l5Ggfd:tf eujtL

;Kt/L lhNnfsf] ;b/d'sfd /fhlj/fhb]lv ;ft ls=dL= blIf0f ef/tsf] l;dfgf glhs ;v8f ufpFdf Pp6f eujtLsf] dlGb/ /x]sf] 5 . 6fpsf] gePsf]n] oxfFsf] gfd l5Ggd:tf /x]sf] 5 .

Ps;o @% jif{cl3 ;v8fsf] eujtL dlGb/ elTsg nfu]sf], O{+6n] ag]sf] Pp6f u'kmfsf] ¿kdf lyof] . h;nfO{ ToxfFsf afl;Gbf Rofv'/L gfgL / r"gLnfn 7fs'/n] ;kmf u/fO{ Pp6f ;fgf] dlGb/ lgdf{0f u/]sf lyP . pQm dlGb/ lj=;+= !(() ;fnsf] dxfe"sDkdf elTsPsf]n] To;a]nfsf dlGb/sf k"hf/L clg?4 7fs'/n] rGbf ;°ng u/L u|fdL0f ;dfhsf] ;xof]un] l6gsf] 5fgf ePsf] dlGb/ agfP .

To;kl5 lj=;+= @)@* ;fndf ef/tsf tTsflng /]nj] dGqL nlntgf/fo0f ld>n] ;v8f eujtLsf] dlxdfaf6 k|efljt eP/ k'/fgf] eO;s]sf] 6Lgsf] 5fgf ePsf] dlGb/sf] :yfgdf ljzfn a/08fePsf] kSsL dGbL/ agfpg nufP . lj=;+= @)$$ ;fndf >L % dxf/fhflw/fhsf] k"jf{~rnsf] e|d0fsf] a]nfdf ;v8f dlGb/sf] hL0ff]{4f/sf nflu kfFrnfv ?lkofF aS; ePsf] lyof] . o; /sdaf6 Kofuf]8f z}nLsf] eJo dlGb/sf] lgdf{0f ePsf] xf] .

;v8f eujtLsf] dlGb/ hlt k6s lgdf{0f / k'gM lgdf{0f ul/P klg ToxfFsf] d"lt{ eg] k|frLg ;dos} xf] . o;af/]df b"O{j6f cfwf/ lnP/ :ki6 ug{ ;lsG5 . klxnf] d"lt{ snfsf] z}nLsf] cfwf/df ;v8f eujtLsf] :yfkgf sfnsf] ;do lgwf{/0f u}/ d"lt{sf] k|frLgtf af/] kQf nufpg ;lsG5 . ;v8f eujtL / ToxfF /x]sf] cGo d"lt{x¿ z'4 kfna+zL z}nLdf agfOPsf 5g\ .

g]kfndf kfn z}nL ef/taf6 cfPsf] xf] . ;Todf]xg hf]zLåf/f lnlvt k':tssf cg';f/ kfnj+z kl5 ;]g j+zsf] pbo eof] . ;]gx¿sf] kfnfdf j}i0fj wd{sf] k|fwfgtf b]lvG5 . kfn z}nLdf v8f ePsf] ;]g z}nLn] j}]i0fj d"lt{sf cltl/Qm ljleGg b]jL–b]jtfsf d"lt{x¿ :yfkgf u/] .

;g\ !*(( df d';ndfgL cfqmd0fn] ubf{ ;]g j+zsf] ktg eof] / d';ndfgx¿n] lxGb" ;Eotfdfly k|xf/ ub}{ uP . To;sf/0f ljxf/ a+ufnsf wd{, ;F:s[lt / snfsf k|]dLx¿ cfˆgf] ;F:s[ltsf] ;'/Iffy{ ef/taf6 cf>o lng g]kfn cfPsf lyP . o;/L kfn / ;]g snfsf] k|efj g]kfnL snf z}nLdf kg{ uPsf] s'/f Oltxf;ljb\ xl/sfGtnfn bf; atfpg' x'G5 .

kfn / ;]g j+zL d"lt{snfsf] lgdf{0f z}nLsf] pRr gd"gf af/f lhNnfsf] l;d|f}gu9sf d"lt{x¿df kfOG5 . l;d|f}gu9sf To:tf pRr snfsfl/tfn] kl/k"0f{ ePsf gf/fo0f, eujtL, a|˜df, ;"o{, gfusGof, lji0f' cfbLsf d"lt{x¿ clxn] g]kfnsf /fli6«o clen]vfnodf ;'/lIft 5g\ .

