Yuwamanch6 (Yuwamanch Monthly)

;'vL hLjgsf] nflu s:tf] vfgkfg <

dflg;n] vfgkfgsf] dxTjaf/] w]/} s'/f ghfGbf ljleGg kL8f ef]u]/ ;'vdo hLjgaf6 6f9f x'g' kb{5 . dflg; afXo ;DklQn] hlt g} ;DkGg eP klg z/L/ :j:y ePg eg] hLjg b'Mvdo aGb5 . To;}n] oxfF :jf:Yo hLjgsf] nflu s:tf] vfgkfgsf] cfjZostf kb{5 eGg] ;DaGwL hfgsf/L k|:t't 5 .

:j:y hLjgsf] nflu ;Gt'lnt vfgkfg x'g'kb{5 . o:tf] vfgkfgaf6 z/L/ :j:y dfq x'Fb}g dgsf] z'4tf klg a9\b5 . km"lt{, t]h, an klgk|fKt x'G5 . o;}n] o:tf] dxTjk"0f{ ;Gt'lnt vfgkfgnfO{ k|To]s JolQmn] ;fg} pd]/b]lv hfGg'kg]{ b]lvG5 . ;Gt'lnt vfgkfgsf] nflu klxnf] hfGg' kg]{ s'/fdf cGgsf] z'4tf xf] . vfg] kbfy{x¿df ljleGg ld;fj6x¿ x'g ;S5 . To:tf] ld;fj6af6 d'Qm x'g'k5{ . o;kl5 ;kmfOdf k"/f Wofg lbg' kb{5 . o;qmddf vfB /+u OToflbaf6 klg z'4tf x'g' clxn]sf] ;Gbe{df clt dxTjk"0f{ 5 . cGgnfO{ ksfpFbf klg z'4tf x'g'kb{5 eg] ksfpg' cl3 /fv]sf] efF8f] / kfls;s]kl5 /fVg] yfn klg z'4 x'g' kg]{ x'G5 . vfhf vfFbf j:q km]g{ klg la;{g x'Fb}g .

kljq sdfO{sf] cGgn] ;bfrf/sf] ljsf; x'G5 eg] ckljq sdfOsf] cggn] dgdf ljs[lt k}bf eO{ cfr/0fdf ljs[lt b]vfk5{ / kl/0ffd eo°/ klg x'g;S5 . dgdf z'4tf Nofpg xfdLn] sfdsf] If]q jf sdfO{df Wofg lbg' kb{5 . kljq dflgPsf] vfgkfgdf klg dfqfsf] ljz]if dxTj /xG5 . lsgeg] JolQmsf] IfdtfeGbf a9L dfqfdf vfgfn] vfg] JolQmnfO{ ckr x'G5 . emf8f kvfnf, cfpF, k]6 b'Vg], 5ftL b'Vg], pN6L OToflbaf6 ;tfpg] ub{5 . To;}u/L cfjZos dfqfdf vgf gk'u]df z/L/nfO{ cfjZos kg]{ tfut tTjsf] sldn] cfFvf, sfg sdhf]/, /utsf] sdL cflbn] z/L/nfO{ rflxg] tfutsf] sdL eO{ z/L/ lga{n x'G5 / lx+88'n ug{ g;Sg] klg x'g k'luG5 . zf/Ll/s sdhf]/sf] sf/0f ljleGg /f]un] rfF8} ;dfpg ;Sg] ;Defjgf klg 5 .

vfgkfgsf] ljifodf lgoldt ;do lgwf{l/t ug'{k5{ . vfgf vfgnfO{ hyfefjL;Fu h'g;'s} 7fpFdf a;]/ vfg] ug'{ klg x'Fb}g . lglZrt tf]lsPsf] :yfgdf a;]/ vfgf vfgfn] z/L/nfO{ kfrg k|lqmof rnfpg ;lhnf] x'G5 . p7L–p7L vfg] lx+8\bf–lx+8\b} vfg], slxn] a:g], slxn] p7\g] u/L vfg] ugf{n] z/L/sf] kfrg k|lqmofdf afwf k'U5 / /f]u nfU5 . ljz]if u/L cfˆgf] 3/df dfq vfg] afgL u/]df w]/} xb;Dd /f]uaf6 aRg ;lsG5 . k/b]z nf]Ug]n] vfgkfgsf] ljifodf ljz]if Wofg k'¥ofO vfg' kg]{ x'G5 .

