Yuwamanch11 (Yuwamanch Monthly)

hf]lvddf kb}{{5g\ g]kfnL cgf{x¿

ljZjsf] s'n e"–efusf] )=)# k|ltzt / Pl;ofsf] )=# k|ltzt If]q cf]u6\g] g]kfn k|fs[lts tyf h}ljs ljljwtfn] el/k"0f{ 5 . If]qkmndf ;fgf] eP/ klg lxdfn, kxf8, t/fO{, vf]nfgfnf, jg hËn emf8L, a'6\ofg cflb ljljw ef}uf]lns agfj6 / xfjf kfgLsf sf/0f ljZjaf6} nf]k x'g nfu]sf sltko jg:klt tyf hLjhGt' / kz'k+IfL ;d]t g]kfndf k|z:t kfOG5g\ . ljZjaf6} nf]k x'g] cj:yfdf k'u]sf] t/ g]kfndf eg] pNn]Vo ;ª\Vofdf kfOg] cgf{ cyf{t\ hËnL e}+;L klg Ps xf] .

ljZjd} nf]k x'g] cj:yfdf k'u]sf] cgf{ g]kfnsf] ;'g;/L, ;Kt/L / pbok'/ u/L !# ufpF ljsf; ;ldltdf km}lnPsf] sf]zL 6Kk' jGo hGt' cf/Ifdf dfq ;Lldt x'g k'u]sf] 5 . hg;ª\Vof tyf jftfj/0f dGqfnosf] Ps tYof° cg';f/, ljZjdf kfOg] rf/xhf/ ##& k|hfltsf :tgwf/L hgfj/ dWo] g]kfndf !*% k|hfltsf -ljZjsf] $=@& k|ltzt_ hgfj/ kfOG5g\ . of] hgfj/ ljZjd} b'n{e x'Fb} uPsf] :tgwf/L hgfj/df kb{5 . xfn g]kfndf !%^ j6f cgf{ 5g\ . To;dWo] %& j6f jo:s efn], $& j6f kf]yL, @@ j6f b'O{jif{b]lv rf/ jif{;Ddsf / afFsL b'O{jif{ d'lgsf /x]sf] sf]zL 6Kk' jGohGt' cf/Ifaf6 yfxfePsf] 5 .

;f] If]q /f0ffsfnLg ;dodf lzsf/sf nflu lgs} k|l;4 :yn xf] . /, ljZjd} b'n{e x'Fb} hfg yfn]sf cgf{sf] ;+/If0fsf nflu lj=;+= @)@* ;fnb]lv k|of;sf] yfngL ePklg ;+:yfut ¿kdf eg] @)#@ ;fndf sf]zL 6Kk' jGohGt' cf/Ifsf] ¿kaf6 cgf{ ;+/If0fsf] z'?jft ul/Psf] xf] . ;'g;/L, ;Kt/L / pbok'/sf lhNnfsf u/L !# uflj;sf] !&% ju{lsnf]ld6/ If]qkmnleq pQm cf/If /x]sf] 5 .

cgf{sf] hfltM

dflg;n] kfNg] 3/]n' hgfj/sf cflbd j+z / hflt cem} klg hËndf 5g\ . log} ljleGg hgfj/dWo] 3/kfn'jf e}+;Lsf] glhs}sf] j+z k|f0fL xf] cgf{ . oL kfFr k|hfltsf x'G5g\ . /f]gfi6 lj1fg n]vdfnfdf k|sflzt ljj/0fcg';f/ g]kfndf kfOg] cgf{x¿ eg] w]/} cl3b]lv 3/kfn'[jfsf ¿kdf 5g\ . To:t} ef/tsf] sflh/+uf /fli6o lgs'~h jf]lg{of, lkmlnlkG;df kfOPsf ;a}eGbf ;fgf] sbsf / >Ln+sfdf kfOg] cgf{ eg] hËnL k|hflt x'g\ . cgf{sf kfFr hfltdWo] rf/ hflt 3/]n' e}+;Lsf] ldl>t x'g\ . /, >Ln+sf / g]kfndf kfOg] Pp6f hflt z'4 hfltsf x'g\ . oL 3/kfn'jf;Fu ldl>t 5}gg\ .

