/]l8of] g]kfn afx]s !! PkmPd /]l8of] rfn"

d'n'sdf k|hftGq :yfkgf ePkl5 @))* ;fn r}t @) ut] :yfkgf ePsf] /]l8of] g]kfn PSn}n] ´G8} %) jif{ ;Dk"0f{ >f]tfsf] lrQ a'´fpFb} cfPsf]df ca /]l8of] g]kfnafx]s yk !! PkmPd :6];gn] >f]tfx¿sf] rfxgf k"/f ug]{ k|oTg ub}{5g\ . Pp6} /]l8of] xf], t/ p slxn] PPd-Pl6Ro"6 df]8'n];g_ af6 af]ln/x]sf] x'G5 eg] slxn] PkmPd cyf{t\\ lk|mSj]G;L df]8'n];gaf6 .

sfgn] ;'Gg] Wjlg (Audio) cfkm}+df 6f9f–6f9f hfg ;Sb}g . To:tf] Wjlg /]l8of] lk|mSj]G;Ldfkm{t 6f9f–6f9f;Dd hfg ;S5g\ – h;/L Pp6f dflg; uf8Laf6 6f9f–6f9f hfg ;S5 . To;}nfO{ df]8'n];g elgG5 . df]8'n];g b'O{ lsl;dsf 5g\ – PPd / PkmPd .

df]8'n];gsf] sfd cfjfhnfO{ af]s]/ lglZrt :yfg;Dd k'¥ofpg' xf] . df]8'n];gsf] leGgtfcg';f/ To;n] km/s–km/s lsl;dn] cfjfh af]s]/ lx+8\g] u5{ . km/s–km/s ;jf/Lsf ;fwgn] km/s–km/s cg'ej / ultdf ofqf ;DkGg u/] h:t} .

/]l8of] tyf 6]lnlehg af]8{sfli6Ë P08 l/l;leË ljz]if1 g]kfnsf k|ltli7t ;fp08 Ol~hlgo/ k|bLk pkfWofo df]8'n];gnfO{ s]a'nsf/;Fu t'ngf ug'{x'G5 . s]a'nsf/sf] af6f]df dfG5] cyf{t\ cfjfh :jo+ PSn} hfg ;Sb}g t/ s]a'nsf/df /x]sf] afs; cyf{t\ df]8'n];gdfkm{t lglZrt 7fpF;Dd k'¥ofpg ;lsG5 .

;fp08 /]sl8{Ë P08 ;fp08 Ol~hlgol/Ë -P;cf/P;O_ df :gfts ug'{ ePsf pkfWofo eGg'x'G5 – …PPddf kfj/ a9fpFb} hfFbf o;n] ck P08 8fpg -tndfly_ k|;f/0f ug]{ Ifdtf /fVb5 . o; cGtu{t cfjfh 8fF8fsfF8f r9\b} ToxfFaf6 ´/]/ k'gM 8fF8fsfF8f r9\b} ug{;S5 . cyf{t\ o; cGtu{t cfjfhx¿ 7"nf] kxf8sf] k5fl8 klg ;'Gg ;lsG5 . t/ PkmPddf lk|mSj]G;L a9fpFb} hfFbf klg cfjfh l;4fGtt M To;/L ck P08 8fpg ub}{ k|jflxt x'g ;Sb}g . of] ;fOt nfOg ofg] cfFvfn] b]Vg] u/L ;f]´f] lbzfdf axG5 . o:t}, kl/0ffdn] ubf{ /]l8of] g]kfnaf6 k|;f/0f ePsf sfo{qmdx¿ clw/fHoe/ ;'Gg ;lsG5 h'g PPd k|0ffnLaf6 k|;f/0f x'Fb} cfPsf] 5 . t/ PkmPd k|0ffnL Gtu{t rn]sf :6];gsf sfo{qmdx¿ To;/L 6f9f6f9f hfg g;Sg] dfq xf]Og glhs} eP klg cUnf] 8fF8fsf] k5fl8 klg To:tf sfo{qmd ;'Gg ;lsFb}g . of] :yfgLo :6];g k|0ffnLsf] x'G5 . PPd cGtu{t nª\ j]e, ;6{j]e, ldl8od j]eaf6 k|;f/0f ug{ ;lsG5 . PkmPd ldl8od j]esf] k|lt:yfkgsf] nflu agfOPsf] xf] .

jl/i7 ;fp08 Ol~hlgo/ pkfWofosf cg';f/, nª\ j]e cGtu{t ;d'b|L hxfh;Dd s'/fsfgL ug{ ;lsG5 . cyf{t\\ of] nfdf] b"/L;Dd km}ng] Ifdtfsf] x'G5 eg] ;6{j]e 7"nf7"nf 6«fG;ld;gaf6 s]xL lglZrt:yfg;Dd k|;f/0f ug]{ Ifdtfsf] x'G5 . PPd / PkmPdsf] csf]{ leGgtf s] klg pNn]vgLo 5 eg] PPddf /]l8of] ;'Gbf cgfjZos cfjfh h:t} r§ofËsf] cfjfh ;'lgg ;S5 t/ PkmPddf eg] To:tf] cfjfh ;'lgFb}g .

;fwf/0ftof PkmPdsf] k|;f/0f x'g] If]q To;sf] 6«fG;ld6/ kfj/ / PlG6gfsf] prfOn] lgwf{/0f u5{ . Ol~hlgo/ pkfWofosf cg'';f/, s/La bz af6 6«fG;ld6/ kfj/nfO{ Ps;o lkm6sf] cUnf] PlG6gfdfkm{t k|;f/0f ug]{ xf] eg] Ps lsnf]ld6/sf] If]q;Dd k|;f/0f ug{ ;lsG5 .

cGt/f{li6«o 6]lnsDo'lgs];g o'lg6n] PkmPd k|;f/0f ug{ ** b]lv !)* d]ufxh{ 5'§ofPsf] 5 . ;a} PkmPd ToxL leqaf6 k|;f/0f x'g'k5{ . of] ljZjJofkL lgoGq0f g} xf] . x/]s b]zsf PkmPdx¿ ** b]lv !)* d]ufxh{leqdf o'lg6af6 dfq k|;f/0f x'g;S5g\ .

g]kfndf k|hftGqsf] k'g:yf{kgf ePkl5 ;+ljwfgåf/f k|bQ clwsf/ k|Tofe"t ug]{ qmddf /fli6«o gLlt @)$( n] ;/sf/sf] Psnf}6L :jfldTjdf /x]sf] k|;f/0f sfo{sf nflu lghL If]qnfO{ klg ;+nUg u/fpg] gLlt lnPkl5 ;f] P]g cGtu{t /fli6«o k|;f/0f lgodfjnL @)%@ cGtu{t xfn;Dd !* j6f PkmPd k|;f/0f ;+:yfnfO{ :jLs[lt lbPsf] 5 . sf7df8f}+ pkTosfdf dfq cf7j6f To:tf PkmPd ;+:yfx¿ :yfkgf eO;s]sf 5g\ .

clw/fHoe/ :jLs[lt k|fKt !* j6f PkmPd /]l8of]x¿dWo] xfn;Dd ;ft j6fn] ;]jf ;'? ul//x]sf] 5g\ eg] rf/j6fn] k/LIf0f k|;f/0f / ;ftj6fn] k|;f/0f ug{ afFsL g} /x]sf] kfOPsf] 5 .