/Ë, k|:t/, n]k z}nL cflbnfO{ ljrf/ ubf{ l;d|f}gu9sf sfnf] /Ë ePsf k|:t/df s'lbPsf oL d"lt{{x¿ / ;v8f eujtLsf] d"lt{ Pp6} ;dosf] / Pp6} snfsf/n] agfPsf] h:tf] b]lvG5 . o;/L eujtLsf] o; d"lt{sf] k|frLgtfsf] ;Gbe{df dWosfnLg ;dosf] xf] eGg ;lsG5 .

o; dlGb/sf] k|frLgtfaf/] æd]rLb]lv dxfsfnL efu–!Æ k':tsdf n]lvPsf] ljj/0f cg';f/ l;d|f}gu9sf /fhf zqml;+x b]jn] cfˆgf] s'nb]jL zqm]Zj/Lsf] :yfkgf u/L dlGb/ agfPsf lyP . /fhf zqml;+xsf] ck|e+z eP/ g} pQm ufpF ;v8f x'g uPsf] pNn]v /x]sf] 5 .

P3f/f}+ ztfAbLsf] pGolt/ pQ/ ef/tsf] sdhf]/ /fhgLlts l:yltaf6 kmfObf p7fO{ blIf0f ef/tlt/sf s0ff{6j+zL gfGob]jn] ldlynf If]q ljho u/L g]kfnsf] t/fO{ Onfsf af/f lhNnfsf] blIf0fL efu l;d|f}gu9df /fhwfgL agfPsf lyP .

gfGob]jn] t/fO{sf ;Dk"0f{ Onfsf lht]sf x'gfn] ;Q/L klg pgsf] dftxtdf lyof] . gfGob]jsf] kfFrf}F k':tfdf zqml;+x /fhf eP . oLgsf] /fHosfn ;g\ !@&% b]lv !#)& ;Dd /x]sf] lyof] . a'9];sfndf z]if hLjg ljtfpg zqml;+x ;Kt/L cfPsf lyP . ToxLa]nf pgn] cfˆgL Oi6b]jL eujtLsf] ;vfdf :yfkgf u/]sf] lsDjblGt /x]sf] 5 .

tLg bzsk"j{ ;v8f eujtLnfO{ ;v8]Zj/L eujtL eg]/ k"hf cr{gf ul/GYof] . k~rfot sfndf l5Ggd:tf eGg yflnof] . o;}sf] cfwf/df l5Ggd:tf ufpF k~rfot eg]/ gfdfs/0f ul/of] . cfh kl;g ;v8f eujtLnfO{ l5Ggd:tf eg]/ g} k'sfl/G5 . To; dlGb/sf k'hf/Lx¿sf egfOcg';f/, dlGb/leq eujtLsf] d"lt{sf ;fy} c¿ rf/j6f ;–;fgf d"lt{ /x]sfn] To;nfO{ k~relugL klg elgG5 . hg ;fwf/0fn] b'uf{ eg]/ klg k"hf ub{5g\

k|To]s lbg %) j6feGbf a9L tyf a8fbz}+df xhf/f}F af]sf v;Lx¿ anL r9fOG5 . aln k|bfg ubf{ lg:s]sf] /utdf lemËf ga:g', /ut n'ufdf nfu]klg bfu g nfUg' cflb oxfFsf cfZro{hgs b}aL s'/f xf] eGg] egfO /x]sf] 5 .

;v8f eujtLsf] d"lt{nfO{ ;"Id¿kn] x]bf{ tLg j6f 6's|f ldnfP/ :yflkt ul/Psf] b]lvG5 . ;g\ !#@* df uof;'l4g t'unsn] lt/x'tdfly cfqmd0f u/]sf lyP . h;sf] kmn:j¿k l;d|f}gu9 Wj:t eof] . l;d|f}gu9sf d"lt{x¿ ;d]t clxn] klg km'6]s} cj:yfdf /x]sf 5g\ . o;k|sf/ ;v8f eujtLsf] d"lt{ klg ToxL a]nf d';ndfgL cfqmd0fdf km'6]sf] s'/f afa'/fd cfrfo{sf] egfOnfO{ p4[t ub}{ Oltxf;ljb\ xl/sfGtnfn bf;n] pNn]v ug'{eof] .

