/fhfnfO{ s;n] o:tf] ;Nnfx lbof] <

>L % dxf/fhflw/fhnfO{ o:tf] ;Nnfx s;n] lbof] < k|ltlglw;efn] * dlxgf cl3 kfl/t u/]sf] / $ dlxgf cl3 ;efd'vn] ;+ljwfg cg'?k k|dfl0ft u/]/ >L % sf] :jLs[ltsf nflu /fhb/jf/ k7fPsf] gful/stf P]g ;+zf]wg ljw]os g]kfn clw/fHosf] ;+ljwfg cg's"n 5 ls 5}g egL >L % af6 cl:t d+unaf/ ;jf]{Rr cbfnt;+u /fo df+uL jS;]sf]df ;+ljwfgljb\x? rsLt ePsf 5g\ .

>L % af6 /fo dflujS;]sf]df cfkm\gf] /fo k|:t't ug]{ k|lqmof ;jf]{Rr cbfntn] To;} lbg k|f/De ul/;s]sf] 5 . /fhb/jf/sf] kq k|fKt x'gf;fy k|wfgGofofwLz s]zjk|;fb pkfWofosf] Psn Ohnfzn] of] ljifo cfufdL r}q ! ut] j'wjf/sf lbg ljz]if Ohnfzdf k|:t't ug]{ tyf To; qmddf æcbfntsf] ;xof]usfÆsf nflu tLg tLg hgf clwjQmfnfO{ ;xefuL x'g cg'/f]w ug]{ lg0f{o u/]sf] 5 . t/ ;+ljwfgn] ls6fg u/]sf] s'/fdf ;jf]{Rr cbfntn] klg ljk/Lt /fo lbg gldNg] / xfnsf] ;+j}wflgs k|fjwfg cg';f/ cbfntn] h] /fo lbP klg /fhf / ljw]ossf] l:ylt oyfjt /xg] b]lvG5 . >L % af6 ;+ljwfgsf] wf/f **-%_ cg';f/ of] /fo dflujS;]sf] xf] . pQm bkmfdf elgPsf] 5– æ>L % af6 of] ;+ljwfg jf cGo s'g} sfg"gsf] JofVof ;DjGwL s'g} hl6n sfg"gL k|Zgdf ;jf]{Rr cbfntsf] /fo a'em\g rflx+ jS;]df ;f] k|Zg pk/ ljrf/ u/L ;jf]{Rr cbfntn] >L % ;dIf cfkm\gf] /fo;lxtsf] k|ltj]bg r9fpg' k5{ .Æ df};"kmaf6 oxL bkmf cg';f/ ;do–;dodf cbfntsf] /fo df+uL alS;g] ul/Psf] xf] . t/ ;+;bn] kfl/t u/]/ hfx]/ ul/;s]sf] ljw]os cbfntsf] /fo dfUg] ljifo aGg ;Qm}g eGg] ;+ljwfgljb\x?sf] egfO 5 . olb ljw]osk|lt >L % sf] ;xdlt gePdf ;fdfGo ljw]os Ps dlxgfleq lkmtf{ k7fpg ;lsjS;GYof], t/ of] æcy{Æ ljw]os ePsf]n] ;+ljwfg cg's"n gePsf] 7xl/of] eg] klg /fhfn] of] ljw]os lkmtf{ k7fpg ldNb}g– ;+ljwfg;+u aflemP hlt c+z :jtM /2 x'G5 . Tof] klg P]g jf sfg"g /2 x'G5, of] ljw]osn] t æP]gÆ jf sfg"gsf] ?k g} lnO;s]sf] 5}g . cbfntn] æ/foÆ lbg] dfq xf], lg0f{o ug]{ xf]Og . /fhfnfO{ ljw]os ;+zf]wg ug]{ clwsf/ ;+ljwfgn] lbPsf] 5}g . >L % af6 nfndf]x/ nufP/ æP]gÆ alg;s]kl5 dfq ;+ljwfg;+u aflemPsf]] c+z ab/ x'g ;S5 . To;}n] cbfnt pQm ljw]os ;+ljwfgsf] cg's"n gePsf] /fo lbPdf /fhfaf6 Tof] /fonfO{ s] ug]{ < To:tf] /fo k|fKt eO;s]kl5 :jLs[lt s;/L lbg] < c:jLs[t ug]{ clwsf/ 5}g . To;} yGSofP/ /fVbf csf]{ bjfj jf c;Gtf]if b]vf kg{ ;S5 .

o; ;Gbe{df s;} s;}sf] Wofg ;+ljwfgsf] wf/f %$-#_ df uPsf] 5 . pQm bkmfdf elgPsf] 5– æ>L % af6 ;+;bsf] b'a} jf s'g} ;bgnfO{ ;Gb]z k7fpg ;lsjS;g] 5 . To:tf] ;Gb]z k|fKt ug]{ ;bgn] ;f] ;Gb]zdf plNnlvt ljifodfly oyfzL3| ljrf/ u/L cfkm\gf] /fo >L % df r9fpg]5 .Æ

t/ ;+ljwfgljb\x? cg';f/, of] bkmf o:tf] ljifodf k|of]u x'g' x'"b}g . Tof] bkmf ;+;bn] s'g} u+eL/ dxTjsf] ljifok|lt Wofg lbPg cyjf s'g} vf; 36gfaf/] ;+;bn] ljrf/ ug'{ cfjZos b]lvof] eg] >L % af6 ;+;bsf] Wofgfsif{0f u/fpg of] bkmfsf] pkof]u ul/g] xf] . t/ clxn]sf] k|;+u ;+;bsf] Wofg guPsf] ljifo xf]Og . of] ljifo ;+;bdf k|j]z u/]sf] dfq 5}g, ;+;bdf Jofks 5nkmn ePsf] 5 . k|ltlglw;efdf PskN6 ;j{;Ddltaf6 kf; ePsf], /fli6rlr{t k|;+udf ;j}eGbf 7"nf] k|Zg 5– of] ljw]os cy{ ljw]os xf] ls x}g < ;+ljwfgsf] wf/f ^* df æljw]os k|:t't ug]{ ljlwÆ :ki6 ul/Psf] 5 . o;df s/ nufpg], p7fpg], vf/]h ug]{, 5'6 lbg] kl/jt{g ug]{ jf s/ k|0ffnLnfO{ Jojl:yt ug]{, ;/sf/L sf]ifdf k|fKt x'g] ;a} k|sf/sf] /fh:j, C0f / c;'nL >L % sf] ;/sf/n] n]vfsf] k/LIf0f ug]{ / pko'Qm ljifo;+u k|ToIf ;DjGw ePsf k|f;+lus ljifonfO{ klg æcy{Æ dflgPsf] 5 . /, bkmf ^*-$_ df elgPsf] 5– æs'g} ljw]os cy{ ljw]os xf] xf]Og eGg] k|Zg p7]df ;efd'vsf] lg0f{o clGtd x'g]5 .Æ ;+ejtM To;}n] >L % af6 of] ljw]os cy{ ljw]os xf] ls xf]Og eGg] k|Zg cbfnt;+u ul/jS;]sf] 5}g / cy{ ljw]osafx]s cGo ljw]os :jLs[t ug{ b'ljwf ePsf] eP Tof] Ps dlxgfleq} ug'{kYof]{ . ;+ljwfgsf] wf/f &!-#_ df elgPsf] 5– æcy{ ljw]os jfx]s cGo ljw]ossf] ;DjGwdf k'gM ljrf/ ljdz{ x'g' cfjZos 5 eGg] >L % nfO{ nfu]df df};"kmaf6 ljw]os k]z ePsf] Ps dlxgfleq ;Gb]z;lxt ljw]os pTklt ePsf] ;bgdf lkmtf{ k7fpg ;lsjS;g] 5 .Æ To;sf] nuQ} bkmf &!-$_ df elgPsf] 5– æ>L % af6 s'g} ljw]os ;Gb]z;lxt lkmtf{ ul/aS;]df To; ljw]os dfly b'a} ;bgsf] ;+o'Qm a}7sdf k'glj{rf/ u/L ;f] ljw]os k|:t't ?kdf jf ;+zf]wg;lxt kfl/t eO{ k'gM k]z ePdf To;/L k]z ePsf] #) lbgleq df};"kmaf6 :jLs[lt aS;g] 5 .Æ cyf{t\ c:jLs[t ug]{ clwsf/ 5}g .

>L % af6 g} hf/L ul/jS;]sf]] g]kfn clw/fHosf] ;+ljwfgdf olt :ki6 k|fjwfg x'"bfx'"b} o:tf] k|;+udf ;jf]{Rr cbfnt;+u /fo df+lug' :jefjtM ljz]if rrf{sf] ljifo ePsf] 5 . ;+ljwfgn] k|bfg u/]sf] cj;/sf] k|of]u pko'Qm / kl/0ffdd"ns 9+un] x'g'k5{ tyf ;dfwfg vf]Hg ;+ljwfgsf] bfo/f gf£g] r]i6f x'g' x'"b}g eGg] ;+ljwfgljb\x?sf] wf/0ff 5 .

s] 5 Tof] ljw]osdf <

ax'rlr{t gful/stf P]g ;+zf]wg ljw]os k|ltlglw;efsf] ut clwj]zgdf k|:t't / kfl/t ePsf] lyof] . ;f] ljw]os k|:t't ubf{ s[i0fk|;fb e§/fO{ k|wfgdGqL / k"0f{axfb'/ v8\sf u[xdGqL x'g'x'GYof] . pQm ljw]os k|:t't ug'{sf] æp2]Zo / sf/0fÆ :ki6 ub}{ tTsfnLg u[xdGqL v8\sfn] ljw]ossf] k|:tfjgfdf n]Vg' ePsf] 5– æpRr:t/Lo gful/stf cfof]u / gful/stf ;'emfj sfof{Gjog ;'emfj ;d]tnfO{ cWoog u/L g]kfn gful/stf P]g, @)@) nfO{ ;dofg's"n agfpgsf nflu pQm P]gsf] bkmf #, ^, !), !! / !% df ;+zf]wg ug{, bkmf # v / # u yk ug{, bkmf ( sf] pkbkmf -@_ vf/]h ug{ jfG5gLo ePsf]n] of] ljw]os k|:t't u/]sf] 5' .Æ

;+zf]wg

bkmfM bkmf # sf] pkbkmf -@_ . xfnsf] Joj:yfM s]xL 5}g . ;+zf]lwt Joj:yfM -@_ pkbkmf -!_ jdf]lhd j+zhsf] gful/s 7xg]{ JolQmsf] lktfn] gful/stf k|df0fkq glnPsf] eP klg lghsf] ;Gtfg g]kfnL gful/s x'g]5 . ;+zf]wg ug'{kg]{ sf/0fM k|:t't ;+zf]lwt Joj:yf gx'"bf g]kfnL gful/s 7xg]{ JolQmx?n] g]kfnL gful/stfsf] k|df0fkq lng Hofb} si6 ef]Ug' kl//x]sf] 5 . g]kfnL gful/stfsf] k|df0fkq lngaf6 g} al~rt x'g'kg]{ cj:yf klg /x]sf] x'"bf pko'Qm, ;/n / :ki6 Joj:yf yk ug'{ k/]sf] xf] .

