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g]kfnL sf+u|]; cfk;L cGtå{Gå / cGtla{u|xsf] /f]uaf6 u|:t ePsf] lgs} nfdf] ;do e};s]sf] 5 / nfp8f k|s/0f kl5 t of] /f]u emg\ rs{g yfn]sf] 5 . clxn] sf+u|]; k"/} kf6L{ k|wfgdGqLn] /fhLgfdf lbg'kg]{ ls gkg]{ eGg] ljGb'df kIf / ljkIfdf ljeflht x'g k'u]sf] 5 . x'g t nfp8f k|s/0f z'? x'g' eGbf klxn]b]lv g} …lul/hf x6fp, kf6L{ arfpÚ– cleofg z'? gePsf] xf]Og, t}klg nfp8f k|s/0fdf cfPsf] clVtof/sf] lg0f{okl5 o; cleofgdf c? tLj|tf cfPsf] 5 . Psflt/ Pdfn] ;lxtsf jfd kf6L{x? ;+;bsf] pGgfO;f}+ clwj]zg k"/} cj?4 u/]/ dfq gk'uL clxn] 8]9 dlxgfb]lv ;8s cfGbf]ngdf pq]sf 5g\ / tLg lbg] g]kfn aGb sfo{qmd ;d]t ul/;s]sf 5g\ . pgLx?sf] dfu klg l;+uf] ?kdf k|wfgdGqL lul/hfn] /fhLgfdf lbg'k5{ eGg] g} 5 . o;/L Pdfn] ;lxtsf cGo k|ltkIfL kf6L{x?sf] / sf+u|];leqsf] c;Gt'i6 u'6sf] dfu Pp6} x'g cfPsf] 5 . xf], o;sf nflu Pdfn] ;lxtsf k|ltkIfL kf6L{x? o; p2]Zosf nflu ;8s ttfpg] k|of;df 5g\ / c;Gt'i6 sf+u|];Lx? kf6L{leq}, t/ k|ToIf ?kdf ;+3if{/t 5g\– km/s olt xf] . s] t o; cfGbf]ngn] k|wfgdGqLnfO{ x6fpg ;Snf t < clxn]sf] k|Zg oxL xf] .

hxf“ts Pdfn]sf] …k|wfgdGqL x6fpÚ cleofgsf] k|Zg 5, of] cfGbf]ng sfg"gL b[li6n] dfq xf]Og, hg;dy{gsf b[li6n] klg :jtM k/fhLt e};s]sf] 5 . k|wfgdGqLnfO{ x6fpg] j}B / sfg"gL pkfosf] s'/f ug]{ xf] eg] k|wfgdGqLn] Pdfn] ;lxtsf k|ltkIfL kf6L{x?nfO{ o; ;DaGwdf a/fa/ xf“s lb+b} cfpg' ePsf] 5 / k|ltkIfn] pxf“nfO{ x6fpg ljlw;Ddt pkfo s'g} gb]lvPsf]n] g} clxn] ;8s cfGbf]ngdf pq]sf] xf] . t/ 8]9 dlxgfb]lv rNb} u/]sf] ;8s cfGbf]ngsf] klg kof{Kt hg;dy{gsf] cefjdf ToxL kl/0ffd lg:sg nfu]sf] 5, h'g kl/0ffd nueu b'O{ dlxgfsf] ;+;b cj/f]w sfo{qmdaf6 lg:s]sf] lyof] . Pdfn]n] ;8s cfGbf]ng k|f/De ubf{ h:tf] hg;dy{gsf] cfzf /fv]sf] lyof], To; cg'?ksf] hg;dy{g cfGbf]ngsf] k|f/Desf] lbgb]lv g} kfpg ;s]g . pN6}, hgtfsf] cledt k"0f{tM o; k|sf/sf] cfGbf]ngsf] ljkIfdf b]lvg yfNof] . zfob o;} lg/fzfsf] kl/0ffd g} xf], jfd kf6L{x?sf] clxn] rln/x]sf] g]kfn aGb sfo{qmd . o; sfo{qmdn] t hgtfdf s]jn cfqmf]z dfq a9fPsf] 5 . cfGbf]ngsf/Ln] 9'+uf–d'9f unf{g\ eGg] 8/ gxf]cf];\ t clxn] g Pp6f dfq} klg bf]sfg aGb /xGYof], g t ;8sdf u'8\g] uf8Lx?sf] sdL x'GYof] . k|To]s bf]sfgbf/nfO{ cfkm\gf] bf]sfgsf] dfof 5, k|To]s a; jf 6] k|lt hgtfsf] pk]Iffefj dfq ge} tLa| cfqmf]zsf] kl/rfos klg xf] . d cGoqsf] s'/f ug{ rfxGg . vf; sf7df8f}+s} s'/f ug]{ xf] eg] To;} klg o:tf aGb / tf]8kmf]8af6 jfSs ePsf] hgtf, To;}df klg ;L7L gvh:tf] dxTjk"0f{ ;f+:s[lts rf8sf cj;/df cfof]lht o; aGbsf k|lt slt 7"nf] cfqmf]z b]lvPsf] lyof] eg] To; cfqmf]zdf Ps sf“6L ;nfO{ dfq sf]/]/ ;NsfOlbg] sf]xL x'"bf] xf] t To;sf] kl/0ffd slt eofjx x'"bf] xf], eGg ;lsG5 .