;"rgf tyf ;~rf/ dGqfnoaf6 pknAw u/fOPsf] tYofÍ cg';f/, xfn;Dd ;~rfng cg'dlt kfPsf PkmPd /]l8of] ;~rfnsx¿n] ;aeGbf a9L bzxhf/ 6«fG;ld6/ kfj/sf] cg'dlt lnPsf 5g\ . pQm cg'dlt sflGtk'/ PkmPd -k"jf{~rn_ n] lnPsf] 5 . To;}u/L, Psxhf/ jf6 6«fG;dL6/ kfj/ b'O{j6f sDkgLn], kfFr;o cf7j6fn], Ps;o rf/j6f, b'O{;o krf; b'O{j6f sDkgL / b'O{;o jf6 6«fG;ld6/ kfj/ Psj6f sDkgLn] u/L !* j6f sDkgLn] k|;f/0f Ifdtfsf] cg'dlt lnO;s]sf 5g\ .

xfn;Dd clw/fHoe/ s/La %^ j6f PkmPd sDkgLx¿n] k|;f/0f cg'dltsf] nflu ;"rgf tyf ;~rf/ dGqfnodf cfj]bg btf{ u/fPsf] kfOPsf] 5 .

g]kfndf k|;f/0fsf] klxnf] Oltxf; af]s]sf] /]l8of] g]kfnn] g} PkmPd k|;f/0fsf] klg klxnf] Oltxf; :yfkgf u/]sf] 5 . /]l8of] g]kfnn] @)%@.&.#) b]lv PkmPd k|;f/0f ;]jf ;'? u/]/ ;DalGwt dGqfnoaf6 @)%@.!).@* ut] k|;f/0fsf] cg'dlt k|fKt u/]sf] lyof] . xfn pQm /]l8of]n] laxfg % ah]b]lv a]n'sL ( ah];Dd ;]jf ;~rfng ;dosf] cg'dlt k|fKt u/]sf] 5 .

lghL If]qaf6 klxnf] k6s :yfkgf x'g] Oltxf; /]l8of] ;u/dfyfnfO{ hfG5 . h'g /]l8of] !)@=$ d]ufxh{af6 xfn b}lgs !@ 306f / zlgjf/ eg] !* 306f;Dd sfo{qmd ;~rfng x'Fb} cfPsf] eP klg ;f] /]l8of]n] @$ 306f k|;f/0fsf] cg'dlt k|fKt u/]sf] 5 . ;f] /]l8of]n] @)%$.@.% df k|;f/0f cg'dlt k|fKtu /L ;f]xL lbgb]lv k|;f/0f cf/De u/]sf] lyof] .

/]l8of] g]kfnaf6 ljutdf ;~rfng u/]sf] PkmPd xfn Snfl;s PkmPdaf6 ;~rfng x'Fb} cfPsf] 5 . pQm PkmPdn] /]l8of] g]kfn;Fu xfn !* 306f ;do lsg]/ pQm sfo{qmd ;~rfng ub{} cfPsf] xf] .

g]kfnsf b'u{d If]qdf ;6{ j]eaf6 k|;f/0f u/fpFbf cfjfh :ki6 gx'g] -:ofF ss ug]{h:tf_ ;d:ofn] xfn /]l8of] g]kfnn] h'Dnf pkTosfsf] nflu !)# d]ufxh{af6 %) jf6sf] Ifdtfsf] PkmPd rnfpFb} cfPsf] 5 .

/]l8of] g]kfnsf lrkm OlGhlgo/ /fdz/0f sfsL{sf cg';f/ /]l8of] g]kfnn] le:of6 k|ljlwdfkm{t :of6nfO6df cfjfh k'¥ofP/ ToxfFsf] l/l;leË :6];gaf6 h'Dnf pkTosfsf] nflu cfjfhsf t/Ë kmfNg] u5{ h'g cfjfhnfO{ ToxfFaf6 k'gM k|;f/0f ul/g] ul/Psf] 5 .

>L sfsL{sf cg';f/ – /]l8of] g]kfn :yfkgfsf] %) jif{sf] pknIodf h'Dnfdf :yfkgf ul/Psf] PkmPd :6];g h:t} cfufdL jif{df s~rgk'/, bfË, ¿kGb]xL, lrtjg / af/fsf qmdzM emhf/L, lahf}/L, a'6jn / lhtk'/df klg PkmPd :6];gx¿ :yfkgf ug]{ nIo ;f] :+:yfn] lnPsf] 5 .

/]l8of] g]kfnsf] sfo{qmdx¿eGbf PkmPd /]l8of]x¿åf/f k|;fl/t sfo{qmdx¿ a9L dgf]/~hgfTds / ;"rgfd"ns ePsfn] >f]tfx¿sf] cfsif{0f Totflt/ 9Ns]sf] kfOPsf] 5 . pgLx¿sf cg';f/, uLt;ËLt ;~rfnsx¿;Fu k|ToIf enfs';f/L ug{ kfOg] / xfF;Ldhfsk"0f{ k|:t'ltn] ubf{ klg PkmPdk|lt vf;u/L o'jfju{sf] cfsif{0f pNn]Vo kfOPsf] 5 .

t/, PkmPd sfo{qmdsf k|:t'lt lgQfGt lghL ukmufkmn] ubf{ j[4k':tf dfq xf]Og :jo+ sltko o'jfx¿n] klg To:tf] k|:t'ltnfO{ ;xh¿kdf lng ;ls/x]sf 5}gg\ . wfkf;Lsf o'js 3gZofd pk|]tL pbfx/0f lb+b} eG5g\ – æd ;Ltf -gfd sfNklgs_ /flt !@ ah];Dd tkfO{+x¿sf ;fy /xG5'Æ eGg]h:tf dlxnf pb\3f]lifsfsf] k|:t'lt clns kfRo x'Fb}g . Æ

>f]tf;Fu ul/Psf] s'/fsfgLsf] k|ToIf k|;f/0f ug'{kg]{ ePsfn] PkmPd /]l8of] ;~rfng ug'{kbf{ s]xL r'gf}tL Joxf]g'{k/]sf] cg'ej To:tf sfo{qmdsf ;~rfns;Fu /x]sf] kfOPsf] 5 . dfgjLo ;d:of h:t} vf]sL, xfR5\o'F b]lv >f]tfx¿n] ug]{ cgfjZos k|Zg / k|:t'lt lgoGq0f ug{ ;d:of x'g] s'/f PkmPd ;~rfnsx¿n] atfPsf 5g\ .

