Pdfn] ca s;/L k5fl8 kms]{nf <
;QfkIf / k|ltkIfaLr jftf{÷cWofb]z kf; x'g]÷c;Gt'i6x? klg ;/sf/lt/

;+;bsf] ult/f]w x6\g] ;+efjgf b]vf k/]sf] 5 . oBlk k|d'v k|ltkIfL bn g]skf Pdfn]n] o; cl3sf ;+;b clwj]zgx?df klg ljleGg hfoh / gfhfoh d'2fx? p7fO{ 3]/fp, alxisf/, gf/fafhL / tf]8kmf]8 ug]{ u/]sf] lyof], s]xL k|;+udf p;sf] z}nL unt eP klg d'2f plrt dflgPsf] lyof], t/ o;kN6 Pdfn] s'g} d'2f a]u/ g} pu|?kdf k|:t't x'gfn] ;QfkIfeGbf k|ltkIf ;+s6df kg{ uPsf] 5 . Pdfn]sf] kl5 nfUbf vfN8f]df kl/g] cfz+sfn] /fk|kf / ;b\efjgf kf6L{ kfvf nfu]sf 5g\ eg] Pdfn] klg ca lgsf; vf]Hg OR5's b]lvPsf] 5 . ;a} bnx?aLr ;efd'vsf] cu|;/tfdf cfhb]lv jftf{ x'“b}5 . ;+;bsf] a}7s rNg yfn]kl5 ‘cWofb]z’ klg kfl/t x'g] ePsf] 5 .

lxp“b] clwj]zg k|f/De x'gf;fy} k|ltkIfL bnn] æk|wfgdGqLn] /fhLgfdf glbP;Dd ;bg rNg glbg]Æ 3f]if0ff ub}{ cj/f]w ;[hgf u/] klg ;QfkIf w]/} lrlGtt b]lvPg . 5nkmnsf] klxnf] lbg ;a} k|ltkIfL bnn] alxisf/ u/], t/ ef]lnkN6 ;b\efjgf kf6L{n] alxisf/ gug]{ gLlt ckgfPkl5 Pdfn]n] cfkm"n] alxisf/ u/] klg ;bg rNg ;Sg] cj:yf b]v]/ ;bgleq} 3]/fp, xf]xNnf / gf/fafhL u/L sfd 7Kk kfg]{ /0fgLlt agfof] . t/ Pdfn]sf] of] /0fgLlt ck|hftflGqs dfq x}g c;+j}wflgs / c;+;bLo klg 7xl/of] . hgtfn] dtbfgåf/f g]kfnL sf+u|];nfO{ % jif{;Dd ;Qf ;~rfng ug{ cg'dlt lb+bflb+b} Pdfn]n] k|=d=sf] /fhLgfdfsf] dfu u/L hgk|ltlglw;ef g} cj?4 ug'{ hgdtsf] ckx]ngf / ;+ljwfgsf] ckdfg lyof] . ;QfkIfn] ;+j}wflgs k|lqmofaf6 k|wfgdGqLnfO{ x6fpg lbPsf] r'gf}tLsf] ;fdgf ug{ Pdfn]n] ;s]g . ;QfkIfn] cljZjf; k|:tfj /fVg eGof] . t/ Pdfn]n] of] klg cf“6 u/]g . ;+j}wflgs k|lqmofaf6 cfpg gdfGg] cbfnt / clVtof/, ;fj{hlgs n]vf ;ldltsf] lg0f{o klg gklv{g] / k|=d=sf] /fhLgfdfsf] lh2L u/]/ ;+;bnfO{ cj?4 kfl//xg] Pdfn]sf] c8fgk|lt sf]xL ;xdt x'g ;s]gg\, a? pQm kf6L{sf] lgotdfly g} z+sf pTkGg x'g yfn]sf] lyof] . o;/L cfkm\gf] sbd k|hftflGqs b[li6n] cltjfbL lbzfdf hfg nfu]sf] Pjd\ af}l4s ;d'bfonfO{ ;xdt u/fpg ufx|f] x'g] b]v]kl5 lxhf]b]lv Pdfn]n] k5fl8

kmls{g] af6f] vf]Hg yfn]sf] 5 .   hgdtk|lt cToGt rgfvf] /x]sf] Pdfn]sf k|efjzfnL o'jf g]tfx?n] g]t[Tjsf] of] /0fgLlt ck|hftflGqs / c;+;bLo b]lvPsf] / o;nfO{ cufl8 a9fpg] xf] eg] cfkm\gf] kf6L{ ;+;bLo dfGotfs} lj?4 /x]sf] cfz+sf a9\g] /fo k|s6 ub}{ OHhtk"0f{ lgsf; vf]Hg' plrt x'g] ;Nnfx lbPsf lyP . of] /0fgLltk|lt kf6L{leq} dte]b pTkGg eof] . k|d'v k|ltkIf o;/L km;]sf] / oxL cfwf/df Pdfn]nfO{ k|hftGqlj/f]wL l;4 ug{ ;lsg] b]v]/ sf+u|];Lx? lgsf; vf]Hg]lt/ nfUb} nfu]gg\ . pgLx? Pdfn] cem km;f];\ eGg] rfxGy] . b'O{ kIfaLr clxn];Dd ;fdfGo jftf{;Dd ePg . ;efd'v tf/fgfy /fgfef6n] b'j} efjgfsf] sb/ ub}{ ;bgnfO{ ;'rf? 9+un] rnfpg ;QfkIf;lxt ;a} bnx?aLr jftf{ k|f/De u/fpg' eof] . ;+;bsf] a}7s ca * ut] ;f]djf/ dfq x'g]5 .

t/ Pdfn] cf“vf lrDn]/ lgSs} cufl8 al9;s]sf]n] ;lhn} k5fl8 kmls{g ufx|f] 5 . Pdfn]sf] OHht hf]ufO{ lbg sf+u|]; tof/ 5}g . To;}n] * ut]leq} ;xdlt gx'g klg ;S5, t/ klxn] of]eGbf hl6n åGåsf] l:yltaf6 klg lgsf; vf]h]/ ;xdlt sfod ug{ ;kmn /x]sf sf+u|]; / Pdfn] s]xL lbgleq} of] ;d:ofaf6 d'Qm x'g] cg'dfg ug{ ;lsG5 .

xfd|f] ;Djfb ;"q cg';f/, lhNnf lhNnfsf Pdfn]sf sfo{stf{x? dfcf]jfbL cf+tsaf6 kLl8t 5g\ . pgLx?n] ;'/Iffsf] cg'e"lt ug{ ;s]sf 5}gg\ . c;'/Iffs} sf/0fn] s}of}+ sfo{stf{x? dfcf]jfbLlt/ nfUg ljjz ePsf 5g\ . To;}n] sfo{stf{x?nfO{ kf6L{ rf“8} ;Qfdf hf“b}5 eGg] cfzf lbnfP/ cNemfpg] k|oTg Pdfn] g]tfx?af6 eO/x]sf] 5 . To;}n] ;QfkIfnfO{ ;+s6df kf/]/ cfkm";lxtsf] ;/sf/ agfpg afWo kfg]{ of]hgf Pdfn]n] agfPsf] 5 . ax'dt k|fKt kf6L{sf] k|=d=nfO{ /fhLgfdf ug{ ljjz kfg]{ xf] eg] ToxL cfwf/df cfkm" cem zlQmzfnL / d'n'ssf] lg0ff{os zlQm ePsf] b]vfpg ;lsg] cfzfn] of] cleofg rnfOPsf] xf] . sf+u|];leqsf] Pp6f kIfn] jt{dfg k|=d=k|lt b]vfPsf] pu| c;xof]ufTds Jojxf/, æh;/L eP klg sf]O/fnfnfO{ x6fpg]Æ 3f]if0ff / cgf}krfl/s jftf{sf] e/df klg Pdfn]n] of] c8\8L lnPsf] a'lemG5 .

t/ x/]s ;+s6sf] a]nf em}+ o;kN6 klg sf+u|];Lx? Ps l9Ssf x'“b}5g\ .

k|ltkIfL bn ljeflht

r'gfjaf6 ax'dt k|fKt u/]sf] bnsf] ;/sf/sf] k|=d=nfO{ hj/h:tL /fhLgfdf u/fpg] Pdfn]sf] lh2LnfO{ /fli6«o k|hftGq kf6L{n] ;fy glbg] ePsf] 5 . /fk|kfsf g]tfx?n] cfkm"x? ;+j}wflgs bfo/f / ;+;bLo dof{bfeGbf aflx/ ghfg] :ki6 u/]sf 5g\ . pgLx?sf] egfO{{ 5– ;Qf?9 kf6L{n] ;+;bsf] d'vdf ;d]t cfkm\gf] kf6L{nfO{ j]jf:tf u/]sf] / r'gf}tLsf] a]nf klg 3d08 b]vfPsf]n] ;/sf/sf] 3d08 tf]8\g tyf k|ltkIfsf] wd{ lgefpg of] lj/f]w ul/Psf] xf] .

o;}aLr, /fk|kf cWoIf Pjd\ k"j{ k|=d= ;"o{axfb'/ yfkf / k|=d=lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnfaLr s'/fsfgL ePsf] 5 . s'/fsfgLsf] qmddf k|=d=sf]O/fnn] /fk|kfsf] ;xof]u dfUg' ePsf] / cWoIf yfkfn] Pdfn]n] c;+j}wflgs 9+un] / d'9]ann] ;Qf kl/jt{g ug{ vf]h]sf] s'/f cfkm"nfO{ lrQ ga'em]sf] atfp“b} ljrf/ k'¥ofP/ ;/sf/ rnfpg ;Nnfx lbg' eof] . cWofb]zsf] k|;+udf yfkfn] cWofb]z cfkm"n] k9]sf] / cfkm"nfO{ 7Ls} nfu]sf] hfgsf/L lbg' ePsf] lyof] .

 To:t}, csf]{ /fli6«o kf6L{ g]kfn ;b\efjgf kf6L{n] klg cfkm\gf] /0fgLlt kl/jt{g u/]sf] 5 . ;b\efjgf kf6L{n] cfkm\gf] dfu ;/sf/n] k"/f u/]kl5 dfq of] /0fgLlt agfPsf] xf] . slyt Clts /f]zg k|s/0fsf] cf8df ePsf] 36gfaf/] Goflos cfof]u u7g xf];\ / To;n] pQm kf6L{sf] sfof{nodf ePsf] cfunfuLaf/] klg 5fglag u/f];\ eGg] dfu k"/f geP;Dd ;b\efjgf kf6L{ Pdfn]s} ;fydf lyof] . pQm kf6L{n] ca ;+;b alxisf/ gug]{ 3f]if0ff ub}{ ;+;b cj?4 ug]{ Pdfn]sf] gLlt c;+;bLo / ck|hftflGqs ePsf] ljrf/ JoQm u/]sf] 5 . pQm kf6L{n] Pdfn]nfO{ k|=d=nfO{ x6fpg] xf] eg] cljZjf; k|:tfj /fVg'kg]{ ;Nnfx lb+b} d'9]anaf/f k|=d= x6fpg] kIfdf cfkm"x? g/x]sf] :ki6 u/]sf] 5 .

