g]kfnL /fhgLltdf nfu]sf cgf}7f /f]ux¿

df]bgfy k|l>t

g]kfnsf] k|hftflGqs cfGbf]nglt/ kms]{/ x]bf{ ax'rlr{t 7'N7'nf cg]sf}+ g]tfx?, ltgLx?n] rnfPsf cg]sf}+ cfGbf]ng / ;+3if{x?, ltgLx?n] kfPsf cgluGtL b'Mv–si6, oftgf, h]n–g]n, e"ldut / lgjf{l;t k|jf;L hLjg cflbsf] nfdf] >[+vnf b]Vg ;lsG5 . 6+sk|;fb, /fdxl/, dft[sf, l8NnL/d0f, aL=kL=, k'iknfn, dgdf]xg, ;'j0f{, s[i0fk|;fb, t'N;Lnfn, lul/hf, df]xgljqmd, lgd{n nfdf cflb x'"b} gof“ k':tfsf y'k|} gfd lng ;lsG5 . ;dfhjfb / ;fDojfbsf hlt nfdf nIo /fv] klg / k|hftGq / hgjfb ægof“Æ / æk'/fgf]Æ h'g;'s} zAb k|of]u u/] klg lj=;+= !(** b]lv xfn;Ddsf ;a} cfGbf]ng / ;+3if{x? k|hftflGqs nIo k|flKtsf] lglDt x'"b} cfPsf 5g\ .

g]tfsf] sfd ax'rlr{t x'g', 7'N7'nf kbdf k'Ug', /fi6g]tfsf] k|d'v sfd /fi6f lrgf/L x'g\ . t/ b'Mvsf ;fy eGg'k5{,, 7'N7'nf g]tfx?n] ToxL lgs[i6 /f]u cfkm"df x'sf{pg / c?df ;Nsfpg'df g} cfkm\gf] clwsf+z pmhf{ vr{ ug]{ u/]sf 5g\ .

k|hf kl/ifb\sf g]tfx?df kbsf] lglDt tfgftfg Tolt dfqfdf b]lvPg, leqL ?kdf s] lyof] eGg ;lsGg . To;kl5 ;efklt kbsf] nflu aL=kL= / l8NnL/d0fsf] tfgftfgn] z'?d} sf+u|]; 6'lqmof] . To;} emu8faf6 jfSs eP/ k'iknfnn] sf+u|]; kf6L{ g} 5f]8L sDo'lgi6 kf6L{sf] :yfkgf u/] . @))& sf] cfGbf]ngkl5 kb / ;Qfs} ;Gbe{df dft[sf / aL=kL=sf] aLrdf csf]{ åGå dlRrof] / dft[sfn] 5'§} u'6 agfP . @))^ ;fndf sDo'lgi6 kf6L{sf] :yfkgf ug]{ k'iknfnnfO{ klxnf] dxflwj]zgd} dxfdGqLaf6 kG5fO{ csf{y/Ln] Toxf“ dgdf]xgnfO{ pEofP . clg dgdf]xgaf6 /fodfemL, /fodfemLaf6 t'N;Lnfn . o;/L g} kbLo tfgftfgL rNb}/x\of] / kb xTofpg u'6 agfpg] dxf/f]u kf6L{x?df 3':b} uof] .

an / 5naf6 c?nfO{ kG5fO{ ;Qfsf] w'/Ldf cfkm" r9\g] / cfkm\gf] ;QfnfO{ kfl/jfl/s jf j+zut clwsf/sf] ljifo agfpg] rng dWosfnLg ;fdGtjfbsf] xf] . c?sf] kb / e"efu vf];]/ cfkm" 7"nf] /fhf aGg] v]n ljZjn] nfvf}+sf] ;+Vofdf / g]kfnn] xhf/f}+sf] ;+Vofdf b]lv;s]sf] 5 .

To;} k|j[lQ / Oltxf;sf] lj?4 xf] k|hftGq / ;dfhjfbsf] cleofg . t/ :jod\ cleoGtfx? g} /fhtGq / ;fdGtjfbL ;+:sf/ut /f]usf] kl/lwaf6 aflx/ lg:sg ;s]gg\ . ;fdGtjfb cx+sf/ xf], ÚdÚ xf] eg] k|hftGq / ;dfhjfb ÚxfdLÚ xf] . t/ lj8Dagfsf] s'/f, /fhfsf ;Daf]wgx?df k|foM ÚxfdLÚ zAb cleJoQm x'G5, aL=kL=/ lul/hfsf jf0Ldf hxf“ klg ÚxfdLÚ x}g ÚdÚ pn]{sf]] cg'ej 5 g]kfnLnfO{ .

aL=kL=df lgxLt ToxL PSnf] cx+ lyof] h;n] @))& sf] ;Lldt pknlAwnfO{ la:tfl/t x'g] af6fdf Jojwfg pEofof] . Jojwfg aGg'kg]{ lyof] ;fdGtjfb / lg/+s'z k|j[lQ lj?4 t/ pN6} aGof] ;+ljwfg;ef / hgtfsf] zlQm alnof] agfpg] s'/fsf] lj?4 . kmn:j?k lg/+s'z ;fdGtjfb / hgtfsf] åGå tLj| aGg ;s]g . tLj| aGb} uof] aL=kL= / dx]Gb|sf] Úcx+Úsf] åGå, h'"ufsf] n8fO{ / cfkm\gf] clwsf/ / ;Qfk|lt Úk'/fgfÚ/fhf hlt zts{ / hfu?s aGb} uP gof“ g]tfn] To; zts{tfsf] e]p;Dd kfPgg\ .

cfkm\gf] kb / ;Qfk|lt sd rf;f] /fVg] / hg clwsf/ / zlQmsf] k|lti7f a9fpg rfxg] b"/blz{tf lyof] k'iknfndf . pgn] /fhfsf h'"3fsf] tfpn] kfg]{ Oltxf;sf] vf8naf/] @)!& / @)## df b'j} k6s zts{ kfg{ vf]h] jL=kL=nfO{ . æsf+u|]; sDo'lgi6 ldn]/ ;+;bnfO{ arfpmÆ eGg] @)!& ;fnsf] cfx\jfg / æ;+o'Qm hgcfGbf]ngaf6 lg/+s'[z k~rfotL Joj:yf kmfnf}+Æ eGg] @)@% kl5sf k'iknfnsf cfu|xx?nfO{ æsDo'lgi6 if8\oGqÆ eGg] JofVof u/]/ k"/} pk]Iff u/] aL=kL=n] . To;} k"jf{u|xsf] ;+sL0f{ cx+n] ubf{ cfkm\g} hLjgdf ax'bn kms]{sf] b]Vg kfPgg\ pgn] .