ckl/lrt JolQmn] lbPsf] vfgf ljZjf; u/]/vfg' x'Fb}g . lj:s'6, kmnkm"nsf] /; cflbdf klg ljiffn' cf}ifwL ld;fPsf] vfO 7luPsf w]/} 5g\ . ;s];Dd a|t cflbsf] lbgdf vfgfdf k/x]h ug'{ /fd|f] x'G5 . cf}ifwL vfO/x]sf] la/fdL cj:yfdf lrlsT;ssf] k/fdz{ cg';f/ /f]usf] k|s[lt x]/L vfg'k5{ .

k|To]s lbg z'4 kljq vfgf vfg] cEof;n] ;flTjs vfgfdf ?l4 a9\5 . kljq ljrf/x¿n] ;bfrf/, ;b\Jojxf/ / ;Tsd{ tkm{ pGd'v u/fO eujt elQm j[l4 u/fpFb5 . kmn:j¿k lg/f]uL hLjg Joltt ug]{ df}sf kfP/ cfgGb dg t'NofpF5 / hLjg ;'vdo x'G5 .

– dl0fs[i0f >]i7

lrofsf] xflgsf/s kIf klg plQs} 5

xfd|f] c¿ cfjZostfnfO{ s6f}tL u/]/ klg lrofsf] pkef]u ul//x]sf 5f}+ . ldq :jhg kfx'gfsf] :jfutdf ;j{k|yd xfdL lrofnfO{ k|of]u ug]{ ub{5f}+ . t/ lrof slt 3fts 5 eGg] s'/f] eg] la;{g] ub{5f}+ . To;}n] oxfF o;} af/] hfgf}+ .

c?lr, 6fpsf] b'Vg], slAhot, lk;fadf o"l/s Pl;8sf] j[l4, d'qfzosf] sdhf]/L, x[bo sdhf]/, :d/0f zlQm IfL0f, alx/f]kg nufot dl:tissf] cg]s /f]u lrofn] la:tf/} a9fpFb} nu]sf] x'G5 . lrofn] xfdLnfO{ Ps};fy !! lsl;dsf] ljif lknfO{ /x]sf] x'G5 . h'g lgDg 5g\ .

6]lgg M lrofdf of] ljif !* k|ltzt x'G5 . o;sf] k|efjn] ef]hg k|0ffnL k|efljt x'G5 . h;n] ubf{ vfPsf] j:t'x¿ kRg kfpFb}g . o;n] kfrg zlQmnfO{ sdhf]/ agfOlbG5 . k]6df UofF; k}bf ul/lbG5 . 6]lggsf] k|efjn] vfgfdf k|fKt kmnfd c3'nglzn x'g hfG5 / /utdf xf]df]Unf]lag klg 36\g hfG5 .

Soflkmg M lrofdf of] ljif @=&%Ü x'G5 . o;sf] k|efjn] pRr /Qmrfk, lz/bb{, b[i6L Ifdtf, :d/0fzlQm x«f;, skfn ;]tf] x'g] cflb /f]u a9fpF5 . Soflkmgn] z/L/df cfjZos le6fldg aLnfO{ cefj ul/lbG5 .

yLg M of] lrofdf # b]lv ^ k|ltzt;Dd /xG5 . o;n] kmf]S;f] tyf dl:tisdf k|lts"n k|efj kfb{5 .

k]l/gM– o;n] 6]lggn] h:t} kfrg lqmofnfO{ sdhf]/ kfl/lbG5 .

af]n]6fOg cfOn M– o;n] lgb|f x/fP/ cfFvf ;DaGwL cg]s /f]usf] hGd lbG5 .

;fOgf]h]n tyf & l:6«s cfOn M– oL b'O{ ljifsf] k|efjn] rSs/ nfUg', /ut b"lift x'g' cflb x'G5 . Tjrf /f]u, aLo{ bf]if cflb cg]s /f]u nfUg ;S5 .

P/f]d]lns cfOn M– o;n] cfFtdf hng a9fOlbG5 .

cfSh]lns Pl;8 M– of] Ps k|sf/sf] t]hfj xf], hf] ljleGg vfgfaf6 z/L/df pTkGg x'G5 / kl;gfsf] dfWodaf6 aflx/ lg:sG5 . hlt cSh]lns Pl;8 xfd|f] z/L/df /xG5 To;sf] rf/ u'0ff Ps sk lrofdf /x]sf] x'G5 .

sfaf]{lns Pl;8M– lrof lkpFbf of] t]hfa UofF;sf]¿kdf k}bf x'G5 . o;n] hjfgL zlQm x/0f u/]/ rfF8} g} a"9f] agfOlbG5 .

