;+;b\ k'ghL{ljt ePdf ;a} lrGtfd'Qm x'g]

;a}sf] cfFvf clxn] ;jf]{Rr cbfntlt/ 5 . ;+;b\ k'g:yf{kgfsf nflu k/]sf] d'2fdf ;jf]{Rr cbfntaf6 @! ut] cfkm\gf] /fo k|s6 ug]{ ltly to ePsf] 5 . oBlk of] ltly s]xL ;do k/ ;g]{ rrf{ ;'? ePsf] 5 . t/ ltly eGbf klg dxTjk"0f{ s'/f o;sf] km};nf xf] . km};nf k|wfgdGqLsf] l;kmfl/; ab/ u/]/ k|ltlglw;ef k'ghL{ljt u/fpg] k|sf/sf] xf];\ eGg] rfxgf w]/}sf] b]lvG5 . of] rfxgf /fhgLlts bnx?sf] OR5f / gful/sx?sf] efjgfdfq geP/ ;+ljwfgsf] dd{, :jo+ ;jf]{Rr cbfntsf] klxn]sf km};nfx?sf] glh/, k|hftflGqs k/Dk/f Pj+ ;+s6sfnsf] a]nf cGo d'n'sx?df ul/g] Joj:yf cg'?k klg 5 . t/ cfhsf] jftfj/0fdf s'g} ck|Toflzt lg0f{o ePdf s;}nfO{ cfZro{ nfUg] 5}g .

;jf]{Rr cbfnt eg]sf] b'O{ emul8ofx?aLrsf] d'2f ldnfpg] ;+oGq dfq geP/ d'n'snfO{ lbzfaf]w u/fpg] / ;a}sf] ;Dj}wflgs clwsf/sf] ;'/Iff ug]{ ;jf{lws ;Ddflgt c+u xf] . o;n] s'g} d'2fsf] km};nf dfq ub}{g, b]zsf] d"n sfg'g ;+ljwfgdf c:ki6 ePsf s'/fnfO{ :ki6 kfg]{ tyf ;+ljwfgsf] efjgf ljk/Lt ePsf sfdx?nfO{ ;Rofpg ;DalGwt kIfnfO{ lgb]{lzt klg ub{5 . ;jf]{Rr cbfntsf] of] lhDd]bf/Lsf] sf/0fn] klg jt{dfg l:yltdf cbfntn] k|wfgdGqL b]pjfsf] cgfjZos, b]zlxt ljk/Lt tyf ;+ljwfgsf] efjgf, k|aGw Pj+ d'n'ssf] jftfj/0fsf] k|lts'nsf] lg0f{o q'l6k"0f{ /x]sf] 3f]if0ff ug'{ c:jfefljs x'g] 5}g . cbfntn] @! ut] To:tf] 3f]if0ff ;'gfPdf Gofofno / k|hftGqk|lt hgtfsf] cf:yf / ljZjf; clea[l4 x'g'sf ;fy} l;+uf] d'n'sn] g} /fxtsf] ;f; km]g]{ 5 . dfcf]jfbL cft+s, ;+s6sfn / To;dfly s;}n] grfx]sf] ;dodf NofOPsf] r'gfjn] ps';d's';df u'lh|/x]sf hgtfsf nflu cbfntsf] o:tf] km};nf d'lQmbftf klg aGg ;Qm5 .

k|hftflGqs k4lt k'g:yf{kgf ePsf ljt]sf !@ jif{df of] kl5Nnf] k6s hlt of] k4ltdfly g} g}/fZotf a9\g] sfd o; cl3 ePsf lyPgg\ . k|hftGq /xg] xf] ls ;dfKt x'g] xf] eGg] Pp6f ;fgf] TofGb|f]df l;+uf] k4ltsf] k|f0f clNemg k'u]sf] cj:yf clxn] 5 . cf}iflwn] hLjg lbG5 of] ;To xf] t/ ToxL cf}iflw j];dodf k|of]u u¥of] eg] Tof] k|f0f x}g tYo klg aGg ;Qm5 . clxn]sf] r'gfj To:t} 5 . of] ;DkGg eof] eg] To;n] s'g} gofF kl/0ffd lbg ;Sg] cj:yf 5}g . lgjf{rg ;DkGg x'g ;s]g eg] To;kl5 k|hftGq s] x'G5 < h;n] r'gfjnfO{ lgDtf lbg'eof]– b]zsf k|wfgdGqL af/Daf/ elg/xg' ePsf] 5– r'gfj ;dod} x'G5 . t/ sf]xL kTofO/x]sf 5}gg . ltgnfO{ ljZjf; lbnfpg k|wfgdGqL :jo+ cfkm"eGbf cGoqsf lgsfox?nfO{ b]vfO/xg' ePsf] 5 . k|hftflGqs k4ltaf6 k|wfgdGqL aGg' ePsf JolQmsf lat]sf s]xL ;do otfsf ck|hftflGqs ultljlwx?n] klg z+sf dfly z+sf yKb}5g\ .

b]zdf oltv]/ ;+s6sfn nfu" 5 . ljz]if kl/l:ylt ePsf] x'Fbf of] sfnsf] 3f]if0ffnfO{ ;a}n] :jLsf/] . t/ df}lns xssf nueu ;a} k|fjwfg lgnlDat ePsf] cj:yfdf ToxL xssf] ;s];Dd a9L k|of]u ug'{kg]{ b'O{ ljk/Lt s'/fx? Ps} rf]6L ;Dej x'G5 ls x'Fb}g cbftnn] :ki6 kfg'{ kg]{ cj:yf clxn] cfPsf] 5 . ;+;b\nfO{ Pp6f sfd lhDdf nufP/ ToxL k|of]hgsf nflu To;nfO{ lqmofzLn agfPkl5 ToxL sfddf To;n] :jtGq lg0f{o ug{ gkfpFb} To;}nfO{ ;dfKt ug]{ sfd k|hftflGqs ;+ljwfgsf] dd{ / efjgf cg'?k xf] < xf] eg] s;/L xf] / To:t} k/Dk/f a:b} uPdf Tof] lgsfon] eljiodf cfkm\gf] :jtGq e"ldsfnfO{ s;/L lgjf{x ug{ ;Qm5 < To;sf] sfo{ If]qdf o;/L x:tIf]k e}/xg] xf] / To:tf] x:tIf]knfO{ dfGotf lbO/xg] xf] eg] ;fj{ef}d;Qf ;DkGg hgtfsf] k|ltlglwTj x'g] Pp6} dfq lgsfo Tof] ;bgsf] e"ldsf slt :jtGq /x]sf] dfGg] < o:tf k|Zgx?sf] lg?k0f klg oxL @! ut]sf] km};nfaf6 x'g'kg]{5 . k|wfgdGqLn] k|ltlglw;ef lj36g ubf{ Tof] ;+:yf sDtLdf Tof] a]nf;Dd bf]if/lxt g} lyof] . To;n] s'g} lg0f{o g} ug{ gkfO{ To;af6 x'g] lg0f{osf] JolQmut k"j{ cg'dfgsf e/df To;sf] cl:tTjnfO{ ;dfKt ul/Psf] sfo{ ;Dj}wflgs c:ki6tfaf6 hlGdPsf] xf] ls q'l6a; jf ;+ljwfgn] To;sf] lgolt g} oxL ?kdf v8f u/]sf] xf] eGg] af/] ;jf]{Rrn] km]l/ Psk6s JofVof ug'{kg]{ ePsf] 5 . o; cl3 ePsf] JofVofn] rflx of] s'/fnfO{ c:jLsf/ u/]/ To;sf] :jtGq cl:tTj b]vfPsf] lyof] . k|ltlglw;ef k'glh{ljt eof] eg] ;+ljwfgsf wf/fx?sf] :jtGq cl:tTj sfod x'g] dfq xf]Og cbfntsf k"j{ JofVof / lg0f{ox? ;d]t ;Ddflgt x'g] 5g\ .

;jf]{Rrsf] Pp6f km};nfn] b]zdf ljBdfg s}of}+ ;+s6x?sf] ;dfwfg x'g] l:ylt clxn] 5 . k|ltlglw;ef lj36g s]jn k|wfgdGqLsf] JolQmut nx8af6 dfq ePsf] xf]Og egL b/af/ nufotsf ljleGg lgsfok|lt ul/Psf] cf/f]k / cfz+sf of] Pp6f lg0f{oaf6} ;dfKt x'g]5 . ;+s6sfn h:tf] cj:yfdf r'gfj eGg] s'/f nueu c;Dej g} xf] . To:tf] a]nfdf klg k|wfgdGqLn] lsg o:tf] sbd rfNg' eof] clxn];Dd s;}n] a'em\g ;s]sf 5}gg\ . k|wfgdGqL cfkm+}n] klg ‘of] d]/f] OR5f xf]Og afWotfsf] sbd xf]’ egL af/Daf/ eGb} x'g'x'G5 . To;}n] ;+;b\ k'g:yf{kgf ePdf k|wfgdGqL z]/axfb'/ b]pjfsf] klg OHht /xg] 5 . pxfFn] clxn];Dd of] lj36gsf] cf}lrTo ;fljt ug{ ;Sg' ePsf] 5}g . pxfFsf] kIfd} nfu]sf sfo{stf{x? klg elg/x]sf 5g\– kf6L{ km'6fPsf] eP klg ;+;b\ lj36g ug'{ rflx+ x'Fb}glyof] . r'gfjsf] tof/Lsf nflu gofF kf6L{sf] ;do v} < olt yf]/} cjlwdf ;a} lhNnfdf ;+u7g ug{ s;/L ;lsG5 < ;Qfdf eP klg lhNnfsf nf]slk|o / hgfwf/ ePsf sfo{stf{x? ;/sf/L kIfdf cfPgg\ . 5'§} kf6L{sf] x}l;otdf r'gfj u/fpgsf nflu yf]/} k};fn] k'Ub}g . o;sf] nflu k|wfgdGqLn] v'daxfb'/ v8\sf / ljho uR5bf/sf x/]s OR5f k"/f u/]/ klg ;Dej x'Fb}g . pxfFn] x/]s lsl;dsf ck/fw ug'{kg]{5 . t:s/x?l;t gfhfoh ;Demf}tf ug'{kg]{5 . x/]s Jofkf/Lsf] ;]jf ug'{kg]{5 . t:s/, sldzgvf]/ / e|i6frf/Lx?sf] s7k'tnL ag]/ a:g' kg]{5 . t/ r'gfj tTsfn gx'g] ePdf of] ;a emGem6, hfnh]n / afWotfaf6 pxfF klg d'Qm x'g'x'g]5 .

clxn] b]zdf b]lvPsf] d"n ;d:of dfcf]jfbL g} xf] . x/]s lgsfo, tx / JolQmx?n] dfcf]jfbLx?nfO{ g} d"n ;d:of egL cf}+NofO/x]sf 5g\ . ;+;b\ k'g:yf{kgf eof] eg] of] ;d:of klg lsgf/f nfUg ;S5 . ;+;b\ k'g:yf{kgf eof] eg] dfcf]jfbLx?nfO{ jftf{sf] 6]a'ndf NofP/ d"nwf/df k|j]z u/fpg b]zn] ;do kfpg]5 . r'gfjsf] ;do nlDaof] eg] dfcf]jfbLx? cfkm\gf] clxn]sf] lh2Ldf k'glj{rf/ ug]{ ;Defgjf a9\b} uPsf] 5 . ltgsf cleJolQmx?n] oxL s'/f atfO/x]sf 5g\ . pgLx? ca ‘jftf{ / ;Djfb’df a9L hf]8 lbO/x]sf 5g\ . t/ t'?Gt} d'n's r'gfjdf xf]ldof] eg] pgLx?l;t jftf{ / ;Djfb ug]{ s'/fn] k|fyldstf kfpg] 5}g . dfcf]jfbLnfO{ aflx/ g} /fv]/ r'gfj u/fpg] xf] eg] pgLx?n] Wj+;fTds gLlt ckgfpg] / r'gfj g} layf]Ng] wDsL lbO;s]sf 5g\ . clxn]sf] cft+su|:t jftfj/0fdf r'gfj ljyf]Ng pgLx?n] w]/} kl/>d klg ug'{ gknf{ . pgLx?nfO{ aflx/ /fv]/ u/fOPsf] r'gfjsf] /fhgLlts dxTj klg x'g ;Qm}g . x/]s kl5Nnf r'gfjsf] kl/0ffd eljio lgdf{0f tkm{ cfzfd'vL ePg, s'g} ;dfwfg lbg ;Sg] ;Defjgf b]vfpg ;d]t g;Sg] eof] eg] Tof] r'gfjsf] s'g} cy{ /xFb}g . dfcf]jfbLx? klg ;xefuL x'g] jftfj/0f ag]kl5 r'gfj ePdf To;n] d'n'ssf] Pp6f h6Ln /fhgLlts ;d:ofsf] ;dfwfg ;d]t ug]{5 . ;+;b\ hLljt ePdf Tof] jftfj/0f klg lgdf{0f x'g] ;Defjgf k|z:t 5 .