Pdfn] g]tf dfwjs'df/ g]kfnn] ;/sf/ lj?4 u/]sf] 3f]if0ff / ctL{ pkb]z ;'g]kl5 ;b\efjgf kf6L{sf cWoIf uh]Gb|gf/fo0f l;+xn] cfkm"nfO{ s'g} vhf~rL -dfwj g]kfnnfO{ ;+s]t_ n] ctL{ pkb]z lbg] h?/t 5}g . / Pdfn]sf g]tfx?sf] pd]/ hlt t cfkm"n] /fhgLlt g} ul/;s]sf] atfp“b} Pdfn]nfO{ å}w rl/q kl/Tofu ug{ eGg'eof] . l;+xsf] of] k|xf/ klg Pdfn] g]tfx? ;b\efjgf kf6L{af6 lg/fz ePsf 5g\ .

jfdkGyL kf6L{x?dWo] klg k|foM ;a} Pdfn]sf] lgotdf z+sf u5{g\ . pgLx? ;/sf/ lj?4 s8feGbf s8f sbd rfNg tTk/ 5g\, t/ Pdfn]n] aLrd} wf]vf lbg] xf] ls eg]/ ;z+lst 5g\ . pgLx?sf] z+sf k6s k6s ;To ;fljt ePsf] 5 .

dgf]gLt ;f+;bx?n] klg cWofb]zsf] dfdnfdf k|ltkIfL bnnfO{ ;dy{g gug]{ ePsf 5g\ . dgf]gLt !) dWo] ( hgfn] k|=d= sf]O/fnfnfO{ cfkm"x? cWofb]zsf] kIfd} nfUg] jrg lbO;s]sf 5g\ .

cWofb]zsf] k|;+u

/fHosf] ;'/Iff ;+oGq tLg txsf] kfg]{ ;}4flGts ;xdlt cg';f/ ;z:q k|x/L an u7g ug]{ lg0f{o ePsf] xf] . of] lg0f{ok|lt /fhf, ;]gf / s'g} klg /fhgLlts bnsf] c;xdlt lyPg . /fhf klg ;xdt xf]OaS;]kl5 g} k|lqmof cufl8 a9]sf] xf] . d'n'sdf pTkGg r'gf}tLx?sf] ;fdgf ug{ ;fwf/0f k|x/L andf ;+ej gx'g] / x/]s df]rf{df ;]gf kl/rfng ug'{ klg pko'Qm gx'g] ePsf]n] >L % sf] ;/sf/ -u[x k|zf;g_sf] dftxt /xg] u/L csf]{ ;z:q an u7g ug'{ cfjZos dflgof] . ljut $–% dlxgfb]lv o;af/] u[xsfo{ eO/x]sf] lyof] . o;sf] k|f/lDes d:of}bf /fhb/af/ uof] . Toxf“ 5nkmn eof] . >L % af6 :jefjtM ;'/Iff–ljz]if1x?sf] /fo lnOalS;of] . To;kl5 df};"km / k|=d=aLr k6s–k6s 5nkmn eof] . klxn]sf] d:of}bf kl/dfh{g eof] . cGttM >L % sf] /fo cg'?ks} cWofb]z dlGqkl/ifb\n] kf; u/]/ b/af/ k7fof] . s/La # dlxgf klxn] b/af/ uPsf] cWofb]z xfn} dfq >L % af6 hf/L ul/alS;of] . of] cWofb]z ;+;bsf] clwj]zgeGbf w]/} cl3 g} >L % af6 hf/L x'g ;SYof] . ;z:q ;}lgs an rf“8} eGbf rf“8} u7g ug'{ kg]{ / ;+;baf6 kfl/t ug{ ;do nfUg] ePsf]n] g} ;/sf/n] cWofb]z jgfPsf] lyof] . /fhfaf6 hf/L x'gf;fy ;/sf/n] sfof{Gjog u¥of] .

;+;bsf] rfn' clwj]zgn] pQm cWofb]znfO{ :jLs[t ug'{kg]{ jfWotf 5 . ;+;baf6 of] cg'df]bg gePdf csf]{ b'3{6gf x'g ;S5 . t/ ;+;b ;'rf? ?kn] rNgf;fy pQm cWofb]z kfl/t x'g]5 . k|ltlglw;efdf ;a} k|ltkIfL ;f+;b cWofb]zsf] lj?4 uP klg ;Qf?9 bns} dtn] :jLs[t x'g ;S5 eg] /fli6«o;efdf dgf]gLt ;f+;bx?n] ljkIfdf dtbfg u/]gg\ eg] dfq klg kf; x'g]5 .

;+;bdf Pdfn], /fk|kf, dfn] / cGo jfdkGyL bnn] klg cWofb]z c:jLs[t ul/of];\ eGg] k|:tfj btf{ u/fPsf 5g\ . t/ Pdfn] / /fk|kf of] cWofb]zsf] lj?4 nfUg ;lhnf] 5}g . xfnsf] kl/j]zdf of] cWofb]z dfcf]jfbL ;z:q o'4 lj?4 nlIft /x]sf] :ki6 5 . dfcf]jfbL lj?4 rflng] sbdsf] lj/f]w u/]df :jod\ To; kf6L{sf sfo{stf{n] g]t[Tj lj?4 ljb|f]x ug]{5g\ . t/ Pdfn]n] g]t[Tj ;/sf/k|lt c;Gt'li6 b]vfpg cWofb]z lj?4 g} hfg] nIf0f 5 . Pdfn] / /fk|kf g]tfx?sf] u'gf;f] cWofb]z hf/L ug'{cl3 cfkm"x?nfO{ hfgsf/L lbOPg eGg] dfq 5 . k|d'v k|ltkIfL bnl;t o:tf] dfdnfdf k/fdz{ gug'{ ;QfkIfsf] e"n g} xf] . o:tf] uDeL/ k|s/0fdf ;/sf/ tyf k|d'v k|ltkIfaLr ;xdlt / ;dembf/L x'g' /fd|f] x'G5 . k|ltkIfn] c:jLsf/ u/]df dfq PSn} klg cl3 a9\g' k5{ . cWofb]zk|lt Pdfn] / /fk|kfsf] ;}4flGts c;xdlt b]lvGg . To;}n] ;/sf/n] o:tf] /fli6«o d'2fdf k|ltkIfl;t 5nkmn gul/Psf] e"n dx;"; ub}{ eljiodf o:tf] gx'g] ;f]r agfpg' k5{ .

;+;b z'? x'g] a]nfd} lsg cWofb]z hf/L ul/of] eGg] Pdfn]sf] cfklQnfO{ :jod\ Pdfn] ;Qfdf ePsf] a]nf ;bg z'? x'g'eGbf 7Ls cl3 / ;bg ;dfKt ePsf] nuQ} cWofb]z hf/L ePsf] -tTsfnLg Pdfn] g]tf jfdb]j uf}td pkk|=d= / u[xdGqL ePsf] a]nf_ b[i6fGtn] xf:of:kb 7x¥ofPsf] 5 . ;/sf/n] cWofb]z b/jf/ k7fPsf] / Toxf“af6 hf/L ePsf] ldlt hf“Rg] xf] eg] o;df ;/sf/sf] s'g} bf]if b]lvb}g .

cWofb]z ;fdfGo ljw]os jf ;/sf/sf] c? lg0f{o h:tf] xf]Og . of] >L % dxf/fhflw/fh ;Gt'i6 xf]OjS;]kl5 dfq hf/L x'g ;S5 . g]kfn clw/fHosf] ;+ljwfg @)$& sf] wf/f &@ df elgPsf] 5– æ;+;b\sf] b'a} ;bgsf] clwj]zg rln/x]sf] cj:yfdf afx]s cGo cj:yfdf tTsfn s]xL ug{ cfjZos k/]sf] 5 eGg] s'/fdf >L % ;Gt'i6 xf]OaS;]df o; ;+ljwfgdf n]lvPsf s'/fx?sf] k|lts"n gx'g] u/L df};"kmaf6 cfjZos ;lDemaS;]sf] cWofb]z hf/L ug{ ;lsaS;g]5 .Æ

o;/L >L % dxf/fhflw/fh æ;Gt'i6Æ xf]OaS;]/ df};"kmaf6 hf/L ePsf] cWofb]zsf] lj?4 hfg dgf]gLt ;f+;bx?n] gldNg] :ki6 5 .

c;Gt'i6x? 5l/P

k|ltkIfLx?sf] k|xf/n] ubf{ ;Qf?9 bnnfO{ Ps l9Ssf kfb}{5 . lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnfO{ k|=d=kbaf6 x6fpg ;+;bLo bndf cljZjf; k|:tfj g} Nofpg] ;f+;bx? klg qmdzM ;/sf/sf] arfp ug{ cl3 ;b}{5g\ . ;+;bdf ;a} k|ltkIfn] ;/sf/dfly k|xf/ ubf{ klg g]sf ;f+;b df}g /x]sf]df :jod\ s[i0fk|;fb e§/fO{n] ;+;bleq ;QfkIfsf ;f+;bnfO{ emkfg'{ ePsf] lyof] . pxf“n] lj/f]wLx?n] ;/sf/sf] oqf] cfnf]rgf ubf{ tkfO+{x?n] lsg k|ltjfb gu/]sf] eGb} eGg'eof]– af]Ng cfp“b}g eg] d;+u l;Sg';\, ^–^ 306f af]Ng';\ . ;QfkIfsf ;a} ;f+;bn] cfkm\gf] ;/sf/sf] arfp ug'{k5{ . e§/fO{n] cl:t a'wjf/ b]zsf] l:yltaf/] 5nkmn ug{ a'l4hLjLx?nfO{ 8fSg'ePsf] lyof] . 5nkmndf pxf“ cfkm\gf] ljrf/ eGg]eGbf c?sf] wf/0ff a'em\g tNnLg x'g'eof] . t/ To;sf] ;dfrf/ ;Dk|]if0f ug]{ qmddf 8f=gf/fo0f v8\sfn] e§/fO{sf] æcfzoÆ g]=sf=sf] lxtnfO{ Wofgdf /fvL sf]O/fnfn] ;/sf/af6 x6]/ ljsNksf] af6f] tof/ ug'{k5{ eGg] lyof] eg]sf]df e§/fO{n] t'?Gt} cfklQ hgfpg' ePsf] lyof] . e}+;]kf6L ;"q cg';f/, e§/fO{n] 8f=v8\sfnfO{ d]/f] egfO{sf] JofVof tkfO{+n] s;/L ug'{eof] / s;/L o:tf] ;dfrf/ lbg'eof] egL c;Gt'li6 k|s6 ug'{ePsf] lyof] .

k|wfgdGqLn] k6s–k6s cfu|x ubf{ æ;d"xsf] lg0f{oÆsf sf/0f dGqL aGg gkfPsf z]/axfb'/ b]pjf kIfsf ;f+;bx? k5'tfpg yfn]sf 5g\ . lgs} nfdf] ;do ;+3if{ u/]kl5 pgLx?n] dGqL aGg kfPsf] cj;/ o;/L u'd]sf]df To;sf] bf]if b]pjfnfO{ lb+b} cj k|wfgdGqL;+u ;DjGw ;'wfg]{ k|oTgdf nfu]sf 5g\ . oxf“;Ddls cl:t;Dd nfp8f k|s/0fdf k|wfgdGqLn] /fhLgfdf lbg}k5{, To;sf/0f s]xL lbgsf] nflu dfq ;/sf/df ;fd]n eP/ lsg la6'nf] x'g] eGg] ts{ ug]{x? cj æ;Qf?9 kf6L{df x'g'sf] lhDd]jf/L lgefpgÆ nfp8fdf s'g} e|i6frf/ ePsf] 5}g egL ;/sf/sf] arfp ug{ 9fn aGg ;d]t cu|;/ ePsf 5g\ .

cfkm\g} kf6L{sf] ;/sf/ ePsf] a]nf s'g} gLltut dte]b a]u/ ;Qfdf ghfg] lg0f{o ug'{ e"n /x]5 eGg] pQm æ;d"xÆn] dx;'; ug{ yfn]sf] cfef; kfOG5 . sbflrt cfkm"n] ;fy glbPsf] sf/0fn] g} ;/sf/ 9Nof] eg] To;af6 x'g] u+eL/ kl/0ffdsf] eflubf/ cfkm}++ x'g'kg]{ cfz+sfn] klg c;Gt'i6 ;f+;bx?nfO{ ;/sf/df nfUg k|]l/t u/]sf] kfOG5 .

sf]O/fnfn] ;Qf Tofu] kl5 ;Qfsf] afu8f]/ bf];|f] k':tfsf g]tfx?n] g} ;DxfNg' kg]{ l:yltdf ;Qf?9 kf6L{sf] k"0f{ ax'dt x'“bfx'“b} k|ltkIfsf] bjfjdf k|wfgdGqLn] /fhLgfdf lbg jfWo x'g] xf] eg] kl5 cfkm}+n] o;sf] b':kl/0ffd ef]Ug'kg]{ cj:yfsf] kl/sNkgf u/]/ c;Gt'i6 kIfsf k|efjzfnL g]tfx? klg cfkm\gf] c;xof]ufTds gLltdf k'g/ljrf/ ug{ nfu]sf 5g\ . ;+;bdf x'g] s'g} klg dtbfgdf pkl:yt x'g / ;/sf/sf] kIfdf dtbfg ug{ pgLx? sfg'gtM g} jfWo 5g\ . To; ;d'xsf ;+/Ifs dflgg' x'g] k"j{ k|wfgdGqL e§/fO{n] :jo+n] ;/sf/sf] kIfdf af]Ng lgb]{zg lbg' ePsf]n] Tof] ;d"x emg\ ljeflht ePsf] 5 . c;Gt'i6 kIfaf6 s'g} klg a]nf k|wfgdGqL lj?4 vt/gfs sbd rfNg] ;+efjgf /x] klg ;+;bsf] ;Gbe{df eg] Tof] vt/f 6/]sf] 5 . k'gu{l7t dlGqkl/ifb\n] sfd yfn]kl5 / k|wfgdGqLn] c;Gt'i6 kIf;+u ;xof]u dfu]kl5 Tof] æ;d"xÆsf] Pstf ljyf]lnPsf] 5 .