dlGb/leq d"n b]jLsf] ¿kdf eujtLsf] sfnf] /Ësf] a'§]bf/ d"lt{ 5 . pQm d"lt{sf] kfplg/ /fFufsf] sfl6Psf] 6fpsf] k|i6¿kdf 9'Ëfdf s'+lbPsf] 5 . d"n d"lt{sf b]a|]kl§ qmdzM blIf0fsfnL, dlxzdlb{gL / bflxg]lt/ qmdzM rfd'G8f, e}/jLs} / To:t} sfnL /Ësf] k|:t/ d"lt{ :yflkt 5 . oL d"lt{x¿ ToxfF dlGb/sf] cl:tTj b]lvPs} a]nfb]lv 5g\ eGg] k'hf/Lx¿sf] egfO 5 .

l5Ggd:tf eujtL zlQm kL7x¿ dWo] Ps /x]sf] / dgf]sfdgf k"/f ug]{ k|d'v zlQm /x]sf] s'/f dlGb/sf d"n k"hf/L dxfsfGt 7fs'/ atfpg' x'G5 .

g]kfn tyf ef/tsf >4fn' eQmhgx¿sf] o; :yfgdf af]sf, e]+8f k/]jf, xfF; / df5fsf] aln k|bfg ug{ lbgx'F 3'OFrf] /x]sf] s'/f d"n k'hf/L atfpg' x'G5 .

—zDe' emf
;Kt/L .

cf:yfsf] s]Gb| rfFu'gf/fo0f dlGb/

eQmk'/ lhNnf ef}uf]lns ¿kdf ;fgf] eP tfklg P]ltxfl;s b[li6sf]0fn] ljz]if dxTj /fVb5 . hxfFsf] jf:t'snf gd"gfsf] ¿kdf /x]sf] 5 . eQmk'/ lhNnf snfsf] /fhwfgL xf] eGbf clt x'Fb}g . eQmk'/ zx/df /x]sf bQfqo, %% ‰ofn] b/af/, Goftkf]n dlGb/ gd"gfsf k|tLssf ¿kdf /x]sf 5g\ . To:t} snf sf}zn / ;fF:s[lts / cfWoflTds cf:yfsf] s]Gb|sf] ¿kdf /x]sf] 5 rfFu'gf/fo0f dlGb/ .

eQmk'/ zx/b]lv pQ/df /x]sf] rfFu'gf/fo0f dlGb/ ljz]if u/]/ j}i0fjdtsf eQmx¿sf] cf:yfsf] s]Gb| elgP tfklg lxGb", af}4, zfQm ;a}sf cf:yfsf] k|tLssf] ¿kdf /x]sf] kfOG5 . ;[li6sfnb]lv g} pTklQm ePsf b]jtfsf] ¿kdf k'lhFb} cfPsf x'g eGg] s'/fsf] k'li6 lnR5lj sfnsf cflwsfl/s zf;s -/fhf_ dfgb]jn] pQm dlGb/nfO{ hL0ff]{4f/ u/]sf] s'/f ToxfF lznfkq, tfd|kq :j0f{ tyf vDafdf n]lvPsf Znf]sx¿af6 klg k'li6 x'G5 .

rfFu'gf/fo0fsf] pTklQsf] ;DaGwdf xfd|f kf}/fl0fs cfVofg cg';f/, Clif sZoksf w]/} kTgLx¿dWo] h]7L kTgL lbtLsf] ue{af6 b}Tox¿sf] hGd ePsf] lyof] . b}Tox¿dWo] c;'/ gfd u/]sf] b}Ton] s;}sf] xftaf6 d[To' j/0f ug{ gk/f];\ eGg] p2]Zon] lnËfsf/ k/fTdfsf] tk:of u¥of] . p;n] tk:ofsf] ann] ubf{ OR5f adf]lhd jvfg k|fKt u/]sf] x'gfn] ;Dk"0f{ b]ju0fx¿ qfxL–qfxL eP/ lji0f' eujfgsf] z/0fdf uP . ta b]ju0fx¿sf] /Iff ug{sf nflu lji0f' eujfg u?8df r9]/ /fIf;sf] aw ug{ uP . ;ª\u|fddf c;'/n] lji0f'eujfg r9]sf] u?8sf] kv]6f;d]t sfl6lbof] . lji0f'eujfg hfOnfUbf lzjhLn] eGg'eof] x] lji0f' / tk:ofsf] ann] ubf{ daf6 o;n] ceobfg k|fKt u/]sf] x'gfn] ;j{zlQmdfg b]jLn] dfq dfg{ ;lQmg . ta lji0f'eujfg xfnsf] rfFu'gf/fo0fsf] 8fF8fdf n's]/ a;] . Tof] c;'/n] rfFu'gf/fo0fsf] 8fF8fnfO{ prfn]/ xNnfof] . lzjhL ToxL+ k|s6 x'g'eof] . ToxfF lzjhLn] Pp6f lsnf uf8\g' eof] . To;kl5 lzjhLn] ToxL+ a;]/ b]jLsf] cf/fwgf ug{ eg] adf]lhd lji0f'n] cflbzlQm b]jLn] cf/fwgf u/L cfˆg} z/L/ sf6]/ b]jLnfO{ /Qmwf/f r9fP . tTsfn 3'Db} ToxfF cfOk'u]sf] c;'/ b}To d h:tf] zlQmzfnL sf]xL ePg eg]/ lji0f' eujfgsf] b'b{zfb]lv xfF:g yfNof] . To;}a]nf cflbzlQm b]jL k|s6 eP/ To; c;'/nfO{ aw ul/lbOg\ . To;7fpFdf /Qm]Zj/L pTklQ eO{ lsn]Zj/ / ci6dft[sf u0fsf] gfos eP/ /x]sf] x'gfn] rfFu'gf/fo0fsf] pTklQ x'g'eGbf klxn] g} /Qm]Zj/Lsf] k|fb'ef{j ePsf] lyof] eGg] a'lemG5 .

