]/fdf k|z:t kf]6fl;od x'g] ePsf]n] o;n] pRr /Qmrfk lgoGq0f dfq ub}{g d'6'sf] /f]u / dl:tis tyf lbnsf]:6«f]saf6 klg arfpF5 . t/ s]/f w]/} kfs]/ un]sf] x'g'x'Fb}g .

aGbuf]eLM– o;df le6fSof/f]l6g, le6fldg ;L, ;Nkmf]/fkm]g, O08f]n–#, sflj{gf]n, a|fl;ldg / sf]n]6 cflb kf]ifs tTj a9L kfOG5 . o;sf] lgoldt ;]jgaf6 SofG;/, pRr /Qmrfk, d'6'sf] w8\sg aGb x'g] cflb /f]u lgjf/0f ug{df ;xof]u k'¥ofpF5 . t/ sfFrf] aGbuf]eLdf a9L kf]ifs tTj x'g] ePsf]n] sfFr} vfg] u/L k|of]u ug{ /Fd|f] x'G5 . aGbuf]eLn] lbdfu / l/7sf] x8\8L ;DaGwL hGdhft u8a9L klg 7Ls x'G5 .

v/a'hfM– o; kmndf le6fldg ;L, le6fSof/f]l6g, kf]6fl;od cflb kf]ifs tTj a9L x'G5 . o; kmnsf] lgoldt ;]jgaf6 SofG;/, d'6'sf] /f]u, df]tL laGb' / pRr /Qmrfk cflb ;d:of x6fpg ;xof]u k'¥ofpF5 .

ufh/M– ufh/df le6fSof/f]l6g, cNkmf Sof/f]l6g, /]zf cflb kf]ifs tTj a9L kfOG5 . ufh/sf] lgoldt ;]jgaf6 d'6'sf] /f]u, SofG;/, /tGwf], Dofs'n/ l8h]g/]zg jf Dofs'nf If/0f cflb -j[4fj:yfdf x'g] b[li6 zlQmsf] sdL_ ;d:of lg/fs/0f ug{ ;lsG5 . t/ ufh/ vfFbf sfFrf] jf xNsf ksfP/ dfq vfg' kb{5 . a9L ksfP/ vfFbf kf]ifs tTj gi6 x'gk'Ub5 .

n;'g M– o;df Plnl;g, P;–Plnnl;li6g, 8foflnn 6«fO;NkmfO8, 8foflnn 8fo;NkmfO8 cflb kf]ifs tTj a9L kfOG5 . n;'gsf] lgoldt ;]jgn] pRr sf]n]:6«f]n, pRr /Qmrfk, d'6'sf] /f]u, :6f]s, SofG;/, OGkm]Szg, xfOk/UnfO{ l;lkof, bd cflb ;d:of x6fpg ;xof]u k'¥ofpF5 . t/ n;'gsf] k|of]u ;–;fgf] 6'qmf agfP/ sf6]/ jf lk;]/ ug'{kb{5 . o;f] ubf{ p;df Pp6f To:tf] /f;folgs k|lqmof x'G5, h;sf] sf/0f Ps of}lus ld>0f k}bf eO{ :jf:Yosf] nflu a9L kmfObf sf/s aGb5 .

c+u'/sf] /;M– c+u'/sf] /;df ˆn]jf] gfO8\; kf]6fl;od cflb kf]ifs tTj a9L x'G5 . c+u'/sf] /;sf] lgoldt ;]jg ugf{n] pRr sf]n]:6«f]n, d'6'sf] /f]u, pRr /Qmrfk, x[bof3ft cflb ;d:ofaf6 5'6sf/f kfpg ;lsG5 . o;n] /utnfO{ hDg glbg] ePsf]n] wdgL ;DaGwL ;d:ofnfO{ klg lg/fs/0f ug{ ;xof]u k'¥ofpF5 .

h}t'gsf] t]nM– o; t]ndf P06L clS;8]06; le6fldg O{, kf]lnkm]gfN;, df]gf] cg;]Ro'/]6]8 ˆof/; cflb kf]ifs tTj x'G5 . o;n] pRr sf]n]:6«f]n, d'6'sf] /f]u, :tg SofG;/ cflb /f]u lg/fs/0f ub{5 .

