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k|wfgdGqL z]/axfb'/ b]pjfsf …lxDdtbf/ g]tfÚ k|r08n] cflv/df d'n'snfO{ cfktsfnLg cj:yf nfu" u/fpg] jfWotf l;h{gf u/]/} 5f8] . ljgfz / /QmkftnfO{ /f]df~rsf/L >[+vnf 7fGg] sltko af}l4s JolQmTj Pjd\ /fhgLlts ljZn]ifsx? klg dfcf]jfbL gfOs] k|r08nfO{ sd …axfb'/Ú 7fGb}gg\ . g pgLx? ljut 5 aif{sf] xTof, lx+;faf6 k|r08n] d'n'snfO{ dfq xf]Og ;Dk"0f{ ljZjnfO{ xNnfOlbPsf] dx;"; ub{5g\ . lxDdt / axfb'/Lsf] ;xL kl/efiff nfpg ghfGg]x? lgldQ gfosx?nfO{ klg dxfgfos eg]/ em'lSsG5g\ . cem sltko k|;+udf t vngfosnfO{ gfos 7fGg] e"n ub{5g\ . xfd|f k|wfgdGqL z]/axfb'/ b]pjf / /fhgLlts ljZn]ifsx? klg To;/L g} em'lSsP .

jf:tjdf dfcf]jfbL cft+ssf] tfnfrfjL clxn] k|r08sf] xftdf 5}g . …hgo'4Úsf] gfddf rnfOPsf] ck/fwk"0f{ lqmofsnfknfO{ ;+rfng ul//fVg], :ylut ug]{ jf s;/L cl3 a9fpg] eGg] s'/fsf] lg0f{o k|r08af6 x'g ;Sb}g . x'g t k|r08 clxn] cfP/ dfq lg/Lx ag]sf xf]Ogg\ . hab]lv pgL df]xg j}BnfO{ kmfn]/ tfTsfnLg df]6f] dzfn ;d"xsf] dxfdGqL ag] Tolta]nfb]lv g} pgL lg/Lx g} /x]sf lyP . pgn] cfkm\gf] k|:tfj slxNo} /fVb}gg\ / h;sf] k|:tfjnfO{ ;dy{g ubf{ cfkm\gf] kb ;'/lIft x'G5 To;}nfO{ ;dy{g u5{g\ .

Pstfs]Gb|sf] dxfdGqL ePsf] a]nfsf] r/d u'6aGbLsf] cj:yfdf klg pgL ToxL pkfo cjnDag u/]/ kbdf l6ls/x] . k|r08sf] Ps k6ssf] e]6sf] cfwf/df eb|tf, zflngtf / ;f}Dotfsf] jvfg ug]{x?n] pgsf] s'?k, e2f / ljs[t leqL ?knfO{ b]v]sf x'"b}gg\ . jftf{df cfpg] ;xdlt hgfP/ cfkm\gf] kbsf] Uof/]06L ul/lbPsf]n] k|wfgdGqL b]pjfn] pgsf] ;fj{hlgs k|z+;f u/]sf] eP klg pgL k|r08sf] lg0f{o Ifdtf, hf]lvd df]n]/ eP klg lg0f{o sfof{Gjog ug]{ cf“6sf] af/]df a]hfgsf/ 5g\ . slyt hgo'4sf] gfddf d'n'snfO{ dxfljgfzsf] gs{s'08df xf]Dg], ljb|f]x / ljKnjsf] gfddf pTkft dRrfpg]b]lv jftf{sf] gf6s /Rg] / csf/0f To;nfO{ e+u u/L ;}lgs Jof/]sdfly cfqmd0f u/]/ cfktsfn nfu" ug]{ dfldnfdf pgsf] lg0ff{os e"ldsf 5}g . lgZro g} xf] dfcf]jfbLleqsf To; k|sf/sf] s'lT;t :jfy{ af]Sg]x?n] pgnfO{ k|of]u u/]sf 5g\ .

clxn] jftf{sf] lglDt ;xdlt hgfpg] lx+;f :yugsf] gf6s /r]/ ;/sf/nfO{ e|d lbg], ToxL cj:yfdf eLif0f g/;+xf/sf] tof/L ug]{ / PstkmL{ ?kn] jftf{ e+u u/]/ pTkft dRrfpg] s'/fdf klg k|r08sf] b:tvt dfq k|of]u ul/Psf] xf] . o;df k|r08sf] lg0ff{os e"ldsf k6Ss} 5}g . cfkm\g} cWoog, cg';Gwfg / ljZn]if0fsf] cfwf/df lg0f{o ug{ / To;nfO{ nfu" ug{ ;Sg] x}l;ot ePsf] eP / dfcf]jfbL kf6L{ k|r08s} …sdf08Údf ePsf] eP lgisif{ h:tf] eP klg zfob jftf{ o;/L aLr}df …a]|sÚ x'g] lyPg . jftf{nfO{ nDAofpg] c8fgdf dfcf]jfbLsf] k|r08 u'6 / k|wfgdGqL z]/axfb'/ b]pjf b'a} lyP t/ dfcf]jfbLleq ;b}j xfjL x'g] …tTjÚn] jftf{sf] cf}lrTo ;dfKt ePsf] 7fGof] / ;/sf/nfO{ rSdf lbP/ /fi6«JofkL ?kdf pTkft dRrfof] .