;fOgfO8M– of] ljifn] klg xfd|f] hLjg zlQmnfO{ sdhf]/ kfl/lbG5 .

lrofsf] af/]df s]xL ljlzi6 lrlsT;s tyf 8fS6/x¿sf] egfO{ lgDgfg';f/ 5g\ M–

8f= x]u Pd=8L=M– æd}n] lrofnfO{ ;+;f/sf ljiffn' rLhx¿sf] ;"lrdf ;a}eGbf dfly /fVg] u/]sf] 5' .Æ

8f= cf]=8L= g]8M– ælrof /S;LeGbf klg a9L xflgsf/s 5 .Æ

8f= lv;{ -slDa|h o'lgel;{6L_M ælrof lkpFbf ysfj6 d]6fpFb}g a? a9fpF5 .Æ

8f= Jnfs+– æ lrofaf6 ef]s x/fP/ hfG5, sAh, l;/df rSs/ / d'5f{sf] cfqmd0f k|f/De x'G5 .Æ

8f= d]8n – ælrof lkpgfn] lk;fadf o"l/s Pl;8 b'O{ u'gf a9L x'g hfG5 .Æ

8f= Pdd08 –ælrofn] clgb|f a9\5 . :d/0f zlQm gi6 x'G5 . tyf d"qf;osf] d"qwf/0f ug]{ zlQm sfd x'Fb} hfG5 .Æ

– 1fg s]=;L= …a+w'Ú

OnfOrLsf] dxTj a'emf}+

OnfOrL xfd|f] ufpF 3/df d;nfsf]¿kdf k|of]u x'g] Ps k|d'v j:t' xf] . 3/df cfPsf kfx'gfx¿sf] :jfut ug{df o;n] 7"nf] e"ldsf v]n]sf] x'G5 . of] ;'ulGwt / dgdf]xs x'gfsf] ;fy} o;n] xfd|f] :jf:YonfO{ klg kmfObf ub{5 . jg:klt zf:qdf o;nfO{ …Pn]6fl/of sf8f{df]dÚ sf] gfdn] lrlgG5 .

o;sf] af]6 ;bfjxf/ x'G5 . o;sf] prfO !=@) dL6/b]lv !=&) dL6/;Ddsf] x'G5 . of] lqsf]0fLo d"nf cfsf/b]lv lnP/ c08f cfsf/;Ddsf] x'G5 . of] kmnsf] leq !% b]lv @) j6f dl;gf] lap x'G5 . of] 7"nf] / ;fgf] u/L b'O{ k|sf/sf] x'G5 . 7"nf]vfn] OnfOrL >Ln+sfdf a9L plAhG5 eg] ;fgf] vfn] OnfOrL ef/tdf a9L plAhG5 .

OnfOrLnfO{ s]jn xfdL d;nfsf]¿kdf dfq k|of]u ub}{gf}+ ls o;af6 t]nsf] pTkfbg klg ub{5f}+ . o;sf] cf}ifwLo u'0fx¿ klg w]/} 5g\ . o;af6 ax'd"No cf}ifwLo t]n klg pTkfbg x'G5 . of] Ps skmgfzs, jfo'gfzs kmn xf] . o;n] b'u{GwnfO{ klg eufpF5 . @) tf]nf OnfOrLaf6 Ps tf]nf kx]+nf] /+usf] t]n pTkfbg x'G5 . o;sf] Pp6f kmndf @) k|ltzt t/n kbfy{, @)=! k|ltzt sfaf]{xfO8]«6, $!=! k|ltzt Sofnl;od, !=# k|ltzt p8gzLn t]n, @ b]lv * k|ltzt kf]6fl;od nj0f, @=@ k|ltzt :6fr{ / s]xL dfqfdf cfO/g, DofUg]l;od / kmf]:kmf]/; klg x'G5 .