KofhM– o;df So'/;]l6g gfds P06L clS;8]06 ;Nkm/ sDkfp08 cflb kf]ifs tTj x'G5 . o;sf] lgoldt ;]jgaf6 pRr sf]n]:6«f]n, d'6'sf] /f]u, pRr /Qmrfk, SofG;/ / bd cflb /f]udf kmfObf ub{5 . t/ Kofhaf6 a9L kf]ifs tTj kfpg o;nfO{ sfFr} vfg'kb{5 .

;'GtnfM– ;'Gtnfdf le6fldg ;L, x]:k]l6l8g, lndf]lgg ˆNofaf]gfO8\;, /]zf cflb kf]ifs tTj a9L x'G5 . o;sf] lgoldt ;]jgaf6 xfOsf]n]:6f]/f]n cfGtl/s sf]ifx¿sf] u8a9L, df]6f]kg, OGkm]S;g, ODo'gl;i6dsf] sdhf]/L d'6'sf] /f]u, SofG;/ cflb ;d:ofaf6 5'6sf/f kfpg ;lsG5 . t/ ;'Gtnf l5Nsf ;lxt} vfg'kb{5 . o;}df a9L kf]ifs tTj x'G5 .

ztfj/LM– ztfj/Ldf Un'6flydf]g, le6fldg O{, kmf]lns Pl;8 cflb kf]ifs tTj x'G5 . o;sf] k|of]uaf6 k}bfo;L u8a9L, d'6'sf] /f]u, SofG;/, dw'd]x cflb ;d:ofaf6 5'6sf/f kfpg ;lsG5 .

hf}M– hf}df le6fldg O{, ;]n]lgod, lnUg+; cflb kf]ifs tTj kfOG5 . hf}sf] ;]jgaf6 pRr sf]n]:6«]/f]n lbnsf] la/fdL, SofG;/, slAhot cflb /f]uaf6 5'6\sf/f kfpg ;xof]u kfOG5 . tLg efu uxF'sf] lk7f]df Ps efu hf}sf] lk7f] ldnfP/ k|of]u u/] /fd|f] x'G5 .

k|:t'lt M t'n;L l/dfn

x'nfs l6s6 Ps hfgsf/L cg]s

x'nfs l6s6 ;+rf/sf] dxTjk"0f{ ;fwg dflgG5 . vf; u/L ljZj x'nfs ;+3sf] :yfkgf kl5 ljZjel/ x'nfs l6s6sf] dfWodaf6 ljZjsf] Pp6f s'gfaf6 csf]{ s'gfdf cfkm"nfO{ dg nfu]sf] ;dfg / ;Gb]z k7fpg ;/n / ;xh ePsf] b]lvG5 . oxfF o;} x'nfs l6s6 ;DaGwL s]xL /f]rs hfgsf/L k|:t't 5 .

x'nfs l6s6sf] Oltsf;M– ljZjdf x'nfs l6s6sf] Oltxf; lgs} k'/fgf] 5 . ef/tdf ;g\ !*%$ b]lv x'nfs l6s6 k|sfzgsf] o'u z'? ePsf] b]lvG5 eg] g]kfndf lj=;+= !(#* b]lv x'nfs l6s6 k|sfzg x'g yfn]sf] b]lvG5 . t/ ljZjdf Tof] eGbf w]/} cl3b]lv g} x'nfs l6s6 k|sflzt x'Fb} cfPsf] kfOG5 .