PkmPdn] lglZrt If]qdf eP klg cfˆgf s]xL >f]tfx¿ tof/ ug]{ ePsfn] To;dfkm{t cToGt lghL / j}olQms s'/fsfgL k|;f/0f ug{ gx'g] s'/f s]xL >f]tfx¿n] atfPsf 5g\ . ;"rgf tyf ;~rf/ dGqfnon] klg o:tf lghL s'/fsfgL ug]{ k/Dk/fnfO{ abNg' kg]{ cfjZostf dx;'; u/]sf] 5 . dGqfnosf cg';f/ PkmPdx¿sf] sfo{qmdnfO{ Jojl:yt / kfRo agfpg x/]s PkmPd sfo{qmd agfpFbf dGqfnosf] k|ltlglw;d]t /xg'kg]{ Joj:yf u/]sf] 5 . t/ sltko k|;Ëdf PkmPdx¿af6 k|;f/0f ul/Psf ;fdu|Lx¿ :jo++ dGqfnonfO{ ;d]t kfRo gePsf] cg'ej 5 .

eflifs q'l6 csf]{ Pp6f 7"nf] ;d:ofsf] ¿kdf /x]sf] kfOPsf] 5 . zAb ;+of]hg jfSo u7g h:tf kIfsf dfq geP/ cy{sf] cgy{ x'g] of k|;Ë} gldNg] cleJolQm klg ;'lgg] u/]sf] 5 .

s]xL PkmPdx¿df cTolws lj1fkgsf] k|;f/0f x'g] u/]sf] atfpFb} To:tf lj1fkgaf6 x'g] cfDbfgLsf] kf/blz{tf x'g'kg]{ PkmPd /]l8of] >f]tfx¿n] cf}NofPsf 5g\ .

sfo{qmd k|;f/0f ug]{ JolQm jf ;+:yfn] cfkm"n] sdfPsf] s'n /sddWo] rf/ k|ltzt /sd ;/sf/nfO{ s/ ltg'{kg]{ Joj:yf eP klg dGqfno ;"qn] lbPsf] hfgsf/Lcg';f/ xfn;Dd PkmPd /]l8of] ;+:yfx¿n] To:tf] /sd a'´fPsf] kfOPsf] 5}g\ . csf]{tkm{ cfDbfgL slt xf] eg]/ /]vb]v ug]{ ;/sf/L ;+oGq klg 5}g . To;n] ubf{ PkmPd ;+:yfn] hlt b]vfPsf] 5 Tolt g} To;sf] …s'nÚ cfDbfgL x'g] ePsf] 5 .

t/, PkmPd ;+:yfsf Joj:yfksLo kIf eg] PkmPddf ul/g] vr{nfO{ wfGg;Sg] Ifdtf gePsf] atfpFb} cfDbfgLsf] ;Dk"0f{ ;|f]t g} lj1fkg / s]xL ;do k|fof]lht ug'{ /x]sf] pNn]v u5{g\ . ;a} PkmPdx¿ gfkmf sdfpg] p2]Zon] dfq :yfkgf x'Fb}gg\ eGb} /]l8of] ;u/dfyfn] cfkm"nfO{ ljz'4¿kn] gfkmf gsdfpg] PkmPdsf kl/eflift u/]sf] 5, t/ dGqfno ;"qsfcg';f/ gfkmf sdfpg] / gsdfpg] PkmPdaLr xfn leGgtf g/x] klg cGo b]zsf] cg'ejdf To:tf] ljefhg x'g cfjZos 5 .

gfkmf gsdfpg] p2]Zon] :yflkt ;fd'bflos PkmPdx¿n] s;/L rf/ k|ltzt /f]oN6L ltg{ ;S5g\ < sf7df8f}+df ;~rflnt Ps PkmPdsf ;~rfns k|Zg ug'{x'G5 . Jofkfl/s / ;fd'bflos PkmPdaLr leGgtf x'g'k5{ – pxfF :ki6 kfg{' x'G5 .PkmPd /]l8of] k|;f/0f M jt{dfg cj:yf -@)%&.!@.!% ut] ;Ddsf]_

lqe'jgrGb| jfUn]]]]
;|f]tM ;"rgf tyf ;~rf/ dGqfno

´08fsf] Oltxf; / dxTj

ktfsf, Wjh -´08f_ oz k|lti7f tyf cf:yfsf] k|tLs xf] . s'g} /fhfsf] nflu Wjh -´08f_ p;sf] zfg, /fHof]Tsif{ / ;j{:jsf] lrGx x'G5 . o;}u/L, wdf{otgf] - d7, dlGb/ tyf ljleGg wd{sf] k"hf, cf/fwgfdf_ km/km/fPsf] ´08f cnu–cnu cf:yf / cl:tTjsf] kl/rfos x'G5 . ´08f /fHo, ;d"x jf hftLo prfOsf] lgzfg xf] hf] cfsfzdf km/km/fP/ cfˆgf] pTs[i6tfsf] 3f]if0ff ub{5 ´08fdf clÍt lrGx dggLo clek|fon] cGtlx{t x'G5 .

ktfsf, Wjh -´08f_ sf] hGd d"ntM cr{gf Pjd\ o'4sf] ;fy ePsf] xf] . ljZjsf] ;a}eGbf k'/fgf] u|Gy CUj]bdf o:tf] egfO 5 hxfF ;ª\u|fd -o'4_ sf] d}bfglt/ cl3 al9/x]sf jL/x¿sf] km/km/fPsf] ´08fk|lt kl/nlIot 5 .

plQi7t ;gb[oWje'bf/f M s]t'le M ;x ;kf{ Oh/hgf /If:;ldqfhg' wfjt . cy{j]bdf lnlvt oL kª\lQmdf hfu/0fsf] z+v km'Sb} ´08f;lxt o'4df hfg / ;k{ h:t} s'l6n tyf /fIf;sf] ;dfg qm"/ zq'dfly wfjf af]Ng cfXjfg ub{5 .

ktfsf, Wjh, ´08f JolQmTjsf] cn+s/0f / t]h:jLsf] t]h xf] . ;"o{sf] ´08f p;sf] ls/0f xf] h;sf] an dfly p ljZjnfO{ pb\efl;t ub}{ zf]let x'G5 . o; efjnfO{ JoQm ub{5 oh'j]{bsf] of] dGq – pb'To+ hftj]b;+ b]j jlxlGt s]tjM . b[zf] ljZjfo ;"o{d\ .

dxfef/tsf] o'4df cg]s lrGxdo ´08f kfOG5 . b'of]{wgsf] ;'j0f{kl08t Wjhdf dl0fdo uh/fh -xfQL_ sf] lrGx lyof] eg] b|f]0fsf] Wjhdf 36sf] lgzfg rDsGYof] . s0f{sf] sdn lrGxo'Qm Wjh, 36f]Tsrsf] klxof -/ysf] kfFu|f_ sf] lrGxn] ;lhPsf] Wjh / dxfk|tfkL eLidsf] ljzfn Wjhdf kfFr tf/fsf] ;fy tf8j[If clÍt lyof] . To:t} w[t/fi6«sf] Wjhdf j[If clÍt, jL/ afns cledGo'sf] Wjhdf zfu{kIfL / ch'{gsf] Wjhdf j[Ifsf] lrGx clÍt lyof] . o;/L g} dxfef/tsf] o'4sf] ;dodf cGo jL/x¿sf] klg cg]s k|sf/sf lrq / lrGxn] ;lhPsf Wjhx¿sf] pNn]v ePsf] kfOG5 . clxn];Dd Oltxf;df n]lvPsf] s'g} klg o'4df, c¿ s'g} wd{ u|Gydf / ;flxTodf st} klt dxfef/tsf] o'4df hlt w]/} ljleGg k|sf/sf lrGxn] ;lhPsf Wjhsf] pNn]v st} kfOFb}g .

ljleGg lsl;dsf ´08fx¿

* ;+;f/sf] ;a}eGbf k'/fgf] /fli6«o ´08f 8]gdfs{sf] /fli6«o ´08f xf] .