k|r08df g]t[Tj Ifdtfsf] ;j{yf cefj /x] klg Pp6f s'/fdf eg] pgL dflx/ 5g\, Tof] xf] kbsf] /Iff ug]{ snf . cfkm\gf] kb klg /Iff ug{ pgL h] ;'s} ug{ tof/ /xG5g\ . ;/sf/;+u e}/x]sf] rfn" jftf{ e+u u/]/ k'gM lx+;f, cft+s / /Qmkftsf] af6f] cjnDag ubf{ klg pgnfO{ cfkm\gf] kbsf] ;'/IffnfO{ g} Vofndf /fv]sf] :ki6 b]lvG5 . jftf{af6 ;d:of ;dfwfg vf]Hbf dfcf]jfbLdf lelqPsf d'n'sel/sf ck/fwLx?sf] :jfy{df 7]; k'Ug] l:ylt b]lvG5 . To; cj:yfdf k|r08sf] kb t s] Hofg aRg klg d'l:sn x'g] eof] . kb / HofgnfO{ bfpdf /fv]/ pgn] jftf{ lg/Gt/ hf/L /fVg] c8fg sfod /fVg ;s]gg\ / aftf{ lj/f]wLx?sf] d;f}bfdf ;xL w:sfOlbP .

kb arfpg cfkm\gf] cf:yf a]Rg], ljZjf; k|fKt JolQmsf] xTof ug{ tTk/ /xg] /f0ff zf;sx?nfO{ cfbz{ 7fGg] k|r08sf] rl/qsf] af/]df yf]/} klg 1fg ePsf] eP ;/sf/ sfgdf t]n xfn]/ a:g] lyPg . /, cfjZos k|lt/Iffsf] tof/L ug]{ lyof] . ;+efljt cfqmd0fsf] hfgsf/L eP/ To;sf] jrfp u/]sf] eP d'n'sn] wghgsf] Tof] csNkgLo Iflt Aoxf]g'{ kg]{ lyPg . k|r08 eGg] Tof] s[t£g JolQmsf] gfd xf] hf] kb xfl;n ug]{ bf}/df cfkm\g} u'?, lzIfs, cu|h / g]tfnfO{ alnj]bLdf xf]Dg tof/ x'G5 . df]xgljqmd, lgd{n nfdf / df]xg j}Bx?sf] xftaf6 kf6L{sf] g]t[Tj vf]:g pgn] cg]s if8\oGq, rfnafhL / kmf]xf]/L v]n v]n] . cufl8 ljgd| x'g] / …sGgf k5fl8Ú if8\oGq ug]{ pgsf] ljz]iftf xf] .

cfkm\gf] kbdfly sf]xLaf6 klg …y|]/Ú 5 eGg] nfu]kl5 pgL To;nfO{ ;dfKt kfg{ ;fd, bfd, b08, e]b ;a} k|of]u ug{ tTk/ /xG5 . /f0ff zf;sx?af6 lnPsf] Tof] bLIffs} cfwf/df cfh pgsf] kb ;'/lIft 5 . gq plxNo} Toxf“af6 xl6;Sg] lyP . cfkm\gf] k|lt:kwL{ 7fg]/ /fdaxfb'/ yfkf pkm{ jfbnnfO{ 7]ufg nfP, ofgk|;fbn] k|r08nfO{ ckb:t ug{ u/]sf ;f/f of]hgf yfxf kfP/ pgnfO{ ;dfKt} kf/] . cfkm\g} kbsf] ;'/Iffk|lt ;hs /xg] / slxn] sf]af6 vt/f 5 eGg] a'em\g pgsf] g]6js{nfO{ eg] dfGg}k5{ .

k|r08sf] kfv08L rt'¥ofO{sf] af/]df df]xgljqmd, lgd{n nfdf, dfwj g]kfn, df]xg j}B, afdb]j uf}tdn] /fd|};+u yfxf kfP klg s]xL jif{;+u} sfd u/]/ klg Pstfs]Gb|sf s]xL g]tfx?n] To;nfO{ a'em\g ;s]sf 5}gg\ . cfktsfn 3f]if0ff ePkl5 cfkm\gf] lj?4 ;f]lemPsf] cfqmd0fsf] df]x/L Pstfs]Gb|sf g]tf–sfo{stf{k|lt df]8\g k|r08n] clxn] klg e/dUb'/ k|of; ul//x]sf 5g\ . o; aLrdf cfkm\gf cft+ssf/L lqmofsnfkaf6 ;Dk"0f{ /fhgLlts kf6L{nfO{ lr9\ofO{ ;s]sf, n'6kf6, xTof jnfTsf/sf] x'08/L dRrfP/ hgtfnfO{ tjfO–tjfO kf/]sf], jftf{sf] axfgfdf ;/sf/nfO{ e|ddf /fv]/ cfkm"n] ;fdfl/s ;fdYo{ a[l4 u/]sf] eP klg Pstfs]Gb|n] To;nfO{ a'em\g ;s]g . dfn], Pdfn], d;fn, sf+u|];, /fk|kf cflb ;a}n] dfcf]jfbLsf] lgot /fd|f];+u a'em]sf 5g\ . cK7]/f] kbf{ pgLx?n] cfkm}+dfly cfOnfUg]nfO{ sbflk arfpg] 5}gg\ . hgtfn] 8/, wDsL, cft+s / qf;sf] ?kdf pknAw u/fp"b} cfPsf] ;'/Iff, cfjf; / ef]hg jGb ul/lbg] lglZrt 5 t/ Pstfs]Gb|n] eg] cfkm\gf sfo{stf{dfly ePsf jj{/tfk"0f{ cfqmd0fnfO{ e'n]/ cK7]/f] kbf{ sf“w yfKg tof/ 5 .