x'nfs l6s6sf] k|sf/M– x'nfs l6s6sf] k|sf/ klg TolQs} Jofks b]lvG5 . ljZjdf x/]s b]zn] cf–cfˆgf] b]zsf] wd{–;+:s[lt, snf, dxfk'?ifx¿, slj, n]vs, /fli6«o lje"lt, kz'kIfL, km"n, kmn, j[If, jg:klt, v]ns'b, g]tf, /fi6«fWoIf, ;/sf/k|d'v, j}1flgsx¿, em08f, bfz{lgsx¿, of]hgfx¿, snfsf/, lxdfno, /fi6«;+3, afnlbj;, cGtl/If ofg, k/df0f' sfo{qmd cflb dxTjk"0f{ kIfx¿nfO{ ;d]6]/ x'nfs l6s6 k|sfzg ub}{ cfPsf] kfOG5 .

x'nfs l6s6 ;+sng M– ljZjdf k|foM ;a} dflg;sf] s]xL g s]xL ?lr / ;f]v x'G5 . o;df x'nfs l6s6 ;+sng ug]{ ?lr / ;f]vnfO{ ;j{>]i7 ?lr / ;f]v dflgG5 . ljZjdf 7"nf–7"nf JolQm / ljlzi6 dxfk'?if;Dddf x'nfs l6s6 ;+sng ug]{ ;f]v /x]sf] kfOG5 . hh{kGrd / 5}6f}+b]lv dxf/fgL Plnhfj]y;Dd / ?dflgofsf tTsfnLg ;d|f6 Sof/f]n]b]lv ld>sf ;d|f6 sf:s;Dd . To:t} cd]l/sfsf k"j{ /fi6«klt ?hj]N6, Ujflno/sf k"j{ dxf/fh lhofhL/fj l;lGwof, gjfj jxfnj/k'/, ;]gfklt hg/n s] Pd sl/cKkf cflb ljlzi6 JolQmx¿df ;d]t x'nfs l6s6 ;+sng ug]{ ;f]v /x]sf] kfOG5 .

x'nfs l6s6 ;+sngsf] kmfObf M– x'nfs l6s6 ;+sngaf6 cfly{s kmfObf dfq x'Fb}g ;+sngstf{ o;}sf] dfWodaf6 ljZj;+3;Dd cfˆgf] gftf hf]8\g;d]t ;kmn x'g] u/]sf] b]lvPsf] 5 . pgLx¿ o;}sf] dfWodaf6 ljleGg b]zsf] e"uf]n, Oltxf;, snf, wd{, ;+:s[lt, ;Eotf, efiff, e"iff, lj1fg, jftfj/0f, kz'kIfL, jg:klt, /fhgLlt / dxfk'?ifsf] hfgsf/L kfpg / c¿nfO{ lbg ;d]t ;kmn x'g] ub{5 .

cfly{s kmfObfM– o;af6 x'g] cfly{s kmfObf klg TolQs} /x]sf] b]lvG5 . la|l6; u'ogfsf] ;g\ !*%^ df 5flkPsf] ci6sf]0f cfs[ltsf] Ps ;]06sf] l6s6 ;g\ !(*! df Go"of]s{df lnnfdL x'Fbf ;+sngstf{n] gf}nfv #% xhf/ o" o; 8n/ kfPsf lyP . h;nfO{ ;+;f/ el/s} b'n{e l6s6 dflgG5 . o;nfO{ lgnfdLsf] nflu k|bz{gdf NofpFbf l;;fsf] afS;fleq /fv]/ s8f ;'/Iffsf] ;fy NofOPsf] lyof] .