Pdfn] ;d]tsf] jfd ;d"xn] ljlw;Ddt pkfoåf/f k|wfgdGqLnfO{ x6fpg ;+;baf6 g;s]kl5 ;8sdf cf]n{bf klg ;8saf6 x6fpg] s'/f klg c;Dej k|foM e};s]sf] 5 . ;+;bleqsf] ;fj{hlgs n]vf ;ldltn] nfp8f hxfh k|s/0fdf k|wfgdGqLsf] ;d]t ;+nUgtf b]vfPkl5 g}ltstfsf] cfwf/df klg k|wfgdGqLn] /fhLgfdf ug'{k5{ eg]/ lbPsf] g}ltstfsf] b'xfO{ klg otf cfP/ ca lg/y{s ePsf] 5 . nfp8f k|s/0fdf ;fj{hlgs n]vf ;ldltn] lbPsf] lg0f{onfO{ ;+;bsf] g} lg0f{o dfg]/ k|wfgdGqLsf] /fhLgfdf dfUg] jfd ;d"xsf] g]t[Tj ug]{ Pdfn] clxn] rfOgf ;fpy j]i6 Po/sf] k|s/0fdf ;f] ;ldltsf] lg0f{onfO{ v'nf xf“s lb+b} n]vf ;ldltsf] ;f] lg0f{o Pdfn]sf] nflu cdfGo 3f]lift ug{ ;d]t lxlRsrfPsf] 5}g . olt dfq x}g, n]vf ;ldltsf] ;f] lg0f{o pk/ 5fglag ug{ cfkm\gf] kf6L{sf] Pp6f pRr 5fglag ;ldltsf] ;d]t u7g ug{ k'u]sf] 5 . Pdfn]n] b]vfPsf] o:tf] å}w rl/qsf sf/0f p;n] p7fp"b} cfPsf] g}ltstfsf] k|Zg :jtM d"NoxLg / dxTjxLg x'g k'u]sf] 5 . n]vf ;ldltsf] j}w / sfg"g;Ddt lg0f{onfO{ …cw'/f], ck'/f] / q'l6k"0f{Ú lg0f{o 7x¥ofO{ To; lg0f{o pk/ 5fglag ug{ 5fglag ;ldlt u7g ug]{ Pdfn]sf] cj}w / cgflwsf/ r]i6fn] of] k|efljt u/]sf] 5 ls Pdfn]n] g}ltstfsf] k|Zg p7fpg' g} g;'xfpg] / ckTofl/nf] s'/f] xf] . k6s–k6s o;/L c;+;bLo / c;+j}wflgs sfo{ u/]/ cfd hgtfdf zflGt vnaNofpg' Pdfn]h:tf] kf6L{nfO{ ;'xfpg] s'/f] x'g ;Sb}g . clxn] ;+;bdf sf+u|];sf] ax'dt 5 / k|wfgdGqL s;nfO{ agfpg] jf s;nfO{ x6fpg] eGg] bfloTj klg sf+u|];sf] xf] . lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnfnfO{ k|wfgdGqL p;}n] agfPsf] xf] / x6fpg' cfjZos b]v]df sf+u|];n] g} x6fp"5 . o;df cGo kf6L{n] 6fpsf] b'vfpg' cgfjZos 5 . Pdfn] dxf;lrj dfwj g]kfnn] k6s k6s eGg'ePsf] ;'lgPsf] 5 ls sf+u|];n] c? hf] ;'s}nfO{ k|wfgdGqL agfcf];\, To;df pxf“sf] d~h/L 5, t/ lul/hfk|;fbnfO{ x6fpg} k5{ . sf+u|];sf] ;/sf/ dfGg], lul/hfnfO{ gdfGg] of] t ;/f;/ sf+u|];sf] cfGtl/s /fhgLltdf x:tIf]k ePg / < Pdfn] Ot/ kf6L{n] Pdfn]nfO{ ;+;bdf k|ltkIfsf] g]tf c? hf] ;'s}nfO{ agfp, xfdLnfO{ dGh'/ 5, t/ dfwj g]kfnnfO{ x'Gg eGg kfpg] ls gkfpg] < o;}n] Pdfn] ;lxtsf k|ltkIfL kf6L{x?n] ;+;bdf ;+;bLo k/Dk/f / lgod cg';f/ sf+u|];sf] ;/sf/ g} gdfGg] c8fgsf;fy cljZjf; k|:tfj Nofpg ;Sg'k5{, cGoyf k|wfgdGqL s;nfO{ agfpg] eGg] sf+u|];sf] cfGtl/s dfldnfdf x:tIf]k u/]/ ;+;bLo kl/kf6LnfO{ g} cl:y/ t'Nofpg] k|of; ug'{x'Gg . ax'dtdf /x]sf] sf+u|]; ;+;bLo bnn] ljZjf; u?~h]n lul/hfk|;fb g} k|wfgdGqL aGg]5g\ / sf+u|]; ;+;bLo bn x6fpg rfx]df k|wfgdGqLsf] s';L{df a:g] pgsf] clwsf/ :jtM ;dfKt x'g]5 .