o;sf] k|of]u tyf pTkfbgsf] Oltxf; kN6fP/ x]bf{ ;of}+ jif{ klxn] of] h+unL emf8Lsf]¿kdf x'GYof] . kl5 o;nfO{ k|of]u ug{ hfg]/ v]tjf/Ldf klg nufpg yfn] . of] k'; dlxgfb]lv km'Ng yfN5 / & b]lv * dlxgf;Dd dw'df; /xG5 . o;sf] km"n ;]tf] /+usf] x'G5 . o;sf] kmn (–!) dlxgfkl5 tof/ x'G5 . o;sf] Pp6f af]6df !*)) b]lv @))) ;Dd kmn nfUb5 .

o;sf] pkof]u ;j{k|yd ld>df #%)) jif{ klxn] ePsf] lyof] . /f]d / o'gfgsf] k|frLg ;flxTodf o;sf] pNn]v u/]sf] 5 . cfo'j]{bdf o;sf] dxTjsf] Jofks j0f{g ul/Psf] 5 .

k|:t'lt M aGbgf e08f/L

b'Anf]kg x6fpg] ;/n tl/sf

k|foM dflg; b''Anfpg] rfxgf ub{5g\ . t/ s]jn b'Anfpg' dfq ;'Gb/tfsf] dfkb08 eg] xf]Og . To;sf] ;fydf z/L/ ;'ul7t / :j:Yo x'g klg plQs} h?/L 5 . cfhsfnsf s]6Lx¿ b'Anf] x'g] /x/df cfˆgf] vfgfkfgdf sdL ug{ yfn]sf 5g\ . o; sdLsf] sf/0f z/L/sf] lglDt cfjZos kf}li6s tTjx¿ o;/L sdL x'g k'U5g\ ls h;n] ubf{ z/L/sf] ;xL ljsf; x'gdf /f]sfj6 cfpF5 . h'g pd]/df s]6Lx¿sf] z/L/ ;'Gb/ x'g'kg]{ xf] To; pd]/df c:jfefljs¿kdf pgLx¿ sdhf]/ b]lvG5g\ . z/L/sf x8\8L g} b]lvg] u/L ufnf vfN8f] kb{5 . cfFvf ufl9G5 . cfFvfd'lg sfnf] b]lvG5 . To;}n] z/L/ df]6f] gxf];\ t/ ;'ul7t x'g' h?/L 5 . olb tkfO{ klg lgs} b'Anf], kftnf] / sdhf]/ x'g'x'G5 eg] ;j{k|yd b'Jnf] x'g'sf] sf/0f kQf nufpg'xf];\ / To;nfO{ lgjf/0f u/L ;'Gb/ z/L/sf] wgL aGg'xf];\ .

dflg; b'Anf] s'g} Psdfq sf/0fn] x'g] ub}{gg\ . o;sf ljleGg sf/0fx¿ x'g ;S5g\ . afa' cfdf dWo] s'g} Ps j+zfg'ut¿kd} b'Anf / kftnf 5g\ eg] klg pgLx¿sf ;Gtfg s'g} g s'g}¿kdf b'Anf / kftnf x'G5g\ . o:tf] cj:yfdf s'g}klg tl/sfaf6 pkrf/ ;Dej xF'b}g . o; afx]s kof{Kt kf}li6s ef]hgsf] cefjdf / ;fdYo{eGbf a9L kl/>d ug]{ ubf{ klg s'g} JolQm b'Anf] / kftnf] x'g] ub{5 . o:tf dflg; k"0f{ :j:Yo e} x[i7k'i7 x'gaf6 jl~rt x'g'sf] ;fy} pgLx¿nfO{ w]/} /f]ux¿n] ;d]t ;tfpg] ub{5 .

b'Anf]kgaf6 d'lQm x'g] pkfo

lgb|fn] klg dflg;sf] z/L/df w]/} c;/ kf/]sf] x'G5 . h'g dfG5]df /fd|f] lgb|f kb}{g Tof] JolQm :j:Yo x'Fb}g . To;}n] /fd|f] lgb|f, ;'Tg] ;do ldn]sf] v08df lbpF;f] s]xLa]/ ;'Tg] u/]df b'Anf]kgaf6 d'lQm kfpg ;lsG5 .