csf]{ b'n{e l6s6 !*$& df 5flkPsf] Ps k]G;sf] dfl/;;sf] l6s6 dflgG5 . o;nfO{ ;+sngstf{af6 xfj8{ gfds Jofkf/Ln] ;j{k|yd %) kf}08df lsg]sf lyP . t/ ;f] l6s6 qmdzM laqmL x'Fb} uP/ clGtd k6s !*^* df laqmL x'Fbf s/La $) nfv ?lkofFdf laqmL ePsf] lyof] . xfn o; l6s6sf] d"No Ps s/f]8eGbf a9L ePsf] atfOPsf] 5 . To:t} O+uNof08sf] Ps k]gLsf] !*$! df 5flkPsf] v}/f] /+usf] l6s6sf] d"No Tolta]nf s/La ;f9] tLg xhf/ kf}08 /x]sf] lyof] . To;}u/L ef/tn] !*%$ df hfl/u/]sf] rf/ cfgfsf] Ps l6s6sf] d"No xfn s/La % nfv ?lkofF /x]sf] kfOPsf] 5 .

/fh:jsf] dxTjk"0f{ ;|f]t M– x'nfs l6s6nfO{ x/]s b]zsf] /fh:jsf] dxTjk"0f{ ;|f]t dflgG5 . xfn ljZjdf k|ltjif{ s/La @) xhf/ k|lt x'nfs l6s6 k|sflzt x'g] ub{5g\ . hf] ljleGg d"Nosf] x'g] ub{5 . ;+o'Qm /fi6«;+3n] klg ;do ;dodf x'nfs l6s6 k|sflzt ug]{ u/]sf] kfOPsf] 5 . ;g\ !(&! df o;} x'nfs l6s6 laqmLaf6 cfPsf] /sdaf6 a+unfb]zdf cfPsf s/La Ps s/f]8 z/0ffyL{x¿df ;xof]u k'¥ofPsf] lyof] . To;}u/L ljZjdf ;do ;dodf :jf:Yo ;xfotf l6s6 k|sfzg u/]/ Ifo/f]uLx¿sf] pkrf/sf] nflu sf]if v8f ug]{ u/]sf] klg kfOPsf] 5 .

wfld{s ;dGjoM– x'nfs l6s6af6 wfld{s ;dGjo ug]{ k|of; klg plQs} ePsf] kfOG5 . g]kfnn] lzj, lji0f', /fd / ljleGg dlGb/sf] cfs[ltsf] cfs[lt / a'4sf] cfs[ltdf x'nfs l6s6 k|sfzg u/]sf] 5 eg] odgn] /fd, nId0f, ;Ltf cflbsf] cfs[lt c+lst l6s6, cGo s]xL d'lZnd b]zn] /fwfs[i0f, u'ofgfn] /fwfs[i0f / xf]nLsf] lkrsf/L c+lst l6s6, hfkfgn] s[i0fn] af;'/L ahfPsf] lrGx c+lst l6s6, >Ln+sfn] u0f]zn] g[To u/]sf] cfs[lt c+lst l6s6, O08f]g]l;ofn] h6fo', xg'dfg, ljleif0f, /fd ;Ltfsf] cfs[lt c+ls6 l6s6 k|sflzt u/]sf] kfOG5 . To;}u/L o:t} cfs[ltsf] l6s6 nfcf];, l;+ufk'/, s+jf]l8of, yfONof08, O08f] rLg cflb d'n'sn] klg k|sflzt u/]sf] kfOG5 .

k|:t'lt M– g/gfy ;fksf]6f

yfxf kfO{ /fvf}+

s]xL ljZj k|l;4 pkGof; tyf gf6ssf d'Vo kfq

ljZjk|l;4 k|d'v b/af/

b]a]|xftsf] k|of]u ug]{ k|l;4 JolQm

o; afx]s cGo k|l;4 JolQmx¿df h'lno; l;h/, hf]g ckm cfs{, rfN;{ DofUg], Pnfg 8]le8;g -v]8fnL_ Dof/f8f]gfn] klg b]a]|xfts} k|of]u ug]{ uy]{ .