bkmfM bkmf # s . xfnsf] Joj:yfM s]xL 5}g . ;+zf]lwt Joj:yfM # -v_ k'g/fj]bgM bkmf # -s_ jdf]lhd tf]lsPsf] clwsf/Ln] gful/stfsf] k|df0fkq lbg c:jLsf/ u/]df ;f] pk/ #% lbgleq k'g/fj]bg cbfntdf k'g/fj]bg nfUg ;Sg]5 . # -u_M pd]/, gfd / hft ;Rofpg] b/vf:t lbg'kg]{M -!_ s'g} JolQmn] gful/stfsf] k|df0fkqdf /x]sf] pd]/, gfd jf hft ;Rofpg rfx]df cfkm\gf] ePsf] Joxf]/f n]vL k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L 5]p b/vf:t lbg'k5{ . -@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd b/vf:t k/]kl5 k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/Ln] lgh;+u ePsf] ;j'b k|df0f / cfjZostf cg';f/ ;fIfL ;/hldg ;d]t a'emL ;Rofpg] jf g;Rofpg] lg0f{o ug]{5 . -#_ pkbkmf -@_ jdf]lhd ePsf] lg0f{o pk/ #% lbgleq k'g/fj]bg cbfntdf k'g/fj]bg nfUg ;Sg]5 . ;+zf]wg ug'{kg]{ sf/0fM k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/Ln] g]kfnL gful/stfsf] k|df0fkq glbPsf] v08df pkrf/ vf]Hg] sfg"gL Joj:yf gePsf] x'"bf yk Joj:yf ug'{ k/]sf] xf] . g]kfnL gful/stfsf] k|df0fkqdf pd]/, gfd / hft km/s k/L g]kfnL gful/sx?n] k|z:t si6 ef]lu/xg' k/]sf] cj:yf ljBdfg x'"bf o:tf] ;fgfltgf q'l6 ;j'b k|df0fsf] cfwf/df ;Rofpg kfpg] sfg"gL cj;/ k|bfg ug'{ pko'Qm x'G5 . t;y{ cfjZostf cg';f/ k|:t't yk Joj:yf ug'{k/]sf] xf] .

bkmfM bkmf ^ sf] pkbkmf -!_ / -%_ . xfnsf] Joj:yfM pkbkmf -!_ sf] v08 -u_M cGo /fHosf] gful/stf Tofu]sf] . -%_ pkbkmf -!_ jdf]lhdsf] zt{ k'/f ul/;s]sf ljb]zL gful/sdWo] lj1fg, bz{gzf:q, snf, ;flxTo, ljZjzflGt, pBf]uwGbf jf cfly{s pGgltdf ljz]if of]ubfg ePsf jf ug{ ;Sg] egL >L % sf] ;/sf/n] 7x/fPsf JolQmnfO{ tf]lsPsf] b:t'/ lnO{ >L % sf] ;/sf/n] g]kfnsf] c+uLs[t gful/stf k|bfg ug{ ;Sg]5 . ;+zf]lwt Joj:yfM pkbkmf -!_ sf] v08 -u_M cGo /fHosf] gful/stf Tofu]sf], æ:kli6s/0fÆ o; v08sf] k|of]hgsf] nflu hGdl;4 gful/ssf cfl>t efO, jlxgL jf c+uLs[t gful/stf k|fKt JolQmn] c+uLs[t gful/stf k|flKtsf] nflu cfj]bg u/]sf] ldlt eGbf cl3 hGd]sf lghsf] gfjfns ;Gtfgn] cGo s'g} b]zsf] gful/stf glnPsf] eP gful/stf Tofu]sf] dflgg] 5 . -%_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] zt{ k'/f ul/;s]sf ljb]zL gful/sdWo] lj1fg, bz{gzf:q, snf, ;flxTo, ljZjzflGt, dfgj sNof0f jf g]kfnsf] pBf]u wGbf jf cfly{s pGgltdf ljz]if of]ubfg ePsf jf ug{ ;Sg] egL >L % sf] ;/sf/n] 7x/fPsf JolQmnfO{ tf]lsPsf] b:t'/ lnO{ >L % ;/sf/n] g]kfnsf] c+uLs[t gful/stf k|bfg ug{ ;Sg]5 . t/ c+uLs[t gful/stf k|fKt JolQmn] gful/stf k|flKtsf] nflu cfj]bg u/]sf] ldlteGbf cufl8 hGd]sf lghsf] gfjfns ;Gtfg jf g]kfnsf] hGdl;4 gful/stf k|fKt JolQmsf] cfl>t efO jlxgLnfO{ of] pkbkmf nfu" x'g] 5}g . ;+zf]wg ug'{kg]{ sf/0fM sltko ljb]zL gful/sn] gful/stf ;DaGwL k|rlnt g]kfn sfg"g adf]lhd hGdl;4 g]kfnL gful/stf k|fKt u/]sf 5g\ . To:tf hGdl;4 g]kfnL gful/stf k|fKt JolQm ;/xsf sfg"gL Joj:yf k'/f u/]sf To:tf JolQmsf] cfl>t efO jlxgLn] c+uLs[t gful/stf kfpgaf6 klg jlGrt x'g' k/]sf] 5 . To:t} g]kfn clw/fHosf] ;+ljwfg, @)$& nfu" x'g' k"j{ g]kfnL c+uLs[t gful/stf k|fKt ljb]zL JolQmsf lghn] c+uLs[t gful/stf kfpg' eGbf cl3 lghaf6 hGd]sf gfjfns ;GtfgnfO{ c+uLs[t gful/stf k|bfg ug]{ ;d:of k/]sf] 5 . t;y{ pQm ;d:of ;dfwfg ug{ lghL cGt/f{li6n] c+uLs[t gful/stf kfpg' eGbf cl3 lghaf6 hGd]sf gfjfns ;GtfgnfO{ c+uLs[t gful/stf k|bfg ug{] ;d:of k/]sf] 5 . t;y{ pQm ;d:of ;dfwfg ug{ lghL cGt/f{li6bkmfM bkmf ( sf] pkbkmf -@_ . xfnsf] Joj:yfM -@_ s'g} JolQm ljb]zL d'n'ssf] / g]kfnsf] gful/s hGd / j+zhsf] gftfn] Ps;fy ePsf]df ;f]x| jif{ k'u]sf kf"r jif{leq To:tf JolQmn] s'g} Ps d'n'ssf] gful/stf /f]Hg'k5{ . To;/L gful/stf g/f]Hg] JolQmsf] ;f] Dofb gf3]kl5 g]kfnL gful/stf :jtM nf]k x'g]5 . t/ of] P]g k|f/De x'g'eGbf cl3sf To:tf gful/sx?sf xsdf @)#& ;fn r}q d;fGt;Dddf ;f] adf]lhd gful/stf /f]hL ;Sg' kg]{5 . cGoyf lghsf] gful/stf :jtM nf]k x'g]5 . ;+zf]lwt Joj:yfM -@_ pkbkmf -@_ vf/]h ul/Psf] 5 . ;+zf]wg ug'{kg]{ sf/0fM bkmf ( sf] pkbkmf -@_ sf] d"n Joj:yf g]kfnL gful/ssf] xsdf nfu" x'g] b]lvG5 . t/ pQm pkbkmfsf] k|ltjGwfTds jfSof+z ljb]zL gful/ssf] xsdf nfu" x'g] s'/f :ki6 5 . sfg"gL d:of}bfsf] l;4fGtsf] ljk/Lt /x]sf] o:tf] Joj:yf x6fpg' jf~5gLo 5 . To:t} j+zhsf] gftfn] g]kfnL gful/stf kfpg] JolQmn] jo:s ePkl5 h'g;'s} pd]/df g]kfnL gful/stf kfpg] lghsf] lgjf{w clwsf/nfO{ ;dosf] kfjGwLsf] clwg agfpg' ;+ljwfg;Ddt 5}g . olb s'g} j+zh g]kfnL gful/sn] ljb]zL gful/stf lnPsf] v08df lghsf] g]kfnL gful/stf :jtM nf]k x'g] sfg"gL Joj:yf bkmf ( s} pkbkmf -!_ df ePsf] 5 . To:t} lghn] cfkm"v'zL TofUg ;Sg] sfg"gL Joj:yf klg bkmf * df ul/Psf] 5 . t;y{ pkbkmf -@_ /fVg' s'g} cy{ g/xg] / ;+ljwfg;Ddt gx'g] x'"bf vf/]h ug'{ k/]sf] xf] . To:t} g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfg, @)!( sf] wf/f & / g]kfn clw/fHosf] ;+ljwfg, @)$& sf] wf/f * sf] v08
-s_ adf]lhd hGdl;4 gful/stf k|fKt ug{ kfpg] ljb]zL gful/snfO{ ;dofjlw tf]Sg' lghsf] clwsf/af6 j+lrt ug'{ xf] . o;/L ;dosf] kfjGbL nufpg' sfg"g;Ddt gx'g] x'"bf pkbkmf -@_ vf/]h ug'{k/]sf] xf] .

bkmfM bkmf !) sf] pklgod # -s_ . xfnsf] Joj:yfM s]xL 5}g . ;+zf]lwt Joj:yfM # -v_ pkbkmf # -s_ cGtu{tsf] s;'/sf] ;DaGwdf df}sf txlssft jf cg';Gwfg ubf{ jf ;j'b k|df0f ;+sng ubf{ s;'/df d'l5Psf] JolQmnfO{ lu/km\tf/ ug]{, ;DjlGwt sfuhkq cfkm\gf] lhDdf lng], cleo'QmnfO{ jofg u/fpg], ;h{ldg d'r'Nsf tof/ ug]{ ;d]t k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd k|x/Ln] kfP ;/xsf] ;a} clwsf/, st{Jo, ;'ljwf / bfloTj k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L jf lghn] tf]s]sf] clws[tn] k|of]u ug]{5 . # -u_ pkbkmf # -v_ jdf]lhd df}sf txlssft / cg';Gwfg k"/f ePkl5 k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/Ln] g]kfnL gful/stfsf] k|df0fkq /2 ug'{ kg]{ b]lvPdf cfkm\gf] /fo 7x/;fy >L % sf] ;/sf/df k]z ug'{ kg]{5 . ;+zf]wg ug'{kg]{ sf/0fM k|:tfljt Joj:yf x'g'eGbf cl3 gful/stf jb/ ;DaGwL s]zdf k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/Laf6 g} 5fglag txlssft x'g] u/]sf] / ;+slnt ;j'b k|df0fsf] cfwf/df cfkm\gf] /fo 7x/ ;fy >L % sf] ;/sf/ ;dIf k]z x'g] u/]sf] lyof] . o:t}df ;Ddflgt ;jf]{Rr cbfntaf6 k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/Laf6 ePsf] 5fglag txlssftnfO{ sfg"gL dfGotf glbg] u/L lg0f{o ePsf] x'"bf To; ;DaGwdf sfg"gL Joj:yf ug'{ k/]sf]n] yk Joj:yf ug'{ k/]sf] xf] .