* ;Dk"0f{ ;]tf] efudf /ftf] /Ësf] qm; lrGx ePsf] ´08f /]8qm;sf] xf] .

* cfwf ´'s]sf] ´08fn] /fli6«o zf]s k/]sf] a'´fpF5 .

* pN6f] ´08fn] /fli6«o ljklQ a'´fpF5 .

* ;Dk"0f{ sfnf] /Ësf] ´08fn] lj/f]w hgfpF5 .

* ;Dk"0f{ /ftf] /Ësf] ´08fn] qmflGt hgfpF5 .

* ;Dk"0f{ gLnf] /Ësf] ´08fn] zflGt hgfpF5 .

* ;Dk"0f{ ;]tf] ´08fn] d}qL / cfTd;d{k0f hgfpF5 .

* ;Dk"0f{ kx]Fnf] ´08fn] ;ª\qmfds /f]u km}lnPsf] hgfpF5 .

clxn] klg ljZjsf ;Dk"0f{ /fi6«sf cf–cfˆgf /fli6«o ´08f 5g\ . k|To]s /fi6«sf] cfˆgf] ´08fdf clÍt lrGx / lgzfgLn] cfˆg} dxTj / e"ldsf af]s]sf] x'G5 . ljZjsf k|fo ;a} /fi6«sf, ;ª\3, ;+:yfsf] ´08fx¿ cfotfsf/df g} b]lvPsf 5g\ . ckjfbsf] ¿kdf g]kfnsf] /fli6«o ´08fsf] agf}6 cfotfsf/df geP/ b'O{ lqsf]0f hf]l8P/ ag]sf] 5 .

ef/tsf] /fli6«o ´08fsf] agf]6 cfotsf/ 5 . o;sf] dflyNnf] t];f]{ efu ;'Gtnf /Ësf] dWo efu ;]tf] ;Ësf] / lardf Pp6f rqm klg clGtd efudf gLnf] /Ën] ef/tsf] ´08f ;lhPsf] 5 . ef/tsf] /fli6«o ´08fnfO{ lq/Ëf elgG5 .

To:t} rLgsf] /fli6«o ´08f klg cfotsf/ g} 5 . ;Dk"0f{ l;ld|s /Ësf] e'O{Fdf cw{ j[Qfsf/ ¿kdf nx/} kfFr sf]0f ePsf] ;fgf ;]tf cfsf/df rf/ tf/f /x]sf 5g\ / l7s rf/ tf/fsf] cufl8 s]xL 7"nf] ;]tf] cfsf/df Pp6f csf]{ tf/f /x]sf] 5 .

o;/L ljZjsf ;Dk"0f{ /fi6«sf ´08fx¿df a]Unf–a]Un} lrGxx¿ clÍt 5g\ . g]kfnsf] /fli6«o ´08fsf] ;Gbe{df æg]kfnsf] ;+ljwfg @)$& sf] wf/f–%Æ df o;/L JofVof ul/Psf] 5 .

æg]kfnsf] /fli6«o ´08fnfO{ o; ;+ljwfgn] kl/jt{g u/]sf] 5}g cyf{t l;ld|s /Ësf] e'OF / uf9f gLnf] /Ësf] lsgf/f ePsf] b'O{ lqsf]0f clnslt hf]l8Psf], dflyNnf] efudf v'k]{ rGb|sf] aLrdf ;f]x|df cf7 sf]0f b]lvg] ;]tf] cfsf/ / tNnf] efudf afx| sf]0fo'Qm ;"o{sf] ;]tf] cfsf/ clÍt ePsf] k/Dk/fut ´08f g]kfnsf] /fli6«o ´08f dflgPsf] 5 .Æ

o'4sf] d}bfgdf ´08f sfl6g' clgi6 -cz'e_ / ´'Sg' cdËnsf/L dflgG5 . dxfef/tsf] b[li6df ´08fsf] s] dxTj lyof] eg] sf}/j bnsf] Ps ktfsf sfl6g'n] :ki6 x'G5 . ToxfF j]bJof;n] o;/L n]v]sf 5g\ – æsfl6P/ e'O{Fdf ´b}{ u/]sf] To; Wjhsf] ;fy} sf}/ax¿sf oz, k|lti7f, cledfg, ;d:t lk|o sfo{ tyf x[bosf] klg ktg eof] / rf/}tkm{ xfxfsf/ h'FuLof] .

To;}n] k|f0ff]T;u{ u/]/ eP klg of]4fn] cfˆgf] ´08fsf] /Iff ub{5g\ . cr{gf / o'4sf] ;fy hlGdPsf] Wjhf –ktfsf -´08f_ ot k|lti7f / cf:yfsf] k|tLs ag]sf] 5 / h;sf] /Iff of]4fn], hgtfn] cfˆgf] k|f0ff]T;u{ u/]/ klg ub{5g\ . of] k/Dk/f cfh klg cIf'00f /x]sf] 5 .

kbd lg/f}nf
kf8fx'ËL, ´fkf

g]kfns} ;aeGbf cUnf JolQm /fhg clwsf/L

/fhg clwsf/LnfO{ klxnf]k6s b]Vg] hf] sf]xL klg Psk6s cfZro{rlst geO{ /xg ;Sb}g . b]lv;s]sfx¿ pgLlt/ k'gM cfFvf gtGsfpg] sd} xf]nfg\ . lsgsl /fhg g]kfnsf ;DejtM xfn;Ddsf ;a}eGbf cUnf JolQm x'g\ .

;ft lkm6 tLg O~r cUnf /fhgnfO{ cfkm" g]kfns} ;aeGbf cUnf] JolQm ePsf]df v';L t nfU5, t/ slxn]sfxLF t lbSs klg nfUbf]/x]5 . k|foM 3/x¿df l5bf{ w]/} g} lgx'l/g' kg]{, uf8Ldf r9\bf em]Ng'kg]{ ;d:of / cfˆgf] hLpcg';f/sf] n'uf lsGg rxfg'{kbf{ eg] x'g;Dd lbSs nfU5 /] Û

:j= uËfk|;fb / :j= hudfofsf ;'k'q /fhg @)#% ;fndf vf]6fª lhNnfsf] dltd ljtf{df hlGdPsf x'g\ . xfn df]/ªsf] ao/jg ufFp ljsf; ;ldltsf] /dfOnf] lgjf;L /fhgsf kl/jf/ tyf cfkmGtx¿sf] prfO ;fdfGo g]kfnLsf] prfO ;/x g} /x]sf] 5 . /fhgsf cg';f/ hlGdbfb]lv g} pgsf] prfO s]xL c;fdfGo lyof] . pgL x/]s jif{h;f] cfˆgf] prfO gfKbf k|foM Psb]lv b'O{ O~r;Dd a9\g] u/]sf] atfpF5g\ .