jf:tjdf g} eGg] xf] eg] cfhsf] ;d:of …lul/hf x6fpÚ– eGg] xf]Og . …k|hftGq arfpÚ– cfhsf] ;d:of xf] . lul/hf Pp6f JolQm x'g\ / pgL /xg' jf x6\g' 7"nf] s'/f] xf]Og . :jof\ lul/hfn] rfx]df jf sf+u|]; ;+;bLo bnn] rfx]df of] s'/f] hlxn] klg ;Dej 5  . t/ k|hftGq < k|hftGq hgtfsf] 7"nf] Tofu, tk:of / alnbfgaf6 dfq k|fKt ePsf] hgtfsf] cd"No lglw xf] . k|hftGq u'Dg' eg]sf] hgtfsf] ;j{:j u'Dg' xf] . cfh xfdLn] cEof; ub}{ u/]sf] ax'bnLo ;+;bLo k|0ffnL, ;+j}wflgs /fhtGq / jt{dfg ;+ljwfgsf] lj?4 slt 7"nf] xf“s cfPsf] 5, of] ;a}n] b]v]–hfg]–a'em]s} s'/f] xf] . ;+;bLo k|hftGqsf] lj?4sf] o; xf“ssf] ;fdgf ug{ cfh ;+;bLo k|hftGq / ;+j}wflgs /fhtGqdf ljZjf; /fVg] zlQm hlt ;a} Ps u7 x'g' cfjZos 5 . o:tf] ;+s6k"0f{ 38Ldf klg ax'bnLo ;+;bLo k|0ffnLdf ljZjf; /fVg] zlQm cfk;df Ps u7 eP/ k|hftGqsf lj?4sf] xf“ssf] ;fdgf ug{ h'd'{/fP/ p7\t}gg\ / t]/f] ;/sf/ ls d]/f] ;/sf/, cyjf t" k|wfgdGqL ls d k|wfgdGqLsf] cgfjZos ljjfbdf g} d'n'sdf csf]{ s[lqd ;+s6 yKg lxlRsrfp"b}gg\ eg] clg t s]jn k|hftGqdfq xf]Og, o; d'n'ssf] /fli6t/ clxn]sf] b'ef{Uo t of] xf] ls ;+;bleq jf aflx/sf ;a} k|hftGqjfbL zlQmnfO{ Ps t'NofO{ /fi6 k[ys a:g k'Ug' eof] . u0f]zdfghLsf] cj;fgkl5 klg o; dte]bsf] vf8nn] k'l/g] gfd slxNo} lnPg / k|ltlbg emg\ emg\ ulxl/b} uPsf] 5 . w]/}n] of] 7fg]sf 5g\ ls of] dte]b lsz'ghL / lul/hfafa'sf aLrsf] dfq xf] / pxf“x? b'O{6f ldNof] jf b'a} g]t[Tjaf6 klG5of] eg] of] emu8f ;dfKt x'G5 . t/ cfGtl/s jf:tljstf To:tf] 5 h:tf] dnfO{ nfUb}g . of] ;To xf] ls lsz'ghL / lul/hfafa'sf aLr afx\o ?kdf cfk;fd hlt;'s} cfTdLotf b]vfP klg k/Dk/ hlt ;Ddfg u/] klg leqL ?kdf kf/:kl/s dgd'6fj kof{Kt dfqfdf 5 . lul/hfafa'n] lsz'ghLnfO{ k|wfgdGqL kbaf6 x6fPsf] g lsz'ghLn] la;{g ;Sg' x'G5, g t lul/hfafa' g} lsz'ghLn] af/Daf/ pxf“nfO{ k|wfgdGqL kbaf6 /fhLgfdf lbg eGg] u/]sf] s'/f g} la;{g ;Sg' x'G5 . pxf“x? b'O{ hgfsf]aLrdf hlt dgd'6fj 5, ca t bf];|f] k':tfsf g]tfx?df emg\ a9L b]lvg yfn]sf] 5 . kf6L{sf] g]t[Tjsf nflu jf k|wfgdGqL kbsf nflu bf];|f] k':tfsf k|TofzLdf df]6fdf]6L ?kdf clxn] rf/ hgf b]lvPsf 5g\M !_ z]/axfb'/ b]pjf, @_ ;'zLn sf]O/fnf, #_ /fdrGb| kf}8]n / $_ z}nhf cfrfo{ . oL rf/dWo] s]jn k|lt:kwf{sf] efjgfdfq xf]Og, k/:k/ O{iof{ efjgf klg t plQs} 5 . z]/axfb'/hL Psk6s ;f}efUojz k|wfgdGqL klg e};s]sf] / lsz'ghLsf] klg cfzLjf{b kfPsf]n] cfkm"nfO{ efjL k|wfgdGqLsf] ?kdf k]z ub}{ x'g'x'G5 . af“sL tLgdWo] of] s'/f s;}nfO{ klg dfGo 5}g– g ;'zLn, g z}nhf, g /fdrGb| . z]/axfb'/hL / ;'zLnhLsf] aLrsf] kf/:kl/s ltQmtf ;j{ljlbt 5 . /fdrGb|hLsf] dxTjsf+Iffn] pxf“nfO{ lsz'ghL / lul/hfafa'eGbf afx]s c?nfO{ cfkm"eGbf jl/i7 7fGg lb+b}g . z}nhf emg\ s] sd . aL=kL=sf] ;fydf pxf“s} ;+utdf x's]{ a9]sL s]6L, @)!& ;fnb]lv g} qmflGtdf xf]ldP/ cg]s h]ng]n ;xb} cfPsL / o;}n] clxn]s} cj:yfdf g]t[Tj x:tfGt/0f x'G5 eg] x:tfGt/0fsf] o; k|lqmofn] s]jn g]t[Tjsf] dfq x:tfGt/0f ug}{ 5}g, g]t[Tjsf] ;fy;fy} jt{dfgdf g]t[Tjdf /x]sf] s6'tfsf] ;d]t x:tfGt/0f ug]{5 . o;}n] sf+u|];sf] :yfloTjsf] nflu cfhsf] d'ne"t k|Zg lul/hfafa'n] /fhLgfdf lbg] ls glbg] eGg] xf]Og, d"n k|Zg t lul/hfafa' / lsz'ghLn] kf/:kl/s ;b\efjgf / ;f}xfb|tfsf;fy ljjfb/lxt g]t[Tj x:tfGt/0f ug{ ;Sg'x'G5 ls x'Gg eGg] xf] . o;sf nflu k|ydtM kf6L{sf b'O{ zLif{ g]tfx?n] g} cfk;L ljjfb / dgd'6fj cfk;d} a;]/ ;dfKt ug'{k¥of] . To;kl5 pxf“x? b'j} ldn]/ bf];|f] k':tfdf ;/]sf]] dgd'6fj ;dfKt kfg'{k¥of] . clgdfq pxf“x?n] ljjfb/lxt g]t[Tj x:tfGt/0f ug{ ;Sg'x'g]5 . lsz'ghL / lul/hfafa' b'j}n] o; s'/fdf Wofg lbg' cfjZos 5 .

clVtof/n] g} /fhgLlt ug{ yfn]kl5

k|e'gf/fo0f a:g]t

clVtof/ b'?kof]u cg';Gwfg cfof]usf sf/0f oltj]nf d'n's cGof}nsf] aGbL ag]sf] 5 . clVtof/nfO{ 9fn agfP/ cfkm\gf] :jfy{l;4 ug{ rfxg] tTjn] clxn] dlnnf] hldg k|fKt u/]sf] 5 . zfxL g]kfn afo' ;]jf lgudn] nfp8f ljdfg ef8fdf ln+bf e|i6frf/ u/]sf] eg]/ ;fj{hlgs n]vf ;ldltn] u/]sf] lg0f{osf] cfwf/df ;b\efjgf afx]s ;a} k|ltkIfL bnn] b'O{ dlxgf;Dd ;+;b clwj]zg cj?4 u/fP . Tolta]nf g} Tof] d'2f clVtof/df ljrf/fwLg /x]sf] lyof] . nfp8f ;DjGwL g} ;jf]{Rr cbfntdf /x]sf] d'2f vf/]h ePsf] eP klg clVtof/n] u/]sf] lg0f{on] eg] d'n'sn] cGof}nsf] cj:yfaf6 d'Qm x'g] 5f“6 b]lvPsf] 5}g .