>L % åf/f dt ;+sng

k|ltlglw;efåf/f b'O{k6s kfl/t u/]/ :jLs[ltsf nflu b/jf/ k7fOPsf] ljw]os ;fdfGotM nfndf]x/ nfu]/ kmls{;Sg' kg]{ ;do klg sl6;s]kl5 >L % dxf/fhflw/fhaf6 pQm ljw]osaf/] ljleGg /fhgLlts bnsf g]tfx?;+u 5nkmn k|f/De ul/jS;]sf] 5 /// of] k|;+u xf]– gful/stf ;DjGwL ljw]ossf] . k|ltlglw;efdf cl3Nnf] clwj]zgd} ;+ljwfg cg';f/ k"0f{ ax'dtåf/f kf; eP/ :jLs[ltsf nflu To;} a]nf k7fOPsf] lyof] . t/fO{af;Lsf] gful/stfsf] ;d:ofnfO{ b[li6ut u/]/ NofOPsf] pQm ljw]osdf Pdfn]n] å}w e"ldsf lgefpg] u/]sf] 5 . z'?df ;f] kf6L{ ljw]os kfl/t xf];\ eGg]lt/ nfu]sf] lyof] eg] kl5 -;+ejtM st}sf] bjfjdf_ /fli6«o;efdf eg] To;sf] lj?4 nfUof] . dfn], dgf]lgt ;f+;b / cGo bnx?n] klg pQm ljw]ossf] lj/f]w ul//x]sf 5g\ . pQm ljw]os P]g ag]kl5 u}/ g]kfnLn] klg g]kfnsf] gful/stf kfpg] ;+efjgf a9\g] cfz+sfn] of] ljjfb pTkGg ePsf] xf] . t/ k|ltlglw;efn] kfl/t ul/;s]sf] æcy{ ljw]osÆnfO{ c:jLs[t ug]{ jf lkmtf{ k7fpg] clwsf/ >L % nfO{ klg 5}g . g]kfn clw/fHosf] ;+ljwfg cg';f/ cy{ ljw]os jfx]s c? ljw]os dfq >L % af6 lkmtf{ k7fpg ;lsjS;G5 . t/, of] ljw]os cy{ ljw]ossf] ?kdf k|:t't ePsf] ;j{ljlbt} 5 .

>L % af6 xfn} o; ;DjGwdf k|d'v ljkIfL bn g]skf Pdfn]sf dxf;lrj dfwjs'df/ g]kfn, /fk|kf cWoIf ;"o{axfb'/ yfkf, g]kfn ;b\efjgf kf6L{sf /fli6«o cWoIf uh]Gb|gf/fo0f l;+x,

dfn] dxf;lrj afdb]j uf}td;+u ;'emfj lnOaS;]sf] 5 . hfgsf/ ;"q cg';f/, c? kf6L{sf g]tfx?;+u ;fdfGo cf}krfl/stfjz ;'emfj dfluaS;]sf] lyof] eg] dfn] dxf;lrj jfdb]j uf}td / ;b\efjgfsf cWoIf uh]Gb|gf/fo0f l;+x;+u ljz]if cle?lrk"j{s 5nkmn ul/aS;]sf] lyof] . t/fO{sf g]tf / gful/stf ;d:ofsf] ;DaGwdf ljz]if ?kn] rrf{df cfO/xg] uh]Gb|gf/fo0f l;+xn] g]kfnsf] t/fO{ If]qdf gful/stf ;d:of hl6n /x]sf, 7"nf kf6L{x? Tof] ;d:ofk|lt u+eL/ g/x]sf] / gful/stf ;d:of xn ug{ ;+ljwfg g} ;+zf]wg ug'{kg]{ ;'emfj lbPsf lyP . l;+xn] >L % ;dIf ;+;baf6 kfl/t pQm ljw]osdf :jLs[lt k|bfg ug'{ plrt x'g] ljrf/ JoQm ub}{ ljw]os ;+ljwfg;+u aflemPsf] /x]5 eg] ;jf]{Rr cbfntdf d'2f k5{ / cbfntn] vf/]h u5{ eGg] ;'emfj lbPsf lyP . o; ljk/Lt dfn] dxf;lrj jfdb]j uf}td ljw]os ;+ljwfg;Ddt gePsf] / /fli6«o lxts} lj?4 /x]sf] ljrf/ JoQm ub}{ pQm ljw]os sfg"g ag]df g]kfn l;lSsd / lkmhL h:t} x'g] cfz+sf k|s6 u/]sf lyP . uf}tdn] g]skf -dfn]_n] ut ebf}df u7g u/]sf] sfo{bnsf] k|ltj]bgsf] Psk|lt >L % df r9fp“b} gful/stf ljw]osdf :jLs[lt k|bfg gug{ >L % nfO{ laGtL u/]sf lyP .

cWofb]z lj?4 Pdfn]sf] k|:tfj

@)%&÷!)÷@*

>L ;lrj
k|ltlglw;ef,
l;+xb/af/ .

ljifoM– cWofb]z c:jLsf/ ug]{ ;"rgf .

pNn]lvt ljifo ;DaGwdf k|ltlglw;ef lgodfjnL, @)%$ sf] lgod !)$ sf] pk–lgod -!_ / -@_ jdf]lhd @)%& df3 @^ ut]sf] a}7sdf k]z ul/Psf] æ;z:q k|x/L cWofb]z, @)%&Æ nfO{ b]xfo jdf]lhdsf] sf/0fn] c:jLsf/ ug{ k|ltlglw;ef lgodfjnL @)%$ sf] lgod !)% sf] pklgod -!_ / -@_ cg';f/ lgDgfg';f/sf] k|:tfjsf] ;"rgf u/]sf] 5' .

!= g]kfn clw/fHosf] ;+ljwfg @)$& n] b'O{ ;bg ePsf] Joj:yflksfsf] Joj:yf ub}{ ckjfbsf] ?kdf dfq ;+;b grln/x]sf] cj:yfdf tTsfn s]xL ug{ cfjZos k/]df cWofb]z hf/L ug{ ;lsg] k|fjwfg /x]sf] 5 . o;} cg'?k k|ltlglw;ef lgodfjnL @)%$ sf] lgod !)$ sf] pklgod -@_ n] cWofb]z hf/L ug'{k/]sf] kl/l:ylt / sf/0f;d]t vf]nL ;f] sf] ljj/0f ;bgdf k]z ug'{kg]{ :ki6 Joj:yf u/]sf] 5 . o;af6 Psbd} ckjfbsf] cj:yfdf dfq cWofb]z hf/L ug{ ;lsg] k|i6 5 . k|:t't cWofb]z pNn]lvt ;+j}wflgs Joj:yfsf] ljkl/t hf/L ul/Psf] 5 .

@= ;+ljwfg / lgodfjnLsf] pNn]lvt Joj:yf cf}krfl/stf lgjf{x ug{sf] nflu xf]Og . ;bgdf k]z ul/Psf] ljj/0fn] cf}krfl/stf dfq k'¥ofPsf] 5 / cWofb]z hf/L ug]{ cfwf/ :yflkt ug{ eg] k"0f{tM c;kmn /x]sf] 5 . ;bgdf k|:t't ljj/0fn] ætTsfnsf] cfjZostfÆ b]vfp“b}g . lglj{jfb ?kdf w]/} nfdf] ;dob]lv b]lvPsf] ;d:ofsf] ;Gbe{df :yfoL ;+oGq lgdf{0fsf] k|:tfj cWofb]zn] u/]sf] k|i6 5 . of] cWofb]z ;DalGwt ;+j}wflgs k|fjwfg, lgodfjnLsf] pNn]lvt Joj:yf / ;+;bLo cEof;sf] k|lts'n hf/L ul/Psf] 5 .

#= cWofb]z hf/L ul/Psf] ef]lnkN6 ;+;bsf] clwj]zg cfx\jfg ug{ dlGqkl/ifb\n] l;kmfl/z u/]sf] 5 . g]kfn clw/fHosf] ;+ljwfg @)$& sf] wf/f %# sf] pkwf/f -!_ n] b'O{ clwj]zgaLr ^ dlxgfeGbf a9L cjlwsf] km/s x'g gx'g] / k|ltlglw;ef lgodfjnL @)%$ sf] lgod -#_ n] clwj]zg cfx\jfgsf] ;"rgf slDtdf !% lbg cufj} lbg' kg]{ Joj:yf u/]sf] 5 . k|:t't ;Gbe{df o; k6ssf] lxp“b] clwj]zgsf] k|f/De @)%& kmfu'g @ ut] cufj} x'g uO/x]sf] tYo Psflt/ ;a}nfO{ k|i6 lyof] / csf]{lt/ dlGqkl/ifb\n] cWofb]z hf/L u/]sf] ef]lnkN6} clwj]zg cfx\jfgsf] l;kmfl/z u/]sf] 5 . o;af6 ;+ljwfgsf] Joj:yfnfO{ 5Ng vf]lhPsf] / ;+j}wflgs clwsf/sf] b'?kof]u ePsf] k|i6 x'G5 .

$= cWofb]zsf ;fy k|:t't ljj/0fnfO{ dfGotf lbg] xf] eg] ;+;b cf}krfl/stf lgjf{x ug{] ynf]sf] ?kdf kl/0ft x'g]5 . k|:t't cWofb]z ;+;bnfO{ sfo{sfl/0fLsf] :j]R5frfl/tfnfO{ /j/ 5fk nufO{ lbg] lgsfosf ?kdf ?kfGt/0f ug]{ rfxgfn] k|]l/t /x]sf] b]lvG5 .

%= ;fj{ef}d;Qf ;DkGg hgtfsf] k|ltlglw ;+:yf ;+;bnfO{ cf}krfl/stf lgjf{x ug]{ ynf]sf] ?kdf kl/0ft x'g glbg cWofb]z hf/L ug]{ clwsf/sf] b'?kof]udf /f]s nufpg' cfjZos 5 .

^= t;y{ æ;z:q k|x/L cWofb]z, @)%& nfO{ c:jLsf/ ul/of];\Æ eGg] k|:tfj k|:t't ub{5' .

k|:tfj k|:t'tstf{M– ;'efifrGb| g]Djfª, qmd;+VofM– !*!

Pdfn]n] /fli6«o;efdf klg oxL Joxf]/fsf] k|:tfj -;"rgf_ btf{ u/fPsf] 5 . /fli6«o;efdf rflx+ ;f+;b ;'/]Gb|k|;fb kf08]sf] gfdaf6 btf{ ePsf] 5 .

;+;bdf s] eO/x]sf] 5 <

clxn] h'g ljifodf p7]/ ;bg lbgx'“ cj/f]wdf k/]sf] 5, k|d'v k|ltkIfL nufotsf ljkIfLx?n] h;nfO{ d"n ljifo dfg]/ ;bg rNg lbPsf 5}gg\ Tof] ljifo nfp8f ljdfg k|s/0fsfaf/] ;/sf/sf] wf/0ff s] xf] eGg] rflx+ ;bgdf k|j]z;Dd x'g kfPsf] 5}g . ;+;bdf kIf–ljkIfaf6 s'g} ljifo p7], p7fOP/ / Tof] ljjflbt aGg k'Uof] eg] ;/sf/sf tkm{af6 k|ltlglwTj ub}{ s'g} dGqLnfO{ af]Ng lbg] ;bgsf] ;fdfGo k|rng xf] . ;/sf/n] hjfkm lbg'k5{ eGg] dfu k6s–k6s ljkIfn] g} p7fp“b} cfpg] u/]sf ljutsf pbfx/0f 5g\ . ut d+unjf/ klg ;efd'vn] ToxL k|rng cg';f/ dGqLnfO{ of] ljifodf af]Ng ;do lbg' ePsf] lyof] . t/ ;bgsf tL tLg lbg;Dd dGqLn] of] k6s Tof] ljifodf af]Ng kfPgg\ . af]Ng egL x/]s k6s /f]i6ddf dGqL k'Ugf;fy ljkIfn] 3]/fp ul/xfNg] / gf/fafhL u/]/ cj/f]w kfg]{ sfd lxhf] klg hf/L /x\of] . lxp“b] clwj]zg z'? ePsf] ( lbg eof] . of] cjlwdf z'?sf lbg df3 @^ ut] ;a} kf6L{sf tkm{af6 cf}krfl/s efif0f u/]kl5 ;bgsf cGo sf/jfxL cl3 a9fpg egL tf]lsPsf $ lbgdWo] s'g} klg lbg cf}krfl/s sfo{qmdn] k|j]z kfPsf 5}gg\ . a}7s lgoldt ?kd} !! ah] z'? x'g] / ;efd'vn] ;bgsf] sf/jfxL cl3 a9fpg] hfgsf/L u/fpgf;fy xf]xNnf aLr /f]i6d 3]g]{ qmddf ;bgdf !# 306f lat] . ;fj{hlgs labfsf] cl3Nnf] lbg ;fdfGotofM a}7s /flvG5 . sf/jfxL cl3 a9fpg glbPs} sf/0f of] k6s, lxhf] ;efd'vn] Ps}rf]6L kf“r lbgkl5 a}7s a:g] u/L :ylut ug'{eof] . Ps jf b'O{ lbg ;bgdf ult/f]w b]lvPkl5 ;DalGwt ljifosf] uf“7f] km'sfpg ;Qf / ljkIf ldn]/ ;bg kl/;/df a}7sx? x'g] uy]{ . of] k6s rf/ lbg;Dd ;bg cj/f]wdf k/] klg lxhf];Dd To:tf Pp6f klg a}7s a;]sf] kfOPg . ;efd'vn] ;bg :ylut u/]sf] ;"rgf hf/L u/]kl5 ljkIf cfkm\g} sfof{no tkm{ / ;QfkIf tyf dGqLx? cf–cfkm\g} sfdtkm{ nfUg] u/]sf lyP .