– dL/f ;'j]bL

ljz]if 36gf la;{g lsg uf¥xf] k5{ <

cfˆgf] hLjgdf 36]sf] s'g} ljz]if lsl;dsf] 36gfsf] nfdf] ;do;Dd ;Demgf eO/xG5 . h'gs'/f] xfdL ;a}nfO{ yfxf 5 . cfˆgf] ljjfx, a|tjGw, kb–k|lti7f nfesf] kbk|flKt, kbf]Gglt cfˆg} ;Gtfgsf] hGd d[To' cflb dg 5'g] lsl;dsf ;a} 36gfx¿ xfdL hLjg ko{Gt la;{g ;Sb}gf}+ . h'gs'/f] e'Qm ef]uL ;a}n] cg'ej u/]s} x'g'kb{5 . t/ s] sf/0fn] xfdL o:tf 36gfx¿nfO{ la;{g ;Sb}gf}+ . cyf{t\ s] sf/0fn] o:tf 36gfx¿ nfdf];do;Dd xfd|f] dl:tisdf /lx/xG5 eGg] s'/f] eg] w]/}nfO{ yfxf gx'g;S5 . To;}n] oxfF o;} af/] hfgsf/L k|:t't 5 .

j}1flgsx¿sf cg';f/ o:tf 36gfx¿nfO{ ;w}+ tfhf agfpg] sfddf Ps vf; lsl;dsf] hLgsf] dxTjk"0f{ e"ldsf lgjf{x ub{5 . pgLx¿sf cg';f/ oxL hLgsf] sf/0f o:tf 36gfx¿sf k|efj ;kgfdf klg kb{5 . h;n] ubf{ xfdL ljz]if lsl;dsf] 36gfnfO{ ;kgfdf klg b]Vg] ub{5f}+ . Go" ;fOlG6:6 gfds Ps j}1flgs klqsfdf xfn} k|sflzt l/kf]6{ cg';f/ j}1flgsx¿n] d';fdf u/]sf cg';Gwfgaf6 ;f] hfgsf/L k|sfzdf NofPsf x'g\ . pgLx¿n] cg';Gwfgsf] qmddf h'g d';fn] dgf]/~hs Pj+ pQ]hs jftfj/0fdf lbg latfPsf lyP pgLx¿sf] ;'t]sf] a]nf To:t} lsl;dsf] vf; hLg ;lqmo ePsf] kfPsf lyP .

Go"of]s{ l;6L cd]l/sfsf] /skm]n/ ljZjljBfnosf zf]wstf{x¿n] o:tf 36gfx¿ ;w}+ tfhf /fVgdf h]8cfOPkm–@^* gfds hLgsf] dxTjk"0f{ e"ldsf x'G5 eg]sf 5g\ . pgLx¿n] o;sf] hfgsf/Lsf] nflu s]xL d';fx¿nfO{ b'O{ ;d"xdf ljefhg u/L Ps ;d"xnfO{ ;fdfGo jftfj/0fdf / csf]{ ;d"xnfO{ dgf]/~hs Pj+ pQ]hs jftfj/0fdf /fv]sflyP . pgLx¿n] pQm b'j} ;d"xsf] d';fx¿ ;'t]kl5 cg';Gwfg ubf{ h'g d';fn] p5ns'b ub}{ dgf]/~hs jftfj/0fdf lbg latfPsf lyP tL d';fx¿sf] /ftL ;'t]sf] a]nf klg h]8cfO{Pkm – @^* gfds hLg ;lqmo ePsf] kfPsf lyP .

vf]hL bnsf vf]hstf{ Snfpl8of] d]nf] eG5g\ –æ;f]xL lhgsf] sf/0f ;'t]sf] a]nf lbgdf 36]sf] 36gf tfhf x'G5 . To;df klg h'g h'g 36gf ljz]if lsl;dsf x'G5g\ cyf{t\ ljz]if lsl;dn] 36]sf 5g\ . tL tL 36gfdf pm a9L s]lGb|t x'G5 cyf{t\ tL tL 36gfnfO{ a9L v]nfpg] ub{5 . To;}n] ubf{ g} o:tf 36gfx¿sf] ;+emgf nfdf] ;do;Dd /lx/xG5 .

