rlr{t k|;+u

– s]bf/ ;'j]bL

;/sf/sf sfd ;/sf/s} zAb ljsf; s:tf] <

ljt]sf !) jif{df b]z ljsf;sf gfp“df s] s] eP5g\\ eGg] ;/sf/ cfkm}+n] atfPsf ljj/0f x]l/of] eg] Pp6f lrq b]lvg] 5 . /fli6p of]hgfsf] bL3{sfnLg cjwf/0ff cg'?k cfjlws of]hgfx? cfj4?kdf sfof{Gjog x'g'kg]{df To:tf] bL3{sfnLg cjwf/0ffsf] cefjdf bL3{sfnLg dxTjsf of]hgfsf p2]Zox? k|To]s cfjlws of]hgfdf km/s kb}{ hfgfn] /0fgLltdf lg/Gt/tf gx'g' .

p dfgj ;fwg ljsf;df :ki6 wf/0ff algg;Sg' .

p ljb]zL ;xfotfnfO{ ljsf;sf] k|fyldstf cg's"n nfg tyf o;nfO{ ;dGjofTds 9+uaf6 k|of]u ug{ g;Sg' .

p ljs]Gb|Ls/0fsf] :ki6 wf/0ff cem algg;s]sf] / :yfgLo lgsfosf] :jfoQtfsf] k|s[lt / :j?k tof/ eOg;s]sf] :yfgLo ljsf;sf ;fy} lk5l8Psf If]q / hfltsf] ljsf;sf nflu k|efjsf/L ;+:yfut kl/kf6L{sf] ljsf; x'g g;Sg' .

p of]hgfn] lgwf{/0f u/]sf] p2]Zo / nIo cg'?ksf jflif{s sfo{qmdx? cfpg g;Sg' .

p;fwgsf] af“8kmf“8 nfe–nfutsf] cfwf/df gx'g' .

p k|lt:kwf{Tds ahf/ cy{Joj:yf cg'?ksf ;a} sfg"gL tyf ;+:yfut k"jf{wf/x? ljsf; eOg;Sg' .

p of]hgf;+u ;Da4 cWoog, cg';Gwfg, cg'udg / d"Nof+sg sfo{x? k|efjsf/L ?kn] cfpg g;Sg' / oL sfo{x?sf nflu ;+:yfut ljsf; kl/kSj eO{ g;Sg' .

p ;'zf;gsf ljleGg kIf h:t} sfg"gsf] l;4fGt, ;fj{hlgs hjfkmb]xL, kf/blz{tf, hg;xeflutf cflb s'/fx? sdhf]/ /xg' .

p s[lifsf] Joj;foLs/0f ub}{ n}hfg] qmddf cfjZos k"jf{wf/x? b]vf gkg'{ .

p ljutsf] /fHo lgb]{lzt tyf lgolGqt ljsf; sfo{qmdn] ubf{ hg:t/df :jkl/rfng sd eO{ ;/sf/df lge{/ /xg] k|j[lQ alnof] x'g' .

p zf;gdf /fHo lgb]{lzt tyf lgolGqt ljsf; k|lqmofsf] k|j[lQ sfod} /xg' .

p of]hgf / cWoog sfo{df nfUg] OsfOx?sf] ;zQm ;+:yfut ljsf; x'g g;s]sf]n] b]zsf] t'ngfTds nfe / k|lt:kwf{Tds Ifdtfsf] ;+efjgf ePsf If]qx?sf] /fd|f] klxrfg x'g g;Sg' .

p cfly{s lqmofsnfkdf nfUg] ljleGg If]qnfO{ lbzfaf]w u/fpg] b[li6sf]0fn] ;zQm ?kn] ljleGg dfkb08 tyf u'0f:t/sf] Joj:yf eOg;Sg' .

;+:yfg s:tf 5g\

;/sf/L ;+:yfgx?n] 8'jfPsf] /sdsf] lx;fa ubf{ em08} Ps jif{sf] s'n jh]6 hlt c+s k'U5 . t/ tL ;+:yfgx? s] ul//x]sf 5g\ / s'g cj:yfdf 5g\ eGg] ;/sf/s} zAbdf x]/f}+ . oxf“ pNn]v ePsf] ljj/0f cy{ dGqnfon] k|sflzt u/]sf] k'l:tsfaf6 lnOPsf] xf] . ;/sf/ g} o;f] eG5 eg] oL ;+:yfgnfO{ s;n] slxn] ;'wf/ ug]{ eGg] k|Zgn] pQ/ kfPsf] 5}g .

cf}Bf]lus If]q

o; If]qsf !# cf}Bf]lus ;+:yfgx?dWo] cf=j= @)%#–)%$ df @ ;+:yfgx?n] dfq ;+rfng d'gfkmf sdfpg ;Ifd ePsf]df cf=j= @)%$–)%% df s]jn b'Uw ljsf; ;+:yfg dfq ;+rfng d'gfkmfdf rn]sf] b]lvG5 . cf=j= @)%#–)%$ df d'gfkmf cfh{g ug{ ;Ifd ePsf x]6f}8f l;d]G6 pBf]u / zfxL cf}iflw lnld6]8 cf=j= @)%$–)%% df gf]S;fgdf ;+rfng x'g k'u]sf 5g\ . cf=j= @)%#–)%$ df nufgLsf] cg'kftdf k|ltkmn b/ !)=&# k|ltztn] gsf/fTds ePsf]df cf=j= @)%$–)%% df ljQLo l:ylt c? sdhf]/ eO{ !*=!) k|ltztn] gsf/fTds aGg k'u]sf] 5 . ;+rfng 3f6fdf ;+rflnt ;+:yfgx?dWo] pbok'/ l;d]G6 sf/vfgf, hgsk'/ r'/f]6 sf/vfgf, g]kfn cf]l/08 DofUg];fO6 / jL/u~h lrgL sf/vfgf k|d'v 5g\ . cf=j= @)%$–)%% df o; If]qsf pBf]ux?sf] hDdf ;+rfng 3f6f ?= ^& s/f]8 (@ nfv /x]sf] 5 .

Jofkfl/s If]qM

Jofkfl/s If]qsf ^ ;+:yfgx?dWo] g]zgn 6t ljz]if bogLo b]lvG5 . o; ;+:yfgn] cl3Nnf] cf=j=df h:t} cf=j= @)%$–)%% df klg l:y/ ;Dklt -hUuf_ laqmL u/L ;+rfng vr{ rnfpg k/]sf] afWotf oyfjt g} b]lvPsf] 5 .

;jf If]qM

;jf If]q cGtu{tsf * ;+:yfgx?dWo] $ ;+:yfgsf] ljQLo sfo{s'zntf ;sf/fTds ePsf] b]lvG5 eg] af“sL $ ;+:yfgsf] gsf/fTds b]lvG5 . cf=j= @)%#–)%$ df o; If]qsf ;+:yfgx?sf] v'b k'"hL nufgLdf ;+rfng d'gfkmfsf] cg'kft !=($ k|ltztn] gsf/fTds /x]sf]df cf=j= @)%$–)%% df o; l:yltdf vf;} ;'wf/ geO{ pQm gsf/fTds cg'kft !=$) k|ltzt /x]sf] 5 . cf=j= @)%$–)%% df zfxL g]kfn jfo' ;]jf lgudsf] ;+rfng d'gfkmf ?= (! nfv b]lvPsf] 5 . cl3Nnf] cfly{s jif{;Dd ;+rfng d'gfkmfdf /x]sf] s[lif cfof]hgf ;]jf s]Gb| / cf}Bf]lus If]q Joj:yfkg ln= cf=j= @)%$–)%% df qmdzM ?= ^ nfv / ?= $) nfvsf] ;+rfng 3f6fdf /x]sf 5g\ . o:t} g]kfn oftfoft ;+:yfgsf] ;+rfng 3f6f cem a[l4 eO{ ?= !# s/f]8 *$ nfv k'Ug uPsf] 5 .

;fdflhs If]q M

o; If]qsf % ;+:yfgx?dWo] u|fdL0f cfjf; sDkgL ln= afx]s cGo $ ;+:yfgx? 3f6fdf ;+rflnt 5g\ . o; If]qsf % ;+:yfgx?n] cf=j= @)%#–)%$ df ?= @ s/f]8 @$ nfv ;+rfng d'gfkmf cfh{g u/]sf]df cf=j= @)%$–)%% df ?= @ s/f]8 #* nfv ;+rfng 3f6f ug{ k'u]sf 5g\ . cf=j= @)%#–)%$ df v'b k'"hL nufgLsf] cg'kftdf ;+rfng d'gfkmfsf] cg'kft @=^$ k|ltztn] gsf/fTds /x]sf]df cf=j= @)%$–)%% df pQm cg'kft @=&$ k|ltzt gsf/fTds x'g cfPsf]n] o; If]qsf ;+:yfgx?sf] ljQLo l:ylt emg\ lau|b} uPsf] b]lvG5 . o; ;d"xdf cf=j= @)%#–)%$ ;Dd ;+rfng d'gfkmfdf /x]sf uf]/vfkq ;+:yfg / hgs lzIff ;fdu|L s]Gb| cf=j= @)%$–)%% df 3f6fdf ;+rfng x'g' tyf g]kfn 6]lnlehg lg/Gt/ 3f6fdf /xg'sf] sf/0fn] ubf{ k'/} ;d"xs} l:ylt gsf/fTds x'g k'u]sf] 5 .

hgf]kof]uL If]qM

o; If]q cGtu{tsf # ;+:yfgx? -g]kfn vfg]kfgL ;+:yfg, g]kfn ljB't k|flws/0f / g]kfn b"/ ;~rf/ ;+:yfg_sf] s"n ;+rfng d'gfkmf cf=j= @)%$–)%% df ?= @ c/a %) s/f]8 $( nfv k'u]sf]] 5 h'g cl3Nnf] cfly{s jif{sf] t'ngfdf @#=%$ k|ltztsf] a[l4 xf] . g]kfn b"/ ;~rf/ ;+:yfgsf] v'b k""hL nufgLdf ;+rfng d'gfkmfsf] cg'kft !&=%( k|ltzt /x]sf] t/ cGo @ ;+:yfgx?sf] k|ltkmn b/ sd ePsf]n] o; If]qsf] ;du| k|ltkmn b/ $=)# k|ltzt dfq x'g cfp“5 .

oL # ;+:yfgx?df ;/sf/sf] ;du| ;+:yfg If]qdf ePsf] k""hL nufgLsf] 7"nf] c+z /x]sf] tyf oL ;+:yfgx?n] b]z leq Ps k|sf/sf] Psflwsf/ Joj;fo ;+rfng ub}{ cfPsf]n] ;Dk"0f{ ;+:yfgx?sf] ljQLo cfs[ltnfO{ ;du|?kdf ;sf/fTds agfpg ;kmn b]lvPtf klg sfo{ s'zntf / ;Ifdtf a[l4 tyf k|bQ ;]jf / ;'ljwfdf eg] ;Gtf]ifhgs ;'wf/ ePsf] b]lvb}g .