bkmfM bkmf !! . xfnsf] Joj:yfM !!= st{Jo, bfloTj / clwsf/x? nf]k gx'g]M -!_ g]kfnsf] s'g} gful/ssf] g]kfnL gful/stf ;dfKt ePkl5 g]kfnsf] gful/s /x]sf] avt lghn] u/]sf] s'g} sfo{sf] ;DaGwdf lghsf] st{Jo, bfloTj / clwsf/x? lghsf] g]kfnL gful/stf ;dfKt ePsf] sf/0fn] dfq nf]k ePsf] dflgg] 5}g . -@_ dfly pkbkmf -!_ df hg';'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg >L % sf] ;/sf/n] k|df0fkq /2 u/L g]kfnL gful/stfaf6 x6fpg cfb]z lbPsf] ljb]zLn] g]kfnL gful/stfsf] k|df0fkq lnPkl5 cfh{g u/]sf] crn ;DklQ /f]Ssf x'g]5 . d'2f k/]sf]df clGtd km};nf x'"bf >L % sf] ;/sf/sf] cfb]z ;b/ 7x/]df jf d'2f gk/]sf]df Dofb ;dfKt ePkl5 To:tf] ;DklQdf >L % sf] ;/sf/sf] clwsf/ x'g]5 . ;+zf]lwt Joj:yfM !!= st{Jo, bfloTj / clwsf/x? nf]k gx'g]M g]kfnsf] s'g} gful/ssf] g]kfnL gful/stf ;dfKt ePkl5 g]kfnsf] gful/s /x]sf] avt lghn] u/]sf] s'g} sfo{sf] ;DaGwdf lghsf] st{Jo, bfloTj / clwsf/x? lghsf] g]kfnL gful/stf ;dfKt ePsf] sf/0fn] dfq nf]k ePsf] dflgg] 5}g . ;+zf]wg ug'{kg]{ sf/0fM d'n'sL P]g, cbnsf] dxnsf] # g+= df ljb]zL gful/ssf] ;DklQdf >L % sf] ;/sf/sf] clwsf/ x'g] sfg"gL Joj:yf 5 . unt tl/sfn] ljb]zL JolQmn] g]kfnL gful/stf lnPsf] 7x/]df g]kfnleq sdfPsf] ;DklQsf] ;DaGwdf d'n'sL P]gdf ePsf] Joj:yf ;/x sfg"gL Joj:yf ug'{ pko'Qm b]lvG5 . t;y{ k|:tfljt ;+zf]wg pko'Qm g} ePsf]n] ;+zf]wg ug'{k/]sf] xf] .

bkmfM bkmf !% . xfnsf] Joj:yfM !%= b08 ;fhoM -!_ em'7f] ljj/0f jf jofg lbO{ g]kfnsf] c+uLs[t gful/stf jf hGd jf j+zhsf] gftfn] gful/stf k|fKt ug]{ u/fpg] JolQm jf ;f] ug]{ u/fpg] p2]Zon] hfgL hfgL em'7f] ljj/0f jf jofg lbO{ l;kmfl/z ug]{ JolQm jf ;f] ug]{ p2]Zon] em'7f] ljj/0f jf jofg lbO{ cfj]bgkq lbg] JolQmnfO{ kf"rjif{;Dd s}b jf bz xhf/ ?k}of";Dd hl/jfgf jf b'a} ;hfo x'g]5 . ;+zf]lwt Joj:yfM !%= b08 ;hfoM -!_ em'7f] ljj/0f jf jofg lbO{ jf lst]{ hfnL sfuh k|df0f k|:t't u/L g]kfnsf] c+uLs[t gful/stf jf hGd jf j+zhsf] gful/stf k|fKt ug{ cfj]bg lbg] JolQm jf ;f] ug]{ u/fpg] p2]Zon] hfgL hfgL em'7f] ljj/0f jf jofg lbO{ jf lst]{ hfnL sfuh k|df0f k|:t't u/L l;kmfl/z ug]{ JolQm jf lst]{ hfnL sfuh k|df0f agfpg] jf agfpg d2t ug]{ JolQmnfO{ ! jif{;Dd s}b jf kf"r xhf/;Dd hl/jfgf jf b'a} ;hfo" x'g]5 . -@_ em'7f] ljj/0f jf jofg lbO{ jf lst]{ hfnL sfuh k|df0f k|:t't u/L g]kfnsf] c+uLs[t gful/stf jf hGd jf j+zhsf] gftfn] gful/stf k|fKt ug]{ u/fpg] jf ;f] ug]{ u/fpg] p2]Zon] hfgL hfgL em'7f] ljj/0f jf jofg lbO{ jf lst]{ hfnL sfuh k|df0f k|:t't u/L l;kmfl/z ug]{ JolQm jf lst]{ hfnL sfuh k|df0f agfpg] jf agfpg d2t ug]{ JolQmnfO{ % jif{;Dd s}b jf bz xhf/;Dd hl/jfgf jf b'a} ;hfo x'g]5 . -#_ gful/stfsf] k|df0fkq lbg] clwsf/L jf cGo sd{rf/Ln] jb\lgot /fvL s'g} sfd sf/jfO{ u/]df To:tf] kbflwsf/L jf sd{rf/L pk/ ljefuLo sf/jfO{ x'g]5 . -$_ gful/stf k|df0fkqdf kmf]6f] kl/jt{g ug]{ u/fpg] jf ljj/0f yk36 ug]{ u/fpg] jf ;Rofpg] sfo{ ug]{ u/fpg] JolQmnfO{ Ps dlxgf;Dd s}b jf Ps xhf/ ?k}+of";Dd hl/jfgf jf b'a} ;hfo x'g]5 . ;+zf]wg ug'{kg]{ sf/0fM unt tl/sfn] g]kfnL gful/stfsf] k|df0fkq lng] JolQm, l;kmfl/z ug]{ JolQm, d2t ug]{ JolQm / k|df0fkq lbg] sfo{df ;+nUg sd{rf/Lx? ;d]t pk/ plrt b08 ;hfo x'g] sfg"gL k|fjwfg /fVg pko'Qm ePsf]n] :ki6 / ls6fgL b08 ;hfo ;DaGwL gof" Joj:yf ug'{k/]sf] .

;/sf/ / Pdfn]aLrsf] lxp"sf] l9Ssf km'6\of]
k|ltkIfn] k|=d=sf] /fhLgfdfsf] df+u g5f]8\g], t/ ;+;b rNg lbg]

;Qf?9 kf6L{ cfk;d} df/fdf/df nfu]sf] df}sf 5f]k]/ k|ltkIfn] ;+;bdf t]:of{Psf] tuf/f] g]sfleq Pstfsf] ;+efjgf a9\gf;fy x6\g] ePsf] 5 . clxn] Psflt/ k|ltkIfn] ;+ljwfg ldr]/ ;/sf/ 9fNg], ;Dej eP PsbnLo Joj:yf Nofpg] geP dWofjlw r'gfjdf hfg jfWo kfg]{ nIf0f b]v]kl5 g]sfsf g]tfx? cfkm\gf dte]b tTsfn kG5fP/ ;/sf/ hf]ufpg cu|;/ ePsf 5g\ eg] csf]{lt/ Pdfn]sf] of] d'9]jn k|bz{gnfO{ :jod\ To; kf6L{sf sfo{stf{ / z'elrGtsx?n] klg :jfut ug{ ;s]gg\ . hg;dy{gsf] cfzf ljk/Lt Pdfn]dfly æ;+;bLo Joj:yf lj/f]wLÆsf] 5fk nfUof] / kf6L{sf ;dy{sx? g]tfx?sf] lgotdfly z+sf ug{ k'u] . cfj]zdf g} g]tfx? olt cufl8 a9] ls k5fl8 kmls{g lgSs} ufx|f] lyof] . d'n'ssf] ;du| jftfj/0fn] cfkm"x?nfO{ g} bf]if lbO/x]sf] / cGo k|ltkIfL bnn] klg qmdzM ;fy 5f]8\g nfu]sf] cj:yfdf Pdfn] cGo ljsNk vf]Hg jfWo lyof] . k|=d=lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnf lxhf] lxp";f] cfkm}+ Pdfn] dxf;lrj dfwjs'df/ g]kfnsf] lgjf;:yfgdf uP/ jftf{ u/]kl5 b'a} kIf lgsf;sf] vf]hLdf nfu]sf] 5 . ;/sf/ / Pdfn]aLr hd]sf] lxp"sf] l9Ssf km'6\g z'? ePsf] 5 .

k|wfgdGqL sf]O/fnf / Pdfn] g]tfx?aLr lxhf] uDeL/ s'/fsfgL eof] . k|=d=sf]O/fnfn] ut laxLaf/ g} Pdfn] g]tf v8\sk|;fb cf]nL;+u jftf{ ug'{ePsf] lyof] . sf]O/fnf;+u cf]nLsf cltl/Qm ;'jf; g]Djfª ;lxt s]xL cGo g]tfx?n] klg s'/f u/]sf lyP . t/ pxf"x?;+u ePsf] s'/fsfgLnfO{ Pdfn] kf6L{n] vf; dxTj lbPg . a? k|=d=sf] pQm k|oTg Pdfn]leqsf] u'6aGbLsf] lzsf/ eP/ kl/0ffdlaxLg aGof] . ;/sf/n] ;dfwfg vf]Hbfvf]Hb} klg Pdfn] emg\ pu| ?kdf k|:t't eof] . csf]{lt/ ;QfkIfn] klg cfk;df Pstfa4 eP/ le8\g] dgl:ylt agfpg yfNof] . To;}aLr ;+;bdf s'6fs'6;Dd eof] . k|hftGqsf] k'g:yf{kgfsf] nflu ;+3if{ ug]{x?sf] nflu nHhf:kb l:ylt lyof] Tof] . To;sf] ;Dk"0f{ bf]if Pdfn]df uof] . cfkm\gf] df+u / lj/f]wsf] cf}lrTo klg Pdfn]n] k|:t't ug{ ;s]g . t/ k|ltkIf bf]ifL 7xl/P/ dfq ;/sf/sf] lhDd]bf/L k"/f x'g ;Qm}g . b]z rnfpg] sfd ;/sf/sf] xf] . ;+;b ;+rfng ug]{ d'Vo bfloTj klg ;/sf/s} xf] . b]z / hgtfsf] nflu cfjZos P]g sfg"g aGg ;s]g eg] ;/sf/ g} c;kmn dflgG5 / x/]s cj/f]wsf] lhDd]bf/L hgtfn] ;/sf/nfO{ g} af]sfp"5g . b'a} kIfn] hgdt / z'e]R5'sx?sf] efjgfnfO{ sb/ ub}{ v'n:t s'/f u/] .

k|=d=sf]O/fnf $ ah]lt/ Pdfn] dxf;lrj g]kfnsf] lgjf; :yfg k'Ug'eof] . g]kfn :jod\ lxhf] ljxfg k|=d=lgjf; hfg tTk/ x''g'x'GYof], t/ g]kfns} lgjf;df s'/f ug]{ ;xdlt eof] . k|=d= k'Ugf;fy g]kfn aflx/ cfP/ :jfut ug'{eof] . k|=d=sf ;fy k//fi6l5 s] sf] emu8f < cfwf/xLg emu8f Psl5gs} jftf{df lzlyn eof] .

jftf{df k|=d=sf]O/fnfn] k|ltkIfsf] lh2Ln] ubf{ ;+;b rNg g;s]sf], ;/sf/sf ;a} sfd 7Kk ePsf] / k|hftGq lj/f]wLx? pT;flxt x'g yfn]sf] atfp"b} ;+;b rnfpg] / k|hftGqnfO{ ;'b[9 kfg]{ sfddf k|ltkIfn] ;xof]u ug'{kg]{ wf/0ff /fVg'eof] . pxf"n] cfkm"n] clxn] /fhLgfdf lb+bf unt k/Dk/f a:g] ePsf]n] klg /fhLgfdf glbg] :ki6 ub}{ /fhLgfdf afx]s c? ljsNk vf]Hg cfu|x ug'{eof] . pxf"n]] cfkm"n] kbeGbf k|hftflGqs dfGotfsf] nflu n8]sf] atfp"b} ToxL dfGotfsf sf/0fn] /fhLgfdf ug{ grfx]sf] klg atfpg' eof] . pxf"n] b]z, hgtf / k|hftGqsf nflu Pdfn]n] s'g} sfo{qmd jf ljsNk NofPdf cfkm"n] k"0f{ ;xof]u ug]{ jrg lbg'eof] . k|To'Q/df Pdfn] g]tfx?n] jt{dfg l:yltsf] ;jf]{Qd lgsf; k|=d=sf] /fhLgfdf g} xf] eGg] ljrf/ JoQm ub}{ k|hftGqk|lt hgtfdf lj:t[0ff a9]sf], ;/sf/L ;+oGqx? c;kmn ePsf], hgtfn] zflGt, ;'/Iff / ;'zf;gsg] cg'e"lt ug{ gkfPsg] tyf k|ltlqmofjfbL tTjx?n] 6fpsf] p7fpg yfn]sf]df cfkm"x? klg lrlGtt ePsf] atfP . b'O{ kIfaLr s'g} ;xdlt ePg . t/ b'a} kIf Ps csf{k|ltsf] k"j{ wf/0ff kl/jt{g ug{ ;xdth:t} eP .