r'gfj 3f]if0ff ePsf] b'O{ dlxgf eGbf a9L e};s]sf] 5 . t/ of] a]nf;Dd ;fgf 7"nf, ;Qf?9 ljkIfL s'g} bnn] r'gfjk|lt cle?lr b]vfPsf] kfOPg . logLx? ;a} ;jf]{Rr cbfntsf] of] km};nfs} k|tLIffdf /x]sf kfOPsf 5g\ . cbftnsf k"j{ km};nfx?n] of] lj36g :yflkt x'G5 eGg]df pgLx? ljZj:t x'g ;ls/x]sf 5}gg\ . zflGtk"0f{ ;dodf ;DkGg x'g'kg]{ sfd 3g3f]/sf] czflGt sfn h;nfO{ ;/sf/ :jo+n] ;+s6sfn elg :jLsf/]sf] 5, ;DkGg x'gsf nflu rflxg] ljZj:t sf/0f gb]lvPsf] x'Fbf klg kf6L{x? r'gfjk|lt cfslif{t x'g ;ls/x]sf 5}gg\ . ;fdfGo cjlw eGbf aLrdf x'g] r'gfj k|lt ;aeGbf a9L rf;f] ljkIfLnfO{ x'g'kg]{ xf] . t/ k|d'v k|ltkIfL bn Pdfn] ;d]t kl5Nnf lbgx?df r'gfjk|lt pbfl;g /x]sf] b]lvof] . clxn]sf] jftfj/0fdf r'gfj eof] g} eg] klg s'g} klg kf6L{n] ax'dt Nofpg] l:ylt 5}g . k|d'v k|ltkIfL bn Pdfn]sf] pT;fx 36\g'sf] sf/0f klg oxL xf] . sf+u|]; km'6]sf] cj:yfdf r'gfj x'g] ePsf] x'Fbf ax'dt kfpg] cfzf To;n] u/]sf] lyof] . t/ lbg laTb} hfFbf kl/l:ylt klg km]l/b} uP . cfkm"n] ax'dt Nofpg] ;Defjgf sd b]v]kl5 Pdfn] dfcf]jfbLnfO{ kmsfpg yfn]sf] 5 . r'gfjdf dfcf]jfbLsf] ;xof]u k|fKt ePdf r'gfj kl5 dfcf]jfbL ;d:of ;dfwfg ug{ cfkm" ;lqmo x'g] ljZjf; dfcf]jfbLx?nfO{ lbnfpg Pdfn] g]tfx?n] k|oTg ul//x]sf 5g\ . ut :yfgLo lgsfosf] lgjf{rgdf dfcf]jfbLx?nfO{ pkof]u ul/Psf]n] o;kN6 klg pgLx?nfO{ /fhL ug{ ;lsg] cfzf Pdfn]sf s]xL g]tfn] u/]sf 5g\ . t/ dfcf]jfbLx? clxn] Pdfn]k|lt lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnfeGbf a9L s7f]/ / gsf/fTds b]lvG5g\ . dfcf]jfbLsf] ;xof]u gePdf Pdfn]sf] r'gfj lhTg] ;kgf Wj:t x'g]5 . r'gfjkl5 sbflrt lqz+s' ;+;b\ aGof] eg] To;sf] kl/0ffd s] xf]nf < o; cl3 lqz+s' ;+;b\ ag]sf] a]nf d'n'sdf lelqPsf] ljs[lt / lj;+ultl;t ;a} kl/lrt 5g\ . t;y{ clxn] r'gfj u/fpg'sf] cy{ b]z leq yk ljs[lt / lj;+ult k|j]z u/fpg' x'G5 . ;+;b\sf] bf];|f] ljkIfL /f=k|=kf=, t];|f] hgdf]rf{ / rf}yf] ;befjgf cflb kf6L{x?n] klg k|=d=sf] sbdsf]] lj/f]w g} ul//x]sf 5g\ .

g]kfnL sf+u|];sf ;efklt lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnf t /ftlbg ;+;b\ k'g:yf{kgfsf] ;kgf b]v]/ al;/xg' ePsf] h:tf] 5 . pxfFn] ;+;b\ k'g:yf{kgf ePdf kf6L{leqsf] emu8f klg ldNg] / k|hftGq klg hf]lug] ljrf/ JoQm ul/;Sg' ePsf] 5 . ;+;b\ k'g:yf{kgf ePdf ;a}eGbf a9L v'zL x'g] g]tf ;Djet sf]O/fnf g} x'g'x'g] 5 . of] km};nfn] g]kfnL sfFu|];sf] eljiodf lg0ff{os k|efj kfg]{ 5 .

cbfntnfO{ km};nf ubf{ ;+ljwfgsf k':tsleq ;/sf/ cfkm}n] o:tf 7fpF 5f8]sf] 5 hxfF h'g kIfaf6 x]bf{ klg q'l6 g} q'l6 e]l6G5g\ . k|hftGq aRg], o;sf] ;+:yfut ljsf;sf] nflu d2t k'Ug], ;Dj]bgzLn lgsfox? z+sfsf] 3]/faf6 d'Qm x'g], b]zsf] ljBdfg ;d:of ;dfwfgsf nflu dxTjk"0f{ ?kn] ;Dj}wflgs af6f] v'Ng], ;j{;fwf/0f gful/s lrGtfd'Qm x'g] / k|hftGq dfly cfOk/]sf] ;Defljt vt/f 6g]{ sfd Pp6f km};nfaf6 x'G5 / To:tf] km};nf ug]{ y'k|} cj:yf k|wfgdGqLsf] of] Pp6f sfdn] ;[hgf u/]sf] 5 eg] cbfntn] To;f] lsg gunf{ < cfd gful/sx?aLr clxn] ;fdfGo e]63f6sf ;Gbe{df x'g] s'/fsfgLsf] Pp6} ljifo o:tf] k|Zgaf6 ;'? x'g] u/]sf] 5 .

ca em'Sofpg] s'/} 5}g

xl/x/ lj/xL

g]tfx?sf] ;a}eGbf 7"nf] ;f}Gbo{ / zlQm eg]sf] cfkm\gf] af]nLdf c8fg / jrgk|ltsf] OdfGbf/L xf] . l;4fGt gk9]sf jf ga'em]sf xhf/f}+ dflg;x? g]tfsf] Pp6f cfx\jfgdf cfGbf]ngdf, o'4df / cfuf]df xf]ldPsf x'G5g\ . pgLx?sf nflu g]tf eujfg, dftflktf / cleefjs ;/x x'G5 . ;]jf / ;kd{0f g} p;sf] Wo]o x'G5 . h'g g]tfn] c;Dej s'/f u5{, tTsfnsf] ;lhnf]sf] nflu h] klg af]N5, cfkm\gf] jrgsf] Vofn ub}{g / k6sk6s af]nL km]5{– To:tf g]tfn] cfkm\g} cg'ofoLx?sf] klg ljZjf; u'dfpF5, sfo{stf{x?n] To:tf g]tfnfO{ cGt:s/0faf6 >4f ub}{gg\ . h'g g]tfn] sfo{stf{ / hgtfsf] cGt:s/0fsf] cf:yf k|fKt ug{ ;Qm}g, To;nfO{ p hlt;'s} zlQmzfnL kbdf k'u] klg jf:tljs cy{df ;kmn dfGg ;ls+b}g . oBlk o:tf g]tfx?sf] k5fl8 klg s'g} s'g} a]nf 7"N7"nf] le8 b]lvG5, t/ le8 g} nf]slk|otf / ;Ddfgsf] k|df0f xf]Og . hLljt cj:yfdf, emg s'g} kbdf a;]sf] a]nf le8 hDdf kfg{ ;Sg' dfq g]tfsf] ;kmntf xf]Og . To;n] cd/Tj k|bfg ub}{g . Tof] ;kmntf s'g} u/Lj zx/sf], cJojl:yt j:tLsf] j]Zofn] u/]sf] ;:tf] / e2f >[+uf/ h:t} xf] . t/ o:tf] nfU5, cfhsf xfd|f g]tfnfO{ cfkm"df Tolt dfq cfsif{0f eP klg uf}/j cg'ej x'Fbf]/x]5 ÛÛ

clxn] sf+u|];L ‘dg;"g’ 5, sf+u|];s} g]tfsf] s'/f u/f}+ . eL8 b'j}lt/ 5 . b'j}lt/ y'k|} pxL cg'xf/ 5g\ . Tolt dfq x}g k|wfgdGqL b]pjfsf] ;efdf efif0f ug{ plePsf sltko g]tfx? ;d]t ‘cfb/0fLo ;efklt lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnf’ egL efif0f k|f/De u5{g\– lbdfudf ToxL 5, d'vaf6 ToxL lgl:sof] . /]l8of] g]kfnn] ‘g]kfnL sf+u|];sf ;efklt z]/axfb'/ b]pjf’ eGg yfn]sf] Ps dlxgf hlt eof] . k|ltlbg sDtLdf /]l8of]n] %)–^) k6s of] jfSo af]N5, t/ of] jfSof+z ;'Gbf x/]s kN6 dfG5] xf:5g\ / lghL ;~rf/ dfWodn] o;f] eGof] jf n]Vof] eg] æof] ;/sf/L /x]5Æ eG5g\ . cyf{t\ b]pjf g]kfnL sf+u|];sf] ;efklt ePsf] s'/f :jLsfg{ s;}sf] dg tof/ 5}g . Pp6f hdfgf lyof], h'ga]nf ‘sfnf] cIf/df 5flkPsf]’ x/]s s'/fnfO{ ;To 7fGg] hgtf lyP . clxn]sf hgtf To:tf 5}gg\ eGg] k|=d= b]pjfn] cjZo a'em\g' ePsf] x'g'k5{ . cfhsf gful/s g]tfx?sf x/]s s'/fdf z+sf u5{g\ . plxNo} /Tgkfs{df bfFt ;kmf ug]{ gSsnL kfp08/ a]Rg jf ‘;a} /f]usf] Pp6} cf}iflw’ le8fpg r6s]n] ug]{ s/fdtdf hlt ljZjf; ul/GYof] / s'g} hfb'u/n] ?dfnnfO{ d';f jf la/fnf] agfPsf] s'/f hlt kTofOG5– cfhsf g]tfk|lt dflg;sf] Tolt klg ljZjf; 5}g . ;fO{afafsf] t:jL/df lje"lt jf cjL/ em/]sf] ;To s'/f atfpFbf klg eQmx? afx]s sf]xL kTofpb}g . g]kfnL /fhgLlts ;Gbe{df eGg] xf] eg] g]kfnL sf+u|]; km'6]sf] sf]xL kTofpFb}gg\ . ;a} eGb5g\–‘clxn] km'6] h:tf] u5{g\ / ef]ln ldN5g\ .’ g]=sf=df s[i0fk|;fb e§/fO{ / lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnf hLljt x'FbfxFb}, bf];|f] k':tfsf] dfG5], emg\ sf]O/fnf kl/jf/ aflx/sf] ;efklt eof] eGg] sf]xL kTofpFb}gg\ . em'Sofpg] s'/} 5}g .