c;'/ gfd u/]sf] b}Ton] prfn]/ xNnfPsf] x'gfn] bf]nfb|L sxlng k'u]sf] xfnsf] rfFu'gf/fo0f 8fF8f]df ;'bz{g gfd u/]sf] Psd'gL a:by] . pgn] slknf gfd u/]sL b'wfn' ufO{ kfn]sf lyP . Pslbg ufO{sf] sNrf}8fdf b"w gePsf] kfPkl5 lrlGtt eP . ;kgfdf pgn] Ps ;'Gb/ o'jsn] ufO{sf] b"w vfg] u/]sf] rfn kfP . pgn] ufOnfO{ rfFu'sf] ¿vdf afFw]/ n's]/ x]g{ yfn] . TolQs}df ToxL ¿vsf] km]baf6 clt ;'Gb/ o'js lgSn]/ b"w vfPsf] b]Vbf – pgdf l/;sf] l;dfgf /x]g / tTsfn v8\u lgsfn]/ k|xf/ u/L lz/ 5]bg u/] ta lz/ 5]bg ePsf dxfk'?if u?8df r9] . ta pgL gf/fo0f ePsf] rfn kfP/ d'lg y/–y/ sfDg yfn] .

gf/fo0fåf/f cfsfzjf0fL eof] . x] d'lg g8/fp k/fk"j{sfndf d]/f] rGb|;Fu o'4 x'Fbf k/z'/fd;Fu wg'if ljBf / z'qmfrfo{;Fu zf:q ljBf l;s]sf ;'dtL gfd u/]sf Ps a|fDx0fnfO{ cGofo u/L df/]sf] lyPF . To;kl5 z'qmfrfo{n] ltd|f] klg s'g} a|fDx0fåf/f lz/ 5]bg x'g]5 egL >fk lbPsf lyP, ToxL >fk cfh df]rg eof] . ca oxL+ k"hf u/L a:g' ltd|f] p4f/ x'g]5 egL cGtWof{g eP . rfFksf] ¿vsf] k]mbaf6 pTo'lQm ePsf] x'gfn] rDos, rf+kfgf/fo0f, u?8gf/fo0f, rfFu'gf/fo0f egL k"hf cfhf ub}{ cfPsf] kfOG5 .

s]xL ;dosf] cGt/fnkl5 /fhf xl/bQn] l5Ggd:tf cflb b]jL / rfFu'gf/fo0fsf] dlGb/ lgdf{0f ug{ nufP/ k"hf cfhf rnfP . To:t} /fhf dfgb]jn] u?8gf/fo0f¿kL gf/fo0f lgdf{0f u/L eGg] r9fPsf] s'/f ToxfF /x]sf lznfkqaf6 k'li6 x'G5 . To;kl5 /fhf lji0f'u'KtnfO{ slnut ;+jt\ ##*# df rfFu'gf/fo0fn] To; 7fpFdf ;ft;o a:g] a:tL a;fpg ;kgfdf eg] adf]lhd a:tL a;fnL k"hf–cfhf ug{ yfn] . dNn /fhfx¿n] klg dlGb/sf] hL0ff]{4f/ u/L ;]jf u/] . To:t} u/]/ g]=;+= *!$ df /fhf e"kfn]Gb| dNnsL cfdfn] dlGb/ hL0ff]{¢f/ u/L tf]/0f xfnL sf]6Lxf]d ;d]t nufPsf] s'/f lznfn]vaf6 :ki6 x'G5 . To;sf] !) jif{kl5 g]=;+= *@$ df e"kfn]Gb|sf] ;flns agfO{ rfFu'gf/fo0f dlGb/ cufl8 :yfkgf u/]sL lyOg\ . Tof] clxn] klg ljBdfg 5 .