lxhf] k|=d=;+u ePsf] s'/fsfgL Pdfn] g]tfx?n] cfh cfkm\gf] ækf6L{dfÆ /fv]/ 5nkmn ug]{ ePsf 5g\ . Pdfn] klg emGg} emGg} sf+u|];h:t} ePsf] 5 . cf]nLl;t s'/f ldn] g]kfnn] lj/f]w ug]{, g]kfn ;xdt eP cf]nLn]] ljyf]Ng vf]Hg] . To;}n] cf]nL jf g]kfn s'g} klg g]tf PSn} lg0f{o ug{ ;Sg] cj:yfdf 5}gg\ . lxhf]sf] jftf{df cf]nLsf] pkl:ylt g/x]sf]n] cfh cf]nL ;d]t a;]/ Pp6f 6'+uf]df k'Ug] ;+efjgf 5 . kl/l:yltsf] uDeL/tf a'em]kl5 Pdfn]sf k|foM ;a} g]tf æ;–;DdfgÆ of] n8fO{nfO{ cs}{ lbzf lbg tof/ ePsf 5g\ . pgLx?n] k|=d=sf] /fhLgfdfsf] df+u t'?Gt} g5f]8] klg ;+;bsf] cj/f]w rflx+ x6fpg] nIf0f 5 . olt x'g' klg af6f]af6 lxp"sf] kj{t km'6] ;/x xf] .

Pdfn] g]tfx?n] k|=d=;+u lxhf] ljxLjf/ ePsf] s'/fsfgL / efjL ;+efjgfaf/] kf6L{df 5nkmn u/]kl5 k'gM dxf;lrj g]kfn / k|=d=sf]O/fnfaLr jftf{ x'g]5 . To;kl5 dfq cj/f]w x6\g ;S5 . k|ltkIfn] k|=d=sf] /fhLgfdfsf] df+u g5f]8\g] t/ ;+;b rNg lbg] dgl:yltdf Pdfn] k'u]sf] pQm kf6L{sf] pRr ;"qn] atfPsf] 5 .

;+;bsf] cj/f]w x6fpg] qmddf ;efd'v tf/fgfy /fgfef6n] lxhf] af]nfpg' ePsf] ;+;bljb\x?sf] a}7sn] klg k|ltkIfsf] c8fgnfO{ an k'¥ofPg . a}7sdf ;QfkIfeGbf u}/ sf+u|];Lx? g} a9L lyP . t/ s;}n] klg Pdfn]n] c8fgsf] ;dy{gdf dt JoQm ug{ ;s]gg\ . s;}s;}n] k|=d=n] /fhLgfdf lbg' plrt x'g] /fo k|s6 u/] tfklg k|ltkIfn] ;+;bdf u/]sf] cj/f]wnfO{ s;}}n] klg ;dy{g u/]gg\ . s'g} s'/fdf e|i6frf/ ePsf] 5 jf 5}g eGg] lg0f{o s]xL JolQm, ;d"x jf kf6L{n] x}g ;+j}wflgs lgsfon] g} ug'{k5{ / s;}n] cfkm\gf] wf/0ffsf] cfwf/df ;+;bLo / ;+j}wflgs dfGotf ljk/Lt hfg' x'"b}g eGg] pgLx?sf] /fo lyof] . k|=d=nfO{ x6fpg cljZjf; k|:tfj g} pQd ljsNk x'G5 eGg] klg s]xLsf] dt lyof] .

k"j{ ;efd'v bdggfy 9'+ufgfn] eGg'eof]– æ;+;bdf k]z g} gePsf] ;fj{hlgs n]vf ;ldltsf] k|ltj]bgdf k|=d=n] e|i6frf/ u/]sf] s'/f pNn]v 5 /] / t/ cfkm\g} k|ltj]bg ;d]t k]z gu/]/ ;+;bdf ult/f]w pTkGg ul/Psf] 5 . n]vf ;ldltsf] k|ltj]bg ;+;bdf k|:t't ug{ ;efd'vn] ?ln¨ ug'{ k5{ .Æ

;+;bLo Joj:yf ePsf] d'n'sdf sDo'lgi6 kf6L{sf] egfO{sf] cfwf/df k|=d=n] /fhLgfdf lbg] xf] ls ;+ljwfg cg'?k ug]{ xf] eGg] k|Zg ub}{ pxf"n] eGg'eof]– æk|ltkIfn] hlxn] klg k|=d=sf] /fhLgfdf dfUg ;S5, t/ /fhLgfdf u/fpg ;Sb}g . k|=d=sf] /fhLgfdf u/fpg] xf] eg] ;+j}wflgs af6f]af6 k|:tfj btf{ ul/g' k5{ . sDo'lgi6 kf6L{n] eGb}df e|i6frf/ eof]–eof] eGg kfOb}g . To;sf] 5fglag ug]{ cs}{ ;+j}wflgs lgsfo 5 . e|i6frf/ eof] eGg] lg0f{o Pp6f kf6L{n] ug]{ xf] ls ;+a}wflgs lgsfon] ug]{ xf] < Pp6f sDo'lgi6 kf6L{n] bf]if nufof] eg] To;}df tf]s nufpg] sDo'lgi6 d'n'sx?sf] h:tf] kl/kf6L{ oxf" 5}g . k|=d=sf] /fhLgfdf dfUg]x?;+u ;efd'vn] klg of] k|Zg ug{ ;Sg' k5{ . cf/f]k nufpg]x?;+u cf/f]k k'i6L ug]{ k|df0f dfUg' k5{ .

;+;bdf ult/f]w pTkGg ePsf] ;dodf k|wfgdGqLn] ;a} sfd 5f]8]/ eP klg ;+;bdf pkl:yt x'g'kg]{ s'/fdf hf]8 lb+b} 9+'ufgfn] eGg'eof]– æk|ltkIfn] k|=d=sf] /fhLgfdf dfUg kfp5 eg] k|ltkIfsf] /fhLgfdfsf] dfu k|=d=n] klg ug{ ;Sg'k¥of] . ;+;b rnfpg] bfloTj b'a} kIfsf] xf] .

jl/i7 clwjQmf Pjd\ jt{dfg ;+ljwfgsf] lgdf{tf dWo]sf Ps d's'Gb /]UdLn] eGg'eof]– k|=d=sf] /fhLgfdf dfUg] k|ltkIf :jod\ u}/–;+;bLo / u}/–k|hftflGqs 5 . ;+;bLo k|0ffnL lj?4sf lqmofsnfk p;n] k|bz{g ul//x]sf] 5 . p;sf] ljwfgdf ;fDojfb clGtd nIo ePsf]n] ;fDojfb Nofpg / jt{dfg Joj:yfnfO{ c;kmn t'Nofpgsf nflu o:tf] lqmofsnfk u/]sf] xf] ls eGg] cfz+sf pTkGg ePsf] 5 . To;}n] xfd|f] k|ltkIf Joj:yf jflx/sf] k|ltkIf t x}g eGg] k|Zg plAhPsf] 5 .

;+ljwfgdf ;a}sf] If]q / clwsf/ ljeflht ul/Psf] tyf zlQm ;Gt'ngsf] Joj:yf ldnfOPsf] pNn]v ub}{ pxf"n] nfp8f k|s/0fdf clVtof/ b'?kof]u cg';Gwfg cfof]un] 5fglag ul//x]sf] jt{dfg cj:yfdf ToxL ljifonfO{ Ps}k6s ;+;bdf Nofp"bf ;+ljwfgn] Aoj:yf u/]sf] ;+j}wflgs lgsfo clVtof/sf] clwsf/df ;d]t cltqmd0f ePsf] tyf ;+;b / k|ltkIfL bn s;}nfO{ klg clVtof/sf] clwsf/ dfly cltqmd0f ug]{ clwsf/ gePsf] /fo k|:t't ug'{eof] .

nfp8f k|s/0faf/]sf] d'2f ;jf]{Rr cbfntdf clxn] klg ljrf/fwLg cj:yfdf /x]sf] pNn]v ub}{ /]UdLn] eGg'eof]– ;jf]{Rr cbfntdf ljrf/fwLg s'g} klg ljifosf ;+;bdf 5nkmn ug{ ;d]t gkfOg] Joj:yf ;+ljwfgn] u/]sf] 5 . To;}n] k|ltkIfn] clxn] h'g ljifo p7fP/ k|=d=n] /fhLgfdfsf] dfu ul//x]sf] 5 . Tof] dfu g} u}/–;+j}wflgs 5 . ax'dt k|fKt ;+;bLo bnsf] g]tfnfO{ k|=d=af6 x6fpg cljZjf;sf] k|:tfj Nofpg' k5{ . pxf"sf] k|ltlglw;ef lgodfjnL cg';f/ ;efd'vn] v'§f gsdfP/ ;ef ;+rfng ug]{ xf] eg] jt{dfg ult/f]w ;dfKt x'g] ljZjf; klg JoQm ug'{eof] .

g]skf Pdfn]sf g]tf Pj+ ;fj{hlgs n]vf ;ldltsf ;efklt ;'efifrGb| g]Djfªn] k|wfgdGqLn] /fhLgfdf glbPsf sf/0f ;+;b cj?4 ePsf] atfp"b} ;+;bk|lt ;/sf/nfO{ lhDd]jf/ b]vfpg ljs[lt, lj;+ult / e|i6frf/sf] cGTosf] nflu cfkm"x?n] k|=d=sf] /fhLgfdfsf] dfu u/]sf] :ki6 kfg'{eof] . ;+;bLo ;ldltn] lbPsf] lgisif{ g} k|ltlglw;efsf] lgZsif{ ePsf] bfjL ub}{ pxf"n] eGg'eof]– s'g} ;ldltn] ;j{;Ddt 9+un] lbPsf] lg0f{osf af/]df ;+;bdf 5nkmn ug}{ gkg]{ ts{ ug'{eof] .

pxf"n] cfkm"x?n] k|ltlglw;ef lgodfjnL cg'?k ;+;bdf s'g} k|ltj]bg jf k|:tfj btf{ gu/fPsf] :jLsfg'{ eof] / eGg'eof]– of] cj:yfdf s] ug]{ eGg] cGof}n rflx+ pTkGg ePsf] 5 .