ltg} jL=kL=dxfdfgj eg]/ kl/eflift 5g\ sf+u|];L Jofs/0fdf . æ/fhgLlt ug{ g;Sg] xjNbf/Æ eg]/ aL=kL=åf/f d"Nof+lst lul/hf ;+o'Qm hgcfGbf]ngnfO{ eGbf k~rfotnfO{ lgs6 7fGy] . ltg} x'g\ @)$& kl5sf] b]zsf] ;aeGbf cUnf] s';L{sf / g]kfnL sf+u|];sf zlQmzfnL gfos jf vngfos . nf}x k'?if eg]/ lrlgg], @)$^ sf] ;+o'Qm hgcfGbf]ngsf zLif{:y g]tfnfO{ k+u' agfP/ nv]6\g ;Sg] / s[i0fk|;fbnfO{ 3grqmdf kfg{ ;Sg] 7"nf] k'?iffy{ b]vfP lul/hfn] . kf6L{ / ;/sf/sf b'a} pRr kb, sf]O/fnf kl/jf/sf] cg'j+lzs x}sd / h'g;'s} pkfoaf6 xf];\ clwstd\ k};f oxL tLg ;"qLo cleofg ag]sf] 5 lul/hfsf] cfbz{ . olt ePkl5 sf+u|]; / k|hftGq kof{ojfrL zAb aGg ;S5g\ < o;} dxf/f]usf] kl/0ffd emNemnL b]lv/x]sf 5g\ clxn] g]kfnL hgtfn] .

sDo'lgi6 If]qdf 5g\ gf6ssf emg\ cb\e"t b[Zox? . ljZjsf >dhLjL hgtfsf] Pstfsf gf/f nfP/ gyfSg] / JolQmjfbsf] lj?4 ;dfhjfbsf] tf/f tfSg]x?df hlt km'6, u'6 / JolQmjfbsf] r/dr'nL b]lvof] / b]lvb}5 To;sf] pkdf ljZj a|Dxf08df e]6fpg d'l:sn 5 . sDo'lgi6 g]tf elgg vf]Hg]x?df Ps;]Ps a|fx\d0f, Ps;] Ps afO;] rf}jL;] /fhf / clåtLo d7fwLz dxGtx?sf cx+ r'lnPsf 5g\ . æPdfn] km'6fpg d}n] jfdb]jnfO{ b'O{ s/f]8 ?k}of“ lbPsf] x'"Æ eGg] v'daxfb'/ v8\sfsf] egfO{ ;a} g]kfnLn] ;'g]s} x'g\ .

ufGwL / g]x?, dfcf] / rfpPgnfO{, g]Nzg d08]nf / yfcf]PDa]sL ldn]/ sfd ug{ ;S5g\ . klxnf] jf bf];|f] :yfg jf kbsf] cx+sf/ glnO{ Ps–csf{nfO{ k"0f{ ;Ddfg u/L hLjge/ ldn]/ b]z / hgtfnfO{ dfly p7fp“5g\ . lrgL sDo'lgi6 kf6L{sf] uf}/jzfnL cWoIf aGg] k|:tfjnfO{ c:jLsf/ u/]/ b]ªlzdfcf]lkmªn] rLgnfO{ s;/L ;DkGg / zlQmzfnL agfpg] eGg] gLlt / of]hgf cl3 ;fg'{nfO{ ;jf{lws dxTjsf] s'/f 7fg] . @)$^ sf] ;+o'Qm hgcfGbf]ngkl5sf] k|wfgdGqL aGg] k|:tfjnfO{ s[i0fk|;fb lt/ kG5fP/ u0f]zdfgn] cfkm" k|hftGqsf] k|x/L -jfr 8u_ aGg] OR5f JoQm u/] . b]ª\ cfh rLgdf slt ;Ddflgt 5g\ t/ sf+u|];L ;+:s[ltn] dg]{ a]nfsf u0f]zdfgnfO{ 3/sf] g 3f6sf] agfof] .

g]kfnsf] sDo'lgi6 cfGbf]ngsf sltko g]tfx? Pp6f kb kfpgsf] lglDt dl/xQ] ul//x]sf 5g\ / dxf;lrj jf cWoIf eGg] 3f“8f] le/]/ lx+8\gsfnfO{ kf6L{nfO{ bz 6'qmfdf kmf]g{ klg slQ lxlRsrfpGg\ . g]kfndf PsLs[t sDo'lgi6 cfGbf]ng olt cl3 a9\bf klg df]xgljqmd, /f]lxt / nLnfdl0fx?nfO{ e'/], 6fs'/] /fhf ag]/ a:g d} uf}/j nfu]sf] 5 . @)%^ df Pdfn] ;/sf/ aGg] ;'lglZrt h:t} ePsf] a]nf sf+u|];
-v'daxfb'/_ / t:s/sf] k};f vfP/ Pdfn] kmf]g{ jfdb]j, ;L=kL= / ;xfgfnfO{ uf}/j nfUof] . /f“rL nu]/ klg 7Ls gx'g] s:tf] dfgl;s /f]u . ;a} sDo'lgi6 ldn]/ lgjf{rgsf] dxf hgkyaf6 ;lhn} sDo'lgi6 ;/sf/ agfP/ cl3 a9\g'eGbf h+un k;]/ w]/} hgfsf] /ut aufO{ To;} /utn] Úk|r08kyÚ sf]g{ Psy/LnfO{ nx8 rn]sf] 5 .

@)$* kl5 olb ;xL b[li6sf]0f, of]hgf / sfo{qmd ;lxt cl3 a9]sf eP b]zsf] ljsf; lglDt lul/hfsf] cufl8 :jl0f{d cj;/ plePsf] lyof] . t/ pgnfO{ a'l4dfg\ g]tf eGbf d'v{ xjNbf/ aGg' g} uf}/j nfUof] . 6gsk'/, wldhf, af“;af/L, e[s'6L x'"b} nfp8f;Dd cfOk'Ubf pgn] cfkm\gf] / sf+u|];sf] k|lti7fnfO{ w]/} tn emf/] .

g]kfnL /fhgLltdf P8\; / SofG;/eGbf vt/gfs /f]u leœofpg] o:t} vfnsf g]tfx?n] b]znfO{ cfkm\gf] hLjg ck{g] zxLbsf ;kgfnfO{ klg ls+st{Joljd"9 agfOlbPsf 5g\ . ;of}+ g]tf / xhf/f}+ sfo{stf{x?sf] sl7g tk:of dfly gflr/x]sf] 5 ltgLx?sf] nf]e, :jfy{, If'b|tf / ;+sL0f{tf . P8\; / SofG;/h:tf /f]un] t JolQmnfO{ dfq} df5{g\ t/ /fhgLltdf g]tfx?n] leœofPsf dxf/f]ux?n] l;+u} b]z / hgtfsf] hLjgnfO{ tx;–gx; k5{g\ .

t/ crDd 5 Psy/L cGwfx?sf] x'n ltg} /fhgLlts dxf/f]usf ;+jfxsx?sf] hosf/ ub}{ kl5kl5 lx+8\g uf}/jsf] cg'ej ub}{5 . ca oL ;Dk"0f{ /f]ux?sf] lj?4 ;xL g]t[Tjsf] ljsf; / gof“ qmflGt ;dosf] dfu ag]sf] 5 .