;bgdf lj/f]w ug]{ ;Gbe{df lxhf] k|d'v k|ltkIfL bnn] cfkm\g} sfo{qmd klg ;bgdf k|j]z x'g lbPg . k"j{ lgwf{l/t sfo{qmd cg';f/ lxhf] k//fi6« ;DaGw tyf dfgj clwsf/ ;ldltsf tkm{af6 ;ldltsf ;efklt ;f]dk|;fb kf08]n] g]kfnu~h sf/fuf/ zfvfdf ePsf] uf]nL sf08sf] :ynut cWoogaf6 tof/ ePsf] k|ltj]bg k]z ug]{ sfo{qmd lyof] . kf08] g]skf Pdfn]sf ;f+;b x'g'x'G5 . pxf“nfO{ ;efd'vn] ;do lbg'eof] . Tolt g} v]/ Pdfn]sf cGo ;f+;bx? s';L{af6 p7]/ /f]i6d 3]g{ k'luxfn] . Pdfn]s} Pshgf ;f+;b k|ltj]bg af]s]/ /f]i6«ddf plEeO/xg' ePsf] / Pdfn]s} af“sL ;f+;b /f]i6«d 3]/fp u/]/ gf/fafhL nufO/x]sf b[Zox? lxhf] ;+;b kl/;/df lgs} rlr{t /x] . ;fdfGotofM cfkm"n] jf cfkm\gf tkm{af6 hf] sf]xLn] k|:t't ug]{ ;fdu|Ldf ;+;bsf] ;f] kIfsf s'g} klg ;f+;bn] lj/f]w jf lgodfklQ;Dd u/]/ klg cj/f]w Nofpg] ub}{glyP .

ænfp8f Po/ ef8fdf Nofp“bf k|wfgdGqLsf] ;+nUgtf b]lvof], To;df Jofks e|i6frf/ ePsf x'“bf pxf“n] /fhLgfdf lbP/ 5fglagsf nflu af6f] vf]Ng' eGbf csf]{ ljsNk 5}g .Æ Pdfn]n] ;bgdf p7fPsf] k|d'v dfu oxL Pp6f dfq xf] . af]Nbf klg oxL zAbdf pQm ljifo p7fOg] u/]sf] 5 . nfp8f Po/df e|i6frf/ eof] eGg] Pp6} dfq 7x/sf] Pp6} dfq cfwf/kq klg ;fj{hlgs n]vf ;ldltsf] k|ltj]bgnfO{ cl3 ;fg]{ ul/Psf] 5 . t/ of] k|ltj]bg clxn];Dd ;bgdf k]z ePsf] 5}g . cl:t;Dd ;efd'vn] cf}krfl/s ?kd} pQm k|ltj]bg cfkm\gf] hfgsf/Ldf of] a]nf;Dd gcfPsf] egL ;bgnfO{ g} hgfpg'eof] . cgf}krfl/s v];|f, d:of}bf afx]s Tof] k|ltj]bgsf] clGtd ?k klg agL g;s]sf] ;ldlts} ;b:ox?n] ;bgdf g} atfpg] u/]sfaf6 klg of] Tof] k|ltj]bg lg0ff{os txdf k'uL g;s]sf] :ki6 u5{ . ;+;bLo ;ldltn] lbg] s'g} klg k|ltj]bg To;sf ;efklt dfkm{t\ ;bgdf k|:t't ul/G5 . To;kl5 Tof] ;+;bsf] clen]vdf r9\b5 . clxn];Dd To;n] o; k|sf/sf] cf}krfl/s ?k kfPsf] 5}g . ;+;bdf k]z;Dd klg ePsf] 5}g . a'wjf/ ;Qf?9 bnsf ;f+;bx?n] e|i6frf/ ePsf] ljifo egL h;nfO{ p7fOPsf] 5 / l;+uf] k|ltkIfn] h;nfO{ k|df0fsf ?kdf k|:t't ub}{5 Tof] k|ltj]bg ;bgdf k]z ug{ dfu u/]sf lyP . s]xLn] t Pdfn] :jo+n] nfp8f k|s/0fsf] :jtGq cWoog u/]sf] eP ;bgdf k|:t't ul/of];\ eGb} cfkm"nfO{ Pdfn]n] To:tf] cWoog u/] u/fPsf] eGg] st} hfgsf/L gePsf] hfgsf/L u/fPsf lyP . ;bgdf p7\g], p7fOg] / lg0f{o ul/g], u/fOg] x/]s ljifosf] p7fg cf}krfl/s ?kd} x'g] u5{g\ . t/ rf/j6f a}7s cj?4 ePsf] of] k6ssf] ljifonfO{ Pdfn]n] of] a]nf;Dd klg cf}krfl/s ?k glbPsf] u'gf;f] ug{ ;f+;bx? klg b]lvP . ;+;bsf ultljlw lgofNg] ko{j]Ifsx?sf cg';f/ klg olt 7"nf] xf]xNnf ePsf] / k|wfgdGqLn] /fhLgfdf lbg' afx]s bf];|f] ljsNk g/x]sf] 7x/ u/L kf“r–kf“r j6f kf6L{n] Pp6} :j/ ldnfPsf] ljifosf] j}wflgs ?k ;bgdf k|:t't g} ePsf] 5}g . t/ Pdfn] rflx+ of] s'/f :jLsf/ ug]{ kIfdf b]lvPg .

…alxisf/ ug'{, /f]i6«d 3]g'{ k|ltsfTds lj/f]w xf], o;nfO{ ;w} ToxL ?kaf6 nfg' x'“b}gÚ g]kfn ;b\efjgf kf6L{n] d+unjf/b]lv of] cleofgsf] g]t[Tj ul//x]sf] Pdfn]sf] ;fy 5f8\of] . Pdfn]n] u/]sf] lnlvt cfu|xnfO{ klg ;b\efjgfn] o:t} hjfkm lbPsf] 5 . lxhf]sf] /f]i6«d 3]/fpnfO{ /f=k|=kf=n] klg ;fy glbg] ePsf] lyof] . kf6L{ut lg0f{o e} g;s]sf] x'“bf p;n] g 3]/fp g /fhLgfdfsf] dfu 5f8\g] aLrdf a;]sf] kfOof] . lxhf];Dd /f=k|=kf= /f]i6«d 3]g{ uPsf] b]lvPg .

ljBfyL{x?sf] r'gfj rls{of]

cfufdL kmfu'g !$ ut] clw/fHoel/sf SofDk;x?df x'g] :jtGq ljBfyL{ o'lgogsf] lgjf{rgdf g]kfnL sf+u|];sf] eft[ ;+u7g g]=lj=;+3 / jfdkGyL ljBfyL{x?aLr s8f k|lt:kwf{ x'g] cg'dfg e}/x]sf] a]nf lxhf];Dddf /fhwfgLs} b'O{ j6f SofDk;df g]=lj=;+3sf] Kofgn lglj{/f]w lgjf{lrt ePsf] 5 .

g]kfn ljBfyL{ ;+3 s]Gb|Lo sfof{nosf cg';f/, klAns o'y SofDk;df k"/} Kofgn / hgk|zf;g SofDk;df ;efklt afx]s cGo kbdf g]=lj=;+3sf pDd]bjf/x? lglj{/f]w lgjf{lrt ePsf 5g\ . klAns o'y SofDk;df lglj{/f]w lgjf{lrt x'g]x?df /jLGb|nfn xf8f ;efklt, ljho k|hfklt pk;efklt, /fhg lqkf7L ;lrj, g/]z dfgGw/ ;x–;lrj, /flwsf tfdfª sf]iffWoIf /x]sf 5g\ . To;}u/L, ;b:ox?df s[i0f dxh{g, ljho sfsL{, ;lhts'df/ >]i7, z/0f zfxL k|Nxfb l;njfn, bLk >]i7, ;f]let >]i7, /f]zg >]i7 / dlgif dxh{g lglj{/f]w lgjf{lrt ePsf 5g\ . ptf hgk|zf;g SofDk;df klg ;efklt afx]s k'/} Kofgn ;+3sf pDd]bjf/ ljhoL ePsf 5g\ . o;/L lgjf{lrt x'g]x?df pk;efkltdf sdn/fh clwsf/L, ;lrjdf ;'jf; zdf{, ;x–;lrjdf /fdrGb| cf]emf, sf]iffWoIfdf >LdtL ld7' yfkf /x]sf 5g eg] ;b:ox?df ljGb'k|;fb cof{n, uf]ljGb hf]zL …8f]6]nLÚ, k'0o/fd kf}8]n, nf]s]Gb|axfb'/ v8\sf, s[i0fxl/ k'is/ s0f{ / c?0f ld> ljhoL ePsf 5g\ . ;f] SofDk;df g]=lj=;+3sf tkm{af6 ;efklt kbdf /d]z /fodfemLsf] pDd]bjf/L k/]sf] 5 . g]kfns} ;aeGbf 7"nf] 5fq SofDk; kb\dsGofdf g]=lj=;+3sf tkm{af6 ;efkltdf pld{nf k+lh{of/ / ;lrjdf ljlgtf clwsf/Ln] pDd]bjf/L lbPsf 5g\ eg] Pdfn] clvnsf] tkm{af6 -Pdfn]_ ;efkltdf snf ltldlN;gf / dfn] clvnaf6 /fds'df/L emfsLsf] pDd]bjf/L k/]sf] 5 . kb\dsGofdf g]=lj=;+3n] lhTg] k|foM lglZrt 5 . ljut nfdf] ;dob]lv g]=lj=;+3sf] sAhfdf /x“b} cfPsf] z+s/b]j SofDk;df ;+3sf tkm{af6 ;efkltdf k|Hjn a:g]t / ;lrjdf 1flgg /fO{ pDd]bjf/ ag]sf 5g\ eg] Pdfn] clvnsf tkm{af6 ;efkltdf ldng kGt pDd]bjf/ ag]sf 5g\ . z+s/b]jdf klg g]=lj= ;+3sf] ljho ;'lglZrt h:t} 5 . g]kfn sdz{ SofDk; ldgejgdf ;+3sf gf/fo0f ef/tL, Pdfn] clvnsf cfgGb >]i7 / dfn] clvnsf tkm{af6 ef]nf kf}8]nsf] KofgnaLr k|lt:kwf{ x'“b}5 .

c:sndf g]=lj=;+3sf /fdk|;fb clwsf/L, Pdfn] clvnsf e/t 9'jfn / dfn] clvnsf 6]08L z]kf{sf] Kofgn aLr lqkIfLo le8Gt x'“b}5 . cf/=cf/=df g]=lj=;+3sf e'k]Gb| /fO{, Pdfn] clvnsf ljgf]b d~hg / dfn] clvnsf Zofd/fh /fO{sf] KofgnaLr lqkIfLo k|lt:kwf{ x'“b}5 . ;/:jtL SofDk;df ;efklt kbdf pQd ld> / ;lrjdf /fh' kf7sn] g]=lj=;+3sf tkm{af6 k|lt:kwf{ ub}{5g\ . g]kfn n SofDk;df g]=lj=;+3sf ljgf]b zfx / cfgGb/fh lqkf7L qmdzM ;efklt / ;lrj kbsf nflu r'gfjL d}bfgdf plqPsf 5g\ eg] Pdfn] clvnn] ho/fd yfkfnfO{ ;efkltsf] pDd]bjf/ agfPsf] 5 . n SofDk;df dfn]sf tkm{af6 xf]d bf]ª ;efklt kbsf] pDd]bjf/ ag]sf 5g\ . nlntsnf SofDk;sf] ;efklt kbdf g]=lj=;+3sf /d0f u'?ª / Pdfn] clvnsf lbk]zdfg k|wfg pDd]bjf/ ag]sf 5g\ .