bz hgfnfO{ bf]ifL 7x/ u/L d'2f rnfpg] clVtof/n] k|wfgdGqL lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnfnfO{ g t s'g} cleof]u nufP/ d'2f rnfPsf] 5 g pxf“nfO{ To; d'2faf6 km;]{ g} ul/lbPsf] 5 . dlGqkl/ifb\n] u/]sf] lg0f{osf] cfwf/df clgoldttf / e|i6frf/ ePsf]n] cfufdL lbgdf To:tf] gxf];\ eg]/ …k|wfgdGqLnfO{ ;r]t u/fO{ n]vL k7fpg]Ú lg0f{o u/]sf]n] clxn] clVtof/sf] ToxL lg0f{onfO{ cfkm\gf] cg's"n kl/efiff / JofVof ug]{ qmd rn]sf] 5 . h;n] ubf{ d'n'sdfly cem 7"nf] ;+s6n] 3]g{ nu]sf] 5 . clVtof/n] lgikIf, :jtGq / k"jf{u|x/lxt 9+un] 5fglag u/]/ tYo / k|df0fsf] cfwf/df h] lgisif{ lg:sG5, ToxL lg0fo lbPsf] eP clxn];Dd u'lD;P/ /x]sf ;d:ofn] ;xh lgsf; kfpg ;SYof] . pknAw tYo / k|df0fsf] cfwf/df d'n'ssf k|wfgdGqL bf]ifL 7xl/G5g\ eg] p;n] lge{otfsf;fy cfkm\gf] lg0f{odf Tof] s'/f pNn]v ug]{ / k|wfgdGqLdfly d'2f rnfpg] l;kmfl/z ug{ ;Sg'kYof]{ . xf]Og, sfg"gL cfwf/, pknJw tYo / k|df0fn] bf]ifL b]vfp"b}g eg] pxf“nfO{ lgbf]{if ;fljt ug'{ ;Sg'kYof]{ . t/ b'a} gu/]/ clVtof/n] d'n'sdf cGof}n sfod /fVg] pkfo dfq u/]sf] 5 . t/ k|wfgdGqLnfO{ l;w} bf]ifL b]vfp"bf ;Qf?9 bn l/;fpg] / bf]if d'Qm ubf{ k|ltkIf gf/fh x'g] 7fgL clVtof/n] b'a}sf] lrQ a'emfpg] Wo]o /fv]sf] 5 . To;df clVtof/sf] lgot, lgi7f / Odfgdfly g} k|Zg p7fpg] 7fp" e]l6Psf] 5 . olb clVtof/n] s'g} b'/f;o g/fv]sf] eP lsg eo / qf;sf] jGbL ag]/ To:tf] lg0f{o lbof] <

clxn] clVtof/s} lg0f{osf] cfwf/df k|ltkIfL bn, sf+u|];leqs} lj/f]wL ;d"x / ljleGg kqklqsfn] k|wfgdGqL bf]ifL 7xl/Psf] bfjL ul///x]sf 5g\ . k|wfgdGqL sfg"gL?kn] bf]ifL g7xl/P klg g}lts ?kn] km;]sf] s'/f ;a}lt/af6 cfO/x]sf] 5 . ptf k|wfgdGqLsf kIfw/x? clVtof/n] k|wfgdGqLnfO{ lgbf]{if ;fljt u/]sf] bfjL ub}{{ lx+8]sf 5g\ . t/ clVtof/n] g k|ltkIfn] eg]h:tf] k|wfgdGqLnfO{ bf]ifL g} ls6fg u/]sf] 5 g t pxf“sf ljZjf;kfqx?n] eg] em}+ lgbf]{liftfsf] k|df0fkq g} lbPsf] 5 . clVtof/n] k|wfgdGqLsf cf;]kf;]nfO{ /fhLgfdf lbg' kb}{g eGg] bjfj lbg] cfwf/ t lbPsf] 5 t/ To;sf] nflu ljkIfLx?nfO{ lrQa'em\bf] hjfkm lbg] 7fp" eg] aGb ul/lbPsf] 5 . k|ltkIfLx?n] klg clVtof/n] dlGqkl/ifb\s} lg0f{osf] cfwf/df e|i6frf/ ePsf] / cfOGbf To:tf] x'g gkfcf];\ eg]/ n]vL k7fpg] lg0f{o u/]kl5 …ts{sf] cfwf/df grNg]Ú ljkIfLnfO{ klg kof{Kt d;nf ePsf] 5 .