/fk|kfsf] ;}4flGts / Jofjxfl/s ljrng

adl;+x /f0ffef6

d'n'ssf] t];|f] 7"nf] /fli6xtsf nflu klg k|efjsf/L 9+ufdf s'g} klg ;sf/fTds Pjd\ pT;fxhgs k|efj 5f]8\g ;s]g . cfd g]kfnL hgtf / To; kf6L{sf] al/i7 g]tf Pjd\ sfo{stf{;d]t /fk|kfsf] lqmofsnfkaf6 cToGt} xtf]T;flxt / lg/fz ag]sf] tYonfO{ ljutsf] cfdlgjf{rg @)%^ sf] kl/0ffdn] klg /fd|/L g} k'i6L ul/lbof] . al/i7 g]tfx?sf] qmlds bn Tofusf] l:yltn] klg Tof] s'/fnfO{ yk an k|bfg u/]sf] 5 . ut cfdlgjf{rgdf !( ;+;bLo l;6af6 x\jfQ} !! df emg'{n] klg /fk|kf emg\ ;+s6u:t ag]sf] k|dfl0ft x'G5 .

oltv]/ :jod\ /fk|kfn] cToGt} u+eL/tf;fy lrGtg / dgg ug{ g;s]sf] kIf s] xf] eg] jt{dfg ;+;bdf k|ltlglwTj ul//x]sf ;ftj6f bnx?dWo] ax'bnLo ;+;bLo k|hftGqnfO{ cfkm\gf b:tfj]hx?df lnlvt k|ltj4tf hgfpg c:jLsf/ ug]{ jfdkGyL sDo'lgi6 zlQmx? Pdfn], /fli6{lrt k|wfgdGqLsf] /fhLgfdf dfu ub}{ cfO/x]sf] k|i6 b]lvb}5 . ;+;bdf k|ltlglwTj ug]{ /fli6/fk|kfsf g]tfx?sf] cl:y/ lqmofsnfk, af]nL, jrg / Jojxf/n] ubf{ Tof] kf6L{ lbgk|ltlbg ljjfbu|:t aGb} uO/x]sf]tkm{ xhf/f}+ ;dlk{t Odfgbf/ sfo{stf{x?sf] Wofg a]n}df k'Ug ;s]g eg] eljiodf /fk|kfsf] clxn]sf] :yfg !! :yfgaf6 ! emg{ a]/ 5}g . ;+s]tx?n] ToxL b]vfO/x]sf 5g\ . /fk|kfn] u/]sf] lj/f]w s'g k|sf/sf] xf] < c?sf] nx}nx}df nfu]/ /fk|kfn] k|wfgdGqL sf]O/fnfsf] /fhLgfdfsf] dfu ul//x]sf] 5 . of] dfu klg nfp8f Po/ k|s/0fdf dfq} ;Lldt b]lvG5 . /fk|kfsf] of] ;}4flGts lj/f]w xf] < jf k|wfgdGqL sf]O/fnf lj?4sf] JolQmut lj/f]w dfq} < l;+uf] sf+u|];sf] l;4fGt gLlt, /0fgLlt, lqmofsnfk / e|i6frf/sf lj?4df of] /fk|kfsf] lj/f]w s]lGb|t x'g'kb{Yof] . t/ b'ef{Uoj; k|wfgdGqL sf]O/fnfsf] dfq} /fhLgfdf dfu u/]/ d'n'sdf /fhgLlts cl:y/tfsf] ljhf/f]k0f ug{ vf]h]sf] k|i6 g} b]lvG5 . ef]ln uP/ k|wfgdGqL sf]O/fnf k|wfgdGqLsf] kbaf6 lj:yflkt x'g'eof] eg] klg sf+u|];sf] 3f]if0ffkq, gLlt / /0fgLltdf s'g} kl/jt{g cfpg]jfnf 5}g . sf+u|];s} csf]{ s'g} g]tf k|wfgdGqL aGg] lglZrt g} 5 . olb Pdfn] / /fk|kfsf] ljrf/df k|wfgdGqL sf]O/fnfnfO{ ckb:y u/]kl5 sf+u|]; ljeflht aGg]5 eGg] ;kgfn] 7fp“ cf]u6]sf] 5 eg] /j/h:tf] tlGsP/ cfkm\g} 7fp“df cfpg] sf+u|];sf] %) jif]{ Oltxf;nfO{ u+eL/tfk"j{s cWoog g} ug{ g;s]sf] 7xl/g]5 . To:t} sf+u|];s} csf]{ s'g} g]tf k|wfgdGqL ePdf lqz+s' a]nfsf] h:t} ;j{bnLo ;/sf/df k'u]/ ;Qf;'v ef]u ug{ kfOg] 5 eGg] ;f]rfOn] klg h/f] uf8]s} xf] eg] :jod\ Pdfn]n] cGo ;fgfltgf k|ltkIfLnfO{ 3f]8fn] nfQfn] xfg] em}+ xfg]/ kfvf nufOlbg] klg lglZrt} 5 . Pdfn]sf] /0fgLlt / k/Dk/f To:t} /x"b} cfPsf]nfO{ ga'em\g] sf] kf] xf]nf / < e|i6frf/sf] lj?4df ;f“Rr}g} OdfGbf/Lk"j{s 5fglag / ljZn]if0f ug]{ xf] eg] ljt]sf bzjif{leq eP, ul/Psf e|i6frf/sf] 5fglag ug{lt/ /fk|kf nfUg'k5{ . t/ /fk|kf Tof] lbzftkm{ nfUg] 5f“6sf“6 5}g . /fk|kfsf cg'ejL / vfl/Psf g]tfx?nfO{ nx/f] tfGg vf]Hbf kx/f] klg uh{g ;S5 eGg] s'/f klg /fd|/L g} yfxf 5 . /fk|kf ;+j}wflgs /fhtGq / k|hftGqsf] af6f]tkm{ lg/Gt/ cu|;/ x'g] xf] eg] hyfefjL ljjfbf:kb sfd ub}{ lx+8\g' x'"b}g .