k|:t'lt M w'|j ;fksf]6f

TolQ rrf{df gcfPsf s]xL hflt

dfemLM– yf? hflt;Fu ldNbf]h'Nbf] /x]sf] of] hfltsf dflg;x¿ k"jL{ t/fO / kxf8L If]qsf gbL lsgf/fdf a:b5g\ . df5f dfg'{, 8'+uf rnfpg' logLx¿sf] d'Vo k]zf xf] . eLd;]gnfO{ d'Vo b]jtf dfGg] of] hflt c;f/ dlxgfdf af/b]p k"hf Pj+ e"ldsf] k"hf ub{5g\ . hGd]sf] ^ lbgdf Gjf/g ul/G5 eg] ljjfxs} lbgdf b'nfxfsf] j|taGw klg u/fOG5 . logLx¿ cfkm"nfO{ …s';f/Ú s';sf ;Gtfgg} eGb5g\ eg] logsf] x/]s ;fdflhs sfo{df dfdfsf] ;jf{lws dxTj /xG5 .

Jof+;L M– ;'b"/ klZrdfGrnsf] bfr'{nfdf /x]sf Jof+;Lx¿ Jof; Clif / dxfb]jsf] k"hf ub{5g\ . logLx¿sf] d'Vo rf8 kmfNu'0f dlxgfdf kg]{ …wjnfÚ xf] eg] df3] ;+qmflGtdf £o" ltxf/ / j}zfv dlxgfdf kg]{ ljz' ltxf/ dgfpF5g\ . h'7L 5f]/Lsf] abfgL k"hf
-j|taGw_ ug]{ Jof;Lx¿ aRrf hGdbf Gjf/g u/fpF5g\ . logLx¿sf] d'Vo y/df af]xf]/f, nfnf, a'9fyf]sL cflb /x]sf 5g\ .

5Gt]n M– DofUbL / afUn'ª lhNnfdf /x]sf 5Gt]nx¿sf] /xg;xg, t]ltkflt / a;f]af; du/x¿;Fu ldNb5 . af]S;L, d;fg, e"tk]|tdf ljZjf; /fVg] 5Gt]nx¿sf] e"d], a/fx l;4 d'Vo b]jtf x'g\ . logLx¿ cfˆg} hfltdf ljjfx ub{5g\ . @@ lbgdf ;'Ts]/L rf]VofpF5g\ eg] dbf{ # lbg;Dd skfn vf}/]/ lqmof a:b5g\ . e"tk]|taf6 aRg ?b|fIfsf dfnf / ;k{sf] sf+8f 3fF6Ldf nufpg] rng 5 . logLx¿df emf+qmL k|yfsf] dxTj lgs} /x]sf] kfOG5 .

kfFr ufpFn] M– x]bf{ ysfnL h:t} b]lvg] of] hfltsf] d'Vo a;f]af; d':tfª lhNnfsf] hf]d;f]d, l7dL, :ofªu dfkmf{, lrgfª / 5f}/f] gfds kfFr ufpF /x]sf] 5 . To;}n] logLx¿nfO{ kfFr ufpFn]
-k'g]n_ elgPsf] 5 . logLx¿ dfdfr]nf / km"k'r]nf aLr ljjfx ug]{ rng 5 . v]tLkftL / ;fdfGo Jofkf/ logLx¿sf] d'Vo k]zf xf] .

af¥x ufpFn] M– d':tfªsf] Nxf] eGHofªb]lv blIf0fsf] If]qnfO{ af¥x ufpF / ToxfF /x]sf dflg;x¿nfO{ af¥x ufpFn] elgG5 . logLx¿sf] d'Vo kj{ efb| k"l0f{dfsf] lbg kg]{ …oft'{ªÚ xf] . of] hfltdf ax'klt k|yf kfOG5 . h]7f]sf] dfq ljjfx x'G5 / pm gx'l§P;Dd efpHo"dfly b]j/sf] clwsf/ /xG5 bfh' x'l§Pkl5 xs nfUb}g .