/f]gfi6sfcg';f/, sf]zL 6Kk'df kfOg] !%^ j6f cgf{ z'4 hfltsf /x]sf 5g\ . o; afx]s cGo ldl>t hfltsf cgf{ klg sf]zL 6Kk'df /x]sf] cgf{sf] lrgf/L ljj/0fdf lj1fg n]vdfnfdf k|:t't ul/Psf] 5 . sf]zL 6Kk'df kfOg] cgf{x¿ klxn] lrtjgdf ;d]t /x]sf] cg'dfg ul/Psf] 5 .

cgf{ / e}+;Ldf km/sM

cgf{sf] cfsf/ k|sf/ / ¿k/Ë 3/kfn'jf e}+;L;Fu ldNg] ePklg j+zfg'ut ¿kdf g} lgs} km/s kfOG5 . e}+;LeGbf cgf{ lgs} 7"nf] x'G5 eg] l;ªsf] cfsf/ clns km/s x'g] ljz]if1 atfpF5g\ 7"nf] 6fpsf]df nfdf] / kftnf] vfnsf] Pshf]8f l;ª ljk/Lt lbzflt/ uO{ lgwf/lt/ kms]{sf] x'G5 . t/, 3/kfn'jf e}+;Lsf] To:tf] geO{ km/s /x]sf] x'G5 . cgf{sf] l;ª 6'Kkfdf k'u]/ kmgSs 3'd]sf] kfOG5 . z/L/ k"/} sfnf] / s}nf /f}+n] el/Psf] 6f9faf6 x]bf{ klg cln km/s v}/f] b]lvG5 . 3fF6Ldf eg] clns ;]tf /f}+ x'g] /f]gfi6sf] cgf{;DaGwL lrgf/Ldf pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 . logLx¿sf] z/L/ klg jo:s efn] cgf{sf] @)) lsnf];Dd x'g]ub{5 eg] o;sf] l;ª em08} kfFrlkm6;Dd klg x'g] ub{5 .

cgf{sf] af;:yfgsf] nflu pko'Qm If]qM

cgf{x¿ ;Ld;f/ If]q dgk/fpg] zfsfxf/L k|f0fL xf] . lxnf]df cfxfn a:g / kfgLdf kf}8g ?rfpF5g\ . lxnf]df cfxfn eg] yf]/} ;do a:g] t/ ;kmf kfgLdf eg] rf/306f;Dd klg a:g] ePsfn] ToxL cg'¿ksf] :yfg cfjZos kb{5 . xl/of] 3fF;] d}8fgdf rg{ ?rfpg] tyf o;sf] cefjdf ?vf ;'vf vfg] ePklg To:tf] cfxf/ pko'Qm rflx+ x'Fb}g . o;sf] af;:yfgsf nflu 3fF;] d}bfg, emf8L, a'6\ofg gbL vf]nf tnfp h:tf 7fpF g} pko'Qm dflgG5 . /, cgf{sf nflu cfjZos kg]{ :yn g]kfndf ljz]if u/L lrtjg / sf]zL 6Kk' /x]sf 5g\ .

;g\ !(%) sf] bzsdf sf]zL gbLdf afFwsf] lgdf{0f k|ls|ofsf] yfngL;Fu] afFweGbf dflyNnf] efudf kfgL hDg uO{ 7"nf] gbL sf]zL;Fu} tnfp kf]v/L ag] eg] st} a'6\ofg tyf emf8Lsf] lgdf{0f eof] / of] cgf{sf nflu lgs} cfsif{s aGof] . cgf{ ;+/If0fsf nflu agfOPsf] of] If]q xfn r/fr'?ËLsf nflu klg cfsif{s ag]sf] 5 . of] g]kfnsf] Psdfq /fd;f/ ;fO6 klg xf] . o; cf/IfnfO{ h}ljs ljljwtfsf bl[i6n] klg cfsif{s dflgG5 .

cgf{sf] k|hggM

cgf{sf] k|hgg ;fdfGotof kf8L tLgjif{ ePkl5 nfos x'G5 eg] efn] cgf{ -kf8f]_ eg] rf/ jif{sf] ePkl5 dfq ue{3f/0f ug{;Sg] nfos x'G5 . /, ue{wf/0f u/]sf] Ps jif{df aRrf kfpF5g\ . ljz]if1sf cg';f/, vf;u/L r}q / c;f/ dlxgfdf k|fo ue{wf/0f x'g] ub{5 . cgf{x¿ k|foh;f] !%–@) j6fsf] ;d"xdf pd]/ ;d"x cg'¿k a:g ?rfpF5g\ eg] efn] cgf{ jo:s ePkl5 PSnf PSn} a:g] u/]sf] ;+/If0f clws[t nfnljxf/L ofbjn] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] .