/fk|kfsf s]xL al/i7 g]tfx?n] g} d'n'ssf] jt{dfg /fhgLlts kl/l:yltdf /fhfsf] ;xeflutf / k|ToIf ;+nUgtf klg /xg' kg]{ ljrf/ JoQm ug{ yfln;s]sf 5g\ . t/ pgLx?n] s:tf] lsl;daf6 /fhfsf] ;+nUgtf x'g'kg]{ xf] eGg]af/] lj:t[t ;f]r aflx/ NofO/x]sf 5}gg\ . clxn] ljZjdf s]jn bz, afx| d'n'sx?df dfq} /fhtGq /x]sf] 5 . h;n] h] eg] klg /fhtGqnfO{ Pp6f ;fdGtL cjz]ifsf] ?kdf ljZjel/g} lnOg] ul/G5 . t;y{ /fhtGqn] ;+j}wflgs /x]/} a:g] k|of; ubf{ j]z xf]nf . g]kfnsf] /fhtGqk|lt dfof, ddtf / ;b\efj /fVg] Pjd\ o;sf] bL3fo'{sf] rfxgf /fVg] of] d'n'sdf hlt 5g\ ltgn] /fhfnfO{ pS;fP/ /fhgLlts clwsf/ xftdf lng slxNo} klg ;Nnfx lbg] 5}gg\ . ;+j}wflgs /fhfsf] sfd eg]sf] ;Nnfx lbg], ;'emfj lbg] / ;r]t kfg]{;Dd dfq} xf] . /fhgLlts clwsf/sf] k|of]u t hglgjf{lrt ;/sf/n] dfq} ug]{ xf] . ToxL sf/0fn] ubf{ @)$^ ;fndf of] d'n'sdf k|hftGqsf] :yfkgf ePsf] xf] . ljt]sf bz jif{ leq b]lvPsf tdfd ljs[lt, lj;+ult / sxfnLnfUbf] e|i6frf/s} sf/0f d'n's c:tJo:t ag]sf] s'/f ;a}sf nflu Pp6f ljemfpg] ;To xf] . ax'bnLo k|hftGqdf d'n's xf“Sg xfdL sf]xL klg nfos 5}gf}+ jf ePgf}+ To;sf/0fn] /fhf cl3 a9]/ d'n's ;DxfNg' k¥of] eGg] cfzo /fk|kfsf] xf] eg] cj Tof] kf6L{nfO{ hgtfn] lsg ef]6 lbg] < s] d'n'sdf /fk|kfsf] :yfkgf cGttf]uTjf ;+j}wflgs /lxjS;]sf /fhfnfO{ /fhgLltdf ;xefuL u/fpg] gfddf /fhgLlts clwsf/ lbnfpgs} lglDt ePsf] xf] < lgZro klg s] s'/f ;To xf] eg] #) aif{;Dd k+rfotsfndf Ps5q zf;g ug]{ s]xL al/i7 k~rx? plxNo} sf+u|];df cfj4 lyP . k~rfotsfndf ltg}nfO{ /fhfn] g]tf agfOlbP . cfh ltg} g]tfx? /fk|kfdf g]tf aGg k'u]sf 5g\ . cfh ;+of]usf] s'/f ePsf] 5 ls ltg} g]tfx? /fhf cl3 cfpg' k5{ eGb}5g\ . ljt]sf bz aif{df sf+u|];, Pdfn], /fk|kf, dfn], ;b\efjgf cflb ;a}h;f]n] s'g} g s'g} ?kdf ;/sf/df k'Ug] df}sf kfP . /fk|kfsf cWoIf yfkf t sf+u|];h:tf] 7"nf] kf6L{nfO{ ;fydf lnP/ d'n'ss} k|wfgdGqL aGg'eof] . To;}u/L /fk|kfs} g]tf nf]s]Gb|axfb'/ rGb klg Pdfn]nfO{ ;fydf lnP/ s]xL ;do d'n'ssf] k|wfgdGqL aGg'eof] . hgcfGbf]ngsf/L zlQmx?sf] csd{Jotf, c;kmntf / u}/lhDd]jf/Lkgsf sf/0f /fk|kfnfO{ ck'tfnL kfbf{ klg vf]O{ t /fk|kfn] b]z, hgtf / k|hftGqsf] kIfdf sfd u/]sf] < #@ dlxgf;Ddsf] ;do;Dd /fk|kf ;Qfdf /x"bf klg b]zdf pTkGg ljs[lt, lj;+ult / e|i6frf/sf] pGd"ng ug]{ lbzfdf s]xL sfdx? t ug{ ;SYof] < c?n] t vfP xfdLdfq} s] sd eGg] lbzftkm{ /fk|kf g/fd|/L df]l8g uof] . To;a]nf /fk|kfn] cfkm\gf] cfbz{, l;4fGt, bz{g, gLlt, sfo{qmd, 3f]if0ffkq ;a}nfO{ ltnf~hnL g} lbof] . clxn] klg /fk|kfsf] ultljlw hgefjgf / sfo{stf{ cg's"n k6Ss} 5}g .

elgG5, af3n] Psk6s dfG5]sf] /utsf] :jfb kfof] eg] ;w}+ dfG5] g} vf]h]/ lx+8\5 . To:t} /fk|kfsf g]tfx?n] klg lqz+s' ;+;bsf] :jfb ljutdf /fd|/L g} cg'ej u/]sf sf/0f clxn] klg pgLx? ToxL cj:yfsf] vf]hLdf 5g\ . hglgjf{lrt ax'dtsf] ;/sf/nfO{ cg]s lsl;dsf] gfsfjGbL l;h{gf u/]/ ljNs'n} cj}wflgs 9+udf 9fNg] / To;kl5 pTkGg x'g] wldnf] kfgLdf df5f df/]/ cfkm\gf] b'gf] eg]{ /fk|kfsf] eljio oxL sf/0fn] klg cGwsf/do af6f]tkm{ pGd'v x'"b}5 . clxn] vf6L k~r 7flgg] /fk|kfsf hf]ud]x/nfO{ sDo'lgi6x?n] cfkm\gf] ;8s cfGbf]ngsf] g]tf agfPsf] b]Vbf crDd nfUb5 . slxn] sf+u|];nfO{, slxn] Pdfn]nfO{ t slxn] sDo'lgi6x?nfO{ dfq} sfvL Rofk]/ lx+8\g] / To:t} lqmofsnfkdf /dfpg] /fk|kfsf] gLlt s:tf] xf] < /fk|kfsf] cfkm\g} df}lns cfwf/ / gLlt s] xf] < s]xL klg a'em\g} g;lsg] eO/x]sf] 5 . o:t} cGof}nu|:t / ga'lemg] sfd s'/fx? eP/} g xf]nf ut cfdlgjf{rgdf g]kfnL hgtfn] /fk|kfnfO{ ef]6 g} lbPgg\ . t;y{ ljt]sf bz aif{df hf] hf] ;/sf/df k'u] tL ;a}n] s'g} g s'g} ?kdf e|i6frf/ u/]s} sf/0f ;a}n] u/]sf] e|i6frf/sf] 5fglag u/]/ hg;dIf Nofpg' k5{ .

/fk|kfsf al/i7 g]tfx? cg'zf;gxLg klg TolQs} 5g\ . al/i7 g]tf sxlng' ePsf ljZjjGw' yfkfn] Pp6f kflIfs klqsfdf Ú7"nf] kl/jf/sf] sfG5f] 5f]/f]ÚzLif{sdf 5kfpg' ePsf] n]v k9\bf pxf“nfO{ /fk|kfsf] g]tf eGg ;lsg] cj:y} 5}g . yfkfn] @)#& ;fndf ;fGbfh'sf] OR5fg';f/ d g]kfnL sf+u|];df k|j]z u/]+ klg eGg'ePsf] 5 . o;/L yfkfn] cfkm\gf] sf+u|];L z/L/nfO{ /fk|kfsf] bf}/f, ;'?jfn, 6f]kL / sfnf] h'Qfn] 5f]Kg' ePsf] k|i6 g} 5 . clg ePg t lj8Djgf / To;}u/L, /fk|kfaf6} /fli6'g] lx+;f, xTof, e|i6frf/sf ;Dk"0f{ lhDd]jf/L klg /fhfs} sf“wdf cfOkg]{ s'/fdf s'g} z+sf 5}g . t;y{ s;}sf p/G7]pnf ts{sf kl5 nfu]/ /fhf ;lqmo x'g] cj:yf d'n'sdf 5}g . lsgeg] d'n'sdf /fhtGqsf] cfo' nfdf] xf];\ eg]/} of] l6Kk0fLsf] cfjZostf k/]sf] xf] .