To;}u/L, eQmk'/ SofDk;df g]=lj=;+3sf hLjg vqL / Pdfn] clvnsf /fh]Gb| bfxfn, ;fgf]l7dL SofDk;df g]=lj=;+3sf ef]h/fh e';fn / Pdfn] clvnsf g/]Gb| 9sfn / dx]Gb| df]/ª SofDk;df g]=lj=;+3sf k"hf sf]O/fnf, Pdfn] clvnsf ;fu/ yfkf / dfn] clvnsf kf?n If]qLsf] g]t[Tjdf /x]sf] KofgnaLr tLj| k|lt:kwf{ x'“b}5 . dx]Gb| ax'd'vL SofDk; g]kfnu~hdf g]=lj=;+3sf bLksk|;fb e08f/L, Pdfn] clvnsf /Tgaxfb'/ vqL / dfn] clvnsf eLd cf]nL, ljZjefiff SofDk; sf7df8f}+df g]=lj=;+3sf ;'lgn j}B / Pdfn] clvnsf lktfDa/ ltldlN;gfn] ;efklt kbsf nflu k|lt:kwf{ ub}{5g\ . jjO{ ax'd'vL SofDk; u'nl/ofdf afns[i0f uf}td g]=lj=;+3sf tkm{af6 ;efklt kbsf] pDd]bjf/ ag]sf 5g\ eg] dgf]x/f SofDk;df /fhg ;'j]bL / dx]Gb|/Tg ax'd'vL SofDk; Onfddf d+un d]g]ª\ujf]n] g]=lj=;+3sf tkm{af6 pDd]bjf/L lbPsf 5g\ . k'Nrf]s OlGhlgol/ªdf g]=lj=;+3sf lbg]z e§ / Pdfn] clvnsf ;'/h nfld5fg], d]l8l;g SofDk; dxf/fhu~hdf g]=lj=;+3sf /fh' >]i7 / clvnsf b]j/Tg rf}w/Lsf] Kofgn aLr s8f k|lt:kwf{ x'“b}5 . lxhf] a]n'sL;Dd klg pDd]bjf/Lsf] 6'uf] nfUg g;s]sf lqljlj sLlt{k'/, lqrGb|, kf6g ;+o'Qm, afNdLls, dx]Gb|/Tg tfxfrn nufotsf SofDk;df cfh} g]=lj=;+3n] pDd]bjf/Lsf] clGtd 6'+uf] nufpg] ePsf] 5 .

h; cg';f/ lqljlj sLlt{k'/df cho kf}8]n, u0f]z ltldlN;gf, nf]s/fh e§, z]/axfb'/ e08f/L, lqrGb|df l;l4ljgf]b clwsf/L, ;/f]h yfkf, ;'/h sfkm\n], kf6g ;+o'Qmdf 5Ssaxfb'/ v8\sf, pd]z kf}8]n, of]u]Gb|| /fO{, jfNdLlsdf lji0f' kGyL, lkkndl0f l;Ub]n, zfGt v/]n, dx]Gb|/Tg tfxrndf d]3axfb'/ j~h/f, ab|L/fh kf08]dWo] Psn] ;efklt kbdf g]=lj=;+3sf tkm{af6 l6s6 kfpg] ;+efjgf 5 . To;}u/L lq=lj=lj sLlt{k'/df bLks cfrfo{ hubLz kf}8]n, 6Lsf u'?ªdWo] Psn] pk;efklt kbsf] l6s6 kfpg] ;+efjgf 5 .

ptf k[YjLgf/fo0f SofDk; kf]v/fdf clvnn] lxhf] g]=lj=;+3nfO{ dgf]gog kq ;d]t btf{ ug{ lbPg . clvnsf sfo{stf{x?n] g]=lj=;+3 ;dy{sx? dfly s'6lk6 ug'{sf ;fy} lgjf{rg clws[tnfO{ ;d]t xftkft u/]sf] atfOPsf] 5 .

ut :jljo' lgjf{rgdf s/La *) k|ltzteGbf a9L :yfgdf laho xfl;n u/]sf] g]=lj=;+3n] o; k6s klg cfkm"n] lht]sf SofDk;x?df jr{:j sfod} /fVg] ;+s]t b]lvPsf] 5 . k|foM ;a} SofDk;x?df Pdfn], dfn] / cGo jfd ;dy{s ljBfyL{ ;+u7gx?n] 5'§f5'§} Kofgn v8f u/]sfn] g]=lj=;+3sf] ljho cem ;xh ePsf] cg'dfg ul/Psf] 5 .

/fli6«o ;ef nfrf/ 5fof“ dfq <

clwj]zg k|f/De ePs} lbgb]lv ;+;b cj?4 5 . k|ltlglw;ef k|foM /fhgLlts bnsf åGå / xf]8jfhLsf] lzsf/ x'g] ;+efjgf eP/ g} b'O{ ;bgfTds k4lt sfod ul/Psf] xf], t/ oxf“ To;sf] ;'kl/0ffd b]lvg] u/]sf] 5}g . /fhgLlts bnx?n] /fli6«o;efdf klg k|ltlglw;efs} >]0fLsf jf s'g} sf/0fn] k'/:s[t ug'{ k/]sfx?nfO{ g} k7fpg] u/]sf] tyf dgf]gLt ;f+;bx? klg Ps b'O{ ckjfbafx]s k|foM /fhf / /fli6«o;efsf] ul/df Pjd\ lhDd]bf/L cg'?ksf gePsfn] /fli6«o;efdf klg /fhgLlts bnsf sdhf]/Laf6 u|:t x'g] u/]sf] 5 . clxn] klg /fli6«o;ef k|ltlglw;ef em}+ /f]lsPsf] 5 . k|ltlglw;efeGbf uxg / lhDd]bf/Lk"0f{ e"ldsf lgjf{x ug]{ ck]Iff ul/Psf] dflyNnf] ;bg tNnf] ;bgsf] nf5f/ 5fof“h:tf] ag]/ 6'n'6'n' x]/]/ a;]sf] 5 . of] cj/f]w slxn] / s;/L x6\nf < ;d:ofsf] lgsf; s] xf]nf < of] lh1f;fsf] ;Gbe{df æ;fKtflxs ljdz{Æn] ;Dks{ ubf{ /fli6«o;efsf pkfWoIf lr/~hLjLk|;fb l/hfnn] eGg'eof]–

Pdfn] nufotsf ljkIfLx?n] zfg]jflgn] nfp8f Po/ sDkgLsf] ljdfg ef8fdf Nofp“bf e|i6frf/ ePsf] cf/f]k nufp“b} k|=d=n] /fhLgfdf lbg'k5{ egL ;+;b cj?4 ul//x]sf 5g\ . b'O{ rf/ lbgleq ;bg k|efjsf/L 9+un] cufl8 a9\g] 5 / b]zdf clxn] ljBdfg zflGt ;'/Iff, e|i6frf/, ;'zf;gh:tf u+eL/ ljifosf] ;dfwfgsf nflu ;a} ;f+;bn] / ;a} kf6L{n] ;xof]uLsf] e"ldsf lgjf{x ug]{ eGg] dnfO{ nfU5 <

clxn]sf] ;Gbe{df ;+;bsf] k|fyldstf s] xf] t eGg] k|Zgdf pxf“ eGg'x'G5– dfcf]jfbL ;d:of, a]/f]huf/L ;d:of, e|i6frf/sf] lgoGq0f, nufot b]zL ljb]zL zlQmx?n] g]kfnnfO{ nufPsf cf/f]kx? h:t} aL=aL=;L= OG6/g]6 / u]d Knfg dfkm{t\ nufOPsf cf/f]kx?sf] Ps l9Ssf eP/ ;+;bn] ;fdgf ug'{k5{ . To;}u/L lxp“b] clwj]zg ljw]os clwj]zg klg ePsf]n] d'n'snfO{ cfjZos kg]{ sfg'gsf] lgdf{0f sfo{nfO{ klg of] ;+;bn] k|fyldstf lbg' k5{ . t/ k|ltkIfLx?n] k|foM ;/sf/nfO{ 9fNg / cfkm" ;/sf/df k'Ug] s'/fnfO{ k|fyldstf lbG5g\ . ;a} bnx?n] ljlw;Ddt ?kdf sfd u/] /fd|f] x'GYof] . clxn] d'n'sdf ljBdfg u+eL/ ;d:of / r'gf}tL;+u ;fdgf ug]{ ljifodf ;a} bnsf] bfloTj 5}g / < ljkIfLx?n] lj/f]wsf] lglDt dfq lj/f]w ug]{ xf] eg] ef]ln Pdfn] klg t ;/sf/df hfg ;S5 lg < lj/f]wsf nflu dfq lj/f]w ug]{ xf] eg] k|hftGq sxf“ /xG5 < hgtfsf cfjZostf sxf“ /xG5g\ < To;sf/0f ljkIfLx?n] ;fdfGo ljifodf ;+;bnfO{ gcNemfP/ /fli6«o r'gf}tLsf ljifox?df u+eL/tfk"j{s 5nkmn / ax; ug'{ kg]{ cfjZostf 5 .

jt{dfg ;/sf/åf/f k|:t't cWofb]zx? sfg'gtM o;} clwj]zgaf6 kfl/t x'g' kg]{ atfp“b} pxf“n] eGg'eof]– of] ljw]os clwj]zg ePsf]n] ;+;bdf k|:t't ljw]os dfly Jofks 5nkmn / ax; x'g'k5{ . d'n's / k|hftGqsf] ;'b[9Ls/0fsf nflu cfjZos cGo ljw]osx?nfO{ klg ;s];Dd rf“8} kfl/t ul/g'k5{ . s'g} ljw]os ck"0f{ 5g\ eg] ltgnfO{ km]l/ cWoogsf nflu ;ldltdf k7fpg' k5{ .

d'n'ssf] cv08tf, zflGt ;'/IffnfO{ r'gf}tL lbO/x]sf ljifox?df ;+;b s]lGb|t geP/ ;+;bsf] ax'd"No ;do ;fdfGo s'/fx?df clNemO/xg] xf] eg] d'n'snfO{ 7"nf] gf]S;fgL x'g] pxf“sf] wf/0ff 5 . nfp8f k|s/0fsf ;DaGwdf pkfWoIf l/hfnsf] egfO{ 5– nfp8fsf ljifodf clVtof/ b'?kof]u cg';Gwfg cfof]un] 5fglag ul//x]sf] 5 . clVtof/sf] km};nf gcfp“bf;Dd k|ltkIfLx? r'k nfu]/ a:g' g} plrt x'G5 . clxn] k|ltkIfLx? d'n'ssf ;fd' plePsf r'gf}tLk"0f{ ;d:ofsf] lg/fs/0fsf nflu OdfGbf/Lk"j{s nfUg' kg]{df cgfjZos lsl;dn] ;/sf/nfO{ …x\of/];Ú ug]{ sfddf ;Lldt x'g' plrt x'“b}g . ;/sf/ / k|ltkIfL ldn]/ Ps eP/ d'n's ;fd' /x]sf ljs/fn ;d:ofsf] lgsf; vf]Hg' k5{ eGg] dfu hgtfsf] klg 5 .