o;/L k|wfgdGqLn] /fhLgfdf lbg' klg gkg]{ / k|ltkIfn] cfGbf]ng lkmtf{ klg lng' gkg]{ l:ylt sfod /fVg] dfq Wofg clVtof/n] /fv]sf] b]lvG5 . clVtof/ lgZrog} Pp6f ;+j}wflgs lgsfo xf] t/ /fhgLlts lg0f{0f ug]{ c+u xf]Og . clVtof/, cbfnth:tf s'g} /fhgLlts u'6, JolQm / kIfsf] lxt– clxtdf nfUg' gx'g] ;+:yfx? clxn] 8/, wfs–wDsL / k|nf]egdf km";]/ lg0f{o ug{ yfn]sf 5g\ . ^ dlxgfb]lv d'n'snfO{ clg0f{osf] aGbL agfP/ cGof}n, cl:y/tf / c/fhstfsf] cj:yf l;h{gf ug]{ nfp8f k|s/0fdf clVtof/n] lbPsf] lg0f{on] To;df lgot g} v/fj /x]sf] k|i6 ;+s]t u/]sf] 5 . clxn] clVtof/n] :jtGq, lgikIf / lgle{s eP/ 5fglag ug]{ / 5fglagsf] lgisif{nfO{ h:tfs} t:t} ;fj{hlgs ug]{ af6f] 5f8]/ cb[Zo zlQmsf] Ozf/fdf sfd ug{ yfn]sf cfefif ldNg yfn]sf] 5 . To:tf lqmofsnfkn] clVtof/sf] cf}lrTodfly g} k|Zg p7\g yfn]sf] 5 . clVtof/n] g} s'g} d'2fnfO{ cgfjZos /fhgLlts/0f ug]{ /fhgLlts d'2fsf] km};nf ug]{, s;}k|lt cfu|x–k"jf{u|x /fVg] / s;}k|lt cgk]lIft ?kn] ;sf/fTds x'g] ug{ yfn]kl5 /fhgLlts kf6L{sf] vf“rf] lsg k¥of] < cj /fhgLlts kf6L{n] ug]{ sfd klg clVtof/n] g} u/] eOxfNof] lg / …clVtof/nfO{ xfdLn] bjfj lbP/ k|wfgdGqLnfO{ lr7L n]Vg nufPsf xf}+Ú eGg] k|d'v k|ltkIfL g]tf dfwj g]kfnsf] sygdf ;Totf 5 eg] clVtof/ Pdfn]sf] v]nf}+gf ;fljt ePsf] 5 . p;n] clgoldttf gxf];\, clVtof/sf] b'?kof]u s;}af6 gxf];\, sfg"g ldRg] k|a[lQ /f]lsof];\ eGg] eGbf klg cfkm"k|lt s'g} vf; JolQm / ;+:yfsf] s[kfb[li6 k'uf];\ eGg] dfq rfxgf /fv]sf] b]lvG5 .

sfg"gsf] s'g wf/fsf] cfwf/df k|wfdGqLnfO{ …;r]tÚ u/fOPsf] xf], s'g wf/fsf] cfwf/df uf]Ko kq k7fP/ k|Zg ;f]w]sf] xf] eGg] pNn]v ;d]t gu/L /fhgLlt ug]{ clwsf/ clVtof/n] sxf“af6 kfof] < /, clVtof/n] d''n'ssf] ;+/rgf vNjNofpg], s;}sf] OR5f / clgR5fdf lg0f{o ug]{, s;}k|lt k"jf{u|x /fVg] xf] eg] d'n's sxf“ k'U5 < lgikIf 5fglag u/]/ lul/hfk|;fb bf]ifL ePsf] k|dfl0ft u/]sf] eP pxf“n] cfkm\gf] kbaf6 tTsfn /fhLgfdf lbg' kYof]{ / pxf“nfO{ lgbf]{if ;fljt u/]sf] eP ToxL d'2fnfO{ cfwf/ agfP/ ;8s ;+3if{ ul//x]sfx?n] cfGbf]ng lkmtf{ lng jfWo x'g'kYof]{ . b'a} cj:yfdf d'n'sdf JofKt cGof}nsf] lgsf; klxNofpg ;Sg] lglZrt lyof] . t/ clVtof/n] lgsf;sf] d'xfg cfkm}+n] y'lglbPsf] 5 . ^–^ dlxgf;Dd 5fglag u/]/ lbPsf] l/kf]6{ …kxf8 vg]/ d';f lgsfn]Ú h:t} x'g k'UYof] . o;n] t Pdfn]sf], gt ;dfh, /fi6clxn] d'n'sdf cl:y/tfsf] v]tL ug]{ zlQm ljz]if ;lqmo /x]sf] 5 . To;n] ;+j}wflgs lgsfonfO{ cfkm\gf] k|efjdf kf/]/ l:y/tf, zflGt / rogsf ;f/f af6f cj?4 kfg{ vf]lh/x]sf] 5 . Tof] tTj s'g xf] / To;sf] p2]Zo s] 5 eg]/ kQf nufpg ;xh geP klg l9nf] rf8f] kbf{ x6\g] 5 / kbf{ x6]kl5sf] l:ylt s] x'G5 eGg] s'/f sNkgfeGbf aflx/sf] ljifo xf]Og .

nfp8f ljdfg ef8f k|s/0fdf clVtof/sf] lg0f{o ljjfbf:kb dfq xf]Og ;Gb]xfTds klg 5 . 5fglagsf] bf}/fgdf ljb]zLnfO{ ;d]t bf]ifL 7x¥ofpg ;Sg] cfof]un] ljdfg Nofpg dxTjk"0f{ e"ldsf v]Ng] cfO{6L;Lsf lbg]znfn >]i7ndO{ bf]ifd'Qm ul/lbg'n] clVtof/ klg z'enfes} wGbfdf nfu]sf] k|i6 x'G5 . cfkm}+ nfdf] xft ug]{x?n] clgoldttf, e|i6frf/ / clVtof/sf] b'?kof]u ug]{ dfly 5fgljg ug]{ / sf/jfxL rnfpg] x}l;ot u'dfp"5g\ ls u'dfp"b}gg\ < c?sf] lgot ;d]tsf] cWoog, cg';Gwfg ug]{ clVtof/sf cfo'Qmx?n] oL ;jfnsf] hjfkm lbg} k5{ .

d'n'snfO{ cGof}ns} l:yltdf aGbL agfO{ /fVg clVtof/ s} sf/0f an ldn]sf]n] Pdfn] nufotsf cfGbf]ngsf/Lx?nfO{ nfe ldn]sf] eP klg To;n] d'n's, hgtf / k|hftGqsf] sbflk lxt ub}{g . s;}sf] bjfj, wDsL / 8/ qf; jf s;}sf] cfZjf;g / cfzfdf cNem]/ /fhgLlts lg0f{o ug]{ cfof]un] b]z jjf{b u/]sf] 5 . Oltxf;df Pslbg o;sf] klg cjZo g} lx;fj lstfj lgsflng] 5 .