/f]u ;d:ofM

cgf{x¿ k|fo v'/;DaGwL -vf]/]t_ /f]uaf6 7"nf] ;ª\Vofdf d[To' x'g;Sg] u/]sf] kfOPsf] 5 . /, of] kz'df nfUg] 3fts ;?jf /f]u xf] . of] /f]u k|foh;f] 3/]n' e}+;Ldf kfOg] ub{5 . ;g\ !(^) sf] bzsdf sf]zL 6Kk'df sl/a @% j6f dfq cgf{ ar]sf lyP . /, To;a]nf oxL v'/;DaGwL /f]u / af9Laf6 7"nf] ;ª\Vofdf cgf{ d/]sf lyP . o;n] ubf{ cgf{nfO{ 3/]n' e}+;Lsf] cltqmd0f / ;fdLKoeGbf hlxn] klg cnu /fVg'kg]{ ljz]if1sf] wf/0ff 5 . t/ sf]zL 6Kk'df 7"nf] ;ª\Vofdf 3/]n' e}+;Lx¿ cf/Ifleq cj}w k|j]z ul//x]sf]n] ;Defljt /f]uaf6 cgf{nfO{ klg vt/fd'Qm /fVg g;lsg] b]lvG5 . ;fy} o;sf] af;:yfgnfO{ ;d]t /f]ud'Qm If]q agfpg afXo k|j]zsf] /f]sfj6 clgjfo{ b]lvG5 .

cgf{ -z'4_ k|hgg\ ;d:ofM

cgf{sf hftnfO{ z'4 /fVg k|hggdf ljz]if Wofg lbg' cfjZos x'G5 t/ g]kfnsf] sf]zL 6Kk'df kfOg] cgf{ -z'4_ pRr hftsf] ePsfn] o;sf] z'4tfnfO{ sfod /fVg' r'gf}tLk"0f{ g} b]lvPsf] 5 . sf]zL 6Kk'df dfq cgf{ kfOg] / To; If]qdf hlxn] klg b'O{xhf/eGbf a9Lsf] ;ª\Vofdf 3/]n' e}+;L cj}w k|j]z /xg] u/]sf] / e}+;Lsf] clts|d0fn] cgf{ k|hggdf z'4tf x/fpg;Sg] vt/f a9\bf] 5 . cf/If If]qleqaf6 k|To]s jif{ To:tf cj}w ¿kdf k|j]z u/fOsf kz' lgsfNg ;"rgf ;+/If0f sfof{non] ub{5 . t/ To;/L e}+;L cf/Ifaf6 lgsfNbf cgf{sf kf8f kf8L ;d]t ;Fu} ;d"xdf :yfgLo afl;Gbfn] nfg] u/]sf] klg /]~h/ emf}nfO{ rf}w/L atfpg'x'G5 . /]~h/ rf}w/Lsf cg';f/ – :yfgLo afl;Gbfsf] cf/Ifdflysf] cfqmd0f;Fu} cfˆgf e}+;L cgf{sf] qmzsf nflu g} k|j]z u/fpg] / 3/]n' e}+;Laf6 u'0f:t/ lgsfNg] lgot /fv]/ hfgLa'emL 5f]l8lbg] ub{5g\ . e}+;Laf6 hlGdPsf] cgf{sf] s|z kf8f kf8L lgs} dx+uf] d"Nodf las|L x'g] ePsfn] g]kfnsf dfq geO{ ;LdfIf]qsf ef/tLo gful/sn] ;d]t o; cf/Ifdf cj}w ¿kdf e}+;Lsf] k|j]z u/fpg] u/]sf] kfOG5 . o;af6 cgf{sf] z'4tfdf x|f; cfpg] lrGtf a9]sf] 5 .

3/]n' e}+;Lsf k'vf{ -j+zh_ cgf{x¿ ljutsf dfgjLo lqmofsnfk, k|fs[lts sf/0fn] sf]zL If]qdf dfq ;Lldt x'g k'u]sf 5g\ . jGohGt' lgodfjnLaf6 ;fOl6; / vt/fdf k/]sf k|f0fLsf] ;'rLdf ;"rLs[t cgf{x¿ xfn ;ª\s6fkGg cj:yfdf 5g\ . logLx¿sf] af;:yfgsf] ;'/Iff, /f]u tyf k|fs[lts Pj+ dfgjLo lqmofsnfksf] sf/0faf6 :yfgfGt/0f u/]/ ;+/If0fdf hf]8 lbg'kg]{ r'gf}tL /x]sf] 5 .