t/ Pstfs]Gb|n] sf“w yfKb}df xTof, lx+;f, n'6kf6 / cft+ssf] sfo/tfk"0f{ af6f] cjnDag ul//x]sf] dfcf]jfbLsf] ;kmntf eg] ;Dej 5}g . clxn] dfcf]jfbL g]t[Tj cfkm\gf] 3f]lift nIo xfl;n ug]{ k|ltj4tfaf6 xf]Og cfkm\gf] kb / u'6sf] jr{:j /Iffsf] cleofggdf ;Lldt 5 . To; tYosf] 1fg k'ln; ;]gf;+u le8]/ Hofg u'dfpg] w]/} cjf]w n8fs'nfO{ klg 5}g . lglZrt txsf Psfw g]tf, slyt ;}lgs clws[t / dflyNnf] txsf xtf{stf{nfO{ o;sf] af/]df kof{Kt hfgsf/L 5 . hfgsf/L x'g]x?sf] cfkm\gf] :jfy{ klg x'G5 / Tof] :jfy{ k"/f ug{s} nflu cfkm\gf] k+lQmnfO{ lg/y{s jlnbfgsf] nflu pS;fpg] sfo{ e}/x]sf] 5 .

of] tYo dfcf]jfbL n8fs', /fhgLlts sfo{stf{, pgLx?;+u c;xdt kIf / ;/sf/ ;a}n] a'em\g' cfjZos 5 . tTsfnsf] ;Defjgf ;d]t gb]Vg] 5f]6f] ;f]rfOn] /fhgLltnfO{ b'3{6gf u/fpg ;S5 . s;}k|lt k"jf{u|x /fv]/ xf]Og jf:tljstf s] xf] eGg] s'/fnfO{ v'nf x[bon] cWoog ug]{ xf] eg] dfq d'n'snfO{ ;Defljt 7"nf] /Qmkftaf6 arfpg ;lsG5 . jf}l4s ;d'bfo, ;~rf/sdL{ tyf ljkIfL /fhgLlts bnsf g]tfx?n] cf}NofOlbPsf] tYonfO{ j]jf:tf ubf{ clxn] d'n'ssf] s'g xfnt eof] eGg] s'/f a'em]/ ;/sf/n] klg sbd rfNg ;Sg' k5{ . ;a} s'/f k|r08n] h:t} kb;+u uf“;]/ x'g'{ x'"b}g . lxDdtbf/ eGg] r:df nufP/ x]g]{x?n] ca r:df vf]n]/ gfËf cfvf“n] x]/]/ d"Nof+sg ug{ ;Sg'k5{ . tj dfq s;/L cl3 a9\g] eGg] lgSof}{n ;Dej x'G5 .

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g]kfn l;h{gfTds snfu'7Lsf] cf}krfl/s :yfgdf @)$# ;fndf ePtfklg o;sf] k"jf{wf/ ;+ejtM cfheGbf %) jif{ cufl8 g} d]/f] slnnf] dgleq c+s'/fPsf] lyof], h'ga]nf d jwf{df ufGwLjfbL bz{go'Qm lzIff k|fKt ul//x]sf] lyP" . ha d aDa], ef/tdf cWoog/t lyP", To;a]nf Toxf“ /x]sf g]kfnL ljBfyL{x?sf] ;+u7gn]– …g]kfn bz{gÚ zLif{sdf Ps dlxg] k|bz{gL cfof]hgf u/]sf] lyof] . pQm k|bz{gLdf g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ xfdLn] u/]sf] cg'/f]wdf tTsfnLg k|wfgdGqL cfb/0fLo ljZj]Zj/k|;fb sf]O/fnfsf] ljz]if lgb]{zgdf g]kfnsf Do'lhodaf6 *) j6f g]kfnL snfs[ltx? k|blz{t ug]{ x]t'n] jDjO{;Dd nUg] cg'dlt lbOPsf] lyof] . olt dfq xf]Og, xfdLnfO{ k'/ftTj ljefu / Do'lhodsf tTsfnLg pRr kbflwsf/Lx? cfb/0fLo ;Todf]xg hf]zL tyf :juL{o rGb|dfg l;+x df:s]sf] k|ToIf lgu/fgL / ;xof]u klg k|fKt ePsf] lyof] . snfs[ltsf] ;'/Iffy{ xfdLnfO{ Psflt/ ;/sf/n] !@ hgf k|x/Lx?sf] ;]jf klg pknAw u/fPsf] lyof] eg] csf]{lt/ tTsfnLg dxf/fhlw/fh :juL{o dx]Gb| ;/sf/af6 xjfO{hxfh rf6{/ ug]{ ;'ljwf g} aS;]sf] lyof] . xfdLnfO{ To;a]nf g]kfn ;/sf/n] v'nf x[bon] u/]sf] ljZjf; cfh klg sfod} xf]nf eGg] d}n] ljZjf; lnPsL 5' .

cfheGbf $) jif{ cufl8 d}n] sf7df8f}+df cfof]hgf u/]sL Ps snf k|bz{gLdf tTsfnLg k|wfgdGqL ljZj]Zj/k|;fb sf]O/fnfn] s'g} cf}krfl/s lgdGq0ff–kq ljgf g} k|bz{gLdf ;j{;fwf/0f hgtf ;/x tTsfnLg dxf/fhlw/fh ;/sf/nfO+{ gh/ u/fpg Nofpg' ePsf] k|;Ë d]/f] k|]/0ffsf] ;|f]t jGof] . To;avt >L % dx]Gb|af6 d]/f] ;a} snfs[lt lsg]/ cem /sd ;d]t yku/L k|mfG;df snf ;DaGwL k|lzIf0f lng hfg 5fqj[lQ aS;]sf] lyof] . o;sf ;fy} dnfO{ g]kfn ;/sf/n] k|f]km];/ 6'rL h:tf uGodfGo JolQmx?sf] g]kfn e|d0fsf] a]nf aDa}b]lv af]nfP/ ;df/f]xx?df efu lng] df}sf af/Daf/ k|bfg ub{Yof] .