pgnfO{ clxn] sldhsf nflu ;f9] b'O{dL6/ / kfO06sf nflu ;f9] PsdL6/ sk8f nfU5 . pgL ;'Tg] knªsf] nDafO ;f9] cf7 lkm6 5 . !)! s]hL tf}n ePsf /fhg sl/a !^ O~r nfdf] rKkn / !& gDa/sf] h'Qf nufpF5g\ . pgsf] rKkn 3/]n' ;fsL{n] tyf h'Qf lkm6 /fO6 gfds h'Qf sf/vfgfn] agfOlbg] u/]sf] 5 . /fhgn] nufpg] l6–;6{, u~hL tyf c08/j]o/ -s§'_ g]kfndf gkfOg] x'Fbf ef/td} hfg'kg]{ afWotf 5 / ToxfF klg w]/} k;nx¿df rxf/]kl5 dfq} pgnfO{ 7Ls x'g] vfnsf] km]nf k5{ .

;ft jif{cl3 tf/f clwsf/Ll;t ljjfx aGwgdf afFlwPsf /fhgsL >LdtLsf] prfO kfFr lkm6 tLg O~r dfq} 5 cyf{t tL bDklQsf] prfOsf] km/s b'O{ lkm6 /x]sf] 5 . pgLx¿af6 xfn;Dd s'g} ;Gtfgsf] hGd ePsf] 5}g .

xfn hfjnfv]n l8li6«n/Ldf lj1fkg tyf ahf/ ;xfossf ¿kdf sfo{/t /fhgn] xu{G; gl;{ª xf]daf6 :jf:Yo ;xfossf] tflnd lnO/x]sf 5g\ . /, pgsf] of]hgf Ps s'zn :jf:Yo ;xfos aGg' /x]sf] 5 .

sl/a tLg jif{cl3 wgu9Ldf tLg dlxgf / sf7df8f}+sf] s'n]Zj/df Ps jif{ hlt elnan v]nsf] tflnd klg lnPsf /fhgn] hLp b'Vg] tyf cGo cg's"n gldn]sf sf/0f ;f] tflnd aLr}df 5fl8lbPsf lyP . pgL eG5g\– ætflnd lng ;/x¿n] af]nfO/xg' ePsf] 5 . b'O{÷rf/ dlxgfkl5 k'gM tflnddf ;xefuL x'g] ;f]r]sf] 5' .Æ

z'?z'?df t uf8L r9\bf cfˆg}} kYof]{, To;df klg /fhwfgLdf rNg] ;–;fgf cfsf/sf uf8Ldf t ;fx|} ;d:of x'GYof] . t/ ca afgL kl/;s]sf] 5 pgL eG5g\ . dfOqmf]a; -Eofg_, gfO6 a; / 6\ofDkf]df r9\bf cufl8 tyf ldgLa;df k5fl8sf] l;6df a:g'kg]{ x'G5 . t}klg 6fpsf] 7f8f] u/]/ a:g gldNg] ePsfn] pgL ;se/ lxF8\g g} ?rfpF5g\ /] .

cfkm" af6fdf lxF8\bf dflg;x¿n] crDd dfGb} x]g]{ u/]sf] atfpFb} pgL eG5g\ –æsltn] slt cUnf] dfG5] Û eGg] cfZro{ dfGg] u/]sf] / slt t xfF:g] klg u5{g\ . klxn] klxn] cln cK7\of/f] h:tf] nfUYof] t/ ca t afgL kl/;Sof], Tolt dtna ulb{gF .Æ cfkm" g]kfnsf] cUnf] JolQm eO{ /fli6«o sLlt{dfg sfod ug{ kfPsf]df v';L / uj{ dx;'; u/]sf] pgsf] cg'e"lt 5 .

ut jif{ dlxnf, afnaflnsf tyf ;dfhsNof0f /fHodGqL sdnf kGtn] bf];Nnf cf]9fO{ ;Ddfg u/]sf] atfpFb} pgL u'gf;f] kf]V5g\–æk|wfgdGqLnfO{ e]6\g w]/}k6s wfPF, t/ lghL ;lrjn] lbPgg\ . /fhfsf] bz{ge]6 kfpg laGtLkq xfn]sf] 5' . Psk6s /fhfsf] bz{ge]6 kfpg] 7"nf] OR5f 5 .

/fhgsf] prfO a9\g'sf] /x:o M–

dfgj dl:tis;Fu} /x]sf] lk6\o'6/L u|GyLn] cTolws xdf]{g pTkfbg u/]kl5 dflg; c:jfefljs ¿kdf a9\g] ub{5 / /fhgsf] klg prfO a9\g'sf] sf/0f oxL g} xf] . t/ ut r}t dlxgfdf jl/i7 g;f ljz]if1 8f= pk]Gb| b]jsf]6fn] pgsf] prfOdf lasf]{ nufOlbP . cyf{t\, /fhgsf] zNolqmof u/L pQm u|GyL lemlslbPsf sf/0f ca pgsf] prfO a9\g] qmd /f]lsg] bfjL 8f= b]jsf]6fsf] /x]sf] 5 .

8f= b]jsf]6f eGg'x'G5–ælk6\o'6/L u|GyLsf] 7Ls dfly cfFvfsf] gzf x'G5 / ;f] u|GyL a9\b} hfFbf pQm g;f Roflkg uO{ dflg; cGwf] x'G5 . To:t}, To; u|GyLåf/f pTkflbt xfdf]{gn] @% jif{kl5 dflg;sf] nDafO ga9] klg df]6fO a9\b} hfG5 . xfdLn] log} vt/faf6 arfpg /fhgsf] zNolqmof ug'{k/]sf] xf] / of] zNolqmof ;dodf g} ePsf] xf] .Æ

x'g t /fhgsf] leqL OR5f ljZjs} cUnf] dflg; aGg] lyof] . t/, of] OR5f ca k"/f gx'g] ePsf] pgsf] egfO 5 –ælrlsT;sx¿sf] ;Nnfx cg';f/ Tof] u|GyLsf] zNolqmof ug'{k/]sf] xf] . l7s} 5, OR5f k"/f x'g gkfPsf]df Tolt b'MvL klg 5}g .Æ t/ cfkm" g]kfns} ;a}eGbf cUnf] JolQm ePsf sf/0f cgluGtL ;d:of em]Ng' k/] klg ;/sf/L tyf u}/;/sf/L If]qaf6 ;d]t s'g} ;xof]u gkfPsf]df eg] pgsf] lrQ b'vfO 5 .