ljQLo If]qM

o; If]qdf s'n * ;+:yfgx? sfo{/t 5g\ . h;dWo] cf=j= @)%#–)%$ df ^ ;+:yfgx? ;+rfng d'gfkmfdf /x]sf]df cf=j= @)%$–)%% df % ;+:yfgx? dfq ;+rfng d'gfkmf ug{ ;Ifd ePsf] b]lvG5 . o;/L ;+rfng 3f6fdf /x]sf # ljQLo ;+:yfgx?df s[lif ljsf; a}+s, g]kfn cf}Bf]lus ljsf; lgud / g]kfn :6s PS;r]~h /x]sf 5g\ . ljQLo If]qsf ;+:yfgx?sf] v"b k'"hL nufgLdf ;+rfng d'gfkmfsf] cg'kft &=%$ /x]sf] b]lvG5 . h'g cg'kft ut jif{eGbf a9L /x]sf] 5 . vf;u/L /fli6pk/f]Qm ljZn]if0fsf] cfwf/df ;+:yfgx?sf] Jofj;flos ;Ifdtf / ljQLo l:ylt clt gfh's /x]sf] :ki6 x'G5 . pBf]u tyf Jofkfl/s ;+:yfgx? jiff}{b]lv 3f6fdf ;+rfng e}/xg'df vf;u/L ljBdfg Ifdtfsf] k"0f{ pkof]u x'g g;Sg', pTkflbt j:t' / ;]jf lghLIf]q;+u k|lt:kwL{ aGg g;Sg', gLlt lg0f{o k|lqmof / sfo{ k|0ffnLdf ahf/, ljQLo / ;+rfng ;DaGwL hf]lvdsf] cjwf/0fnfO{ ;+:yflkt ug]{ jftfj/0f gx'g' tyf ;+:yfgsf] cfw'lgsLs/0f Pjd\ Jofj;foLs/0fsf] nflu clek|]/0ffsf] cefj /xg', sd{rf/L–sfdbf/x?n] cfly{s nfesf] nflu ;+:yfgs} eljionfO{ Vofn g/fvL a/fa/ x8\tfn ug'{ / Joj:yfkg kIf Hofb} sdhf]/ /xg' k|d'v /x]sf 5g\ . ;+:yfgx?sf] sfo{s'zntfdf ;'wf/ gx'g'sf cGo sf/0fx?df Joj:yfkgdf cfGtl/s lgoGq0f k|0ffnL / cfGtl/s n]vf k/LIf0f k4lt k|fozM lgik|efjL /xg', cTolws /fhg}lts x:tIf]k x'g', af/Daf/ ;+:yf k|d'v tyf ;+rfns ;ldltsf] ;+/rgfdf km]/abn e}/xg' cflb d'Vo /x]sf 5g\ .

;+:yfgx?sf] ljQLo ljj/0f cfly{s jif{ ;dfKt ePsf] gf} dlxgfleq tof/ u/L n]vf k/LIf0f ;DkGg u/fpg' kg]{df w]/} sd ;+:yfgx?n] dfq o; sfg"gL k|fjwfgsf] kfngf u/]sf] kfOG5 . clwsf+z ;+:yfgx? sfg"gL Joj:yfnfO{ ;d]t jf:tf gu/L cfly{s tyf k|zf;lgs cg'zf;g sfod ug]{ sfo{af6 6f9} /x]sf 5g\ . cfly{s tyf ljQLo cfbz{ / j}1flgs k|0ffnLsf] oyf]lrt kfngf gePsf] tyf jf;nft, gfkmf gf]S;fgh:tf ljQLo ljj/0fx? ;d]t ;dodf tof/ gePsf] sf/0f ;+:yfgx?af6 k|fKt ul/Psf ;+zf]lwt cg'dfg -k|f]lehgn_ tyf k|If]lkt -k|f]h]S6]8_ ljQLo ljj/0fx? ;d]t e/kbf]{ tyf ;xL dfGg ;lsg] cj:yfdf 5}gg\ . o;af6 ;+:yfgsf] cfly{s tyf ljQLo l:ylt ;'b[9 ug{ / efjL l:yltsf] k"jf{g'dfg u/L cfjZos ;'wf/ k|lqmof cjnDag ug{ ;d]t cK7\of/f] k/]sf] 5 .

of] ;d:of s;n] hGdfof] <

;j{;fwf/0fn] tLj| k|tLIff ul//x]sf ljifodWo] ;8s k|d'v xf] . b]zsf] s'n nufgLsf] s/La Ps rf}yfO eGbf a9L efu ;8s lgdf{0fdf vr{ x'g] u/]sf] 5 . t/ Tof] sfo{ lsg /f]lsG5 . oftfoft dGqfnon] tof/ kf/]sf] ljj/0fdWo]sf lgDg k|sf/sf gd"gf x]/f}+ / ljsf; lsg e}/x]sf] 5}g eGg] cfkm}+ cg'dfg u/f}+ .

!= cfof]hgfsf] gfdM d]rL /fhdfu{ -lkmlbd–tfKn]h'ª v08 . ;d:ofM dfu cg';f/sf] jh]6 ljlgof]hg eO{gcfp“bf of]hgf ;dfKt ug]{ cjlw ls6fg x'g g;s]sf] / jlg;s]sf] ;8ssf] dd{t ug{ g;sL lh0f{ x'g yfn]sf] . c;/M != of]hgfsf] nfutdf a[l4, @= hg;dodf gsf/fTds k|efj k/]sf], #= lgdf{0f eO;s]sf] ;8s dd{t ug{ g;sL ;d:of pTkGg ePsf], $= ko{6s ljsf;df c;/, %= tfKn]h'ª ;b/d'sfd;Dd oftfoftsf] lgoldttf x'g g;s]sf] . ljefuLo k|ltlqmofM dfu cg'?k ah]6 lgsf; gePsf]n] of]hgf k|ult x'g g;s]sf] .

@= cfof]hgfsf] gfdM ljZj]Zj/k|;fb sf]O/fnf dfu{ -ag]kf–l;Gw'nL–alb{jf;_ . ;d:ofM of]hgfsf] lgdf{0ffwLg v08 $ g]kfnyf]s w'lnv]n v08sf] xfnsf] ;+j]bgzLn l:ylt pk/ hfkfgL kIfaf6 ljut jif{b]lv g} k6s k6s ljleGg ldl6ªx? u+eL/tfk"j{s lh1f;f Pjd\ hfgsf/L u/fOPsf] tyf ut j8fbz}+ cufl8sf] l:yltn] ubf{ ;Dk"0f{ hfkfgL sfdbf/x? xfn;Dd klg es'08]l:yt of]hgfsf] SofDkaf6 w'lnv]n cfO{ lgdf{0f sfo{sf] ;d]t ;f“em ^ ah] g} aGb u/L xfnsf] lgdf{0f sfo{ ;+rfng eO/x]sf]n] t'?Gt hfkfgL sfdbf/x?nfO{ ;'/Iffsf] k|Tofe"lt k}bf x'g] l:ylt agfO{ es'08]af6 g} lgdf{0f sfo{ ;+rfng ug]{ jftfj/0f, c;/M o; ;d:ofaf6 of]hgfsf] lgdf{0f sfo{ k"0f{ tj/n] ;+rfng x'g g;s]sf] x'"bf lgdf{0f sfo{sf] ef}lts k|ult xfl;ndf ;d]t k|ToIf c;/ kg{ uO{ xfn of]hgfsf] ef}lts k|ult klg sd eO/x]sf] 5 . ljefuLo k|ltlqmofM of]hgfsf] ;'emfj cg';f/ Joj:yf x'g'kg]{ .

#= cfof]hgfsf] gfdM dxfsfnL /fhdfu{ -a}t8L–bfr'{nf v08_ . ;d:ofx?M != x]eL pks/0fsf] sdL, @= b'u{d :yfg ePsf]n] ;dodf lgdf{0f ;fdfu|L pknAw gx'g], #= nfdf] ;fO6 x'g'sf ;fy} OGk]S;g e]Osnsf] sdL . c;/M sfo{ k|ultdf jfwf . ljefuLo k|ltlqmofM x]eL OSo'kd]G6 ef8fdf lng] Joj:yfsf] nflu sf/jfxL ug]{ .

$= cfof]hgfsf] gfdM a;Gtk'/–t]x|y'd–cf7/fO{ . ;d:ofM != ljikmf]6s kbfy{sf] k|of]u ug{ sl7gfO{ ePsf], @= jgsf] ;d:of ePsf] . c;/M != sfdsf] k|ult x'g ;"rf??kn] g;s]sf], @= d"n3f6 lqj]0fL ef]hk'/ ;8sdf ?v sf6\g] :jLs[lt xfn;Dd gePsf]n] ;8s lgdf{0fdf sl7gfO{ ePsf] . ljefuLo k|ltlqmofM of]hgfsf] ;'emfj cg';f/ ;'/Iffsf] Joj:yf x'g'kg]{ . of]hgfn] lj=k=sf] cg'lrt k|of]udf vf; lgoGq0f ug'{ kg]{ .

%= cfof]hgfsf gfdM a;Gtk'/–r}gk'/–vf“baf/L . ;d:ofM != sfof{no ejg tyf cfjf; 3/ gePsf]n] sfo{ ;+rfngdf ;fdfGo afwf kl//x]sf], @= ;jf/L ;fwgx? Hofb} k'/fgf tyf k6s–k6s dd{t u/L /xg' kg]{ ePsf], #= b'u{dtfsf ;fy} lxn] a;Gt'k'/ ;8ssf] hL0f{ cj:yfn] o; of]hgf;Dd cfjt hfjt ug{ yk ;d:ofx? ef]Ug' kl//x]sf] 5, c;/M of]hgf ;'rf??kn] ;+rfngdf ;fdfGo jfwf kl//x]sf] 5 . ljefuLo k|ltlqmofM ePs} e]OsnnfO{ /fd|f];+u Jojl:yt u/L sfo{ ug'{ kg]{ . e]Osn d/dtsf] nflu ah]6 dfu ug'{ kg]{ .

^= cfof]hgfsf] gfdM afUn'ª–a]gL–hf]d;f]d . ;d:ofM != ;'k/lehg ug{ uf8Lsf] ;d:of, @= ck|fKotf jh]6 ljlgof]hg, #= klx/f] hfg] If]qsf] jfx'Notf, $= /]vfs+g kl/jt{g u/L lbg] dfu :yfgLo JolQmx?af6 ePsf], c;/M != u'0f:t/ lgoGq0f ug{ k|ToIf c;/, @= ;dodf of]hgf k"/f x'g g;sL of]hgfsf] nfut af8\b} hfg], #= jiff{ofdsf] ;dodf oftfoft cj?4 x'g] tyf klx/f] ;kmf ug]{ qmddf dd{t ;Def/sf] nfut a9\g hfg], $= ;f] sf/0fsf] ut cf=j=sf] sfddf jfwf eO{ un]Zj/ -ls=ld= !( hf]8 %))_ eGbf cufl8 9'+uf df6f]sf] sfd gePsf] . ljefuLo k|ltlqmofM != ePs} uf8Laf6 ;'kl/lehgsf] Joj:yf ldnfpg' kg]{ . $= /]vf+sg ljjfb ;DjGwdf :yfgLo txdf k|of; ug'{ kg]{ / g;lsPdf dflyNnf] txaf6 k|of; ug'{sf] nflu cg'/f]w ug'{ kg]{ .

&= cfof]hgfsf] gfdM t'N;Lk'/–k'/Gwf/f–;'v]{t, ;d:ofM ljikmf]6s kbfy{sf] k|of]u ug{ g;lsPsf] . c;/M k|ultdf c;/ . ljefuLo k|ltlqmofM 5nkmn eP cg';f/ ;'emfj sfof{Gjog x'g'kg]{ .

*= cfof]hgfsf] gfdM l5Gr'–hfh/sf]6, ;d:ofM ljikmf]6s kbfy{sf] k|of]u ug{ g;lsPsf] . c;/M k|ultdf c;/ . ljefuLo k|ltlqmofM 5nkmn eP cg';f/ ;'emfj sfof{Gjog x'g'kg]{ .

(= cfof]hgfsf] gfdM s}g8f“8f ;8s cfof]hgf, ;d:ofM ljikmf]6s kbfy{sf] k|of]u ug{ g;lsPsf] . c;/M k|ultdf c;/ . ljefuLo k|ltlqmofM 5nkmn eP cg';f/ ;'emfj sfof{Gjog x'g'kg]{ .