csf]{ hgljZjf; s] /x]sf] 5 eg] eujfgsf] lznfaf6 pTkGg x'g] kl;gf z/L/df nufPsf ;k{n] 6f]Sbf ljif nfUb}g / rfFu'gf/fo0fsf] dlGb/sf] uh'/n] b]v];Dd gfu / ;k{n] 6f]s] klg ljif nfUb}g eGg] hgljZjf; /x]sf] 5 .

rfFu'gf/fo0fsf] hfqf x/]s jif{sf] df3 dlxgfdf nfUb5 . zfnLgbLsf] lsgf/df Ps 5fs vfO{ gf/fo0fsf] d"lt{nfO{ dfwj gf/fo0fsf] gfdn] k"hf ug]{ rng 5 . cGTodf pQm d"lt{nfO{ sf7df8f}+sf] xg'dfg9f]sf;Dd k'¥ofpg] k|rng 5 .

rfFu'gf/fo0f ;DaGwdf csf]{ syfM rfFu'gf/fo0f eujfg kf/;dl0fsf] ¿kdf cjtl/t ePsf lyP . To; ;dodf h'g;'s} wft'nfO{ d"lt{df 5'jfP klg ;'gdf kl/0ft x'GYof] . Pslbg k'hf/Ln] w]/} ;'g k|fKt ug]{ p2]Zon] d"lt{ g} km'6fpg vf]Hbf eujfg l/;fP/ efUg yfn] . ;f] s'/f yfxf kfPsf tflGqsn] 3/df k|of]u u/]sf efF8f af6f]df km'6fPdf eujfg gefUg] a'emL To;} u/], Tof] af6f]df efF8f km'6fpg] rng cBflk 5Fb}5 .

—lvdfgGb cfrfo{

d:sf] Oltxf;sf] hLjGt w/f]x/ xg'dfg 9f]sf b/af/

sf7df8f}+ pkTosfsf] dNn /fHonfO{ ljv08g u/L oIf dNnsf dflxnf 5f]/f /Tg dNnn] sflGtk'/ /fHosf] :yfkgf -lj=;+=!%$!_ u/]kl5 zfxj+zLo /fhf k[YjL jL/ ljqmdsf] ;do;Dd /fhfk|;fbsf ¿kdf /x]sf] xg'dfg 9f]sf b/af/sf] lgdf{0f sfo{ Pp6} /fhfsf] ;dodf k"/f ePsf] xf]Og . of] b/af/sf] jt{dfg :j¿k tof/ x'g sl/a rf/;o jif{ nfu]sf] a'l´g cfPsf] 5 . of] /fhb/af/df dNnsfnLg / zfxsfnLg ejg / snfs[lt /x]sf 5g\ . t/ o; k"j{ klg o; If]qdf lnR5jLsfndf blIf0f /fhs'n -/fhb/af/_ /x]sf] s'/f ljleGg cGj]if0faf6 k'li6 x'g cfPaf6 o; If]qsf] k|frLgtf l;4 x'g cfpF5 . clxn] klg xg'dfg9f]sf b/af/df leTofOg] rfFu'gf/fo0fsf] hfqf o; If]qdf k|fKt s]xL P]ltxfl;s ;fdu|Laf6 of] b/af/sf] k|frLgtf k'li6 x'g cfPsf] 5 . o; If]qdf k|frLgsfnLg ejg / snfs[lt clxn] xfdLn] b]Vg gkfpFbf To;a]nfsf] b/af/ s:tf] lyof] eGg ;lsPsf] 5}g .