k|hftGqsf] k'g:yf{kgfkl5sf] of] cjlwdf sf+u|]; afx]s ;a} /fli6«o kf6L{ -Pdfn], /fk|kf, ;b\efjgf_ km'6] / tL ;a} ldn] . g]kfnL sf+u|]; o;df ckjfb gxf]nf . sf+u|];Lx? cfk;df ldn] eg] s;}n] cfZro{ gdfg] x'G5 . c? kf6L{ km'6\g'sf] k5fl8 hlt sf/0f lyof], of] slyt ljefhgsf] k5fl8 Tolt klg 5}g . km'6\g' kg]{ / kf6L{ 5f]8\g' kg]{ s'g} sf/0f lyPg . ljb|f]xL k|=d=b]pjf / g]sfk|lt cf:yfjfg pxfFsf ;xof]uLx?sf] clxn] klg egfO 5– ;efklt sf]O/fnf cln pbf/ eP/ dfkmLsf] 3f]if0ff u/]sf] eP kf6L{ km'6\g] lyPg . cyf{t\ sf]O/fnfsf] g]t[Tj pxfFx?nfO{ :jLsfo{ g} lyof] . t/ s'g} g]tf jf sfo{stf{n] cfkm\gf] g]tfnfO{ /fi6«3ftL / e|i6frf/L 7fG5 < /fi6«3ftL / e|i6frf/L g]tfsf] dftxtdf sfd ug{ sf]xL rfxG5 < g]tf eg]sf] sd{rf/L xf]Og, h;n] cfkm\gf] xflsdsf] rl/q x]b}{g . k|=d= b]pjfn] xfn} sf]O/fnfnfO{ 6gsk'/df /fi6«3ft / nfp8fdf e|i6frf/ u/]sf] cf/f]k nufPsf] s'/f 5fkfdf cfPsf] 5 . x]Ssf /xf];\ h'ga]nf 6gsk'/ ;Demf}tf ePsf] lyof], Tof] a]nf b]pjf u[xdGqL x'g'x'GYof] . nfp8f sf08 x'Fbf pxfF sf]O/fnfn] dgf]gLt ug'{ePsf] s]Gb|Lo ;b:o x'g'x'GYof] . sf]O/fnfaf6 oL b'j} k|;+u sdhf]/L ePsf] x'g ;S5 . t/ s] sf]O/fnfn] cl:t dfkm u/]sf] eP b]pjfn] oL s'/f p7fpg' x'g] lyof] < ef]ln sf]O/fnfn] ‘Pstf’ ug{ rfxg'eof] eg] b]pjfn] d ‘/fi6«3ftL / e|i6frf/L’sf] g]t[Tj cGtu{t al:bg eGg'x'G5 < k|=d= b]pjf clxn] klg b'j} u'6nfO{ Pstfa4 ug{ OR5's x'g'x'G5 . pxfFsf] OHht /fvL lbP / k|=d= kb ;'/lIft u/L lbP pxfF sf]O/fnfsf] g]t[Tjdf sfd ug{ / cfkm\gf] u'6nfO{ ljno ug{ tTk/ x'g' ePsf] s'/f ;fj{hlgs eO;s]sf] 5 . s] To;a]nf klg pxfFn] sf]O/fnfnfO{ ‘/fi6«3ftL / e|i6frf/L’ eGg'x'g]5 < s] pxfF ‘/fi6«3ftL / e|i6frf/L’n] g]t[Tj u/]sf] bndf cfj4 x'g vf]Hg' ePsf] xf] < pxfF Tof] bndf kmls{gf;fy sf]O/fnf ‘z'4’ x'g'x'g]5 < :ki6 5– of] cj:yfdf o:tf cf/f]k– k|Tof/f]knfO{ ‘lj:d[lt’df /flvg]5, dgdf ;Lldt ul/g]5, d'2f agfOg] 5}g . t/ g]tfx?sf] ljZj;gLotf / k|lti7f lg < To;a]nf b]pjfsf ‘bLjfgf’n] pxfFsf] s:tf] d"Nof+sg unf{g\ < k|wfgdGqLsf] s';L{df pxfF ;w}+ a:g kfpg] xf]Og . of] ;'ljwf, ;Ddfg / zlQm pxfFn] ;w}+ kfpg] xf]Og . hgtfn] w]/}j6f k|wfgdGqL ef]lu;s]sf 5g\ . of] !@ jif{d} !@ k6s ;/sf/ kl/jt{g eof], ^ hgf k|wfgdGqL ag] . c?sf] s'/f 5f]8f}+, kf6L{sf] ;efklt g} /xg' ePsf / k|hftGq cfPkl5 ;a}eGbf a9L cjlw k|=d= aGg' ePsf sf]O/fnfsf] lxhf] / cfhsf] l:ylt x]/f}+– kbdf x'Fbf / gx'Fbf w]/} k/s k5{ . cfh h'g cfsif{0fn] dft[;+:yfnfO{ nft df/]/ b]pjfnfO{ ;fy lbPsf 5g\, tL ;a}n] k|ltkIfdf x'Fbf jf s'g} kbdf gx'Fbf klg o;}u/L ;xof]u ug]{5g\ eGg] glrtfP x'G5 . ;a}nfO{ ;w}+ ;Gt'i6 kfl//xg s;}n] klg ;Qm}g . sf]O/fnfn] klg ;Sg'ePg . b]pjfn] klg ;Sg' ePg . oL b'j} g]tfn] Ps csf{nfO{ klg ;s]gg\ . To;}n] cfkm" / kl/jf/sf] nflu x}g b]z / hgtfsf] nflu /fhgLlt ug]{ tyf tTsfnsf] :jfy{ x}g Oltxf;df cd/Tj rfxg] g]tfn] em'7 af]Ng] / sfo{stf{nfO{ em'Sofpg] /0fgLlt agfpg' plrt x'Fb}g . lsgeg] sf]xL klg em'lSsg] s'/} 5}g . b'j} g]tf lqmofzLn 5g\ . b'j}sf] ljz]iftf / sdhf]/L huhfx]/ 5 .

lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnf cl:t lj/f6gu/ uP/ eGg' eP5–‘ca xfd|f] kf6L{df OdfGbf/ dfq 5g\ . v/fa / :jfyL{x? klG5P . kf6L{df ca :jR5 5lj ePsf sfo{stf{sf] hd36 5 .’ o;n] pxfF of] ljefhgaf6 v'zL x'g' ePsf] ;+s]t u5{ . t/ s] ;fFlRr g} of] ljefhg pxfFsf] nflu v'zLs} s'/f xf] t < s] ca pxfFsf] kIfdf ‘:jR5’x? dfq 5g\ < s] b]pjflt/ nfu]sfx? :jfyL{ / v/fax? dfq 5g\ < To;f] xf] eg] s] 7fGg' k5{ eg] ls pxfFnfO{ s'g sfo{stf{ stf 5g\ eGg] hfgsf/L 5}g -Tof] sNkgf gu/f}+_ ls pxfFn] cfkm" b]zel/sf sf+u|];hgsf] lgjf{lrt ;efklt x'F eGg] la;{g' eof] . clxn] b]pjf kIfdf tL dfq nfu]sf 5}gg, hf] sf]O/fnfl;t ?i6 lyP . sf]O/fnf kIfn], cGhfgd} eP klg, cGofo u/]sf s}of}+ dfG5] Totf nfu]sf 5g\ . sf]xL sf]xL cj;/ / :jfy{sf] sf/0fn] klg nfu]sf xf]nfg\ . cj;/ / :jfy{sf] sf/0fn] ;/sf/sf] kIfdf :jefjtM w]/} nfU5g\ . ;Qf?9 kf6L{sf dfq x}g c?x? klg nfU5g\ . e§/fO{ / sf]O/fnf k|=d= x'Fbf klg nfu]sf lyP tyf pxfFx?n] kf6{sf OdfGbf/ / kLl8t sfo{stf{eGbf To:t} 56\6'nfO{ a9L ;xof]u ug'{ ePsf] lyof] . sf+u|]; ;+;bLo bnsf] g]tfsf] lgjf{rgdf ;efklt sf]O/fnf t6:y ga;L v'n]/ b]pjfsf k|ltåGåL ;'zLn sf]O/fnfsf] kIfdf nfUg' ePsf] eP b]pjfn] of] cj;/ gkfpg ;Dej lyof] . pxfFsf y'k|} ;xof]uLx?n] sf]O/fnfnfO{ of] cg'/f]w u/]sf x'g\ . ;efklt sf]O/fnfsf] t6:ytfsf sf/0f k|=d= aGg' ePsf b]pjf;+u cj;/ / ;xof]u dfUg s'g} sf+u|];hg uP eg] ltgsf] lgotdf z+sf ug'{ slt plrt x'G5 < sf]O/fnfsf] dlGqd08ndf a:g]x? b]pjfsf] dlGqd08ndf ;fd]n x'g' s] ck/fw xf] < sf]O/fnfn] k|=d= b]pjfsf] kIfdf hfg]x? ;a} sf+u|]; lj/f]wL x'g\ eGg] 7fGg' eP h:tf] 5 . t/ oyfy{ To:tf] 5}g . g]sfsf] ;efklt lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnf x'g, b]pjf xf]Og eGg] 3f]if0ff dfq lgjf{rg cfof]un] ugf{;fy l:ylt klN6g] 5 . b]pjf 8km\kmf d"nwf/d} cfpg] 5 . s] To;a]nf sf]O/fnfn] ætL v/fa– oL c;nÆ eGg ;Sg' x'G5 < clxn] b]pjflt/ nfu]sf ;a} dfG5] cl:t;Dd sf]O/fnfs} g]t[Tj / lgb]{zgdf sfo{/t lyP . c?sf] s'/f 5f]8f}+, b]pjf, v'daxfb'/ v8\sf, ljho uR5bf/, hok|sfz u'Ktf, lr/~hLjL jfUn] ;a}nfO{ pxfFn] g} dGqL agfPsf] xf]Og < logLx?sf] g]t[Tj pxfFn] g} ug'{ ePsf] xf]Og < clxn] k|=d= b]pjfsf] dlGqd08ndf /x]sf logLx? / b]pjfsf] dGqL d08ndf g/x]sf uf]ljGb/fh hf]zL, 8f=/fdj/0f ofbj, cfgGb 9'+ufgf cflbdf s] tflTjs cGt/ xf]nf / < e|i6frf/, sldzgvf]/L / P]g sfg'gsf] ckx]ngf clxn] a9]sf] x'g;S5, t/ s] klxn] o:tf] lyPg < clxn]sf æv/faÆ dGqLsf] afgL b]pjf k|=d= ePkl5 lalu|Psf] xf] ls klxn] g} ljlu|Psf] lyof] < sfo{stf{x? cfkm}+ 3';vf]/ / e|i6 ePsf x'g\ < g]tfx?n] cfTdf ;fIfL /fv]/ ;f]Rg' k5{ . cfkm\gf] tkm{af6 ePsf] uNtL dx;'; ub}{ OdfGbf/Lk"j{s sfd ug]{ xf] eg] of] ;d:of /ftf/ft ldNg ;S5 . g]tf / sfo{stf{x?aLrsf] ;DaGw lsg ljlu|of] eGg] w]/}n] yfxf kfO;s]sf 5g\ . yfxf gkfpg]x?n] cg'dfg u/]sf 5g\ . ;a} cg'dfg unt g7xg{ ;S5 . em'Sofpg] s'/} 5}g .

g]kfnL sf+u|]; oyfl:yltdf l6Sg ;Qm}g . of] PsLs[t x'g'k5{ / o;sf] ;+/rgfdf Jofks ;'wf/ x'g'k5{ . ;efklt sf]O/fnfn] of] jrg w]/} klxn] ;fj{hlgs ?kd} lbg' ePsf] xf] . t/ sf]O/fnfsf] jrgsf] e/f];f 5}g . of] cg'e"lt pxfFn] oxL ;ftf klg u/fpg'eof] . cl:t pxfFn] eGg'eof]— ‘k|hftGq g} ;+s6df k/]sf] a]nfdf kf6L{df s] kl/jt{g ug]{ < g]t[Tj sxfF x:tfGt/0f ug]{ <’ pxfF ;+;b\ k'g:yf{kgf ;DaGwL ;jf]{Rr cbfntsf] km};nf gcfP;Dd kf6L{df s'g} kl/jt{g ug'{ x'Gg eGg] ;a}n] dx;'; u/]sf 5g\ . cbfntsf] km};nf pxfFsf] OR5f cg';f/ eof] eg] vf; kl/jt{g gx'g klg ;Dej 5 . qmflGtsf/L g]tf kf6L{nfO{ ultzLn agfpg' kg]{ a]nfdf rflx+ oyfl:yltjfbL x'g' ePsf] 5 . cbfntsf] lg0f{o s'g{' kl/jt{gnfO{ 6fNg] lgot dfq 7x5{ . pxfF pbf/ eP/ ;a}nfO{ ;d]6\g] eGbf cfkm\gf] cledfgsf] dflns aGg]lt/ nfUg' ePsf] k|tLt x'G5 .