k|x/L / k|zf;gsf] dgf]an lub}{ uPsf] / jt{dfg ;/sf/k|lt hgtfsf] u'gf;f] a9\b} uPsf] jt{dfg cj:yfdf ;/sf/n] ;jeGbf klxnf hgtfsf] hLp wgsf] ;'/Iff Pjd\ k|x/Lsf] dgf]an a9fpg] ljifodf ;/sf/ u+eL/ x'g g;s]sf] wf/0ff pxf“n] JoQm ug'{eof] . k|hftGqk|lt hgtfsf] cf:yf glug{ lbg] ;DaGwdf lqmofzLn x'g / zflGt ;'Joj:yf ldnfpg ;/sf/n] lsg l9nfO{ e}/x]sf] 5 < ;/sf/n] s]nfO{ klv{/x]sf] 5 eGg] k|Zg klg pxf“n] ug'{eof] . g]sfsf lgi7fjfg g]tf l/hfnn] yKg'eof]– sf+u|];n] ljutdf h;/L Ps l9Ssf eP/ nfUbf !)$ jif]{ /f0ffzfxL, #) jif]{ k~rfotL Joj:yf w/fzfoL ePsf] lyof] . cfh klg d'n's / k|hftGq lj?4 lqmofzLn zlQmx?nfO{ k/f:t ug{ sf+u|]; Ps x'g}k5{ .

hgtfn] k6s–k6s ax'dt lb+bf klg g]kfnL sf+u|];n] hgdtsf] sb/ ug{ g;Sg' / cfkm\g} cfGtl/s snxsf sf/0f ;/sf/df :yfloTj sfod x'g g;Sg'df s;nfO{ bf]ifL 7x¥ofpg' x'G5 eGg] k|Zgsf] hjfkmdf pxf“n] eGg'eof]– æof] t k|hftGqjfbL kqsf/x?n] kQf nufP/ hg;dIf /fVg' k5{ .Æ Pp6f csf]{ k|Zgsf] hjfkmdf pxf“n] eGg'eof]– hgtfn] ;w} g]kfnL sf+u|];nfO{ ;fy lbPsf 5g\ . sf+u|];sf g]tf / sfo{stf{x?n] hgtfsf nflu OdfGbf/Lk"j{s sfd u/] eg] clxn] klg hgtf sf+u|];s} kIfdf 5 / ef]ln klg /xg] 5 . geP hgtfn] ljsNk vf]H5 . Tof] ljsNk k|hftflGqs x'g]5 jf ck|hftflGqs x'g]5 dnfO{ yfxf 5}g .

cfkm"n] sf+u|];sf zLif{ g]tfx?nfO{ k|hftGq k'g:yf{kgf kl5 sxf“ uNtL eof], sxf“ sdhf]/L eof] To;nfO{ s;/L ;Rofpg ;lsG5 eGg] ljifodf ;'emfj lbg] u/]sf] atfp“b} eGg'eof]– g]tfx? gftfjfb, s[kfjfb, ;'lsnf d'lsnfjfb, 6f7faf7fjfb cflb cflbaf6 k|efljt x'g'x'“b}g . t:s/jfb, sldzgjfb cflb cflbn] klg g]t[Tj k+lQmnfO{ cfkm\gf] k|efjdf kfg{ vf]H5g\ . g]tfx? To:tf] tTjaf6 6f9} a:g'k5{ . g]tfx? To:tf tTjaf6 3]l/g' eof] jf 3]l/Psf] e|d k¥of] eg] klg c;Gtf]if pTkGg x'G5 . ljb|f]x x'G5 . sfo{stf{x? cfkm\gf] g]tfnfO{ cfbz{ agfpg rfxG5g\ . To;}n] g]tfx? To:tf ljs[lt / sdhf]/Laf6 d'Qm x'g'k5{ . s'g} sf/0fn] s'g} uNtL ePdf, Tof] hfgsf/L x'gf;fy ;Rofpg' k5{, ;'wfg'{ k5{ . 9fs5f]k ug]{ / cjflG5t sfdnfO{ ;+/If0f lbg] ug'{x'“b}g . g]tfx?n] /fd|f] sfd u/]df ;a}lt/ /fd|f] k|efj k5{ . olb olta]nf klg hgtfnfO{ hLjg lbg ;lsPg, ;'/Iffsf] k|Tofe"lt lbg ;lsPg, e|i6frf/ pGd'ng ug{ ;lsPg eg], k|hftGq lbuf] x'g ;Sb}g . ca hgtf ;x]/ a:g ;Sg] cj:yfdf 5}gg\ . w]/} eO;Sof] . To;}n] g]tfx?n] ca ;dosf] u+eLo{tfnfO{ a'em\g ;Sg' k5{ .

/fli6«o;efsf] cf}lrTosf af/]df k|Zgx? p7fp“b}5g\ lg eGg] k|Zgsf] hjfkmdf pxf“sf] egfO{ lyof] – ljutdf To:tf k|Zgx? plAhP . s]xL sdL, sdhf]/L klg ePsf lyP . clxn] xfdL /fli6«o;efsf] ul/df cem a9fpg] k|oTgdf 5f}+ . s]xL xb;Dd To;df xfdLnfO{ ;kmntf klg ldn]sf] 5 . pkfWoIf l/hfnn] yKg'eof]– /fhfåf/f dgf]gLt ;f+;bx? klxn] ljkIfL a]Grdf a:by] . d sfo{jfxs cWoIf x'“bf pgLx?nfO{ ;QfkIfdf /fVg] Joj:yf ldnfP“ . ;+ljwfgsf] kl/sNkgf dd{ / efjgf cg'?k x]g]{ xf] eg] klg dgf]gLt ;f+;bx?n] ;/sf/sf] kIfdf /xg' k5{ . ljZjsf ;a} k|hftGqjfbL d'n'sx?df oxL k|fjwfg 5 . *) k|ltzt ljw]osx? cy{ ljw]ossf] 7Kkf nufP/ cfpg] ePsf]n] /fli6«o;efn] % lbg;Dd ljhg]z gkfP/ a:g' kg]{ cj:yf klg ;[hgf eof] . xfn} ePsf] ;j{bnLo a}7sdf ;efd'vn] klg /fli6«o;efsf] ul/df a9fpg] df}lvs cfZjf;g lbg' ePsf] 5 . ca Pp6f cfwf/ v8f u/]/ s'g cy{ ljw]os xf] s'g x}g eGg] dfkb08 5'6\ofpg] ;xdlt ePsf] 5 .Æ

ljutdf /fhfåf/f dgf]gLt ;f+;bn] ;/sf/sf] ljkIfdf dt hfx]/ u/]sf] / o;k6s ;/sf/åf/f k|:t't # j6f cWofb]z klg dgf]gLt ;f+;bx?sf] ;xof]u ljgf kfl/t x'g g;Sg] ljifotkm{ Wofgfsif{0f u/fp“bf pkfWoIf l/hfnsf] k|ltlqmof lyof]– /fhfaf6 dgf]gLt eGg] ljlQs} k|wfgdGqLsf] l;kmfl/z / ;xdltdf dgf]gLt ePsf] xfdL a'em\5f}+ . /fhf jf /fi6« k|d'vaf6 >L % sf] ;/sf/nfO{ ;xof]u / ;Nnfx lbgsf nflu pgLx?nfO{ dgf]gLt ul/Psf] xf] x'G5 . of] ;+;f/s} dfGotf xf] . lxhf] / cl:t klg dgf]gLt ;f+;bx? t6:y /x] . pgLx?n] af]Ng'' kg]{ t ;/sf/sf] kIfdf xf] . To;af6 d clnslt cfzfjfbL ePsf] 5' . pxf“x?n] ;/sf/nfO{ ;xof]u t ug'{ ePg t/ lj/f]w klg ug'{ ePg . of] klg z'e ;+s]t xf] .

gful/stf ljw]osdf   ;a}sf] rf;f]

gful/stf ;d:of ;dfwfg x'g] ljZjf;sf;fy NofPsf] gful/stf ;+zf]wg ljw]os olta]nf rrf{ / ljjfbsf] ljifo alg/x]sf] 5 . k|ltlglw;efaf6 ax'dtn] kfl/t u/]sf] pQm ljw]os nfndf]x/sf nflu >L % ;dIf k'u]sf] 5 . >L % af6 nfndf]x/ gnfUg] xf] ls eGg] cfz+sf al9/x]s} a]nf nfndf]x/ gnfu]df ;+j}wflgs lgsf; s] xf]nf cyjf of] ljw]os /fhgLlt d'2f ag]/ cbfnt k'Unf ls eGg] yk lh1f;f p7]sf 5g\ . o; ljifonfO{ lnP/ l/kf]6{;\ Sna g]kfnn] ljxLjf/ /fhwfgLdf ;fIffTsf/ sfo{qmd cfof]hgf u¥of] . pQm sfo{qmddf efu ln+b} sfg'g, Gofo tyf ;+;bLo Joj:yf dGqL dxGy 7fs'/n] pQm ljw]os gful/stf ;d:of ;dfwfg ug{sf] nflu pko'Qm x'g] atfp“b} pQm ljw]osnfO{ >L % af6 nfndf]x/ nufpgaf6 s;}n] /f]Sg g;Sg] atfpg' eof] . clxn] pl7/x]sf] cfz+sfx?nfO{ d]6\b} dGqL 7fs'/n] pQm ljw]osn] ljb]zL l5g{ ;Sg] s'g} ;+efjgf 5}g eGb} eGg'eof]– æ;+zf]wg ljgf g} pQm ljw]osdf nfndf]x/ nfU5 .Æ gful/stf ljw]osdf k|ltkIfLx?n] nufPsf] cf/f]k ;a} ldYof 5g\ . of] ljw]os cy{ ljw]os ePsf]n] nfndf]x/ nfu]/ g} cfp“5 . /fli6«o;efdf k|ltkIf bn Pdfn]sf g]tf o'j/fh 1jfnLn] eg] ljw]osdf nfndf]x/ nufpg], gnufpg] >L % sf] :jljj]s ePsf] atfp“b} xr'jfsf] e/df ljgf cEof; NofPsf] pQm ljw]osn] gful/stf ;d:of ;dfwfg gug]{ bfjL ug'{eof] . æk|ltlglw;efdf uNtL eof], /fli6«o;efdf To;nfO{ ;RofOof]Æ pxf“n] yKg'eof] . xfdLn] klg kfl/t u/]/ uNtL u¥of}+ . t}klg o;n] ;dfwfg ub}{g .

;w} cfkm\gf] kf6L{sf] k|d'v /fhgLlts d'2f agfp“b} cfPsf] g]kfn ;b\efjgf kf6L{sf cWoIf uh]Gb|gf/fo0f l;+xn] cGo k|ltkIfLx?n] lj/f]w u/]sf] s'/fnfO{ k|ltjfb ub}{ pQm ljw]osn] gful/stf ;d:ofsf] cf+lzs ;dfwfg ug]{ atfpg'eof] . pxf“sf] hf]8 ;w} ;+ljwfg ;+zf]wgdf lyof] . l;+xn] >L % ;dIf cfkm"n] /fv]sf] s'/f ;'gfp“b} eGg'eof]– æd}n] >L % nfO{ xh'/ ljjfbdf gkl/alS;of];\ . clxn] ;+ljwfg ;+zf]wgsf] cfjZostf 5 . xh'/n] o;af/]df 6fpsf] gb'vfO{ alS;of]; eg]+ . pxf“n] yKg'eof]– d}n] /fhfnfO{ cbfntdf uP klg hfcf];\ . t}klg nfndf]x/ t'?Gt nufO{ aS;bf ;d:of ;dfwfg x'G5 eg] . rfnL; nfv dflg;sf] gful/stf ;d:of ;dfwfg ug{ >L % af6 nfndf]x/ nfu]/ ljw]os cfpg' kg]{ s'/fdf hf]8 lbg' eof] . g]skf -dfn]_sf g]tf ;L=kL= d}gfnLn] gful/stf ljw]osnfO{ hfn;f“rL ?kn] NofPsf] atfp“b} ljw]osn] /fli6«o lxtsf] /Iff ug{ / ;+ljwfgnfO{ ultzLn agfpg c;kmn /x]sf] cf/f]k nufpg'eof] . …nfndf]x/ nufpg' k"j{ >L % n] /fo ;Nnfx ug{ kfpg'k5{ .Ú pxf“sf] syg lyof]– æcbfntsf] klg ;xof]u / ;Nnfx lng /fhfn] kfOaS;G5 .

k|ltkIfL kf6L{x?n] gful/stf ljw]osnfO{ /fhgLlts/0f u/]sf] cf/f]k nufp“b} al/i7 clwjQmf Pjd\ ;+ljwfg lgdf{tfdWo]sf Ps d's'Gb /]UdLn] pQm ljw]os ;+ljwfgsf] efjgf / dd{ cg'?k cfPsf] atfpg'eof] . pxf“n] >L % k|lt ;+;bsf] Ps c+u ePsf]n] s;};+u klg /fo ;Nnfx lng kfOaS;g] atfp“b} pQm ljw]osnfO{ /fhgLlts kf6L{x?n] cfkm\gf] :jfy{ cg'?k JofVof u/]sf] cf/f]k nufpg'eof] . tL; lbgleq of] ljw]osdf nfndf]x/ nfUg'k5{ / nfU5 klg . Tolts} lkmtf{ cfp“b}g .Æ pxf“sf] ljZjf; lyof] .