o;/L Psflt/ cfkm\gf] /fi6«leq dnfO{ aL=kL=sf]O/fnf h:tf /fhg]tfsf] xf};nf k|fKt lyof] eg] dnfO{ jwf{nu]/ lzIffsf] pHofnf] 3fd b]vfpg] ;dfh;]jL t'N;Ld]x/ h:tf dxfg JolQmTjx?sf] k|]/0ff klg k|fKt lyof] . csf]{lt/ ef/tdf ;]jfu|fd / jwf{df slnnL ljBfyL{ eO{ a:bf dxfTdf ufGwL, ljgf]jf efj]h:tf cfbz{ kfqx?sf] ;fldKo k|fKt lyof] . oL ;a} JolQmTjx?sf] xf};nf / ufGwLjfbL bz{gsf] ulx/f] k|]/0ffaf6 dnfO{ cfkm\g} b]zdf s]xL ug{ ;b}j x'6x'6L hflu/xGYof] . kmn:j?k d}n] s/La #) jif{sf] ;dofjlwdf b]z tyf ljb]zdf vf;u/L ;]jfu|fd, jwf{ cflb ef/t, k]l/; tyf Sofg8faf6 cfkm"n] cfh]{sf] ;Lk, cg'ej / ;Dk"0f{ wg/fzLnfO{ g]kfnsf lk5l8Psf, b'u{d If]qsf vf;u/L dlxnf / s]xL o'jsnfO{ snf ;DaGwL ;Lk l;sfO{ cfly{s pGgltsf] af6f] b]vfpg] p2]Zodf o; g]kfn l;h{gfTds snfu'7Lsf] :yfkgf u/]sL x'" . o; snfu'7L g]kfnsf] k/Dk/fut a'gfO{ snfnfO{ cem gf}nf] cfofdsf;fy k|:t't ub}{ cufl8 al9/x]sf] 5 .

d]/f] a'af /Tgdl0f pkfWofo hf] (^ jif{sf] x'g'x'G5 / d]/L cfdf hf] *& jif{sL x'g'x'G5, d b'a}nfO{ gd:sf/ r9fp"5' . $)–$% jif{ cufl8 g]kfnL ;dfhdf Ps sbd cufl8 a9]/ pxf“x?n] dnfO{ jwf{ k9\g k7fpg' ePsf] lyof] . pxf“x?n] snfu'7Lsf] cf/Dedf cfkm" al;/x]sf] 3/ hUuf g} o; snfu'7LnfO{ pkxf/ lbP/ d]/f] xf};nfnfO{ alnof] agfO{ lbg' ePsf] lyof] . >L % sf] ;/sf/df cf}krfl/s ?kdf @)$# ;fn d+l;/ @^ ut] btf{ eO{ ;fdflhs ;]jf /fli6«o ;dGjo kl/ifb\ cGt/ut @)$^ ;fnb]lv ;dfj]z ePsf] o; snfu'7Ln] ldq/fi6« Sofg8fdf ePsf Sofg]l8og ldqhgx?sf] ;xof]udf :yflkt ;+:yf SOFON sf] dfWodaf6 ;xof]u k|fKt ub}{ cfPsf] Sofg8fsf] cNj6f{ ;/sf/ tyf CIDA n] klg SOFON s} dfWodaf6 xfdLnfO{ ;xof]u ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . snfu'7Lsf tflnd ejg nufot k|zf;sLo Pjd\ cfjf;u[x / Uofn/L ejg log} ;xof]usf ljlzi6 gd"gf x'g\ . d]/f klt ul0ftsf k|f]km];/ s'i0fd'/f/L uu{n] Sofg8fdf …o'lge/l;6L ckm cNj6f{Ú df sfo{/t eO{ cfh]{sf /sd klg SOFON s} dfWodaf6 snf–u'7LnfO{ k|bfg ub}{ cfpg' ePsf] 5 . o;sf ;fy} snfu'7Lsf pTkfbgx?sf] laqmLaf6 cfPsf] /sd klg o; u'7Lsf] cfo–;|f]t ePsf] 5 . o;/L k|fKt /sdaf6} u'7Ln] cfkm\gf] b}lgs sfo{ ;~rfng ub}{ cfPsf] 5 .

snfu'7Ln] g]kfn clw/fHoleq /x]sf ljleGg /fli6«o–cGt/f{li6«o ;+3–;+:yfaf6 a]nfavt ;xof]ux? kfp"b} cfPsf] 5 . o;} l;nl;nfdf ;+o'Qm /fi6«;+3Lo sfo{qmdsf] /]zd v]tL ;DaGwL cfof]hgf cGt/ut o; If]qsf s[ifsx?af6 pTkflbt sf]s'gaf6 s;/L ;'/lIft Pjd\ :t/Lo 9+udf lzNssf] wfuf] sfTg] / a'gfO{ /+ufO{ ;d]t ug]{ eGg] ;DaGwdf snfu'7Ln] k|lzIf0f k|bfg u/]sf] 5 . utjif{ ^) hgfnfO{ Ps dlxg] tflnd tyf o; jif{ !^ hgfnfO{ # dlxg] tflnd lbg] u/L &% eGbf a9L s[ifsx?nfO{ xfdLn] of] tflnd k|bfg u¥of}+ . >L % sf] ;/sf/n] b]zsf] xfjf–kfgL ;'xfp"bf] /]zd v]tLnfO{ dxTj lbb}+ cfPsf] ;Gbe{df xfdLn] o;nfO{ cToGt dxTjk"0f{ pknlAw 7fg]sf 5f}+ . :t/Lo 9+uaf6 wfuf] sfTg ghfg]df pTkflbt sf]s'gx? cToGt ;:tf] d"Nodf ljb]zLn] 8/ x'g] s'/ftkm{ d ;DalGwt ;a}sf] Wofgfsif{0f u/fpg rfxG5' .