;efklt sf]O/fnfn] ca kf6L{df dfofF / bofsf] s'g} :yfg gx'g] tyf bofsf] cfwf/df kf6L{ ;+rfng gx'g] 3f]if0ff ug'{ ePsf] 5 . bof / dfofF g/fd|f] s'/f xf]Og . o;nfO{ pxfFn] lsg jlh{t ug{ vf]Hg' ePsf] xf], :ki6 5}g . t/ s] s'/f :ki6 5 eg] sf]O/fnfaf6 ctLtdf ePsf lgo'lQm / dgf]gog klg g bofsf] efjgfn] k|]l/t lyof], g dfofFn] . ls cfkmGtjfb lyof], ls cGwelQm jf lghL ;xof]u jfktsf] k'/:sf/ lyof] . Pp6} JolQmnfO{ s]Gb|Lo ;b:o klg, dGqL klg . /fli6«o ;ef klg, s]Gb|Lo ;b:o klg . s]Gb|Lo ;ldltdf xf/]sf dGqLnfO{ klg dgf]gog klg, dGqL klg . ;efklt / k|=d= 5'§f5'§} JolQm ePsf] a]nf x}g sf]O/fnf :jo+ cfkm}+ b'a} kbdf a;]sf a]nf klg o:tf] eof] . ;xfos jf /fHodGqL x'Fbf cIfd / e|i6 7xl/PsfnfO{ csf]{ k'gu{7gdf x6fpg] ;§f kbf]Gglt eof] . h'gdGqL e|i6frf/df a9L rlr{t x'G5, csf]{ kN6 p;nfO{ cem a9L{ e|i6frf/ x'g] dGqfno lbOG5 . h'g dgf]gLt ;b:o s]Gb|Lo ;ldltsf nflu cg'ko'Qm b]lvG5, To;nfO{ ljefluo k|d'v / c? ;ldltsf] ;d]t lhDd]bf/L ylkG5 . dxflwj]zgdf hf] h'g kbdf k/fhLt ePsf] xf], ToxL kbdf dgf]gLt ul/G5 . dxflwj]zg / dxf;ldltsf] DofG8]6 / efjgf ljk/Lt sfd x'G5 . oL tYox?n] s] ;Gb]z lbG5 < sf]O/fnf ;efklt / k|=d= b'a} x'g'eof] . t/ g kf6L{sf] ;+rfng / Joj:yfkg k|efjsf/L / ultzLn eof], g ;Qf ;+rfng kf/bzL{ / pQ/bfoLk"0f{ eof] . pxfFnfO{ ;"rgfsf] cefj lyPg . 5}g . pxfFs} 5fofFdf v'n]cfd e|i6frf/ / cjfl~5t ultljlw eO/x]sf] k|i6 yfxf x'Fbf klg sf]O/fnfn] tL hfgsf/LnfO{ r'/f]6sf] w'Fjf;Fu} p8fO lbg'eof] . s] To:tf sfo{ / sdhf]/Lsf] nflu pxfFnfO{ k5'tf] 5 < s] ca pxfFaf6 sfo{stf{x?sf] d"Nof+sg ubf{ cfkmGt / cfkm"k|ltsf] JolQmut lgi7feGbf kf6L{k|ltsf] jkmfbf/L, of]Uotf, of]ubfg / ;dk{0fnfO{ k|fyldstf lbOPnf < ca s]Gb|Lo sfo{;ldlt kl/jt{g ubf{ sf]O/fnf cfkmGtjfbsf] dfgl;stfaf6 d'Qm x'g' xf]nf < sf]O/fnfn], s]xL ;dos} nflu eP klg, of] ;f]r / z}nL b]vfpg'eof] eg] clxn] cf]OnfPsf] sf+u|];df t'?Gt} gofF hLjg cfpg ;S5 . g]tfn] c?sf] ljjztfaf6 nfe p7fpg] / zf]if0f ug]{ rfxgf /fVg' x'Fb}g tyf af]n]sf] s'/f k"/f ug]{ k|oTg ug'{kb{5 . ;a}nfO{ ;w}+ em'Sofpg s;}n] klg ;Qm}g .

cfhsn ;;fgf ;fdfu|Lsf lj1fkg ubf{ klg eGg] ul/G5— ‘em'Sofpg] s'/} 5}g .’ ljZj;gLotfdf x|f; cfpg'sf] kl/0ffd xf] of] . To;}n] g]tfx?n] dx;'; ug'{k5{ ls ca hgtf / sfo{stf{nfO{ em'Sofpg] k|oTg ug'{ Joy{ 5 . h] ;To xf], Tof] eGg' k5{, :jLsfg'{ k5{ / uNtL ;'wfg'{ k5{ .

lgjf{rg cfof]un] 6\jfs\ yfKof]

;/sf/n] tf]s]sf] ;dod} lgjf{rg u/fpg zflGt ;'/Iffsf cltl/Qm cfly{s ;d:ofn] klg lgjf{rg cfof]unfO{ lk/f]Ng yfn]sf] 5 . ;/sf/n] lgjf{rgsf] ldlt tf]s] kl5 g} ah]6 NofPsf] ePtf klg ah]6df 5'6\ofOPsf] /sdn] lgjf{rg ;'rf? ?kn] ;+rfng ug{ cfof]un] g;Sg] ePsf] 5 . To;}n] cfof]un] ljleGg bft[;+:yfx?;+u ;xof]usf nflu ‘6\jfs’ yfKg ljjz ePsf] 5 . cfof]un] xfn} ljleGg b]zsf s'6gLlt1x?, bft[ ;+3 ;+:yf / cGt/f{li6«o u}/;/sf/L ;+u7gsf k|ltlglwx?;+u cgf}krfl/s ?kdf s'/f u/]/ r'gfj u/fpg] sfddf ;xof]u ug{ cg'/f]w ub}{ sltko 7fpFdf cfkm"n] ck]Iff u/]sf] ;xof]usf] ljj/0f lnlvt ?kdf ;d]t k7fPsf] 5 . t/ s'6gLlts lgof]u / bft[ ;d'bfox? b]zdf a9\bf] e|i6frf/ / ;/sf/sf] ck|hftflGqs z}nLn] ubf{ To; k|sf/sf] ;xof]u ug{ OR5's 5}gg\ . pgLx?sf] egfO 5– ev{/ k|hftGqsf] ljsf; x'g nfu]sf] g]kfnnfO{ lgjf{rg h:tf] k|hftflGqs k|lqmofdf ;xof]u ug{ xfdL tTk/ 5f}+, t/ k|hftflGqs d"No dfGotf / ;+:yfut ;+/rgf k|lt :jo+ oxfFsf] ;/sf/sf] lgi7f b]lvb}g . c;dod} ;+;b\ lj36g ugf{n] k|hftflGqs ;+/rgfdf cf3ft k'u]sf] 5 . clxn] dWofjlw r'gfj cfjZos lyPg . :yfgLo lgsfo lgjf{rg gx'g' klg k|hftflGqs ;+/rgfnfO{ sdhf]/ kfg'{ xf] . To; dfly xfdLn] lbPsf] ;xof]usf] ;b'kof]u klg x'Fb}g . To;}n] ;/sf/s} sf/0f xfdL p;n] rfx] h:tf] ;xof]u lbg c;dy{ 5f}+ .’

o;/L ;/sf/sf] b'irl/qsf] gsf/fTds kl/0ffd lgjf{rg cfof]un] ;d]t ef]Ug' kg]{ nIf0f 5 . t/ cf;Gg lgjf{rgnfO{ tf]lsPsf] ;dod} ;DkGg u/fpg cfof]u ;fwg ;|f]t h'6fpg] cleofgdf nfu]sf] 5 . Pp6f P]ltxfl;s /fhgLlts kf6L{sf] ;efklt sf] xf] eGg] 3f]if0ff ug{ cfof]un] b]vfPsf] sdhf]/L ljb]zLx?sf nflu pb]ssf] ljifo ePsf] 5 . cflv/ g]kfnL sf+u|];sf] ;efklt lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnf xf]Og eGg] cfwf/ cfof]u;+u 5}g . b]zsf /fhgLlts 36gfqmd;+u ;a} kl/lrt 5g\ . t/ of] clg0f{on] cfof]unfO{ Hofb} cIfd / sdhf]/ l;4 u/]sf] dfq 5}g, ko{j]Ifs / s'6gLlts ;d'bfosf] ;xfg'e"lt klg u'dfPsf] cfef; kfOG5 .

pQm ljj/0fdf lgjf{rg ;DkGg u/fpg em08} * b]lv !) s/f]8 ?k}ofF a/fa/sf ;xof]u pknAw u/fpg cg'/f]w ul/Psf] 5 . cfof]un] ut r'gfjdf k|of]u ePsfdWo] clwsf+z dtbfg afs;x? plrt e08f/0fsf sf/0f lvof nfu]/ yf]qf e} ;s]sfn] cfufdL r'gfjsf nflu yk ^ xhf/ % ;o dtbfg afs; cfjZos kg]{ hgfPsf] 5 . cfof]un] cfkm"nfO{ clt cfjZos ;fdfu|LdWo] !# k|sf/sf ;fdfg rflx+ ljb]zLx?;+u dfu]sf] 5 . bftfx?nfO{ cfof]un] alnof] / Ps 7fpFaf6 csf]{ 7fpFdf ;xh} n}hfg ;lsg] xNsf vfnsf dtbfg k]l6sf pknAw u/fO{ lbg cg'/f]w u/]sf] 5 . ^,%)) dtbfg k]l6sf rflxg] / of] vl/b ug{ ! s/f]8 (% nfv nfUg] cfof]usf] cg'dfg 5 .

lgjf{rg cfof]u / cfof]usf lhNnf l:yt sfof{nox? aLr ;Dks{ sfod ug{ xfd|f] h:tf] ef}uf]lns ljljwtf ePsf] d'n'sdf 6]lnkm\ofS; clt /fd|f] pks/0f ePsf] atfpFb} $) j6f gofF d]lzg cfjZos /x]sf] hgfPsf] 5 . tL d]lzg vl/b ug{ !) nfv nfUg] cfof]un] 7x/ u/]sf] 5 .

b]zsf !( j6f lhNnfdf clxn] klg ;8s oftfoft c;Dej k|foM 5 . ToxfF 6]lnkmf]g 7Kk /x]sf]n] lhNnfaf6 s]Gb|df ;Dks{ cTofw'lgs ;~rf/ ;]6 h:tf] ;]6nfO6 df]jfOn jf cGo s'g} pks/0f cfjZos kg]{ ePsfn] To:tf ;~rf/ pks/0f pknAw u/fpg cfof]un] bftfx?;+u cg'/f]w u/]sf] 5 . tL pks/0fx?sf] k|ljlwnfO{ b[li6ut u/L d"No tf]lsg] s'/f cfof]un] pNn]v u/]sf] 5 .

;dod} ;'/lIft ?kdf dtkqsf] 5kfO{, jfOl08· / gDal/· ug{ ;'/If0f k|]; g} cfjZos /x]tf klg ;dosf sf/0f tTsfn Tof] sfo{ c;Dej /x]sf] pNn]v ub}{ cfof]un] To;sf] j}slNks Joj:yfsf ?kdf :jrflnt ?kdf dtkq ug{ ;Sg] / gDal/· ug]{ d]lzg dfu u/]sf] 5 . pQm d]lzg lsGg ^& nfv kg]{ / tLg dlxgf leq} ;Dk"0f{ sfd k"/f x'g] cfof]usf] bfjL 5 . To:tf] d]lzg lsGbf nfUg] vr{sf] Ps ltxfO{ /sd cfof]udf 8flg8fåf/f ;+rflnt cfof]hgfaf6 Aoxf]l/g] klg kqdf pNn]v 5 . lgjf{rg cfof]un] o; cl3sf r'gfjx?df hgs lzIff ;fdfu|L s]Gb|sf] k|];af6 dtkq 5fKg] sfd ub}{ cfPsf] lyof] / gofF :jrflnt k|]; Nofpg ! ca{ $) s/f]8 nfUg] cfof]usf] egfO 5 .