h;/L ljleGg cGj]if0faf6 of] If]qsf] k|frLgtf k'li6 x'gcfPsf] 5 To;/L g} of] b/af/sf] If]qflwsf/ clxn]eGbf klxn] lgs} Jofks /x]sf] a'l´g cfPsf] 5 . xfnsf] lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no, g]kfn a}+s, ljzfn ahf/, OGb|rf]s of] b/af/sf] If]qleq kYof]{ . !(() ;fnsf] dxfe"sDk kZrft\ h'4 ;8ssf] lgdf{0fkl5 oL If]qx¿ of] b/af/sf] If]qflwsf/af6 aflx/ kg{uPsf] ljrf/ uf}tdah| ah|frfo{n] cfˆgf] k':ts xg'dfg9f]sf /fhb/af/df JoQm ug'{ePsf] 5 . s]xL P]ltxfl;s ;fdu|Lx¿df xg'dfg9f]sf /fhb/af/leq #% rf]s / k6flËgL ePsf] pNn]v x'g' / clxn] sl/a Psbh{g rf]sdfq cl:tTjdf /x]af6 klg klxn] of] b/af/ xfnsf] eGbf 7"nf] If]qdf km}lnPsf] a'l´g cfpF5 . To;}u/L, klxn] s'df/Lrf]s -s'df/L 3/_ of] b/af/s} Ps rf]sdf u0fgf x'GYof] t/ clxn] of] 3/ aLraf6 af6f] ag]sf]n]  b/af/af6 cNnu /xg uPaf6 klg h'4 ;8ssf] lgdf{0f;Fu} of] b/af/n] cfˆgf] y'k|} If]q u'dfpg k'u]sf] a'l´g cfpF5 .

wfld{s, ;fdflhs, ;f+:s[lts, jf:t'snf, P]ltxfl;s Pjd\ /fhgLlts b[li6sf]0fn] hLjGt dxTjk"0f{ dflgPsf] of] /fhb/af/ k|frLgsfndf blIf0f /fhs'n, To;kl5 k|tfk dNnsf] ;do;Dd …u'g kf]Ú / k|tfk dNnkl5 xg'dfg9f]sfsf] gfdn] k|l;4 /x]sf] 5 . k|tfk dNnn] lj=;+= !&@( df of] b/af/sf] d"n9f]sf cl3 xg'dfgsf d"lt{ :yfkgf u/]kl5 o;nfO{ xg'dfg9f]sf /fhb/af/ eGg yflnPsf] xf] .

of] b/af/ clxn] /fhsLo jf;:yfgsf] ¿kdf 5|||}g t/ klg oxL b/af/df /fHof/f]x0f / /fHofleif]s ;df/f]x cfof]hgf ul/G5 . of] b/af/df k|frLgb]lv cfw'lgs sfn;Ddsf ljljw ;fF:s[lts k/Dk/fx¿ ;DkGg ul/G5 . o;} sf/0f o;nfO{ g]kfnL ;f+:s[lts k/Dk/fsf] s]Gb|laGb' / hLjGt b/af/ dflgPsf] 5 .

ljz'4 g]kfnL jf:t'snf z}nL / klZrdL z}nLsf] ;ld>0f b]Vg kfOg] of] b/af/df vf;u/L /f0ff k|wfgdGqL hËaxfb'/ / rGb| zdz]/sf] ;dodf klZrdL z}nLsf] k|j]z ePaf6 oxfFsf sltko ejgx¿ ;f]xL z}nLaf6 k|efljt eO{ lgdf{0f ePsf] b]Vg kfOG5 . bfvrf]ssf] k"j{pQ/ / gf;nrf]ssf] klZrdL nªdf /x]sf] ejg -hËaxfb'/åf/f agfpg nufOPsf]_ / ul2a}7s -rGb| zdz]/åf/f lj=;+= !(^% df lgdf{0f ug{ nufOPsf]_ klZrdL z}nLdf lgdf+{0f ul/Psf 5g\ .

of] b/af/df #% rf]s /x]sf] s'/f P]ltxfl;s ;fdu|Ldf pNn]v kfOG5 . oxL b/af/df /x]sf] lx6Lrf]snfO{ k|tfk dNnn] cfˆgf] /fhsLo af;:yfg agfPsf] a'l´g cfPsf] 5 tfklg clxn] oxfF lx6Lrf]s b]Vg kfOFb}g . nfdf] ;dosf] lgdf{0f sfo{kl5 jt{dfg :j¿kdf cfPsf] of] /fhb/af/sf] If]q ljleGg sf/0fn] ;°'rg x'g k'u]sf] / oxL qmddf oxfF /x]sf y'k|} rf]sx¿sf] cl:tTj d]l6g uPsf] x'g;S5 . jt{dfgdf of] /fhb/af/df em08} Ps bh{g rf]sdfq /x]sf 5g\ . tL rf]sdf ljleGg snfn] ;'zf]let ljleGg ejgx¿ /x]sf 5g\ .