snfu'7Ln] g]kfnsf k/Dk/fut snfnfO{ arfO{ /fVg] p2]Zodf ljljw sfo{ ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . kfNkfsf] 9fsf a'gfO{ xf];\ jf eQmk'/sf] ljz]if a'gfO{ k4lt ;a}nfO{ j}1flgs a'gfO{ k4ltdf 9fn]/ To;sf] lbuf]kgf arfO/fVg xfdL ;w}+ sfo{/t 5f}+ . o;} l;nl;nfdf leQf, sfut / sk8fdf dfq ;Lldt /x]sf] t/fO{sf] ldlynf If]qdf k|rlnt ldlynf snfnfO{ df6f]sf] ef“8f / 6]k|]i6«L snfsf] dfWoddf ;d]t ptfg{ To;}If]qsf !$ hgf ljlzi6 snfsf/x?nfO{ !$ dlxgf;Dd tflnd lbOPsf] klg d :d/0f ug{ rfxG5' . snfu'7Ldf ljut !* jif{b]lv g]kfn clw/fHosf ljleGg If]qx?af6 ljBfyL{ cfO/x]sf 5g\ . t/ o;nfO{ cem lj:tf/ ug]{ p2]Zon] xfdL :jod\ sf7df8f}+ aflx/ uO{ 7fp" 7fp"df s]xL lbgsf] sfo{zfnf ub}{ k|ltefjfg JolQmnfO{ vf]h]/ yk tflndsf] Joj:yf ul//x]sf 5f}+ . pkTosfleqsf k/Dk/fut a'gs/ kl/jf/sf] vf]hL ub}{ pgLx?nfO{ cfw'lgs k|ljlwaf/] hfgsf/L lbg] sfd klg xfdL ul//x]sf 5f}+ . zfob o;/L k|ltefx?sf] rf/}lt/ vf]hL ubf{ xfd|f] snf ;fwgfn] Jofkstf kfO/x]sf] xfdL b]lv/x]sf 5f}+ . cfh Dofqmf]d], Hofsf8{ a'gfO{, cfw'lgs 9fsf a'gfO{, cfw'lgs /ËfO{ k4lt, Pp6} l;of]af6 aGg] :jL6/, 6\ofk]i6«L snf cflbsf] 7fp" 7fp"df k|rf/–k|;f/ b]Vbf snfu'7L ;kmntflt/ nDsb} 5 eGg] ljZjf; knfPsf] 5 . @)## ;fnb]lv xfn;Dd o; snfu'7Ln] bzxhf/eGbf a9L k|lzIffyL{x?nfO{ ljleGg ;dodf a'gfO{, /ËfO{, l;nfO{, s6fO{, df6f]sf] ef“8f agfpg] sfd, Dofqmf]d], cfw'lgs kf]t] a'gfO, s'O{N6, 6\ofk]i6«L snf h:tf ljifos tflndx? lgMz'Ns ub}{ cfO/x]sf 5f}+ .

@)%) ;fn df3 & ut] :juL{o dxf/fhlw/fh >L % jL/]Gb| ;/sf/n] o;} snfu'7Ldf ;jf/L eO{ snf k|bz{gL tyf u'7Lsf] lqmofsnfk gh/ ul/aS;]sf] lyof] . To;a]nf d}n] df};"km ;/sf/nfO{ snfu'7LnfO{ eljiodf g]kfnsf] 6]S;6fon OlGi6Ro"6 agfpg] p2]Zo /fv]sL 5' eg]/ ljGtL r9fPsf] lyP . df};"km ;/sf/, >L % sf] ;/sf/n] tyf cfkm" :jo+n] klg ;xof]u ug]{ cfZjf;g aS;]sf] ;Gbe{ cfh d k'gM ;lDem/x]sL 5' .

snfu'7Ln] lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnf tyf s[i0fk|;fb e§/fO{ k|wfgdGqL x'g'x'"bf …snfu'7Lsf] of]hgfÚ k|:t't ub}{ s]xL ;xof]usf nflu cg'/f]w klg a'emfPsf] lyof] . /]zd v]tLsf nflu ;w}+sf nflu geP/ s]xL jif{sf nflu lnhd} eP klg ;/sf/L hUuf dfu]sf] lyof}+ . w]/} bf}8w'k kl5 hUuf k|fKt x'g] eO;s]sf] lyof] t/ b'ef{Uo ha ha sfd aGnf aGnf h:tf] x'GYof] k|wfgdGqL g} kl/jt{g x'g'x'GYof] . km]l/ z"Goaf6} sfd z'? ug'{kYof]{ . Psk6s t Sofljg]6af6 kf; x'g] elgPs} lbg dlGqd08n lj36g eof] . t/ xfdL yfs]gf}+ . sf]lzz ul//x]s} 5f}+ / ul//xg] g} 5f}+ .

>L % sf] ;/sf/n] cfb/0fLo t'N;L d]o/ >]i7sf] gfddf :yflkt Ps nfv ?k}of“sf] ;dfh;]jf k'/:sf/ snf–u'7LnfO{ @)%% ;fn c;f]h ^ df k|bfg u/]/ o;sf] cl:tTjnfO{ :jLsf/]sf] xfdLnfO{ nfu]sf] 5 .