ev{/} ;bgleq ePsf] s'6fs'6df /fk|kfsf ;f+;b a'l4dfg tfdfªn] cfkm\g} cf“vfn] Pdfn]sf ;f+;b /fh]Gb| kf08]n] dGqL cf]dsf/ >]i7nfO{ xft xfn]sf] b]v]sf] eg]sf] ef]lnkN6} b]v]s} 5}g egL /f;;nfO{ Ifdfofrgf ug{ nufOof] . tTsfnLg b]pjfsf] ;/sf/sf] kfnfdf lgtfGt cg}lts z}nLdf a}+ss hfg] % hgf /fk|kfsf e|i6 ;f+;bx?dWo] lgh tfdfª klg Ps lyP . cj logsf] 9f“6 s'/f hgtfn] hj/h:tL kTofOlbg' kg]{ ePsf] 5 . /fhgLltdf x'g] u/]sf] kmf]xf]/L v]nsf] of] Pp6f k/sfi7f g} ;fljt ePsf] 5 .

dlxnf–clwsf/sf cy{–;Gbe{sf] vf]h

efg'eQm kf]v/]n

g]kfnL gf/Lx?n] klg k'?if;/x kfl/jfl/s, z}lIfs, Jofjxfl/s, cfly{s, ;fdflhs / cfWoflTds jf dfgl;s clwsf/ kfpg'k5{ eGg] s'/fdf s;}sf] b'O{ dt x'g ;Qm}g . zf/Ll/s ?kn] jf k|fs[lts k|fjwfgn] gf/Lx?sf sltko kIfdf sdL, sdhf]/L /x]sf] b]Vg]–7fGg] jf dfGg] k'?ifx?n] ltgsf tL sdhf]/L x}gg\, ljz]iftf x'g\ eGg] a'em\g'k5{, cyf{t\ gf/Lx?sf h'g–h'g kIfnfO{ xfdL sdhf]/L 7flg/x]sf 5f}+ gf/Lx?sf] zf/Ll/s ?k / gf/L ;'ne ljz]iftfsf :g]xdo 5xf/Ldf g} dfgj–;dfh x'ls{/x]sf] 5 . k'?ifx?sf an axfb'/L / cfqmfds k|j[lQ dfq} ljz]iftf x}gg\ gf/Lx?sf :g]x–;f}hGo / bof–bflIf0ox? klg ljz]iftf g} x'g\ o;af6 gf/L / k'?if b'j}df ;dfg ?kn] cf–cfkm\gf sdhf]/L / ljz]iftfx? /x]sf x'G5g\ eGg] :ki6 x'G5 . To;}n] gf/Lx?nfO{ sdhf]/ 7fg]/ ltgnfO{ ;dfg clwsf/ lb+bf To;sf] b'?kof]u x'G5 eGg] 7fGg' unt wf/0ff xf] . ct Pj To:tf jf o:tf unt wf/0ffnfO{ x6fO{ gf/L–clwsf/ lbnfpg g/ ju{ jf k'?if hfltx?n] ;jf{Tdgf ;xof]u ug'{k5{ .

g]kfndf klg k|hftGqsf] k'ga{xfnLkl5 g]kfnL gf/Lx? 5f]/LnfO{ c+z lbnfpg] jf afa'–cfdfsf] C0f–wg Joxf]g]{ sfg"gL clwsf/ 5f]/Ln] klg kfpg'k5{ eGg] h'g dfu /fVt} cfO/x]sf 5g\ To;sf] jf:tljs cy{ klg pgLx?åf/f Úgf/L–clwsf/Ú jf Údlxnf clwsf/Ú ;DaGwL sfg"g agfpg s'g} s~h';L ug'{kg]{ b]lv+b}g a? pbf/tf g} /fVg' kg]{ b]lvG5 . :d/0f/xf];\ Ú5f]/LnfO{ afa'sf] C0f–wg c+z lbg] sfg"g agfpg'eGbf p;nfO{ 5f]/f ;/x e/0f kf]if0f u/L lzIff lbnfpg afWo u/fpg] sfg"g agfpg'k5{ / a'xf/LnfO{ klg 5f]/f / p;sf] klt;/x clwsf/ lbnfpg afWo ug]{ sfg"g agfpg'k5{Ú eGg] af/]df d w]/} cl3b]lv kqklqsfdfkm{t\ cfjfh p7fp“b} cfO/x]sf] 5'– h;df 5f]/LnfO{ c+z lbg] sfg"g agfpg'sf ;fdflhs b'ikl/0ffd / 5f]/L nufot a'xf/L, kTgL, cfdf / hLcfdfx?nfO{ ;DalGwt k'?if;/x ;dfg clwsf/ lbg] sfg"gsf yk a'"bf;d]t k|:t't ub}{ dlxnf clwsf/ ;DaGwL sfg"g agfpg'sf ;fdflhs ;'kl/0ffd;d]t :ki6 ub}{ cfPsf] 5' . g]kfn clw/fHodf ;j{k|yd -@)%$ ;fndf_ Ú5f]/f5f]/Lsf gful/s k|df0fkqdf afa'sf ;fy} cfdfsf] gfd klg /xg'k5{Ú eGg] dfu ;fj{hlgs ug]{ ;+:yf Úg]kfnL efiff–;+:s[lt kl/ifb\Ú xf]– h;df d klg ;+nUg /lxcfPsf] 5' . 5f]/LnfO{ afa'sf C0f tyf wgsL c+z eflugL agfpg'dfq gf/LnfO{ clwsf/ lbg' x}g Tof] t To;sf] Ps ;txL :y'n / unt kIf dfq xf] . jf:tjdf Úgf/L–clwsf/Ú jf Údlxnf clwsf/Ú eGg' Úgf/L hfltnfO{ lbOg] clwsf/ xf] jf l;¨f] gf/L hfltn] kfpg] clwsf/ xf] h;df 5f]/L hlGdPb]lv lnP/ pm a'xf/L, kTgL, cfdf / xh'/cfdf ag'~h]n;Ddsf] Jofkstf ;d]l6G5 . jf:tjdf dlxnfx?sf] hLjgJofkL d'Vo sfo{If]q / v]nd}bfg ÚdfOtÚ x}g, Ú3/Ú xf] . xfd|f ;dfhdf dfq x}g ;a}h;f] ;dfhdf dlxnfx?sf lglDt Úlkt[s'nÚ JolQmTj ljsf;sf] ;'lzIff / bLIff lnP/ hLjg ofqfsf lglDt bIf / ;Ifd aGg] Úu'?s'nÚ h:tf] jf ljZjljBfno h:tf] xf] eg] Úkltu[xÚ jf Ú3/Ú rflx+ Jofjxfl/s hLjg;+3if{sf] o'4e"ld xf] . To;}n] dlxnfx?nfO{ cfkm\gf d'Vo sfo{If]qdf jf d"ne"t v]n d}bfg g} jf Úkltu[xÚ df g} ljz]if clwsf/ rflxG5 jf a9L clwsf/ rflxG5 eGg] s'/f /fd|/L a'em]/ dfq dlxnfx?n] …5f]/LnfO{ c+zÚ dfUg'df eGbf ÚdlxnfnfO{ clwsf/Ú dfUg'df hf]8 lbg'k5{ eGg] dnfO{ nfU5 .