xfn >L % dxf/fhflw/fhsf /fhsLo ;DklQ sf]if ljefucGtu{t /x]sf] >L % dxf/fhflw/fhsf xg'dfg9f]sf /fhb/af/sf] If]qkmn @)#$.)#% sf] gfkLsf] lkmN8a'ssf] /]s8{cg';f/ $$ /f]kgL !# cfgf ) -z"Go_ k};f tLg bfd /x]sf] 5 -gfkL clws[t gfu]Gb| emf gfkL zfvf, l8NnLahf/_ xg'dfg9f]sf /fhb/af/df xfn cl:tTjdf /x]sf rf]sx¿ o;k|sf/ 5g\

gf;nrf]sM cfoftfsf/df /x]sf] o; rf]ssf] k"jL{ nªdf gf6\o]Zj/sf] b]an /x]sf] sf/0f o;nfO{ gf;nrf]s elgPsf] xf] . o;sf] lgdf{0f k|tfk dNnsf] kfnfdf ePsf] lyof] . xg'dfg9f]sf b/af/sf] d"nu]6af6 leq k;]kl5 cfpg] klxnf] rf]s gf;nrf]s xf] . oxL rf]sdf >L % x¿sf] /fHof/f]x0f / /fHofleif]s ;df/f]x ul/G5 . gf;nrf]s ;z'Ns ;j{;fwf/0fn] cjnf]sg ug{ kfpF5g\ . of] rf]ssf] k"j{df d"nrf]s, k"j{ blIf0fdf nf]+xrf]s, pQ/df df]xgrf]s / klZrddf bfvrf]s / nfdf]rf]s /x]sf 5g\ .

d"nrf]sM dx]Gb| dNnn] agfpg nufPsf] d"nrf]sdf tflGqs ljlw cg';f/ lgTo ljleGg b]jLb]jtfsf] d"n k"hf ul/G5 . oxL sf/0f o;sf] gfd d"nrf]s /x]sf] egfO 5 . dNnsfndf of] rf]sdf /fHofleif]s ;df/f]xsf ;fy} dxTjk"0f{ /fhgLlts, ;fdflhs, wfld{s sfo{x¿ ;DkGg ul/Gy] . bz}+df of] rf]sdf /x]sf] tn]h'sf] k"hf ljleGg aln;fy ul/G5 . bz}+sf] gjdL ltlydf of] rf]ssf] ;j{;fwf/0fn] cjnf]sg ug{ kfpF5g\ .

df]xgrf]sM k|tfk dNnåf/f lgdf{0f ug{ nufOPsf] of] rf]s dNn /fhfx¿sf] d"n jf;:yfg lyof] . dNnsfndf of] rf]sdf hlGdPsf o'[j/fhf dfq /fhf x'g kfpF5g\ eGg] nf]sdfGotf lyof] . hok|sfz dNn of] rf]sdf ghlGdPsf]n] pgL /fhf aGbf ef/bf/n] lvrnf] pTkGg u/]sf lyP . of] rf]sdf s[i0fsf] hLjgnLnf;Fu ;DalGwt y'k|} d"lt{ /x]sf] / pgnfO{ df]xg klg elgg] ePsf] cfwf/df o;sf] gfd df]xgrf]s /x]sf] egfO 5 . csf]{ egfO cg';f/ df]xgsfnL elgg] ci6dft[Tjsfsf d"lt{ oxfF :yfkgf ul/Psf]n] ;f]xL cfwf/df o;sf] gfd df]xgsfnL /x]sf] xf] .

nf]+x rf]sM rf/}lt/ 9'Ëf 5flkPsf]n] o;sf] gfd nf]+x rf]s /xg uPsf] xf] . oxL rf]sdf gf}tn] b/af/ klg /x]sf]n] o;nfO{ a;Gtk'/rf]s klg elgG5 . of] rf]szfxsfndf -k[YjLgf/fo0f zfx / k|tfk l;+xsf]_ ag]sf] atfOG5 . o; rf]sdf ag]sf] gf}tn] b/af/ / of] b/af/sf] t];|f] tNnfsf /x]sf] >L % lqe'jg :d[lt ;ª\u|xfno ;j{;fwf/0fsf nflu ;Mz'Ns v'Nnf /flvPsf] 5 .

d;fgrf]sM dNnsfndf o; rf]sdf /fhfx¿sf] bfx;+:sf/ ul/g] ePsf]n] o;sf] gfd d;fgrf]s /xg uPsf] eGg] nf]swf/0ff 5 . o;nfO{ sGx]xf]n rf]saf6 klg lrlgG5 . uf}tdjh| ah|frfo{sf cg';f/, oxfF k|z:t dfqfdf s/jL/ km"n /x]sf] / g]jf/L efiffdf s/jL/ km"nnfO{ sGx]xf]n elgg] ePsf]n] o;sf] gfd sGx]xf]n rf]s /xg uPsf] xf] . of] rf]s klg dNnsfndf ag]sf] xf] .