-d+l;/ !@ nlntk'/df snf u'7Lsf] Uofn/L ejgsf] pb\3f6gsf] ;Gbe{df JoQm dGtJodf cfwfl/t ._

;Ifd k|zf;g oGq / j:t'ut a9'jf k|0ffnL

o'j/fh kf08]

sdhf]/ k|zf;g oGqnfO{ ljsf;f]Gd'v d'n'ssf] Pp6f k|d'v ljz]iftfsf] ?kdf pNn]v ul/G5 . g]kfnsf] k|zf;g oGq klg x'g' kg]{ hlt ;Ifd 5}g eGg] s'/fdf k|zf;g oGqleqsf dflg;x? klg c;xdt b]Vb}gg\ . /fhgLlt1x? / vf;u/L cf]xbf;Lg /fhgLlt1x?df klg k|zf;g oGq sdhf]/ ePsf] sf/0fn] cfkm"af6 x'g ;Sg] hlt sfd x'g g;s]sf] s'/f ;fj{hlgs rrf{, kl/rrf{ / 5nkmnx?df dxTjsf;fy p7fpg] k|j[lQ /x]sf] kfOG5 . u}/–;/sf/L ;+3 ;+:yf / vf;u/L k/fdz{bft[ ;]jf pknAw u/fpg] ;3+ ;+:yfx? Pj+ To:tf ;+:yfx?l;t cfj4 /x]sf / 6f9f–af7f tyf hfg] a'em]sf tyf ljz]if1 eg]/ lrlgPsf dflg;x?n] klg cWoog, cg';Gwfg / ljZn]if0fsf] sfd cfkm"x?af6 dfq x'g ;S5 / k|zf;g oGqaf6 x'g ;Sb}g eGg] vfnsf] ljrf/ ;fj{hlgs rrf{, kl/rrf{ / 5nkmnx?df JoQm u/]sf] kfOG5 . k|zf;goGq leq}sf dflg;x?df klg s'g} sfd k|zf;g oGqaf6 x'g g;Sg] sf/0f b]vfP/ s'g} k/fdz{bft[ ;+:yfnfO{ pknAw u/fp"bf x'g ;Sg] kmfObfsf] n]vfhf]vf / ljZn]if0f ug]{ k|j[lQ x'ls{+b} cfPsf] cfz+sf ul/G5 . cfkm" ;Da4 /x]sf]] jf s'g} sfd ug]{ st{Jo ePsf] s'g} ;+:yfl;t ;Da4 sd{rf/L afx]ssf] s'g} JolQmnfO{ s'g} sfd lbP/ kmfObf k'¥ofpg] lgotn] klg sltko lg0f{ostf{x?n] sfd ug{ ;Sg] s'g} ;+:yfnfO{ sfd ug{ g;Sg] ;+:yfsf] ?kdf lrgfpg] s;/t ug{ ;Sb5g\ / o:tf] s;/tsf] sf/0fn] k|zf;goGq oyfy{df hlt sdhf]/ 5 To;eGbf a9L sdhf]/ b]lvPsf] klg x'g ;Sb5 . k|zf;g oGqn] ug{ ;Sg] sltko sfd ;d]t k|zf;goGqaf6 x'g ;Sb}gg\ eGg] k|efjsf] hGd / la:tf/ x'g'nfO{ klg k|zf;g oGqsf] sdhf]/Ls} ?kdf lng' kb{5 .