k|yd–:j/ k|Tof/f]k0f ck|]zg

ca s'g} klg b'3{6gfdf k/]/ 3fF6Lsf] :j/ gnL Ifltu|:t eP/ jf ulx/f] rf]6 nfu]/ ;'l/nf] :j/ ePsf] dflg;n] klg ljjz eO{ nf6f]sf] lhGbuL u'hfg'{kg]{ lbgsf] cGTo eO;s]sf] 5 . w'd|kfg clws ugf{n] /f]un] u|:t ePsf] dflg;nfO{ 3fF6Lsf] SofG;/ x'g] clws ;+efjgf x'G5 . o:tf] /f]un] u|:t ePsf] dflg;nfO{ 3fF6Lsf] ck/]zg zNolrlsT;fkl5 cfˆgf] af]nL k'gM k|fKt ug]{ ;'gf}nf] cj;/ k|fKt ePsf] 5 .

d'6', d[uf}nf h:tf dflg;sf ;+j]bgzLn cËx¿ k|Tof/f]k0f ug]{ ;DaGwdf cfw'lgs lrlsT;sx¿n] dxTjk"0f{ ;kmntf xfl;n u/] klg O{Zj/Lo b]g dflgPsf] dflg;sf] jfs\oGq -Voice Box_ sf] k|Tof/f]k0fdf klg ;kmntf kfpF5g\ eGg] s'/fdf s;}sf] klg ljZjf; lyPg xf]nf . t/ o;sf] k|Tof/f]k0f u/L ;DalGwt lrlsT;sx¿n] rdTsf/ u/]sf 5g\ .

cfheGbf @( jif{ klxn] a]lNhodsf lrlsT;sn] ;g\ !(^( df jfs\oGqsf] k|Tof/f]k0f ug]{ k|of; u/]sf lyP . t/ b'Mvsf] s'/f ck/]zgsf] s]xL ;do kZrft\ la/fdLsf] d[To' x'g k'Uof] . To;kl5 s;}n] s]xL o; ;DaGwdf k|of; u/]sf] kfO+{b}g . t/ cfh cfP/ jfs\oGqsf] k|Tof/f]0f ca lrlsT;f lj1fgdf jf:tljstfsf] ¿kdf b]vfk/]sf] 5 . xfn;fn} cd]l/sfsf] cf]lxof] /fHol:yt snLjn]8 lSnlgs;Fu ;DalGwt ;+o'Qm lrlsT;s bnsf 8f= dfz{n :6«f]dsf] g]t[Tjdf $) jifL{o l6df]yL xfO8n/ eGg] JolQmnfO{ :j/ k|Tof/f]k0f u/L ljZjdf k|yd :j/ k|Tof/f]k0f ;kmntf xfl;n u/]sf 5g\ .

af?0f oGq;Fu ;DalGwt sfdbf/ xfO8n/ Pslbg cfˆgf] df]6/;fOsn w]/} ultdf bf}8fpFbf af6f]sf] tf/df k/L nb\g hfFbf pgsf] 3fF6Lsf] s07 gnLdf ulx/f] rf]6 nfuL ;'l/nf] :j/ g} u'dfpg afWo ePsf lyP . lrlsT;sx¿n] To;a]nf pgnfO{ :j/ k|Tof/f]k0fsf] nflu On]S6«f]n]l/S; gfdsf] Ps ;fgf] ljB'tLo oGqsf] ;xfotf lnO{ pQm oGqdf el/Psf cfjfhx¿ dfq pgsf] d'vaf6 lg:sg;Sg] dfq agfpg ;Sy] . t/ pgsf] ck/]zg !@ 306f rNbf ToxL ;dodf /Qm>fjaf6 d[To' ePsf] s'g} o'jssf] unf lgsfnL 8n/sf] lha|f]sf] ;txs} d'lGt/ ck/]zgåf/f k|Tof/f]k0f ul/of] .

;Dj]bgzLn cË lha|f] d'lg ck/]zg ubf{ To;df lglxt /Qm gnL / ;+j]bgzLn gzfx¿ hf]8\gsf] nflu lrlsT;sx¿nfO{ lgs} d]xgt ug'{ k/]sf] lyof] . bftfaf6 k|fKt yfO{/f]O6 u|lGy tyf p;sf] jfs\oGq xfO8n/df k|Tof/f]k0f u/of] . yfO/f]O8 u|lGyn] xfd|f] z/L/df /f;folgs k|ljlw af6 hLjgnfO{ rflxg] vfgfsf] lgoGq0f ub{5 . dfgj z/L/df /x]sf] n]l/S;sf] d'Vo sfo{ :j/ tGt' -Vocal Card_ sf] d4taf6 Pp6f sDkgdfg jfo' oGq -Vaivarating Air Calumn_ sf] ;[li6 ug'{ xf] . oxL sDkgdfg tGt' -Vaivarating Air Column) n] dg'ionfO{ :j/sf] WjgL agfpF5 . o;sf] ;fy} Zjf; gnLaf6 lnPsf] xfjf kmf]S;f] tyf xfdLn] u/]sf] ef]hg Pj+ t/n k]6;Dd k'¥ofpgsf] nflu ;'lglZrt ug{ n]l/S;sf] d'Vo e"ldsf /xG5 .

;DalGwt lrlsT;ssf] egfO cg';f/ xfO8n/nfO{ k|fKt goFf cfjfhdf s]xL dfqfdf bftfsf] cfjfh klg ldl;Psf] ;'lgGYof] . pgsf] :j/ gnLaf6 lg:sg] cfjfh ;'Gbf klxn]eGbf rsf]{ / s]xL wf]b|f] ;'lgGYof] . t/ pRrf/0fdf eg] klxn]sf]eGbf s'g} lsl;dsf] km/s kfOPg . o; ljifosf lrlsT;ssf] egfO cg';f/ JolQmlkR5]sf] cfjfhx¿ pgLx¿sf] jfs\oGqaf6 lgolGqt geOsg pgLx¿sf] dl:tisaf6 x'G5 o;f] eP tfklg o;df cgf]7f] j}1flgs ;To of] 5 ls :j/ k|Tof/f]k0fsf] kZrft\ ;DalGwt bftf JolQmsf] cfjfh;Fu d]n vfP klg JolQmsf] pRrf/0f eg] cfˆgf] k'/fg} x'G5 .

lrlsT;ssf] egfO cg';f/ k|fljlws b[li6sf]0faf6 xfO8n/sf] ck/]zg k"0f{tof ;kmn eof] eGg] nfu] tfklg o;df ;+nUg ljz]if1sf] Ps bnn] eg] pgsf] jfs\oGq tyf yfO/fO6 u|lGyn] :jfefljs ¿kdf cfˆgf] sfo{ u/]sf] 5 jf 5}g egL a/fa/ k/LIf0f ug]{ u/]sf] atfOG5 .

cd]l/sfdf ePsf] klxnf] of] o'ufGtsf/L :j/ k|Tof/f]k0f ck/]zgsf] la|:6n ljZjljBfno;Fu ;DalGwt 3fF6L ljz]if1 8f= dfl6{g az{nn] cË k|Tof/f]k0fsf] Oltxf;df 7"nf] ljho xf] eGg] atfP . pgsf] egfO 5– s]jn hLjg k|fKt dfq geP/ hLjgsf] u'0f a9fpgsf] nflu eljiodf klg o:tf] k|Tof/f]k0fn] dxTjk"0f{ e"ldsf lgjf{x ub{5 .