o; kl/k|]Iodf xfn z'? eO/x]sf ;+;bsf] clwj]zgdf Údlxnf–clwsf/–;DaGwL ljw]osÚ k|:t't eO/x]sf ;Gbe{df g]kfnL gf/L hfltsf xs–lxtsf] ;'/Iff ug{ s] s;f] ug'{knf{ eGg] ;/;'emfj lbg' xfdL ;a}sf] st{Jo x'g k'u]sf] 5 . o; ;DaGwdf d}n] klg ;~rf/–dfWodx?åf/f cfkm"nfO{ plrt nfu]sf] ;/;Nnfx lbg' cfkm\gf] st{Jo 7fg]sf] 5' . jf:tjdf g]kfnL dlxnfx?nfO{ k'?if;/x clwsf/ lbg' eg]sf] g]kfnsf] kfl/jfl/s, z}lIfs, Jofjxfl/s, ;fdflhs, cfly{s / ;f+:s[lts :t/ dfly p7fpg' xf] . g]kfn ufp“ g} ufp“n] ag]sf] b]z xf] / g]kfnsf u|fdL0f dlxnfx?sf] :t/ a[l4 ug'{ g]kfnsf] ljsf; ug'{ xf] . cfZro{sf] s'/f s] 5 eg] g]kfnL gf/Lx? vf;u/L u|fdL0f gf/Lx? k'?ifsf t'ngfdf stf xf] stf a9L sfd u5{g\ t/ ltgsf] clwsf/ jf xs lxtsf] ;'/Iff 5}g olb ltgn] klg oyf]lrt ;'ljwf / clwsf/ kfpg] xf] eg] ltgLx? cem ;lqmo eP/ b]z ljsf;sf] sfo{df nfUg]5g\ . To;}n] g]kfnL gf/L hfltsf] clwsf/ lglZrt ug{ jf xfd|f 5f]/L a'xf/L, lbbL alxgL, kTgL / cfdf–hLcfdfx?sf] hLjg :t/ dfly p7fpg / cfly{s ;fdflhs xs lxtnfO{ cem Jofks agfpg ÚdfOtL–kl/jf/Ú / Ú3/–kl/jf/Ú jf klt kl/jf/ b'j}nfO{ lgDg lnlvt s'/fx? ug{ u/fpg sfg"gL ?kn] g} afWo ug'{kg]{ b]lvG5, h:t}M–

o dfOtL–kl/jf/n] jf afa'–cfdfx?n] 5f]/f;/xsf] lzIff vr{ 5f]/Lsf lglDt klg ug'{kg]{ s8f sfg"gL Joj:yf x'g'k5{ / o;} cGtu{t 5f]/Lsf] e/0f–kf]if0f / :jf:Yo–vr{df klg ;dfg'kfltstf jlt{g'kg]{ gLlt lgb]{zg pNn]lvt x'g'k5{ .

o 5f]/f–5f]/L b'j} x'g] kl/jf/n] 5f]/LnfO{ k|fyldstf lbP/ clgjfo{ lzIff lbg'kg]{ sfg"gL Joj:yf x'g'k5{ .

o 5f]/Lsf] k]jf wg / kTgLsf] k]jf wg jf Ú:qL–wgÚ afa'–cfdf jf klt ;;'/f cflb s;}n] hah{:tL u/L df;]df To;sf] lgodfg';f/ ;fjf“–Jofh ltg'{kg]{ / To:tf :qL–wgsf] nufgLaf6 cfPsf] cfDbfgL klg :qL wgd} ablng] Joj:yf x'g'k5{ .

o k}+tL; jif{ k'u]sL cljjflxtf 5f]/Ln] klg 5f]/f;/x a/f]a/ ÚlhPÚ c+z kfpg] Joj:yf x'g'k5{ / afa'af6 c+z kfPkl5 5f]/Ln] ljjfx u/]sf] cj:yfdf klg ;f] ;DklQ jf p;n] kfPsf] c+z lkmtf{ gx'g] Joj:yf x'g'k5{ / o;} dxn cGtu{t c+z lnPkl5 5f]/Ln] ljjfx u/L dfuL eg] afa'–cfdfn] p;sf] c+zaf6 vr{ u/L ljjfx ul/lbg'kg]{ gLlt–lgb]{zg pNn]lvt x'g'k5{ .

o kltsf] d[To' gx"'b} kTgLn] rfx]df sfg"g adf]lhd c+z lnP/ 5'l§g ;Sg] sfg"gL Joj:yf x'g'k5{ / c+z lnPkl5 kTgLn] k'glj{jfx u/]sf v08df klg kltaf6 c+zjfkt kfPsf] ;Dklt kTgLs} x'g] jf Ps k6s kfPsf] c+z h'g;'s} cj:yfdf klg lkmtf{ gx'g] jf dlxnfx?s} x'g] Joj:yf x'g'k5{ .

o 5f]/Ldfq x'g] kTgLn] nf]Ug]sf ;Dkltaf6 cfwf c+z kfpg] Joj:yf x'g'k5{ .

o kltsf] d[To'kl5 kltsf] ;Dk"0f{ rn crn ;DkltsL dflnSgL p;sL ljwjf kTgL g} x'g] / p;n] s;}sf] bjfj lagf oyf;dodf cfkm\gf pQ/flwsf/Lx?nfO{ c+z lbg] Joj:yf x'g'k5{ .

o 5f]/f x'"bfsf] cj:yfdf c+zj08f ubf{ lgodfg';f/ nufPsf ÚlhP–lhPÚ c+zdWo] /f]h]/ lng] k|yd clwsf/ kTgLsf] -jf cfdfsf]_ x'g'k5{ .

o nf]Ug] x'"bfsf] cj:yfdf klg :jf:gLnfO{ lghL Jojxf/ ;~rfngsf nflu jf lghL vr{sf nflu nf]Ug]sf cfh{gaf6 a9Ldf $ jf % k|ltzt;Dd s6f}tL u/L Ps gof“ :qL–wgÚsf] sfg"gL Joj:yf x'g'k5{ .

o ljwjf kTgLnfO{ kltsf] ;Dkltaf6 3/Jojxf/sf] cfjZostf kl/k"lt{ ug{sf lglDt 5f]/fx?nfO{ c+z 5'6\ofpg' eGbf klxn]s} cj:yfdf klg s]xL k|ltzt crn ;Dklt aGws /fVg] jf ljqmL ug]{ zt{/lxt Joj:yf ul/g'k5{ .

o klt jf nf]Ug]n] ;a} crn ;Dklt aGws /fVg' k/]df, /fhLgfdf ul/lbg'k/]df jf ef]urng ul//fv]sf] ;a} hfoh]yf a]Rg' k/]df kTgLsf] klg sfg"gL d~h'/L lng] Joj:yf x'g'k5{ cyf{t\ To:tf aGws kq jf /fhLgfdf klt–kTgL b'j}sf] ;xL5fk x'g'kg]{ sfg"gL k|fjwfg x'g'k5{ .

o 5f]/f5f]/Lsf gful/stfsf] k|df0fkqdf afa'sf ;fy} cfdfsf] gfd klg pNn]v x'g'kg]{ sfg"gL dfGotf x'g'k5{ / of] s'/f ljBfnox?df ;Gtfgsf] gfd n]vfp“bfb]lv lnP/ ljleGg ;]jf zt{df k|j]z ubf{ klg nfu" x'g] Joj:yf x'g'k5{ cyf{t\ afa'sf] gfd pNn]v x'g' h?/L dflgPsf 7fp“x?df cfdfsf] gfd klg pNn]v x'g'kg]{ Joj:yf ul/g'k5{ .