To:t} lgjf{rgsf a]nf dtbftfx?sf] xftdf nufpg] d;Lsf nflu @@ nfv vr{ x'g] atfOPsf] 5 . cfof]un] k|To]s dtbfg s]Gb|sf nflu #) Pd=Pn=sf sDtLdf # j6f d;L cfjZos kg]{ / b]ze/L r'gfj u/fpFbf To:tf] @$ nfv ;L=;L=d;L rflxg] k"jf{g'dfg u/]sf] 5 . cfof]un] b]ze/L r'gfj u/fpg ^ xhf/ dtbftf kl/rflnt ug'{ kg]{ atfpFb} pgLx?nfO{ tflnd lbg @ s/f]8 $) nfv vr{ x'g] hgfPsf] 5 . of] /sd cfof]udf 8flg8fåf/f 5'§fOPsf] /sdaf6 vlr{g] ePsf] 5 . cfof]usf] ;"q cg';f/, dtbfg clws[tx?nfO{ k|lzIf0f lbgsf nflu k|To]s If]qsf nflu !÷! hgfsf b/n] @)% hgf k|lzIfsx?nfO{ s]Gb|df tflnd pknAw u/fOg] ePsf] 5 . cfof]un] Tof] tflndsf nflu @% nfv vr{ x'g] cg'dfg u/]sf] 5 . of] /sd klg 8flg8fåf/f ;+rflnt kl/of]hgfn] Aoxf]g{] 5 . cfof]un] ;"rgf s]Gb|sf nflu cfw'lgs sDKo'6/, OG6/g]6 ;]jf, kmf]6f]skL d]lzg, l8lh6n :Soflg·, / l8lh6n kmf]6f]u|fkmL ;DaGwL pks/0f /fVgsf nflu yk $) nfv /sd dfu u/]sf] 5 . cfof]un] dtbftf kl/rokq cWofjlws ug{ cfjZos kg]{ pks/0f vl/bsf nflu &% nfv ?k}ofFsf] ah]6 agfPsf] 5 .

dtbftfsf] gfdfjnL / dt kl/0ffd OG6/g]6df /fVgsf nflu cfjZos ef}lts ;fdfu|L vl/b ug{ / cGo Joj:yf ldnfpg #% nfv, dtbftfx?nfO{ lgjf{rgsf af/]df ;';"lrt ug]{ / dtbfg ug{ hfg] vfnsf] jftfj/0f agfpg hgr]tgf sfo{qmd ;+rfng ug{sf nflu cfof]un] o'=Pg=8L=kL=;+u cfjZos ;xof]u dfu]sf] 5 . To:t} cGt/f{li6«o ko{j]Ifsx?nfO{ g]kfndf r'gfjsf] ko{j]If0f ug]{ Joj:yf ldnfpg klg o'=Pg=8L=kL=nfO{ cfu|x ul/Psf] 5 .

k"j{ lgjf{rg cfo'Qm eG5g\—;+:yfkg kIfn] g} ?v kfpg] 5

>L % sf] ;/sf/ ;/sf/sf] ;lrj Pj+ lgjf{rg cfof]usf] cfo'Qm /lx;Sg'ePsf /fdrGb| kf}8\ofn;+usf] cGt/jftf{M

á d'n'ssf] /fhgLlt / g]kfnL sf+u|];sf] eljio oltv]/ lgjf{rg cfof]udf uP/ c8\lsPsf] 5 . lsg cfof]un] lg0f{o lbg l9nfO ul//x]sf] 5 <

– k|d'v lgjf{rg cfo'Qmn] g]kfnL sf+u|];sf] ljjfbsf] l5gf]kmfgf] dfq xf]Og lgjf{rg ;DkGg u/fpg] sfddf nfUg' k/]sf]n] lg0f{odf s]xL l9nfO{ ePsf] atfpg' ePsf] 5 . oyfy{ s'/f ToxL g} xf]nf .

á lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnf / k|wfgdGqL z]/axfb'/ b]pjfdWo] s;n] g]t[Tj u/]sf] g]kfnL sf+u|]; cflwsfl/s 7fGg'x'G5 <

– ha;Dd z]/axfb'/hLsf] g]kfnL sf+u|];n] j}wflgstf kfpFb}g, ta;Dd lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnf ;efklt /xg' ePsf] g]kfnL sf+u|]; g} j}wflgs xf] . t;y{ clxn] sf]O/fnf /xg' ePsf] sf+u|]; g} j}wflgs dfGg'k5{ .

á t/ lsg k|wfgdGqL b]pjfn] cfkm" j}wflgs ePsf] bfjL ul//xg' ePsf] 5 <

– bfjL ug{ kfpg' ;a}sf] clwsf/ xf] . bfjL ug{ kfpGg;\ eGg ldNb}g . 7Ls, a]7Ls 5'6\ofpg] sfd cfof]un] ug]{ 5 .

á lgjf{rg cfof]un] s;nfO{ j}wflgstf lbg' knf{ <

– d cflwsfl/s dfG5] xf]Og . To;}n] d}n] o;af/]df eGg ldNb}g . t/ lgjf{rg cfof]un] k|lqmofut q'l6 ePsf 5g\ ls 5}gg\ eg]/ x]5{ . k|lqmofut q'l6 h;n] u/]sf] 5}g, p;}nfO{ dfGotf lbg'k5{ . d]/f] ljrf/df k|lqmofut q'l6 5 eg] b]pjf sf+u|];n] j}wtf kfpFb}g .

á g]kfnL sf+u|];sf] ljwfg ljk/Lt e]nf 8fs]/ To;}nfO{ dxflwj]zgdf kl/0ft u/]/ 5flgPsf] g]t[Tjn] u/]sf] bfjLdf k|lqmofut q'l6 k|z:t 5g\ eGg] csf]{ kIfsf] egfO 5 lg <

– ToxL t ljlw k|lqmofnfO{ gdfg];Dd Tof] j}w x'Fb}g . ;fwf/0ftofM lgod g} o:tf] xf] . !)# hgf dfG5] st} e]nf eP/ s;}nfO{ k|wfgdGqL 3f]if0ff ubf{ x'G5 / < o;sf] klg k|lqmof x'G5 . klxnf t ;f+;b x'g' k¥of] lg . k|lqmof k"/f u/]/ lbPdf !)# hgfn] k|wfgdGqL agfpg ;S5g\ . t/ rf}tf/fdf a;]/ k|wfgdGqL 3f]if0ff ug{ ldNb}g .

á r'gfj lrGx ?v s;n] kfpnf <

– @)!% ;fndf klg sf+u|];n] ?v lrGx g} kfPsf] lyof] . kGw| ;fndf klg d}n] r'gfj u/fPsf] xf] . d To;a]nf kfNkfdf lgjf{rg clws[t lyPF . ?v lrGx sf+u|];sf] xf] eGg] s'/f ;a}nfO{ yfxf 5 . To;}n] sf+u|];Lx?n] ?v lrGx htf x'G5, xfdL Tolt x'G5f}+ eGg' c:jfefljs d b]lVbg . pbfx/0fsf] nflu d]/L cfdf clxn] (@ jif{sf] x'g'x'G5, pxfFn] @)!% ;fndf ?vdf ef]6 xfNg' ePsf] lyof] . @)$* ;fndf ef]6 xfNg hfFbf pxfFn] ?v 5 ls 5}g afa' <Æ eg]/ ;f]Wg' ePsf] lyof] . j}wflgs sf+u|];n] g} ?v lrGx kfpF5 . c?nfO{ ?v lrGx lbg ldNb}g .

á lgjf{rg cfof]un] /fhgLlts bjfjdf k/]/ lg0f{o lbg] xf] ls eGg] cfz+sf 5 lg <

– To:tf] sbflk x'Fb}g . cfof]u s;}sf] bjfjdf lx+8\g] ;+:yf xf]Og . o:tf d'2fx? xfd|f] kfnfdf klg gk/]sf xf]Ogg\ . cfof]u ;+j}wflgs lgsfo xf] . o;k|lt cljZjf; ug'{ kg]{ sf/0f d b]Vb} b]lVbg . dnfO{ t lul/hfafa'sf dfG5]x?;+u u'gf;f] 5 . pgLx?n] cfof]unfO{ xfdLnfO{ ?v lrGx rflxG5 elg/x]sf 5g\ . jf:tjdf pgLx?n] af]Ng] s'/} xf]Og of] . lul/hfafa' ;efklt /xg' ePsf] sf+u|]; t clxn] klg j}wflgs g} 5 . ?v lrGx p;};+u 5 . cfof]unfO{ lsg z+sf u/]/ cfIf]k nufpg] < lgjf{rg cfof]un] lgikIf 9+un] ;+ljwfg;Ddt lg0f{o ug'{k5{ . cfof]u cgfjZos ljjfbdf kg'{ h?/L 5}g .

á tkfO{+sf] h:tf] ;f]r ePsf dfG5]x? cfof]udf 5g\ <

– d h:tf of]Uo dfG5] cfof]udf 5g\ . pgLx? s;}sf] bjfjdf kb}{gg\ . lgjf{rg cfo'Qm t 7"n} dfG5] xf] . k|wfgGofofwLz / k|wfg;]gfklt h:t} xf] lgjf{rg cfo'Qm . ;+j}wflgs kl/ifb\af6 l;kmfl/; eP/ /fhfaf6 lgo'Qm ePsf] JolQmn] ljlw;Ddt tl/sfnfO{ 5f]8]/ s;}sf] k"jf{u|xdf nfUnf eGg] dnfO{ ljZjf; 5}g .

á g]kfnL sf+u|]; gfdsf] kf6L{ Ps k6s cfof]udf btf{ e};s]kl5 ToxL gfdsf] csf]{ kf6L{nfO{ btf{ ug{ ldN5 / <

– g]kfnL sf+u|]; gfds csf]{ kf6L{ btf{ g} sxfF ePsf] 5 / < lgjf{rg cof]un] 5fglag u/]kl5 dfq lg0f{o lbG5 . s'g} klg kf6L{n] cfkm\gf] s]Gb|Lo ;ldltdf x]/km]/ ePdf xfd|f] kl/jlt{t ?k oxL xf] eg]/ cfof]unfO{ hfgsf/L lbg] lgod 5 . To;/L kl/jlt{t ?k of] xf] eg]/ eGg cfPkl5 Tof] xf] ls xf]Og eg]/ 5fglag g} ug{ gkfpg] < 5fglag t ug}{ k¥of] lg <

á lgjf{rg cfof]un] zflGtk"0f{ r'gfj ;DkGg u/fpg ;Sb}g ls eGg] z+sf JoQm ub}{5g\, tkfO{+nfO{ s] nfU5 <

– of] ljifo cfof];+u dfq lge{/ 5}g . b]zsf] kl/l:yltdf klg e/ k5{ . To:t} ;/sf/sf] klg o;df hjfkmb]lxtf x'G5 . cfof]un] s'g} Ps kf6L{nfO{ sfvL RofK5 eg]/ z+sf gu/] x'G5 . cfof]unfO{ z+sf gu/f}+ .

á jf:tjdf eGg';\ g lgjf{rg x'g ;Sg] cj:yf clxn] 5 ls 5}g <

– lgjf{rgdf tLgj6f tTj x'G5g\ . Ps dtbftf, b'O{ ;/sf/ / tLg /fhgLlts kf6L{ . oL tLg tTjn] g} r'gfj rfx\of] eg] r'gfj /fd|f];+u x'G5 . clxn] l:ylt s] 5 eg] dtbftf r'gfjdf hfg Tolt tof/ b]lv+b}gg\ . h:tf] d klg dtbftf x' . ;se/ of] r'gfjdf hfg gk/] x'GYof] eGg] dtbftfsf] efjgf b]lvPsf] 5 . /fhgLlts kf6L{ klg o; lbzfdf cfPsf 5g\ . :jod\ sf]O/fnf sf+u|];n] lgjf{rgk|lt lrGtf b]vfPsf] 5 . t/ lgjf{rg ug{ ;/sf/ r}+ tof/ 5 . ;/sf/ tof/ eP/ p;n] ;'/Iffsf] k|aGw / Joj:yfkg slt ug{ ;S5, To;df lge{/ ug{ ;S5 . @)%$ ;fnsf] :yfgLo lgsfosf] lgjf{rg x'Fbf hfh/sf]6df Pp6f uflj;df r'gfjsf] cl3Nnf] lbg dfcf]jfbLx?n] æ;aeGbf klxnf ef]6 xfNg]nfO{ xfdL sf6\5f}+Æ eg]/ krf{ 6fF;]5g\ . ef]lnkN6 dtbftf ;a} cfP, t/ klxnf] ef]6 xfNg sf]xL tof/ ePg . ef]6} v;]g . dtk]l6sf vfnL kmsf{Oof] . To;n] dtbftf k|d'v x'G5 . dtbftfdf ;'/Iffsf] cg'e"lt x'g'k5{ .

á o;k6s ljut lgjf{rgdf em}+ dt v:g ;Snf <

– lgjf{rgsf] j}wtf ef]6 v:g'df 5}g . olt dt v:g' k5{ eGg] xfd|f] P]g lgoddf 5}g . @)#* ;fndf c3f{vfFrLsf] Pp6f uflj;df hDdf ;ft ef]6 v:of] . sd{rf/Ln] xfn]sf] ;ft ef]6 aGb u/]/ NofP . o;nfO{ j}w, cj}w s] eGg] < lgoddf t 5}g of] s'/f . /fhgLlts kf6L{x?n] ;+;b\ k'g:yf{kgf x'g] ;Defjgf klg JoQm ub}{5g\ . t/ b]zsf] cj:yf kl/l:yltnfO{ x]bf{ ;+;b\ k'g:yf{kgf xf];\ eg]/ sfdgf /fVg] dfq s'/f xf] . ;+;b\ k'g:yf{kgf xf];\, x'g ;Sg] l:ylt klg 5 .