Hof]ltk|;fb kmofFn
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d}gaQL agfpg] ljlw

s]xL jif{b]lv d}gaQLsf] k|rf/ / k|;f/ w]/} dfqfdf eOcfPsf] 5 . kfnf, cyf{t\ df6fsf] ;fgf] s6f}/Ldf t]n xfnL aQL lehfP/ afNg] sfd k|foM x/fpFb} uPsf] 5 . kfnfsf] :yfg d}gaQLn] u|x0f u/]sf] 5 . cr]n xfdLaLr d}gaQL b}lgs cfjZostfsf] j:t' l;4 ePsf] 5 . lah'nLaQL ePsf] 7fpFdf lah'nLsf] clglZrttfn] ubf{ 3/–3/df d}gaQLsf] k|of]u ul/G5 . ltxf/df kfnfdf aQL afNg] rng x/fpFb} uPsf]n] o;sf] 7fpF d}gaQLn] cf]u6]sf] 5 . nx/} d}gaQL afNbf To;sf] l´lnldnL pHofnf]n] dgf]/d b[Zo pkl:yt ul/lbG5 . d}gaQLsf] k|sfzaf6 w"jfF pTkGg gx'g] ePsf]n] of] :jtM lbof]sf] pHofnf] eGbf nfesf/L 5 . ;hfP/ /fVg / ´§ afNg d}gaQL ;'ljwfo'Qm ;fwg ;lD´G5 . ljBfnosf 5fq–5fqf / ;j{;fwf/0f;d]tn] d}gaQL agfpg] ;Lk hfg]df 3/sf] Pp6f 7"nf] vfFrf] 65{ g}, o;sf ;fy} d}gaQL laqmL u/]/ cyf]{kfh{g;d]t ug{ ;lsG5 . To;}n] t ljBfnodf ljleGg j:t'x¿sf] lgdf{0f ug{ Jofj;flos lzIff lbOG5 . To:tf j:t'x¿cGtu{t d}gaQLsf] klg u0fgf ul/G5 . ljleGg k|sf/sf] Jofj;flos lzIff k|fKt u/]kl5 5fq–5fqf / c¿x¿;d]t :jfjnDaL x'G5g\ . k"FhLsf ¿kdf yf]/} /sdsf] Joj:yf u/]/ 3/ a;La;L ljleGg j:t'x¿sf] lgdf{0f u/L b}lgs vfFrf] 6fg'{sf ;fy} kl/jf/sf] k|To]s ;b:o sfddf nflu/xg] x'Fbf ;dosf] ;b'kof]u x'g'sf ;fy} cfly{s nfesf] cj;/ klg k|fKt x'G5 .

xfdLx¿ 7fpF–7fpFsf ahf/df / vf; u/L sf7df8f}+sf] c;g 6f]nsf ljleGg k;nx¿df cg]s /ª / cfsf/k|sf/sf d}gaQL laqmLsf nflu /flvPsf] b]V5f}+ . k"hfcfhf / ljjfxsf] z'e cj;/df vfFrf] kg]{ ljleGg /ª / cfsf/sf df]6fdf]6f d}gaQLx¿ klg c;g 6f]ndf lsGg kfOG5 . eg]sf] avt kfOg] d}gaQL s]xL dxËf] x'g] eP tfklg of] Joj;foaf6 sfdbf/x¿ pT;flxt x'G5g\ . k;ndf laqmLsf nflu /flvPsf d}gaQLh:tf / tLeGbf a9L pkof]uL d}gaQL agfpg] sfddf :kwf{ ug{ ljz]if ;Lksf] k|of]u ug'{k5{ . tyflk :kwf{ ug]{ dg;fo glnO{ xfdLn] cfˆg} ;|f]t / ;fwgsf] k|of]u u/L lg/Gt/ cEof; u/]df o;af6 7"n} pknlAw k|fKt x'g ;Sg]5 . o;sf nflu xfdLn] nug, k|of; / ;Lksf] cf>o lng'k5{ .

d}gaQL agfpg lgDglnlvt ;fdu|Lsf] Joj:yf ug'{k5{M

;fFrf]M cyf{t\ lglZrt cfsf/sf] ¿k lbg k|of]u ul/g] ;fwg . of] cg]s k|sf/sf] x'G5, hf] d}gaQLsf] cfsf/df lge{/ ub{5 . ;fFrfx¿ ljleGg yl/sf x'G5g\, h:tf]––!@, !^, #@ jf a9L d}gaQL agfpg] . d}gaQL slt df]6f] / slt nfdf] rflxG5, ;f] cg';f/ ldNg] ;fFrf]sf] k|of]u ul/G5 .

Kof/flkmg afs;M of] adf{ z]n sDkgLdf k|fKt x'G5 . cr]n o:tf] afs; rk/f jf l;Sy ;lhn} cGo 7fpFaf6 k|fKt ug{ vf]hLlgtLsf] cfjZostf 5 .

d}gaQLsf] wfuf]M sfFrf] ;"tsf] k|of]u u/]/ d}gaQLsf] wfuf] agfOG5 . wfuf] a]Rg] Jofkf/LsxfF sfFrf] ;"t ;xh} k|fKt x'G5 .

/ªM d}gaQLnfO{ /ËLg agfpg cfon–sn/ lsGg'k5{ . h'g /ªsf] d}gaQL agfpg' k/]sf] 5, ToxL /ªsf] k|of]u ug'{k5{ .

Koflsª k]k/M ahf/df Koflsª k]k/ lsGg kfOG5 . cfˆgf] cfjZostfg';f/ w]/} kftnf], egf}+ kf/bzL{, s]xL kftnf] / afSnf] Koflsª k]k/ d}gaQL a]g]{ sfd ul/G5 .

d}gaQL agfpg] ljlwM

;aeGbf klxn] sk8fsf] Pp6f 6fnf]nfO{ t]ndf rf]kn]/ ;fFrf]sf] ;a} b'nf]df 3:g'k5{ . o;f] ubf{ ;fFrf]n] d}gaQLnfO{ rfF8f] 5fl8lbG5 . o;kl5 ;fFrf]df zÍ]t ul/Psf] 7fpFdf wfuf] /fVg'k5{ . rflxg] hlt d}g Pp6f s/fxLdf vGofP/ Tof] s/fxL cfuf]sf] gfk nfUg] u/L a;fNg'k5{ . d}g kUn]kl5 ;fgf] d'v ePsf] efF8f]n] tftf] d}g l´Sb} ;fFrf]df vGofpFb} hfg'k5{ . d}gn] ;fFrf] el/Pkl5 ;fFrf]sf] tNnf] efu kfgLdf /fVg'k5{ . o;f] ubf{ s]xL a]/kl5 d}gaQLx¿ hD5g\ . ca ;fFrf]nfO{ kfgLaf6 aflx/ l´Sg'k5{ . of] k|lqmof af/Daf/ bf]xf]¥ofPkl5 pkof]udf Nofpg x'g] ¿kdf d}gaQL tof/ x'g]5 .