o csf]{ dxTjk"0f{ s'/f s] 5 eg] Úgf/L–clwsf/Ú jf Údlxnf–clwsf/Ú afn–clwsf/l;t klg uf“l;Psf] 5, To;}n] gf/Lhfltn] uef{j:yf–clwsf/, k|;"lt–clwsf/, lzz'–;Gtlt x'sf{pg] sfo{ef/ jfkt kfpg] clwsf/ jf gjhft lzz' kf“r jif{sf] geO~h]n dlxnfn] kfpg] ;'ljwf / ;x'lnotsf] klg pNn]v x'g'k5{ .

o ;+If]kdf dfly pNn]lvt sltko s'/f / o:tf cGo ;a} s'/fdWo] h'g–h'g ljifodf sfg"gL 7f]s'jf ug'{ c;Dej, cg'lrt / cJofjxfl/s x'G5 To:tf ljifox?df Úgf/L–;'ljwfÚ jf Údlxnf–;x'lnotÚ ;DaGwL ÚgLlt lgb]{zs l;4fGtÚsf] lgdf{0f klg ug'{k5{ .

cGTodf pko'{Qm rf}w a'+bfafx]s cGo sfg"gL ;x'lnotx? lbP/ klg xfd|f 5f]/L, kTgL / cfdfx?sf] :t/Ls/0fsf dfWodn] g]kfnL dlxnfx?sf] z}lIfs / cfly{s /fhgLlts :t/ k'?ifx?sf] ;/x u/fp“b} nfg ;lsG5 jf g]kfnL gf/Lx?nfO{ dfly p7fpg ;lsG5 . b]z–sfn, kl/l:ylt / ablnbf] ljZjkl/j]znfO{ Vofn ub}{ cfkm\gf] ;f+:s[lts cl:dtf / lghTjsf] dd{ klg hf]ufp“b} cfkm"nfO{ o'ufg';f/ kl/jlt{t ub}{ nfg' klg k5{, To:tf kl/jt{g ljgf xfdL cfw'lgs ;+;f/df af“Rg ;St}gf}+ . To;}n] g]kfnL dlxnfx?n] p7fPsf dfux? ;dosf dfu x'g\ eg]/ ltgnfO{ oyf;Dej k"/f ub}{ nfg' xfdL ;a}sf] st{Jo xf] Úoq gfo{:t' k'HoGt] /dGt] tq b]jtfMÚ eGg] xfd|f] ;+:s[lt g} 5, tyf:t' .

-n]vs >Lkf]v/]n, g]kfnL efiff–;+:s[lt kl/ifb\sf cWoIf x'g'x'G5 . ;Dkfbs_

;+ljwfgM cGoyf ub}{ hfg kfOG5 <

sdn sf]O/fnf

nf]Ug]dfG5]nfO{ :jf:gLdfG5] / :jf:gLdfG5]nfO{ nf]Ug]dfG5] agfpg 5f8L la|6]gsf] k|ltlglw;ef -xfp; ckm sdG;_n] af“sL h] klg ug{ ;S5 eGg] k'/fgf] egfO{ lyof] . t/ ca Tof] egfO{ Pp6f /dfOnf] egfO{ dfq 5 . lsgeg] la|6]gsf] xfp; ckm sdG; dfq xf]Og . ;Dk"0f{ la|6]gsf] zf;gsf] ;a} c+u ldn]/ klg dfgj clwsf/ pNn+3g ug{ gkfpg] / To;f] u/] c? b]zx? klg /x]sf] o'/f]lkog kfln{ofd]G6 / c? cGt/f{li6g]{ h'l8l;on l/Eo"sf] clwsf/ If]q elgG5 .

g]kfn, cd]l/sf, ef/t, hfkfg, ci6dWo] Pp6f cfly{s ;ldlt klg 5 hf] cfly{s ljw]os x]b{5 . cy{ ljw]os c+u|]hLsf] dgL jLnsf] ;dfg cy{sf] xf] . g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfgn] o;sf] kl/efiff / cy{ :ki6 u/]sf] 5 .

dgL lan / c? landf km/s ug]{ la|l6z k/Dk/fsf] nfdf] Oltxf; 5 . ;ft, cf7 ;o jif{ cufl8 /fhf / /fhfsf sd{rf/Lx?n] :j]R5frf/L ?kn] h;nfO{ dg nfUof] To;nfO{ ks8\g] / hf];+u hlt dg nfUof] wg lng] vf]:g] ;d]t ub{y] . o;f] gxf];\ / s:tf s:tf ;Dklt / cfDbfgLdf slt slt dfnkf]t, s/ ltg'{ kg]{ xf] lglZrt / sfg"g cg';f/ xf];\ egL dfu p7\of] ;g\ !@@% /fhfåf/f Tof] dfu kq :jLsf/ ul/of] . of] dfukqsf] :jLs[lt la|6]gsf] Oltxf; / ljZjsf] /fhgLlts zf:qsf] cWoogdf …DofUgfsf6f{Ún] k|Voft eof] . o;/L hgtf;+u hyfefjL xf]Og P]g sfg"g lgodx? agfP/ s/ lng] k|0ffnLsf] z'? eof] . kl5 kl5 hgtfn] eg] xfdL dfly slt dfnkf]t nfUg] / xfd|f] ;Dkltdf slt s/ nfUg] xfd|f k|ltlglwx?sf] /fon] ul/of];\ . kfln{ofd]G6/L PS6 -;+;bLo sfg"g_ !(!! n] ;/sf/L jh]6 / ;/sf/L cfDbfgL vr{ k"0f{?kn] hgtfåf/f lgjf{lrt k|ltlglwx?sf] ;bg xfp; ckm sdG;sf] lg0ff{os e"ldsf eof] . h] ljw]osnfO{ kfof] To;}nfO{ cy{ ljw]os elgb}g . sfg"gsf zAbfjnLx?df cy{ ljw]os -dgL ljn_ ;/sf/L cfDbfgL / vr{sf ljifox?nfO{ dflgG5 . g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfg lnlvt 5 . g]kfn clw/fHosf] ;+ljwfg efu ( wf/f ^* -#_ …cy{ ljw]osÚ eGgfn] bf]xfosf pNn]lvt ;a} jf s'g} ljifol;t ;DaGw /fVg] ljw]osnfO{ hgfp“5M–

-s_ s/ nufpg], p7fpg], vf/]h ug]{ 5'6 lbg], kl/jt{g ug]{ of s/ k|0ffnLnfO{ Jojl:yt ug]{ ljifo .

-v_ ;l~rt sf]if jf cGo s'g} ;/sf/L sf]ifsf] ;+/If0f ug]{, To:tf] sf]ifdf /sd hDdf ug]{, ljlgof]hg ug]{, 36fpg] a9fpg] jf vf/]h ug]{ .

-u_ >L % sf] ;/sf/n] C0f, hdfgt, cfly{s bfloTj ;DaGwL sfg"g ;+zf]wg ug]{ ljifo .