á dfcf]jfbLnfO{ d"nwf/df gNofO{ r'gfj u/fpFbf To;n] d'n'snfO{ lgsf; lbg ;Snf <

– d}n] elg;s]+ lg ;a} ldn]/ ul/Psf] r'gfj g} jf:tljs cy{df r'gfj xf] . ;ft ef]6dfq v:g] u/L r'gfj gxf];\ .

á lgjf{rg cfof]usf] sfd sf/jfxLaf6 tkfO{+ ;Gt'i6 x'g'x'G5 <

– d}n] cfof]usf dfG5]x?;+u a'em\bf cfof]un] lgjf{rg k|lqmof Psbd /fd|/L ;~rfng ul//x]sf] yfxf kfPsf] 5' . cfof]u wdfwd sfd ub}{5 .

á cfof]udf /x]/ nfdf] ;do sfd ubf{ s:tf] cg'ej ug'{eof], bjfjx? slQsf] cfpy]+ <

– d}n] bjfjsf] ;fdgf ug'{ k/]g . t/ of] b]zsf] rng tkfO{nfO{ yfx} 5 . o;f] ug'{k5{ eg]/ ;a}sf ljleGg wf/0ff cfpF5g\ . t/ cfof]un] ljj]s 5f]8\g' x'Fb}g . cfof]un] cfkm\gf] ljj]s u'dfpFb}g eGg] s'/fdf d ljZj:t 5' .

á k|hftGqsf] eljio s:tf] b]Vg'x'G5 <

– of] /fhgLlts dfG5]n] eGg] s'/f xf] . xfdLn] b]Vbf t k|hftGqsf] eljio ;a} 7Ls} 5 . k|hftGq lgZro g} hfb}g . /fhf :jo+ k|hftGqsf] ;+/Ifs x'G5' eg]/ af]ln/x]sf] a]nf k|hftGq hfnf eg]/ s;/L eGg ;lsG5 / Û

á ?v lrGx …lk|mhÚ x'g] xNnf 5 lg <

– r'gfj lrGxsf tLgj6f ?k x'G5g\ . Pp6f dfGotf k|fKt /fhgLlts bnn] kfpg] lrGx, csf]{ dfGotf ck|fKt /fhgLlts bnn] kfpg] / t];|f] :jtGqx?n] kfpg] lrGx . ?v r}+ dfGotf k|fKt bn g]kfnL sf+u|];n] kfpg] lrGx xf] . b'O{dWo] dWo] Pp6f sf+u|]; t j}wflgs eOxfN5 . t;y{ ?v lrGx ‘lk|mh’ x'Fb}g . sf+u|]];sf] ;+:yfkg kIfn] g} ?v lrGx kfpg] 5 .

– Clif wdnf

;/sf/nfO{ clVtof/sf] klg emfk8

rf/}lt/af6 cg]s cg}lts sfdsf] cf/f]k em]Ng' kl//x]sf] ;/sf/nfO{ km]l/ Ps k6s Pp6f csf]{ g}lts ;+s6 cfOk/]sf] 5 . k|wfgdGqL z]/axfb'/ b]pjfsf b'O{ dGqLnfO{ clVtof/ b'?kof]u cg';Gwfg cfof]un] sf/jfxL ug{ lgb]{zg lbPsf] rf/ lbg eof] t/ clxn];Dd Tof] lgb]{zg adf]lhdsf] s'g} sf/jfxL ePsf] 5}g . ;+:s[lt ko{6g tyf gful/s p8\8og dGqL anaxfb'/ s];L / /fHodGqL ;j{wg /fO{nfO{ zfg]jflgdf lgudsf] P]g ljk/Lt ;~rfnsx? lgo'Qm u/]sf] ;Gbe{df nfdf] 5fglag kl5 cfof]un] pgLx?nfO{ bf]ifL b]vfO{ k|wfgdGqL ;dIf To:tf] sf/jfxLsf nflu lgb]{zg lbPsf] lyof] . cfof]usf] pQm lgb]{zgkqdf dGqL / /fHodGqLn] cfkm\gf efOx?nfO{ ;DalGwt If]qsf] s'g} klg cg'ej gePs} cj:yfdf lgudsf] ;~rfns ;ldltdf lgo'lQm u/]/ zfg]jflg ;~rfngsf] lgod sfg'gsf] 7f8} pNn+3g ul/Psf] atfOPsf] 5 . dGqL anaxfb'/ s];Ln] efO s]zjafa' s];LnfO{ / /fHodGqL ;j{wg /fO{n] efO c6nz]/ /fO{nfO{ Ps jif{ cl3 lgudsf] ;~rfns agfPsf lyP . of] ljifo To;}a]nfb]lv ;a}lt/ rlr{t /xFb} cfPsf] lyof] . clVtof/sf] ;"q cg';f/ oL JolQmsf] lgo'lQmsf ;Gbe{df clVtof/n] ;DalGwt dGqL;+u aofg ;d]t lnOPsf] lyof] . Tof] aofg qmddf klg pgLx?n] oL JolQmsf of]Uotf / cg'ejsf af/] clVtof/nfO{ em'7f] ljj/0f lbPsf] kl5 k|i6 eof] . lgudsf] P]g lgoddf o;sf] ;~rfns x'g xjfO{ ko{6g Jofkf/ jf jfl0fHo If]qsf] 1ftf e} ;f] If]qdf nfdf] ;do sfd u/]sf] JolQm x'g' kg]{ eGg] :ki6 ls6fg ul/Psf] 5 . dGqLx?n] oL JolQmsf af/] clVtof/nfO{ lbPsf] ljj/0fdf pgLx? :gfts ePsf] eGg] pNn]v 5 . :gfts x'g' g} zfg]jflg ;~rfnsdf lgo'lQm x'g kof{Kt of]Uotf xf] t eGg] k|Zgsf] eg] dGqLx?n] hjfkm lbPgg\ . o;af/] To;kl5 ;f]lwPsf y'k|} k|Zgx?sf] oL dGqLaf6 hjfkm gcfPkl5 cGttM k|wfgdGqLnfO{ sf/jfxLsf nflu kq n]Vg cfof]u afWo ePsf] atfOG5 .

clVtof/n] oL dGqL dfly sf/jfxL ug{ n]v]sf] pQm kqdf tL ;~rfnsaf6 pkef]u e}/x]sf] ;'ljwf tTsfn g} /f]Sg klg lgb]{zg lbOPsf] 5 . lgudsf] P]g cg';f/ k|To]s ;~rfnsn] a}7s eQf / kl/jxg eQf afx]s cGo s]xL ;'ljwf lbg lng ldNb}g t/ clxn] lgudsf ;~rfnsx?n] Ps df]jfOn kmf]g, 3/sf] 6]lnkmf]gsf nflu dfl;s tLgxhf/ ?k}ofF, Ps ;ftfsf nflu !%) ln6/ k]6«f]n, Pp6f jfxg tyf Ps dlxgfdf ljb]z e|d0fsf nflu rf/ j6f xjfO{ l6s6, ;~rfnssf] l;kmfl/;df cGo h'g;'s} JolQmaf6 k|of]u x'g] To:t} j}b]lzs If]qsf k|lt dlxgf rf/ j6f xjfO{ l6s6, ljb]zdf /xFbfsf] xf]6]n tyf vfgf / :jb]zdf pkrf/ vr{ egL k|To]s dlxgf df]6f] /sd lgudaf6 k|fKt ug]{ u5{g\ . k|wfgdGqLnfO{ clVtof/n] oL ;'ljwf t'?Gt} aGb ug'{ egL lgb]{zg lbPtfklg Tof] ;'ljwf pknAw u/fpg] sfd aGb ePsf] 5}g . clVtof/n] o; cl3 klg ljleGg ;/sf/L :jfldTjsf ;+:yfgx?df ltgsf ;~rfns lgo'lQm ubf{ tL ;+:yfsf] P]g lgod adf]lhd dfq ug{ lgb]{zg lbPsf] lyof] . t/ To;sf] kfngf clxn];Dd ePsf] 5}g . k|wfgdGqLnfO{ lbOPsf] b'O{ dGqLdfly sf/jfxL ug]{ of] lgb]{zg ;Gbe{df klg cfof]un] pQm s'/fsf] :d/0f u/fPsf] atfOG5 .

k|=d= b]pjfn] lgo'Qm ug'{ ePsf dGqLx? clVtof/sf] o:tf] sf/jfxLsf] lgb]{zgdf k/]sf of] klxnf] 36gf rflx+ xf]Og . o; cl3 pxfFsf pk;efklt cfjf; tyf ef}lts of]hgf dGqL lr/~hLjL jfUn]n] u/]sf To:t} s]xL z+sf:kb sfd t'?Gt /f]Sg egL dlGqkl/ifb\sf gfpFdf clVtof/n] g} k'hL{ sf6]sf] lyof] . rf}yf] ;8s ;'wf/ cfof]hgf cGt/utsf sfo{qmddf k/fdz{bftf 5fGbf 5}7f} txdf /x]sf] JolQm jf kmd{;+u ;Demf}tf ug{ nfluPsf] s'/fnfO{ clVtof/n] cWoog gu/]/ k|f/lDesqmdd} z+sfx? plAhPsf] 7x/ ub}{ ;f] sfd t'?Gt /f]Sg egL lgb]{zg hf/L u/]sf] lyof] . To;}sf] s]xL lbg otfptf jgdGqL / /fHodGqL lj?4 sd{rf/L lgo'QmL e} clgoldttf b]lvP kl5 dGqL uf]kfndfg >]i7 / /fHodGqL ;'/]Gb| xdfndfly sf/jfxL ug{ lgb]{zg hf/L u/]sf] lyof] . pxfFx?n] nfhs} sf/0f klg To;a]nf /fhLgfdf lbg' k/]sf] lyof] . clVtof/sf] of] kl5Nnf] lgb]{zgsf af/]df eg] clxn];Dd s]xL ul/Psf] 5}g . ;"q cg';f/ clVtof/n] of] kq a'emfpFbf k|wfgdGqL b]pjf /fhwfgL d} x'g'x'GYof] .

b]pjf–sf+u|];sf] Pp6f emfFsL

g]kfnL sf+u|];af6 s]xL ;do klxn] rf]Ol6Psf] b]pjf ;d"xn] clw/fHoJofkL ?kdf sfo{stf{ e]nfsf] gfpFdf ub}{ cfO/x]sf] bf}8w'ksf qmddf g]kfnu~hdf !$ / !% ut] ;DkGg e]nfdf b]lvPsf dxTjk"0f{ emnsx?M

r If]qLo sfo{stf{ e]nfsf] gfpFdf cfof]hgf ul/Psf] ;f] e]nfdf em08} xhf/sf] ;+Vofdf b]pjf ;dy{s sfo{stf{x? /fhwfgL nufot ljleGg If]qaf6 k|ltlglwTj u/]sf] b]lvGYof] eg] ;of}+sf] ;+Vofdf ;fbf kf]zfswf/L ;'/IffsdL{x? e]nfsf] cfof]hs / :jo+;]jssf] Jofh nufP/ ;lqmo ?kn] sfo{/t lyP .

r laxfg !!M#) ah]b]lv ;'? ePsf] sfo{qmddf k|wfgdGqL b]pjf a]n'sL ^M#) ah]dfq sfo{qmd:yn k'Ug' ePsf] lyof] . pxfFnfO{ lng cyf{t\ pxfFsf] :jfutsf nflu ;/sf/ tyf ljb]zL bft[;+:yfx?sf s'6g}lts gDa/ Kn]6x? ePsf uf8Lx? lbge/L g]kfnu~h–ljdfg:yn, ljdfg:yn–g]kfnu~h bf}l8/x]sf lyP . e]nfdf ;xefuL x'g]x?df dWoklZrdf~rn ljsf; If]qsf sfo{stf{eGbf cGoqaf6 NofOPsf n7}t a9L b]lvGy] . pgLx?dWo] clwsf+zn] xf]6ndf vfgf / /S;L vfPsf] k};f glt/]sf] xf]6n Joj;foLx?n] atfPsf 5g\ .

r sfo{stf{ e]nfdf sfo{stf{x?n] ;/sf/L uf8Lx?, ljb]zL bft[;+:yfsf uf8Lx?dfq geP/ jL/]Gb| k|x/L c:ktfnsf] PDa'n]G;df ;d]t cfktsfnLg ;fO{/g ahfpFb} sfo{stf{x? cf];f/k;f/ ul//x]sf] b[Zo /f]rs b]lvGYof] .