g]kfnL sf+u|];sf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o Pjd\ k"j{ ;+;bLo Joj:yf dGqL g/xl/ cfrfo{n] ;+;bdf clxn] pTkGg ult/f]wsf k5fl8 /fhgLlts sf/0f /x]sfn] /fhgLlts 9+uaf6} To;sf] ;dfwfg ul/g' kg]{ ljrf/ JoQm ug'{eof] . cfrfo{n] eGg'eof]– k|ltkIfn] dfu u/] cg'?k k|=d=n] /fhLgfdf lbg] xf] eg] km]l/ km]l/ of] k|lqmof bf]xf]l/b}g eGg] s] Uof/]G6L < p;n] dfu ub}{ hfg] / xfdLn] gof" k|=d= agfp"b} hfg] xf] eg] slt hgf k|=d=sf] lni6 xfdLn] agfpg] < k|ltkIf;+u k|=d=sf] /fhLgfdfsf] s'g} k|:tfj 5}g, cfof]usf] l/kf]{6 klg 5}g, ;ldltsf] k|ltj]bg klg ;bgdf k]z ePsf] 5}g . To;}n] of] cGof}nsf] jftfj/0f ;dfKt x'g'k5{ . pxf"n] g]sfn] ;d:ofsf] ;dfwfgsf nflu cfkm\gf] tkm{af6 sfo{ k|f/De ul/;s]s]f hfgsf/L lbg'eof] .

cGtl/dsfnsf dGqL gLnfDa/ cfrfo{n] k|hftGqsf] nflu lxhf] ;+3if{ ug]{ zlQmx?n] cfj]zdf cfP/ Ps csf{sf] cfnf]rgf gu/L cfkm\gf] lhDd]jf/L dfq axg ug]{ xf] eg] jt{dfg cGof}nk"0f{ jftfj/0fsf] cGTo x'g] ljZjf; k|s6 ug'{eof] .

jl/i7 clwjQmf l;Gw'gfy Kofs'/]nn] ;/sf/sf x/]s lg0f{ok|lt hgtf ;+zlst x'g] jftfj/0f ag]sf] rrf{ ub}{ Pp6f JolQmsf] sf/0fn] ;+;bLo Joj:yfnfO{ sdhf]/ kfg]{ ;+ljwfgnfO{ lg:s[o agfpg] sfd ug'{ x'"b}g eGg'eof] . pxf"n] eGg'eof]– of] ;+;bn] lgsf; lbg ;s]g eg] hgtfn] cs}{ ljsNk vf]H5g\ . ;f] cj;/df k"j{ dGqLx? dx]Zj/k|;fb l;+x, tfl/0fbQ r6f}t, jl/i7 clejQmf af;'b]j 9'+ufgf, sfg"gljb\x? xl/x/ bfxfn, k|f=sgslaqmd yfkf, /fw]Zofd clwsf/L, k"0f{dfg zfSo, k|f=kGgfsfhL cdfTo, ljZjsfGt d}gfnL, s[i0fk|;fb l3ld/], ;+;b ;lrjfnosf k"j{ dxf;lrj hLjgnfn ;Tofn /fli6

/fk|kf Pdfn]sf] k'R5/ xf]Og

k|= k|d'v k|ltkIf nufotsf kf6L{x?n] k|wfgdGqL lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnfsf] /fhLgfdfsf] df+u u/L ;+;b cj?4 ul//fv]sf 5g\ . o;nfO{ tkfO{+n] s;/L x]g'{ePsf] 5 <

– ;+;b cj?4 eO/x]sf] 5 . k|hftGqdf ljZjf; /fVg] hf];'s}sf] nflu klg ;'xfpg] of] s'/f xf]Og . o;sf] lgsf; lbg] sfd k|wfgdGqL sf] xf] . k|ltkIfsf] wd{ xf]– ;/sf/sf] lj/f]w ug'{ / hgtfsf] d'2fnfO{ ;+;bdf p7fpg' . Pdfn]n] e|i6frf/sf] d'2f p7fof] . To;nfO{ xfdLn] klg ;dy{g uof}{ . t/ ;}4flGts ?kdf Pdfn] / xfd|f] Pstf x'g} ;Qm}g .

k|= k|ltkIfsf] sfd lj/f]wsf] nflu dfq} ;/sf/sf] lj/f]w ug'{ xf] / <

– k|ltkIfsf] sfd la/f]wsf] nflu dfq} lj/f]w ug]{ xf]Og . ;/sf/n] u/]sf] /fd|f] sfdsf] ;dy{g ug]{ xf] . g/fd|f] sfdsf lj/f]w ug]{ sfd k|ltkIfsf] xf] . t/ of] ;/sf/n] hgtfsf] nflu /fd|f] sfd ug{ ;s]g . htftt} e|i6frf/ a9]/ uPsf] 5 . ;'/Iff lbg ;s]g . To;}n] klg clxn] ;/sf/sf] rf}tkmL{ la/f]w eO/x]sf] 5 .

k|= nfp8f ljdfg ef8f k|s/0fdf clVtof/ b'?kof]u cg';Gwfg cfof]un] 5fglag ul//fv]sf] d'2fnfO{ lbP/ k|ltkIfn] ;+;b g} cj?4 ug{' slQsf] hfoh b]lvG5 <

– ;+;f/df hxf" klg e|i6frf/sf] d'2fnfO{ ;+;bdf p7fOG5 . clVtof/n] 5fglag ul//fv]sf] 5, Tof] p;sf] 7fp"df 7Ls 5 . sfg"gL 9+uaf6 clVtof/n] h] ul//fv]sf] 5 Tof] 7Ls 5 . To;nfO{ :jtGq ?kdf ;a}n] sfd ug{ lbg' kb{5 . k|ltkIf kf6L{x?sf] sfd eg]sf] ;/sf/nfO{ bjfj lbg] xf] .

k|= clVtof/nfO{ k|efj kfg{ k|ltkIfx?n] k|wfgdGqLsf] /fhLgfdf dfu]sf] xf] ls <

– clVtof/nfO{ k|efjdf kfg]{ u/L s;}n] klg sfd ug'{ x'"b}g . clVtof/nfO{ k|efj ug]{ u/L s;}n] klg cfkm\gf] ultljlwnfO{ cufl8 kfg'{ x'"b}g . clxn] t k|ltkIfx?n] vfnL ;/sf/nfO{ bjfj lbg] sfd ul//fv]sf 5g\ .

k|= ax'dt k|fKt k|wfgdGqLn] k|ltkIfn] dfUb}df /fhLgfdf lbg' slDtsf] plrt x'G5 / <

– clxn] ;+;b rnfpg] lhDdf lul/hfafa'sf] sf]6{df uPsf] 5 . clxn] 6

k|= lul/hfafa'n] /fhLgfdf lbg'kb}{g t <

– /fk|kfn] k|wfgdGqLn] /fhLgfdf lbg'k5{ elg/fv]sf] 5 . d klg clxn];Dd ToxL c8fgdf cl8/x]sf] 5' . clxn] d cnUu} ljrf/ /fVg ;Sg] cj:yfdf 5}g .

k|= /fk|kfn] k|wfgdGqLsf] /fhLgfdfsf] df+unfO{ sfod} /fVnf ls kl5 lkmtf{ n]nf <

– clxn] Tof] d eGg ;lQmg . xfdLaLr clxn] Jofks 5nkmn eO/x]sf] 5 . /fhLgfdfn] dfq} ;d:of ;dfwfg x'g ;S5 ls ;Qm}g . /fhLgfdf afx]s c? s] x'g ;S5 . xfdL aLr klg 5nkmn eO/x]sf] 5 .

k|= k|wfgdGqLsf] /fhLgfdf cfPg eg] tkfO{+x? s] ug'{x'G5 <

– k|wfgdGqLsf] /fhLgfdf cfPg eg] s] ug]{ eGg] xfdLaLr 5nkmn eO/fv]sf] 5 . k|wfgdGqLs} sf]6{df an 5 . pxf"n] h] rfx\of] ToxL x'G5 .

k|= k|wfgdGqLnfO{ x6fpg ;Sg] ax'dt tkfO{+x?;+u 5 / <

– xfdL;+u ax'dt 5}g . ef]ln lul/hfafa' k|wfgdGqLaf6 x6] klg sf+u|];sf] ;xof]u lagf clxn]sf] l:yltdf /fk|kfsf] sf]xL klg k|wfgdGqL aGg ;Qm}g . lul/hfafa'n] klg elg/fVg' ePsf] 5– dnfO{ ;+j}wflgs tl/sfaf6 ax'dt b]vfP/ x6fpm eg]/ . clxn] ;/sf/nfO{ vt/f k|ltkIfx?eGbf sf+u|]; kf6L{leq}af6 5 . lul/hfafa' t clxn] klg alnof] x'g'x'G5 . kf6L{ / ;/sf/ b'a}df lul/hfafa' ax'dtdf x'g'x'G5 . klxnf sf+u|]; cfkm}+ ldNg' k¥of] . cfkm}leq df/fdf/ u/]/ dfq x'G5 t <

k|= k|i6 eGg';\– clxn] lul/hfafa'n] /fhLgfdf lbg} k5{ <

– /fhLgfdf dfUg] sfd k|ltkIfx?sf] xf] . /fhLgfdf lbg] glbg] sfd k|wfgdGqLsf] xf] . k|wfgdGqLn] cfkm\gf] :jljj]sdf klg /fhLgfdf lbg;Sg' x'G5 . clxn] ;j}nfO{ ldnfpg' kg]{5 . of] lul/hfafa'sf] xftdf 5 . pxf"n] ;a}nfO{ ;d]6]/ nUg rf}+8f 5ftL agfpg' k¥of]{ . cem}+ ;do u'lh|;s]sf] 5}g .

k|= /fk|kf / Pdfn] slxn];Dd ;+u} hfnfg\ <

– /fk|kfn] slxNo} klg Pdfn]sf] k'R5/ eP/ sfd ub}{g . e|i6frf/sf] d'2fdf dfq} xfdLn] Pdfn]nfO{ ;xof]u u/]sf xf}+ . Pdfn];+u c? s'/fdf Pstf x'g} ;Qm}g . /fk|kfsf] cfkm\g} cl:tTj 5 . h] ug{ klg Pdfn];+u ldn]/ hfg'k5{ eGg] 5}g .

k|= Pdfn];+u} tkfO{+sf] kf6L{ ;tL hf"b} 5 /] lg <

– xfdL Pdfn];+u ;tL hfg rfxb}gf}+ . Pdfn];+u ldNbf /fk|kfnfO{ kmfObf gx'g ;S5 . e|i6frf/sf] la/f]w xfdLn] klg u¥of} / Pdfn] klg ul//fv]sf] 5 . oxL d'2fdf dfq} xfd|f] Pdfn];+u Pstf ePsf] xf] . c? s'g} s'/fsf] klg xfd|f] Pdfn];+u ;xdlt ePsf] 5}g .

k|= k|wfgdGqLsf] /fhLgfdf gcfP Pdfn] ;8sdf hfg] elg/fv]sf] 5 . To:df /fk|kfsf] ;xeflutf /xG5 ls /x"b}+g <

– clxn] ;8sdf hfg' cfjZos 5}g . ;+;baf6} ;d:ofsf] ;dfwfg lgsfNg' k5{ . ;8sdf ;+u} hfg] eGg] s'/fdf xfd|f] Pdfn];+u s'g} s'/fsfgL ePsf] 5}g . clxn] ;8sdf hf"bf s;}sf] nflu klg lxts/ 5}g . ;8sdf uP/ dfq} klg ;d:ofsf] ;dfwfg x'"b}g . clxn]sf] l:yltnfO{ s;/L cGTo ug]{ eGg] sfd lul/hfafa'sf] xf] . To;}n] ca lul/hfafa'n] gof" 9+uaf6 ;f]Rg' k¥of] . b]znfO{ Pp6f lgsf;f lbg'k¥of] . /fhLgfdf dfUg] sfd xfd|f] xf] lbg] glbg] s'/f lul/hfafa'sf] xf] .

k|= ;+;b ;'rf? ?kn] slxn]b]lv rN5 <

– ;+;b ;'rf? ?kn] rNg'k5{ .