jl/i7 clwjQmf /]UdLn] eGg'eof]– clxn]] @)!( ;fn k'; @ ut] hGd]sf] Ps JolQmnfO{ klg gful/stf lbg] k|fjwfg 5}g . To;}n] k|ltkIfL kf6L{x?n] nufPsf] cf/f]k ldYof 5g\ . csf{ ;xefuL g]skf -Pdfn]_sf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o Pjd\ ;f+;b 8f=j+zLw/ ld>n] gful/stf ;d:of /fli6«o ;d:of ePsfn] ;a}sf] ;xof]un] dfq pQm ;d:of ;dfwfg x'g] atfp“b} To;nfO{ ;'wf/ u/]/ nfg ;lsg] atfpg' eof] . k"j{ dGqL Pjd\ 8f=/fda/0f ofbjn] gful/stf ;d:of /fli6«o ;d:of ePsf] / of] ;d:of ;dfwfg ug{ sf+u|]; lqmofzLn /x]sf] atfpg'eof] . /fhfn] of] ljw]ossf af/]df /fo ;Nnfx ul/aS;g ldNb}g . of] ljw]osnfO{ cIf/zM nfndf]x/ nfUgaf6 s;}n] /f]Sg ;Sb}g– pxf“n] eGg'eof] . ljw]osn] xfnsf] gful/stf ;d:of ;dfwfg ug]{ ljZjf; JoQm ub}{ pxf“n] k|ltkIfL kf6L{x?n] cgfjZos ?kdf ljw]osnfO{ /fhgLlts/0f u/]sf] cf/f]k nufpg'eof] . sfo{qmddf /fk|kfsf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o /fdgf/fo0f l;+xn] gful/stf ;d:of l;+uf] d'n'ssf] ;d:of ePsf]n] rf“8f]eGbf rf“8f] pQm ;d:of xn x'g'kg]{ atfpg' eof] . gful/stf dflkmof t:s/n] kfpg' x'“b}g– pxf“sf] egfO{ lyof] . l;+xn] ljw]osdf >L % af6 nfndf]x/ nufO{ aS;g] cfjZostf / ljZjf; JoQm ub}{ eGg'eof]– t/ /fhfn] /fo ;Nnfx ug{ ldN5 . clwjQmf z]/axfb'/ s];Ln] nfndf]x/ nufpg s;}n] /f]Sg g;Sg] atfp“b} ljw]osdf nfndf]x/ nufpg'kg]{ / nfU5 eGg'eof] . pxf“n] /fhfn] ljw]ossf] af/]df /fo ;Nnfx u/]sf] plrt gePsf] l6Kk0fL ug'{eof] .

csf{ jl/i7 clwjQmf dxfb]jk|;fb ofbjn] klg gful/stf ;d:of pQm ljw]osn] dfq ;dfwfg ug]{ >L % af6 pQm ljw]os nfndf]x/ nufpg} kg]{ s'/fdf hf]8 lbg'eof] . /fhfaf6 ljw]osdf nfndf]x/ gnufO{ Nofl08ª u/fO{ /xg' plrt gePsf] atfp“b} pxf“n] /fhfn] ljw]osdf /fo ;Nnfx ug{ gldNg] atfpg' eof] .

;fIffTsf/ sfo{qmdsf] ;efkltTj l/kf]6{;\ Sna g]kfnsf cWoIf Clif wdnfn] ug'{ePsf] lyof] .

nfp8f;+u Pdfn] lsg 8/fof] <

nfp8f ljdfg ef8f k|s/0fdf e|i6frf/ ePsf] / To;df k|wfgdGqLsf] klg ;+nUgtf ePsf] cf/f]k nufP/ k|wfgdGqL lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnfsf] /fhLgfdf dfUb} cfPsf] g]skf Pdfn] nfp8f ;DaGwL tYob]lv 8/fpg yfn]sf] 5 . To; ;DaGwL jf:tljstfsf] ;fdgf ug{ g;sL Pdfn]n] ;+;bdf s;}n] af]Ng g;Sg] l:ylt ;[hgf dfq u/]g, ko{6gdGqLn] To;sf b:tfj]hx? ;bgdf k|:t't ug{ vf]Hbf Tof] df}sf klg Pdfn]n] lbPg . gjlgo'Qm ko{6g dGqL cf]dsf/k|;fb >]i7n] tLg lbg;Dd nuftf/ ;bgdf oyfy{ /fVg] k|of; ug{ ;/sf/ nfp8f ef8f k|s/0fnfO{ ljlwjt ?kdf ;bgdf k|j]z u/fP/ 5nkmn u/fpg tof/ /x]sf] b]lvG5 . t/ k|ltkIfLx? of] ljifonfO{ ljlw;Ddt 9+uaf6 ;bgdf k|j]z ug]{ lbO/x]sf] 5}g . k|ltlglw;efdf ;QfkIfsf ;f+;bx?n] nfp8fsf] oyfy{ ;bgdf cfp“bf tyf zfg]jflgn] nfp8f;+u u/]sf] / lrlgof“ ;fpy j]i6 ljdfg sDkgL;+u u/]sf] ;+emf}tfsf] t'ngf x'“bf cfkm\gf] lgot v'Ng] / nfp8feGbf lrlgof“ s+=;+usf] ;+emf}tfdf a9L e|i6frf/ ePsf] b]lvg] cfz+sfn] klg ;+;b cj?4 ul/Psf] cg'dfg 5 . k|ltkIfLx?n] af]Ng glbP klg ;Qf?9 bnsf ;f+;bx?n] o;af/] ;+If]kdf eP klg cfkm\gf] s'/f /fVg] k|of; ul//x]sf 5g\ .

g]kfnL sf+u|];sf ;f+;b ch'{gk|;fb hf]zLn] e|i6frf/ 6'+l8v]ndf gfd ;fj{hlgs u/]/ eb|sfnLb]lv ;+;b;Dd gf/f nufP/, ;bgdf /f]i6d 3]/]/ g/f]lsg] rrf{ ub}{ ;+j}wflgs k|lqmof cg';f/ cl3 a9\g cfu|x ug'{eof] . pxf“n] e|i6frf/ lgoGq0fsf nflu e|i6frf/ lgoGq0f ug]{ lgsfonfO{ g} ;zQm agfOg' kg]{ atfpg' eof] . ;f+;b hf]zLn] cbfntsf] lg0f{osf] lj/f]w ug]{, k|wfgGofofwLzsf] k'Tnf hnfpg] Pdfn]n] clxn] clVtof/ b'?kof]u cg';Gwfg cfof]un] 5fglag ul//x]sf] nfp8f Po/ k|s/0fdf /fhgLlts k|efj kfg{ ;bg cj?4 u/]/ k|wfgdGqLsf] /fhLgfdf dfUg] sfd ul//x]sf] atfpg'eof] . sf+u|];sf csf{ ;f+;b gf/fo0fl;+x k'gn] nfp8f Po/ ljdfg g]kfnsf clxn];Dd ef8fdf NofPsf] ljdfgdWo] ;a}eGbf ;:tf] ePsf] atfpg'eof] . sf+u|];s} ;f+;b z+s/k|;fb kf08]n] cfkm"n] u/]sf] e|i6frf/sf] 9fs5f]ksf nflu Pdfn] nufot ljkIfL kf6L{x?n] k|wfgdGqLnfO{ e|i6frf/Lsf] cf/f]k nufPsf] atfpg' eof] . n]vf ;ldltsf ;b:o ;d]t /xg' ePsf sf+u|];sf ;f+;b aL/]Gb| sg}l8ofn] n]vf ;ldltn] k|wfgdGqLsf] nfp8f Po/ ef8f k|s/0fdf ;+nUgtf ePsf] 5 geg]sf] a? pN6} of] ljdfg ef8f k|s/0fdf ;+nUg bf]ifLx?nfO{ sf/jfxL ug{ dGqL kl/ifb\ / k|wfgdGqLs} ;xof]u dfu]sf] :ki6 ug'{ eof] .

csf{ ;f+;b /fdrGb| ltjf/Ln] rfOgf ;fpyj]i6 ef8f k|s/0fdf Pdfn]n] u/]sf] e|i6frf/sf] /x:o v'N5 eg]/ pgLx?åf/f ;bg cj?4sf] k|of; ePsf] cf/f]k nufp“b} nfp8f ljdfg ef8f k|s/0fdf htfaf6 x]/] klg k|wfgdGqLsf] ;+nUgtf b]lv+b}g eGg'eof] .

k|hftGqdf k|ltkIfsf] e"ldsf

;"o{k|;fb >]i7
k"j{ lgjf{rg cfo'Qm

g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfgn] ;+;bLo zf;g k|0ffnLsf] ;"qkft u/]sf] 5 . of] k4ltsf] ;a}eGbf klxn] cu'jfO{ ug]{ d'n's la|6]g xf] . ;+;bLo zf;g k4ltsf] ljz'4 k|s/0fsf] ?kdf la|l6z ;+;bnfO{ g} x]g]{ rng 5 . ef/tLo ;+ljwfgdf /fi6« k|d'vsf] ?kdf /fi6«kltsf] Joj:yf ul/P klg jf:tjdf ;+;bLo zf;g k4ltsf] cg's/0f ul/Psf] 5 / sfo{sf/L k|d'v k|wfgdGqLg} /x]sf] 5, To:t} hfkfgdf klg k|wfgdGqLsf] rog x'G5 eg] hd{gdf rfG;n/sf] gfdaf6 sfo{sf/L k|d'vsf] Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5 . o:tf] ;+;bLo zf;g k4ltdf lgjf{rgaf6 cfPsf k|d'v /fhg}lts bnsf g]tfnfO{ dlGqkl/ifb u7g ug{ / k|wfgdGqLsf] kb ;DxfNg /fi6« k|d'vn] lgDtf] ug]{ rng 5 . o;/L u7g ePsf] sfo{sfl/0fL ;fd"lxs ?kdf ;+;bk|lt pQ/bfoL /xg] ;+j}wflgs k|fjwfg ePsf] x'G5 . k|wfgdGqLsf] g]t[Tjdf jg]sf] dlGqkl/ifb\ ;fd"lxs ?kdf k|ltlglw;efk|lt pQ/bfoL /x]sf] sf/0fn] o; k|sf/sf] Joj:yfdf k|ltkIfsf] cToGt dxTjk"0f{ e"ldsf /x]sf]  x'G5 . s'g} klg zf;g k4ltdf s'g} g s'g} ?kdf k|ltkIfsf] pkl:ylt /x]s} x'G5 . /fhtGqfTds d'n'ssf] Oltxf; k9\bf klg cg]s k|sf/sf] k|ltkIfsf] s'l6ntf / if8\oGqx? /x]sf] kfOG5 . PsbnLo /fhg}lts Joj:yf ljz]ifu/L ;f]leot ;+3sf] of k"jL{ o'/f]ksf b]zx?df k|ltkIfsf] cf}krfl/s pkl:ylt geP klg k|ltkIf leqleq} ;lqmo gePsf] eP cfh tL d'n'sx?sf] /fhg}lts Joj:yfdf o:tf] cfd'n kl/j{tg cfpg] lyPg . xfd|} b]zsf] !)$ jif{;Dd hxflgof“ zf;gsf] lj?4 e"ldut ?kn] /fhg}lts ;+u7g u/]/ lbj+ut ePsf cd/ zxLbx?sf] :d/0fdf >4f~hln ck{0f ub}{ cfPsf  5f}+ . /fhg}lts bnx?sf] ;+u7g 5ftfleq hgcfqmf]z k|ltljlDjt x'“b} @))& ;fndf ;z:q qmflGt ePsf] xf] . To;kl5sf] jx'bnLo Joj:yfdf jfdkGyL zlQmn] e"ldut ?kdf cfkm\gf] ;+u7g ub}{ k|ltkIfsf] e"ldsf cjnDjg ub}{ cfPsf] w]/} cl3sf] Oltxf; xf]Og . @)!% ;fndf nfu" ePsf] g]kfn clw/fHosf] ;+ljwfgn] dfq k|ltkIfsf] cf}krfl/s dfGotf lbPsf] xf] . To;tfsfsf] ;+;bdf zlQmzfnL g]kfnL sf+u|];n] &( ;L6, k|ltkIfsf] /fi6«jfbL uf]vf{ kl/ifb\n] !( / sDo'lgi6 nufot cGo kf6L{x?n] !@ ;L6 k|fKt u/]sf lyP . t/ ;+ljwfgsf] vf/]hL / ;+;bLo Joj:yfsf] cGTo;+u} lgb{nLo k~rfotL Joj:yfsf] ;"qkft eof] . ;dosf] cGt/fndf lgb{nLotfleq} bnLo /fhgLltsf k|j[lQx? b]vf kg{ yfn] . u'6 pku'6df k~rfotL Joj:yfsf k|jts{x? ljefhg x'g yfn]] . k~rfotL Joj:yf lgb{nLo ePsf]n] k|ltkIfsf] dfGotfg} g/xg' :jefljs lyof] . o:tf] cj:yfdf cGo ;a} /fhg}lts bnx?n] e"ldut ?kdf /  ljb]zaf6 klg k|hftGqsf] k'g:yf{kgfsf] nflu /fhgLlt ;~rfng ug{ yfn] . k|hftGq / /fhg}lts :jtGqtfsf] cfGbf]ng a9\b} uof] / cGtTjf]uTjf @)$^ ;fnsf] cfGbf]ngsf] kmn:j?k k|hftGqsf] k'gj{xfnLsf] ;fy} jx'bnLo k|hftGqdf cfwfl/t g]kfn clw/fHosf] ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f eof] .