r k|hftGqsf] k'g:yf{kgfkZrft g]kfnu~hdf y'k|} k|wfgdGqLx? cfP klg klxnf] k6s /femfF ljdfg:ynb]lv sfo{qmd:yn dx]Gb| /+uzfnf;Dd /fhwfgLdf cl3kl5 x'g] ;/sf/sf] ;jf/L em} ;8ssf] b'j} lsgf/df afSnf] ?kdf xltof/ ;lxt ;';lHht ;'/IffsdL{x? t}gfy ul/Psf] lyof] .

r sfo{qmddf af]Ng] s]xL jQmfx?n] ;Daf]wgsf qmddf sf+u|];L sfo{stf{x?n] klxn]sf] afgL cg'?k ‘cfb/0fLo kf6L{ ;efklt lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnfHo"’ egL ;Daf]]wg ubf{ e]nfsf cltlyx? tyf pkl:yt sfo{stf{x?aLr /dfOnf] ePsf] lyof] .

r ;fgf] zx/ g]kfnu~hdf ;Lldt ;'ljwfo'Qm ;/sf/L u]i6 xfp; tyf lghL xf]6]nx? ePsf] x'Fbf /fhwfgL nufot If]q aflx/af6 cfpg] sfo{stf{aLr ;'ljwfo'Qm P;L ePsf] sf]7f / wgu9Lsf] sfo{qmddf hfg x]lnsf]K6/ r9\g t5f8d5f8 ePsf] kfOGYof] .

r e]nfdf v]ns'b kl/ifb\af6 t]SjfGbf]sf jl/i7 k|lzIfs g:t' u'?ª nufot jl/i7 kbflwsf/Lsf] g]t[Tjdf ljleGg v]nsf em08} Ps xhf/ v]nf8Lx? e]nf ;kmn kfg{ g]kfnu~h cfOk'u]sf lyP . h'g wgu9Ldf klg k'u]sf 5g\ .

r e]nfdf d'Qm sd}ofx? / dfcf]jfbL kLl8t z/0ffyL{sf ?kdf ;b/d'sfddf a:b} cfO/x]sf dflg;x?sf] a9L ;+Vofdf pkl:yt /x]sf] lyof] . u[xdGqL v'daxfb'/ v8\sfsf] u[x lhNnf bf·af6 sfo{stf{x?sf] pNn]vgLo pkl:ylt /x] klg dxfdGqL ;'zLn sf]O/fnfsf] lj/f]wdf :j3f]lift ?kdf cfkm"x?nfO{ g]tf dfGg] JolQmx? afx]s afFs] lhNnfaf6 sfo{stf{x?sf] pkl:ylt eg] Go"g lyof] .

r afg]Zj/ e]nfnfO{ afg]Zj/ dxflwj]zgdf kl/0ft u/] em} If]qLo sfo{stf{ e]nfdf sfo{stf{ uGbf ;j{;fwf/0f dflg;x?sf] pkl:ylt pNn]vgLo b]v]kl5 If]qLo sfo{stf{ e]nfnfO{ If]qLo cfd;efdf kl/0ft u/]sf] cfof]hsx? atfpFb}lyP .

r e]nfdf cfPsf ;j{;fwf/0f dflg;x?nfO{ e]nf nlDaPsf sf/0f / k|wfgdGqL b]pjfsf] efif0f ;'gfpg' kg]{ ePsf sf/0f ;dodf ufpF–ufpF kmsf{pg g;s]kl5 vfg], a:g] Joj:yf cefjsf sf/0f /fte/L g} Tolts} s'g'{ k/]kl5 dflg;x?n] cfof]hsx?nfO{ ufnL u/]sf] b[Zo klg /f]rs b]lvGYof] .

r e]nfdf pkl:yt g]tf afx]s 6f7f af7f sfo{stf{x?sf nflu $$ j6f v;L sf6]/ e08f/f nufOPsf] lyof] . e]nfdf pkl:yt x'g cfpg] sfo{stf{x?dWo] s0ff{nLsf nflu k|lt JolQm?=^)), /fKtLnfO{ ?=$)) / e]/Lsf sfo{stf{nfO{ k|lt JolQm ?=@)) eQf ljt/0f ul/Psf] lyof] .

dfcf]jfbLn] e08f/kmf]/ ug]{

r'gfj x'g] g} eof] eg] dfcf]jfbLx?n] s] unf{g\ eGg] pT;'stf / cg'dfg al9/x]sf] a]nf g]skf dfcf]jfbLx?n] ;Defljt r'gfj æb'lgofFnfO{ pNn' agfpg] lgs[i6 rfn l;jfo c? s]xL xf]OgÆ egL cfkm"x?n] efu glng] a? ‘e08fkmf]/ ug]{’ hgfPsf 5g\ .

dfcf]jfbLn] xfn} cfkm\gf] kf6L{sf] s]Gb|Lo ;ldltsf] k"0f{ a}7s ePsf] / To;df ‘b'Zdgsf] sAhfdf /x]sf’ rf/hgf afx]s ;a} pkl:yt /x]sf] bfjL u/]sf] 5 . ;f] a}7såf/f kfl/t egL Od]n dfkm{t\ k|]lift ul/Psf] ljj/0f x]bf{ pgLx?n] cfkm\gf] gLltdf s'g} kl/jt{g NofPsf] hgfpFb}g . a? pgLx? /fh;+:yfk|lt klxn] eGbf pu| ePsf] ;+s]t ub{5 . pgLx?n] k|ltlglw;efsf] lj36g / dWofjlw lgjf{rgsf] 3f]if0ffsf] ljZn]if0f ub}{ of] 36gf g]kfnL sf+u|];leqsf] cGt/snx dfq xf]Og / o;df k|wfgdGqLsf] dfq ;+nUgtf 5}g eGg] 7x/ u/]sf 5g\ . ‘of] kl/ 36gfnfO{ g]sfleqsf] cGt/snxsf] kl/0ffd 7fGg' of t eofgs /fhgLlts c1fgtf xf] of eofgs /fhgLlts a]OdfgL xf]’ eGb} To;nfO{ zflGtk"0f{, ;sf/fTds /fhgLlts lgsf;nfO{ cj?4 kfg{ ul/Psf] if8\oGq eg]sf 5g\ . pgLx?n] cfhsf] lgsf; jftf{ cGtl/d ;/sf/ / ;+ljwfg;efsf] r'gfj /x]sf] wf/0ff k'gM xfbf]]¥ofPsf 5g\ . pgLx?sf] of] slyt a}7s sxfF / slxn] eof] eGg] rflx+ v'nfOPsf] 5}g .

o;}aLr 8f=afa'/fd e§/fO{n] Od]n dfkm{t g} PSn} hf/L u/L g]skf Pdfn]nfO{ r'gfjsf] kIfdf gnfUg r]tfjgL lbPsf 5g\ . 8f=e§/fO{n] eg]sf 5g\– slyt r'gfjdf ax'dt NofP/ ;/sf/ agfpFb}5' eGg] lbjf:jKgfdf au]/ Pdfn] g]t[Tj u'6 clxn] b]zdf x'Fb} gePsf] / x'g} g;Sg] r'gfjL dfxf}n agfpg / ;fdGtL b/af/sf] rfs8L ahfpg lhpHofg 5f8]/ nfu]sf] 5 . ;f]d zdf{sf] afa'sf] ;ft'sf] lbjf:jKg h:tf] Pdfn] g]t[Tj u'6sf] Tof] r'gfjL lbjf:jKg k"/f x'g] s'g} ;Defjgf 5}g / Tof] r'gfjL lbgeGbf klxn] g} ;ft'sf] 3}6f] km'6]/ dfwj–afdb]jx?sf] lhp ;]tfDd] x'g] lglZrt 5 .

dfcf]jfbLl;t ;Dks{ u/]sf]df lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnf / dfwjs'df/ g]kfndfly sf/jfxL ug]{ ljrf/ ;/sf/L kIfaf6 cfPsf]df dfcf]jfbLsf cWoIf k|r08n] tLa| /f]if k|s6 ub}{ k|wfgdGqL z]/axfb'/ b]pjfnfO{ r]tfjgL lbPsf 5g\ . pgsf] bfjL 5– dfcf]jfbL;+u ge]6\g] sf]xL 5}gg\ . xfn} j]e ;fO6 dfkm{t\ ;fj{hlgs ul/Psf] cft+sjfbLsf g]tf k|r08sf] cGt/jftf{df g} pQm s'/f atfOPsf] 5 . k|r08n] eg]sf 5g\– dfcf]jfbL;+u ;fF7ufF7 u/]s} e/df k|wfgdGqL aGg k'u]sf z]/axfb'/ b]pjfn] o:tf] k|rf/ ug'{ eGbf 3[l0ft xf:of:kb / nHhfhgs ljifo c? s]xL x'g ;Sb}g . dfcf]jfbL;+u ;DaGw gug]{ clxn] g]kfndf s'g} /fhg}lts bn 5}gg\ . xfdL clxNo} ;a} s'/f vf]Ng cfjZos 7fGb}gf}+ . olb ;fFRr} sf/jfxL ug]{ xf] eg] ;a}eGbf klxn] z]/axfb'/, v'daxfb'/ cflbnfO{ ug'{k5{ .Æ k|r08n] z]/axfb'/ / v'daxfb'/n] dfcf]jfbL;+u sxfF slxn] e]6] eGg] ;d]t ljj/0f cfkm";+u /x]sf] bfjL ub}{ ;do cfPkl5 To;nfO{ ;fj{hlgs ug]{;Dd eg]sf 5g\ . s]xL lbg cl3 dfcf]jfbLsf s]xL g]tf;+u k|wfgdGqL / u[xdGqLn] e]6jftf{ u/]sf] eGg] ;dfrf/ ;fj{hlgs ePsf] lyof] . dfcf]jfbLnfO{ e]6 ug]{ g]tfx?nfO{ /fHon] sf/jfxL u5{ egL ;/sf/n] ;fj{hlgs ?kdf hfgsf/L u/fPsf] bf];|f] xKtf g} pxfFx?n] e]6jftf{ u/]sf] s'/f ;fj{hlgs ePsf] xf] . To;sf] nuQ} kl5 k|r08sf] OG6/g]6 dfkm{t\ ;fj{hlgs ul/Psf] of] cGt/jftf{n] pQm e]6jftf{nfO{ k'i6L u/]sf] 5 . o;}aLr, k|wfgdGqLn] km]l/ s;}n] dfcf]jfbL;+u e]6\g' kbf{ ;/sf/sf] cg'dlt lng' kg]{ / e]l6;s]kl5 To;sf] ;a} ljj/0f ;DalGwt JolQmn] ;/sf/df a'emfpg' kg]{ csf]{ hfgsf/L u/fpg' ePsf] 5 . t/ o;aLrdf ePsf] dfcf]jfbL;+usf] e]6jftf{nfO{ eg] ;/sf/n] s]xL eg]g . k|r08n] b]pjf / v8\sfn] dfcf]jfbLnfO{ sxfF, s;/L e]6] / e]l6/x]5g\ eGg] s'/fsf] e08fkmf]/ u/] eg] cfZro{ x'g] 5}g . k|r08 cg';f/ Tof] ljj/0f ;dosf] kvf{Odf 5 . k|r08sf] To; ?kn] ;fj{hlgs ul/Psf] egfOdf clxn];Ddsf jftf{x? b]pjfnfO{ ;Qfdf k'¥ofpg] e¥ofª dfq eP . k|r08n] nfdf] ;dokl5 of] kf]n vf]n]sf x'g\ . ;/sf/af6 cft+sjfbL 3f]lift dfcf]jfbLx?n] PskN6 km]l/ sf+u|];leqsf] cGt/snxaf6 nfe p7fpg] k|oTgdf nfu]sf 5g\ . sf]O/fnf ;Qfdf ePsf] a]nf h;/L b]pjflt/ ;xfg'e"lt b]vfO/x]sf lyP To;}u/L clxn] b]pjfsf] cfnf]rgf ub}{ sf]O/fnfk|lt ;xfg'e"lt JoQm ug{ yfn]sf 5g\ . Toltdfq xf]Og ca pgLx? sf]O/fnfnfO{ u0ftGqs} kIfdf nfUg rf/f kmfNb}5g\ . pgLx?sf] of] /0fgLlt b]v]kl5 sf]O/fnfn] oxL ;ftf ;fj{hlgs ?kdf eGg'eof]– ‘d /fhtGq ljgfsf] g]kfnsf] sNkgf klg ug{ ;lQmg . /fhtGq / k|hftGq ;fy;fy} cufl8 a9\g'k5{, b'j} ;'b[9 x'g'k5{ .’