k|= ca tkfO{+x? Pdfn];+u w]/} lbg;+u} /xg'x'Gg xf] <

– xfdL Pdfn];+u ;w}+ ldn]/ hfg] s'/} 5}g . Pdfn]sf] cfkm\g} vfnsf] ;+u7g 5 . xfd|f] cfkm\g} vfnsf] ;+u7g 5 . Pdfn] / xfd|f] w]/} s'/f ldNb}g . Pdfn];+u ldNbf /fk|kfnfO{ w]/} j]kmfObfx? 5, To} s'/f w]/} ;fyLx?n] a'em\g'k5{ . e|i6frf/sf] d'2fsf nflu Pdfn];+u ;+u} 5f}+ . kf6L{n] u/]sf] lg0f{o ;a}n] dfGg'k5{ . kf6L{sf] lg0f{onfO{ s;}n]] r'gf}tL lbg ;Qm}g\ .

k|= k|hftGq dfly vt/f 5 ls 5}g <

– k|hftGq vt/fdf 5}g . k|hftGqdfly olb vt/f 5 eg] Pdfn] / sf+u|];af6} 5 . sf+u|]; / Pdfn]sf] emu8fn] k|hftGqdfly vt/f cfpg ;S5 . sf+u|]; / Pdfn]n] a'l4 k'¥ofPgg\ eg] k|hftGq hfg ;S5 .

k|= tkfO{+s} kf6L{leq /fhf ;lqmo x'g'k5{ eGg] s'/f klg pl7/fv]s} 5 lg <

– xfd|f] kf6L{n] /fhfnfO{ ;lqmo x'g''k5{ eg]sf] 5}g . ;+j}wflgs /fhfsf] k|lti7f emg\ a9]sf] 5 . clxn] /fhf ;lqmo x'g' pko'Qm 5}g . /fhfnfO{ ;lqmo agfpg] sfd ug'{ x'"b}g . ;+j}wflgs /fhfsf] 7"nf] OHht 5 . htftt} /fhfsf] k|lti7f a9]sf] 5 .

– Clif wdnf

tLg s/f]8sf] æ;fgf]Æ e|i6frf/

;/sf/ sdhf]/ ePsf], ;Qf?9 bn cfGtl/s emu8fdf km";]sf]] / dGqfno dlGqljxLg ePsf] cj:yfdf sd{rf/Lx?n] s:tf] e|i6frf/ ubf{ /x]5g\ eGg] s'/fsf] kl5Nnf] pbfx/0f ag]sf] 5– æg]kfn ljB't k|flws/0f .Æ hn;|f]t dGqfno ;fpgb]lv em08} em08} dlGqljxLg cj:yfdf lyof] ^ dlxgf;Dd . ToxL ^ dlxgfsf] aLrdf k|flws/0fsf sfo{sf/L lgb]{zs lji0f'jd dNnsf]] Pp6} lg0f{oaf6 s/f]8f}+sf] e|i6frf/ eof] . elgG5– k|flws/0fdf x'g] u/]sf] e|i6frf/sf] of] Pp6f ;fgf] gd"gf dfq xf] . of] …;fgf]Ú e|i6frf/ x]/f}+ . k|flws/0fn] s]xL ;do cufl8 krf; xhf/ ljh'nL ld6/sf] nflu 6]08/ cfx\jfg u/]sf] lyof] . 6]08/ gDa/ PPdkLhL @)%&÷)%*–@ cg';f/ cfx\jfg ul/Psf] pQm 6]08/df !@ j6f sDkgLx?n] efu lnPsf lyP . 6]08/ xfNg] clwsf+z sDkgLx? lrlgof On]lS6o:tf] 6]08/df k|fljlws sf/0f b]vfP/ kIfkft x'g] cfz+sfn] Pp6f sDkgLn] t ld6/sf] gd"gf ;d]t k|:t't u/]sf] lyof] . t/ k|flws/0fn]– ld6/sf] d"No / u'0f:t/ ;d]t gx]/L ;a}eGbf dx+uf] sDkgLnfO{ pQm 7]Ssf lbg] b':;fx;k"0f{ lg0f{o u/]sf] 5 . rLgsf] ;+3fO{ On]lS6f t'ngf ubf{ @ nfv *% xhf/ cd]l/sL 8n/ cyf{t\ sl/ @ s/f]8 !^ nfv g]=?= cGt/ b]lvG5 . of] cGt/ afx]s g} Ps s/f]8 yk sldzg lnOPsf] 5 .

ljZj:t ;"qsf cg';f/, 6]08/sf] af/]df lg0f{o ubf{ k|flws/0fsf xflsdx?n] cf}krfl/s ?kdf 6]08/sf] ljQLo kIf x]bf{ klg x]/]gg\ . ;+3fO{ gfds sDkgL;+u leqleq} ;f"7uf"7 u/]/ k|flws/0fn] 7]Ssf ;+emf}tf u/]sf] 5 . k|fljlws kIfsf] 6]08/ vf]Nbf ;DalGwt s'g} klg k|ltlglwnfO{ cufl8 g/fvL k|flws/0fsf sfo{sf/L lgb]{zs dNnsf] lgb]{zg cg';f/ Toxf"sf xflsdx?dfq a;]/ lg0f{o u/]sf lyP . tL xflsdx?n] ;+3fO afx]ssf cGo ;a} sDkgLx?nfO{ sfuhkq gldn]sf] egL tyfslyt k|fljlws sf/0f b]vfP/ kfvf nufO{ lbP .

6]08/ xfNg] !@ j6f sDkgLx?df dN6Lkfj/ xfO8Zja}+s ;lxt C0fbftfx?n] dx;'n a9fpg tyf e|i6frf/ x6fpg bjfj lbO/x]sf] a]nf k|flws/0fsf xflsdn] v'n]cfd o:tf e|i6frf/ u/]/ ;a}nfO{ r'gf}tL lbPsf 5g\ .

k|flws/0fn] ljB't ld6/ vl/bsf] pQm lg0f{o ubf{ hn;|f]t dGqfnodf dGqL g} lyPgg . hn;|f]t dGqL k|flws/0f ;+rfns ;ldltsf] kb]g cWoIf x'g] Joj:yf 5 . k|flws/0f leq olt 7"nf] if8\oGq / e|i6frf/ x'"bf pQm dGqfnosf] sfo{ef/ k|wfgdGqLn] ;dfNg'' ePsf] lyof] . sfo{sf/L lgb]{zs dNnn] k|flws/0fdf kb]g cWoIf k|wfgdGqL Pjd\ tTsfnLg hn;|f]t dGqLnfO{ yfx} glbO{ s;/L oqf] sfd ug]{ lxDdt u/] < k|wfgdGqL lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnf ;8sb]lv ;bg;Dd e|i6frf/ lgoGq0f ug]{ jfrf ul//xg' ePsf] 5 . k|=d=sf] Tof] k|ltj4tfsf] lvNnL p8fp"b} e|i6frf/ ug]{ xflsdx? dfly s] sf/jfxL x'G5 < x]g{ af"sL 5 .

5fglag ug]{x¿s} 5fglag

clVtof/ b'?kof]u cg';Gwfg cfof]un] dxfGoflwjQmfnfO{ sf/jfxL ug{ ldN5 ls ldNb}g eGg] ljifosf] rlr{t d'2f clxn] ;jf]{Rr cbfntdf rln/x]sf] 5 . d'2fsf] ljifo xf] ! s/f]8 @! nfv a/fa/sf] %)) sf ef=?= gf]6sf] @)%% h]7 !) ut] k|qmfp k/]sf ;'lgn df:s]n] Tof] /sd sf7df8f}+af6 a}+ss x'"b} l;+ufk'/ n}hfg nfUbf lqe'jg ljdfg:yndf j]jfl/;] cj:yfdf km]nf k/]sf] lyof] . kl5 df:s]n] pQm /sd cfkm\gf] ePsf] :jLsf/ u/] . /fh:j cg';Gwfg ljefun] pgLdfly d'2f rnfpg] ls grnfpg] egL /fo dfUbf dxfGofoflwjQmf jb|Laxfb'/ sfsL{n] d'2f grNg] l;kmfl/z ug'{ePsf] lyof] . xfn 5fglagsf] nflu y'gfdf /x]sf df:s]sf] d'2fsf] af/]df cfof]un] dxfGofoflwjQmfnfO{ s'g cfwf/df gf]6 j/fdb ul/Psf] lyof] / s'g cfwf/df d'2f grnfO{ gf]6 lkmtf{ ug'{kg]{ eGg] l;kmfl/z ul/of] egL :ki6Ls/0f dfu u¥of] . %)) sf] ef? gf]6 ljb]zL ljlgdo leq k5{g\, kb}{gg\ JofVof gu/L d'2f grNg] lg0f{o ul/Psf] sfg"gL cfwf/ tYo ;d]t k|i6 kfl/lbg] h:tf cf7 j6f k|Zg /fvL cl3Nnf] ljxLjf/ cfof]un] dxfGofoflwjQmfnfO{ kq k7fPsf] lyof] . dxfGofoflwjQmf sfsL{n] pQm kqk|lt cfklQ ub}{ To;sf] hjfkm g} glbO{ ef]lnkN6 clQmof/ lj?4 cGtl/d cfb]zsf nflu ;jf]{Rrdf d'2f bfo/ ug'{ePsf] lyof] .

dxfGofoflwjQmf sfsL{n] btf{ u/fpg' ePsf] d'2fsf] ;jf]{Rr cbfntn] ut d+unaf/ sf/0f b]vfpg cfb]z hf/L u/]sf] lyof] . ;jf]{Rr cbfntsf k|wfgGofofwLz s]zjk|;fb pkfWofosf] Psn Ohnfzn] sf/0f b]vfp cfb]z hf/L u/]kl5 lxhf]b]lv To; d'2fsf] ;DjGwdf cbfntdf 5nkmn e}/x]sf] 5 . lxhf] 5nkmn g;lsPsfn] kmfu'g @% ut]sf] nflu ;fl/Psf] 5 . cbfntdf ePsf] 5nkmndf dxfGofoflwjQmf sfsL{sf] tkm{af6 jl/i7 clwjQmf u0f]z/fh zdf{ / xl/x/ bfxfnn] jx; k}/jL ul//xg' ePsf] 5 eg] clVtof/sf] tkm{af6 clwjQmf cg'k/fh zdf{ / ;'zLn kGtn] ts{ ul//xg' ePsf] 5 .