-3_ ;/sf/L sf]ifdf k|fKt x'g] ;a} k|sf/sf] /fh:j C0f c;'nLaf6 k|fKt /sd / cg'bfgsf] /sd lhDdf /fVg] nufgL ug]{ jf >L % sf] ;/sf/sf] n]vfsf] n]vf k/LIf0f ug]{ ljifo jf

-ª_ pko'Qm ljifox?;+u k|ToIf ;DaGw ePsf k|f;+lus ljifox? elgPsf] 5 . :ki6 5 of] ljw]os cfly{s ljw]os xf]Og . ;+;bsf] cfly{s ;ldltn] klg x]/]sf] xf]Og . o;/L x]bf{ ;+ljwfgsf] efu @ gful/stfsf] wf/f *, ( / ;+ljwfgd} pNn]v s'/fx?nfO{ ;+ljwfg kl/jt{g jf ;+zf]wg gu/L cfly{s ljw]os egL cGoyf ug{ vf]Hg' jt{dfg ;/sf/ / ;efd'vsf] d'9]anåf/f ;+ljwfg ;+zf]wgsf] k|of; b]lvG5 . o;n] ;+ljwfgsf] efu @ sf] wf/fx? * / ( nufotnfO{ ;+zf]lwt u5{, ;+ljwfg efu !( sf] ;+ljwfg ;+zf]wgsf] dxTjk"0f{ wf/f !!^ nfO{ cy{ / lg/y{s agfp“5 . ;fy} efu ( sf] wf/f ^* sf] cy{ ljw]ossf] ;+ljwfgn] u/]sf] :ki6 cy{sf] ljk/Lt cfly{s ljw]os eGb} dflyNnf] ;bgnfO{ o; ljifo ;+ljwfgsf] Joj:yf / efjgfsf] k"0f{ ljk/Lt u/L kG5fpg] p2]Zon] To;f] ul/Psf] 5n{ª\u b]lvG5 .

g]kfndf ;+ljwfgn] gful/stfsf] Joj:yf u/]sf] 5 / l;km{ sfg"gn] xf]Og . ;+ljwfgåf/f gful/stf k|fKt / ;dflKt wf/f *, ( / !) n] Jojl:yt 5 . g]kfn clw/fHosf] ;+ljwfg @)$& / To; ;+ljwfg pNn]veGbf a9L ug{ ;f] ;+ljwfgnfO{ ;Daf]wg gu/L ug'{ jf ug{ vf]Hg' ;+ljwfg k|lts"n x'g] s'/f xf] . g]kfn clw/fHosf] ;+ljwfg * / ( sf] Joj:yfnfO{ kl/jt{g ug]{ jf k|lts"n c;/ kfg]{ sfd ;+ljwfg ;+zf]wg gu/L cfly{s ljw]os eGb} Pp6f ;bgn] dfq lg0f{o ug'{ jf ug{ vf]Hg' ;+ljwfgsf] :ki6 Joj:yf zAb / efjgfsf] ljk/Lt x'g hfg]5 . cd]l/sf, hd{gL jf s'g} c? b]zdf hGdn] gful/s x'g] Joj:yf xf]nf, t/ g]kfn clw/fHosf] ;+ljwfgsf] wf/f ( n] of] ;+ljwfg k|f/De eP kl5 cyf{t\ @)$& ;fn sflt{s @# ut] b]lv kl5

-!_ g]kfnsf] gful/ssf] j+zh dfq hGdn] g]kfnsf] gful/s x'g] Joj:yf 5 .

-@_ g]kfn clw/fHoleq km]nf k/]sf] lkt[Tjsf] 7]ufg gePsf] k|To]s gfafns lghsf] afa'sf] kQf gnfu];Dd j+zhsf] gftfn] .

-#_ g]kfn clw/fHodf ufleg] u/L s'g} If]q k|fKt ePdf ;f] If]qsf] dfG5] .

-$_ ljb]zLnfO{ cGo /fHosf] gful/stf Tofu]sf] / slDtdf !% jif{ a;]sf] OToflb eP sfg"gåf/f Joj:yf ul/P cg';f/ c+lus[t gful/stf .

-%_ ljb]zL dlxnfn] g]kfnL k'?if;+u laxf u/]/ ljb]zsf] gful/stf TofUg] sfo{jfxL rnfPsf] eP . klxn] g} g]kfnL gful/s eP p;n] g]kfnsf] gful/stf Tofu]kl5 klg km]l/ g]kfnL gful/stf k|fKt ug{ ;Sg] .

-^_ g]kfnsf] gful/ssf] 5f]/f, 5f]/L jf j+zhn] b'O{ jif{ a;f]af; u/] g]kfnsf] gful/stf k|fKt ug{ ;Sg] t/ c+lus[t gful/ssf] ;Gtfgsf] xsdf To:tf] gx'g] Joj:yf 5 .

-&_ gful/stf ;dflKt sfg"gn] lgwf{l/t ug{ ;Sg] . t/ k|flKt sfg"gn] dfq lgwf{l/t ug{ ;Sg] eg]sf] 5}g .

/ -*_ wf/f !) cg';f/ cGt/f{li6o;k|sf/ :ki6 5, g]kfnsf] gful/stfsf] ;dflKt sfg"gåf/f x'g ;S5 t/ k|flKt s]jn sfg"g agfP/ x'g ;Sb}g . Tof] sfg"g ;+ljwfg cg'?k g} x'g'k5{ .

g]kfndf km]nf k/]sf] gfafns klg ljb]zL lktf gb]lvpGh]n dfq j+zhsf] gftfn] gful/s x'g]5 . o;/L Tof] klg hGdsf] gftfn] xf]Og .

o;k|sf/ g]kfn clw/fHosf] ;+ljwfg @)$& n] ca g]kfnL gful/ssf] j+zhnfO{ dfq :jtM gful/s dfGg] Joj:yf 5 . cd]l/sf jf hd{gL em}+ hGdn] gful/stf k|fKt x'g] s'/f x}g . h] ljw]osnfO{ klg cfly{s ljw]os eGg] s'/f cfly{s ljw]os egL ;+ljwfgsf] Joj:yfnfO{ cGoyf ug]{ jf ;+zf]wg ug]{ s'/f, ;+ljwfgåf/f vf; lgwf{l/t ldltkl5 c? cfwf/df gful/stf lbg] s'/f OToflbnfO{ ;+ljwfg;Ddt dflgg' x'"b}g . g]kfndf gful/stfsf] k|flKt s]jn sfg"håf/f xf]Og ;+ljwfgåf/f klg lgwf{l/t 5 . s]xL u/L o:tf] sfg"g agL ;s]/ nfu" ePsf] eP o:tf] cj:yfsf] ;dodf gful/stf k|fKt eO;s]sf] eP xhf/f}+ jf nfvf}+ sfo{jfxL kl5 p7\g ;Sg] jf sltsf] ;DaGwdf s'g} sfo{jfxL g} geO{ gful/stf k|fKt ug{ g;Sg]n] klg gful/s /xL /xg] l:ylt pTkGg x'g lbg' g]kfnh:tf] ljz]if /fli6s'g} s'/f jf sfg"g cd]l/sf 5 jf la|6]g jf hd{gLdf 5 eGb}df g]kfnsf] /fli6-n]vs g]skf dfn]sf g]tf / clwjQmf x'g'x'G5_