xfo"M– /fd]5fk / l;Gw'nLsf] s]xL ;Lldt efudf dfq /x]sf xfo" hfltx¿ ls/fFtLsf] Ps ;Gtlt dflgG5g\ . s[lif nufot logLx¿ lzsf/ ug]{ df5f dfg]{ cfˆgf] d'Vo k]zf c+ufNb5g\ . h]kmd\ yfss'ªsf] l;Gof], afn'ª / sdn]:5f] xfo" hfltsf] $ j6f y/ 5g\ . b]jL k"hf logLx¿sf] ;a}eGbf 7"nf] rf8 xf] . o; rf8 hf]/ jif{df kmfu'g / ljhf]/ jif{df df3df kb{5 . of] hfltsf] cfˆgf] efiff eP klg Tof] Tolt af]nrfndf cfpFb}g .

/fhLM– bfª b]pv'/Ldf d'Vo¿kdf a;f]af; ub}{ cfPsf /fhLx¿ blIf0f klZrd g]kfnsf] cGoq klg s]xL dfqfdf 5l/P/ /x]sf 5g\ . /fp6]x¿ h:t} 3'dGt] oL hfltn] clxn] eg] u[x:yL hLjg z'? u/]sf] kfOG5 . logLx¿sf] d'Vo k]zf v]tLkftL, kz'kfng, lzsf/ v]Ng], df5f dfg]{, 8'ªf rnfpg] g} /x]sf] 5 . dfdfsL 5f]/L / efph'sL alxgL;Fu ljjfx ug{ ?rfpg] of] hfltdf ;JxL ljjfx a9L k|rlnt ePsf] b]lvG5 .

emf+u8M– g]kfnsf] k;f{b]lv df]/ª;Ddsf] t/fO If]qsf] cflbjf;L emf+u8x¿ d'Vo ¿kdf v]tLkftL, kz'kfng / dhb'/L ub{5g\ . logLx¿n] af]Ng] efiff 8«la8 efiff ;d"xleq kb{5 . logLx¿ cfˆgf ;fgfltgf emu8f dfOhg / 7"nf emu8f d'Vo dfOhgåf/f ldnfpF5g\ . ljjfx ubf{ s]6L dfUg] / kl5 vf]h]/ NofO s]6fnfO{ lhDdf nufOG5 . emf+u8x¿ kmfNu'0fdf b'uf{ k"hf, ebf} k"l0f{dfdf …sd{wd{Ú k"hf / c;f]hdf gofF rfdn r9fP/ sfln k"hf ub{5g\ . lj:t[t cg';Gwfg eg] x'g afFsL g} 5 .

sf]r]M– k"jL{ g]kfnsf] emfkf df]/ª, nufot ;tnh;Dd sf]r] hfltsf dflg;x¿ a;f]af; u/]sf] kfOG5 . dft[;tfTds ;dfh /x]sf] of] hfltdf :qLx¿sf] ;Ddfg /x]sf] b]lvG5 . k|s[ltsf] k"hf ug]{ / ljleGg 7fs'/x¿nfO{ cf/fWo b]jtfsf] ¿kdf dfGg] sf]r]x¿sf] k|d'v k]zf g} s[lif dhb'/L ug'{ xf] .

k|:t'lt M ¿kf kGt

| cfj/0f kl/ro || j}1flgs JolQmTj || k|]/s k|;ª\u || vf]h÷ljz]if || d'Qms |
| hfgsf/L || ;DkfbsLo || zf:q || jftfj/0f || Pltxfl;s JolQmTj || jfo'd08n || hLj hGt' |
| cfly{s || ljrf/ || :yfg kl/ro || ;f}Gbo{ || hLjg bz{g || v]ns'b || lj1fg k|ljlw || clGtd kftf]] || Home