k'g:yf{kgfs} ;Defjgf a9L 5

/fw]Zofd clwsf/L, jl/i7 clwjQmf Pj+ /fli6«o ;ef ;b:o

;+;b\ lj36gsf] d'2f ;jf]{Rr cbfntdf ljrf/fwLg cj:yfdf 5 . o; ljifodf hf] s;}n] clxn] cg'dfg dfq nufpg ;S5, s:tf] kl/0ffd cfpFnf eg]/ . ;+;b\ k'g:yf{kgf jf lj36gsf] kIfdf /x]sf JolQmx?n] cf–cfkm\gf] ljrf/ cg';f/ /fo k|:t't ub{5g\ . sf]xL klg cgk]lIft kl/0ffdsf] kvf{Odf a;]sf] x'Fb}g . cyf{t\ h;n] h'g kIf lnPsf] x'G5 p;n] cfkm\gf] kIfdf kl/0ffd cfcf];\ eGg] rfxG5 . To;}n] of] ljifo clxn] cg'dfgdf dfq ;Lldt 5 . o;f] ePtf klg jx;sf] qmddf ljsl;t ePsf] 36gfqmdnfO{ b[li6ut ubf{ ;+;b\ k'g:yf{kgf x'G5 eg]/ ;fdfGo cg'dfg nufpg ;lsG5 . o;sf s]xL dha't cfwf/x? klg 5g\ .

o; cl3 @)%!, @)%@, @)%$ ;fndf ;jf]{Rr cbfntn] km};nf u/]sf] 5 / tTsfnLg >L % nfO{ /fo klg lbPsf] 5 . tL km};nf / /fox?sf] cWoog ubf{ ;+;b\ lj36gsf] l;kmfl/; ;DaGwL ljifo ;jf]{Rr cbfntsf] Goflos k'g/fjnf]sgsf] ljifoj:t' aGb5 eg]/ dfg]sf] 5 . Goflos k'g/fjnf]sgsf] ljifoj:t' dflg;s]kl5 clxn] To;nfO{ x7ft Goflos k'g/fjnf]sgsf] ljifoj:t' xf]Og eGg ldNb}g . lsgeg] ;jf]{Rr cbfntn] Pp6f af6f] sf]l/;s]sf] 5 . Tof] af6f]af6 lx+8\g ;jf]{Rr cbfnt klg afWo 5 . bf];|f] s'/f, h'g a]nfdf k|wfgdGqL b]pjfn] ;+;b\ lj36g ug'{eof] To;sf sf/0f / cfwf/ ;+s6sfndf pxfFnfO{ ;+;b\af6 ;xof]u x'g] gb]v]/ k|ltlglw;ef lj36g ug'{ ePsf] ;fj{hlgs ?kdf cfPsf] ;To s'/f xf] . ;+s6sfnsf] 3f]if0ff / cjlw lj:tf/ k|wfgdGqLn] rfxg] ljlQs} x'g] xf]Og . ;+s6sfnsf] Dofb yKg] gyKg] s'/f ;+;b\sf] ljrf/fwLg ljifo xf], k|wfgdGqLsf] xf]Og . xfd|f] ;+ljwfgn] g} ;+s6sfnnfO{ k|wfgdGqLsf] ljrf/fwLg ljifoj:t' gagfOsg, ;+;b\sf] ljrf/fwLg ljifoj:t' agfPsf] 5 . ha ;+ljwfgdf g} o:tf] Joj:yf 5 / cNk;"rgfsf] cfwf/df ;+;b\ af]nfP/, ;+s6sfn nDAofpg] k|:tfj pxfFn] k]z ul/;Sg' ePsf] lyof] eg] Tof] cj:yfdf ;+;b\ lj36g eof] . Pp6f ‘rqm’ k"/f gu/Lsg, ;+;b\df k|j]z u/fPsf] ljifoj:t'dfly 5nkmn gu/fOsg lj36g ug'{ dgfl;j x'Fb}g . csf]{ s'/f, Tof] ;+;b\ hxfF ljrf/fwLg ljifoj:t' lyof], To;nfO{ 5Ng] / km]l/ ;+s6sfnsf] cfo' a9fpg] sfd eof] . o;nfO{ sfg'gL efiffdf æablgotk"0f{ sfo{Æ elgG5 . h'g s'/f ;+;b\n] dfq nDAofpg ;SYof], Tof] a]nfdf pxfFn] of] sfd ug'{ePg . k|wfgdGqLn] cfkm\gf] dlGqkl/ifb\;+u 5nkmn u/]/ lg0f{o lng'kYof]{ . r'gfjsf] ldlt tf]Sg] s'/fdf, r'gfj x'g ;S5 ls ;Sb}g eGg] s'/fdf 5nkmn x'g'kYof]{ . h;n] ;/sf/sf sfg'gL ;Nnfxsf/ lji6n] :yfgLo lgjf{rgsf] ;DaGwdf cl:t dfq cbfntdf eGg'eof] ls ‘zflGt ;'/Iffsf l:ylt g/fd|f] ePsf]n] :yfgLo lgsfosf] lgjf{rg clxn] u/fpg ;Sg] cj:yfdf 5}g .’ h'g ;/sf/sf] sfg'gL ;Nnfxsf/n] ;jf]{Rr cbfntnfO{ of] ‘la|lkmª’ lb+b} x'g'x'G5, ToxL cfwf/df k|ltlglw;efsf] lgjf{rg x'g ;S5 eGg] cfwf/ s] < ;+ljwfgn] ;+s6sfnsf] cj:yf 5 eg] To;nfO{ c;fdfGo cj:yf dfGb5 . To:tf] cj:yfdf ;+;b\sf] cfo' Ps jif{ nDAofpg klg ;lsG5 . t/ To;sf] ljk/Lt pxfFn] ;+s6sfnsf] cfo' nDAofpg] / ;+;b\sf] cfo' 36fpg] sfd ug'{eof] . of] ;+ljwfgsf] b[li6sf]0fn] lans'n} cldNbf] s'/f xf] . oL ;a s'/fx?n] ubf{ k|wfgdGqLn] q'l6k'0f{ l;kmfl/; ug'{ePsf] 5 eGg] k|i6\ofpF5 . o;f] ePkl5 ;jf]{Rr cbfntn] pQm l;kmfl/; ab/ u5{ . ;jf]{Rr cbfntn] o; cl3 ab/ u/]sf] klg 5 . ToxL kb lrGx k5\ofOPsf]n] of] l;kmfl/; ab/ x'g'k5{ .

;+;b\ lj36g ug]{ k|wfgdGqLsf] clwsf/ ;zt{ xf]Og eGg] egfO cfO/x]sf] 5 . o;df b'O{j6f ljrf/fwf/f ;+u;+u} uO/x]sf] 5 . of] k|wfgdGqLsf] ljz]if clwsf/ xf] eGg] dfG5]x? klg x'g'x'G5, oxfF . t/ of] s'/fsf] JofVof s;n] ug]{ < of] zt{;lxt xf] jf zt{/lxt xf] eGg] JofVof ug]{ Pp6f lgsfo -;jf]{Rr cbfnt_ 5, h;nfO{ xfdLn] ljZjf; ug'{k5{ . %#-$_ sf] JofVof ;jf]{Rr cbfntn] g} ul/;s]sf] 5 . ;jf]{Rr cbfntn] Goflos k'g/fjnf]sg ug]{ eg]sf] s] xf] eg] olb Tof] s'/fnfO{ xf]Og eGg] xf] eg] @)%! ;fndf g} cbfntn] ‘o:tf] d'2f xfdL x]b}{gf}+’ eGg] lyof] . ‘of] k|=d=zt{/lxt clwsf/ xf] To;sf/0fn] k|wfgdGqLn] l;kmfl/; u/]sf]n] xfdL cbfntleq cfpg lb+b}gf}+’ eGYof] . w]/} dflg;x? @)%@ ;fndf of] s'/f eof] eG5g\, To;f] xf]Og . @)%! ;fnsf] km};nfdf ;jf]{Rr cbfntn] ‘of] Goflos k'g/fjnf]sgsf] ljifo xf], xfdL o;nfO{ jx;sf nflu ;b/ ug{ ;S5f}+ / clxn] j}slNks ;/sf/sf] cj:yf gePsfn] l;kmfl/; ab/ ub}{gf}+, eGof] . bf];|f] k6s t ab/ g} u¥of] . of] zt{/lxt clwsf/ xf] eg]/ k|:t't ul/Psf] ljrf/fwf/f ;jf]{Rr cbfntn] c:jLsf/ ul/lbof] . To;}n] k|wfgdGqLsf] of] clwsf/ æzt{;lxtÆ xf] eg]/ dfGg'k5{ .

Lx:;+ljwfgsf] ;DaGwdf JofVof ug]{ clwsf/ ;jf]{Rr cbfntnfO{ dfq 5 . s'g} JolQm ljz]ifn] lbg] ‘/fo’ xf], ;jf]{Rr cbfntn] u/]sf] JofVof ‘clGtd lg0f{o’ xf] . Tof] lg0f{o ;a}n] dfGg'k5{ . To;}n] k|wfgdGqLsf] clwsf/ cIf'0f /fVgsf] nflu eg]/ /fhgLlts kf6L{x?n] ;+ljwfg ;+zf]wgaf6 o;nfO{ s]xL d"t{?k lbg'k¥of] / cbfntsf] If]qflwsf/ tf]Sg' k¥of] eg]/ rrf{ eO/x]sf] 5 . olb Tof] zt{/lxt clwsf/ lyof] eg] of] rrf{ ul//xg' kg]{ lyPg . of] clwsf/ zt{;lxt xf] eGg] dfg]/ g} kf6L{x?sf] aLrdf k|wfgdGqLsf] clwsf/sf] k'gJof{Vof eO/x]sf] 5 . clxn] ;+;b\ lj36g k|wfgdGqLsf] zt{/lxt clwsf/ xf] eg]/ g} b]pjfn] @)%@ ;fndf cfkm}+n] l/6 lgj]bs eP/ ;zt{ clwsf/ ePsf] lj36gsf] l;kmfl/; ab/sf] dfu ug'{ ePsf] lyof] / cbfntsf] Tof] ts{ :jLsf/ u/]sf] lyof] . cbfntdf lht]/ pxfF k|wfgdGqL klg x'g'eof] . Pp6} JolQmsf] bf]xf]/f] dfkb08 s;/L x'g ;S5 < k|=d= kIfsf] clxn]sf] bfjL / ts{ cfZro{sf] ljifo ag]sf] 5 .

w]/} d'n'ssf] cWoog ubf{ ;+s6sfnsf] cjlwdf ;+;b\ lj36g plrt dflg+b}g < ;+s6sfndf hgtfsf] xs lgnDag ePsf] x'G5, To; s'/fnfO{ lgu/fgL /fVg] lgsfo ;+;b\ xf] . hgtfsf] xsk|lt ;/sf/nfO{ pQ/bfoL agfpg] sfd ;+;b\n] ub{5 . To;}n] ;+s6sfndf ;+;b\ lj36g xf]Og, j? ;+;b\sf] Dofb nDAofpg ;Sg] k|fjwfg 5 . h:tf], ;+s6sfnsf] cjlwdf hgtfsf] cj:yf s:tf] 5 eg]/ a'em\g /fHoJoJ;yf ;ldltsf 6f]nLx? :yfgLo txdf uPsf lyP . ;+;b\ lj36g ePkl5 ca clxn] s'g lgsfon] To;/L hfFr ug{ ;S5 < To;}n] ;+s6sfnsf] cjlwdf ;+;b\ lj36g ug]{ s'/f s'g} klg k|hftflGqs d'n'sdf sNkgf g} ul/+b}g <

;du|df eGg'kbf{ ;+;b\ lj36g ug]{ k|wfgdGqLsf] clwsf/ xf] / xf]Og klg . kl/l:ylt cg'?k / l/t k'¥ofP/ l;kmfl/; u/]df of] pxfFsf] clwsf/ xf] . t/ ;+ljwfgsf] efjgf ldr]/, k|hftGqsf] dd{ gf3]/ / ablgotk"0f{ tl/sfn] ug'{ eof] eg] Tof] pxfFsf] clwsf/ xf]Og . To;}n] clxn]sf] cj:yfdf ;jf]{Rr cbfntn] k|wfgdGqLsf] l;kmfl/; ab/ u/]/ k|ltlglw;ef k'ghL{ljt ug]{ ;Defjgf a9L b]lvG5 . To;f] ug'{ ;+ljwfgsf] efjgf, k|hftflGqs dfGotf Pj+ ;jf]{Rr cbfntsf klxn]sf km};nfsf cfwf/df eGg] xf] eg] o:t} x'g' kg]{ xf] .

-jftf{df cfwfl/t_