!)= cfof]hgfsf] gfdM hok[YjLaxfb'/ l;+x dfu{ -vf]8\k]–aemfª . ;d:ofM != x]eL OSo'kd]G6sf] cefj . @= ;'k/lehgsf] nflu e]Osnsf] sdL, #= lj=k=sf] ;d:of . c;/M k|ultdf s]xL c;/ kg{ hfg] . ljefuLo k|ltlqmofM != x]eL OSo'kd]G6 ef8fdf lng] Joj:yf ug]{, @= ePs} e]Osnaf6 ;'kl/lehgsf] Joj:yf ug'{ kg]{ .

!!= cfof]hgfsf] gfdM pu|tf/f–d]nf}nL ;8s . ;d:ofM 6!@= cfof]hgfsf] gfdM bz/yrGb dfu{ -;tjfem–a}t8L em'nf3f6, kf6g k~r]Zj/ ;8s, >Lsf]6 k'rf]{8Lxf6 ;8s c;/M jh]6 Go"g 5 . c;/M af6f] agfpg xfnsf] ah]6 cg';f/ !)) jif{ nfUg] . ljefuLo k|ltlqmofM dfu cg';f/ ah]6 lgsf;f x'g'kg]{ .

!#= cfof]hgfsf] gfdM dx]Gb|gu/–b}hL–hf]ua'9f–a'8/ ;8s ;'k=@ -lbkfon_, ;d:ofM sl08zgsf] 6!$= cfof]hgfsf] gfdM sfnLGhf]/–d=u=df=x/k'/–;+u|fdk'/, ;nf{xL, ;d:ofM ufp“df sRrLgfnL /sdsf] nflu ljjfb ePsf], c;/M k|ult sd ePsf] . ljefuLo k|ltlqmofM :yfgLo txaf6} ;d:of ;dfwfgsf nflu k|of; ug'{ kg]{ .

!%= cfof]hgfsf] gfdM jGbLk'/–k[YjL/fhdfu{, ;d:ofM jh]6sf] sdL, c;/M sfo{ ;DkGg ug{ sl7gfO{ . ljefuLo k|ltlqmofM ah]6 dfu cg'?k gePsf]n] kof{Kt k|ult gePsf] .

!^= cfof]hgfsf] gfdM s0ff{nL dªn;]g ;8s, ;d:ofM k|of{Kt jh]6sf] sdL, c;/M ;do ;dodf ;8s cj?4 x'g] ;8s oftfoft ;+rfng x'g g;Sg] . ljefuLo k|ltlqmofM ah]6 dfu cg'?k gePsf]n] kof{Kt k|ult gePsf] .

!&= cfof]hgfsf] gfdM uf]/vf dgsfdgf, ;d:ofM ljikmf]6s kbfy{ k|of]u ug{ ;'wf/sf] cefj, c;/M s8f r§fgx? km'6fpg sl7gfO{ . ljefuLo k|ltlqmofM of]hgfsf] ;'emfj cg';f/ ;'/Iffsf] Joj:yf x'g'kg]{ .

!*= cfof]hgfsf] gfdM b|Jo zfx dfu{ -cj'jf ;ftbf]jf6f] n'O6]neRr]s l;/fg8f“8f_, a]zLzx/–rfd] . ;d:ofM ljikmf]6s kbfy{ k|of]u ug{ ;'wf/sf] cefj, c;/M s8f r§fgx? km'6fpg sl7gfO{ . ljefuLo k|ltlqmofM of]hgfsf] ;'emfj cg';f/ ;'/Iffsf] Joj:yf x'g'kg]{ .

!(= cfof]hgfsf] gfdM sf7df8f}+ pkTosf zx/L ;8s eQmk'/, ;d:ofM ;'k/lehg e]Osnsf] /fd|f] cj:yfdf gx'g', c;/M ;'k/lehg ug]{ sfo{df jfwf . ljefuLo k|ltlqmofM ePs} e]Osnaf6 ;'kl/lehgsf] Joj:yf ug'{ kg]{ .

@)= cfof]hgfsf] gfdM t];|f] ;8s ;'wf/ cfof]hgf . ;d:ofM ljut cf=j=x?df Doflrª km08 kof{Kt gx'"bf P8LjLsf] ;f]w eg{ x'g] tkm{sf] k|fKt lgsf;f /sdaf6 >L % sf] ;/sf/sf] ;|f]ttkm{ vr{ ePsf]n] cf=j= @)%#–)%$ sf] ?=%*,!$,*^@.#(, cf=j= @)%$–)%% sf] ?= (,)@,)@$@%.!* / cf=j=@)%%–)%^sf] ?=%,)&,($,^%).%& u/L hDdf ?=!$,^*,!!,(#*.!$ ;|f]t kl/jt{g u/L >L % sf] ;/sf/sf] ;|f]ttkm{, lx;fa ldnfg x'g cy{ dGqfnodf cg'/f]w eO{ uPsf] . c;/M p; cfof]hgfsf] nflu P8LaL sDkf]g]G6tkm{ s/La o"P; 8n/ @=@ ldlnog ck'u x'g] ePsf] / ;f] /sd >L % sf] ;/sf/af6 Joxf]g'{ kg]{ egL !–!! l8;]Da/ !((( df cfPsf] P8LaL l/Eo" ld;gn] hfgsf/L u/fPsf] . o;} sf/0f P8LaL, dlgnfn] hgj/L @), @))) kZrft ul/g] e'QmfgLsf] k|ltzt cfO{=;L=jL= sG6\ofS6 / Pn=;L=aL= sG6\ofS6df qmdzM ^% / %) ul/Psf] hfgsf/L k|fKt ePsf] z'? ;Demf}tfdf P8LaLn] b'j}y/L sG6\ofS6 df &@ k|ltzt /sd e'QmfgL ug]{ k|fjwfg /x]]sf] lyof] . ljefuLo k|ltlqmofM Doflrª km08sf] nflu kof{Kt ah]6 Joj:yf ug'{ kg]{ .

@!= cfof]hgfsf] gfdM sfn'kf08] dfu{ -dn]v'–wflbª_ . ;d:ofM ;8s lgdf{0ftkm{sf] b'O{ Kofs]hdWo] Pp6f Kofs]hsf] ;8s la:tf/ ubf{ sf6\g' kg]{ ?vx?sf] :jLs[lt jg dGqfnoaf6 k|fKt ePsf] csf]{ Kofs]hsf] xfn;Dd ?v sf6\g] :jLs[lt k|fKt gePsf] . c;/M 7fp“ 7fp“df ;8s rf}8f ug]{ sfddf jfwf k/]sf] . ljefuLo k|ltlqmofM ?v s6fgsf] k|lqmof ;/nLs/0f x'g'kg]{ .

@@= cfof]hgfsf] gfdM l/:tL / sn]:tL k'n lgdf{0f -Jof; dfu{_ . ;d:ofM jh]6sf] cefj . c;/M sfo{ ;DkGg ug{ sl7gfO{ . ljefuLo k|ltlqmofM dfu cg';f/ ah]6sf] Joj:yf x'g'kg]{ .

cGt/+u

– e/t sf]O/fnf

g/]Gb| /]UdL

pxf“nfO{ k|hftGqsf] husf] 9'+uf eg] x'G5 . @))& ;fnsf] qmflGtsf] k[i7e"ld tof/ kfg{ dxTjk"0f{ e"ldsf lgjf{x ug]{ ;+u7g clvn ef/tLo g]kfnL /fli6;d:ofaf/] ;hu b]lvg'x'G5 .

æ;fKtflxs ljdz{Æsf] lh1f;fsf] hjfkmdf cfkm\gf] cGt/+u syf, Joyf / hLjg ofqf atfp“b} /]UdL eGg'x'G5– To;a]nf ef/tdf la|l6zx?sf] /fh lyof] . PskN6 efO;/fo lzsf/ v]Ng g]kfn cfP . pgnfO{ ;xof]u ug{ s]xL dfG5] k7fOof] . d]/f] lktfhL lnofhf] clkm;/ x'g'x'GYof] . To;}n] pxf“nfO{ klg k7fOof] . lzsf/ ;s]/ kmls{g] a]nfdf efO;/fon] ;a}nfO{ æl6K;Æ lbP . c?n] lnP, d]/f] lktfhLn] lng dfGg' ePg . of] b]v]/ c+u|]h emg\ v'zL eP/ æltdL Ol08ofdf hflu/ vfG5f}+ <Æ egL ;f]w] . a'afn] pko'Qm kb kfP vfG5' eGg'eof] . pxf“nfO{ t'?Gt} oxf“ vfOkfO{ cfPs} ;/xsf] kbdf lgo'lQm lbOof] . pxf“n] lgSs} /fd|f] sfd ug{'eof] . pxf“sf] Odfgbf/L / sfd b]v]/ c+u|]h ;/sf/ v'zL eof] . lktfhLsf] pGglt x'"b} uof] / ;/sf/n] pxf“nfO{ æ/fo ;fxjÆ eGg] kbjL klg lbof] . of] lvtfj kfpg] pxf“ klxnf] g]kfnL x'g'x'GYof] . xfd|f] 3/ agf/;df lyof] . To;a]nf Toxf“ a:g] ;a} g]kfnLx?sf] d'Vo s]Gb| xfd|} 3/ lyof] . lktfhLsf] pbf/ / ;xof]uL Jojxf/n] ubf{ ;a}hgf pxf“nfO{ cleefjs / ;+/Ifs h:t} dfGby] . @))# ;fndf aL=kL=agf/; cfpg'eof]– g]kfnLx?nfO{ ;+ul7t u/]/ Pp6f ;+ul7t agfpg] of]hgfn] . To;a]nf afnrGb| zdf{n] ev{/ Pd=P= ug'{ePsf] lyof] . pxf“ d]/} 3/df a:g'x'GYof] . O{Zj/ a/fn klg d]/} 3/df a:g' x'GYof] . c? klg y'k|} lyP . ;a}nfO{ e]nf ug]{ ;lhnf] 7fp“ d]/} 3/ lyof] . aL=kL=n] ;a}nfO{ e]6\g' eof] / eGg'eof]– æcj g]kfndf /f0ffzf;g x6fpg cfGbf]ng ug'{ k¥of], To;sf] nflu ;+u7g agfpg' k¥of] .Æ aL=kL=sf] k|:tfj ;'g]/ ;a} v'zL eP . ;a} /fhL eP . kmn:j?k ToxL+ æclvn g]kfnL /fli6]bg k]z u/]sf] lyp“ .