Jofofd klg dflg;nfO{ :j:Yo / lg/f]uL agfpg] csf]{ pkfo xf] . gyflsg] u/L lgoldt Jofofd ug]{ ugf{n] klg b'Anf]kgaf6 d'lQm kfpg ;lsG5 .

s'g}klg ef]hg a9L ePsf] v08df o;n] :jf:YonfO{ gsf/fTds c;/ ug]{ x'G5 . To;}n] lgoldt ;Gt'lnt Pj+ kf}li6s ef]hg ugf{n] b'Anf]kgfaf6 d'Qm x'g ;lsG5 .

w]/} ef]sfPsf]] ;dodf klg vfgf gvfO{ a:gfn] Uofl:6«s nufot cN;/ ;d]t e} xfd|f] :jf:Yodf gsf/fTds c;/ kg]{ ub{5 . To;}n] plrt ;do vfgfvfg] ug'{kb{5 . o;af6 b'Anf]kgfaf6 5'6sf/f kfpg ;lsG5 .

dflg;x¿sf] lbgrof{ ;w}h;f] Ps}gf;sf] x'Fb}g . sfdsf] af]emn] ubf{ lbSbf/L / lg/fzfn] :jf:Yodf cj/f]w Nofpg] ub{5 . ;fyL efO;+u dgf]/Ghg Pj+ xfF; 76[f ugf{n] dg k|;Gg x'G5 / :jf:Yodf gsf/fTds c;/ ug{ kfp+b}g .

;a} dflg;x¿sf] afgL Joxf]/f Ps}gf;sf] x'Fb}g . s'g} JolQmsf] afgL Joxf]/f 7'l:sg], emls{g] h:tf klg x'g] ub{5g\ . o:tf afgLx¿ :j:Yo z/L/sf] nflu pko'Qm x'Fb}g . To;}n] o:tf afgLx¿nfO{ lj:tf/} 5f]8\g ;s]df klg ;lhn} cfˆgf] z/L/nfO{ cfk"mn] eg]sf] h:t} kfg{ ;lsG5 .

k]6df s'g} lsl;dsf] slAhot jf ckr 5 eg] ;dod} pkrf/ ug'{kb{5 . w]/} ;do;Dd pkrf/ gu/]df z/L/Ls l:yltnfO{ g/fd|f] c;/ kb{5 / z/L/ b'Anfp+b} hfG5 . lj/fdL eP kZrft b'AnfOPsf] 5 eg] 8fS6/sf] ;Nnfx cg';f/ le6fdLg ;]jg ug]{ ug'{kb{5 .

lbgsf] Psk6s s]xL ;do -laxfg / a]n'sL kv_ v'Nnf xfjfdf 3'Dg] . hlt ;lsG5 ;'4 kfgL -pdfn]/ ;]nfPsf]_ lkpFg] . z/L/df cfwf 306fb]lv Ps 306f;Dd lbg lbg} xn'sf dflnz ugf{n] z/L/nfO{ :k"mlt{ a9fO{ /Qm ;+rf/df lg/Gt/tf lbG5 / z/L/nfO{ :j:y agfpg d2t ub{5 .

– cf/=8L= >]i7

s'g le6fldg slt lsl;dsf]

le6fdLg …PÚ M of] le6fldg /]l6gf]n / la6fSof/f]l6g u/L @ lsl;dsf] x'G5 . /]l6gf]n df5f df;' h:tf k|f0fL hutaf6 k|fKt x'G5 eg] la6fSof/f]l6g xl/of] ;fukft, kx]+nf kmnkm"n cflbaf6 k|fKt x'G5 . le6fldg …PÚ k|fKt x'g] k|d'v ;|f]tx¿df sn]hf], gf}gL, kx]+nf kmnkm"nx¿ h:t} d]jf, ufh/, xl/of ;fukftx¿ h:t} ;fu, ss{nf] cflb kg{ cfpF5g\ . cfFvfsf] b[li6 7Ls /fVg, ljleGg /f]ux¿af6 arfpg, z/L/sf tGt'x¿ 7Ls /fVg cfjZos kg]{ o; le6fldgsf] dfqf pd]/, cj:yf / ;dofg';f/ km/s km/s x'G5 . jo:s dflg; ue{jtL cfOdfO{sf] nflu &%) dfOqmf]u|fd k|ltlbg / ;'Ts]/L dlxnfsf] nflu yk $)) dfOqmf]u|fd cfjZos x'G5 . sn]hf]n] ^ b]lv ( dlxgf;Dd ;+lrt u/]/ /fVg ;Sg] o; le6fldgsf] sdL ePdf /tGwf], la6\; :k6 -cfFvfdf x'g] Ps lsl;dsf] v/faL_, sf]lg{of kUng], cfFvf ;'Vvf x'g] h:tf ;d:ofx¿ b]vf kb{5g\ . elgG5 g]kfndf le6fldg …PÚ sf] sdLn] ubf{ k|To]s lbg Pp6f aRrf cGwf] aG5 eg] csf]{ Ps aRrfsf] d[To' x'G5 .