;+ljwfgsf] wf/f !!)-@_ n] ljb]zL ljlgdo P]g nufotsf ;/sf/LjfbL x'g] d'2f ;/sf/sf] tkm{af6 d'2f rnfpg] jf grnfpg] eGg] s'/fsf] clGtd lg0f{o ug]{ clwsf/ dxfGofoflwjQmfnfO{ k|bfg u/]sf] 5 . To;/L u/]sf] lg0f{osf] af/]df ;/sf/n] ;d]t k|Zg p7fpg jf :ki6Ls/0f ;f]Wg gkfpg] ePsf]n] cfof]un] dxfGofoflwjQmfnfO{ :ki6Ls/0f ;f]Wg kfp"b}g eGg] ts{ clwjQmf xl/x/ bfxfnsf] 5 . lxhf]sf] jx;df klg pxf"n] ToxL s'/f p7fpg' ePsf] lyof] .

jx;df efu ln+b} clwjQmf cg'k/fh zdf{n] clVtof/n] s'g} d'2fsf] 5fglagsf] qmddf cfjZos k/]df dxfGofoflwjQmf;+u ;f]wk'5 ug{ ;S5 eGb} clVtof/sf] cg';Gwfgsf] bfo/fleq gkg]{ kblwsf/Lx?df dxfGofoflwjQmf gePsf] :ki6 ug'{eof] . pxf"n] cbfntn] cGtl/d cfb]z glbPdf dxfGofoflwjQmfsf] sfddf s'g} jfwf gkg]{ ePsf]n] lghsf] dfq cg';f/ cGtl/d cfb]z lbg' cfjZos gePsf] /fo k|s6 ug'{eof] .

csf{ clwjQmf ;'zLn kGtsf] klg o:t} wf/0ff lyof] . kGtn] hf]8bf/ z}nLdf eGg'eof]– dxfGofoflwjQmfsf] e"ldsf æ/fo lbg]Æ dfq xf] eg]/ plDsg ldNb}g . o:tf] dfdnfdf /fonfO{ g} lg0f{o dfGg' k5{ . h'g /fosf] cfwf/df sfd ePsf] 5, Tof] /fo lbg] dfG5]n] ;f] sfdsf] lhDd]bf/L lng} k5{ .

dxfGofoflwjQmf eGg] kb clVtof/n] sf/jfxL ug{ ;Sg] If]qflwsf/ eGbf aflx/sf] kb xf]Og eGb} kGtn] o; cl3 c? dxfGofoflwjQmf dfly klg clVtof/n] 5fglag u/]sf] pbfx/0f k|:t't ug'{eof] . pxf"sf] ts{ lyof]– k|=d=nfO{ t sf/jfxL ug{ ldN5 eg] k|=d=n] lgo'Qm u/]sf kbflwsf/LnfO{ cg';Gwfg ug{ lsg ldNb}g <

b]zel/ ljBfyL{x¿sf] xf]8jfhL

b]zsf ljleGg SofDk;x?df kl;{ cfOtaf/ x'g u}/x]sf] :jljo'sf] lgjf{rgdf clwsf+z SofDk;x?df g]lj;+3 / Pdfn] ;dly{t cg]/f:jljo'aLr s8f k|lt:kwf{ x'g] ePsf] 5 . oBlk sltko SofDk;x?df dfn] ;dly{t cg]/f:jljo' klg k|lt:kwf{df /x]sf] 5 . g]lj;+3n] ljutdf cfkm"n] lht]sf] SofDk;x?df jr{Zj sfod} /fVg] lglZrt k|foM ePsf] 5 .

l6s6 ljt/0fk|lt c;Gt'li6 k|s6 ub}{ ljb|f]xL pDd]bjf/ ag]sf JolQmx?n] ;d]t ;+3sf] Pstfdf hf]8 lb+b} cfkm\gf] pDd]bjf/L lkmtf{ lnPsf 5g\ . g]=lj=;+3 s]Gb|Lo sfof{nosf cg';f/ d]rL ax'd'vL Sofdk; emfkf, dx]Gb| df]/¨ SofDk; lj/f6gu/, /f/f ax'd'vL SofDk; hgsk'/, dx]Gb| ax'd'vL SofDk; g]kfnu~h, lq–rGb|, g]kfn n, lqljlj sLlt{k'/, k'Nrf]s OlGhlgol/¨ nufotsf SofDk;x?df cflwsfl/s pDd]bjf/x?sf] ;dy{g ub}{ :jtGq pDd]bjf/x?n] cfkm\gf] gfd lkmtf{ lnPkl5 ;+3n] ca Pstfj4 9+uaf6 lgjf{rgsf] ;fdgf ug]{ ePsf] 5 . ljb|f]xLx?sf] pDd]bjf/L lkmtf{n] ;+3sf] ljhonfO{ cem ;'lglZrt agfPsf] 5 . ;a} SofDk;x?df r'gfjL ultljlw olta]nf clGtd r/0fdf k'u]sf] 5 . g]=lj=;+3n] lxhf] /fhwfgLsf c:sn, z+s/b]j, lqljlj sLlt{k'/, kf6g, tfxfrn, nlntsnf, lqrGb| / kz'klt SofDk; rfj]ndf Ps;fy ljzfn sfo{qmdsf] cfof]hgf u¥of] .

o; k6ssf] :jljo' lgjf{rgdf lqrGb| SofDk;df ;'/h sfkm\n], z+s/b]jdf k|Hjn a:g]t, g]kfn sdz{ SofDk;, ldgejgdf gf/fo0f ef/tL, g]kfn n SofDk;df ljgf]b zfx, lqljlj sLlt{k'/df nf]s/fh e§, kf6g ;+o'Qmdf pd]z kf}8]n aflNdsLdf lji0f' kGyL, ;/:jtLdf pQd ld>, kz'klt SofDk; rfjlxndf bLks sfsL{, ljZjefiff SofDk;df ;'lgn a}B, dx]Gb| ax'd'vL SofDk; g]kfnu~hdf bLksk|;fb e08f/L, jjO{ ax'd'vL SofDk; u'nl/ofdf afns[i0f uf}td, /f/f jx'd'vL SofDk; hgsk'/df lztn ofbj, kfNkf SofDk;df dx]z 1jfnL, aL/]Gb| ax'd'vL SofDk; lrtjgdf ;'lgn >]i7, dx]Gb| df]/ª SofDk; lj/f6gu/df k"hf sf]O/fnf, d]rL jx'd'vL SofDk;df u0f]z kf]v/]n, d=j= SofDk; bfªdf lji0f' nfld5fg] ;efklt /x]sf] g]=lj=;+3sf] Kofgnn] lhTg] lgZrt k|foM 5 .

ljutb]lv g]lj;+3sf] jr{Zj sfod x'"b} cfPsf] g]kfnsf] ;aeGbf 7"nf] sGof SofDk; kb\d sGofnfO{ g]lj;+3n] cfkm\gf] k|lti7fsf] ljifo agfPsf] 5 . dlxnf tyf ;dfh sNof0f /fHodGqL sdnf kGt :jljo' ;efklt x'"bfsf] ;dob]lv g]lj;+3sf]] ;lqmo sfo{stf{ /x"b} cfPsL t/fO{ d"nsL pld{nf k+lhof/nfO{ o;k6s ;+3n] ;efkltsf] pDd]bjf/ agfPsf] 5 . k'/fgf] sfo{stf{nfO{ l6s6 lbP/ ;+3n] Toxf" /fd|f] sfd u/]sf] l6Kk0fL ljBfyL{ dfemdf 5 . t/ ;+3n] ;lrjsf] pDd]bjf/ agfPsL sNkgf sfsL{ :jtGq pDd]baf/ ag]sL 5g\ . ljut :jljo'df ;lrj /x]sL k+lhof/nfO{ ;efklt / ;x;lrj /x]sL sfsL{nfO{ ;lrjsf] pDd]bjf/ agfP/ ;+3n] cfkm\gf] sfo{stf{x?sf] ;xL d"Nof+sg u/]sfn] cflwsfl/s pDd]bjf/nfO{ g} lhtfpg' k5{ eGg] lk=s]=sf ljBfyL{x?sf] egfO{ 5 .

To;}u/L cf/=cf/= SofDk;df g]lj;+3sf e"k]Gb| /fO{ / Pdfn] clvnsf ljgf]b d~hg / dfn] clvnsf Zofd/fh /fO{ aLr lq–kIfLo le8Gt x'"b}5 . dx]Gb|/Tg tfxfrndf g]=lj=;+3sf d]3axfb'/ j~hf/f / Pdfn] clvnsf o1/fh ;'g'jf/, c:sn SofDk;df g]lj;+3sf /fdk|;fb clwsf/L, Pdfn] clvnsf e/t 9'jfn / dfn]sf 6]08L z]kf{aLr tLj| k|lt:kwf{ x'"b}5 . c:sndf g]lj;+3sf tkm{af6 sf]iffWoIfsf pDd]bjf/ cfof{ sf]O/fnfn] lhTg] ;+efjgf 5 . c? ;+u7gn] Toxf" ;Ifd dlxnfnfO{ dflyNnf] kbdf pDd]bjf/ agfPsf 5}gg\ .

eQmk'/ SofDk;df g]lj;+3sf hLjg vqL / Pdfn] clvnsf /fh]Gb| bfxfn, ;fgf]l7dL SofDk;df g]lj;+3sf ef]h/fh e';fn / Pdfn] clvnsf g/]Gb| 9sfn, k'Nrf]s OlGhlgol/¨df g]lj;+3sf lbg]z e§ / Pdfn] clvnsf ;'/h nfld5fg], d]l8l;g SofDk; dxf/fhu~hdf g]lj;+3sf /fh' >]i7 / Pdfn] clvnsf b]j/Tg rf}w/Lsf] KofgnaLr k|lt:kwf{ x'g]5 . oLdWo] clwsf+z SofDk;df g]lj;+3n] sAhf hdfpg] l:ylt 5 .

To;}u/L, gl;+ª SofDk; dxf/fhu~hdf O{Zj/L clwsf/L, dgf]x/f SofDk;df /fhg ;'j]bL, dx]Gb|/Tg ax'd'vL SofDk; Onfddf d+un Dofª\of], cfo'j]{b SofDk; g/b]jLdf Zofdafa' ofbj, sf]6]Zj/ ax'd'vL SofDk;df ljgf]baxfb'/ yfkf, yfkfynL OlGhlgo/l/¨df wg]Gb| s]=;L= u|fdL0f cfbz{ SofDk;df lji0f'xl/ e08f/L, s[lif SofDk; klAnxjfdf ;'/]z kf]v/]n, e}/xjf SofDk;df ;'zLn u'?ª, n'lDagL jfl0fHo SofDk;df dgf]h w'h', g'jfsf]6 cfbz{ ax'd'vL SofDk; g'jfsf]6df k|lj0f cdfTo, /];'ªuf ax'd'vL SofDk;df ;fu/l;+x 7s'/L / k[YjLgf/fo0f SofDk; kf]v/fdf ;'bLkdf]xg e§/fO{sf] Kofgn g]lj;+3sf tkm{af6 k|lt:kwf{df plqPsf] 5 .

tLg s]Gb|Lo ;b:o sf/jfxLdf

g]=lj=;+3 s]Gb|Lo ;ldltsf] lxhf]sf] a}7sn] cfkm\gf tLg hgf ;b:ox?nfO{ sf/jfxL u/]sf] 5 . ;+3sf] lxt ljk/Lt sfd u/]sfn] pgLx? dfly sf/jfxL ul/Psf] atfOPsf] 5 . o;/L sf/jfxLdf kg]{ s]Gb|Lo ;b:ox?df gf/fo0f cfrfo{, k|ltdf uf}td / dlgtf cf]nL /x]sf 5g\ . ut df3 @& ut]sf] ;+3sf] a}7sn] jfuL pDd]bjf/ / ltgsf ;dy{sx?nfO{ sf/jfxL ug]{ lg0f{o u/]sf] lyof] / jfuLnfO{ ;dy{g u/]s} sf/0f tL tLg hgf s]Gb|Lo ;b:ox? sf/jfxLdf k/]sf x'g\ . df3 @& ut] pQm lg0f{o ubf{sf] a}7sdf sf/jfxLdf k/]sf tLg} hgfsf] pkl:ylt lyof] / Tof] lg0f{odf pgLx?n] x:tfIf/ klg u/]sf lyP . To;}u/L, ;+3n] z+s/b]j, dLgejg / kb\dsGof SofDk;sf OsfO{ ;ldlt klg e+u u/]sf] 5 .