H /fhgLltaf6 s;/L 6f9f x'g'eof] t <

– k|hftGqk|lt d]/f] 7"nf] cf:yf / ljZjf; lyof] . clxn] klg 5 . /fhgLltaf6 6f9f eP klg efjgf t db}{g lg . /fhgLltaf6 s;/L 6f9f ep“ eg] d Pp6f dWod auL{o dfG5] . cfkm\gf 3/ hUuf a]rLa]rL kf6L{df nufp“ . d dxfTdf ufGwLaf6 k|efljt eP/ /fhgLltlt/ nfu]sf] lyp“ . d]/f] lktfhL / aL=kL=sf] lktfhLaLr /fd|f] lrghfg / ;DjGw lyof] . w]/} yf]/}nfO{ yfxf xf]nf– To;a]nf agf/;df æs[i0f–dfwj P08 sDkgLÆ v'n]sf] lyof] . s[i0f eg]sf] aL=kL=sf] lktfhL s[i0fk|;fb sf]O/fnf, dfwj eg]sf d]/f] sfsf …afa" dfwjk|;fbÚ . To;df d]/f] lktfhLn] cfly{s ;xof]u ug'{x'GYof] . Tof] sDkgLn] g]kfnL k':ts 5kfpg] / ljqmL ug]{ ub{Yof] . Tof] sDkgLn] g]kfnaf6 k':tsx? ;KnfO{sf] c8{/ kfpg yfNof] . xfdL Tof] k':tssf] aLr–aLrdf krf{x? xfn]/ k7fO{ lbGYof}+ . of] s'/f w/0fLw/hLnfO{ yfxf lyof], cj t pxf“ klg ljtL;Sg' eof] . Oltxf;sf] /fd|f] hfgsf/L x'g] dfG5]x? ljtL;s] . ;f“rf] Oltxf; s;n] n]Vg] < s;/L n]Vg] <=== /fhgLltaf6 s;/L 6f9f eP eg] Toqf] b'Mv / Tofu u/]/ k|hftGq NofOof], t/ k|hftGq cfpgf;fy emg\ cs}{ jftfj/0f kf] aGof] . Odfgbf/ / :jfledfgLx?sf] pk]Iff x'g yfNof] . d]/f] cfly{s l:ylt v/fj eO;s]sf] lyof] . t/ dnfO{ s;};+u s]xL dfUg dg nfu]g . df+u]sf] eP aL=kL=n] cjZo s]xL lbg' x'g] lyof] . s;};+u lz/ em'sfP/ s]xL dfUg'eGbf cfkm\g} Joj;fo u/]/ a:g] lgZro u/L k|]; nfOgdf nfu]+ . g/]Gb| oGqfno eGg] k]|; :yfkgf u/]+, 306f3/ glhs .

k|= vf]O t Tof] k|]; <

– kl5 Tof] klg 5f8]+ . @)!! ;fnlt/sf] s'/f xf] of] . Tof] k|];df w]/} dxTjk"0f{ s'/fx? 5flkPsf 5g\ . n]vgfy kf}8\ofnsf] lstfj 5fk]+ . afns[i0f ;dsf] 5fk]+ . Ps]8]dLsf] 5fk]+ . dft[sfafa' k|wfgdGqL x'g' ePsf] a]nf g]kfn ;/sf/sf] ah]6 g} 5fk]+ . ah]6 5fk]+, t/ Jofks lj/f]w ePsf]n] Tof] ah]6 k]z g} ePg . t/ d}n] To;sf] e'QmfgL kfp“– cy{ dGqfnoaf6 . To;a]nf cg]s sf08 eP . em\ofnL sf08n] t dnfO{ lgSs} df/ k¥of] . To;kl5 Jofkf/lt/ nfu]+ . Tof] klg ;kmn ePg . C0fdf 8'j]+ . To;kl5 xf]6]n nfOgdf nfu]+ . clxn] oxL+ ;fgf] nh -u}+8fsf]6sf] c+sN; nh_ rnfP/ a;]sf] 5' .

k|= s] xf] em\ofnL sf08 <

– To;a]nf d]/f] k|];af6 æem\ofnLÆgfdsf] klqsf lgl:sGYof] . To;a]nf l8NnL/d0f /]UdL, dxfjL/ zDz]/ / eb|sfnL ld>sf] Pp6f 8]lnu]zg lbNnL uPsf] lyof], ;/sf/sf] tkm{af6 . l8NnL/d0f /]UdL u[xdGqL lyP, eb|sfnL klg dGqL lyP, dxfaL/ zDz]/ sfpG;n/ xf] ls ;xfos sfpG;n/ lyP . lbNnLdf logLx?n] uf]Ko ;+emf}tf u/]5g\ . Tof] ;+emf}tf nfu" ePsf] eP g]kfn l;lSsd alg;s]sf] x'g] lyof] . of] s'/fnfO{ æem\ofnLÆn] rsf]{;+u p7fof] . k|e' zDz]/n] Tof] klqsf lgsfNy] . em\\ofnLn] of] e08fkmf]/ u/]kl5 d'2f rNof] . d]/f] k|];df tfnfjGbL ul/of] . l8NnL/d0fn] dnfO{ dfkmL dfUg eg] . d}n] eg]+– æd a? lev dfU5', dfkmL dflUbg . d}n] uNtL u/]sf] eP sf/jfxL u/, t/ ;Qfsf] b'?kof]u u/]/ b'Mv lbg] sfd gu/ .Æ ^ dlxgf;Dd k|]; lzN8 ul/of] . kl5 sldZg/ lji0f'dl0f, cfO{=hL=kL= 8L=/fhf / dlhi6 nf]xgLn] ædfkmL dfu] t'?Gt} ldnfO{ lbG5'Æ eGb} dfkmL dfUg eg] . d}n] eg]+– ædfkmL dfUg] eP klxNo} g} dfUg] lyp“ . uNtL g} gu/L dfkmL dfu'" <Æ pxf“n] w]/} hf]8 ug'{eof] / 3'dfP/ dfkmL dfu] klg ldnfO{ lbG5' eGg'eof] . cGTodf d}n] n]v+]– æd}n] sfg"g cg';f/ s'g} uNtL gu/]sf] eP tfklg ;/sf/n] dfkmL dfUg eg]sf]n] dfkmL dfU5' .Æ To;kl5 ;/sf/ / d]/f]aLr ;+emf}tf eof] . ;/sf/n] k|]; km's'jf u¥of], d}n] d'2f lkmtf{ lnp“ . d}n] ;'g] cg';f/, Tof] ;f“rf] lyof] jf unt lyof] yfxf 5}g, Tof] ;+emf}tfdf g]kfnn] ;]gf g/fVg], ;]gfsf] nflu ul/g] vr{ ljsf;df nufpg], g]kfnsf] ;'/Iff ef/tn] ul/lbg], k//fi6f nfu" ePgg\ . dlGqd08nn] kf; u/]kl5, nfndf]x/ nufpg' cl3 g} dlGqd08n lj36g u/]/ klg /fhf dx]Gb|n] To;nfO{ 6fn] . of] b]z arfpg /fhf dx]Gb|sf] b]g 5 .

k|= g]tfx?n] rflx+ lsg To:tf] ;+emf}tf u/]sf xf]nfg\ < emg 8f= /]UdLh:tf] TofuL g]tfn] ====

– sf] TofuL xf], sf] s] xf] eGg] s'/f jf:tljstf a'em]kl5 dfq yfxf x'G5 . TofuL xf]nfg\, t/ oqf] ;Dklt sxf“af6 cfof] < eb|sfnLsf] Toqf] ;Dklt sxf“af6 cfof] < xfdLsxf“ df}sf k¥of] eg] ;a} g]tfx? ljSg] /x]5g\ .

k|= kf6L{sf g]tfx?eGbf /fhf a9L /fi6– /fhfn] t /fi6H c? kf6L{eGbf sDo'lgi6 kf6L{ a9L /fi6– dnfO{ yfxf 5}g . t/ aflx/ /fi6H sf++u|]; lg <

– d}n] /fhgLlt 5f]8]sf] w]/} eO;Sof] . sf+u|];l;t klg s'g} ;DjGw 5}g . @))& ;fnkl5 aL=kL=/ dft[sf sf]O/fnfsxf“ dnfO{ h'g;'s} a]nf klg hfg kfpg] / a]8?dd} hfg ;Sg] 5'6 lyof] . d}n] aL=kL=n] af/Djf/ ef/tsf] k|:tfjk|lt c;xdlt hgfpg' ePsf] ;'g]sf] 5' . PskN6 d uPsf] a]nf aL=kL= s;}nfO{ elg/xg' ePsf] lyof]– ef/tLox? oxf“ cfkm\gf] cfO{=hL=kL= agfpg rfxG5g\, s] ltgLx?n] eGb}df Ol08og cfO{=hL=kL= /fv'" < d t dflGbg .

k|= cj /fhgLlt ug]{ dg 5}g <

– k6Ss} 5}g . j? 3[0ff nfU5 . /fhgLlt eg]sf] ;]jf xf] . t/ cfh /fhgLltdf nfUg' eg]sf] b]z / hgtfnfO{ n'6\g hfg' ePsf] 5 .

k|= /fhgLlt kLl8tsf] gftfn] s'g} ;'ljwf lng'eof] <

– cx", lnOg . Pp6f lgj]bg lbg';\ eg]sf lyP, t/ lbOg . dg nfu]g . O{Zj/sf] bofn] vfg k'lu/x]sf] 5 . k|hftGqsf ;]gfgLx?n] cfkm"n] dfUg' kg]{ xf] ls ;/sf/n] pgLx?nfO{ vf]hLvf]hL lbg' kg]{ xf] < c? b]zdf :jtGqtf ;]gfgLx?nfO{ slt ;Ddfg / ;'ljwf lbOG5, t/ oxf“ vf]O{ <

k|= g]=sf=nfO{ klxn] To:tf] ;xof]u u/]sf]df k5'tf] 5 <

– 5}g . cfkm\gf] cf:yf / l;4fGtsf sf/0fn] ;xof]u u/]sf]df s] sf] k5'tf] <

k|= g]kfnL sf+u|];sf] dfof“ nfU5 <

– cfkm"n] hGdfPsf] s'/fsf] dfof“ s;nfO{ nfUb}g < d}n] cfkm\gf] hjfgL oxL kf6L{df nufp“ . ;f/f ;Dklt nufp“ . kl/jf/sf dfG5]x? l/;fP . cfkm"n] x'sf{Psf] ;fgf] lj?jfsf] t dfof“ nfU5 eg] Toqf] b'Mv u/]/ agfPsf] x'sf{Psf] kf6L{sf] dfof“ lsg gnfUg' < sf+u|];n] of] d'n's / hgtfsf] 7"nf] ;]jf u/]sf] 5 . g]=sf= gePsf] eP b]zdf k|hftGq cfpg] lyPg .

k|= sf+u|];sf] sfdl;t ;Gt'i6 x'g'x'G5 <

– ;Gt'i6 5}g . sf+u|];sf] dfq x}g c? kf6L{sf] sfdl;t klg ;Gt'i6 5}g . k|hftGq eg]sf] oxL xf] t < olQsf] nflu qmflGt ul/Psf] xf] t < of] b]zsf] nflu ;+j}wflgs /fhtGq ;lxtsf] ax'bnLo Joj:yf g} pko'Qm 5 . t/ kf6L{x?n] OdfGbf/L;fy of] Joj:yfnfO{ an k'¥ofO/x]sf] b]lvb}g . ;a} kf6L{ / g]tfx? d'n'snfO{ n'6\g d} Jo:t 5g\ . To;}n] e|i6frf/ a9]sf] xf] . sf+u|];sf] dfdnfdf t d]/f] s] eGg' 5 eg] g]tfx?sf] emu8fn] ubf{ kf6L{ lalu|of] . kf6L{sf] 5lj lalu|of] . e|i6frf/ sG6

dgsf] uf“7f]

ca s;sf] e/f];f ug]{

uf]s0f{ jtf}{nf

clxn] d'n'ssf] x/]s If]q c:tJo:t 5 . To;sf] d'Vosf/0f /fhgLltdf b]lvPsf] cl:y/tf / clglZrttf xf] . To;}n] ;j{k|yd xfd|f] b]zsf g]tfx?n] /fhgLltdf pTkGg cljZjf;sf] jftfj/0f ;dfKt kfg'{ cfjZos 5 . cfh hgtfsf] cfjfh a'nGb kfg{ k7fOPsf k|ltlglwx?n] d'n'ssf] lrGtf 5f]l8;s]sf] cj:yf 5 . ;+;b cj?4 ePsf] 5 . o;n] hgtfdf /fd|f] ÚDof;]hÚ uPsf] 5}g .