le6fldg …8LÚ M …ls8\gL xfdf]{gÚ eg]/ lrlgg] le6fldg 8L= 8L–@ -Ouf]{SoflN;km]/f]n_ / l8–# -sf]n]SoflN;km]/f]n_ u/L b'O{ lsl;dsf] x'G5 . o; le6fldgsf] k|d'v ;|f]tx¿df ;"o{sf] k|sfz -h;df ePsf] k/fj}hgL ls/0fn] 5fnfsf] leqL tx 8le{;df ePsf] sf]n]:6«f]nnfO{ le6fldg l8 df kl/0ft ub{5_ sn]hf], df5f, df;', c08f, b"w cflb kb{5g\ . z/L/sf] lgoldt ljsf;df ;xof]u ug]{, vfPsf] vfgfdf ePsf] SoflN;od / km:kmf]/;nfO{ ;fgf] cfGb|faf6 ;f];]/ lng ;xof]u ug]{ sfo{ o;n] u/]sf] x'G5 . Ps jo:s dflg;sf] nflu % dfOqmf]u|fd, ue{jtL / ;Ts]/Lsf] nflu !) dfOqmf]u|fd k|lt lbg cfjZos kb{5 . o;sf] sdL ePdf aRrfx¿sf] plrt ljsf; gx'g], v'§fsf] x8\8L afFlug], df+;k]zLx¿ n'nf] eO{ ga9\g], k/]jfsf] h:tf] 5fQL x'g] h:tf nIf0f b]lvg yfN5g\, h;nfO{ ;du|¿kdf l/s]6\; elgG5 eg] o'jfj:yfdf …cf]l:6cf]dfn]lzofÚ -xf8x¿ kUng]_ n] ubf{ s'Fhf] eO{ a:g' kg]{ x'G5 .

le6fldg …O{ÚM …6f]sf]km]/f]nÚ elgg] o; le6fldg kfOg] k|d'v ;|f]tx¿df u]8fu'8L, t]n, lk7f] cflb kb{5g\ . o;n] z/L/sf sf]ifx¿df x'g] lrNnf] kbfy{nfO{ clS;8];g eO{ gflzgaf6 arfP/ z/L/nfO{ lg/f]uL /fV5 . o;n] dflg;nfO{ gk';stfaf6 klg arfpg] sfo{ ug]{ ljZjf; ul/Psf] 5 . o; le6fldgsf] sdLn] ubf{ /QmcNktf, lx+8\bf v'§f sfFKg], cfFvf ltld{/fpg] h:tf ;d:ofx¿ b]vf kb{5g\ .

le6fldg …s]Ú M kmfOnf]SjLlgg\ klg elgg] of] le6fldg kfOg] ;|f]tx¿df xl/of ;fukft g} d'Vo ¿kdf cfpF5g\, t/ sd dfqfdf of] le6fldg 7"nf] cfGb|fdf Aofs6]l/ofx¿af6 klg ;+Zn]if0f x'G5, h'g kof{Kt x'Fb}g . /Qm>fj x'gaf6 /f]Sg] !# j6f ˆofS6/x¿dWo] ˆofS6/ @,&, ( / !) sf] lgdf{0fdf o; le6fldgsf] k|d'v e"ldsf /x]sf] x'G5 . o;sf] sdL ePdf /Qm;|fj a9L x'G5 . ljz]if u/]/ o; le6fldgsf] sdL cNsf]xn ;]jg ug]{df a9L x'g] u/]sf] b]lvPsf] 5 .

le6fldg …;LÚ Msd} tfkqmddf klg gi6 x'g] o; le6fldgnfO{ …P:sf]{las Pl;8Ú klg elgG5 . …;LÚ kfOg] k|d'v ;|f]tx¿df cdnf, cDaf, aGbf sfpnL, cldnfkmnx¿ cflb kb{5g\ . rf]6k6s nfu]kl5 lgsf] x'gsf] nflu cTofjZos kg]{ …sf]nfhgÚ gfds /]zf lgdf{0f x'g cfjZos kg]{ o; le6fldgsf] dfqf b}lgs ¿kdf %) ldlnu|fd /x]sf] 5 . o;sf] sdLn] ubf{ xft v'6f ;'lgg], luhfbfFtaf6 /ut cfpg] h:tf nIf0fx¿ b]lvg] …:seL{Ú /f]u nfUb5 ;fy} rf]6k6s, 3fpnfUbf lgsf] x'g klg nfdf] ;do nfU5 .