ljut $) jif{cl3 -cyf{t ;g\ !(^) sf] bzslt/_ sf]zLsf] af9L tyf v'/;DaGwL -vf]/]t_ /f]uaf6 7"nf] dfqfdf cgf{sf] ljgfz ePsf]n] @)@* ;fnlt/ sf]zL 6Kk' jGohGt' cf/Ifdf cgf{sf] ;+/If0f ug]{ ;f]rFO cl3 a9fO{ ;+:yfut ¿kdf ;+/If0f eg] @)#@ ;fndf z'? ul/Psf] kfOG5 . Toltv]/ sl/a @% j6f hlt dfq cgf{ /x]sf] cg'dfg 5 . ljZjaf6} nf]k x'Fb} uPsf] :tgwf/L jGohGt' cgf{ xfn g]kfnsf] sf]zL 6Kk' jGohGt' cf/Ifdf dfq ;Lldt /xg k'u]sf] 5 . xfn sf]zL 6Kk' jGohGt' cf/Ifdf !%^ j6f cgf{ 5g\ . /, tL cgf{ z'4 hfltdf kb{5g\ .

sf]zL 6Kk'df /x]sf cgf{x¿

efn] – %&

kf]yL — $&

kf8f–kf8L -@ b]lv $ jif{sf_ @@

kf8f–kf8L -! b]lv @ jif{sf_ !(

kf8f–kf8L -! jif{d'lgsf_ !!

hDdf —!%^

— eQmaxfb'/ yfkf

sf]zL 6Kk'M cgf{, cfsif{0f / Jojxf/

k|fs[lts jftj/0fleq /dfpg] k|f0fLsf] ;+/If0fy{ cnu–cnu ljz]iftf af]s]sf /fli6«o lgs'~h, cf/If tyf ;+/lIft If]qdWo]sf] cgf{sf nflu k|lz4 :yn xf] – sf]zL 6Kk' jGo hGt' cf/If . /fhwfgLaf6 $%) lsnf]ld6/ k"j{ dx]Gb| /fhdfu{df kg]{ g]kfns} 7"nf] gbL sf]zL Aof/]haf6 lsgf/} lsgf/ gf} lsnf]ld6/sf] w'n] ;8ssf] ofqfkl5 dgf]/d :yn sf]zL 6Kk' cf/If If]qdf k|j]z ul/G5 . cf/Ifsf] k|j]z;Fu} gbLsf] afFw, tnfp, kf]v/L, emf8L, a'6\ofg h:tf k|fs[lts 56fleq otfptL 3/L–3/L b]vfkg]{ nfdf–nfdf l;ª, 7"nf] z/L/ b]Vb}df 8/nfUbf] cg'e"lt x'g] k|f0fL cgf{ g} oxfFsf] k|d'v cfsif{0f xf] .

dflg;sf] k|j]zsf] ;°]t;Fu} cfkm"nfO{ emf8L tyf a'6\ofgleq n'sL 6fpsf] dfq p7fP/ x]bf{ tyf sf]zL gbL kf/ ubf{ kfgLsf] ;txdfly b]vfkg]{ nfdf–nfdf l;ª dfqsf] b[Zo b]Vbf ToxfF k'Ug]x¿n] cgf}7f] cg'e"lt ug{ ;S5g\ .

o:t} b[Zo tyf cgf{sf] ;d"x–;d"xsf] rxnkxnsf] b[Zo / dflg; b]vfkbf{ ltgLx¿sf] Jojxf/df cfpg] kl/jt{gnfO{ cfˆgf] Sofd]/fdf s}b ug{ uf]/vfkqsf kmf]6f]u|fkm/ /fh]Gb| lrqsf/n] b'O{÷tLglbgsf] nuftf/ k|of;kl5 ;kmntf k|fKt u/] . cf/If0f sfof{no ;Kt/L r]skf]i6af6 b'O{j6f xfQL lnP/ sf]zL 6Kk'sf] au/nufot hËnsf ljleGg efusf] lg/Gt/sf qmddf b]lvPsf] dflg;sf] cfudgsf] ;°]t;Fu} ;d"x–;d"xdf /xg] kf]yL cgf{ ;d"x afFw]/ k5fl8 kms]{/ x]b}{ bf}8Fbfsf] b[Zo / sdf /f]rs lyPg . jo:s efn] cgf{ eg] ;d"xdf ga;L PSnf PSn} a:g] / dflg; dfq hfFbf cfqmd0f ug]{ ePsfn] xfQLsf] ;xfotf cTofjZos x'Fbf] /x]5 . xfQLdf r9]/ To;sf] glhs hfFbf l;ª 7f8f / /ftf–/ftf cfFvf kf/]/ v'§fn] au/sf] w"nf] p8fpFb} r'gf}tL lbg] u/]sf] kfOof] . t/ xfQL;Fu} glhs k'Ubf klg gefUg] / 5]pd} k'u]kl5 eg] lj:tf/} emf8Lleq l5/]/ 6fpsf] dfq p7fP/ x]bf{sf] b[Zo eg] cgf}7f] b]lvGYof] .