k|hftGqk|flKtsf] n8fO{df Hofgsf] k|jfx g} gu/L ;+3if{df plqPsf xfd|f g]tfx?n] Pp6f ;fgf] ;d:ofsf] lgsf; vf]Hg g;Sg'sf] sf/0f s] < s] pxf“x?df To:tf] Ifdtf 5}g < /fhgLlt dfq x}g . d'n'ssf] Jofkfl/s, lzIff, :jf:Yo, ko{6g ;a} If]q c:tJo:t 5 . dGqLx? ;d:ofsf] lg/fs/0ftkm{ lqmofzLn /x]sf] kfOPsf] 5}g . Ps–b'O{hgf afx]s jt{dfg dlGqd08nsf s'g} klg ;b:on] hgtf / kf6L{ sfo{stf{x?sf] rfxgf cg'?ksf] sfd ug{ ;s]sf 5}gg\ . h;n] ubf{ k|hftGq dfly wfjf af]Ng] zlQmx?sf] dgf]an a9]sf] 5 .

dGqfnosf] sfd ug]{ / gLlt tyf sfo{qmd to u/]/ d'n'snfO{ cufl8 a9fpg] lhDd]jf/L kfPsf xfd|f dGqLx? s]jn sfo{qmd pb\3f6g ug{ d} a9L ;do Jo:t /xG5g\ . x'"bf x'"bf t lhNnf lhNnfdf ;L=8L=cf]=x? klg ca cfkm\gf] lhDd]jf/L cg'?k sfd ug'{sf] ;§f sfo{qmd pb\3f6g ug{ / efif0f ug{df Jo:t /x]sf] kfOG5 . o:tf] k|j[lQnfO{ c/fhstf geg]/ s] eGg] < o; k|sf/sf] pb\3f6g k|j[lQsf] zL3| cGTo x'g' h?/L 5 . lhDd]jf/ kbdf a;]sfx?n] cfkm\gf] cd"No ;do pb\3f6gdf nufp“bf d'n'snfO{ slt ef/ k/]sf] 5 eGg] s'/f hf] ;'s}n] ;xh} cg'dfg ug{ ;S5 < cfkm\gf] sfo{ ;Ldf dxTj / lhDd]jf/L ga'em\g] JolQmx?n] d'n'ssf nflu s] ug{ ;Snfg\ < ;a} cfkm\gf] lhDd]jf/Laf6 klG5g] xf] eg] hgtfn] s;sf] e/f];f vf]Hg] < x]gkf–!!, gjnk'/, dsjfgk'/

eQf ksfp–s';L{ l6sfp

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xfd|f] ;dfh clzIff, u/LaL, bl/b|tf / c1fgtfsf sf/0fn] ubf{ g} g]kfnLx? ax'd'vL zf]if0fsf] lzsf/ ePsf 5g\ . z}lIfs ;dfgtfsf kIfdf …eQf ksfp / s';L{ l6sfpÚ cleofgsf] jl/kl/ a/flnPsfn] /fhg}lts ljs[ltsf] h8 :ynsf ?kdf z}lIfs ultljlwsf] l;+xfjnf]sg x'g g;Sg' /fHosf lglDt sn+s ;fljt e};s]sf] 5 . @)!&–)$& ;fn;Ddsf] /fhg}lts b'/fj:yfn] /fli6 . o:tf cg]sf}+ j]lyltx?af6 /fHonfO{ arfpg / lzIffsf] :t/ dfly prfNg jt{dfg lzIff k|0ffnLdf cfd"n kl/jt{g x'g' cfjZos 5 .

jt{dfg kl/j]zdf lzIff gLltdf ;fdflhs, ;f+:s[lts, cfly{s, g}lts, k|fof]lus cflb kIfx?;+u ;DalGwt ljljw k|;+usf ljifox? / tT;DaGwL ;d:ofx?sf] ;dfwfgdf hf]8 lbg' cfjZos 5 . o;sf cltl/Qm xfd|f] snf–sf}zn, d7–dlGb/, jg–h+un, vf]nf–gfnfx?sf] ;+/If0f / ;Daw{gdf jt{dfg lzIff k|0ffnLn] ljz]if e"ldsf lgjf{x ug'{ klg plQs} h?/L 5 . cGoyf, clxn] xfdL h'g ?kdf ljZjsf cGo ljsl;t tyf ljsf;f]Gd'v /fi6n'ssf] lzIffsf] :t/ psf:g] sfd ug'{ k¥of] . sfo{qmd agfpg' k¥of] . 

eQmk'/ ax'd'vL SofDk;, eQmk'/

hgdt ;a}sf nflu dfGo x'g'k5{

wd{ ltldlN;gf

;+;b clwj]zg z'? ePsf] Ps dlxgf lalt;Sbf klg ;+;bsf] Pp6} a}7s klg a:g ;s]sf] 5}g . cWofb]zåf/f nfu" ug{ nfluPsf] ;z:q k|x/L an u7g ;DaGwL ljw]os cnkqdf k/]sf] 5 . b]zdf pTkGg u+eL/ ljifox?df 5nkmn x'g'kg]{ ;+;b o;/L cj?4 x'g' lgZrog} ;+;bLo Joj:yfsf lglDt b'Mvb s'/f xf] . ;+;bLo k|0ffnL ePsf] d'n'sdf ;+;b To:tf] ynf] xf], h;n] /fHo ;+rfngsf lglDt ;a}eGbf dxTjk"0f{ e"ldsf lgjf{x u/]sf] x'G5 . b]zdf nfu" x'g] sfg"gx? o;}n] lgdf{0f ub{5 . b]zdf pTkGg hNbfaNbf ;d:ofsf] af/]df u+eL/ 5nkmn ug]{ d"n ynf] klg ;+;b g} xf] . d'n'ssf x/]s ;d:ofsf] ;dfwfg ;+;baf6} ;+ej 5 . o:tf] ;j{zlQmdfg ;+;bnfO{ g} cj?4 ul/g' slQsf] ;fGble{s s'/f xf]– ;a} ;r]t gful/sx?n] ;f]Rg] a]nf cfPsf] 5 .

k|wfgdGqL x6fpg] gfddf ;+;bnfO{ cj?4 ul/g' ;fGble{s 5}g . k|wfgdGqL ;+;beGbf 7"nf] cjZo klg x}g . clxn]sf] kl/k|]Iodf k|wfgdGqLn] nfp8f Po/ k|s/0fdf ;f“lRrs} e|i6frf/ u/]sf] xf] eg] ;+;bLo cEof;af6} x6fpg'k5{ . ;+;bdf ax'dt u'dfO;s]sf] JolQm sbflk k|wfgdGqLsf] ?kdf /lx/xg ;Sb}g . t/ d'9]ansf] e/df ;+;bdf k|wfgdGqLsf] ax'dt x'"bf x'"b} x6fpg vf]Hg'nfO{ ;+;bLo Joj:yfsf] d"No dfGotfnfO{ ga'em]sf] 7xl/g]5 .

;+;bdf k|d'v k|ltkIfsf] e"ldsf cToGt 7"nf] x'G5 . k|d'v k|ltkIfn] g} ;/sf/nfO{ af6f] la/fPdf ;xL af6f]df Nofpg] sfd u5{ . olb ;+;baf6 ;/sf/nfO{ ;xL af6f]df Nofpg g;lsPdf ufp“ ufp“df uP/ hgtfnfO{ ;';'lrt u/fO{ ;/sf/sf v/faLx? cf}Nofpg] clwsf/ k|ltkIfnfO{ 5 . hgtfn] h;nfO{ ljZjf; u5{g\, p;}n] /fHo ;+rfng ug{ kfpg] s'/f ax'bnLo Joj:yfdf gf}nf] s'/f xf]Og .

lgisif{df s] eGg ;lsG5 eg] clxn]sf] cj:yfdf k|d'v k|ltkIfn] ;+;baf6} ;d:ofsf] ;dfwfg vf]Hg'k5{ / ;QfkIfn] klg cfkm\gf sdL, sdhf]/Lx? ;+;b ;dIf /fVg'k5{ / ;Rofpg' k5{ . o;}n] g} ;+;bLo Joj:yfnfO{ ;jn agfpg d2t u5{ .

– d}ltb]jL, sf7df8f}+

hl6ntf / To;sf] lgsf;

k|sfzs'df/ e§/fO{

hgtfn] lgjf{lrt u/fP/ k7fPkl5 ;a} lhNnfsf ;f+;bx? 3fg eP/ xf“8Ldf hflsG5g\ . sf]xL el/nf km"n eP/ lg:sG5g\ sf]xL 7]6\gfsf], 7]6\gf eP/ aflx/ lg:sG5g\ . kmnfdsf kmfnL v]nfpg klg d'lZsn kg]{x?sf] xftdf ;'gsf kmfnL k/]kl5 pTkft gldlRrg] t s'/} ePg . ;a} ef]sf–ltvf{Psf / gf+ufx?sf] eL8, s';L{sf] xfgfxfg, dfOs tfgftfg, :jf:gLsf] sfgdf b'O{ tf]nf ;'g, d'Gb|L, cf]7df bfdL lnlkli6s, geP t ;f+;b x'g'sf] s] cy{ <

csf]{lt/ rLgdf kfgL kbf{ g]kfndf 5ftf cf]9\g] . k'l6gnfO{ vf]sL nfUbf oxf“ leS; vfg] . ?;df lxp“ kbf{ oxf“ cfuf] tfKg] sfd klg Psyl/sf] 5 . zxLbsf ;kgfx? k"/f ug{ cfPsfx?n] cd"No ;kgfx?nfO{ slxNo} gv'Ng] uf]bfddf /fVg] sfd ub}{gg\ . g]tfx? h]n a;]sf] eQf vf]Hb}5g\ . hgtfx? rflx+ if8oGqsf lzsf/ ePsf 5g\ . ;f+;bx? rflx+ if8oGqsf lzsf/ ePsf tL hgtf dfly /Tof}nL v]Ngdf Jo:t /xG5g\ . ca t hgtf / hgg]tfx?sf] ;DjGw lzj / kfj{tL -zlQm_sf] h:tf] x'g''kg]{ t/ s+zsf] h:tf] eO/x]5 . ;fydf hlxn] klg pgLx?sf] hgtf kmsfpg] :tf]q 5b}5 . d'n'ssf] s'g} c+u k|To+u :j:Yo 5}gg\ . ;+ljwfgsf] wf/f kfgL ;'s]sf wf/fh:tf ePsf 5g\ . hgtfsf nflu dxfg x'g s] s:tf ;d:ofx?n] pgLx?nfO{ sf]lk/x]sf 5g\ . To;nfO{ b"/ ug{ 7f]; sfo{qmdx? Nofpg'k5{ .

clxn] kmnfd tft]sf] 5 . To;nfO{ cfkm"n] rfx] adf]lhdsf] ?k lbg ;lsG5 kl5 ;]nfof] eg] hlt;'s} 7f]sf]–lk7f] u/] klg s]xL x'g]jfnf 5}g . ;do jnjfg 5 . jt{dfg ;/sf/sf] af6f] d'nfod dvdnLsf] el/k"0f{ ePsf] geO{ sf“8f / 9'+ufsf luvf{ luvf{n]o'Qm 5 . k|To]s kfOnfdf xf]lzof/L gu/] /ut lkR5] x'gj]/ 5}g . clg t hgtfn] ;/sf/nfO{ h'd|fn] nf;nfO{ 5f]8]h:tf] u/]/ 5f]l8lbG5g\ . ctM clxn] ;donfO{ h] h;/L eP klg cfo' nDAofpg] sfd rflx+ ug'{x'Gg .