le6fldg …aLÚ M o; le6fldgsf w]/} k|sf/x¿ ePsf]n] o;nfO{ le6fldg …aLÚ sDkn]S; klg eGg] ul/G5 . o;nfO{ le6fldg aL–! -yfoldg_, aL–@ -l/af]ˆnf]ldg_, aL–# -gfol;g jf lgsf]l6lgs Pl;8_, aL–^ -kfO/f]8f]lS;g_, aL–!@ -;fogf]sf]afnldg_, kmf]lns Pl;8 cflb u'|kx¿df ljefhg ul/Psf] 5 . ;du|¿kdf le6fldg …aLÚ kfOg] vfgfx¿df u]8fu'8L, rfdn, df5fdf;', kmnkm"n cflb kb{5g\ . b}lgs ¿kdf *=% ldln u|f= cfjZos kg]{ aL–! le6fldg ldndf rfdn lk:bf gi6 x'G5 / o;sf] sdLn] ubf{ …a]/La]/LÚ /f]u nfUb5 . b}lgs ¿kdf !=% ld=u|f= cfjZos kg]{ aL–@ sf] sdL ePdf lha|f]sf] ;+qmd0f, d'vsf] cN;/ x'g] 8/ x'G5 . aL–# cyf{t\ lgsf]l6lgs Pl;8sf] sdL ePdf …k]nfu|fÚ /f]u nfUb5 . h'gn] ubf{ emf8fkvfnf nfUg], 5fnfsf] ;+qmd0f x'g] / :d/0fzlQm sd x'Fb} hfg] x'G5 . o;} u/L le6fldg aL–!@, kmf]lns Pl;8sf] sdLn] ubf{ gzfx¿ emdemdfpg], afFpl8g], /QmcNktf x'g] h:tf ;d:ofx¿ b]lvG5g\ .

– /fh' ;]9fO{+ …k|eftÚ

lg/f]uL alnof] / zlQmzfnL aGg] pkfo w]/} 5g\

ljz]if1x¿sf cg';f/ dflg;nfO{ :j:y, alnof], lg/f]uL, v'zL / a'l4dfg x'gsf nflu p;sf] vfgfdf s] s] tTj x'g'kb{5 eGg] ljifodf j}1flgsx¿n] aiff}{+ d]xgt u/]/ s]xL s'/f kQf nufPsf 5g\ . oxfF o;}af/] hfgf}+ .

– zlQm lbg] vfg]s'/f M cGg, cfn', t?n, pv', t]n–£o" OToflb / ltgaf6 ag]sf vfg]s'/f .

– z/L/ agfpg] vfg]s'/f M u]8fu'8L, b"w, km'n, df5f, df;' / ltgaf6 ag]sf vfg]s'/f .

– z/L/sf ljleGg efunfO{ rflxg] s'/f M ;fukft, b"w, df5f–df;' .

– z/L/nfO{ 7Ls /fVgsf nflu yf]/} rflxg] t/ geOgx'g] kbfy{ M kmnkm"n, ;fukft cflb .

oxfF s'g vfg]s'/fdf s'g s'/f kfOG5 eGg] ljifodf klg hfgsf/L k|:t't u/f}+ .

cfdfsf] b"w M ;fgf s]6fs]6LnfO{ rflxg] ;a} kbfy{ .

– rfdn / ux'F M z/L/nfO{ zlQm lbg] kbfy{ . ldndf s'6]lk;]sf] / kfln; u/]sf] cGgdf eGbf l9sLdf s'6]sf] rfdn / rf]s/ ;lxtsf] lk7f]n] a9L kmfObf ub{5g\ .

– sf]bf] / kmfk/ M a9L dfqfdf Sofnl;od / kmnfd x'g] ePsfn] logLx¿ rfdn / ux'FeGbf ;:tf t/ a9L kf]l;nf x'G5g\ .

xl/of] ;fukftM s]xL dfqfdf k|f]l6g, kmnfd / le6fldg …PÚ t/ aGbf jf lh/Lsf] ;fuh:tf sd xl/of jf xNsf /Ësf t/sf/Ldf sd} dfq k|f]l6g / le6fldg kfOG5 .