To;}n] cfkm"af6 x'g ;Sg] sltko sfd cfkm"af6 x'g ;S5g\ eGg] s'/fdf ;DalGwt ;a} KfIfnfO{ ljZj:t agfpg g;Sg] / jf gvf]Hg] / cfkm"af6 x'g'kg]{ cGo sltko sfd s'/fx? ;d'lrt 9+un] ug{ g;Sg] s'/fnfO{ k|zf;goGqsf b'O{ k|d'v sdhf]/Lsf] ?kdf pNn]v ug{ ;lsG5 . k|zf;g oGqnfO{ ;Ifd agfpgsf] lglDt s] s:tf pkfox? ckgfpg' k5{ eGg] ljifodf klg k|zf;g oGqleq / k|zf;g oGq aflx/ /x]sf / k|zf;gsf ljifodf ?lr /fVg] ;a}h;f] dflg;x?df ;}4flGts ?kn] ;xdlt g} /x]sf] e]l6G5 . sd{rf/Lsf] sfdsf] ;d'lrt d"Nof+sg u/L /fd|f] sfd ug]{ dfG5]nfO{ k'/:s[t ug]{ / g/fd|f] sfd ug]{ JolQmnfO{ bl08t ug]{ jf k'/:s[t gug]{ cj:yfsf] l;h{gf ug]{ sfd g} k|zf;g oGqnfO{ ;Ifd agfpg] ;a}eGbf k|d'v / dxTjk"0f{ pkfo xf] eGg] s'/fdf klg ;a}h;f] dflg;x? ;xdt /x]sf] kfOG5 . To;}n] k|zf;g oGqnfO{ ;Ifd / ;an agfpgsf] lglDt To;sf] k'/:sf/ / b08sf] k4ltnfO{ ;Ifd / ;an agfpg cfjZos x'G5 eGg] lgisif{df k'luG5 . b08 / k'/:sf/sf] k4lt ;an ePsf] k|zf;lgs k|0ffnLdf kbf]Gglt jf a9'jfsf] k4lt lgikIf / k|efjsf/L x'g'kb{5 . h'g JolQmn] /fd|f];+u sfd u/]sf] 5 / ug{ ;Sb5 To; JolQmsf] tNnf] kbaf6 dflyNnf] kbdf a9'jf x'g] / sfd ug{ g;Sg] jf grfxg] / gug]{ JolQmn] To:tf] kbf]Gglt gkfpg] cj:yf /x]sf] jf 7"nf] cf]xbf jf zlQmdf /x]sf] JolQm jf ;+:yfn] dg k/fPsf] jf glhs b]v]sf] sf/0fn] dfq g/fd|f] sfd ug]{ eg]/ lrlgPsf] jf /fd|f] sfd ug{ g;s]sf] Pp6f JolQm dflyNnf] kbdf k'Ug] / t'ngfTds ?kn] /fd|f] sfd ug]{ jf g/fd|f] sfd ug]{ eg]/ glrlgg] csf]{ JolQm dflyNnf] kbdf k'Ug g;Sg] cj:yf /x]sf] kbf]Gglt k|0ffnLnfO{ b08 / k'/:sf/sf] sdhf]/ / cg'ko'Qm k|0ffnLsf] k|d'v ljz]iftfsf] ?kdf lng'kb{5 . s'g} JolQm zlQm / ;'ljwfsf] b[li6n] cfsif{s kbdf k'u]sf] b]lvof] eg] pm s'g} zlQmzfnL / clwsf/ ;DkGg JolQmsf] cflzjf{bsf] sf/0fn] dfq Tof] kbdf k'u]sf] x'g'k5{ eGg] s'/fsf] hg;fwf/0fn] cg'dfg ug]{ cj:yf /x]sf]]] ;dfh / k|0ffnLdf k|zf;g oGq ;jn / ;Ifd x'g g;Sg] s'/f :ki6 5 . Ps} 7fp" jf kbdf /x]/ sfd ul//x]sf w]/} dflg;x?dWo] Pp6f jf s]xL JolQmn] cfkm\gf] s;};+u gftf jf JolQmut ;Dks{ /x]sf] sf/0fn] jf cfkm"n] s;}nfO{ JolQmut l/emfpg ;s]sf] sf/0fn] dflyNnf] kb e]§fpg] / To:tf] gftf ;DaGw / ;Dks{ gePsf jf lg0f{o ug]{ 7fp"df /x]sf dflg;x? jf To:tf dflg;x?;+u /fd|f] kx'"r ePsf dflg;x?nfO{ JolQmut ?kn] l/emfpg g;s]sf JolQmx? hlt;'s} OdfGbf/ / ;Ifd /x]sf / /fd|f];+u sfd ul//x]sf eP klg a9'jfdf gkg]{ cj:yf /x]sf] kbf]Gglt k|0ffnL ePsf] k|zf;g oGq ;Ifd / ;jn x'g g;Sg] s'/fsf] ;xh} cg'dfg ug{ ;lsG5 . To;}n] lgikIf, :jtGq / lgle{s eP/ P]g lgodsf] kfngf ug]{ cfkm" jf cfkm\gf] glhssf JolQm / ;+:yfnfO{ kmfObf k'¥ofpg] lgot /fv]/ /fi6« / ;dfhnfO{ gf]S;fg k'Ug] sfd gug]{ JolQmx?n] eGbf P]g sfg"g ldr]/ sfd ug{ cu|;/ x'g] / cfkm"nfO{ JolQmut nfe / kmfObf k'U5 eg] /fi6«sf] ;du| lxtdf cf3ft k'Ug] sfd / lg0f{o ug{ ;d]t glxlRsrfpg] JolQmx?n] kbf]Gglt / k'/:sf/ kfpg] ;+efjgf al9/x]sf] kbf]Gglt Pj+ b08 / k'/:sf/sf] k|0ffnL sfod /fv]/ jf ckgfP/ k|zf;g oGqnfO{ :jR5 / ;Ifd agfpg g;lsg] s'/f :ki6 5 . To;}n] s'g} klg d'n'ssf] k|zf;g oGqnfO{ a9L ;Ifd / ;jn agfpg] p2]Zo /fv]/ k|zf;gdf ;'wf/ ug{ vf]Hg] JolQm / ;+:yfx?n] Toxf“sf] k|zf;g oGqdf cfj4 /x]sf] hgzlQmsf] kbf]Ggltsf] k|0ffnLdf /x]sf sdL–sdhf]/Lx?sf] klxrfg u/]/ To:tf sdL–sdhf]/Lx? x6fpgsf] lglDt cfjZos lg0f{o / sfd ug]{ tTk/tf / hf“u/ b]vfpg cfjZos x'G5 . :ki6 5– g]kfnsf] k|zf;g oGqnfO{ clxn]eGbf ;Ifd, ;jn / :jR5 agfpgsf] lglDt klg o;sf] kbf]Gglt k|0ffnLdf ;'wf/ ug{ cfjZos x'G5 .