ljsf;sf] pko'Qm 9f“rf / g]kfn

o'j/fh kf08]

clxn];Dd g]kfn clt sd ljsl;t /fi6Lsf] /]vfd'gL /x]sf] cj:yf Psflt/ 5 eg] em08} Tolt g} dflg;x? lg/If/ /x]sf] cj:yf csf{lt/ 5 . u/La /fi6kg]{ cj:yf 5 . hgtfn] lt/]sf] s/af6 p7\g] /sd d'n'ssf] lglDt cfjZos kg]{ s'n vr{sf] /sdsf] t'ngfdf lgs} yf]/} /x]sf] k[i7e"lddf pknAw ;|f]t / ;fwgsf] pkof]u ug]{ s'/fdf lgs} xf]lzof/ x'g'kg]{ cj:yf /x]sf] s'/f klg plQs} :ki6 5 . d'n'ssf] /fi6Psf k|oTgx?af6 ck]lIft ;kmntf jf kl/0ffd k|fKt ePg eg] gof“ tf}/tl/sf jf pkfox?sf] cjnDag ug{ cfjZos x'g] s'/fnfO{ klg c:jLsf/ ug{ ;lsb}g . To;}n], g]kfnn] ljsf; sfo{qmd / cfof]hgfx?sf] 5gf}6 ug]{ tf}/tl/sfsf s] s:tf ljsNkx? 5g\ jf x'g ;S5g\ eGg] ljifodf uDeL/tfk"j{s ljrf/ ug'{kg]{ cj:yf /x]sf] b]lvG5 .

w]/} cfof]hgf / sfo{qmdx?sf] 5gf}6 u/]/ pknAw ;fwg / ;|f]tnfO{ tL ;a}sf] lglDt clncln u/]/ /sdsf] ljlgof]hg ug]{ k4ltnfO{ g} d'n'sn] clxn];Dd a9L dfqfdf cjnDjg ub}{ cfPsf] kfOG5 . o;n] ubf{ Pp6f cfof]hgf ;DkGg ug{sf] lglDt w]/} jif{ nfUg] / cfof]hgfsf] s'n nfut klg a9\b} hfg] cj:yf clxn];Dd /x]sf] b]lvG5 . ljleGg ufp", gu/ If]q / lhNnfx?df ljsf; ah]6sf] s]xL g s]xL– c+z k'Ug'k5{ eGg] lx;fjn] klg ljsf; sfo{qmd / cfof]hgfx?sf] 5gf}6 x'g] u/]sf] kfOG5 . o;n] ubf{ ljlgof]lht ah]6 /sd vr{ eP/ ;ls+bf klg w]/}h;f] sfo{qmd / cfof]hgfx? cw'/} /xg] cj:yf l;lh{Psf] b]lvG5 . /sd vr{ x'g] / cfof]hgf ;DkGg gx'g] cj:yfn] vr{ ePsf] /sdsf] k|ltkmn ;dodf k|fKt x'g g;Sg] cj:yfsf] klg l;h{gf ub{5 . csf{lt/ ;a}nfO{ efu k'¥ofpg] lx;fjn] ;fwg / ;|f]tsf] ljlgof]hg ubf{ /fi6ufl8 k/]sf] If]qsf afl;Gbfx?sf] aLrsf] efjgfTds b'/L klg a9\b} hfg] ;+efjgf /xG5 . Pp6} d'n'ssf ljleGg If]qdf a;f]af; ug]{ dflg;x?sf] aLrsf] efjgfTds b"/Ldf x'g] a[l4n] /fi6lgof]hg / ljsf; cfof]hgfsf] 5gf}6 ug]{ o:tf] k4lt g} ;fwg / ;|f]tsf] kx'"n gePsf g]kfn h:tf d'n'sx?sf] lglDt a9L pkof]uL x'G5 .

;fwg / ;|f]tsf] ;Lldttfsf] sf/0fn] d'n'sn] s]xL cfwf/e"t If]qsf] 5gf}6 u/]/ ltgdf nufgL ug'{k5{ eGg]– b[li6sf]0f sltko ljrf/sx?n] /fv]sf] kfOG5 . h'g If]qx?sf] ljsf;n] c? If]qx?sf] ljsf; u/fp"5 jf ljsf;df ;3fp k'¥ofp"5 tL If]qx?nfO{ ljsf;ljb\x?n] cu'jf If]qx? jf cfwf/e"t If]qx?sf] ?kdf kl/eflift u/]sf] kfOG5 . ;8s, lah'nL / lzIffh:tf ;]jf / ;'ljwfx?nfO{ ljsf;sf k"jf{wf/sf] ?kdf kl/eflift ul/G5 . ljsf;sf k"jf{wf/sf] ?kdf lnOg] o:tf If]qx?nfO{ klg cu'jf If]q jf cfwf/e"t If]qsf] ?kdf lng ;lsg] s'/f :ki6 5 . ljsf;sf k"jf{wf/sf] ?kdf lnOg] ;a} If]qsf] ljsf;sf] lglDt ;fy;fy} jf Ps}k6s nufgL ug{ ;Sg] cj:yf 5}g eg] tLdWo] klg Pp6f jf b'O{6f If]qsf] 5gf}6 u/]/ klxn] tL If]qsf] cj:yfdf ;'wf/ ug]{ k|oTg ug{ h?/L x'G5 . g]kfnh:tf] u/La d'n'ssf] lglDt ljsf;sf] oxL 9f“rf ;jf{lws pko'Qm x'g] s'/f ;lhn}l;t a'em\g ;lsG5 .

;8s oftfoftsf] ;'ljwfn] ljsf;sf c? k"jf{wf/x?sf] ljsf;df ;3fp k'¥ofp"5 eGg] ljZjf; ul/G5 . ;8s oftfoftsf] ;'ljwfn] dflg;sf] jhf/;Ddsf] kx'"rnfO{ ;xh agfP/ dflg;nfO{ pTkfbgzLn sfo{df nfUg pTk|]l/t u5{ eGg] s'/f klg ;lhn}l;t a'em\g ;lsG5 . To;}n], kxf8L e"efu w]/} ePsf g]kfnh:tf d'n'sx?n] ;8s oftfoftsf] ljsf;nfO{ k|fyldstf lbg'k5{ eGg] s'/fdf klg w]/}h;f] ljåfgx? ;xdt /x]sf] kfOG5 . To;}n], df]6/af6f] gk'u]sf If]qx?df df]6/af6f] v'Gg] jf agfpg] sfo{nfO{ ;jf]{Rr k|fyldstf lbP/ ljsf; ah]6sf] ljlgof]hg ug]{ lg0f{o ul/of] eg] g]kfnsf] lglDt Tof] ;jf{lws ;fdlos lg0f{o 7xg{ ;Sb5 .