d}gaQLnfO{ /ËLg agfpg] ljlwM

d}gaQLnfO{ /ËLg agfpg' k/]df To:tf] /ª, egf}+ cfon sn/, Pp6f 6fnf]df xfn]/ d'v 5f]lkg] u/L Tof] 6fnf]sf] kf]sf] agfpg'k5{ . kUn]sf] d}gdf Tof] kf]sf] 8'afP/ kfFr–;ft k6s xNnfpg'k5{ . o;f] ubf{ Tof] /ª d}gdf ldN5 clg d}gaQL /ËLg x'G5 . d}gaQLnfO{ af:gfbf/ t'Nofpg] ljrf/ ePdf s'g} ePdf s'g} c;n af:gfbf/ t]n jf cQ/ d}gdf lkm6\g'k5{ . u|fxsx¿n] ;fwf/0feGbf af:gfbf/ d}gaQL a9L dgk/fpF5g\ .

k|foM dflg;x¿ kUn]/ ;fgf 7"nf l9Ssf k/]sf] / 6'6]km'6]sf] d}g ldNsfpF5g\ . sfd gnfUg] 7flgPsf] o:tf] d}gnfO{ ;kmf kf/]df To;af6 d}gaQL agfO{ kmfObf k|fKt ug{ ;lsG5 .

d}gnfO{ ;kmf kfg]{ ljlwM

Pp6f efF8f]df b'O{ kfpG8 d}g xfn]/ To;df b'O{ tf]nf uGwssf] t]hfa / kfgL lkm6\g'k5{ . To;kl5 cfuf]df ttfpg'k5{, h;af6 b'j} j:t' /fd|/L 3f]lnof];\ . To;kl5 Tof] efF8f] l´s]/ lr;f] kfg'{k5{ . lr;f] ePkl5 d}g kfgLdfl:t/ cfpg]5 / kmf]xf]/ kL+wdf hDg]5 . Psk6sdf d}g /fd|/L ;kmf ePg eg] csf]{k6s klg To;nfO{ ttfpg'k5{ . bf];|f]k6s eg] To;df kfgL dfq xfNg'k5{, t]hfa xfNg x'Fb}g .

uf]s'nk|;fb zdf{{
sfnwf/f, sf7df8f}+

kf]/f kfSdfM /fO{ hfltsf] dxTjk"0f{ ;+:s[lt

cGo hfltdf ´} ef]hk'/ lhNnfsf] blIf0fL efu xt'jf If]qsf /fO{ hfltdf klg cfˆg} hfltdf lax] ug'{kg]{ dfGotf /x]sf] kfOG5 . To;}n] oxfFsf /fO{ cfˆg} hfltdf ;s];Dd ljjfx ug]{ ub{5g\ . s;}n] cGo hfltdf ljjfx ul/xfn]df klg ckjfbsf] ¿kdf / Tof] klg k|]dljjfx u/]sf] x'G5 .

cs}{ hfltsf] :jf:gL dflg; ljjfx u/L NofPdf lkt[df hfFb}g . /fO{ hfltn] ljjfx u/]kl5 >LdtLnfO{ lkt[df x'nfpg'k5{ . lkt[df ghfg] ePsLn] a]Un} 7fpF jf 3/df /fVg'k5{ . pgn] d'n 3/leq k|j]z ug{ gx'g], r'nf, lr08f], cb'jf / xfF8L 5'g x'Fb}g . o:tL >LdtL d/]df 5'g gx'g] rng /x]sf] 5 . t/ klg d/]kl5 ;+:sfg'{ t clgjfo{ g} k5{, t/ s;/L ;+:sfg]{ < a}slNks pkfo s] t < eGg] ;Gbe{df lghsf] dfOtL dfjnL glhs eP va/ u/L pgLx¿n] cfˆg} ;+:sf/cg';f/ g} ;+:sfg'{ kb{5 . olb dfOtL dfjnL 6f9f eO{ cfpg g;Sg] ePdf >Ldfg\sf] h:tf] k|sf/sf] ;+:sf/ ug]{ rng 5, ;f]xL adf]lhd g} ;+:sf/ ul/G5 .

cGt/hflto ljjfx u/L hfohGd eP tfklg tL aRrfx¿ ;d]t l;w} lkt[df hfFb}g . lkt[df ghfg] ePkl5 bfh'efOn] tL aRrfx¿sf] xftsf] bfneft vfg' x'Fb}g eGg] dbf{ klg cf};t afg'{ gkg]{ x'G5 . To;}n] ;s];Dd lkt[df r9fpg'k5{ . o:tf aRrfx¿nfO{ j+zdf ldnfpg ;j{k|ydtM k/Dk/fut l/ltcg';f/ lglZrt ljljw ckgfO{ lkt[df r9fpg] sfo{ ul/G5 h;nfO{ ækf]/f kfSdfÆ elgG5 . /fO{ jfGtjf efiffsf] kf]/fj+z eGg] g]kfnLdf x'G5 eg] kfSdfsf] cy{ nufpg' jf x'nfpg' x'G5 . cyf{t\ kf]/f kfSdf u/]kl5 tL aRrfx¿ cf°gf] j+zdf uPsf] dfgL bfneft rN5 . kf]/fdf uPkl5 aRrfx¿sf] hGd, ljjfx / d[To' ;+:sf/ a'afsf] cg';f/ g} ul/G5 .

of] sfo{ ubf{ ;Dk"0f{ ufpFn] Oi6ldq, eb| enfbdL e]nf eO{ kf]/fdf nufPsf] sfuh u/L jf df}lvs ¿kdf –æcfhaf6 xfd|f] ;fy nflu cfof}+, To;}n] cfhaf6 ltdLx¿ xfd|f] bfh'efO{ eof}Æ elg jf n]v]/ kf]/fdf nufOG5 . kf]/fdf nufPsf] aRrfx¿sf] xftaf6 bfneft, hfF8, /S;L vfO{ ;dfKt ul/G5 . o;kl5 aRrfx¿ lkt[df uO{ k"0f{¿kn] /fO{ aGg k'U5g\ / ;Dk"0f{ ;+:sf/ /fO{ ;+:sf/cg';f/ g} ul/G5 .

k/Dk/fut k|s[ltsf ;+::sf/x¿ xfn nf]k x'Fb} cfPsf] 5 . oL ;+:sf/x¿ s] slt hfoh 5g\ < / oL ;+:sf/x¿sf] t'ngfTds cWoog u/L o;nfO{ olts} 5f]8\g] xf] jf kl/dflh{t ug'{kg]{ xf] < o; ;DaGwdf ;a}n] Psk6s ;f]Rg}kg]{ b]lvG5 .

rGb|s'df/ /fO{

| cfj/0f kl/ro || k|ltqmLof || ;'Gb/tf || hfgsf/L || lrGtg || ;DkfbsLo|| Oltxf; || lj1fg || :d/0f |
| kf]zfs || :fflxTo || ;Dkbf .. /fli6«o ultljlw .. ljljw .. vf]h tnf; .. 3/kl/jf/ .. dgf]/~hg || :yfg |
| kl/ro || /ªd~r || v]ns'b || /x:o || s[lif k|ljlw || ljrf/ || d'Qms÷n3'syf || hLjg bz{g |