lghfdtL ;]jf P]g @)$( n] sd{rf/Lsf] kbf]Gglt sfo{ Ifdtfsf] cfwf/df x'g] Joj:yf u/]sf] b]lvG5 . sfo{Ifdtfsf] d"Nof+sgdf sfo{ ;Dkfbg d"Nof+sgnfO{ $) k|ltzt, xfnsf] >]0fLsf] >]i7tfnfO{ @* k|ltzt, ef}uf]lns If]qdf u/]sf] sfdnfO{ !% k|ltzt, z}lIfs of]UotfnfO{ kGw| k|ltzt / tflndnfO{ b'O{ k|ltzt c+s P]gn] 5'6\ofPsf] 5 . h]i7tf jfkt Ps jif{sf] b'O{ c+ssf b/n] a9Ldf @* c+s k|bfg ug]{ Joj:yf P]gn] u/]sf] 5 . ef}uf]lns If]qdf sfd u/] jfkt ;a}eGbf sd c+s kfOg] …ªÚ ju{sf] lhNnfdf /x]/ sfd ug]{ JolQmn] klg !@ jif{ sfd u/]kl5 ;f] jfkt 5'6\ofPsf] k"/f c+s jf !% c+s kfpg] / h]i7tf jfktsf] k"/f c+s kfpgsf] lglDt ;f] JolQmn] !$ jif{sf] ;]jf cjlw k"/f ug'{kg]{ cj:yf /x]sf] b]lvG5 . o; k[i7e"ldsf ;fdfGotofM !@ jif{;Dd Pp6f kbdf /x]/ sfd gu/Lsg Pp6f sd{rf/Lsf] a9'jf x'g g;Sg] cj:yf /x]sf] x'gfn] s'g} vf; ef}uf]lns If]qdf /x]/ a9L ;do sfd u/]sf] sf/0fn] s'g} klg sd{rf/Ln] a9'jf gkfpg] cj:yf /x]sf] b]lvG5 . ;]jf k|j]zsf] lglDt tf]lsPsf] Go"gtd\ z}lIfs of]Uotf jfktsf] Go"gtd\ c+s klg ;a} sd{rf/Ln] k|fKt ug]{ ePsf]n] ;f] jfktsf] $=% c+s dfq sd{rf/Lsf] a9'jfdf c;/ kfg]{ b]lvG5 . csf]{lt/ Pp6} kbdf /x]/ !@ jif{sf] cjlw k"/f ug]{ ;do;Dd sd{rf/L cfkm+}n] grfx]sf] cj:yfb]lv afx]ssf] cj:yfdf ;]jfsf nflu tflnd lng] cj;/ klg k|fKt u5{ eGg] cg'dfg ug]{ xf] eg] tflnd jfktsf] c+ssf] cfwfn] cyjf ! c+sn] dfq a9'jfdf c;/ kfg{ ;Sg] b]lvG5 . To;}n] sfo{ ;Dkfbg d"Nof+sg jfktsf] $) / z}lIfs of]Uotf tyf tflnd jfktsf] %=% c+s ;d]t hDdf $%=% c+sn] g} a9'jfdf a9L c;/ kfg]{ cj:yf /x]sf] b]lvG5 . o;/L sfo{ ;Dkfbgsf] d"Nof+sgn] sd{rf/Lsf] a9'jfdf lg0ff{os c;/ kfg]{ cj:yf /x]sf] b]lvG5 / o;af6 /fd|f] sfd ug]{ JolQmn] a9'jf kfpg] l;4fGtnfO{ sfg"gn] cjnDag u/]sf] ;d]t b]lvg cfp"5 . t/ Jojxf/df /fd|f] sfd ug]{ eg]/ lrlgPsf] dfG5]n] a9'jf gkfP/ g/fd|f] sfd ug]{ jf sfd ug{ g;Sg] eg]/ lrlgPsf] dG5]n] a9'jf kfPsf w]/} b[i6fGtx? klg e]6fpg ;lsG5 . o;n] xfd|f] sfo{ ;Dkfbg d"Nof+sg k|0ffnL j:t'ut x'g g;s]sf] / o;n] d"Nof+sgstf{n] cfkm"nfO{ dg kg]{ dfG5] jf cfkm\gf] gftf kg]{ jf cfkm\gf] glhsdf /x]sf] jf cfkm\gf] rfs/L ug]{ dfG5]nfO{ kbLo lhDd]jf/L k"/f ug]{ sfddf pm hlt;'s} sdhf]/ eP klg sfo{ ;Dkfbg jfkt c?nfO{ eGbf a9L c+s lbg ;Sg] cj:yf /x]sf] / To;n] ubf{ /fd|f] sfd ug]{ dfG5]n] gkfP/ c?n] jf g/fd|f] sfd u/]sf] dfG5]n] ;d]t a9'jf kfpg] ;+efjgf af]s]sf] b]lvG5 . k|of]u ubf{ clgoldt / a]?h' x'g] lx;fan] ;+:yfsf] /sd vr{ u/]sf] JolQmn] To:tf] clgoldt sfd gu/]sf] JolQmn] eGbf a9L c+s kfPsf] / To;sf] sf/0fn] a9'jf kfPsf] jf cfkm" jf c? s;}nfO{ nfe k'¥ofpg] lgotn] k|rlnt dfGotf / k/Dk/f ldr]/ sfd u/]sf w]/} b[i6fGtx? e]l6g] sfo{ ;Dkfbg clen]v /x]sf] hg;fwf/0fn] ;d]t yfxf kfPsf] JolQmn] sfo{ ;Dkfbgdf a9L c+s kfPsf] s'/fdf d"Nof+sgstf{ pQ/bfoL x'g'kg]{ Joj:yf klg g/x]sf] jf k|efjsf/L x'g g;s]sf] b]lvG5 / o;n] ubf{ xfd|f] kbf]Ggltsf] k|0ffnLdf ;'wf/ x'g cfjZos /x]sf] tYo :ki6 x'G5 .

lglZrt Go"gtd\ of]Uotf ePsf] JolQmdfq s'g} kbdf lgo'lQm jf a9'jf kfpg ;Sg] xfd|f] sfg"gL Joj:yf /x]sf] 5 . csf]{lt/ Pp6f kbdf lglZrt Go"gtd\ cjlw k"/f u/]sf] JolQmdfq To;eGbf dflyNnf] kbdf a9'jfsf] lglDt of]Uo x'g] sfg"gL Joj:yf klg /x]sf] b]lvG5 . To;}n] sfg"gsf] pNn+3g u/]sf] jf cg'lrt jf cfk/flws sfo{ u/]sf] sf/0fn] s'g} k|sf/sf] ;hfo kfPsf] sd{rf/Lsf] sfo{ ;Dkfbg d"Nof+sgsf] c+s lglZrt k|lqmof cg';f/ lglZrt cg'kftn] 36\g] / cfkm\gf] lhDd]jf/L lgodfg';f/ k"/f u/]sf ;a} sd{rf/Ln] sfo{ ;Dkfbg jfkt tf]lsPsf] pRrtd\ c+s kfpg] Joj:yf u/]/ sfo{ ;Dkfbg jfkt pRrtd\ c+s kfPsf sd{rf/Lx?dWo]af6 h]i7tfsf] cfwf/df a9'jf ug]{ k|lqmofsf] cjnDag ug]{ xf] eg] dfq xfd|f] d"Nof+sg k4lt j:t'ut x'g] / To;n] ubf{ k|zf;g oGq klg :jR5 / ;jn x'g] b]lvG5 .