df]6/ af6f] gk'u]sf ;a} lhNnfx?sf ;b/d'sfd;Dd df]6/ af6f] k'¥ofpg] nIo /fv]sf] b'O{ bzseGbf nfdf] cjlw ljlt;s]sf] eP tfklg xfd|f] d'n'sn] clxn];Dd To:tf] nIo xfl;n ug{ ;s]sf] kfOb}g . b]zsf !$ c~rndWo]sf] Pp6f c~rn– s0ff{nLdf g} clxn];Dd df]6/af6f] k'Ug ;s]sf] kfO{b}g . To;}n] s0ff{nL c~rnnfO{ / To;kl5 df]6/ af6f] gk'u]sf] ;a} lhNnfx?nfO{ df]6/ af6f]sf] dfWodaf6 b]zsf c? eful;t oyfzL3| hf]8\g] nIo agfP/ ;f] cg'?k ljsf; ah]6sf] ljlgof]hg ug]{ sfd clxn] g]kfnsf] lglDt ljsf;sf] Pp6f pko'Qm 9f“rf x'g ;Sb5 / x'g'kb{5 .

dMdM eg]/ ;f]rf}+ ls <

sdnf yfkf

k|hftGq k'g:yf{kgfsf] Ps bzs;Dd klg cEof;s} qmddf /x]sf] xfd|f] k|hftGqleqsf] of] cjlwdf cfO{k'Ubf;Dd slt >[+vnfx? kf/ ug'{k¥of] Tof] xfd|f] ;fd'Gg] 5n{¨ 5 . slt ptf/–r9fj / psfnL cf]/fnLx?nfO{ kf/ ub}{ cufl8 a9\g] qmddf g]tfb]lv sfo{stf{;Dd, sfo{stf{b]lv hgtf;Dd, hgtfb]lv dhb'/;DdnfO{ s] slt sl7gfO{x? k¥of] . b]zsf] ljsf; lgdf{0fdf s] s:tf Jojwfgx? cfO{ k/] o:tf uDeL/ ljifox? cfkm\gf] 7fp"df 5g\ . cj t ;'lw|Psf] l:ylt b]Vg kfO{Pnf eGg] hgtfsf cfsf+Iffx?df s] slt pknlAwx? k|fKt eP xf]nfg\ / tL df]8x?df hgtfsf] hd36 s;/L eof] xf]nf eGg] s'/fsf] cGbfh ug{ eg] hgtf afx]s c?n] sNkgf ug{ ;Sg] ljifo kSs} xf]Og . rf]6 vg]/ rf]6 lbg]x?sf] aLrsf] cGt/ /+ud+luP/ d'n's ;w} cl:y/tfsf] lbzftkm{ pGd'v e}/x]sf] cfef;k|lt eGbf klg cl:y/tf pTkGg u/fpg] cj:yfk|lt g} hgk|ltlglwx?sf] Wofg pGd'v ePsf] b]lvof] .

@)%! ;fnkl5sf] kl/l:yltn] hGdfPsf /fhg}lts ljs[ltx?nfO{ xfnsf] kl/l:yltn] wf]OkvfnL u/]/ ;fkm;'b|f agfpg] 5 eGg] lyof] . rfx] Tof] k|f8f] / kh]/f] ;+:slt xf];\, ljgf la/fdL pkrf/ ug]{ s'/f xf];\, of t ;f+;b v/Lb ljqmLsf sfo{ x'g\ tL ;a} s'/fsf] lgbfg oxL ;+;bn] ug]{5 eGg] cfzf / ljZjf; lnPsf hgtfn] b]vfPsf] b[9tf lyof] M Psdgf ;/sf/ eGg'df clto'lQm gxf]nf . /fhgLltleq df}nfp"b} uPsf] ljs[lt / lj;+ultn] cfh d'n'sdf 7"nf] eofjx l:ylt pTkGg u/fO/x]sf] 5 . /fhgLltdf a9\bf] ck/flws/0fn] d'n'snfO{ s'g df]8df k'¥ofP/ b'3{6gfu|:t u/fpg] xf] Tof] sNkgf ubf{ klg sxfnLnfUbf] cj:yf 5 xfdL ;fd' . t/ klg xfd|f /fhgLlt1x?n] o;nfO{ u+eL/tfk"j{s ;f]r]sf] eg] b]lvb}g . ;w} 3'sL{ / wDsLsf] efiffdf /fhgLltnfO{ cfkm\gf] k|lts"n ax;df Nofpg vf]Hg] JolQmjfbL k|j[lQn] /fi6k|hftGq k'g:yf{kgfkl5sf ;/sf/x?n] w]/} cEof;x? ul/;s]sf 5g\ . Pdfn]sf] cNkdtsf] ;/sf/, sf+u|];sf] cNkdtsf] ;/sf/, km]l/ /fk|kf sf+u|];sf] ldlnh'nL ;/sf/ oL ;a} s'/fsf] cEof;n] xfdLnfO{ s:tf] g}lts lzIff lbof] To;sf] d"Nof+sg s;/L ul/of] eGg] s'/fsf] hjfkm eg] cem} cg'Ql/t cj:yfdf /x]sf] 5 . olb tL s'/fx?n] kf7 l;sfPsf] eP km]l/ cfhsf] l:ylt kSs} bf]xf]l/g] lyPg . g]kfnLx?nfO{ :jR5 / zfGt jftfj/0fdf sfd ug]{ eGbf klg ;w} cl:y/ / xf]xNnf, snx / emu8fdf g} /dfpg] h:tf] ;fljt ug{ vf]lhb}5 ls < gq eg] clxn]sf] ;/sf/ eg]sf] :jR5 / ax'dt k|fKt Psnf}6L ;/sf/ xf] o;df s] sf] sdL /x\of] . lxhf]sf] h:tf] Psnf}6L ;/sf/sf] cefjn] d'n'sdf l:y/tf sfod ug{ ;lsPg eGg] u'gf;f] klg 5}g . To; s'/fnfO{ cufl8 ;f/]/ lhDd]jf/Laf6 klG5g] kl/l:ylt klg 5}g . t/ klg d'n'sdf cl:y/tf pTkGg u/fpg] r]i6f e}/x]5 . Tof] lsg / s] sf nflu < Tof] s'/f g]tfx?n] b"/ufdL eP/ a'em\g cfjZos 5 . a'em]sf klg xf]nfg\, ga'em]sf klg xf]nfg\ of a'em]/ a'em krfPsf] klg x'g ;Snfg\– t/ ca hgtf g} ca'em 5g\ eg]/ g]tfx?n] a'em\g] a]nf klg 5}g .