– gof“afg]Zj/, sf7df8f}+

cy{rqm

cy{ dGqfnosf] s5'jf rfn

rfn" cfly{s jif{sf] jh]6 sfof{Gjogdf NofOPsf] * dlxgf lalt;Sof] t/ klg o;sf] dWofjlw d"Nof+sg ug]{ sfd >L % sf] ;/sf/af6 ePsf] 5}g . æjh]6n] /fv]sf nIox? k|flKtsf] nflu af“8kmf“8 ePsf] jh]6sf] lgsf; ;dodf eof], ePg, cfGtl/s ;|f]t kl/rfngsf] cfwf/ /fh:j c;'nLsf] a[l4b/ s:tf] /x]sf] 5, ljsf; vr{df s] s:tf] k|ult eof]Æ nufotsf ljifox? jh]6sf] dWofjlw d"Nof+sgdf k|i6 ul/G5 . cBlk cy{ dGqfnon] o; ;DaGwL cfkm\gf] egfO{ ;fj{hlgs u/]sf] 5}g .

g]kfn /fi6{ Psflt/ cJol:yt 5 / ljsf;df vf; To;sf] c;/ k/]sf] b]lvb}g . csf{lt/ oxf“ /sd 5'6\ofpg] k|j[lQdfq} a9\g yfn]sf]n] k|ltkmn k|flKtsf] u'~hfo; Go"g x'g uPsf] 5 .

lbuf] cfly{s ljsf;sf nflu cfGtl/s /fh:j kl/rfng Pp6f dxTjk"0f{ ljifo xf] . t/ d"No clej[l4 s/sf] sdhf]/ sfof{Gjogsf sf/0f /fh:j c;'nL b/ dha'b aGg ;s]sf] 5}g . e/v/} lgo'Qm x'g' ePsf cy{dGqL 8f=/fdz/0f dxtn] of] jif{ clxn];Dd !^) hgf dfq} Jofkf/L dfq}n] Eof6 lt/]sf] atfpg'n] /fh:j kl/rfngsf] l:yltnfO{ k|i6 ub{5 . eG;f/ c;'nLdf cj}w lqmofsnfk eP /fh:j p7\g ;s]g eg]/ >L % sf] ;/sf/n] eG;f/ u:tLsf] lhDdf zfxL g]kfnL ;]gfnfO{ lbPsf] 5 . pBf]u wGbfx?sf] cj:yf cToGt} gfh's 5 . ljb]zL ;+o'Qm nufgLsf sDkgLx?af6 ljb]zLx? nufgL ;lxt lkmtf{ x'g] wDsL ;/sf/nfO{ lbO/x]sf 5g\ . cyf{t\ /fh:j c;'nLsf] b/ dhj'b aGg g;s]sf] xfd|f] b]zdf s'g} sf/0f a? ljb]zL ;xfotf /f]lsPdf lgsf;L vr{sf] /sd dfq} s6f}tL ug'{kg]{ x'G5 . /fh:j c;'nL sdhf]/ x'"bf ljsf; vr{df dfq s6f}tL x'g] x}g ljb]zL ;xfotf pkof]u ubf{ cfjZos kg]{ Doflrª km08 hDdf ug{ klg ;lsb}g . /fh:j c;'nLsf] b/ clxn] !! k|ltzt dfq} /x]sf] 5 . t/ of] c+s a9fpg] ;fdfGo k|of; klg ePsf] 5 ls 5}g cy{ dGqfnon] hfgsf/L ;d]t lb+b}g . /fh:j a[l4b/ a9fpg g;Sg] ljsf; vr{sf] /sd a[l4tkm{ s;/t gug]{ xf] / ;fdfGo vr{ dfq} a9fp“b} hfg] xf] eg] g]kfndf cfly{s ljsf;sf] gf/f lg/y{s ;fljt x'G5 . To;dfly klg ;fj{hlgs vr{sf] cJoj:yfkg, of]hgf ljgf vr{ ul/g] / k|fyldstfdf gk/]sf kl/of]hgfx? ;[hgf u/L /sd ljlgof]hg ug]{ k|j[lQn] b]zsf] cfly{s ljsf;nfO{ c;+ej agfPsf] 5 .

rfn" cf=j=sf] jh]6 k'l:tsf cWoog ubf{ jh]6n] ;+s]t u/]sf gLltut kl/jt{gx? x'g ;s]sf 5}gg\ . jh]6 dfkm{t\ NofOPsf gLltut kl/jt{gnfO{ sfg"gL ?k lbg] lxp“b] clwj]zgsf] lgoldt sf/jfxL cf/De ePsf] ef]lnkN6b]lv g} ;+;b cj?4 x'"b} cfPsf] 5 . ;+;bsf] lgoldt sf/jfxLn] ult lng gkfP klg ;/sf/L ;+oGqn] sfd ul/lbPsf] eP x'GYof] . t/ ;/sf/L ;+oGqn] sfd u/]s} /x]g5 . jh]6n] cf}NofPsf gLltut kl/jt{g -P]g ;+zf]wg_sf ljw]os ;+;b ;lrjfnodf k'u]s} 5}gg\ . cy{ dGqfno ;"qn] lbPsf] hfgsf/L cg';f/– jh]6df pNn]v ul/Psf w]/} sfdn] clxn];Dd klg ult lnPsf 5}gg\ . x'"b} u/]sf / ug{ nfos sfd eg]sf ;fj{hlgs vr{ k'g/fjnf]sg cfof]usf] u7g / s]xL cfly{s P]gx?sf] ;+zf]wg / gof“ d:of}bf dfq x'g\ . af“sL ;a}sf x'g\ af“sL g} 5g\ .

jh]6n] u/LaL 36fpg] sfo{nfO{ ;jf]{kl/ nIo dfg]sf] lyof] t/ clxn];Dd u/LaL lgjf/0f sf]if :yfkgf x'g ;s]sf] 5}g . dfcf]jfbL If]qsf] af:s]6 kml08ªsf] xfnt klg To:t} 5 . lhNnf :t/df of] sfo{qmd nfu" ug{ ;lsPsf] 5}g . u/Lj;+u ljZj]Zj/ sfo{qmdsf] gof“ ;+/rgf tof/ ug]{ s'/f jh]6df pNn]v ul/of] . ;+/rgf tof/ ePsf] bfjL klg u/]sf] 5 . t/ To;n] sfo{ ;+rfng / ;Dkfbgdf s:tf] km/s NofPsf] 5 s]xL atfOPsf] 5}g . g t tL sfo{qmd ;+rfng ug]{x?df pT;fxg} 5 . /fli6jh]6 efif0fdf $) xhf/ d]l6li6}Bf]lus gLlt, ef/t / rLgaf6 cfoft ePsf] ;:tf sk8fsf] df/af6 g]kfnL sk8f pBf]unfO{ hf]ufpg] k|lt:kwL{ a9fpg] gLltsf s'/f s] eP < 8]/L Joj:yfkgsf] xfnt klg To:t} 5 . /fli6>L % sf] ;/sf/sf] jflif{s jh]6 / sfo{qmd dfkm{t\ NofOPsf ljsf; sfo{qmdx?sf] of] jif{ a]xfn x'g] l:ylt b]vf k¥of] . cy{ dGqfno pRr ;"qsf cg';f/, dGqfnodf cfOk'u]sf]] ljsf; vr{sf] tYof+s ;f“lRrs} u+eL/ 5 . df3;Dsf] k|f/lDes tYof+s s]nfp“bf casf] cfly{s jif{b]lv ;Dk"0f{ ljsf;sf] lhDdf ;]gf, k|zf;g / k|x/LnfO{ ;'Dkg' kg]{ l:ylt b]lvG5 . cy{ ;"q eG5– l:ylt x]bf{ clxn] ljsf; jh]6 lgs} sd cyf{t\ ljlgof]lht jh]6sf] @ k|ltzt dfq} vr{ ePsf] 5 . ;fwf/0f vr{ c:jefljs ?kn] a9]sf] 5 . h] xf];\ ljsf; vr{ ljlgof]lht ljsf; jh]6sf] @^ k|ltzt lyof] . ;fwf/0f vr{ kf]xf]/sf] t'ngfdf clxn] !) k|ltzt a9]/ @$ k|ltzt k'u]sf] 5 . zflGt ;'/Iff, tna eQf, k]G;g cflbsf sf/0faf6 ;fwf/0f vr{ x\jfQ} a9]sf] xf] . zflGt ;'/Iffsf cefjsf sf/0f ljsf; sfo{ /f]lsPsf] 5 . rfn" cf=j=sf] jh]6 jQmJodf >L % sf] ;/sf/n] %# c/a /fh:j p7\g] nIo lnPsf] lyof] . t/ clxn];Dddf @! c/a $^ s/f]8 dfq} /fh:j ;+sng ePsf] 5 . clxn] ePsf] /fh:j ;+sngsf] l:yltnfO{ b[li6ut u/]/} xf]nf >L % sf] ;/sf/ of] cfly{s jif{df nIo u/] cg';f/sf] /fh:j gp7\g] 6'+uf]df k'u]sf] 5 . /fh:j r'xfj6 g]kfnsf] cy{tGqsf] ;jeGbf 7"nf] ;d:of xf] . r'xfj6nfO{ lgoGq0f ug{ /fh:j p7\tLsf] l:ylt ;fj{hlgs vr{sf] t'ngfdf ;Gtf]ifhgs agfpg ;ls+b}g . b]zsf] cfly{s l:ylt r'gf}tLk"0f{ cj:yfdf /x]sf] jt{dfg ;Gbe{df /fh:j k|zf;g k|efjsf/L geP g]kfnL cy{tGqsf] eljio gePsf] 3f]if0ff cy{dGqL 8f=/fdz/0f dxtn] ul/;Sg' ePsf] 5 . b]zsf] s'n a}+lsª sf/f]af/df ^% k|ltzt lx:;f cf]u6\g] g]kfn a}+s / /fli6

kl/qmdf

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tL egfOx? x'g\ cfkm}++n] cfkm"nfO{ æclt ;+jb]gzLnÆ JolQmTjsf] ?kdf 3f]lift ug]{, cln a9L bfz{lgs, w]/} dfqfdf oyfy{jfbL, dlxnfk|ltsf] b[li6sf]0fnfO{ cfnf]rs eP/ k|:t't ug{ rfxg] b]zs} Ps af}l4s JolQmTj 8f= b'uf{k|;fb e08f/Lsf] xf] / cfh oxf“ 8f=e08f/Lsf] cfTdk/s lgaGw ;+u|x Úd[u:ynLÚsf] af/]df ;fgf] l6Kk0fL dfq ug{ nfluPsf] xf] .

x'g t 8f= e08f/Lsf] ;[hgf dfly of] k+lQmsf/n] snd rnfpg' eg]sf] ;"o{sf] cufl8 lbof] b]vfpg' hlQs} xf] . sf/0f, of] k+lQmsf/;+u g pxf“sf] hlt cWoog, g cg'ej g t ;[hgfzLntf g} 5 tfklg Pp6f kf7ssf] gftfn] ;fj{hlgs ;DklQsf] ?kdf :yflkt e};s]sf pxf“sf s[ltx?sf af/] dt hfx]/ ug]{ clwsf/ 5 . 8f=e08f/Lsf ;Dk"0f{ ts{x?;+u ;xdlt hf] s;}sf] gx'g klg ;S5 / ToxL hf] sf]xL leq of] k+lQmsf/ klg kg{ ;S5] t/ klg pxf“sf ;'dw'/ / ;/n ts{;+ut oL k+lQmx?k|lt ztk|ltzt ;xdlt 5, pxf“ eGg'x'G5– æoxf“ w'g 5, Wjlg 5}g, ts{xLgtf 5, ts{ 5}g, la;+ult a9L 5, ;+ult sd, sf“8f / km"nx?, d[To' / hLjg, k|sfz / cGwsf/ ;fy;fy} uO/x]sf x'G5g\ .Æ