o;}aLr, k[YjLgf/fo0f SofDk; kf]v/fdf lxhf] g]=lj=;+3 / clvnaLr 7"nf] le8Gt eof] . ;f] le8Gtdf ;+3sf tkm{af6 ;efklt kbsf pDd]bjf/ ;'bLkdf]xg e§/fO{ ;Vt 3fOt] ePsf 5g\ . pgsf] xft ef"lrPsf] atfOPsf] 5 . ;f]xL le8Gtdf /fh' e08f/L nufot cGo ljBfyL{ klg 3fOt] ePsf 5g\ .

c;Gt'i6 #* ;f+;bsf] cfu|x

:jod\ ;Qf?9 bn g]kfnL sf+u|]; dWofjlwsf] kIfdf g/x]sf], d'n'ssf] kl/l:ylt klg To;sf] cg''s'n g/x]sf] cj:yfdf sf+u|];s} c;Gt'i6 kIfsf] g]t[Tj ul//xg' ePsf z]/axfb'/ b]pjfn] k|wfgdGqL lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnfnfO{ dWofjlw lgjf{rgdf ghfg cfu|x ug'{ ePsf] 5 . ut cfOtjf/ sf+u|]; s]Gb|Lo sfo{;ldltsf] a}7s a:g' cl3 k|wfgdGqL sf]O/fnfn] Pp6f cgf}krfl/s e]63f6df O+lut ug'{ePsf] jt{dfg ;+;b ult/f]wsf] cGTosf rf/ ljsNkdWo] dWofjlw r'gfj klg Ps x'g ;Sg] atfpg' ePsf] lyof] . To; cj;/df pxf"n] ;+;bdf cfkm\gf] kIfdf ax'dt /x]sf] l;4 ug]{, /fli6f]Og ;+;bdf /x]sf ljleGg /fhgLlts bnx?aLr ;Djfb / ;xdltsf] ljGb' vf]h]/ lgsfNg ;lsG5Æ elg/x]sf 5g\, h'g s'/f c;Gt'i6x?sf] jQmJodf pNn]v 5 .

;QfkIfsf #* æc;Gt'i6Æ ;f+;bx?sf] cfkm\gf] jQmJodf dWofjlw lgjf{rgk|lt cfkm\gf] u+eL/ c;xdlt /x]sf] k|i6 kfb}{ clxn] d'n'ssf] /fhgLlts, cfly{s, ;fdflhs l:ylt ;Gtf]ifhgs g/x]sf], zflGt;'/Iffsf] cj:yf cToGt gfh's /x]sf], ;j{;fwf/0fn] lge{o;fy Joj;fo u/]/ af"Rg ;Sg] cj:yf g/x]sf] pNn]v u/]sf 5g\ . ;+;bsf] jt{dfg sfo{sfnel/ g]kfnL sf+u|]; g} ;/sf/ rnfpg sf+u|];sf] ;+;bLo bndf ;'ljwfhgs ax'dt /x]sf] x'"bf of] cj;/nfO{ 5f8]/ dWofjlwdf hfg' g]kfnL sf+u|]; / k|hftGqsf] dfq xf]Og /fi6/fo0fk|sfz ;fjb, ch'{gh+uaxfb'/ l;+x, e/taxfb'/ zfx, s[i0flszf]/ l3ld/], df]xgaxfb'/ a:g]t, ;j{wg /fO{, pdfsfGt rf}w/L, u]x]Gb| lu/L, xl/eQm zdf{ x'g'x'G5 .

;xdltsf] 9f]sf v'n]sf] 5

ljgoWjh rGb
k|d'v ;r]ts, g]=sf=

olta]nf d'n's c;xh kl/l:yltaf6 u'lh|/x]sf] 5 . vf;u/L ;+;bsf] pGgfO;f}+ clwj]zg z'? ePkl5 ;+;bdf pTkGg ult/f]wsf sf/0f hgtfdf /fd|f] ;Gb]z hfg ;s]sf] 5}g . t/ clxNo} lg/fz x'g' kg]{ cj:yf eg] 5}g . ;aeGbf 7"nf] s'/f eg]sf] cfk;L ;Djfb xf], xfdLn]] ;DjfbnfO{ k|fyldstf lbPsf 5f}+ . k|ltkIfaf6 klg ;Djfb ul/g'k5{ eGg] xfd|f] dfGotf 5 . To; cfwf/df clxn] k|ltkIf;+u ;efd'vHo"n] klg ;xdltsf] ljGb' vf]Hgsf nflu cfkm\gf] tkm{af6 cfjZos kxn ul//xg' ePsf] 5 . xfd|f] k|wfgdGqL klg cfk;L ;Djfbs} cfwf/df of] ult/f]w ;dfKt kfg]{tkm{ lqmofzLn x'g'x'G5 . To;}n] dnfO{ ljZjf; 5 ca l5§} g} ;+;bdf pTkGg ult/f]w ;dfKt x'g]5 . /fhgLltdf ;Dk"0f{ 9f]sf aGb u/]/ sf]xL klg a:b}g . To;} cfwf/df cGttM Pp6f lgisif{df k'Ug] ;xh / ;/n dfu{ kQf nufpg ;lsG5 . b]zsf] lrGtf ;a}nfO{ 5 . ;a} /fhgLlts bnsf g]tfx?n] /fli6nfdf] ;do;Dd ;+;b cj?4 x'"bf jt{dfg ;+j}wflgs k|hftGq / ax'bnLo ;+;bLo Joj:yf lj/f]wL k|ltufdL zlQmx?n] rnv]n ug]{ df}sf kfpg] t x}gg\ eGg] lrGtf cfd hgtfdf /x]sf] d}n] kfPsf] 5' . of] ;f]rgLo / lrGtfhgs ljifo 5 . of] b]zdf k|ltufdL / k|ltlqmofjfbL tTjx? ;NanfO/x]sf 5g\ . jt{dfg Joj:yfnfO{ k|efjsf/L 9+un] rNg glbg] bfp pgLx?sf] 5 . jt{dfg cGof}nk"0f{ jftfj/0faf6 e/k"/ kmfObf p7fpg] k|oTg pgLx?n] ul//x]sf] dx;'; ul/b}5 . o; ljifodf ;Dk"0f{ k|hftGqk|lt cf:yfjfg dflg;x?n] ulDe/tfsf;fy lng'k5{ eGg] dnfO{ nfU5 . ;+;bdf b]vfk/]sf] ult/f]waf6 k|ltudgsf/L zlQmafx]s s;}nfO{ kmfObf 5}g eGg] s'/f ;a}n] a'em\g' h?/L 5 . dnfO{ k"0f{ ljZjf; 5 k|hftGqsf nflu nfdf] ;do;Dd s7f]/ ;+3if{ ug'{ ePsf xfd|f k|ltkIfL ldqx?n] ;dosf] u+eLo{tfnfO{ cjZo a'em\g' x'g]5 / ;bgnfO{ k|efjsf/L 9+uaf6 cufl8 a9\g lbg' x'g]5 . xfd|f k|ltkIfL ldqx?n] clxn] klg ;Djfbsf] af6f] c+ufNg' ePsf] 5 . cfk;L 5nkmnsf cfwf/df lgisif{df k'Ug] s'/fdf pxf"x? ;xdt x'g'nfO{ klg ;sf/fTds ;+s]tsf] ?kdf d}n] x]/]sf] 5' . ;+jfbxLgtf gx'g' g} of] ult/f]w ;dfKt x'g] nIf0f xf] . ca s]xL lbgleq ;+;b cfkm\gf] lgoldt sfd sf/jfxLtkm{ s]lGb|t x'g]5 .

k|wfgdGqLsf] /fhLgfdfsf] dfu /fv]/ k|ltkIfL ;fyLx?n] ;+;b cj?4 kfl//xg' ePsf] 5 . To;sf] k5fl8 of] b]zdf ;'wf/ cfcf];\, e|i6frf/ lgoGq0f xf];\ eGg] pxf"x?sf] rfxgf xf]nf . olb pxf"x?nfO{ e|i6frf/ lgoGq0f x'G5, b]zaf6 ljs[lt / lj;+ult x6\5 eGg] s'/fsf] Uof/]G6L ldNof] eg] pxf"x? cfkm\gf] dfu lkmtf{ lng'x'G5 . d}n] a'em] cg';f/ k|wfgdGqLsf] /fhLgfdfsf] s'/f /fv]/ lj;+ult / ljs[lt x6\5 eGg] Uof/]G6L kfpg] pxf"x?sf] ;f]r x'g'k5{ . ToxL ;f]rsf] cfwf/df ;Djfb cufl8 a9\g' k5{ . k|ltkIfn] k|wfgdGqLsf] /fhLgfdf dfuL ;bg cj?4 ug]{ ljlQs} k|wfgdGqLn] /fhLgfdf lbg] xf] eg] h'g ghL/ :yflkt x'G5 . To;n] s;}nfO{ kmfObf x'"b}g . cfh g]kfnL sf+u|];sf] ;/sf/ 5 ef]ln Pdfn] jf c? s'g} kf6L{sf] ;/sf/ xf]nf < To;a]nf klg clxn] h:t} k|wfgdGqLsf] /fhLgfdf dfluof] eg] p;n] klg /fhLgfdf lbg] < To;sf/0f o:tf] k/Dk/f a;fNg' ;+;bLo Joj:yfsf nflu plrt x'"b}g . To:tf] k|sf/sf] unt ghL/ :yflkt ug]{ kxn s;}n] ug'{ x'"b}g .

;+;bsf] n]vf ;ldltn] klg nfp8f hxfh k|s/0fdf k|wfgdGqLnfO{ bf]ifL 7x¥ofPsf] 5}g . nfp8f k|s/0fdf clgoldttf / e|i6frf/ ug]{ bf]ifLx? pk/ dlGqd08nn] sf/jfxL u/f];\ eGg] lgisif{ n]vf ;ldltn] lgsfn]sf] 5 . n]vf ;ldltn] To:tf] lgb]{zg lbP kl5 dlGqkl/ifb\n] ;f] ljifodf 5fglag / cg';Gwfg ug]{ sfo{ clVtof/ b'?kof]u cg';Gwfg cfof]unfO{ ;'lDkPsf] 5 . To;}af6 klg at{dfg dlGqkl/ifb\ ljs[lt, lj;+ult x6fpg tof/ 5 eGg] s'/f k|dfl0ft x'G5 . olb nfp8f sf08df ;/sf/sf] ;+nUgtf ePsf] eP p;n] Pp6f Goflos cfof]u u7g u/]/ of] ljifonfO{ yGSofpg klg ;SYof] . t/ lgikIf 9+un] 5fglag xf];\ eg]/ g} ;/sf/n] clVtof/nfO{ pQm ljifodf :jtGq 9+uaf6 5fglag ug{ lbPsf] xf] . ;+;bdf pTkGg ult/f]w x6fpg] ljifodf lxhf] klg ;j{bnLo jftf{ eof] . xfdL rf8}+ ;xdltsf] ljGb'df k'Ub}5f}+ . g]tfx?aLr 5nkmn, ljrf/ ljdz{ e} lgisif{df k'Ug ;lsof];\ eg]/ g} b'O{, tLg lbg ;+;b aGb ul/Psf] xf] . ca lgs6 eljiod} of] ult/f]w ;dfKt x'g] ljZjf; ug{ ;lsG5 . ;+;bdf lgSs} dxTjk"0f{ ljw]osx? btf{ ePsf 5g\ . e|i6frf/sf] lgjf/0f ug]{ clVtof/nfO{ clwsf/ ;DkGg ug]{, /fhgLlts bnx?sf] sfd sf/jfxLnfO{ kf/bzL{ 9+uaf6 ;+rfng ug]{ h:tf ljw]os o;} clwj]zgaf6 kfl/t x'g'k5{ / x'G5g\ eGg] s'/fdf d ljZj:t 5' .

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