g]kfndf k|hftGqsf] nflu lg/Gt/ rn]sf] cfGbf]ngn] k|hftGq k|flKtkl5 lj>fd lng' :jfefljs lyof] . ;+;bLo Joj:yfdf cfwfl/t jx'bnLo k|hftGq cGtu{t ePsf] klxnf] lgjf{rgdf pbf/ k|hftflGqs l;4fGt /fVg] / k|hftGqsf] nflu @))& ;fndf klg g]t[Tj u/]sf] tyf k|hftGqsf] nflu cgj/t ;+3if{ ub}{ /x]sf] /fhg}lts bnsf] ?kdf g]kfnL sf+u|];n] @)$* ;fnsf] lgjfr{gdf ;'ljwfhgs jx'dt xfl;n u¥of] . g]kfnL sf+u|];sf] ;/sf/ aGof] t/ cfGtl/s snx / g]t[Tj åGåsf sf/0fn] ;/sf/n] :yfloTj k|fKt ug{ ;s]g . bf]>f] zlQmzfnL k|ltkIfdf g]kfn sDo'lgi6 kf6L{n] :yfg kfof] . @))& ;fn otf g]kfndf ePsf] /fhg}lts cfGbf]ngdf jfdkGyL zlQmsf] klg cToGt dxTjk"0f{ :yfg /x“b} cfPsf] lyof] . ljz]if u/]/ /fli6«o ;'/Iff / ;fj{ef}ldstfsf] s'/f, u/LaL pGd'ng clg Gofof]lrt ljt/0f k|0ffnL, ljleGg hflt hghfltk|lt ePsf] cg'lrt zf]if0f / ju{ lje]bh:tf s'/fx?nfO{ cfwf/ agfO{ ;+u7g a9fpb} uPsf] / ;+u7gfTds b[li6n] g]kfnsf] /fhgLltdf @)$* ;fnsf] lgjf{rgdf g]kfn sDo'lgi6 kf6L{ Pdfn]n] ;jn k|ltkIfsf] ?kdf cfkm"nfO{ :yflkt ug]{ df}sf kfPsf] xf] . g]kfnL sf+u|];sf] ;/sf/ kf6L{leq cfkm\g} cGt/åGån] c;kmn ePkl5 @)%! ;fnsf] cfdlgjf{rgdf :ki6 jx'dt gNofPtf klg ;a}eGbf zlQmzfnL kf6L{sf] ?kdf g]=s=kf=Pdfn]n] g} cfkm"nfO{ :yflkt ug]{ ;kmntf k|fKt u¥of] . cNkdtsf] ;/sf/ u7g ug]{ df}sf klg Pdfn]nfO{ k|fKt ePsf] xf] . ;/sf/df /x]sf] cj:yfdf Pdfn]n] hgtfsf] nflu ;sf/fTds k|of; u/]sf] klg xf] t/ To;j]nf cNkdtsf] ;/sf/ ePsf]n] 5f]6f] cjlwdf g} cGo bnx?n] cfkm\gf] ;dy{g lkmtf{ lnP .

@)%! b]lv @)%* sf] cjlw;Dd ;+;bdf k|ltlglwTj ug]{ /fhg}lts bnx?aLr zlQmlnK;fsf] /fhgLlt z'? eof] . s'g} kf6L{{n] klg cfkm"nfO{ k|ltkIfsf] e"ldsf lgjf{x ug'{ k|hftflGqs Joj:yfsf] dofbf{ / dfGotfleq cToGt cfjZos 5 eGg] tYonfO{ lj;{g yfn] . /fhgLltn] cs}{ df]8 lng yfNof] . hgtfdf klg /fhg}lts ljt[i0ffsf] cj:yf b]lvg yfNof] . lgjf{lrt k|ltlglwx?n] cfkm"nfO{ k|hftGqsf] w/f]x/f ;+emg yfn] . o:tf] cj:yfaf6 kmfO{bf p7fpg g]kfn sDo'lgi6 kf6L{ -dfcf]jfbL_sf] gfdaf6 b]zsf] ljleGg :yfgdf Wj+;fTds ultljlwx?sf] z'?jft eof] . k|hftGqdf ;w}+ g} dfgj d"Nodf x|f; czflGt / c;'/Iffsf] efj km}nfpg] sfd sfo{jfxLn] dfGotf kfp“b}g . /fhg}lts bnx?n] t zflGtk"0ff{ jftfj/0fdf hgtfsf] ;dy{g lng ;Sg' kb{5, dfgj d"No pk/ ljZjf; / dfGotfsf] hu]gf{ ug'{k5{ . hg;fwf/0fdf 8/, qf; / wDsLsf] jftfj/0f >[hgf u/]/ zlQm ;~ro ug]{ k|of; cNksfnLg cj:yfnfO{ kmnbfoL eP klg bL3{sfnLg b[li6sf]/0faf6 of] k|ltpTkfbs x'G5 eGg] s'/f ;QfkIfsf / k|ltkIfdf /x]sf /fhg}lts g]t[Tj ju{n] gj'em]sf] h:tf] nfUb}g . ;Tofu|x, rSsfhfd, ;8s cfGbf]ng, k;n x8\tfn, pBf]uwGbfdf tfnfjGbL / ;fj{hlgs ;]jfdf c;/ kfg]{ s'/fx? ;/sf/n] s'g} s'/fsf] klg lhDd]bf/L jxg ug{ 5f8\of], kb / zlQmn] cGwf] x'g yfNof], hgtfsf] dtaf6 lgjf{lrt eP/ klg hgtfsf] xs clwsf/ dfly s'7f/f3ft ug{ yfNof], zflGtk"0f{ lj/f]w, 5nkmn / ;dembf/Lsf s'/fx? lg/y{s x'g yfn] eg] slxn]sflx+ /fhg}lts bnx?sf hg;+u7gsf] dfWodaf6 k|of]u x'g] s'/fx? x'g . k|ltkIfn] rfx] ;+;bdf xf];\ of ;8sdf o:tf s'/fx?nfO{ cfkm\gf] sfo{qmdsf] b}lgs rof{ jgfP eg] k|hftGqk|lt g} ljlti0ff k}bf x'G5 . ;+;bdf k;]sf jf jflx/ j;]sf /fhg}lts bnx?n] ;b}j cfkm"nfO{ k|hftGqsf] ;+j4{g ug]{ ;+:yfut ;+/rgfsf] ?kdf ;Demg' kb{5 . ;j{;fwf/0f hgtfnfO{ cfly{s, ;fdflhs / zf/Ll/s ?kn] b'Mv si6 lbO{ c;'ljwfhgs cj:yf >[hgf ug'{ g} ;/sf/ kl/j{tgsf] nflu ;'ne sfo{qmd xf] eGg] ;Demg' x'“b}g . o;af6 k|hftflGqs ljsf;df cj/f]w pTkGg x'G5 .

hgtfsf] ckf/ ;dy{g k|fKt u/L pgLx?sf] cfsf+Iffsf] k|ltlglwTj ub}{ ;+;bdf lgjf{lrt eP/ uPsf hgk|ltlglwx?n] ;QfkIf of k|ltkIfdf hxf“ /x] klg k|ydtM k|hftGqsf] cfb{z / dfGotfnfO{ lz/f]wfo{ ug'{ cfjZos 5 . kIf / ljkIfsf] pkl:ylt eP klg k|hftGqn] ;Nnfx / ;xdltsf] /fhgLltdf ljZjf; u5{ . zflGt, ;+od / cfTdfljZjf; o;sf cfwf/zLnf x'g\ . k/:k/ ;dembf/L, dfgj :jtGqtf / zflGtsf] cefjdf hgk|ltlglwx?sf] dfWodaf6 k|ltljlDjt hgcfsf+Iffsf] kl/k"lt{ x'g ;Sb}g . o;sf] dtnj k|hftGqsf] k|fb'ef{jkl5 hgtfsf] dgf]sf+Iff hgk|ltlglwx?n] k"/f ug{ g;Sg] cj:yf >[hgf x'g]5 .

lgjf{lrt eP/ ;Qfdf k'u]sf /fhg}lts bnn] ;fj{hlgs lxtsf] k|jw{g ug]{ u/L Gofof]lrt cfly{s tyf ;fdflhs gLlt lgwf{/0f gu/]sf], kf/bzL{ / k|efjsf/L tl/sfn] pQ/bfloTj jxg ug{ g;s]/ zflGt tyf ;'Joj:yfsf] k|Toe"ltåf/f sfg'gL zf;g k4ltsf] ljsf; ug{ g;s]sf] s'/f k|ltkIfn] dx;'; u/]df cfkm\gf] e"ldsf lgjf{x ubf{ k|ltkIfn] k|hftflGqs d"No / dfGotfleq /xL ;+;bLo zf;g k4ltsf] k/Dk/f / ljZjf;df cfwfl/t sfoqmd ;+rfng u/L ;/sf/sf] ljsNksf] nflu cfkm"nfO{ t}of/L u/fpg' kb{5 . o; lglDt k|ltkIfn] sfg'g lgodsf] dof{bf /fVg] ;+;bLo k/Dk/fnfO{ kfng ug'{ kb{5 To;kl5 ljifoj:t'df vf]h / cg';Gwfg u/L ;To / tYodf cfwfl/t ts{;+ut lj/f]wåf/f hgtfnfO{ k|efljt kfg]{ sf]lzz ug'{ kb{5 . k|ltkIfn] lj/f]wsf] nflu lj/f]w ug]{, hgtfnfO{ u'd/fx ug]{ u/L /fhgLlt ;~rfng ug]{, sd{rf/L ljBfyL{, lzIfs, ls;fg, dhb'/, pBf]uklt, Jofkf/L / wfld{{s ;d'bfonfO{ /fi6«sf] cfly{s lxt tyf ;fdflhs dof{bf gf3]/ k|of]u ug]{ h:tf k|rngx? aGb ul/g' cfjZos eO;s]sf] 5 . /fhg}lts g]t[Tj ju{n] s;}nfO{ lj/f]w ubf{ k|of]u x'g] efiff lzi6 / ;fdflhs dof{bfsf] kfng ug]{ ePdf dfq ;~rf/ dfWodx?n] klg ;f]xL cg's"n Jojxf/ ug]{ 5g\ . k|hftflGqs :jtGqtfsf] ;b'kof]u ub}{ k|hftGqsf] dof{bfnfO{ xfdLn] jrfpg' cfjZos 5 . k|hftGqsf] dof{bfdf x|f; cfof] eg] k|hftGqsf] nflu ;d{lkt /fhg}lts bnx? / o;sf g]t[Tj ju{ tyf k|hftGqsf] ;+/If0f ug]{ ;+:yfut ;+/rgfx?sf] g} dxTj / cfjZostf dfly k|Zg lrGx nfUg]5 . o:tf] cj:yfdf k|hftGqsf] ;jntfsf] nflu k|ltkIfsf] e"ldsfn] dxTjk"0f{ :yfg /fv]sf] x'G5 . k|hftGqsf ;DaGwdf ljåfg 6L=eL= l:dysf] syg cg';f/ æk|hftGqdf :ju{sf] k|flKt x'“b}g t/ k|hftGq Pp6f o:tf] ;+/rgf xf] h;n] g/slt/ nfUgaf6 arfp“5 .Æ