;dfh / /fi6oxf“sf lg0f{ostf{x? hlt e|i6frf/L x'g ;s] plt g} ;Ddfg / ;'ljwf kfp“bf /x]5g\ . ;+o'Qm ;/sf/leqsf] -tTsfnLg ;/sf/_ Ps 36s t o:tf] 5, hf] c/af}+sf] e|i6frf/ u/] klg ;lhn}l;t kfrg ug]{ Ifdtf /fVbf]/x]5 . e|i6frf/ ug]{ of]Uotfsf] kmn:j?k cfkm" ljb]z hf“bf 5f]/f5f]/L gf]s/ rfs/ ;a}nfO{ s'6g}lts /fxbfgL dlGqd08nsf] lg0f{o u/fP/ agfpg ;Sbf]/x]5 . ;+o'Qm /fi6pxf“sf] pk/f]Qm egfO b]zsf] ;Rrf gful/s cyf{t\ b]znfO{ dfof ug]{ y'k|} gful/sx?sf] bb{ af]n]sf] 5; ;dfhn] To:tf gful/sx? dfly ug]{ pk]Iff af]n]sf] 5; ;/sf/df a:g]x?k|ltsf] Jo+Uo af]n]sf] 5 / af]n]sf] 5 ljjz gful/ssf] g}/fZotf clg nfrf/Lkgn] NofPsf] knfogjfb h'g xfnsf] cj:yfdf htftt} JofKt 5 / ;dod} ;r]t gx'g] xf] eg] o;sf] k|ltkmn ;Dk"0f{ /fi6o:t} wgL / u/LaaLrsf] cGt/ b]vfpg] pxf“sf] z}nL Hofb} dfld{s / sf?l0fs 5; c>'kfl/t gog / x[boljbf/s ;f]rn] el/k"0f{ 5 . pxf“ n]Vg'x'G5– æoxf“ b'O{6f nf;x? hln/x]sf lyP– Pp6f clt / ;DkGg kl/jf/af6 cfPsf] nf; lyof] . Pp6fsf] lrtfsf] 9f“rf klg ;DkGgtfsf] va/ lbGYof], csf]{sf] lrtf ljkGgtfsf] va/ lbGYof] . Pp6f lrtfsf sf7x? 7"nf 7"nf lyP, p“rfO{{ a9L lyof], sf7x?sf aLr aLrdf rGbg\, sf7sf 6'qmfx? l5/fPsf b]lvGy] . £o", sk'/ cflb ;'ulGwt pks/0fn] ;';lHht lyof] . dnfdLx?sf] ;+Vof klg 7"nf] lyof], cf“;'sf] dfqf klg w]/} lyof] . nueu ;a} dnfdLx? lrNnf ufnf ePsf, w]/} ef]hg u/]sf h:tf b]lvGy] . d[To'df klg cfly{s ;DkGgtf b]vfP/ cx+sf/nfO{ kIfkf]if0f ug{ ;lsbf]/x]5 eg]/ d}n] dgdg} ljrf/ u/]+ . csf]{ nf;sf dnfdL w]/} sd lyP– s/La tLg rf/ hgf . Pp6f s/La tL;–k}+}tL; jif{sf] o'js–zfob afnssf] afa' clt 7"nf] :j/n] ?"b} afnsnfO{ ;DemfO{ a'emfO{ ug]{ k|oTg ul//x]sf] lyof] . ===Tof] nf;sf] lrtf w]/} kftnf] lyof]– sf7eGbf a9L k/fn lyof] . d dgdg} efjs' x'"b} up“ s;/L hLjgel/sf] ;fdflhs /f]u, /fhg}lts s'Joj:yf, cfly{s c;dfgtf d[To'df klg k|ltlalDat x'"bf]/x]5 . c? s]xL ug{ g;s] klg nf;x?nfO{ t ;dfg ?kn] hnfpg] Joj:yf ug'{kg]{ lyof] . xfd|f /fhgLlt1x?n], xfd|f ;dfhsf ;~rfnsx?n], xfd|f ;f+;b / ljwfosx?n] .Æ

h'g;'s} /fhg}lts cf:yf /fVg]x?sf] xf];\ ;f]rfO{sf] k|s[lt Pp6} b]lvG5, s]jn To;nfO{ JofVof ug]{ zAbx? km/s xf]nfg\ / cfzo Pp6} xf] s]jn eflifs cGt/ xf]nfg\ / ljrf/ Ps} k|sf/sf x'G5g\ s]jn k9\g] kf7sx? km/s xf]nfg\ / ToxL km/s kf7ssf] clnslt Wofg tfGg ;Sg';\ Toxf“ kf]lvPsf] ljrf/nfO{ yf]/} dfqfdf eP klg cfTd;ft u/fpg ;Sg' g} n]vsLo v'aL dfGg] xf] eg] 8f=e08f/Ldf Tof] v'aL k|z:t} 5 / To:tf y'k|} dd{x? ;d]l6Psf 5g\ Úd[u:ynLÚleq . 8f= e08f/Lsf] n]vgsf] csf]{ kIf 5– ædlxnf ljifoÆ . pxf“ dlxnfsf ljifodf k|z:t} snd rnfpg'x'G5; dlxnf kIfnfO{ hgfpg] ækmf]d]lggÆ kIfnfO{ h;sf] cy{ u|fxL s?0ffk"0f{, k|]dk"0f{, cGt/d'vL, a'l4dfly x[bosf] ljho, tsf{tLt, ;dtfefj, ;Dk"0f{ k|f0fLx?nfO{ cfkm\g} ;Gtfg ;/x 7fGg', afx\o ljho / lx+;fdfly cf:yf g/fVg' cflb cflb x'g\ eg]/ kl/eflift ub}{ ckToIf ?kn] tL kIfsf] ;/fx|gf klg ug'{x'G5 t/ csf]{tkm{ pxf“ ældgfIfLÆ gfds kfq v8f u/]/ ToxL kfq dfkm{t\ pxf“ cfkm\gf] ljrf/ o;/L JoQm ug'{x'G5– æs'g} a]nf ltdL ;+;f/sf gf/LjfbL k'?ifx?l;t sd qm'4 b]lvGYof], gf/LjfbL gf/Lx?l;t a9L qm'4 b]lvGYof}+, ltgLx?sf] w]/} s'/fx?l;t c;xdlt b]vfp“Yof} . ltdLleqsf] gf/LTj lj/f]w ub}{ lyof]– tL gf/LTj ljrng / gf/LTj e~hgfsf clt/l~ht k|of;x? l;t .Æ zfob / o:t} o:t} ljrf/ / l6Kk0fLn] ubf{ pxf“l;t c;xdlt hgfpg] hdft klg 7"n} 5 / zfob / o:t} ts{n] ubf{ pxf“k|lt -ljz]iftM dlxnfsf] ;DaGwdf–ljifodf_ gsf/fTds ;f]r /fVg] JolQmx?sf] klg sdL 5}g . t/ pxf“n] dlxnfsf] ljifodf kLl8t dlxnfx?sf] kIfaf6 w]/} dfld{s cfjfh p7fpg' ePsf] 5 . o;sf] Pp6f pbfx/0f r]nLa]6L a]rlavgsf] af/]df pxf“sf] of] cfjfhnfO{ lng ;lsG5MÆ g]kfnL r]nLx? ef/tLo ahf/df cToflws ;+Vofdf laqmL x'G5g\ . of] tYof+s cfkm}+df Ps r'gf}tL xf] . xfd|f] /fli6 808faf6 cfPsf] kl/jt{g :yfoL x'"b}g .Æ

8f=e08f/Lsf] eflifs ;/ntf / zflAbs dfw'o{tfsf] tfl/km t hlt u/] klg sd g} x'G5 . pxf“sf n]vx? k9\g' eg]sf] dg / dl:tisnfO{ zfGt /fVg k'/fgf uLt / ;+uLt ;'Gg' hlQs} xf] en} Toxf“ s]xL c;xdlt xf];\ ljZn]if0f ;fx|} ;l6s x'G5 / pbfx/0fdf s~h':of“O x'"b}g; ;f]rdf s'g} nufd x'"b}g; zfob / pGd'Qm ljrf/ g} pxf“sf] csf]{ kl/ro xf] . To;}n] dxfef/tsfnLg of}g :jtGqtfsf] jsfnt ub}{ pxf“ n]Vg'x'G5– æxfd|f] j}jflxs hLjgdf cfpg] ;a} cfgGb jf b'Mvsf] d"n ;|f]t a|Dxrf/L, tk:jL Zj]ts]t' g} xf] .Æ

h] eP klg 8f= e08f/L cGo sltko JolQmx? h:tf] bf]xf]/f] e"ldsfdf af“Rg rfxg' x'g; ælxKkf]qm\of6Æ eP/ leq Pp6f ;f]r aflx/ 7f]s ljk/Lt ;f]rsf] b]vfj6Lkg .

To;}n] klg pxf“sf n]vx? ;a}n] Psk6s k9\g} k5{ / cfkm}+n] cfkm\gf] cGt/dg 66f]Ng} k5{ . zfob / o;af6 s]xL If0f eP klg oflGqs / tgfjo'Qm hLjgaf6 d'lQm ldN5 ls <

cGTodf, Úd[u:ynLÚaf6} clt lk|o k+lQm lgsfnf}+, Úolb dflns x'g] OR5f 5f8]/ xfd|f] bf; / bf;L x'g] dfu{df nfUg ;Sof}+ eg] xfd|f d'Vo ;d:ofx?sf] ;dfwfg x'g ;S5 ==== bf; x'g' clt g} s7Lg sfd xf], jf:tjdf dflns x'g' eGbf s7Lg ;fwgf xf] . k|]ddf sf]xL klg dflns x'g ;Qm}g, bf; dfq x'G5g\ . eQm eujfgsf] bf;, eujfg eQmsf] bf;, k|]ldsf k|]dLsf] bf;L, k|]dL k|]ldsfsf] bf; . k"0f{ k|]ddf, k"0f{ bf;Tjdf, cfTdlgl0f{t, :Sr'gfjsf] bf;Tjdf g cx+sf/sf] kL8f /xG5, g If'b|tf, g ;+sL0f{tf, g nf]e, g lx+;f–s]xL klg /x"b}g . Toxf“ z'4 ;dk{0f, zt{xLg ;dk{0f dfq x'G5 .Æ

t/ k|Zg Pp6} 5 oxf“ s;n] < lsg <, sxf“ <, s;/L < / slt;Dd < bf;Tj :jLsf5{ 8f= e08f/Ln] csf]{ k6s km]l/ æd[u:ynLÆ dfkm{t\ hjfkm lbP/ g]kfnL ;flxTosf] e08f/nfO{ yk ;d[l4tkm{ ws]nL lbg'x'G5 ls <

k|ltWjlg

sfg"g ldRg] g} k'/:s[t

h;n] sfg"g pNn+3g u5{, p;nfO{ g} sfg"g cg';f/sf] sfd eP gePsf] x]g]{ lhDdf lbOG5 eg] o;nfO{ b]zs} la8Dagf geg]/ s] eGg] < b]zsf cGo ;+:yfx?df ljs[t df}ln/x]sf] cj:yfdf k|fl1s ;+:yf lqe'jg ljZjljBfnodf ;d]t sfg"g ljk/Lt sfd x'g' cjZo /fd|f] s'/f xf]Og . P]g cg';f/ lqljsf lzIfs, sd{rf/L cGo k|fOe]6 lzIf0f ;+:yfsf] k|d'v jf kbflwsf/L x'g kfp“b}g . t/ lqljsf] P]g ljk/Lt lqljsf] cf+lus SofDk; jL/]Gb| ax'd'vL SofDk;sf k|fWofks 8f= ;"o{dl0f clwsf/L jfns'df/L sn]h gf/fo0f9 lrtjgdf @)$* ;fnb]lv @)%^ ;fn;Dd SofDk; k|d'v /xg' ePsf] lyof] . log} ljifodf ;jf]{Rr cbfntdf d'2f ;d]t k/L clVtof/n] :ki6Ls/0f dfu]sf lgh k|fWofksnfO{ lqe'jg ljZjljBfnon] cfkm\gf dftxftsf SofDk;x?df sfg"g cg';f/sf] sfo{ eP gePsf] cg'udg ug]{ 6f]nLsf] ;+of]hs agfOPsf] 5 .

clwsf+z lqljsf k|fWofksx? cGo lgsfodf gf]s/L u/]sf / k|d'v ;d]t eO/x]sf] x'"bf pQm sfo{ sfg"g ljk/Lt ePsf]n] cGo lgsfodf gf]s/L ug{ /f]s nufO{ kfp“ egL clwjQmf sf]if/fh sfkm\n]n] ;jf]{Rr cbfntdf @)%$ ;fpg ^ ut] /L6 bfo/ ug'{ ePsf] lyof] . To;kl5 lqljn] cbfntnfO{ lnlvt k|df0f ePdf sf/jfxL ug]{ lnlvt hjfkm lbPsf] lyof] .