bfvrf]sM oxfF bfvsf] af]6 ePsf]n] ;f]xL cfwf/df o;sf] gfd bfvrf]s /xg uPsf] xf] . of] rf]s zfxsfnLg dflgPsf] 5 . of] rf]sdf /x]sf ;a} snfs[lt zfxsfnLg /x]sf 5g\ .

nfdf]rf]sM nfDrf] ePsf] cfwf/df o;nfO{ nfdf]rf]s -nfdrf]s_ elgPsf] egfO 5 . bfvrf]ssf] blIf0fL efudf cjl:yt of] rf]ssf] klZrdkl§ Gx'R5]+rf]s /x]sf] 5 . of] rf]s klg zfxsfndf lgdf{0f ul/Psf] s'/f >L xg'dfg9f]sf /fhb/af/sf k|d'v t]h/Tg tfd|fsf/ atfpg' x'G5 .

Gx'R5]+rf]sM dNnsfndf lgdf{0f ul/Psf] of] rf]sdf /x]sf ejgx¿ zfxsfnLg /x]sf 5g\ . k'/fgf ejgsf] 7fpFdf gofF 3/ agfpg] qmddf o:tf] ePsf] xf] . elgG5 ,oxL rf]sdf /x]sf] 9f]sfaf6 k[YjLgf/fo0f zfx xg'dfg9f]sf /fhb/af/df klxnf]k6s k|j]z u/]sf lyP . Gx'R5]+b]jLsf] dlGb/ ePsf] cfwf/df o;sf] gfdfs/0f Gx'R5]+rf]s ul/Psf] atfOG5 .

lqz"nrf]sM xg'dfg9f]sf /fhb/af/df /x]sf] tn]h' ejfgLsf] eJo dlGb/ o;} rf]sdf /x]sf] 5 . of] dlGb/ dx]Gb| dNnn] agfpg nufPsf x'g\ . ejfgLsf] d"n c:q lqz"n /x]sf]n] o;sf] gfdfs/0f lqz"nrf]s /xg uPsf] egfO 5 . of] dlGb/ -tn]h'_ bz}+sf] dxfgjdLsf] lbg ;j{;fwf/0fsf nflu v'Nnf /xG5 . tn]h' ejfgLsf] of] eJo dlGb/sf] lgdf{0f lj=;++ !^@) df ePsf] lyof] . of] rf]s klg dNnsfndf lgdf{0f ul/Psf] lyof] .

sfnLobdgM k|tfk dNnåf/f lgdf{0f ug{ nufOPsf] of] rf]sdf sfnLobdgsf] cfsif{s d"lt{ /x]sf]n] o;} cfwf/df o;sf] gfd sfnLobdg rf]s /xg uPsf] egfO 5 . of] rf]snfO{ ;'Gb/rf]ssf] gfdaf6 klg lrlgG5 . ;fgf] t/ lgs} cfsif{s ePsf]n] o;nfO{ ;'Gb/rf]s klg elgG5 .

ljleGg b[li6sf]0fn] dxTjk"0f{ dflgPsf], ljleGg snfs[ltsf] ;ld>0f /x]sf] of] /fhb/af/sf] cjnf]sg ug{ kfpg] cj;/af6 ;j{;fwf/0f al~rt /xg' b'Mvsf] s'/f dfGg'kb{5 . of] b/af/sf] gu0o efu dfq clxn] ;j{;fwf/0fnfO{ ;Mz'Ns cjnf]sg ug]{ cj;/ 5 . ljleGg lx;fan] hLjGt dflgPsf] of] /fhb/af/sf] cjnf]sg ;j{;fwf/0fn] ug{kfpg] Joj:yf ldnfOPdf oxfFleq n's]/ /x]sf s'/fx¿ k|sfzdf cfpg] lyP / b/af/sf] dxTj cem} a9]/ hfg] lyof] . ;ª\u|xfno h:t} ag]sf] of] /fhb/af/nfO{ kbf{leq /flv/xg'nfO{ ca plrt 7fGg ;lsFb}g . o;tkm{ ;Da4 kIfsf] Wofg k'Ug' h?/L b]lvPsf] 5 .

—eLd/fh cof{n

| cfj/0f kl/ro || :jf:Yo || hfgsf/L || ;DkfbsLo || km"n Jofkf/ || g]tf dgdf]xg|| wd{ |
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