– km'n / s'v'/fsf] df;'M 3/}df b'O{ rf/j6f s'v'/f kfn]/ k};f vr{ gu/L /fd|f] vfnsf] k|f]l6g kfpg ;lsG5 .

– df8 gkmfn]sf] eft / sd kfgL xfn]/ ksfPsf] t/sf/L M df8 ˆofFSgfn] eftdf ePsf w]/} kf]l;nf s'/f v]/ hfG5g\ . t/sf/LnfO{ w]/} uNg lbg' x'Fb}g . ksfpg] a]nfdf dfq sf6\g] / l7Ss kfgL xfn]/ l7Ss kfs'Gh]n dfq ksfpgfn] ltgdf ePsf] kf}li6s kbfy{ v]/hfg kfpFb}g .

– kmnfdsf] ef8fdf ksfPsf] vfg]s'/f M g]kfndf w]/} dflg;x¿nfO{ /utsf] sdL jf Plgldof ePsf] kfOG5 . kmnfd] ef8fdf ksfPsf] bfn – t/sf/Ldf kmnfdsf] dfqf x'G5, o;n] /utsf] sdL x'g] /f]u lgsf] kfg{ d2t u5{ . kmnfdsf] efF8fdf ksfOg] x'gfn] ;Vv/df w]/} kmnfd kfOG5 . kf]if0fsf lx;fan] lrgLeGbf ;Vv/ /fd|f] x'G5 .

ld;fPsf] cGg / SjfFtL M Ps yf]saf6 dfq ag]sf] vfgfeGbf ljleGg cGg / u]8fu'8L ld;fP/ ksfPsf] vfgf a9L kf]lifnf] x'G5 . lehfP/ 6';f pd]|sf] cGg / u]8fu'8L Hofb} kf]lifnf] x'G5 .

dfly pNn]v ePsf vfg]s'/f vfg] dfG5]nfO{ s'g} tfutsf cf}ifwLsf] sfd kb}{g . t/ 7"nf] la/fdLaf6 ev{/ p7]sf dflg; dlxgfjf/Ldf w]/} /ut aUg], ue{jtL of ;'Ts]/L dlxnf, dlxgf gk'uL hGd]sf jf ;'s]gfz ePsf s]6fs]6L, c+s'z] h'sfn] ;tfPsf of z/L/nfO{ ge}gx'g] s'g} vfg]s'/f vfFb} gvfg] dflg;x¿nfO{ tfutsf cf}ifwL rflxg klg ;S5 . /f]uL la/fdL / ;f¥x} sdhf]/ dflg;x¿n] vfg] s'/fdf kfOg] ;a} kf]lifnf tTj ;lhn} krfpg g;Sg] ePsfn] pgLx¿nfO{ tfutsf cf}ifwL rflxPsf] xf] . s]xL tª\lu|Pkl5 pgLx¿ km]l/ vfg]s'/f krfpg ;Sg] x'G5g\ .

…6lgsÚ cfkm}n] tfut lbg] xf]Og z/L/nfO{ zlQm lbg] t u'lnof] / lrNnf] kbfy{df kfOg] …Sofnf]/LÚ n] xf] . …6lgsÚ n] kfrg k|lqmofx¿nfO{ d2t k'¥ofpg] dfq xf] . x/]s dflg;sf] z/L/sf] cj:yf / cfjZostf Pp6} x'Fb}g . s;}sf] z/L/nfO{ Pp6f kf}li6s tTj jf le6fldgsf] cfjZostf x'G5 eg] csf{nfO{ cs}{sf] cfjZostf x'G5 . ahf/df kfOg] …dlN6le6fldgÚ …aL sDKn]S;Ú h:tf 6lgsx¿n] To:tf] cfjZostf k"/f ub}{gg\ . s;nfO{ s'g / slt tfutsf] cf}ifwL rflxG5 eGg] s'/f g xfdL hfGb5f}+ g k;n] g} hfGb5g\ . o:tf s'/f 8fS6/ jf :jf:Yo sfo{stf{n] dfq /fd|f];Fu hfGb5g\ . To;}n] To:tf] cf}ifwL vfg pgLx¿s} ;Nnfx lng'kb{5 . cfkm"v';L vfFbf xflg ug{ klg ;S5 .

– ljZjgfy u}/]