kb / zlQmsf] nfnrdf k/]/ cfkm\g} ;/sf/ 9nfpg], cfkm\g} Psnf}6L ;/sf/nfO{ cNkdtsf] ;/sf/ ;/x agfpg tD;g] JolQmx?nfO{ g]tfx?n] slt sfvL RofKg] . b'O{ rf/hgf ;f+;bx?sf] wfs / wDsLnfO{ 7"nf] ;Demg] ls < lxhf] r'gfjsf a]nf hgtfnfO{ lbPsf jrg / c7f]6k|ltsf] k|lta4tfnfO{ x]g]{ < s';L{sf nflu ;w} c/fhstf / cl:y/tf Nofpg vf]Hg]x?nfO{ a]n}df tx gnufpg] xf] eg] km]l/ hgtfnfO{ csf]{ jrg lbg] df}sf ;w} cfO/xg]5 eGg] s'/f lbjf:jKg hlts} gxf]nf eGg ;lsGg\ . b]zdf czflGt c/fhstf, ck/fwLs/0f lx+;f, e|i6frf/, dx+uL a9]sf] a9\o} 5 . To;k|lt hgk|ltlglwx?sf] Wofg uPsf] vf]O < ;w} ;f+;b ;'ljwf, ;f+;b eQf a9fpg k5{ eGg] d} ;+;b 6'+luPsf] 5 . b]zdf ls;fg nufot ;j{;fwf/0f dhb'/x?n] af“Rg] l:ylt 5}g . zflGt ;'/Iffsf] l:ylt gfh's x'"b} hf“b}5 . dfcf]jfbLsf gfddf /fhgLlts :jfy{ xfjL ePsf] cfefif b]lv/x]sf] 5 / klg ;/sf/ ;w} ;f+;b v'zL agfpg] / pgLx?s} s';L{ l5gfemD6Ld} ql;t x'g] l:yltn] hgtfsf] ;d:ofk|lt pQ/bfoL x'g'eGbf pgLx?sf] 3'sL{ / wDsLn] q:t 5 . kf6L{df l6s6 lngdf wDsL, l6s6 lbgdf wDsL, ;/sf/df hfgdf wDsL, eg]h:tf] dGqfno kfpgsf nflu wDsL, eg] ;/sf/ s] ;w}+ o:t} JolQmx?sf] k"hfsf nflu km"ndfnf lnP/ :jfut ug{ dfq} Jo:t x'g] t <

k|hftGqsf kIfw/x? tyf k|hftGqsf] k'gj{xfnLsf nflu ;Dk"0f{ hLjg bfpdf nufpg]x?n] g} ;f]Rg] a]nf xf] of] . rf]6 vfg]nfO{ g} b'v]sf] dx;'; x'G5 . k|hftGqk|lt ;w}+ jqmb[li6 /fVg]x?af6 JoQm ul/Psf s'/fx?df eGbf k|hftGqjfbLx?s} cfkm\gf] ;f]rfO{ / sfo{s'zntfdf ;'wf/ cfpg'k5{ . pHofnf] ePkl5 cGwsf/sf] cl:tTj /xGg\ . t/ c?n] eGg' / cfkm"n] ug'{ klg ToxL eof] eg] bf]if lbP/ dfq 5'6sf/f kfO{Gg c?nfO{ ;'wfg{] xf] eg] klxnf cfkm}+ ;'lw|g' k5{ .

pRr cf]xf]bfdf /xg] JolQm eg]sf ;fj{hlgs hLjgz}nL leq kg]{ s'/f xf] . To:tf JolQmx? pk/ ;Dk"0f{ ;dfhsf] b[li6 k/]sf] x'G5 . To:tf JolQmTjx?sf] af]nLrfnL, /xg;xg cem} klx/gdf ;d]t ;dfhn] lgu/fgL /fv]sf] x'g] ePsf]n] x/]s s'/fdf ;f]r ;dembf/Laf6 g} sbd p7fp"bf cfkm" / ;dfh b'j} nfeflGjt x'g ;S5g\ . ljrf/ gk'¥ofO{ ul/Psf] Jojxf/ / af]lnn]] cfkm}+nfO{ k|ltk|Zg bf]xf]¥ofp"5 . Pshgf afa'nfO{ cfkm\gf] 5f]/fsf] sfd ug]{ z}nLaf6 lbSs eP5 . ;w} afa'n] eg]sf] klg g6]g]{, cfkm"n] klg 9+u k'¥ofP/ gug]{, afa'nfO{ 5f]/fsf] rfn 9fnn] lgs} b'lMvt agfPsf] a]nf p;n] 5f]/fnfO{ ufnL ub}{ eg]5 …s:tf] d'v{ uwfsf] aRrf /x]5Ú 5f]/fn] plQg} v]/ afa'nfO{ ;f]Wof] a'af d tkfO{+s} 5f]/f xf]Og / < afa' rflx+ x"===eGb} ghjfkm eP5 . o:tf af]lnrfnL / Jojxf/x? obfsbf xfdLn] k|of]udf cfPsf kfO/xG5f}+ . ;Gbe{ / cfjfhsf] ;lDd>0f gldNbf ePsf efjfy{x?n] xfd|f] /fhgLlt k|efljt alg/x]5 . cf–cfkm\gf] efiff, af]nL / Jojxf/sf k|of]u u/fO{nfO{ …dMdMÚ eg]/ ;f]Rg] a]nf xf] ls h:tf] nfU5 <