To;kl5 clwjQmf ;/:jtL zdf{n] k|df0f;lxt km]l/ ph'/L ul/g\ . o;} qmddf clVtof/n] lqljnfO{ kq sf6] cg';f/ lqljn] tL k|fWofksnfO{ :ki6Ls/0f ;f]w]sf] lyof] . ;f]xL qmddf lrtjgs} sGof SofDk;sf csf{ k|fWofks, ;g/fOh O{= :s"nsf lk|lG;kn x]d/fh zdf{, lrtjg ;fOG; sn]hsf lk|lG;kn /fds[i0f jfUn], cfls{8 sn]hsf lk|lG;kn /fdaxfb'/ If]qL tyf afns'df/L / zf/bfgu/sf SofDk; k|d'v dx]z clwsf/L ;d]tnfO{ k'hL{ sfl6Psf] lyof] . lq=lj=sf] nfk/jfxLsf sf/0f lrtjgaf;Lx? cfZro{ rlst ePsf 5g\ .

– k|sfz cof{n lrtjg

;/sf/sf] Wofg hfcf];\

jiff{ofdsf] df};d z'? x'gf;fy la/fdLx?sf] rfk a9\g yfn]sf] 5 . t/ tgx'" lhNnfdf /x]sf] Ps dfq k|fylds :jf:Yo s]Gb|n] la/fdLsf] a9\bf] rfknfO{ y]Ug ;Sg] l:ylt eg] b]lvPsf] 5}g . h;sf sf/0f jiff{ofdsf] a]nf ufp“ 3/df km}lng] emf8fjfGtf, ?3fvf]sL / Hj/f]sf] ;fdfGo pkrf/ ;d]t kfpg g;sL la/fdLx? larNnLdf kg]{ u/]sf 5g\ . zx/Ls/0fsf] la:tf/ / a9\bf] hg;+Vofsf sf/0f lhNnfdf Pp6f c:ktfn clt g} cfjZos ePsf] b]lvG5 t/ ;DalGwt lgsfo / tgx'"s} k'/fgf] ;b/d'sfd alGbk'/df /x]sf] c:ktfnsf sf/0f bdf}nLdf 5'§} c:ktfn lgdf{0f x'g ;ls/x]sf] 5}g . c:ktfnsf] cefjsf sf/0f ;b/d'sfddf /x]sf] Ps dfq k|f=:jf=s]=df cfjZos :jf:YosdL{ / lrlsT;sx?sf] Joj:yf x'g ;s]sf] 5}g . k|fylds :jf:Yo s]Gb|df # z}øof Ifdtf j]8 dfq ePsf]n] clxn] la/fdLx?sf rfksf sf/0f !) z}øof;Dd ;~rfng ul/Psf] 5 . :jf:Yo s]Gb|df b}lgs Ps ;o la/fdL pkrf/sf nflu cfpg] u/]sf 5g\ . tgx'" ;b/d'sfdh:tf] 7fp“ / pkk|wfgdGqL tyf :yfgLo ljsf; dGqLsf] lhNnfdf Pp6f klg c:ktfn lgdf{0f gx'g' nfhdbf]{ / nHhf:kb s'/f klg xf] . o:tf hgtfsf clt cfjZos s'/fdf >L % sf] ;/sf/sf] Wofg hfcf];\, h;n] ubf{ hgtfn] /fxtsf] dx;'; u?g\ .

– dbg jfUn], bdf}nL tgx'"

;f“rf] s'/f lsg n'sfpg' <

;fKtflxs …ljdz{Úsf] kmfu'g @^ sf] c+sdf kz'kltzDz]/ hj/fsf] cGt/+u k9\g kfOof] / pxf“af/] w]/} s'/f hfGg] df}sf kfOof] . Pp6f s'/f eg] pxf“n] 9f“6\g' ePsf] /x]5 . pxf“nfO{ u[x k~rfot dGqfnosf] k~rfot bz{g zfvfdf s/f/df ;x;lrj kbdf 7f8} egf{ ul/Psf] lyof] . ljsf;sf sd{rf/LnfO{ ;fwf/0fdf n}hfg] qmddf k|ltof]lutfTds k/LIff u/]df kf; gx'g] ePsfn] Ps k]k/sf] k/LIff lnO{ /Lt k'¥ofpg] lx;fan] k/LIff x'g] ePsf]df pxf“ nufot 8f=df]xgdfg ;}+h', gu]Gb| zdf{ cflb !& efOn] k/LIffdf cg'lQ{0f x'g 8/n] k/LIff g} alxisf/ ug'{eof] . k~rfotsfn b/af/s} glhs eP klg pxf“ t Pp6f c:yfoL ;x;lrj ePsf]n] lghfdtL ;]jfdf …x8\tfnÚ u/]sf] lgx'"df 7f8} vf];'jf ;a} ;qefOnfO{ ul/Psf] lyof] .

kl5 ;a}n] pQ/fw{df 7"n} kb kfpg' klg eof] . Tof] vf];'jf g} kz'kltzDz]/sf] nflu hLjgsf] gof“ / kmnbfoL df]8 eof] . gq t ;lrj eP/ l/6fo/ eO{ xb kfP /fhb"t kfP/ ylGsg' kg]{df cfh;Dd /huh ug]{ df}sf ldNg] g} lyPg . ;f“rf] s'/f pxf“ h:tfn] n'sfpg' gkg]{ xf] .

– ;'of]u g]kfn cfbz{gu/, jL/u~h

;ftfsf] :j/

d'n'sdf pTkGg ;d:ofx?sf] lgsf;sf] Pp6f ljsNk dWofjlw g} xf] . of] ljsNk dfq x}g ;d:t ljsNk xf] . r'gfj s'g} klg a]nf x'g ;S5 . r'gfj u/fpg] ;+s]t k|wfgdGqLn] klg lbO;Sg' ePsf] 5 . r'gfjsf nflu Pdfn]sf kf6L{ sfo{stf{x? tof/ eO{ a:g' k¥of] . To;sf nflu kf6L{sf sfo{stf{x? clxn]b]lvg} nfUg' k¥of] .

nfp8f k|s/0fdf k|wfgdGqLsf] ;+nUgtfsf] bfjL ub}{ k|ltkIfLx? k|wfgdGqLsf] /fhLgfdf dflu/x]sf 5g\ . lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnfn] ljkIfL kf6L{x?sf] dfuk|lt s'g} k|ltlqmof JoQm ug'{ ePsf] 5}g . pxf“s} kf6L{leq klg pxf“sf] /fhLgfdf dfluPsf] cj:yf 5 . t/ klg pxf“n] /fhLgfdf lbg] 5gs lbg' ePsf] 5}g . pxf“ sf+u|]; kf6L{leq klg / ;+;bdf klg k|fljlws ?kn] alnof] x'g'x'G5 . o:tf] cj:yfdf pxf“n] /fhLgfdf lb+b} lbGg eGg'eof] eg] s] ug]{ < ;d:ofsf ;dfwfg vf]Hg' kg]{ sfd k|wfgdGqLsf] xf] . pxf“n] ;d:ofsf] lgsf; klg vf]Hg' x'Gg /fhLgfdf klg lbg cfl6/xg' ePsf] 5}g .

ljBdfg ;d:ofsf] ;dfwfg ug{ g;Sg] xf] eg] lul/hfn] /fhLgfdf lbg'k¥of] of t dWofjlwdf hfg' k¥of] . Pdfn] dWofjlwsf nflu tof/ 5 .

– s]=kL=cf]nL= Pdfn]sf g]tf,
/f]Nkfdf Pdfn] sfo{stf{x?nfO{ ;Djf]wg ub}{

of] ;ftf

kmfu'g @% ut] laxLaf/

— k|mfG;sf] rf/ lbj;Lo cf}krfl/s e|d0f k"/f u/L k|wfgdGqL lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnf :jb]z lkmtf{ .

— a]nfot ;/sf/åf/f la|l6z uf]vf{sf cjsfz k|fKt ;]gf jf ltgsf ljwjfn] kfOcfPsf] lgj[lQe/0fdf !)=( k|ltztn] a[l4 .

z'qmaf/

— kmfu' kj{

— >L % dx]Gb| k|s[lt ;+/If0f sf]ifsf cWoIf >L % clw/fhs'df/ 1fg]Gb| aL/ ljqmd zfxaf6 alb{ofsf] 7fs'/åf/f uflj;– % a]tgLdf gjlgld{t >L % dx]Gb| k|s[lt ;+/If0f sf]if alb{of ;+/If0f sfo{{qmdÆsf] sfof{no ejg ;d'b\3f6g .

— la|l6z uf]vf{sf cjsfz k|fKt ;]gfåf/f a]nfot ;/sf/n] pgLx?dfly u/]sf] e]befj cGTo u/fpgsf nflu bjfj >[hgf ug]{ p2]Zon] tLg lbg] cGt/f{li6

zlgjf/

Plzof tyf k|zfGt If]qsf nflu zflGt tyf lgz:qLs/0f ;DjGwL efjL /0fgLlt / ljZjf; lgdf{0f ug{ cfof]lht tLg lbg] t]x|f}+ a}7s sf7df8f}+df k|f/De .

cfOtaf/

— sf7df8f}+ af}4 lgjf;L k|ltefzfnL o'js nf]s]Zj/ df:s] af?OR5L– # gfds cTofw'lgs oGq dfgj lgdf{0f ug{ ;kmn . pgn] !) aif{ cufl8 klg oGq dfgj -/f]j6{_ agfPsf lyP .

— zxLb u+ufnfn >]i7sf] *@ cf}+ hGdhoGtL .

— e"6fgL z/0ffyL{ k|df0fLs/0fsf nflu g]kfn–e"6fg ;+o'Qm k|df0fLs/0f 6f]nLsf] a}7s .

;f]daf/

— ;+o'Qm /fi6p clVtof/n] sf/jfxLsf nflu l;kmfl/z u/]kl5 :yfgLo ljsf; dGqL -tTsfnLg lzIffdGqL_ uf]ljGb/fh hf]zLåf/f clVtof/sf] lg0f{o lj?4 ;jf]{Rr cbfntdf d'2f bfo/ .

— >L % dxf/fhflw/fhaf6 d[u]Gb| ;+emgf lrlsT;f u'7Lsf] /ht jif{ ;df/f]xsf] pb\3f6g .

d+unaf/

— ;+o'Qm /fi6p s[lif tyf ;xsf/L dGqL hok|sfzk|;fb u'Ktf / >d tyf oftfoft /fHodGqL ;'/]Gb| xdfnåf/f cf–cfkm\gf] kbaf6 /fhLgfdf .

a'waf/

— >L % af6 gful/stf ljw]ossf ;DjGwdf ;jf]{Rr cbfntsf] k/fdz{ dfu u/L aS;]sf]n] ;f] ljifodf ;jf]{Rr cbfntdf jx; z'? .

— xf]6n dhb"/x?åf/f !) k|ltzt ;]jf z'Nssf] dfu /fVb} /fhwfgLdf h'n'; .